HALTERES, Volume 4, 19-24, 2013 ISSN 0973-1555 © MANPREET S. PANDHER AND MALKIAT S. SAINI Addition of a new species to Ecnomus McLachlan, 1864 (Trichoptera: Ecnomidae) along with key to its Indian Fauna Manpreet S. Pandher*1 and Malkiat S. Saini2 1. University School of Agriculture, Desh Bhagat University, Mandi Gobindgarh, Fatehgarh Sahib–147301, India 2. Asian Institution, Patiala–147002, India (e-mail: *[email protected]) Abstract A new species is added to the Ecnomid fauna of India. The newly described species Ecnomus suni sp. nov. is recorded from Cherrapungee (Meghalaya). In addition, a key to the males of Indian species of Ecnomus is provided. Keywords: Ecnomidae, India, Himalaya, Meghalaya. Introduction The type genus Ecnomus McLachlan of this genus. As far as oriental region is was the only genus included in Ulmer’s concerned most of the contributions are by (1903) Hydropsychidae under subfamily Malicky (1979, 1993, 1995a, 1995b, 1997, Ecnominae (now Ecnomidae). The 2000, 2007, 2008 and 2009); Malicky and Ecnomidae now includes 7 genera: Ecnomus Chantaramongkol (1993a, 1993b) and McLachlan, Daternomina Neboiss, Ecnomina Malicky et al. (2004 and 2006) who described Kimmins, Austrotinodes Schmid, many species from Bhutan, Srilanka, Absensomina Cartwright, Wellsomina Vietnam, Nepal, Thailand, China, Laos, Cartwright and Neboissomina Cartwright. Indonesia (Bali, Kalimantan, Sumatra, The record of species diversity of Ecnomus Sulawesi), Malaysia, Myanmar and India McLachlan has increased many folds during (Andaman and Nicobar). the past 22 years. According to Cartwright From the Indian region only 7 species (1990) the genus had only 130 species; within are on record. Mosely (1932) was the first to a span of only seven years Li and Morse describe 3 species from India. He was (1997) gave this figure as 221 species. This followed by Martynov (1935) with 3 species. number swelled up to 275 species as reported Malicky (1979) reported 1 new species of this by Johanson and Espeland (2010) and at genus from Andaman Island. It is nearly 33 present this figure stands at 280 species years or so that no contribution has been (Morse, 2012). Side by side there is a rapid made to this genus from India. In this paper a increase in the knowledge of females and the new species is described and illustrated along larvae of most genera of Ecnomidae with the key to the males of Indian species. (Cartwright, 1990, 1997, 2008, 2009, 2010 and 2011). It was Li and Morse (1997) who Materials and Methods applied the cladistic principles to this family Adults were collected by light traps and traced the phylogeny of Chinese species (UV and mercury vapour bulb) placed near 19 Manpreet S. Pandher and Malkiat S. Saini the edge of high altitude streams of the or rc. Fork II without nygma. Himalayan belt of India. The specimens were preserved in 70% ethyl alcohol with a drop of Ecnomus suni sp. nov. glycerol added. Pertinent collection and locality (Figs. 1-4) data were recorded. Material examined: Holotype: ♂, India: The male genitalia were removed from the Meghalaya; Cherrapungee, 1200 m, 26-v-2011, specimens and put in 10% KOH solution Pandher, (PUPM), Ref. no. TRC/E/11. overnight. After this treatment the genitalia Paratype: Collection data same as of holotype, were put in 80% ethyl alcohol with a drop of 1♂, 1♀, (PUPM), TRC/E/12, TRC/E/13. glycerol and observed for morphological characters. The drawings of various aspects Description: Adult ♂; color in alcohol brown, were done with the aid of a stereoscope dorsum of head dark brown. Length from tip of (maximum magnification of 160X) fitted with head to apex of folded forewing about 6mm; an ocular grid in one eye piece. The final maxillary palp 1.50 mm, 4th segment longer drawings were rendered in black ink. The than 2nd as well as 3rd, 5th longest; labial palp illustrations were scanned at 600 dpi grayscale, small 0.50mm long. Length of forewing 4.75 and mounted onto plates in Adobe© mm; venation typical for genus. Hind wing Photoshop© 7.0. The genitalic terminology about 3mm long. corresponds to Li and Morse (1997). Type Male genitalia (Figs. 1-4): Anterior specimens are deposited in the Punjabi margin of sternum IX roundly produced, broad University Patiala Museum (PUPM), ventrolaterally; tergum IX broad, anterolaterally Department of Zoology and Environmental convex, pointed dorsoapically. Segment X lobe Sciences, Punjabi University, Patiala. like, its posteroventral projection slender, Systematics expanded laterally in the middle. Superior appendage broad, quadrate and smaller than Ecnomus McLachlan, 1864: 26, 30. inferior appendages in lateral view, with small Type species: Philopotamus tenellus Rambur baso-ventral projection. Inferior appendages 1842: 503 (monobasic). almost straight, at mesal margins in ventral Synonymy: view with mesal concavity at middle and with = Ecnomiella Mosely, 1935: 221-222. small mesal projection beyond this concavity, Type species: Ecnomiella bifurcata Kimmins sharp at apex. Phallus sharp at apex, protruding (original designation). laterally at middle. Kimmins, 1957: 261 as footnote (as synonym of Ecnomus) Diagnosis: Ecnomus suni sp.nov. is allied to E. thogarma Malicky and Chantaramongkol, 2009 Diagnosis: Maxillary palpi 5 segmented, its 2nd and E. venimar Malicky and Chantaramongkol, segment slightly longer than 1st but shorter than 1993a. The shape of inferior appendages in 3rd as well as 4th; 3rd segment positioned ventral view is close to E. thogarma but the apically on 2nd; 5th segment longest, secondarily shape of superior appendages differs in lateral annulated and flexible. Forewings each with view from the latter. In lateral view E. suni is fork of R1, forks I, II, III, IV, and V and more close to E. venimar because of the shape discoidal cell, median cell, and thyridial cell; of superior appendages. However, E. suni is a corneous nygmae in F-II and thyridial cell. Few distinct species as it differs in the shape of species with fork of R1 very faded and fork-I inferior appendages in ventral view from E. absent. Fork IV sessile. Hind wing with forks II venimar. and V and without discoidal cell, median cell, 20 A new species of Ecnomus McLachlan, 1864 (Trichoptera: Ecnomidae) with key to its Indian Fauna Distribution: India: Meghalaya. of Sun Changhai who is working on Chinese Trichoptera. Etymology: This species is named in honour Figs. 1-4. Ecnomus suni sp. nov., male genitalia. 1- left lateral view, 2- dorsal view, 3- ventral view, 4- Phallus ventral view. (IXTg – Tergum IX, IXSt – Sternum IX, SA – Superior appendage, BVPSA – Baso ventral projection of Superior appendage, X – Segment X, VPSA – Ventral projection of Superior appendage, PVPX – Postero ventral projection of X, INF – Inferior appendage, IX – Segment IX, PH – Phallus) 21 Manpreet S. Pandher and Malkiat S. Saini Key to the males of Indian species of genus Ecnomus McLachlan 1. Superior appendage pointed at apex in very slender in lateral view lateral view……..E. costalis Martynov ……..…...............E. indicus Martynov - Superior appendage not pointed at apex - Inferior appendage without thin slender in lateral view (Fig. 1)…………..……2 process at base; and it is not slender in 2. Superior appendage rounded apically in lateral view (Fig. 1)…………..........…6 lateral view (Fig. 1)..…………………3 6. Superior appendage very long and - Superior appendage truncate apically in broad in its dorsal view; its upper distal lateral view…….....E. pusanus Mosely margin not pointed (Fig. 3. Inferior appendages longer than 2).................…………..E. suni sp. nov. superior appendages in lateral view - Superior appendage small and broad in (Fig. 1)……………...……………...…4 its dorsal view; its upper distal margin - Inferior appendages shorter than pointed…………....E. fletcheri Mosely superior appendages in lateral view….7 7. Inferior appendage with an angular 4. Sternum IX broad apically in lateral projection on dorsal side about midway view….…........…E. moselyi Martynov and directed towards base in lateral - Sternum IX narrow apically in lateral view…………..…E. montanus Mosely view (Fig.1)….………...………….….5 - Inferior appendage smooth without any 5. Inferior appendage with very thin angular projection on dorsal side in slender process at base; the former is lateral view…...…E. mithraki Malicky Acknowledgements References The authors are indebted to Dr John Cartwright, D.I. 1990. The Australian species of Morse (Clemson University, USA) for Ecnomus McLachlan (Trichoptera: providing important literature, valuable Ecnomidae). Memoirs of the Museum of suggestions and guidance during the research. Victoria 51: 1-48. Cartwright, D.I. 1997. Preliminary guide to the We greatly appreciate the support provided in identification of late instar larvae of the form of the relevant literature for the Australian Ecnomidae, Philopotamidae and Oriental as well as Palaearctic Region by Dr Tasimiidae (Insecta: Trichoptera). Hans Malicky, Austria. Sincere thanks are due Identification guide no. 10. Albury: to Dr VV Ramamurthy, National Coordinator, Cooperative Research Centre for Network Project on Insect Biosystematics Freshwater Ecology 33 pp. (NPIB-21-17), Indian Agricultural Research Cartwright, D.I. 2008. A review of the Australian Institute, New Delhi, Government of India, for species of Ecnomina Kimmins and providing financial support for this research. Daternomina Neboiss (Trichoptera: Thanks are also due to the parent institute, Ecnomidae). Zootaxa 1774: 1-76. Cartwright, D.I. 2009. Austrotinodes Schmid, a Punjabi University, Patiala, for providing South and Central American caddisfly necessary facilities for the present research. genus, newly recorded in Australia, with Last, but not the least, authors are thankful to the description of new species (Trichoptera: the PCCF’s, CCF’s, DFO, and other forest Ecnomidae). Zootaxa 2142: 1-19. authorities of Meghalaya for their help and Cartwright, D.I. 2010. Descriptions of 2 new cooperation during the expedition to these genera and 13 new species of caddisflies states. 22 A new species of Ecnomus McLachlan, 1864 (Trichoptera: Ecnomidae) with key to its Indian Fauna from Australia (Trichoptera: Ecnomidae). Indonesien). Linzer Biologische Beiträge Zootaxa 2415: 1-21 40: 833-879.