A Potential Explanation of China's Geostrategy
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Origin and Character of Loesslike Silt in the Southern Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) Plateau, China
Origin and Character of Loesslike Silt in the Southern Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) Plateau, China U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 1549 Cover. View south-southeast across Lhasa He (Lhasa River) flood plain from roof of Potala Pal ace, Lhasa, Xizang Autonomous Region, China. The Potala (see frontispiece), characteristic sym bol of Tibet, nses 308 m above the valley floor on a bedrock hill and provides an excellent view of Mt. Guokalariju, 5,603 m elevation, and adjacent mountains 15 km to the southeast These mountains of flysch-like Triassic clastic and volcanic rocks and some Mesozoic granite character ize the southernmost part of Northern Xizang Structural Region (Gangdese-Nyainqentanglha Tec tonic Zone), which lies just north of the Yarlung Zangbo east-west tectonic suture 50 km to the south (see figs. 2, 3). Mountains are part of the Gangdese Island Arc at south margin of Lhasa continental block. Light-tan areas on flanks of mountains adjacent to almost vegetation-free flood plain are modern and ancient climbing sand dunes that exhibit evidence of strong winds. From flood plain of Lhasa He, and from flood plain of much larger Yarlung Zangbo to the south (see figs. 2, 3, 13), large dust storms and sand storms originate today and are common in capitol city of Lhasa. Blowing silt from larger braided flood plains in Pleistocene time was source of much loesslike silt described in this report. Photograph PK 23,763 by Troy L. P6w6, June 4, 1980. ORIGIN AND CHARACTER OF LOESSLIKE SILT IN THE SOUTHERN QINGHAI-XIZANG (TIBET) PLATEAU, CHINA Frontispiece. -
On Strategy: a Primer Edited by Nathan K. Finney
Cover design by Dale E. Cordes, Army University Press On Strategy: A Primer Edited by Nathan K. Finney Combat Studies Institute Press Fort Leavenworth, Kansas An imprint of The Army University Press Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Finney, Nathan K., editor. | U.S. Army Combined Arms Cen- ter, issuing body. Title: On strategy : a primer / edited by Nathan K. Finney. Other titles: On strategy (U.S. Army Combined Arms Center) Description: Fort Leavenworth, Kansas : Combat Studies Institute Press, US Army Combined Arms Center, 2020. | “An imprint of The Army University Press.” | Includes bibliographical references. Identifiers: LCCN 2020020512 (print) | LCCN 2020020513 (ebook) | ISBN 9781940804811 (paperback) | ISBN 9781940804811 (Adobe PDF) Subjects: LCSH: Strategy. | Strategy--History. Classification: LCC U162 .O5 2020 (print) | LCC U162 (ebook) | DDC 355.02--dc23 | SUDOC D 110.2:ST 8. LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020020512. LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020020513. 2020 Combat Studies Institute Press publications cover a wide variety of military topics. The views ex- pressed in this CSI Press publication are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the Depart- ment of the Army or the Department of Defense. A full list of digital CSI Press publications is available at https://www.armyu- press.army.mil/Books/combat-studies-institute. The seal of the Combat Studies Institute authenticates this document as an of- ficial publication of the CSI Press. It is prohibited to use the CSI’s official seal on any republication without the express written permission of the director. Editors Diane R. -
Geostrategy and Canadian Defence: from C.P. Stacey to a Twenty-First Century Arctic Threat Assessment
Journal of Military and Strategic VOLUME 20, ISSUE 1 Studies Geostrategy and Canadian Defence: From C.P. Stacey to a Twenty-First Century Arctic Threat Assessment Ryan Dean and P. Whitney Lackenbauer1 “If some countries have too much history, we have too much geography.” -- Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King, 1936 Geostrategy is the study of the importance of geography to strategy and military operations. Strategist Bernard Loo explains that “it is the influence of geography on tactical and operational elements of the strategic calculus that underpins, albeit subliminally, strategic calculations about the feasibility of the use of military force because the geographical conditions will influence policy-makers’ and strategic 1 An early version of some sections of this article appeared as “Geostrategical Approaches,” a research report for Defence Research and Development Canada (DRDC) project on the Assessment of Threats Against Canada submitted in 2015. We are grateful to the coordinators of that project, as well as to reviewers who provided feedback that has strengthened this article. Final research and writing was completed pursuant to a Department of National Defence MINDS Collaborative Network grant supporting the North American and Arctic Defence and Security Network (NAADSN). ©Centre of Military and Strategic Studies, 2019 ISSN : 1488-559X JOURNAL OF MILITARY AND STRATEGIC STUDIES planners’ perceptions of strategic vulnerabilities or opportunities.”2 By extension, the geographical size and location of a country are key determinants -
Yuri M. Zhukov As of Aug 25, 2020
Yuri M. Zhukov as of Aug 25, 2020 Contact Department of Political Science Information University of Michigan e-mail: [email protected] 5700 Haven Hall, Ann Arbor MI 48109-1045 www: sites.lsa.umich.edu/zhukov Research Substantive: civil conflict (causes, dynamics, consequences), interstate conflict, political Interests communication, historical legacies, military effectiveness, state repression, Russia Methodological: applied statistics, formal theory, spatial/network analysis, text analysis Education Ph.D., Harvard University, Cambridge, MA (Government) 2014 M.A., Georgetown University, Washington, DC (National Security Studies) 2007 A.B., Brown University, Providence, RI (International Relations) 2003 Academic Employment University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI Department of Political Science Associate Professor 2020 { Assistant Professor 2014 { 2020 Institute for Social Research, Center for Political Studies Faculty Associate 2014 { Center for Russian, East European, and Eurasian Studies Faculty Associate 2014 { Peer-Reviewed 22. \Mass Repression and Political Loyalty: Evidence from Stalin's `Terror by Hunger'" Journal [with Arturas Rozenas], American Political Science Review 113, no. 2 (2019): Articles 569-583. 21. \Introducing xSub: A New Portal for Cross-National Data on Sub-National Violence" [with Christian Davenport and Nadiya Kostyuk], Journal of Peace Research 56, no. 4: 604-614. 20. \Until the Bitter End? The Diffusion of Surrender Across Battles" [with Todd Lehmann], International Organization 73, no. 1 (2019): 133-169. 19. \Media Ownership and News Coverage of International Conflict” [with Matthew Baum], Political Communication 31, no. 1 (2019): 36-53. 18. \Invisible Digital Front: Can Cyber Operations Shape Battlefield Events?" [with Nadiya Kostyuk], Journal of Conflict Resolution 63, no. 2 (2019): 317-347. • Press: Washington Post / Monkey Cage. -
Chapter I Geostrategic and Geopolitical Considerations
Geostrategic and geopolitical Chapter I considerations regarding energy Francisco José Berenguer Hernández Abstract This chapter analyses the peace and conflict aspects of the concept of “energy security” its importance in the strategic architecture of the major nations, as well as the main geopolitical factors of the current energy panorama. Key words Energy Security, National Strategies, Energy Interests, Geopolitics of Energy. 45 Francisco José Berenguer Hernández Some considerations about the “energy security” concept Concept The concept of energy security has been present in publications for a cer- tain number of years, including the press and non-trade media, but it is apparently a recent one, or at least one that has not enjoyed the popular- ity of others such as road, workplace, social or even air security. However, it has taken on such importance nowadays that it deserves a specific section in the highest-level strategic documents of practically all of the nations in our environment, as will be seen in a later section. This is somewhat different from the form of security of other sectors that include the following in more generic terms: “well-being and progress of society”, “ensuring the life and prosperity of citizens” and other simi- lar expressions, with the exception of economic security. The latter, as a consequence of the long and deep recession that numerous nations, in- cluding Spain, have been suffering, has strongly emerged in more recent strategic thinking. Consequently, it is worth wondering the reason for this relevance and leading role of energy security in the concerns of the high- est authorities and institutions of the nations. -
MCI 2010-11 Year-End Results Presentation (May 2011)
Media Chinese International Limited 2nd Quarter FY2016/17 Results Presentation December 2016 Agenda (1) Overview (2) Performance Review • Market Highlights • Financial Performance • Financial Performance (excluding currency impact) (3) Digital Media Update (4) Outlook 1 Agenda (1) Overview 2 Geographic Diversity Media Chinese (Dual Primary Listed) Greater China Southeast Asia North America Digital Media Sin Chew Daily ● Websites MP Daily News (HK) Toronto Ming Pao China Press ● Mobile Applications Yazhou Zhoukan Vancouver Ming Pao Guang Ming Daily ● Pocketimes Over 10 magazines Toronto Canadian Nanyang Siang Pau ● Hihoku Contract Publishing Chinese Express Brunei Sin Chew ● e-Papers Books Publication Vancouver Canadian Indonesia Sin Chew Chinese Express ● e-Magazines Educational Publications Cambodia Sin Chew New York Ming Pao ● e-commerce - Logon ● Strategic Outdoor Media New Life Post (Tabloid) Travel Business Partnerships Video Media 4 Student Publications Travel Business 15 magazines 3 Market Leading Brands with Long History Publishing since In publication for • Nanyang Siang Pau 1923 93 years • Sin Chew Daily 1929 87 years • China Press 1946 70 years • Ming Pao Daily News (Hong Kong Edition) 1959 57 years • Ming Pao Monthly 1966 50 years • Ming Pao Weekly 1968 48 years • Yazhou Zhoukan 1987 29 years • Guang Ming Daily 1987 29 years • Ming Pao Daily News (Toronto Edition) 1993 23 years • Ming Pao Daily News (Vancouver Edition) 1993 23 years • Ming Pao (New York) 1997 19 years 4 Publishing – Newspapers and magazines 5 Digital/New Media – e-Papers, e-Magazines, websites & mobile apps Online Media (Southeast Asia) Online Media (Hong Kong) Mobile Media Online Media (Mainland China) Online Media (Canada) 66 Agenda (2) Performance Review • Market Highlights 7 Market Share in Peninsular Malaysia and Hong Kong Penisular Malaysia Period from 1 July 2015 to 30 June 2016 Chinese Newspapers Readership Ranking in Malaysia Sin Chew - Sin Chew Daily 1,332,000 No. -
11.13.2020 CHINA | Concerns Remain for Detained Activist
11.13.2020 CHINA | Concerns Remain for Detained Activist CSW has reiterated calls for the release of detained Chinese human rights defender Zhang Zhan, amid continued concerns for her health and well-being. Nov. 14 will mark six months since Zhang, a Christian and former lawyer, was detained by Chinese authorities. Zhang had travelled to Wuhan, the epicenter of the COVID-19 outbreak, in early February, from where she posted videos and articles about the COVID-19 outbreak on Twitter and YouTube, both of which are blocked in China, and other social media platforms. She was taken away from her hotel room in Wuhan by Shanghai police on May 14 and has been detained the Pudong District Detention Centre in Shanghai ever since. In October, CSW reported that Zhang had been on a hunger strike in protest of her detention since the beginning of summer, with staff at the detention center force-feeding her as she refused to eat or drink anything. Recent reports indicate that Zhang remains on hunger strike, and there are serious fears for health and wellbeing. Additionally, CSW sources report that Zhang’s lawyer Wen Yu, who was only able to meet with her in September, is no longer responsible for her case. The reasons for this are unclear. CSW’s Founder President Mervyn Thomas said, “Once again CSW calls for the immediate and unconditional release of Zhang Zhan, who has now been detained for six months solely for reporting information of public concern. We are deeply concerned for Zhang’s health, and at reports that her lawyer has left her case. -
Sun Tzu and Modern Strategic Thought
2016-005 13 Jan. 2016 Sun Tzu and Modern Strategic Thought Deciphering Sun Tzu: How to Read The Art of War by Derek M.C. Yuen. New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 2014. Pp. xii, 214. ISBN 978–0–19–937351–2. Sun Tzu and the Art of Modern Warfare by Mark R. McNeilly. Updated edition. New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 2015 [orig. 2001]. Pp. x, 216. ISBN 978–0–19–995785–9. Review by Larry A. Grant, Charleston, SC ([email protected]). “You know you never defeated us on the battlefield,” said the American colonel. The North Vietnam- ese colonel pondered this remark a moment. “That may be so,” he replied, “but it is also irrelevant.” —Conversation in Hanoi, April 1975 1 This exchange captures the principal thesis of both books under review here. Specifically, the require- ments for success in war transcend the simple application of force, and Sun Tzu’s statement of them remains the most insightful. Strategic theorist Derek Yuen (PhD, Univ. of Reading) 2 maintains that, “despite its popularity in the Western world, The Art of War has rarely been understood correctly with due understanding of its Chinese context and Taoist roots.” Instead, readers see only “facile references to short one- to two- sentence axioms, aphorisms, and phrases...” (4). He means Deciphering Sun Tzu to open “new avenues for further research that can play an essential role in enhancing the Western understanding of Chinese strategy” (7); to that end, he emphasizes • the foundations of Chinese strategic thought and strategic culture, • the Tao Te Ching as a strategic text, • Lao Tzu’s place in Chinese strategic thought, • Chinese military dialectics, • the epistemology of Chinese strategy, • the “Easternization” of Western strategic thought, • the future direction of the study of Chinese strategic thought and culture, • a new general theory of strategy transcending the East and West. -
Rethinking Atomic Diplomacy and the Origins of the Cold War
Journal of Political Science Volume 29 Number 1 Article 5 November 2001 Rethinking Atomic Diplomacy and the Origins of the Cold War Gregory Paul Domin Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.coastal.edu/jops Part of the Political Science Commons Recommended Citation Domin, Gregory Paul (2001) "Rethinking Atomic Diplomacy and the Origins of the Cold War," Journal of Political Science: Vol. 29 : No. 1 , Article 5. Available at: https://digitalcommons.coastal.edu/jops/vol29/iss1/5 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Politics at CCU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Political Science by an authorized editor of CCU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Rethinking Atomic Diplomacy and the Origins of the Cold War Gregory Paul Domin Mercer University This paper argues that the conflict between nuclear na tionalist and nuclear internationalist discourses over atomic weapons policy was critical in the articulation of a new system of American power . The creation of the atomic bomb destroyed the Roosevelt's vision of a post war world order while confronting United States (and Soviet) policymakers with alternatives that, before the bomb's use, only a handful of individuals had contem plated. The bomb remade the world . My argument is that the atomic bomb did not cause the Cold War, but without it, the Cold War could not have occurred . INTRODUCTION he creation of the atomic bomb destroyed the Roose veltian vision of a postwar world order while confronting TUnited States (and Soviet) policymakers with a new set of alternatives that, prior to the bomb's use, only a bare handful of individuals among those privy to the secret of the Manhattan Project had even contemplated. -
The Select Methods of Investigations in Geostrategy and Geopolitics
Political Geography Studies in Central and Eastern Europe Oradea - Gdansk, 2000, pag. 23 - 30 THE SELECT METHODS OF INVESTIGATIONS IN GEOSTRATEGY AND GEOPOLITICS Jan WENDT* ABSTRACT: After the years of silence and after avoidance of geopolitical researches and its subdisciplines, a renascence of his knowledge has come out. In the latest past years, we can notice a conspicuous increase of interest in nearly all kinds of researches, which are made by political geographers including people who deal with geostrategical and geopolitical problems. When we talk about Poland we must say that the increased interest is a result of breaking a kind of taboo - taboo, which refereed to the works of this sphere. Firstly, that the works were connected with the Third Reich polities and propaganda, and secondly, because of the easy way of censorship explanation, very common while making controversial studies in Poland during communistic times. The past ten years were abounding in accidents connected with boarder's changes and changes of geopolitical and geostrategical circumstances. Also, this is a period of time when the USSR fell into pieces, the European Community came into being, the process of globalisation has been progressing, and equally, a strong separatist and national movements have been developing not only in Europe. So, it's natural that interest in those problems has been native. Leaving back the classical fields of political geography, for instance: electoral geography or ecopolitic, we can surly state, we are just victims of a dynamic investigate development. The development refers to the rest geopolitical ranges - geostrategy and geopolitics, in particular. Because of that fount, it seems to be useful to tide up some notions connected with there disciplines and indicate the basic exploring methods of the occurrences shown in geostrategical and geopolitical works. -
Coral Bell and the Classical Realist Tradition1
8. Coral Bell and the Classical Realist Tradition1 James L Richardson Like JDB Miller, I have known Coral Bell for half a century, having met her in London in 1955-56—I an intending graduate student, she already an established scholar at Chatham House. Later our paths crossed quite frequently, but we were direct colleagues only for a few years in the 1980s, in the Department of International Relations at The Australian National University. Her contributions to international relations are multifaceted, but I shall focus on three of her books on American foreign policy and Cold War diplomacy— each of them a significant and timely input into the scholarly discussion of the burning issues of the day. (It is easily forgotten how intense were some of the concerns, and how fierce some of the debates, in those years). The books in question—Negotiation from Strength (1963), The Conventions of Crisis (1971) and The Diplomacy of Detente (1977)—influenced my understanding of the issues at the time, when I was working on closely related topics. Returning to them, one is not only reminded of old debates but also rewarded with new insights.2 Negotiation from Strength offers a sparkling commentary on the 1950s: the decade during which the Cold War in Europe hardened into a rigid confrontation between two heavily armed military blocs, seemingly in perpetuity. At first sight, the diplomatic formula which provides the book’s title offered little more than a device for indefinitely deferring unwanted negotiations, but Bell shows that, on the contrary, the varied uses of the formula can serve to illuminate the potentialities for a more imaginative Western diplomacy during those years, and the reasons why this was not attempted. -
Atrocities in China
ATROCITIES IN CHINA: LIST OF VICTIMS IN THE PERSECUTION OF FALUN GONG IN CHINA Jointly Compiled By World Organization to Investigate the Persecution of Falun Gong PO Box 365506 Hyde Park, MA 02136 Contact: John Jaw - President Tel: 781-710-4515 Fax: 781-862-0833 Web Site: http://www.upholdjustice.org Email: [email protected] Fa Wang Hui Hui – Database system dedicated to collecting information on the persecution of Falun Gong Web Site: http://www.fawanghuihui.org Email: [email protected] April 2004 Preface We have compiled this list of victims who were persecuted for their belief to appeal to the people of the world. We particularly appeal to the international communities and request investigation of this systematic, ongoing, egregious violation of human rights committed by the Government of the People’s Republic of China against Falun Gong. Falun Gong, also called Falun Dafa, is a traditional Chinese spiritual practice that includes exercise and meditation. Its principles are based on the values of truthfulness, compassion, and tolerance. The practice began in China in 1992 and quickly spread throughout China and then beyond. By the end of 1998, by the Chinese government's own estimate, there were 70 - 100 million people in China who had taken up the practice, outnumbering Communist Party member. Despite the fact that it was good for the people and for the stability of the country, former President JIANG Zemin launched in July 1999 an unprecedented persecution of Faun Gong out of fears of losing control. Today the persecution of Falun Gong still continues in China. As of the end of March 2004, 918 Falun Gong practitioners have been confirmed to die from persecution.