May 10, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15349 of the park in any county which has in By Mr. MYERS (for himself, Mr. of 1964-, and submit a revised budget re force a valid zoning bylaw, and for other ESCH, Mr. FINDLEY, Mr. FLOWERS, Mr. quest for such activities for fiscal year 1974; purposes; to the Committee on Interior and F'UQUA, Mrs. GRASSO, Mrs. GREEN of to the Committee on Education and Labor. Insular Affairs. Oregon, Mr. HELSTOSKI, Mr. HIN By Mr. RANGEL: H.R. 7764. A bill to amend the Internal SHAW, Mr. HORTON, Mr. HUBER, Mr. H. Con. Res. 216. Concurrent resolution Revenue Code of 1954 to provide that con HUDNUT, Mr. HUNT, Mr. KEMP, Mr. expressing the sense of Congress that certain tributions to the Indoor Sports and Outdoor LANDGREBE, Mr. McKAY, Mr. MANN, economizing and tax reform measures shall Athletic Recreation Foundation shall be de Mr. MIZELL, Mr. MONTGOMERY, Mr. be taken to assure through a fiscally re ductible for purposes of the Federal income MOORHEAD of California, Mr. MURPHY sponsible Federal budget for fl.scal1974 effec and estate and gift taxes, and to create a of New York, Mr. O'BRIEN, Mr. tive action to promote national security, trust fund to receive contributions to such PARRIS, Mr. RARICK, and Mr. stable prices, tax justice, full employment, foundation which may be used to improve RHODES): quality education and health care, environ sports and recreational facilities; to the H.J. Res. 551. Joint resolution to author mental protection, safe and improved living Committee on Ways and Means. ize the President to issue a proclamation conditions in urban and rural areas, and By Mr. NELSEN (for himself, Mr. designating the week in November which in equal opportunity for all Americans; to the BROYHILL of Virginia, Mr. SMITH of cludes Thanksgiving Day in each year as Committee on Government Operations. New York, Mr. HOGAN, and Mr. "National Family Week"; to the Committee By Mr. DENHOLM: LANDGREBE) : on the Judiciary. H. Con. Res. 217. Concurrent resolution H.R. 7765. A bill to protect the health and By Mr. MYERS (for himself, Mr. RoB expressing the sense of Congress regarding welfare of the people of the District of Col INSON of Virginia, Mr. RoE, Mr. a Member's right to hold office if he or she umbia by providing a method of control of RoNCALIO of Wyoming, Mr. SARASIN, fails to be recorded on 75 percent of 300 con drugs, to strengthen existing law enforce Mr. SEBELIUS, Mr. SHRIVER, Mr. secutive votes; to the Committee on the ment authority in the field of drug abuse in SHOUP, Mr. J. WILLIAM STANTON, Mr. Judiciary. the District of Columbia, and for other STEIGER Of Wisconsin, Mr. THONE, purposes; to the Committee on the District Mr. VANDER JAGT, Mr. WALSH, Mr. of Columbia. WARE, Mr. WHITEHURST, Mr. WINN, MEMORIALS By Mr. CRONIN (for himself, Mr. GIL Mr. WoN PAT, Mr. YATRON, and .Mr. MAN, and Mr. MoAKLEY) : YoUNG of South Carolina): Under clause 4 of !'Ule XXII, H.J. Res. 548. Joint resolution providing for H.J. Res. 552. Joint resolution to author 202. The SPEAKER presented a memorial the orderly review of fee-paid oil import ize the President to issue a proclamation of the Legislature of the State of Oklahoma, licenses; to the Committee on Ways and designating the week in November which relative to a constitutional amendment relat Means. includes Thanksgiving Day in each year as ing to abortion; to the Committee on the By Mr. LONG of Maryland (for him "National Family Week"; to the Committee Judiciary. self, Mr. BYRON, Mr. GUDE, Mrs. HoLT, on the Judiciary. Mr. MILLS of Maryland, Mr. MITCH By Mr. PATMAN (for himself, Mr. ELL of Maryland, and Mr. SARBANES) : WIDNALL, Mr. BARRETT, Mr. ST GER H .J. Res 549. Joint resolution to authorize MAIN, Mrs. BOGGS, Mr. JOHNSON of PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS and request the President to designate the Pennsylvania, Mr. BRoWN of Michi Under clause 1 of rule XXII, private week beginning August 19, 1973, ending Au gan, Mr. J. WILLIAM STANTON, and Mrs. HECKLER of Massachusetts): bills and resolutions were introduced and gust 25, 1973, as "National Logistics Week"; severally referred as follows: to the Committee on the Judiciary. H.J. Res. 553. Joint resolution to amend section 1319 of the Housing and Urban De By Mr. BROYHILL of Virginia (by re By Mr. MYERS (for himself, Mr. AN velopment Act of 1968 to increase the lim quest): DERSON Of Illinois, Mr. ARENDS, Mr. itation on the face amount of flood insur H.R. 7766. A bill for the relief of Albert BAFALIS, Mr. BEVILL, Mr. BoLAND, ance coverage authorized to be outstanding; Fleischhaker; to the Committee on the Judi Mr. BRAY, Mr. BUCHANAN, Mr. BuR to the Committee on Banking and Currency. ciary. GENER, Mr. CARNEY of Ohio, Mr. DEL ByMr.ZWACH: By Mr. BURTON: CLAWSON, Mr. COLLINS, Mr. CONLAN, H.J. Res. 554. Joint resolution relating to H.R. 7767. A bill for the relief of Samuel Mr. CONTE, Mr. COUGHLIN, Mr. DAVIS the taking of the 1974 Census of Agriculture; Cabildo Jose; to the Committee on the Judi of Wisconsin, Mr. DAvis of Georgia, to the Committee on Post Office and Civil ciary. Mr. DENHOLM, Mr. DENNIS, Mr. DER Service. By Mr. MOORHEAD of California.: WINSKI, Mr. DUNCAN, Mr. EILBERG, By Mr. MATSUNAGA: H.R. 7768. A bill for the relief of Nolan and Mr. ERLENBORN): H. Con. Res. 215. Concurrent resolution; Sharp; to the Committee on the Judiciary. H .J. Res. 550. Joint resolution to authorize it is the sense of the Congress that the By Mr. BOB WILSON: the President to issue a proclamation desig President, in accordance with the policy of H.R. 7769. A bill for the relief of Dr. Peter nating the week in November which includes the United States established by law, should P. Toma; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Thanksgiving Day in each year as "National continue the Office of Economic Opportunity, By Mr. WRIGHT: administering and supervising the important H.R. 7770. A blll for the relief of Ramak Family Week"; to the Committee on the activities entrusted to that Office under the Judiciary. rishna Rao Palepu; to the Committee on the provisions of the Economic Opportunity Act Judiciary. EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS THE CHARLESTON GAZETTE, WEST the largest in our State, has been a VIRGINIA'S LARGEST NEWSPA cerpts were ordered to be printed in the strong, vigorous, and independent ad RECORD, as follows: PER, OBSERVES ITS lOOTH BIRTH vocate. DAY CHARLESTON (W. VA.) GAZETTE GAINS FmsT The Charleston Gazette is observing CENTURY MILESTONE its lOOth birthday. Life in West Virginia (By John G. Morgan) has changed in the past century, but the HON. JENNINGS RANDOLPH The Charleston Gazette, The State News OF WEST VIRGINIA principles which have guided publica paper, is 100 years old this month. tion of the Gazette remain strongly IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES The history of the newspaper began with anchored. Under Publisher W. E. Chilton establishment of the weekly Kanawha Chron Thursday, May 10, 1973 III, the third generation of his family to icle by Charles B. Webb in April of 1873. Mr. RANDOLPH. Mr. President, when hold that position, the Gazette retains a Publication was started at Kanawha our country was founded nearly two cen- position of journalistic leadership. Street (now Kanawha Boulevard) and Sum Mr. President, as part of its centen mers Street just three months after the first turies ago, the v.1lu~ of the free press train rattled through the city. was recognized. So critical was a free nial observance, the Charleston Gazette The so-called great fire of 1874, which press to our form of Government that published a comprehensive history of the consumed most of a city block, threatened strong provisions for the protection were newspaper, written by John G. Morgan, destruction of the newspaper when it was ir.cluded in our Constitution. The press a member of the staff who is widely less than a year old. today remains in the front line of the known for his articles and books on West • • • battle for American liberty and justice. Virginia history. The earliest available original copy of the Mr. President, for the past century I ask unanimous consent that excerpts Chronicle, found deep in the files of West the Charleston Gazette, published in of this unique and challenging history of Virginia University Library, is a seven column, four-page edition, dated May 12, the capital city of West Virginia, has the Charleston Gazette be printed in 1875. Page one items include a long letter been a diligent practitioner of the prin- the RECORD. from Gov. John Jeremiah Jacob, explaining ciples of a free press. This newspaper, There being no objection, the ex- why he was compelled to comply with the 15350 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 10, 1973 law requiring that the state capital be moved Uncle Joe was Joseph E. Chilton, a lawyer Capitol annex on the present site of the Na from Charleston to Wheeling that year. who pioneered in development of the Kana tional Bank of Commerce. • • wha Valley railroads and coal resources. • A full column advertisement on the back Joseph Chilton served as prosecuting attor The newspaper grew in prestige and in page states the central purpose of the news ney of Lincoln and Logan counties and was fluence for more than 42 years at 227 Hale paper in wordS that still could stand for the a lawyer for the Chesapeake and Ohio Rail St. The Gazette spirit ma ured and flour Gazette today. It says the Chronicle "will be way. In 1897, he joined his brother, W. E. ished there. devoted to news, politics and d.i.tfusions of Chilton (later a U.S. senator) a:nd William general intelligence. In politics it will be A. MacCorkle (who had just completed a William E. "Ned" Chilton Jr., born in 18:33, Democratic, liberal and progressive." term as governor) in the establishment of a son of the senator and graduate of Yale the law firm of Chilt.on, MacCorkle and University, became president of the Datry Chilton. Gazette Co. in 1922 and managing editor in On Nov. 1, 1876, the Chronicle showed its On .Jan. 29. 1907, the newspaper's name political colors by supperti.ng Democrat 1924. The old senator continued in the ro4e was formally changed to The Charleston of vice president and associate editor. Samuel J. Tilden, the loser in the famous Gnzet e. Hayes-Tilden campaign for the presidency. The younger Chilton wrote editorials in In an editorial, expressions of political pref a. straightforward, hard-hitting style. Un erence were combined with a suggestion that Edward B. Kenna was editor in 1911, with der his leadership, the Gazette firmly es more people should subscribe to the George W. Summers as the correspondent in tablished itself as a newspaper that read Chronicle. the Washi:ngton bureau of the Gazette. C. A. ily took the side of the underprivileged and In February of 1877, the Chronicle was Ashcraft became the newspaper's manager the needy. sold to James B. Pemberton, later mayor of in 1912. Charleston, and John W. Jarrett, a printer. Principal ownership of the newspaper by General growth of the Gazette at 227 Hale Pemberton, a native of Staunton, Va., was the Chilton family was formalized by the St. continued through the depression years. issuance of a state charter to Daily Gazette 27 years old at the time of the purchase. He Circulation climbed past the 50,000 mark in became a writer of wide reputation and in Co. on Sept. 25, 1912. Incorporators were 1937 as an expanding fleet of trucks delivered fluence. He served as mayor of Charleston Ashcraft, T. S. Cla:rk, W. A. MacCorkle, J. E. the newspapers in cities, towns and hinter from 1891 to 1893 and several terms as a Chilton and S. B. Chilton. lands of southern and center West Virginia. member of city council. In 1917, Chilton returned to Charleston From 1932 to 1956, with the newspaper in Under the ownership of Pemberton and as the publisher and active participant in the mainstream of state and national events, Jarrett, the name of the paper was changed the life of the newspaper. the Gazette published 51 extra editions. to Kanawha Gazette. Publication eontinued Early in the 19005, stabilizing influence Many carried big news about World War n at Kanawha and Summers Streets. entered the life of the newspaper in the form developments. of Robert L. Smith, who began his career For a long span of years~ the Gazette was as an errand boy of 10. rigidly Democratic in its support of major In 1884, Moses W. Donnally, a publisher He was made circulation manager by the and oil well producer, acquired an interest candidates for office. This policy was severely time he was 24 and later advertising manager tested in 1940 when Sen. M. M. Neely was 1n the paper and later purchased it from and business manager. Wben the newspaper Pemberton. the Democratic candidate for governor. was reorganized in the 1920s, he became The Gazette was bitterly opposed to the On July 23, 1884, with Donnally and Pem general manager, stoekholder and a member berton in the masthead as proprietors, the election of Neely. It chose to manifest its of the board of directors. position by remaining silent on the gover newspaper again showed its political colors Smith's tight control on the business end by supporting Grover Cleveland for presi nor's raee while supporting Roosevelt for a of the newspaper was real and legendary. third term. dent. It is said that some creditors wouldn't loan In 1956, the newspaper supported Cecil H. Unde1!' the Donnally ownership, the news the company money unless they could be Underwood i:n his successful run for governor. paper plant was moved to 15 Summers st. assured that Smith would take the respon and eventually to 79 Capitol St. Conversion This marked the first time in its history that sibility for repayment. the Gazette supported a Republican for to a daily publication, attempted briefly and In November, 1912, the newspaper plant high state office. discontinued in 1884, was effected alrout was moved from 22 Summers St. to 909 Vir 1888. In February, 1890, the name was ginia St. on property adjoining the South The Underwood breakthrough set a pat changed to the Daily Gazette. Side Bl'idge at its west or lower side. tern for the newspaper to take a close look The first available issue under the new A change in management was revealed at an candidates and to support them on name-, dated Feb. 27, 1890, shows Donnally their merits. With an things equal in a given Dec. 5, 1914, with this page one announce race, however, the endorsement would go to as publisher and proprietor, and Joseph Ruff ment.: ner as editor and George W. Summers as city "Beginning today _ .. Mr. Da:vid A. Jayne the Democrat. Thus, the Gazette held firmly editor. to the policy of an independent De-mocratic assumes general supervision and will assign newspaper. On Oct. 4, 1891, the Gazette declared itself a capable man to do local active manage to be the "only newspaper in the state out ment. Mr. (Leslie) Bayliss is retained at the • side of Wheeling that owns the Associated helm in the editorial rooms, with Mr. A. V. W. E. "Ned .. Chilton Jr., president of the Press franchise." Evans as city editor. Daily Gazette Co. for 28 years and ma:naging "Robert L. Smith continues as manager of editor of the newspaper for 26 years, died In the 1890s and early 1900s, the Gazette the circulation department and has charge unexpectedly on Sept. 21, 1950, at the age was published as a daily and weekly. The of ail foreign advertising, with Charles An of 56. 1899 city directory lists the Gazette Publish derson as the guardian of the local adver The younger Chilton, who did most of his ing Co. for both newspapers, with Lewis tising field . . . work at his South Hills home and preferred Baker, editor, at Quarrier Street, northwest On the following day, the Gazette said in to remain in the background during his later corner of Hale Street. a s~atement of dedication: years, was nevertheless a forceful personality Early in 1901, the newspaper again moved "To the earnes.t and consistent advocacy in the making of Gazette policy and tradi into the physical facilities of Donnally Pub of the principles of popular government as tions. lishing Co., this time in the 300 block of enunciated by the democracy oi Jefferson, The death of the editor-president brought Kanawha Street, with Donnany as manager. Jackson and Wilson. the Gazette, under its a significant change in the newspaper's power new management, dedicates itself anew. structure. It meant that, for the first time in For a time, under the roof of the Donnally "It pledges its unremitting efforts to fight about 40 years, the top position would be held company, the Gazette was offered as an after the battles of faith in the commonwealth of by someone other than a member of the Chil noon newspaper and the Charleston Mail as West Virginia and to lend its influence to ton Family. 2.. morning publication. the bringing about o1 social, political and In the reorganization, Robert L. Smith About 1902, the newspaper moved to a industrial eq1:1ality of opportunity for all the reached the top of his Horatio- Alger career location on the Kanawha River bank below citizenship of our atate and nation . ... by becoming publisher ru the newspaper and the old Ruffner HeteL Frequent floods in the president of its board of directors. basement forced a return to Summers street_ Fil•e reduced the Gazette plant by the At the same time, the colorful Frank A. The Chilton family acquired the newspaper South Side Bridge to a. mass of ruins on Knight, promotion manager by appointment in 19Q7. The story of the initial takeover by May 18, 1918. Walter Eli Clark, publisher of and instinct, became managing editor. the family is best told by Sam B. Chilton, the Charleston Daily Mall, immediately made Knight, a. former sports editor, involved the 87-year-old modern day ra.conteur. "One day Uncle Joe came into the living the resources of his newspaper available for paper In many crusades and public enter room and announced: continued publication of the Gazette. prises and found outlet for topical com " 'I have stopped the Gazette from talking For approximately three months in the mentary in a weekly corumn called "Today." about us.' summer of 1918, the Gazette was published Harry G. Hoffman became editor a.fter " 'Oh, you couldn't do that,' somebody with Man presses at 1000 Virginia. st. E., Knight died unexpectedly at the age of 48 said. just across the street from the present loca on Jnly 6, 1956, Hotfznan, with more than 44 •· 'Oh. yes I would; r bought it,' Uncle Joe tion of the Gazette and Mail. years of newspaper experience, continues as said.'• For its new home in 1918, the Gazette :pur editISRAEL-HERITAGE, LABOR, member of the Democratic national platform terms of total health manpower spend CONSECRATION committee in 1964. ing, the administration's fiscal year 1974 His interest in foreign affairs broadened budget request of $386 million represents wlth his participation in newspaper study a drop of nearly $300 million in only 2 HON. DON FUQUA missions. In 1962 he visited the Far East on OF FLORIDA an extended study tour, and in 1965 he took years. a similar trip to all Eastern European satel The reduced funding levels, combined IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES lites, except Albania. with new and harshly restrictive eligi Thursday, May 10, 1973 In the summer of 1968 he took a trip bility criteria for those students wishing around the world as a member of an Ameri Government scholarships and loans, will Mr. FUQUA. Mr. Speaker, Israel con can study mission. Most of the study con mean a substantially increased financial tinues to be threatened with neighbors centrated on the Soviet Union. burden not only on the students but on who boldly shout that their intent is to Like his father and grandfather, Chilton the institutions of health care training destroy this land completely. As Prime developed keen interest in the editorial side Minister Golda Meir once said on a visit of newspaper affairs, as opposed to the busi and education. If this trend is continued, ness side. As a liberal with strong opinions, medical education and training will be to Washington: he has a major role in the editorial writing available only to the wealthy. We have no place to run, we will not leave, and in the general editorial direction taken I recently received a letter on this sub this is our home. by the newspaper. The United States has been a faithful With the third generation Chilton as pub ject from Dr. Lamar Soutter, dean of the lisher, the Gazette continues to crusade at all University of Massachusetts Medical friend of the Israel nation. I am proud levels of government and in the area of pri School. Dr. Sautter's comments focus on of that contribution. vate business enterprise as it affects the pub three areas of the proposed health cuts: Yet, our contribution is really small lic interest. It explores reports and rumors of Scholarships and loans, research, and when we consider the toll in human crime and governmental corruption through construction. Because of the importance sacrifice that these brave people have its own investigative reporter. of this issue I would like to share the given to forge a nation out of the desert. It spotlights problems and makes recom It is a labor of love. It is a labor of mendations for reform in the fields of hu contents of Dr. Sautter's letter with my man rights, hospital care, mental health, en colleagues: dedication. It is a labor of consecra vironmental control and other vital areas. It Hon. ROBERT F. DRINAN, tion. usually expresses strong opinions on all House of Representatives, Cannon House Of The toils and tribulations are not over. major issues in domestic and foreign affairs. fice Building, Washington, D.C. There will be other days to test the MY DEAR MR. DRINAN: In reply to your strongest of wills. Mr. RANDOLPH. I commend the letter of April 24th, here are our problems But, the Israelis have proven their Charleston Gazette for its continued in with budget cuts for the coming year: worth. depth reporting, its investigative and 1. Scholarships and Loans This School was On this occasion of their 25th anniver analytical articles, and its robust edi particularly desig:p.ed to provide an educa sary, I extend the best wishes of men torial policy. tional opportunity for students from low in come families. !Jur tuition is $600, over $2000 of good will. Our greatest prayer is that less than at private schools. Over half of our you will be able to bring peace to the students are on loans and scholarships. This Middle East in the next decade and a fall we increase our enrollment by 40 stu half. PERSONAL EXPLANATION dents and will continue to increase it every There is so much you cow.ld contribute year to 1978. We are desperately short of to the development of ur-developed na money, yet the administration plans to phase HON. ANGELO D. RONCALLO out this program by 1975. tions, if but given half a chance. OF NEW YORK 2. Research We have a new, young faculty, Yours is a glorious heritage. My feel IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES many of whom are starting on their careers ing is that your future will only add to of teaching and research. It will be very dif that ancient story. Thursday, May 10, 1973 ficult for them to get grants to support their A dream from ages past is now a 25 Ml.\ RONCALLO of New York. Mr. research because of the cuts. Furthermore, year reality. Speaker, due to a longstanding commit we are told that the general research sup A home for the homeless-centuries of port grants which we use to provide "start restless traveling at an end, Israel is real ment in my district, I was unfortunately up" money for young investigators will be re unable to be present for Monday's vote and alive and well. duced and turned over to schools which have Today we pay tribute to a brave peo- 15352 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 10, 1973 ple. From barren soil they have forged a shock, assuring her she would be all education of the handicapped and vocational powerful nation, from arid ground they right. education. Flexibility to transfer funds Because of Joan's excellent health, among these areas would recognize differing have brought forth bounty to feed hun State needs. gry millions, from centuries of tradition strength, and training. Ml's. Dorothy Sir Question: How does the "Better Schools they have found the strength to resist mans of Kno-xville is alive today. Forget Act" differ from the "education special rev the powers that seek their destruction. ting her own :personal safety, Joan swiftly enue sharing" bill introduced in the last Israel is the homeland for the Jewish put her training and experience int.o session of Congress? people. Through the centuries, those of practice to save the life oi a fellow hu Facts: BSA is essentially .similar to the this magnificent religious faith have man being. I would like t.o take this op Administration's earlier proposal, but several been thrown from pillow to post. Often portrmity to commend Joan before my significant changes have been made: colleagues for her courageous actions. Under BSA funds for education of the dis they were persecuted by the very people advantaged would be distributed according to they had helped to make strong. We are indeed proud of her. a. poverty factor that takes into account fam One does not have to think very long ily size and urban-rural cost of living dif to come up with a list of names of Jew ferences. ish descent to know what a contribu New provisions have been added to focus tion they have made to America. In al BETTER SCHOOI.S ACT these funds more effectively where they are most every land in the world, they still needed. Neediest school districts ould have priority for funding. and funds would be live and when given the opportunity, HON. ALPHO ZO BELL concentrated on basic language and math make more contributions to the advance OF CALIPORNIA skills instruction. than ment of science and technology IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESEN'FATIVES While each governor would ordinarily des their numbers would reasonably dictates. ignate a State agency to administer the Act, For some, the return to a homeland Thursday, May 1(}, 1973 BSA specifies that where State law gives a was a necessity. They were virtual out Mr. BELL. Mr. Speaker, on March 20, particular agency responsibility, that agency casts in the lands in which they found at the re{}uest of the Secretary of HEW, would automatically be charged with admin themselves. For others, it was the ful istering the Act. I introduced the administration's educa The new bill broadens State flexibility by fillment of centuries of longing for a tion revenue sharing bill, known as the permitting States to transfer up to 100% of homeland. "Better Schools Act." Since a number the funds from the Supporting Services area Israel came into being a short time of questions have been raised about the to educat ion of the disadvantaged and the after one of history's worst persecutions bill since that time, I am taking this handicapped and vocational education. The of the Jewish people had ended. One opportunity to insert into the REcoRD a earlier version limited transfers out of tha' does not need to recount the horror that question and answer sheet prepared by area to 30% . these brave men and women, thousands the Office of Education to assist Members BSA contains no 10% set aside for use at upon thousands, at the hands of insane the discretion of the Secretary of HEW. in understanding H.R. 582.l: BSA does not call for the establishm~ni murderers during the World War II era. QUESTIONS AND Ji!ACTS ON THE BET'l'ER SCHOOLS of an advisory council to advise the Governor Now that period is past. ACT OF 1973 (H.R. 5823) on expenditures under the Act. Yet, dangers and frustrations still Question~ What is the purpose of the Presi Question: How much many would be avail exist. dent's proposal? able under the Better Schools Act? Facts: The basic purpose of the Better Facts: The President's budget request s Schools Act (BSA) is to provide a more ef $2.8 billion for FY 1974. The amount ac fective and :rational system for the distri tually distributed to the States would de MISS JOAN DAVIS COMMENDED FOR bution of Federal aid to elementary and sec pend on a. separate appropriat ions a.et each SAVING A LIFE ondary education. Ovel' the past decade Fed year. The Better Schools Act itself merely eral aid programs have proliferated to the specifies the terms under which Feden.l point that it is almost impossible for State funds would be distributed. HON. JOHN J. DUNCAN and local education agencies to coordinate Question: How does the bill a..c:sure that and concentrate Federal funds to meet their States and local school syst ems would not OF TENNESSEE own needs. There are dozens of categorical lose money in the transition to a new Fed IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES programs, each with its own maze of guide eral aid system as proposed in BSA? Faots: As far as the lru-gest single block of Thursday, May 10, 1973 lines, regulations, and reporting and ac counting requirements. money is concerned. the States are com Mr. DUNCAN. Mr. Speaker, I would The President's proposal would replace pletely protected. For their fiscal year 1974 like to recognize a young woman from my more than 30 State formula-grant programs disadvantaged allotment under BSA all district whose facility and unselfishness with a formula for the automatic distribu States and local school districts would re tion of aid in five broad national purpose ceive 100 percent of their FY 1973 allotment saved the life of a fellow citizen. for Title I of the Elementary and Seeon d Miss Joan Davis is a student at the areas: compensatory education for the dis ary Education Act (ESEA). Educat ion of the advantaged, education for the handicapped. disadvantaged accounts for $1.5 billion out University of Tennessee in Knoxville in vocational education. "impact aid" to school the field of physical education. She is of the $2.8 billion appropriation requested districts serving children who live on non for BSA in FY 1974. working her way through the university taxable Federal property, and supporting Question: Why not help the schools sim on the Federal student work-study pro services and materials. With few limitations, ply by funding existing programs at higher gram, and she has served with the YWCA States would have considerable flexibility on levels? as a volunteer for 4 years. Miss Davis how to use the funds within these areas. Facts: To pour more money into the same has much experience working at YWCA State plan requirements would be eliminat narrow categories would not do anything to swimming pools, and presently she is ed. Red tape would be drastically reduced. correct the inequities and d isparities in t he teaching swimming lessons and guarding Question: Is this a revenue sharing p:ro st:ructure of Federal ald. It would not deal swim periods in the evenings. p€>Sal, or is it grant consolidation? with the fundamental fiscal problem and On Tuesday, May 1, while guarding Facts: It is both. Its purpose is to con would not provide incentives to cha.nge solidate and simpli:fy Federal education state systems of equalization or taxation. the adult open swim, Miss Davis observed grant programs by giving each State- a share It would only perpetuate the prol!>lems ot that a woman who habitually floats on of the revenues o:r the United States. How accounting, reporting, and administr t ion her stomach had lost consciousness in ever, it would allow considerably more flexi that go with the multitude of categorical the pool. Joan quickly pulled the woman bility than a simple consolidation. It would programs which have been piled on top of from the water and revived her and sent give the States and l{)Calities complete au but rarely reinforced each other. BSA's ra her to the hospital alive. Finding the thorit y to develop programs which best meet tional structure for distribution of aid procedure of mouth-to-mouth resuscita their own educational needs in the five na would provide a sound basis for effective use tional-purpose areas. of funds appropriated in the future. tion was impossible because the woman's Question: If the States and local edUca Question: How would the Better Schools jaws had locked, Joan went to the mouth tion exercise such broad disCl"etionary power, Act be administered in a State? to nose procedure and then rolled her how can you be sure that Federal dollars Fact: The Governor would designate an over and gave her back pressure-arm lift would maintain national priorities? ag&ncy to receive BSA money unless State law emergency treatment. Joan continued Facts: BS!i funds for education of the dis already lodges responsibility for administer this process until the woman began adVantaged and for impact aid would go di ing Federal funds in the State educational breathing on her own. While waiting for rectly to local educational agencies (LEAs}. agency. The responsible agency would de the ambulance, Joan kept the victim qui The States would spend the bulk of remain velop a. plan fo11 allatmen.t of funds for the et and lying down to prevent further ing funds on the national priority areas of handicapped, vocational education and sup- May 10, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15353 porting services. The State could transfer up families. No transfer of funds out of this make t hat support available under a simple to 30 percent of handicapped or vocational area would be permitted, although funds authority. Funds could be used for any other funds, and 100 percent of supporting services could be transferred into it from other areas. services needed by a State, and State level funds, among themselves or to education Only districts providing services in poverty administration of the Act as well. of the disadvantaged. schools comparable to services in non-pov Question: What effect would BSA have on No money could be transferred out of edu erty schools would be eligible to receive funds non-public schools? cation of the disadvantaged. None could be Thus the concept of "comparability" now Facts: Children enrolled in non-profit non transferred into impact aid. found in Title I of ESEA would be retained. public elementary or secondary schools would Question: Would BSA increase bureaucracy States would set aside funds for improving be given an opportunity to participate, on an in State governments? the education of children of migratory work equitable basis with public school children, Facts: No. State personnel would no longer ers and neglected or delinquent children be in programs of education for the disadvan be needed for the "paper passing" of current fore passing money on to districts. A local taged and handicapped, vocational educa Federal programs, which call for preparation district with at least 15 percent of its total tion, and supporting services and materials. of voluminous plans and adherence to de school population, or 5,000 students, in pov However, title to and control of funds and tailed regulations and guidelines. Released erty would receive 35 percent of the State property would remain with public agencies. from these activities, State officials could expenditure per pupil for all pupils, or two If a State law prevents the State from serv devote more attention to technical assistance thirds of the national expenditure (which ing non-public school children, the Secre to local education agencies-just as the ever is higher) multiplied by the number of tary of Health, Education, and Welfare could reduction of paper work in Washington would poor children aged 5-17 in the district. Each provide equitable services to those children permit the Office of Education to step up district would have to concentrate its funds directly, deducting the cost from the State's technical assistance to States and local dis at the State entitlement rate in schools allocation. tricts. with the most educationally disadvantaged Question: Would BSA undercut the author pupila. State entitlement rates average $300 ity of State education authorities? per disadvantaged pupil. Facts: No. If an existing State education Children from low income families would HOW I CAN BE POLITICALLY agency has been responsive to educational continue to receive free or low-cost lunches EFFECTIVE needs and has demonstrated enlightened under Department of Agriculture programs. leadership there would be no reason to desig The school lunch programs which are pro nate another agency to administer BSA posed for inclusion in BSA are the basic State HON. CHALMERS P. WYLIE funds. To create an unnecessary parallel alloments included under Section 4 of the OF OHIO bureaucracy would violate the principles em School Lunch Act-which average 5¢ a meal IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES bodied in this proposal. Furthermore, the au across the country-and Sections 5 and 7 of thority to transfer funds among purposes the Child Nutrition Act, which aid States in Thursday, May 10, 1973 enhances the authority of the administering buying cafeteria equipment and meeting Mr. WYLIE. Mr. Speaker, Miss Dee agency. . State administrative expenses. It is proposed Dee Leonard, a senior at Dublin High Question: Why should the Governor be m that these programs be consolidated under volved? the supporting services and materials al School and a constituent of mine, is the Facts: As a principle of sound public ad location of BSA for use according to a State's recipient of the annual U.S. Government ministration, the Governor, as his State's educational priorities. Award presented by the Washington chief elected officer, should be consulted on Question: What effect would BSA have on Perry Township Women's Republican the expenditure of large amounts of funds the handicapped? Club. The essay which won Miss Leonard within his State. Under U.S. Office of Man Facts: The Better Schools Act consolidates the award deserves public dissemination agement and Budget Circular A-95, as re several separate formula grant authorities vised April 1, 1971, a Governor has 45 days to and I recommend it to all as food for aiding education of handicapped children. thought. review any Federally required plan. Several The President's 1974 budget request for BSA States already require clearance by their provides for a small increase in funds for this The essay follows: Governor's office for receipt of all Federal purpose over 1973 funding levels. Funds How I CAN BE POLITICALLY EFFECTIVE funds for education. would be available to States for programs (By Dee Dee Leonard) Question: Could a State transfer BSA and projects for preschool or any other edu "But I'm only in high school. What can funds arbitrarily from one area to another? cation level designed to meet the specific Facts: No. A transfer from one program to I do?" This is heard in high schools through needs of handicapped children. out America. But it is seldom said aloud, another could be made only as part of a Question: What effect would BSA have on State plan developed with wide public par and it is seldom answered. There are answers Vocational Education? to that question, but they must be searched ticipation and discussion. Such a transfer Facts: Funds now going into a variety of should then represent broad consensus that out and found. vocational programs would be available to We, as high school students, can be effec the program receiving more money required the States without any ear-markings or lim greater emphasis than another. tive. But we can only be effective if we wish itations. No matching would be required. to be. Action is the secret. We must not sit Question: Will organized interest groups Post-secondary programs of vocational or and the general public have an influence on back and wait for political opportunities to technical training could be supported as well come to us. We must look for the opportu the use oj BSA funds? as comprehensive and vocational high schools Facts: Certainly. The requirE}!'tlents for nities and then take advantage of them. For and technical centers. Youths and adults of they may never come our way again. broad public participation in the develop any age, in or out of school, would be eligi ment of State plans are designed to encour As a high school student, I feel that I can ble. (Non-vocational adult basic education be effective politically by taking an active age greater citizen participation in the re and high school equivalency education would vitalization of education. interest in politics. Not only in national pol be eligible for assistance under supporting itics, but also in state, community and school Question: Are there safeguards in BSA services.) against misuse oj Federal funds by the politics. There are many political issues and Question: What effect would BSA have on areas in which young people can be partic States? federally impacted school districts? Facts: Yes. The Act provides for the recov ularly effective. Facts: Districts enrolling children who live In school, campaigning for a candidate for ery of Federal funds if a State fails to com with a parent on Federal property would re ply substantially with its requirements for class president, running for Student Coun ceive 60 percent of their State's average per cil, or voting for homecoming queen, are all the protection of civll rights, for fair labor pupil expenditure. This money would be standards, and for proper accounting, record political opportunities. By taking part in passed through directly to these districts. school elections, I can become politically keeping, auditing, and reporting. No funds would be provided for children Question: How would civil rights be pro involved. Action is the key to involvement. whose parents are Federal employees but do And I cannot be politically effective if I am tected? not live on Federal property. Parents of these not politically involved. Fa.cts: Federal responsibilities in the field children pay the same property tax as any Before the Presidential election last fall, of civil rights will be maintained. BSA funds citizen. the Dublin High School speech classes spon would be covered by Title VI of the Civil Question: What effect would BSA have on sored a mock convention and election. For Rights Act of 1964 and Title IX of P.L. 92- supporting services and materials? those involved, the convention required d e 318, which together bar discrimination on Facts: Supp01·ting services and materials tailed study on the main issues at the time, the basis of sex, race, or national origin. Fed include textbooks, library resources, and edu such as Vietnam, amnesty, abortion, busing, eral monitoring and enforcement of these cational equipment; supplementary educa welfare, and others. Students made speeches tional centers and services, school pupil per laws would apply to all BSA funds expended before the entire student body which took sonnel services, adult education, and school weeks to prepare. The convention instilled in in the States. meals; the training or retraining of teachers, Question: What effect would BSA have on many of us a feeling of political importance teacher aides, and other school personnel, and involvement. We felt a sense of pride at the disadvantaged? and the strengthening of State and local edu Facts: Funds for the education of the dis working hard and knowing both sides of the cational agency planning capabilities. Sup political battle of 1972. Those of us who advan-taged would :flow directly to school dis port for these is currently available under a. tricts enrolling children from low 'income worked hard felt politically e1l'ective because variety of Federal programs; BSA would we had informed and educated our peers. 15354 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 10, 1973 In local and state politics, I can only be of their permanency and perseverance funds and services which presently originate effective if I am knowledgeable about the through many hardships and trials in in Washington but are subsequently lost in candidates and their platforms. If I am in their efforts to reach the goal of free the bureaucratic maze will be implemented formed, I can inform others. To be politically at the local level via Revenue Sharing. effective, my opinions must be well worked dom. Moreover, it is important to realize that out in my own mind before they can be Mr. Speaker, may I emphasize to the most OEO services are simply being trans logically presented to others. I must not be Members that, even though the present ferred to more capable agencies. Research wishy-washy or apathetic. I must hold firmly Government of Rumania occasionally activities in education, child care and health, to my own ideas, and at the same time, keep takes independent-sounding postures in for example, will soon be assumed by the De an open mind to the ideas of others. foreign affairs, in domestic policies they partment of HEW. The Department of Labor Being informed with national politics, can have maintained absolute rigid Commu Will begin to oversee "manpower experimen make me effective too. By knowing about nist doctrine. The people of Rumania tation" which is presently carried out by the candidates, not just of them, I can form OEO. Housing research will be meshed with my opinions, and present them to others. To arc, in fact, being deprived of many fun the activities of the Department of Housing be politically effective I must stay well in damental rights. and Urban Development. formed all the time. Not just during election Federal support for social service programs, years. I should keep up with the current overall, will be continued at an equivalent or events and watch public react ions to the higher level of expenditures in fiscal year issues of the day. PHASING OUT OEO 1974. Volunteers are needed on all levels of noli Many worthwhile programs which may at tics. Door-to-door campaigning, answering first appear to have been eliminated or cur telephones, and addressing mail are all vol HON. CARLOS J.MOORHEAD tailed will, in fact, be funded by or trans unteer jobs that can expose us to politics at ferred to other agencies and will continue its best. The educational value of volunteer OF CALIFORNIA under more effective administration than work should not be taken lightly. Volunteers IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES before. are an important part of every campaign. Thursday, May 10, 1973 All of this substantiates the administra And those who give of their time, talents, tion's claim that it is not out to give the ax and energy are certainly politically effective. Mr. MOORHEAD of California. Mr. to the poor, but to give the ax to the bureauc Last fall I had the opportunity to do vol Speaker, on April 2, 1973. I wrote an racy. unteer campaigning for the President. article for the Pasadena Star-News. The During the present administration this Those people I contacted were interested in subject of the article was the changes country has spent the largest percentage of what I had to say. They gave me their ttme that are occurring at OEO. its annual budget on human needs in over because I was a young volunteer giving my twenty years. In the current fiscal year-a time. They were surprised at my interest and Since the article appeared, I have been year in which the President is weeding out enthusiasm. It was a wonderful experience, asked by many individuals for reprints. ineffective domestic programs-that per and I was proud that I could help the presi At this time I would like to have the ar centage is even higher than last year. dential campaign effectively. ticle printed in the RECORD: It is the Congress which has the respon Young people can be effective. And many PHASING OUT OEO sibility to continually review existing pro grams and guage their effectiveness. This is a are. More and more, the youth are being (By Representative CARLOS MOORHEAD) given responsibilities and opportunities to responsibility which the Legislative Branch get involved. I think we are living up to the There are few issues as confusing, and has not wholly fulfilled in past years. Per challenge of politics. And we are being po subject to varied interpretation, as President haps that is why programs such as OEO have litically effective. Interest, action, and in Nixon's attempts to re-define federal activi been allowed to survive, and grow, despite volvement. These are the keys. ties in the social-program area. It is an issue their failure. These past mistakes must be in which logic has unfortunately taken a corrected. back seat to emotion. As a member of Congress, I feel that it is The heart of the controversy involves the the Legislative's responsibility to prevent Nixon administration plans to dismantle the similar mistakes from emerging in the INDEPENDENCE OF RUMANIA Office of Economic Opportunity. The Presi future. dent has taken this course of action because OEO has proven to be a colossal failure. De spite admirable goals, all available evidence HON. EDWARD J. DERWINSKI points to the unmistakable fact that the METHOD OF TRANSLATION OF ILLINOIS poor do not receive either the funds or the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES services which they are supposed to receive. HON. BOB WILSON President Nixon is attempting to change Thursday, May 10, 1973 this. He is not attempting to eliminate the OF CALIFORNIA Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, I wish services which are currently made available IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to direct the special attention of the to the poor. He is attempting to re-define the Thursday, May 10, 1973 Members today to a historic event implementation of these services. Too many people assume that just because a program Mr. BOB WILSON. Mr. Speaker, the which is commemorated by Rumanian originates in Washington, it is an effective patent application of Dr. Peter P. Toma, Americans, that of the traditional inde program. This is a dangerous assumption. serial No. 176,672 filed August 31, 1971, pendence of Rumania and the founding Experience has shown us that the Federal is directed to a method for translation of the Kingdom of Rumania. bureaucracy . in the nation's capital has in fact often obviated efficiency. And yet many between source and target natural lan May I remind the Members that on guages using a programable digital May 10, 1877, during the turmoil of the members of the Congress and members of the press have lambasted President Nixon because computer system. Each of the claims are Russo-Turkish War, the principality of so restricted. Rumania, until then nominally a vassal of his efforts to phase out OEO. It is a genu ine shame that politics so often colors the The Gottschalk v. Benson and Tabbot of the sultan, proclaimed her indepen judgment of many legislators who choose to case (409 U.S. 63, 34 L.Ed. 2d. 273; 93 dence and severed her ties with the Ot perpetuate tired and worn out programs S. Ct. 253, November 1972) involved a toman Empire. The Rumanian Army, as even though they have proven to be inef different fact situation. As stated by the an ally of Russia, fought for its inde fective. Supreme Court: pendence on the battlefields south of the What must be discovered is the best way the most efficient and fair way-to adminis Here the "process" claimed is so abstract Danube and played a significant role in and sweeping as to cover both known and defeating the Turkish forces. ter to the needs of the nation's poor people. The answer, I firmly believe, is not to look unknown uses of the BCD to pure-binary Another 4 years elapsed after the Ru towards Washington, but instead to look to conversion. The end use may ( 1) vary from manian people proclaimed their inde wards the states and localities wherever pos the operation of a train to verification of pendence and a further step was then sible. This is also the judgment of the Nixon drivers' licenses to researching the law books taken when they raised their country to Administration. for precedents and (2) be performed through the rank of a kingdom. On May 10, 1881, In a message to Congress last August, the any existing machinery or future-devised Charles I was crowned, by the will of his President said "One fundamental thrust of machinery or without any apparatus. people, King of Rumania, and a pros my administration has been to develop The Toma claims differ in that they perous era, which lasted over six decades, power-to-the-local-people programs under are restricted to a particular use, name which local officials-who know the local opened for the nation. scene best-are given funds and the freedom ly, converting between source and tar During all those years and up to the to allocate those funds as local conditions get natural languages using a pro present time, Rumanians have cherished suggest, with a minimum of federal red tape. gramable digital computer and there and reversed the 1Oth of May as their and regulations." fore are restricted to a particular art or national holiday. It remains the symbol Consistent with this belief, many of the technology. May 10, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15355 SOVIET JEWRY ties to free myself and my family also. It the Environmental Advisory Committee will be only in a month. and with the aid of numerous volunteers, AG. Is there any way we can help you? IG. I think I can't see any way. It is im each day was given significance in the HON. GILBERT GUDE overall Earth Week theme. At this time, OF MARYLAND possible to provide somebody with such an enormous sum. We must appeal to the au I would like to submit for inclusion in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES thorities both. the RECORD the program undertaken in Thursday, May 10, 1973 AG. Right. Naugatuck. I commend it to my col AD. We will try to help as much as we leagues as an agenda any community Mr. GUDE. Mr. Speaker, despite rum can from this end. could well adopt for future Earth Weeks blings from the Soviet Government that IG. Thank you very much on behalf of or at any other time. the emigration tax has been suspended, myself, of my wife, of all my relatives, of The program follows: we continue to witness harsh treatment all my friends. of Jewish citizens in Russia. Although we RZ. How old are you? NAUGATUCK, CONN. CELEBRATES EARTH WEEK have received information that some IG. I !l.m 26. To assist the nation in making "Earth RZ. Does you brother and father live with Week" a success, The Environmental Advi people have been allowed to leave the ycu? sory Committee of Naugatuck, Conn. started Soviet Union without paying this "ran IG. Yes. to make plans for two months before. som " the situation is still quite clouded. RZ. And your father? The results are as follows: It ~ my sincere hope that the Soviet IG. Just in the same fiat. He (my brother) MONDAY, APRIL 9 CLEAR AIR DAY is 15 years old. Union would provide official, formal evi Was coordinated by Mr. Richard Hupprich. dence that the tax has been suspended AD. Your wife is working now? IG. Yes. She graduated from the same uni- To encourage young adults to walk or ride permanently. a bicycle to school, which includes a 5 mile versity I was expelled from in 1968. As illustration of the continuing har AD. What are you doing? walk, started at 6:45 a.m. assment, I would like to share with mY IG. I am working as a worker now. Local dignitaries joined in the "walk". colleagues the following telephone con AD. I see. We will do whatever we can from TUESDAY. APRIL 10 EDUCATION ON ECOLOGY versation which took place between the this end to help you. A tour through the production facilities Soviet Jewry Committee of Temple IG. Thank you very much. We are touched of Peter Paul Candy Co. was arranged for Emanuel, Kensington, Md., and Igor greatly by your support. I need nothing from our E.A.C., Youth for Ecology, Mr. William Goldfarb, a 26-year old Soviet Jew who you but your support in appealing to the au Delaney, and the Mayor. wishes to emigrate to Israel. Mr. Gold thorities to free us of that great tax. In the evening, Mr. Delaney, Information RZ. Have you been given permission to Director of the Department of Environmen farb and his family have been assessed a leave already? tal Protection of the State of Connecticut, "tax" of 16,000 rubles. IG. No. No, I have not appealed yet. But it appeared on the local radio station W.?.W.W. The courage of this man in the face will be in a month, I think. for their "Open Mike" program, in wh1ch any of harassment by the authorities may AD. Did you know we have been trying to listener may call in and ask questions. serve as inspiration to us all to continue get in touch with you for three weeks? Do WEDNESDAY, APRIL 11 SCHOOL CLEAN UP the struggle for freedom for these peo you know that we have tried to call you on Coordinated by Mr. Robert Humiston. Each ple. the telephone? Do you know that we have school in Naugatuck will at some time dur TELEPHONE CONVERSATION tried? ing their classes, dismiss a period to devote it ALAN DRATTELL. Hello Igor? Is this Igor IG. Now, I know. Thank you. to cleaning up their own school grounds. AD. We will continue to call you as often Goldfarb? as we can. Plastic bags were distributed ahead of time IGOR GOLDFARB. I am speaking. for the tra.sh. AD. Igor, this is Alan Drattell. IG. It will cost you much, I think. AD. We will call you again as soon as we THURSDAY, APRIL 12 2,000 LEAFLET IG. I am glad to hear you, Mr. Drattell. DISTRIBUTION AD. I am very happy to hear you. can. In the meantime, we will do whatever IG. I am also very happy to hear your we can from this end to help you. A special "flyer" was developed by the IG. Thank you very much. We are touched E.A.C. and passed out to residents at our voice. I have just received your letter greatly. today and from Robert (Zassler) also, today. area supermarkets. It introduced our com Thank you for your warm wishes and your AD. Bob, do you have anything else? mittee, commission, phone numbers. Also kind concern to our problem. RZ. No, I don't think so, except that we where and how to bring paper and glass for are going to keep writing you. We are going AD. Mr. Zassler is on the other phone. recycling at our recycle center. ROBERT ZASSLER. Hello, Igor, this is Robert to send you another letter that will have FRIDAY, APRIL 13 CLEAN WATER STRE!.T something that you will want. Zassler. With the cooperation of Uniroyal, they IG. I am glad to hear you, dear Robert. I IG. I think it is better to write everything in the letter because I do not hear you very cleaned the very unsightly area of Water have received your letter today. well. Street, one of our more traveled streets in RZ. Do you know when you are going to town. the warmer climate? AD. Igor, we will say goodbye now and will speak to you again sometime in the weeks SATURDAY, APRIL 14 RID-LITTER DAY IG. I am sure I am going to go. There is ahead. many difficult problems. You know about A paper collection was sponsored by the IG. Thank you. Remember us to all our Distributive Education Club under Mr. Rob the enormous tax we must pay. Our family friends. needs about 16,000 rubles, for example. ert Copley. In addition, glass objects were RZ. Igor, I have sent you a package. I AD. Yes. We are doing that. Say hello to also collected. think you should get it within a month. It your wife and to your brother for us. A general clean up of areas in the town IG. To all of your family, good luck. Bye, were assigned not only to volunteer personnel has several dresses in there; clothing. bye. Good luck. IG. Thank you. I hope I shall receive it. I but the 16 Boy Scout Troops. AD. Shalom. In addition, this day was set aside for shall write to you at the moment I receive it. IG. Shalom. AD. Igor, we are also planning to send you planting. Over 500 dogwood, cherry, and some packages. In my letter, I asked you for flowering crab trees were distributed to resi your clothing sizes. What size suit and shirt dents who had purchased the trees at whole do you wear? What sizes does your wife wear? sale prices. This effort was coordinated by the IG. I am afraid I was not following you. NAUGATUCK, CONN., CELEBRATES Beautification Committee under the direc AD. Someone will speak to you in Russian. EARTH WEEK tion of Anna Lee Van Allen. (Translation into Russian by Alex Gakner.) The following events also took place but IG. Thank you. I am touched really. Surely were not scheduled: you needn't worry about such details as HON. RONALD A. SARASIN The painting of our building and fence at clothing. We have some great aims and you OF CONNECTICUT our recycle center by the Youth for Ecology. A large flowering crab tree was planted by needn't worry about such details as cloth IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ing. We are looking forward to our meeting the Park Department as a donation by the in Erets (Israel) . Thursday, May 10, 1973 P.T.A. Council of Naugatuck. ALEX GAKNER. 'What are your chances? You A dogwood tree donated by Wayside Gar mentioned the tax. How are you coming Mr. SARASIN. Mr. Speaker, Nauga dens, Inc., of Mentor, Ohio was planted in along in that? Is anything moving? tuck, Conn., a forward looking and pro Goodyear Park. It will be known as the IG. I am not getting the meaning, you see. gressive municipality in my district, re FREEDOM TREE, in honor of the released cently celebrated Earth Week 1973, with P.O.W.'s. AG. You mentioned you need 1(3,000 rubles. Other volunteers included the Street De IG. Yes, sure. an imaginative 7-day program which partment, Park Department, the U.S. Army AG. Are you getting it someplace? could serve as a model for other com Corps of Engineers and the Stokes Paint IG. I do not know the sources where I munities around the Nation. Under the Store, who donated paint and brushes. can get them. I shall appeal to the author!- chairmanship of Mr. Arthur Carlson of Because of their training schedule, the 15356 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 10, 1973 National Guard participated in this program DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA CON need in the District of Columbia which on April 28-29. TROLLED SUBSTANCES ACT OF has been met by the State legislatures in We received tremendous publicity from the Naugatuck Daily News and area papers and 1973 the neighboring jurisdictions and is sim our own secretary, Marilyn Hanlon, played ilar to the laws of the majority of the an important role in this job. Radio station HON. ANCHER NELSEN States. W .O.W.W. also played tapes for two weeks I urge my colleagues in the House to of local dignitaries who talked about ecology. OF MINNESOTA support this piece of legislation. Our program was not intended or did not IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES accomplish the problem of cleaning up all Thursday, May 10, 1973 of Naugatuck in one week, but this was an effort to try and educate the young and the Mr. NELSEN. Mr. Speaker, I have in CONGRESSMAN DRINAN REPORTS old not to litter and not to be as careless as troduced a bill today, cosponsored by before. ON MEDICAL EDUCATION ANDRE Congressmen JOEL T. BROYHILL of Vir SEARCH This one week, took hours of planning, ginia, HENRY P. SMITH of New York, and hours on the phone, hours writing letters, but it was worth it all. Thanks to our En EARL F. LANDGREBE of Indiana, entitled vironmental Advisory Committee. the District of Columbia Controlled Sub HON. ROBERT F. DRINAN ART CARLSON, stances Act of 1973. The purpose of this OF ~SSAC~SETTS Chairman, Earth Week. bill is to protect the public health and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES safety by providing for the District of Columbia certain narcotic depressant Thursday, May 10, 1973 and hallucinogenic drug laws which con Mr. DRINAN. Mr. Speaker, few con RESULTS OF ARCHER OPINION form with and complement the Federal cerns are more important to every citizen POLL law and is similar in most respects to the than the quality and availability of laws of many States. health care. Providing quality health HON. BILL ARCHER The dimension of seriousness of the care is an immensely complex challenge, OF TEXAS drug problem in the Nation's Capital to requiring a committment not only to the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES day can best be illustrated by data re daily needs of millions of Americans, but leased in 1972 to the effect that there are also to the long-term requirements of Thursday, May 10, 1973 more than 20,000 addicts in the city and research and training. In recent years Mr. ARCHER. Mr. Speaker, each year that the drug addicts are reported to the Federal Government has been a key since coming to Congress I have ma.iled have stolen well in excess of one-quarter participant in the rapid growth of medi to the citizens of the Seventh Congres million dollars in property in each year cal knowledge and health care services. sional District of Texas a questionnaire since 1970. In addition, the addicts are Govemment sponsored and subsidized concerning many of the significant is estimated to be purchasing almost $125 health programs can be credited with sues confronting the Congress and the million in heroin since 1970, and well substar; tial contributions to the signifi Nation. over 50 percent of the persons admitted cant improvements that have character More than 60,000 constituents par to the District of Columbia Jail since ized health care in the last decade. ticipated in the most recent poll, mailed 1970 are reported to have been deter Medical education and research are a earlier this year. I believe that this large mined to be narcotic users. In 1970 alone, critical component of the continuing response indicates that the people in 82 persons in the District died from an quest for improved health care. Yet ad my district are deeply concerned about overdose of drugs. ministration proposals now before Con the problems facing our country. So that The seriousness of the problem in the gress would cripple the medical education other Members may see the results of District is also reflected in the number and research programs that have sup the poll, I hereby submit them for in of criminal charges brought about by vi ported the medical education institutions clusion into the RECORD: olation of Federal and local drug laws in of our Nation and have resulted in the QUESTIONNAIRE RESULTS, SEVENTH DISTRICT OF the District of Columbia, inasmuch as training of many competent physicians TEXAS, CONGRESSMAN BILL ARCHER they have climbed from 1,077 in 1968 to and medical scientists and educators. 1. Do you favor a Constitutional Amend well over 6,000 in 1971-a six-fold in I feel privileged to have recently re ment to permit passage of State laws rein crease in a little over 3 years. ceived a statement on this subject from stating capital punishment? The problems associated with the use Dr. Ephraim Friedman, dean of the Bos · Yes, 83.0% ; No, 15.1 %; No response, 1.9 %. of drugs are sufficiently serious and ton University School of Medicine, Dr. 2. Do you favor strong economic and diplo damaging to the Nation's Capital and its Friedman focuses on the proposals to se matic sanctions against those countries that residents such that a unified approach to verely restrict eligibility for Federal provide a haven for hijackers? medical school scholarships, the proposed Yes, 92.9 %; No, 5.3 %; No Response, 1.8% . the subject of drug control which com 3. Should the United States provide eco plements the Federal efforts is of critical termination of the National Institutes of nomic assistance for the rebuilding of North interest to the well-being of this Federal Health research grant program, and the Vietnam? City. general effects of the proposed budgetary Yes, 16.3 % ; No, 80.5 % ; No Response, 3.1%. This subject was more comprehensive reductions upon medical schools, their 4. Should a newsman be required to testi ly covered in the report of the Commis faculty, medical st111dents, and the over fy in federal court and disclose his sources all quality of hPalth care services. of information on matters that jeopardize sion on the Organization of the Gov I believe Dr. Fri~dman's views to be the national security? ernment of the District of Columbia, Yes, 57.8% ; No, 38.7 %; No Response, 3.5 %. which was filed with the Speaker of the remarkably penetrating and forceful, and 5. Do you favor amnesty for those who House on August 17, 1972. And, while I urge my fellow colleagues to study them left this country to avoid the draft? legislation such as that contained in this carefully: Yes, 14.9 % ; No, 83.3%; No Response, 1.7%. bill is not specifically recommended in TESTIMONY OF DR. EPHRAIM FRIEDMAN 6. Do you favor legislation to put the Postal the Commission's report, this bill does One of the purposes of this hearing, as I Service back under Congressional control? in fact attack the problem and provides understand it, is to elicit from the deans of Yes, 43.3 %; No, 49.5 % : No Response, 7.2 %. the medical schools of this region the impli 7. Would you approve U.S. diplomatic rec a solution to the problem as discussed in the report and is consistent with the cations of the recent cutbacks in federal ognition of the Castro government in Cuba? support of health programs as they relate Yes, 47.6 % No, 48.3 %; No Response, 4.1 % . recommendations of that Commission, to the educational, research, and service mis 8. Do you agree with the President's fed which has been referred to by the Presi sions of the schools. If it is the short-term eral spending ceiling in order to prevent dent as the Nelsen Commission. implications which you seek to discover your higher taxes or inflation? The effect of this bill, when enacted, purpose would, in my opinion, be better Yes, 83.0 % ; No, 13.8%; No Response, 3.2% . will be to repeal present local drug con served by inquiring of those responsible for 9. As a partial solution to the energy crisis, trol legislation in the District and replace the current health budget. They knew would you use a mass transit system to travel it with a single modern statute which is exactly what they were about; their goals to and from work? in line with, and complementary to, the have been either explicitly stated or are so Yes, 64.8 % ; No, 30.7 %; No Response, 4.5 %. implicit in the philosophy of the budget 10. Would you support Congressional action Federal Comprehensive Drug Abuse, that any litany of the short-term implica to authorize commencement of construction Prevention, and Control Act, which was tions would amount to little more than of the Alaskan Pipeline? passed by the Congress in 1970 (Public acknowledgement that the goals of the cur Yes, 76.9%; No, 18.0% ; No Response, 5.1 % . Law 91-513). This bill fills a legislative rent administration are being met. May 10, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15357 It takes little imagination to anticipate facets of our health care system, including mediate construction of the trans the effect of a drastic reduction in federal its cost, I have heard no one argue that the Alaska pipeline. May I commend this scholarships. Students of minority groups doctor's education is not being put to a resolution to my colleagues who take an and lower socio-economic levels who are socially worthwhile use. interest in labor? understandably more reluctant than others Paradoxically, medical students perennially Needless to say, construction of a trans to undertake a large indebtedness wlll be complain that their tuition is spent on re selectively discouraged from embarking upon search; the NIH worries that its research dol Alaska pipeline will provide jobs for careers in medicine. It matters little that we lars are being diverted to education or patient American workers-an estimated 10,000 at the Boston University School of Medicine care; and Medicare and Blue Cross/Blue will be directly employed which will in have embarked upon a long-term program Shield are convinced that they are being rob turn generate 26,000 additional jobs. to raise the standard of health care in Bos bed by medical school deans who are divert The resolution follows: ton's ghetto by recruiting talented students ing funds to either medical education or re STATEMENT BY THE AFL-CIO EXECUTIVE from the South End and Roxbury. Our search. The irony of the situation is that credibility wlll be lost when we are forced they are all getting a bargain and do not COUNCIL ON ALASKA PIPELINE to renege on our commitment to support recognize it. They appropriately insist on a It is tragic that while the United States is them, at least in part, with scholarship aid. cost accounting, but how do I cost account facing an energy crisis, including shortages It is an opportunity which will be irrevoca the time spent by a faculty member who is of petroleum products, one of the largest bly lost. treating a patient with a medical student on reserves of petroleum-Alaska's North The termination of the training grant pro his left side, a house officer on his right and Slope-remains undeveloped. gram because of alleged abuses will have a research trainee behind him? He is per At a time when the U.S. is forced to in the obvious and, in my opinion, intended forming many activities, patient care, re creasingly rely on oil imports-with resultant result of steering a small number of talented search, training of medical students, house loss in American jobs, damage to this coun and motivated medical students and house officers, and research trainees at a fraction try's balance of trade and potential threat officers away from academic careers towards of the cost of performing these tasks sepa to national security-development of Alaskan the private practice of medicine. Once de rately; and he is doing them better in an en oil reserves is blocked by outdated right-of stroyed, these training programs will, in my vironment that permits them to be done way requirements and environmental con opinion, be gone for a good long time. Many simultaneously. The education of medical cerns, some real and some imagined. of the faculty will have dispersed and one is students without patients would be impos The fastest, most economically feasible not going to be able "to put Humpty Dumpty sible; to be taught largely by voluntary fac and most secure method of transporting together again". ulty who did not have the responsibility to Alaskan oil to the burgeoning American mar Junior medical school faculty are being care for the patient would deprive him of the kets is by pipeline to Valdez and by tanker hardest hit. Having been lured into academic most important lessons he could learn from to West Coast ports. medicine by currently disappearing training a medical teacher-what it means to have the Jobs for American workers would be gen grant funds, they have turned towards the responsibility for the health of another erated not only in building the pipeline and NSF and NIH for research support, only to human being. To remove from this environ related plant construction, but also in main find research grants essentially limited to ment the intellectual stimulation and the taining it and in manning the transship established investigators. General research critical application of the scientific rules of ment facility at Valdez. Approximately 33 support grants, designed as start up as evidence associated with research would be a new U .S.-fiag tankers would be needed to sistance for junior faculty, have been all but serious loss. To remove research from the carry the oil, thus stimulating employment phased out. clinical environment and to relegate it to the in U.S. shipyards and for U.S. shipboard Senior faculty are now wary of taking risks laboratory would put medical research back workers. in their research and are being pushed into into the middle ages when it was a sterile, However, the key to transshipment is con "targeted" instead of basic research. Deans pedantic, irrelevant type of intellectual mas struction of the Alaskan pipeline, and con are loathe to embark upon innovations in turbation. struction of the pipeline depends on Con educational or health care delivery programs It is my firm conviction that the selective gressional action to give the Secretary of the in the current capricious "here today-gone attack on the educational component of the Interior legal authority to grant the right-of tomorrow" climate of federal funding. Full health care system is due to the anti-intel way. time faculty are likely to be replaced by lectualism of the present administration. Congressional action is also necessary to voluntary faculty with a potential decrease There is also a degree of political cowardice legalize many oil and gas pipelines in all in quality of teaching and patient care. Mo in attacking a vulnerable, relatively small, regions of the country which, as a result of mentum has been lost. Federal credit and impoverished, but vital part of the health a recent court decision, are technically il credibility are at an all time low. care system while ignoring the most import legal. Unless legal remedy is provided, these It is generally acknowledged that medical ant health problem facing this country-the pipelines could be enjoind and the jobs of schools were encouraged to enlarge their absence of universal entitlement or national many workers endangered. classes by the leverage exerted by the capita health insurance. Senator Henry M. Jackson, chairman of the tion portion of the Health Manpower Train Sooner or later, some type of universal en Senate Interior Committee, has sponsored ing Act of 1971. Essentially, no incremental titlement to health care will become the law legislation (S. 1081) that would solve the funding was provided, but previous institu of the land. It is long overdue; but when it right-of-way program while providing very ~ional grants were repackaged and made con does come we will be forced as never before tough environmental safeguards and strin tingent upon significant increases in enroll to come to grips with problems which we gent liability requirements for damages ment. Now that enrollment has been in should be working on now-new health ca caused by the pipeline. AdditionallJ·, the bill creased, promised support is being with reers, redistribution of health personnel, would insure that the Alaskan oil reserves drawn. We played this federal shell game health education of the public, integration are used in America's domestic mar..tets. We with reluctance and now that we have lost of a fragmented, pluralistic health care de urge immediate enactment of S. 1081 to elim we will have to be excused if we appear to be livery system, and research to prevent disease. inate a legal obstacle to construction of somewhat cynical. If we don't begin to solve these problems, the Alaskan pipeline which we whole But, when all is said and done, medical universal entitlement will bankrupt this Na heartedly favor. schools will survive; survival is the name of tion. It is my personal conviction that when Enactment of the Jackson bill would leave the game for any institution, 80 % of whose we do reorder our priorities such that we one hurdle to construction of the pipeline budget is derived from federal sources. But make a commitment to solve these problems, a court challenge to the environmental im survival for what? To return to the era when the current federal budgetary actions which pact study conducted by the U.S. Depart a medical education was the privilege of the we are discussing today will be viewed in ment of Interior in accordance with the Na progeny of the wealthy? To return to the era retrospect as the equivalent of the proverbial tional Environmental Policy Act. This ques of "diploma mills," of largely voluntary "spitting into the wind". We may save a few tion now properly reverts to the courts where faculty led by obsequious deans too timid to tax dollars for ourselves but we will have a decision should be rendered without delay. innovate or insist upon high standards of shortchanged our children by not investing Various routes through Canada to the Mid education or patient care for fear of offend in their future. west have been proposed as alternatives to ing students who paid tuition, faculty who the Alaskan pipeline. But this is not an donated their time, or wealthy contributors "either ... or" question-both an Alaskan whose price consisted of the admission of AFL-CIO ENDORSES TRANS-ALASKA and a Canadian route will be needed. But a applicants who could not make it on their PIPELINE Canadian route is considered by experts to own? Are we returning to the era when be at least 10 years away from construction, pharmaceutical houses could "buy" research and time is of the essence. We believe a study results from impoverished medical schools? HON. DON YOUNG of a Canadian route has merit, because the It has been repeated so often that a "medi OF ALASKA resources in the Alaskan and Canadian Arctic cal education costs too much" that the state IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES will eventually require two or more pipe ment is no longer challenged. I contend that lines. a medical education is one of the few bar Thursday, May 10, 1973 Therefore, we support the provision in S. gains this society has left, and the money is 1081 that establishes proper procedures for being invested in some of the best brains Mr. YOUNG of Alaska. Mr. Speaker, negotiations with the Canadian government housed in some of the most energetic bodies yesterday, the AFL-CIO Executive Coun leading to const ruction of a second, later around. And while we may quarrel with many cil passed a resolution urging the im- route. 15358 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 10, 1973 We recognize that full development of WJNNYNG-EST WINNlmS nary of this year by the amazing per Alaskan oil reserves will not solve America's In an emotion-packed moment, the Abbe. formance of the Republic oi China in larger energy crisis. The future stability of ville High School Band became the prize the economic and diplomatic areas in this country's economy requires immediate winningest entry in the 1973 Festival of the 2 years since Communist China measures to insure America's self-sufficiency states. The Grenadiers from South Carolina in all forms of energy. won both the Governor's Cup as the best usurPed that nation's place in the To meet this long-range need, we support marching band in the parade and the Heart United Nations. S. 1283, introduced by Senator Jackson and of St. Petersburg trophy as the band that A few months back, one of our larger 27 other Senators, that would mobilize the won the city's greatest admiration. Wednes. newspapers carried a supplement titled nation's scientific and technolcgical re da.y night they won second place in Champi "Free China Is Alive and Well." That sources for a 10-year, $20 billion crash pro ons on Parade. such a magazine article should appear, gram to develop alternative energy sources. Both the Abbeville Grenadiers and the and that it could truthfully be so titled, If America does not solve its immediate Athens, Ga., Gladiators will return to toWllS a.nd long-range energy needs, this country severely damaged by tornadoes last weekend. is one of those small miracles the rest of will be forced to depend largely on foreign One young member of the Abbeville band lost the world has come to expect from the sources with political, economic and national his life in the storm. Republic of China over the past 20 years. security hazards. The Grenadiers were making their second And never has there been more cause for Without sufficient energy resources Amer festival appearance in four years. They are genuine admiration of that count1-y by ica will not be able to meet its economic and four-time South Carolina marching band the rest of the world than now exists. social goals, but it the Congress acts now it champions. oa.n assure Americans both a better environ Many writers in the world's press ment and a better life for everyone. signaled the instant demise of the Re NOTHING BEATS A PARADE FOR USHERDig mission. They have to win. On Saturday, March 31st, just before the ceeds most countries of the world, and Mr. DORN. Mr. Speaker, Ruffies and band was due to leave for St. Petersburg's with a population one-fiftieth that of Flourishes, the national band maga Festival, tornadoes sweeping across the. South Communist China's the Republic of zine, currently rates the Abbeville High had pounced on the town and torn up homes China's exP€)rts and imports easily out School Grenadier Band as among the of many band members:. strip that larger nation, approaching $5.5 When the wind had passed, a fallen tree billion this year. top five bands in North America. On May lay aCI"06S Tommy Ferguson, 16, he was dead 18, 1973, the Grenadiers and Grenadier From a country dependent on other by the time they got him to the hospital. nations for protection and for financial Band Direcwr Leland Scott will officially His parents, Mr. and Mrs. Fletcher Fergu receive trophies recognizing their trimn son, bad. bad four children in the Grena assistance, the Republic of China has phant performance in the recent 52d an diers-his sister Dawne is band captain. reached the point where it not only nual Festival of States in St. Petersburg, They buried Tommy in his band uniform stands squarely on its own economic feet. Fla. Our great Governor, Hon. John C. and, with his parents, came down to win. but has extended aid to some 20 develop West, will be present for this ceremony And they did. ing nations. Would that some other o:f in Abbeville's historic opera House. The Grenaiiiers placed second in the Wed the recipients of our foreign aid showed nesday night field sho.w, Champions on Pa. such vigor. Among the Grenadiers' other recent tri rade. umphs, Mr. Speaker, are the 1971 Na Saturday they outdid themselves. After an For some 19 years our nations have tional Cherry Blossom Festival's parade hour's deliberation and adding up of points, been bound by treaty to mutual defense and field show competition in Washing the judges named them No. 1 and awarded and assistance. It is a treaty which has ton, D.C., and the 1972 National Band Abbeville the emblem of championship-the shored up and secured the best interests Championship in Bradenton, Fla. It has Governor's CUp. It was presented at Wllliams of both our nations and the free world Pa.rk and then, adding to the torrent of emo been my honor and privilege to have :for a generation, and has guaranteed tion, came the final token of admiration to the people the right to live out their this superb band and their distinguished the Hearl of St. Petersbm·g plaque. director at my home on a number of occa In second place comes the fine Boyerstown, lives on their own terms, not on terms sions. The Abbeville Grenadiers epito Pa. Band, third plaoe winner at the Parade dictated by Moscow or Peking. mize and typify young America at its of Champions. Third ls the ••Flaming Arrows,. Today there are those who would best. Abbeville, the hometown of John C. Band of Claymont, Del., marching with pre have the United States turn its back on Calhoun. is accustomed to greatness, Mr. cision and drive. this friend of many years, a friend which Fourth, and a crowd-pleaser just as it was has supported our position in the United Speaker, a.nd this historic and progres Wednesday in winning the Mayor's Trophy sive city is superbly represented across Nations and in the community of free at Champions on Parade, is the well-drllled men. They would forget our debt to free the Nation by the Grenadiers. Dundee (Til.) Scots. Mr. Speaker, the Grenadiers perform China, the firm link in the chain which ance in Florida manifested the great protects the free world from the en courage of this organization, their- sup croachments of totalitarianism in Asia. When we read world history, we point porters, families, and friends. One of the THE REPUBLIC OF CIDNA band's most beloved members, young to certain events and say, "At this point, Tommy Ferguson, was tragically taken we stood at a crossroads." I believe the from us by the disastrous tornado which HON. DAN DANIEL future will accord the same designation struck Abbeville County just days be OF VIRGINIA to our own period. I am convinced that fore the competition. Yet the Grenaditrs IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES events of the 1970's will prove the de ciding factors for generations. I am fur carried on in their outstanding tradition Thursday, May 10, 1973 with the full support of Tommy,s par ther convinced the Republic of China ents, Mr. and Mrs. Fletcher Ferguson, Mr. DAN DANIEL. Mr. Speaker, as can bear a significant role in these and won both the Florida Governor's the American people become more and events, for it stands for all the world to Cup and the Heart of St. Petersburg more beguiled by Communist China, it see, a nation dedicated to freedom. Plaque. is all the more necessary that we, as Smaller in size, with less natural re Mr. Speaker, the following are ex elected representatives, remind our fel sources and fewer people, it provides, cerpts from the special Festival of States low countrymen and the world of the daily. evidence that men do not just souvenir edition of the St. Petersburg importance of the Republic of China to survive, but can prosper and grow and Times, an edition which also featured the peace of the world. share the fruits of their labors in the prominent large photographs of the Ab The free world has been astounded as community of nations, given the will and beville Grenadiers: was I when I visited the Republic in Jan- the determination. May 10, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15359 Those who now enjoy our friendship, tainly, wlll be needed 1n the joint mission virtually every conceivable environment in requiring the confidence of each country's which human beings require nursing care. and those we may want as our allies at experts in the other's equipment and abllity. Nursing coordinates health services within some future time are watching closely As Skylab takes off for what we hope and the system providing patient referrals and as our attitude and our actions toward this expect will be a triumphant space episode, suring easy accessibility among the parts of staunch friend of earlier days. We would and the teams of American astronauts pre the system between and among acute hos do well to remember the golden rule, lest pare for their successively longer and more pitals, extended care facilities, the four le vel ~=; we live to regret the consequences. uncertain periods of work aloft, it does no of nursing homes, community health centers, harm to commiserate over the flagging Soviet ambulatory clinics, physicians offices, schools, effort. The Russian experience perhaps could patient's homes. Society requires nurses who help us avoid some similar catastrophes in have the knowledge and the ability to do this. the future. Humanistic nursing care, based on an indi SOVIETS SUFFER SPACE REVERSALS vidual's personal needs is a contribution of nursing. The care of people in restorative ADMINISTRATION PROPOSALS care, in health assessment, in health main HON. DON FUQUA ENDANGER NURSING tenance, in health promotion, in acute care, OF FLORIDA in long-term care, in non-acute care is nurs ing's business. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HON. ROBERT F. DRINAN Nursing has a profound impact on the deliv Thursday, May 10, 1973 ery of health, and to people who require OF !4ASSACEnJSETTS health care and health services. It iS a com Mr. FUQUA. Mr. Speaker, one of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES manly accepted fact that nurses are able to great mysteries of our time has been the Thursday, May 10, 1973 accept increased responsibilities for providin g failure of the Soviet space program. health services. By assuming a larger share of It began with such drama, the first Mr. DRINAN. Mr. Speaker, in recent their rightful responsibility nurses enable man in space and so many other ac years nursing has played an increas more citizens to receive the care that they complishments. And then, there was no ingly important role in the delivery of require. The poor have known for years that health advancement. health care, and thus it is little wonder care is hard to get, uneven in quality and I think this proves the wisdom of the that the demands upon nursing educa quantity, and expensive. Rural America h as American approach. We took each step tion have correspondingly increased. known something of the same experiences; in logical sequence and, as such, have Yet despite the demonstrated need for and now the urban middle class encounters had success with the most magnificent competent and trained nurses, the ad the same inadequacies in health care because scientific program in the history of man. ministration proposes to phase out cate of poorly organized systems for delivering Now we are on the edge of a new pro gorical support for nursing education. vitally needed health services and care. gram-Skylab. After that, the Space There is great cost effectiveness in u sing The results of these proposals-if en nurse clinicians for rendering health care Shuttle. acted by Congress-will be close to dis because of their accessibility to the general The space program will continue to add astrous. public. Nurses are the largest group of work to the advancement of our knowledge of Capitation grants for nursing would be ers in the health-medical industry. Nurse man. It is the challenge of the future. terminated, and scholarship and loan directed clinics attest to this, relieving phy I thought a recent editorial in the support for nursing students would be sicians of many health related activities t hat Evening Star of Washington made an in drastically curtailed. If these proposed nurses are fully capable of performing. The teresting point and would like to have reductions are imposed, then it is not role of the nurse in the prevention of disease, it reprinted here. The editorial is as fol in health screening, in health monitoring, unreasonable to expect that as many as in health teaching, in rehabilitating persons lows: 50 percent of all nursing students will be SOVIET SPACE REVERSAL with paralyses, bowel and bladder training, left without adequate financial resources in retraining persons to dress, feed, bathe The recent failure of the Soviet Union's to meet the costs of their education. Fac themselves to maintain their maximum inde Salyut 2 space laboratory came at a notably ulties at nursing schools will have to be pendence are long range cost saving mecha embarrassing time for the Kremlin. Because heavily reduced. Most important, quan nisms accruing to the general good t hrough next Monday, 1f all goes as planned, the federal support for nursing. United States will have its own, bigger Sky tity and the quality of nursing care will in To realize fully the achievements of a na lab in orbit around the earth, ready to re the long run be diminished. tional goal of making health care accessible ceive the first of three three-man crews who Last week I met with educators and to all without insurmountable barriers, the are to test the human ability to endure in administrators from four nursing schools contributions of nursing must be recognized space. in the Boston area: Dr. Irene S. Palmer, and maximized into the system. Effective In a year of harsher rivalry, Americans dean and professor, Boston University health care cannot be fully developed in the might have taken grim satisfaction from the School of Nursing; Mary A. Dineen, R.N., absence of professional nursing services Russians' space troubles. But that would which are a fundamental foundation in the have been before this period of detente, and Ed. D., Boston College School of Nursing; Juanita 0. Long, R.N., Ed. D.; dean, health care delivery. before repeated American visits to the moon To accomplish these tasks and responsibili clearly established our lead in manned ex Northwestern University College of ties requires a commitment from nursing ploration. The U.S. space program does not Nursing; and Elaine C. Hubbard, R.N., which has been demonstrated for more than need Soviet failures to make it look success Ed. D., chairman, department of nursing, seventy-five years and assistance from the ful. Simmons College. public sector. The Salyut disaster, which for·tunately Dr. Palmer of the Boston University Students and their families will be unable happened (possibly through an explosion) to afford the cost of training. before cosmonauts were implanted in the School of Nursing presented a statement on nursing in behalf of the four nursing About fifty percent of our students in station, could mean a less enthusiastic Soviet nursing will not have adequate financial space effort in coming years. This would be schools in the Boston area. Dr. Palmer's support in spite of the !act two-thirds of unfortunate, presuming the ultimate peace statement is both compelling and pro them work one or two days a week to pay the fulness of Russian aims in outer space. It found, and I hope that my colleagues will cost of their educational, or living expenses. could limit the accretion of human knowl study it carefully: About fifty percent of faculties in schools edge to be shared for mutual betterment. of nursing across the country wlll have to be And it co1.:tld be an obstacle in the path of TESTIMONY OF DR. IRENE S. PALMER I am grateful for the privilege of testifying terminated. Yet this rich leadership, resource plans for a joint American-Soviet manned of academic and research and nursing service space mission in 1975. This will require a here today on the serious and grave effects the proposed federal cutbacks in nursing will expertise wm have to be disbanded. It has solution of what seem to be flaws in some taken some of our schools 20-25- 30 years to of the Soviet hardware, perhaps because of have on the American people. As Dean of inadequate quality contro: that also has Boston University School of Nursing, I am develop these excellent teaching resources. caused trouble in the American program. speaking for the deans of the four nursing The incredible loss to the society we serve of Three cosmonauts died returning from Salyut schools in the Boston area. dismantling these human resources is too 1 because of a leaky hatch. The health care of the people of the United great to fathom. Why is nursing being cut It is puzzling that Soviet leaders remain so States require the availability of competent, so drastically? It is a pervasive assault on a secretive about their space problems, when soundly educatEld nurses. profession that has undergirded the health t he general nature of a mishap cannot be The exorbit ant financial cutbacks in fed care and hospital and medicine industry in hidden from modern tracking equipment and eral nursing funds will drastically curtail this nation! more openness could lead to a sharing of our abilit y to prepare nurses who have the The average student, being a woman and corrective knowledge. The Russian announce capabilities and fiexibllities to provide of a lower socio-economic status finds it very ment that the last Salyut had merely com nursing and health services to patients in difficult to obtain a loan. In addition, cul pleted its mission, attesting to its proper and out of hospitals, health maintenance tural norms militate against young women design, fooled no one. Greater frankness, cer- organizations, ambulatory care settings, and incurring indebtedness prior to marriage and 15360 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 10, 1973 :for their own education. The indebtedness wouldn't it be? The avMage annual income plicanis fr<»n low income and other disad usually goes for the husband's educational of a nurse is under ~10,000 a year. vantaged groups will be denied access be preparation. Rowe er, despite the obvious neecl for ii cause of inability to obtain financial sup Granted, economies in government spend naneial aid to nursing students, t:ne Federal port due to Federal cutbacks in nursing. ing are necessary. What is objected to how priority bas removed g:raclua.te training sup The e:ffeet of a diminished nurse supply ever, is the ordering of federal priorities port and reduced by fourteen million dollars will be seen as training programs are cur which espouse: the availability of loan money, while retain taned~ For exrunple, in 1963 coronary care (1) the termination of. research training ing o:r increasing this for medicine and den trainiDg programs were established for support for all programs in the health and tistry by six million. nurses. The employment of these specialty biomedical fields on the basis that the gen Another ordering of National priorities for trained skilled nurses is responsible for re eral need for adequate numbers of doctorally Federal budget appropriations is "the ducing the in-hospital mortality rate due to trained researchers has been met and (2) strengthening of those programs that pro acute myoca'Fdial infarction by lOo/o in the that a continued Federal emphasis and sup duce real results()}" carry out genuine Nation past ten years. Who wm be on the scene of port to train Ph.D.'s will he lead to an over al priorities". the cardiac arrest to mobilize the rest of the supply! Of '148.000 employed Registered No taxpayer wants his tax money wasted. health team? Nurses. about 782 have the earned doctorate. However, is Federal investment in nursing The Federal government has a great chal It is only since 1967 with the support o! the something that does not ..produce real re lenge before it with the great numbers of Federal government, through financial sup sults"? our citizens living longer. The challenge is port :for education and research training at In the ten year period 1960--1970, the Reg dependency versus opportunity. The role of the doctoral level, that any significant im istered Nurse population grew by 43 percent the nurse in assisting an aging population pact has been made with 630 nurses earning while the United States population increased by health maintenance activities such as doctorates in the period 1961-1972. 2.95o/.,. That is a sizable measure of produc health assessments, early disease and dis It is terribly important for nurses to have tivity, and much of it was accomplished ability detection. assuring nutrition advice, a body of knowledge that is soundly derived through Federal investment in nursing. Since are all health promotional, health mainte upon which they can base their nursing 1957 when the Federal government began nance services :hicb can play a. vital part in judgments so as to :fit patient observations to support advanced training of nurses, there preserving the healthy elderly in their own and data into a scheme for patient care ha.s been an increase o:( 57% in the numbers environment. and thereby decreasing the cost rather than just have isolated !acts and per of nurses in practice! of illness and medical care, enabling the el form tasks and skills. The development of a The 1975 projected need for nurses is one derly to contribute further to the nation scientific basis for nursing practice rather million. We have 748,000 in practice now! through their purchasing power and selec than merely the performance o! tasks and Yet, another measure of the national prior tion of services. A healthy population is re skills is being achieved through the efiorts ity for health is in the Federal budget mes flected in a healthy economy. of nurses prepared in research. The necessity sage stating there is evidence of "a continu As nursing education programs prepare of a sound education based upon the acquisi ing need for numbers of professionals in med dangerously fewer numbers of professional tion of knowledge and skills enables the icine, dentistry and osteopathy", and that nurses, patients in intensive and other nurse to perform in a manner consumers ex "the same urgency does not exist in other special care units will lack sufficient number pect is vital. health pro:(essional fields". of nurses to ensure their breathing regular The fact that a nurse-conducted health Nursing's problem is qualitative, not quan ities, to make certain they do not aspirate interview rather than the traditional phys titative. It is estimated that only 15% of their vomitus, to tube feed patients to main ician-conducted physical examination was the nations's nurses are prepared for the tain adequate nutritional and fiuid intake safe and acceptable to students in a college job they hold in administration, supervision vital to life. health service was instrumental in identify or teaching in nursing. Certainly nursilng We can expect that patients will not have ing the functions of the nurse in primary does not sufier from a plethora of well pre catheters irrigated sufficiently to preve.nt in care. pared, qualified nurses. There are 1,112 un fection; that the transition from hospital to Clearly, there is no case for an oversupply :fi.lled faculty and administrative positions in home will be made witb great difticulty since of doctorally prepared nurses in the United all of nursing education, yet the burden of too few nurses will be available to teach the States! Still, the Federal budget proposal preparing enough teachers who can train patient or his family how to give the care he advanced by President Nixon for FY 1974 nurses to provide safe nursing care is ever requires at home; that the diabetic may slip espouses that ..the normal mechanisms in with us as consumer demands ever increase. into com.a or shock too frequently because the professional manpower market will be Massachusetts ranks 9th in the number of there will be fewer nurses to observe him and relied upon to produce any additional man unfilled key nursing positions of all the states recognize the early signs of these difficulties power needed." with 37 vacancies in strategic leadership posi and mitiate corrective, preventive action. Training support for these nurses was cut tions. .As an illustration of our way of living and oft because of the across the board applica There are 2,320,000 active people working in its etfects on people, we are all familiar with tion of the rationale: "The income expecta nursing today. 32% are R.N.'s, with 15% of auto and motorcycle and driving accidents tions of doctoral level scientists is such as these nurses working in teaching, administra which result in severance of the spinal cord. to make it appropriate to expect them to tion or in supervising special nursing care These spinal cord injury patients' win have bear the cost of their training,"· as well as units such as the cardiac unit, intensive care fewer nursing personnel to minister to their the rationale of an anticipated over produc units in maternal infant care or in J'ehabili needs. Can you envision being unable to tion! A nurse with a doctorate will be con tation. Of the nursing labor force. 18% are scratch your nose, blow your nose, comb your sidered fortunate if she ea:rns $20,000 a year licensed practical nurses, 39% are aids, order hair, brush your teeth or get a sip of water, after several years of experience; as con lies and other nursing assistants. Students in but require that someone else do them? trasted with biochemists earning $4&,00fH nursing comprise 32% of the labor force. In That's nursing's business! Will there be a The market place can not take care of summary, 32% of the nursing personnel are nurse available? providing adequate numbers of doctorally R.N.'s, involved in supervising, teaching and Persons with chronic heart disease, chronic prepared nurses. administering the service of 68% of the pool lung disease like emphysema, and the elderly Still another national priority in ordering as well as being responsible for giving care with stroke, or fractured hip will be sent the Federal budget was the rationale that also. This 32% of the nurse pool needs help home from the hospital with no one to as the income expectations of those completing to do the job it is willing and able to do. sist their families in learning how to cope or graduate training are such that "it makes it We have seen a dramatic rise in enroll handle their needs, no one to assist them in appropriate to expect them to bear the cost ments in schools of nursing over the past readjusting their daily living patterns, to of their training. ., The average beginning in two years, nationally 17%; locally a 20% in learn how to care for themselves at home. to come for a registered nurse is $9,000 a year, crease since 1971. The loss of capitation learn how to help themselves by possible rarely attaining a salary of $15,000 by the monies to assist schools with their increased modifications in bathroom, bedroom or time of retirement! other health profes enrollments, a criterion for obtaining such kitehen. sionals such as physicians and dentists have funds, forces an undue :financial bu:rden on Persons with surgical intervention for can annual incomes of $30,000 to $43,000. already overburdened educetional facilities. cer treatment will have colostomies, ileos and The removal of traineeship monies and the Schools were delibeYately encouraged to in tomies, laryngectomies, massive dressings draining wounds and be fortunate if there is reduction of student scholarship and loan crease enrollments and jus~ as we did, fi a nurse who can visit them at home to as monies pre...''tmts an unnecessarily harsh bur nancial support was withdrawn. Schools will den on individuals wanting to become nurses. be :forced to curtail enrollments. or actually sure that all is going well or to teach the Fifty percent of students going into nurs close as a result o:f federal cutbacks. patient how to care for their artificial open ings, and the necessary appliances, for their ing come from families with annual gross Forty percent of my students carne from comfort~ safety and sanitation. incomes of $10,000 or less! In my school, 40 the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The re Those people threatened with blindness by percent of my students' mothers are em maining sixty percent are reflective of the 49 cataracts, trachoma. or glaucoDla will have to ployed full time in addition to theil' fathers remaining states and territories. There are make adjustments to loss of vision with tlie and % of my baccalaureate students cite 801 students enrolled in Boston University previously available services of the nurse. financing their nursing education is a great School of Nursing and 286 are scheduled to Who will support families with chronic ill concern to theJil, and require loan or grants graduate this year. rt is estimated that en ness in 'their times Associated Press as suppressed by the Communist regime in Nations failed to devise an operative plan "best public affairs program" and Theta their homeland. for partition, a.nd in May of 1948 the Sigma Phi, an organization of women in On May 10, 1866, Prince Charles of State of Israel declared its independence. communications, as "best documentary Hohenzollern-Sigmal'ingen was pro The Israelis gallantly resisted and over in radio and TV." claimed Prince of Rumania, culminating came the armed aggression by neighbor I would like to share with my col a long struggle of the Rumanian people ing Arab states which followed immedi leagues excerpts from just a few of the to gain this right. Rumania declared its ately upon Israel's independence, and many letters KQV received from listeners complete independence from the Otto from this birth of persecution and vio saluting it for its powerful "One for the man Empire 11 years later, on May 10, lence, the State of Israel grew to become Road": 1877, during the Russo-Turkish War. a powerful, economically advanced mem LETTERS FROM LISTENERS OF KQV-RADIO This status was confirmed by European ber of the international community. ". . . I Wish to compliment you on a nations at the Conference of Berlin of Today, Israel presents to the world a most comprehensive and instructive public 1878. Four years after this, on May 10, true story of success in surmounting education porgram. Since many people have 1881, Charles I was crowned as the first enormous obstacles and adversity. The commented on the program to me, I am not king, by the will of the people. Thus be nation possesses an excellent educational alone in my evaluation. The material was gan the Kingdom of Rumania, which system, a highly advanced standard of May 10, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15363 national medical care, impressive indus and affectionate man who embodied all training and counseling, for early retire trial development, thriving agricultural of the ingredients that make a mortal ment where that is appropriate, and for production, and a vigorous democratic individual a great and immortal human relocation allowances. The bill, in short, political structure. being. Returning from battle, he was would mitigate the burdens placed upon Israel is a loyal friend of the United ironically and tragically fired upon and individuals by decisions of the Federal States, and it is America's responsibility severely wounded by his own troops and Government. to help insure, by making arms and air died May 10, 1863. Mr. Speaker, the full text of the bill craft available and through economic Virtually all historians and students follows: aid, that the antagonisms harbored by of military tactics include Thomas J. H.R.- her Arab neighbors do not imperil the "Stonewall" Jackson on their lists of A bill to amend title 5, United States Code. to existence and integrity of the State of the world's greatest military leaders, and provide special assistance and benefits to Israel. on this, the llOth anniversary of his Federal employees involuntarily separated death, I take this opportunity to pay through reductions in force, and for ot her The vital role which Israel played in purposes. the World War II era, as a haven for vic tribute to this great American who re minds us that people and events of the Be it enacted. by the Senate and House tims of anti-Jewish persecution, con of Representatives of the United States of tinues to be a strong national purpose. past played an indispensible role in shap America in Congress assembled. That this Jewish people from the Arab countries, ing the fortunes and fabric of the great Act may be cited as the "Federal Employees from Eastern Europe, and from the So Nation America has become today. Emergency Assistance Act of 1973". viet Union look to Israel as their true SEC. 2. Subpart F of part m of title 5, homeland, and the tide of immigration United States Code, is amended by adding at by Jews in the Diaspora continues in the end thereof the following: force. It is heartening to note that U.S. SPECIAL ASSISTANCE FOR FEDERAL "CHAPTER SO-ASSISTANCE TO EMPLOY congressional pressures to guarantee the EMPLOYEES EES SEPARATED THROUGH REDUC right of worldwide emigration to Israel TION IN FORCE are strong and determined. I am proud "Sec. that last year the Congress enacted my HON. JEROME R. WALDIE "8001. Definitions. proposal to authorize $85 million in aid OF CALIFORNIA "8002. Application for assistance. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "8003. Readjustment allowances; qualifying to Israel for the resettlement of Jewish requirements. emigrants from the Soviet Union, of Thursday, May 10, 1973 "8004. Readjustment allowances; weekly which amount $45 million was eventually Mr. WALDIE. Mr. Speaker, I am today amounts. appropriated. Today I ~m introducing "8005. Readjustment allowances; time lim legislation to authorize an additional introducing legislation for a comprehen itations. $36 Y2 million for this important purpose. sive set of benefits to aid all Federal em "8006. Readjustment allowances; application Mr. Speaker, the history of the Jewish ployees who are adversely affected by re of State laws. people and the State of Israel is a shin ductions in force. A most striking exam "8007. Job training and counseling; purpose; ing example of courage, determination, ple of the impact upon individuals applications. caused by Government decisions to cut "8008. Payments related to training. and enormous accomplishment. Con "8009. Relocation allowance. gratulations to Israel on her 25th anni back involves the Defense Department's recent action. "8010. Early retirement. versary, and may her strength and "8011. Health benefits. achievements flourish through the cen Last month, the Secretary of Defense "§ 8001. Definitions turies to come. announced 27 4 actions which will affect "For the purposes of this chapter- military bases in the United States. Most "(1) 'employee' means an individual who of these involve base closures or the has been totally or partially separated from transfer of jobs from one area to an employment by an executive agency on or A TRffiUTE TO "STONEWALL" other. Hardest hit in economic terms after April 17, 1973, because of the transfer JACKSON will be Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and of activities from a facility of that agency my own State of California. or because of the cessation of activities at a Some 40,000 military and civilian jobs facility of that agency and who has not ob tained other suitable employment; HON. ROBERT H. MOLLOHAN will be lost nationwide. In my own State, "(2) 'average weekly wage' means one OF WEST VmGINIA 9,500 civilian positions will be affected; thirteenth of the total wages paid to an em IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES some 8,000 jobs actually will be elimi ployee in the high quarter; for purposes of nated. In a State where 525,000 people this computation, the high quarter shall be Thursday, May 10, 1973 are already unemployed, this is a harsh that quarter in which the employee's tot al Mr. MOLLOHAN. Mr. Speaker, as we addition. But statistics tend to blind us wages were highest among the n~st 4 of the all become embroiled in shaping the to the true meaning of such facts. :=teal last 5 completed calendar quarters immedi people will lose their jobs; their lives will ately before the quarter in which occurs the pressing demands of today into what to week with respect to which the computation morrow will become history, it is often be substantially affected, their standards is made, such week shall be the week in easy to overlook the great men and of living usually reduced. In the Hunters which total separation occurred, or, in cases events of an earlier America and to for Point Naval Shipyard closing, a large where partial separation is claimed, an ap get what these outstanding individuals number of the 5,184 employees whose propriate week, as defined in regulations pre and momentous occurrences have con jobs will disappear are members of eth scribed by the Civil Service Commission; tributed to our culture, our heritage, and nic minorities, who will be hit at jtLloyd Bentsen, D-Tex., questioned risen even more rapidly. The monopoly Why, one is asked, cannot the United Weinberger about another of the new regu position that whites enjoy through legis States assist technical highschool in the lations which specifies that the poor and lation and social convention has led em Transkel entirely devoted to improving Afri near-poor are eligible for legal services if ployers to compete for white workers in can skills? Why not assist Africans in Kwa such services relate to getting or holding a a tight labor market, at a time when there zulu to run their own sugar mill or canning job but not for other purposes such as situa are talented Africans who could flll, and factory? Everyone knows the answer, but tions in which they may be cheated of more who could be trained to fill, skilled may we not be suffering from hardening of property rights. positions. As a result the gap between white the categories? Heretical as the idea may Weinberger replied that legal services and black wages in manufacturing employ appear, the United States could be missing legislation is in preparation to take care of ment widened further to over $400 a month, an important opportunity to assist the Afri such eventualities. But he said it has not yet according to the figures released by the can people in South Africa by its failure been sent to Congress and consequently can South African Department of Statistics three to consider some form of economic aid, if not be enacted by July 1-the date when the weeks ago. only in the form of investment guarantees. new social service regulations take effect. I believe that United States companies The circumstances of the birth of individ should Inake maximum efforts to improve ual Bantustans, in which the views of ur.ban what has been, until quite recently, an un and rural Africans were given minimal, if satisfactory performance. Although IBM and any, consideration, are well known. But the AFRICAN AFFAIRS Polaroid, and, more important, the much circumstances of birth do not necessarily larger employers such as General Motors, predetermine the life of an institution any have done a great deal to improve wages and more than they do that of an individual. working conditions, the majority of the The Bantustans may have been conceived HON. EDWARD J. DERWINSKI United States companies are only now (if at by the Nationalist government, but since OF ILLINOIS all) beginning to move. their birth they have taken on a political But, Mr. Chairinan, it serves no construc life of their own, often far from the expecta IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tive purpose to charge that the absolute level tions of their progenitors. Did anyone anti Thursday, May 10, 1973 of the wages paid by American companies re cipate the emergence of a Buthelezi and a flects racism, particularly when misleading Matanzima who would advocate a union of Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, on comparisons are made with pay scales in the all Bantustans, starting with that of the April 5, Prof. Edwin S. Munger, of the United States. The average wage paid to in Transkei and Kwazulu? California Institute of Technology, testi digenous labor by American companies in Bantustan leaders such as Buthelezl, Ma fied bef<>re the House Subcommittee on India is $29 a month. The average wage paid tanzima, Lucas Mangope {who is at present African Affairs. to indigenous workers by American compa in this country), and Professor Ntsantwisi Since it may be some time before the nies in Brazil is $86 a month. Both look are not stooges. They are not selfish men. shocking compared with wages in the United They are dedicated to the welfare of the hearings before the subcommittee are States. But the average wage paid to African African people in South Africa. Over a decade available to the public in report form, I workers by American companies in South ago, even before the Transkei began its life feel the significance of Professor Mun Africa is from $120 to $140 a month. IBM, heavily dependent upon financial subven ger's statement is such that it should with few employees, is an exception, paying tions from the white government, Matanzima receive greater attention and, there $247; it is followed at some distance by Mobil told me in his home at Quamata that he fore, I insert his statement into the at $157, Gillette at $142, GM at $140, and was participating only because for 300 years the white man had exploited his Xhosa RECORD: Caltex at $127. At the lower end of the scale are Sterling Drug at $73 and Firestone at people. Matanizima saw the Transkei as an INTRODUCTORY STATEMENT BY PROF. $70. instrument whereby some measureable prog EDWIN S . MUNGER My point is that wages paid by United ress could be made against the power struc Mr. Chairman: I want to thank you for States companies in South Africa are not in ture he faced. Economic progress is being inviting me to appear here today. It has themselves an indication of racist or dis made in the Tre.nskei and elsewhere. A share been my privilege to carry out research in criminatory practice. My criticism is that of the profits from increased American pur West Africa, East Africa, or southern Africa, most United States companies have not seri chases of platinum for ecological purposes for all or part of every year since 1947. This ously attempted to upgrade their African will go to the citizens of a Bantustan. encompasses some thirt y visits. During this employees to skilled positions and to provide My friend Gatsha Buthelezi is the m ost period the most intractable problem in sub them with at least the same benefits that dynamic of these leaders, and the leader most Saharan Africa has been the racial situation white workers enjoy. Mr. Chairman, in the anxious to have American economic assist in southern Africa. The problems of this re past an awful lot of rubbish has been talked ance. He is highly articulate, well-educated, gion are far more important to our country's about how the "terrible" South African gov and inunensely able as a politician. His :wen being than the attention given to Africa ernment's apartheid policy is responsible for talents He equal to those of his great-grand in recent administrations might reflect. wage differentials when, in fact, this claim father who skillfully defeated the British My basic approach is that, in its economic has often served as a smokescreen to cover troops invading his country a century ago. :relations with South Africa, the United not only what United States companies did Buthelezi changed his opposition to the con States should give primary attention to its not do, but also what they legally could do, cept of Kwazulu when he concluded that it own economic needs, including markets, raw for their African workers. was an institution which could be used to materials, and trade balances. At the same Wit hin the last year, it was my privilege advance the welfare of his people. He speaks time, the ideals and aspirat ions of the major to talk with a wide cross-section of African frequently and bluntly about the grievances ity of the citizens of Sout h Africa are of leaders in South Africa in the company of two of his people and their need for more terri prime importance for several reasons: con black American colleagues. On some occa tory, including acce:-s to the sea at Rich ard's cern for majorit y opinion is part of our sions my black colleagues spoke to African Bay. He is a proud and dedicated man. He is political tradition; there are as many Amer leaders alone, but according to their reports, no racist. He has already changed the long icans of African heritage as there are people they heard alone substantially what we all standing Zulu distrust for the three million in South Africa; and, our relations with in heard collectively. More than 95 percent of Coloured people in South Africa by agreeing dependent black Africa are affected by the African leaders told us that they do not with one of their leaders, Sonny Leon, that United States ties with South Africa. want American business to withdraw from Coloured people are welcome to Kwazulu as However, Mr. Chairman, there has too Sout h Africa-and several said they had told equals. Buthelezi has no antipathy for whit es often been more rhetoric than reason among the Hon. Charles Diggs the same thing at and is not interested in a narrow Zulu ex advocates of various United States policies the Inn Club in Soweto. They do want better clusivity. His concept and those of oth er t oward South Africa. Some of the criticisms training, better pensions, longer vacations, Bantustan leaders is that Bantustans involve of American policy and of the actions of educational loans, help toward better hous a constantly evolving political pattern, not United States companies in South Africa are ing, better and safer transport, and more op one that is bound by narrow dogmas. I t is not only fallacious, they are chimerical. portunit ies for higher-paying posit ions. They true that the South African government May 10, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15367 holds nearly all the cards in this game, but of policy" to avoid any public mention of position of black Americans, providing am it is Buthelezi who holds the hearts of. the black achievements in "order to maintain munitions to those who believe blacks have people. moral and political pressure on the Admin come far enough and it's time to call a halt Loan guarantees have not been seriously istration and on public opinion." to any further progress. considered in the past because of a fear that The charge, which I emphatically label I wish that most blacks were middle class. they would be interpreted as official endorse as false, carries the ugly implication of a The reality is that they are not, and arbi ment of racial segregation. The Bantustans cynical conspiracy among Black leaders to trarily saying that they are, will not make are not the final answer to the problem of deliberately Ignore reality as part of a dis the problem spawned of poverty and depriva injustice in South African society, but they honest strategy to make the problems of tion go away. will play a role in the formation of a society Black Americans seem worse than they really in which race will, I hope, be incidental to are. the merits of men and women. The truth is that a great deal of attention Helping a man like Gatsha Buthelezi is has been paid by Black leaders to the very A SALUTE OF OKLAHOMA HOS one of the best opportunities for a pragmatic real gains made by blacks over the past PITALS DURING NATIONAL HOS input into the South African scene. One can several decades. To ignore these gains would not be sanguine about immediate results, be foolish. At the same time, however, the PITAL WEEK but such a move is preferable to sanguinary rejoicing has to be tempered with the bitter alternatives. fact that most blacks still lag far behind Mr. Chairman, my concern for a just so white America in what is available to them in terms of employment, housing, education, HON. JAMES R. JONES ciety in South Africa is an outgrowth of my OF OKLAHOMA concern for ending racism in our own Amer health care and all the other requirements ican society. Our policies will not be effec for a good life. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tive in South Africa if we are hypocritical, Of course there has been progress, but Thursday, May 10, 1973 but on the other hand we cannot condone an accurate appraisal of its extent has to acts of racial discrimination by American be measured in relationship to something Mr. JONES of Oklahoma. Mr. Speaker, business abroad if we hope to eliminate them else, and when this occurs, the picture for today, as a continuation of my tribute to at home. There are definite limits to the blacks is far less attractive than Watten the medical facilities in my district, dur extent to which the United States can and berg and Scammon would have one believe. Blacks have made gains, and so have whites, ing National Hospital Week, I should should express its concern with the white like to call particular attention to sev oligarchy in South Africa, just as we draw a and the net result has been that while black line against foreign interference in our own income has gone up, the actual dollar gap eral specialized facilities and smaller society. between the races has widened. hospital units of notable merit. Two ex However, inasmuch as American business is INCOME GAP ceptionally fine specialized facilities are at the forefront of United States involvement In 1960, $2,600 separate black median in the Tulsa Psychiatric Center and Chil in South Africa, it behooves American busi come from white. In 1970, the dollar gap had dren's Medical Center. ness and those who legislate on aspects of its grown to $3,800. On a percentage basis, four The Tulsa Psychiatric Center was be practice to make the maximum effort to times as many blacks are poor than white. gun as a small psychiatric clinic founded institute employment practices that are not Individual blacks have succeeded and this is by lay citizens who have since been based on race. Such an effort will be welcome to be praised. But a walk through any ghetto, largely responsible for its growth and in South Africa, not onl~ by African, Asian, with its rat-infested housing and its out-of and Coloured workers, but by many labor work men and women clearly demonstrates support. The center offers outpatient and leaders, by most English-speaking white em why so many of us cannot take the easy way inpatient care as well as emergency serv ployers, and, perhaps surprisingly to some out and dwell on how far we have come, in ices, social services, consultation and ed Americans, by a wide cross-section of the stead of dealing with the more pressing ucation, and various rehabilitative serv leading Afrika.ans-speaking employers and problem of how far we still have to go before ices. Treatments include both individual cultural leaders in South Africa. we catch up. and group psychotherapy, chemotherapy, Mr. Chairman, I did not seek an invitation Wattenberg and Scammon also contend to appear at these hearings, but I am pleased that at some unspecified moment during the day treatment, occupational therapy, to be here and, again, thank you for inviting recent past, enough blacks moved up to movement therapy, and art therapy. me. middle class status to become a majority of During the last 10 years, the center (NoTE.-The figures for average monthly black Americans (52% ) . If this is true, the has grown to an active caseload of ap wages for African labor were taken from the obvious conclusion is that blacks pretty much proximately 4,000 patients with about July, 1972, issue of Fortune Magazine. The have it made and efforts to erase inequities 300 new admissions per month. When the figures on wages for employees of American within the society can be toned down. Tulsa Psychiatric Center was expanded firms in India and Brazil are from the Bureau The Wattenberg-Scammon thesiS, however, in 1970 to become a Community Mental of Labor Affairs of the United States Depart simply does not hang together. Not unless ment of Labor in 1970.) one is prepared to accept an elastic defini Health Center, the Children's Medical tion of middlle class that has been stretched Center was included to serve the children to include all workers except laborers serv- of the catchment area. ice workers and domestics. ' Children's Medical Center started in BLACK REALITY Using money as the determinant of what 1926 as a 14 bed Crippled Children's constitutes middle class, they set $8,000 as Home for indigent children. The Junior the entry level into this select group outside League of Tulsa laid the foundation for the South. Within the South, the figure is HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL arbitrarily set at $6,000. No percentage is what has become a unique community OF NEW YORK given for the number of whites who would institution with multiservice programs. The center now encompasses programs IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES qualify under this criteria, but it has to be considerably above the black figure. directed to helping emotionally dis Thursday, May 10, 1973 WHAT IS MIDDLE CLASS? turbed, mentally and physically handi Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, a recent This is a new approach toward Iniddle capped children. The primary service article written by Ben J. Wattenberg classness and it does not take into account area is Tulsa and eastern Oklahoma, al and Richard M. Scammon, appearing in how many peoplle have to produce that in though many out-of-State children are the April issue of "Commentary" cer come, how many have to share it, whether served. tainly stimulated much reaction in the the employment situation is stable, and a The broad programs include a 40 bed black community. whole slew of other important factors. hospital for both pediatric and psychi To render this new definition of the Black atric patients, an outpatient psychiatric One thoughtful and intelligent re middle class even less valid, the authors have sponse was voiced by Vernon E. Jordan, included all factory workers. The average service, a day school for children aged Jr., director of the National Urban earnings of such workers, however, is only 2-9 with delayed development or dis League, that appeared in the New York $4,500 a year. orders, a vocational training center for Voice newspaper of May 4. The efforts of Wattenberg and Scammon to young handicapped adults 16 years and I now submit the text of Mr. Jordan's convince readers that the majority of blacks older. Also offered are various medical column for the collective attention of are now middle class are particularly decep specialty clinics and therapies. tive since they obscure the fact that there Children's Medical Center's antici this body: are two middle-income levels in America BLACK PROGRESS VERSUS REMAINING GAP $6,440 for black families and $10,672 for white pated expansion, which includes an in (By Vernon E. Jordan, Jr.) families. In plain terms, the black middle crease to 60 beds, will become a reality Writing in the April issue of "Commen income level is 40% lower than the white in the spring of 1973. tary". Ben J. Wattenberg and Richard M. Iniddle income level, so that the term "middle Other general medical facilities of note Scammon, two respected statisticians, make class" does not mean the same for both. include: Doctor's Hospital which was the startling and unsupported charge that What the authors have done is dangerous opened in September 1966 as a 100-bed civil rights leaders "have elected as a matter because It presents a distorted picture of the general hospital. The facility has grown 15368 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 10, 1973 steadily and now has a total potential All pension plans are required to file an to select whatever investment vehicle they capacity of 225 beds, with additional con annual report with the Labor Department. choose for their pension funds. Most firms General information about each plan's in don't make the choice themselves. Instead struction under consideration. come, investments, payouts, and adminis they hire a bank or insurance company to Franklin Memorial Hospital is a 25- trative costs must be provided. make the decisions. bed hospital located in downtown Broken But the law requiring annual reports is About one-third of private pension assets Arrow. The board of trustees for the hos toothless. It forbids the Labor Department ($46.5 billion) are managed by insurance pital, a nonprofit corporation, is com from "interfering in the management o! any companies. The corporate-pension-plan posed of nine citizens from the com welfare or pension plan." sponsor usually pays the insurance com munity. The increased needs for ex ms APPROVAL SOUGHT pany a fixed fee. In return the tnsurance panded hospital facilities in Broken Somewhat more rigorous regulation is im company provides a. fixed retirement income posed on pension plans seeking tax-exempt that covers each employee with vested Arrow are fueled by the rapidly increas benefits. ing population in the community. Plans status from the Internal Revenue Service. Most companies want their pension plans Insurance-company management gives th.e for relocating and expanding Franklin IRS-"qua.lified." Money a. firm spends to sup firm sponsoring the plan costs that do not Memorial Hospital are currently being port its IRS-qualified plan and any invest fiuctuate as markedly as other methods of pursued by the boa1·d of trustees. The ac ment income this money earns is exempt pension management based in direct invest tions of the trustees truly exemplify this from federal taxation. ment in the stock market. year's theme for National Hospital Week, The IRS requixes that firms sponsoring Some 80 percent of the assets not con "Your Hospital, a Caring Community; qualified plans: trolled by insurance companies ($88.4 bil Must pay interest to their pension fund on lion) are in the hands of bank trust depart Your Health, Our Concern." ments. Unlike insurance ~ompanies, banks in t he cost of benefits credited to workers, but Also Tulsa County is Memorial Hos not paid for, at the time the firm's pension generally do not guarantee a. specific rate of pital Co. in Collinsville, a 25-bed general plan was start ed. return on the investments they choose. medical and surgical hospital which Must use an equitable method of distrib A handful of banks control the majority opened in 1962, financed by Hill-Burton uting pension benefits among both highly of pension-plan assets held by bank trust funds and public donations. Memorial and modestly paid employees. departments. The four largest bank-trust de Hospital offers physical therapy and in The safety of a worker's retirement bene partments control $47.5 billion. The ten halation therapy as well as general fits is directly related to how well his em largest manage $75.5 billion. medical facilities, and accommodates ployer's pension plan is funded. DANGERS SIGHTED both medical and osteopathic physicians. A plan is fully funded when, even if it Critics charge that there are dangers in terminates, its assets are worth enough to this highly concentrated control of sizable There are three hospitals in Pawnee pay every worker the full value of his vested assets. First, they assert, market liquidity County. The Pawnee Municipal Hospital ret irement benefits. suffers when such a. significant portion of is a 24-bed general medical hospital built BENEFITS REDUCED overall supply and demand for stock comes in 1938. The hospital is city owned and If a plan terminates without being fully from a. few major stock-market participants. is presently studying the possibility of a funded, the benefits workers have been ex The second danger critics see is more di modernization or replacement project. pect ing usually are reduced. The sponsoring rectly related to pension benefits. If a few of The Cleveland Area Hospital is a 25-bed firm decides what age groups and seniority the major banks' favorite stocks were allowed general medical hospital built in 1964 levels have their benefits chopped the most. to fall, sizable numbers of workers might The company is required, however, to pay have their pension benefits reduced. The through Hill-Bw·ton funds matched by out all money in its pension fund upon other alternative would be for corporate local donations. Also located in Pawnee termination. sponsors of the affected plans to make addi is the Pawnee Indian Hospital which Plans that aren't tax-exempt aren't re tional contributions to their plans to off services 17 counties. The 32-bed general quired by the federal government to main set a market loss. hospital and related field health clinics tain any specific funding level. Pension managers have assets handled by are staffed by physicians commissioned IRS-qualified plans are required to pay banks hoping that the bank will be able to by the U.S. Public Health Service. for (or fund) retirement benefits as workers achieve a better rate of return on the fund's earn them. When a. company starts a pen assets than the sponsoring company could. Further, during the observance of Na sion plan, it sometimes credits workers with The rate of return is a. critical factor in de tional Hospital Week, I would be remiss pension benefits for service given before the termining what a company's pension plan if I failed to commend the Oklahoma pension plan started. If the firm does not will cost. Hospital Association for providing ca immediately set aside money to pay !or these According to New York's Wertheim Asset pable leadership and assistance to the past-service benefits, the IRS requires it to Management Service, if a pension fund's hospitals of our State and for its efforts pay interest on them to the company's pen yearly yield improves by 1 percent, the eifect to promote better health care for our sion plan. over a long period would be to reduce the Many firms take between 20 and 30 years costs of the plan by 25 percent or finance an citizens. to fully fund these past service costs. A 10- increase in pension benefits of 30 percent. yea.r funding period is the shortest the IRS While banks are hired to outperform PENSION-FUND INVESTMENT LAW will allow. Speedier repayment would give the market, often they do not. A Becker the firm an unreasonably large tax exemp study o! 300 p~nslons funds over a 10-year "TOOTHLESS" tion, the IRS feels. period through 1971 found this to be true. MARKET HAS EFFECT Some 60 percent of the funds Becker tracked failed to match the 7.1 percent rate of re HON. TOM RAILSBACK If an IRS-qualified plan with substantial unfunded past service costs were to termi turn averaged by the 500 stocks used to com OF ILLINOIS & nate, each worker's benefits would be re pute the Standard Poor's market index. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES duced by a pro rata. share of the unfunded The return the average fund counts on in Thursday, May 10, 1973 costs. determining its pension costs is 5.8 percent, What funding level private pension plans according to a. Louis Harris survey of Mr. RAILSBACK. Mr. Speaker, I in actually maintain is difficult to determine. 1,200 major corporations' pension plans. The clude the following, which is the second Funding levels vary almost daily depending same study found that the average return of a four-part series presented by the on stock-market conditions and other tech major corporations actually get on pension Chri$tian Science Monitor entitled nical !actors. assets is 5.9 percent. "Pension-Fund Investment Law 'Tooth One study of 100 plans covering 4.5 million Second of a four-part series. Next: a look leRS' ": workers found 77 of the plans had suffi.cient at innovative pension-plan provisions. PENSION-FuND INVESTMENT LAW "TOOTH reserves to pay out all promised benefits. The LESS"--8TIFFER RULES URGED FOR VAST impressiveness of this full !\mding depends DEALINGS somewhat on how hard it was for workers (By David T. Cook) in those firms to get vested benefits. GOVERNMENT-SPONSORED RACISM BosToN.-Priva.tely run pension plans con Critics charge that, in addition to better trol a vast pool of largely unregulated riches regulation of pension-plan funding, other HON. PHILIP M. CRANE totaling $157 billion. pension investment policies need attention. OF ILLINOIS Some 35 million American workers expect Legislation is needed, they say, to prevent to retire on a thin monthly slice o! those some pension funds from: IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES assets. Making investments that involve a con Thursday, May 10, 1973 The number of adequate sllces of retire flict o! interest. ment income the plans can consistently pro Investing in unregistered securities. Mr. CRANE. Mr. Speaker, although vide depends on how effectively their assets the Civil Rights Act of 1964 forbids dis are managed and regulated. Keeping their investments secret !rom Most pension-plan assets currently are plan participants. crimination on the basis of race, creed, intensively managed and }YolSsively regulated. current legislation leaves companies free or age, the unfortunate fact is that an May 10, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15369 agency of Government, meant to oppose crimination but perhaps makes discrimina quirements, let alone of the urgent needs of racism, is, instead, fostering it. tion more likely or possible. the moment, there are disturbing signs of There has been increasing pressure from fiagging. The Department of Health, Education, minority group organizations and from state The most obvious of these is the continu and Welfare has for some time indicated and federal government agencies for institu ing trend towards reductions in the length that university and college faculties tions, agencies and organizations to identify of conscript service. A deplorable precedent which do not meet unspecified but under the number of Ininorities employed or of is being set by Denmark, which is reducing stood "quotas" of women, blacks, and fered membership in an association or or the period from 12 to six months. Mexican-Americans on their faculties, ganization. This is especially true with the This indication of the state of Danish would lose Federal funding. Thus, the Government and granting agencies. We have morale is depressing, especially for BAOR taxpayers money has been used as a club been asked many times to list the number of would be heavily involved in the de minorities who are members of our Associa fense of Denmark. Germany has reduced the with which to impose a policy which is, tion, and this kind of data becomes crucial period from 18 to 15 months, Belgium is in fact, illegal, namely the consideration in order for us to receive Federal grant down to 12 months and contemplating fur of job applicants not upon merit but monies. The fact that we have no such sta ther reductions, as is Holland. upon such extraneous criteria as race, tistics would suggest perhaps that we do Such short periods of training are not sutli age, and sex. indeed discriminate against the minorities. cient for complex modern weapons, and also A recent example of this policy came I do hope this explains our asking for this constitute too much of a strain and a dis to my attention in the form of a letter information on our data sheet. traction for the long-service cadres of NCOs received by the wife of my administrative Yours truly, and officers. In the Warsaw Pact, by contrast, (Mrs.) DoLORES W. Hn.L, conscription is for two years-with the curi assistant, Mrs. Linda Leventhal Feulner, Mer.nbership Secretary. ous exception of East Germany, where it is from the American Occupational Ther 18 months. apy Association of which she is a mem It is argued that a compensating advan ber. tage is that more reserves are thus produced The letter informed Mrs. Feulner of NATO DEFENSES STILL NEEDED AS and that indeed even shorter periods of train the reason for asking information con U.S.S.R CONTINUES TO ARM ing would be advantageous in that they would cerning the race of members. Since it produce great numbers of men able to deal with the Russian tank superiority with was a form letter, it appears that many anti-tank rockets operated by small crews members of the American Occupational or even by one man. As against this, military Therapy Association objected to this HON. ROBERT J. HUBER OF MICHIGAN commanders are increasingly concerned question. with morale-both civilian and military. The letter notes that: IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Short terms of training not only fail to As you know, approximately ten years ago, Thursday, May 10, 1973 give the necessary skill, but also the neces it became illegal and in bad taste to ask sary confidence and esprit de corps. This questions about an individual's race or re Mr. HUBER. Mr. Speaker, in a recent might be replaced by high motivation and ligion... As Civil Rights have moved for editorial in the Daily Telegraph of Lon defence-consciousness. Yet it is this element ward, there has been increasing concern that don, Mr. R. H. C. Steed points out the that seems to be increasingly lacking, and deletion of this kind of data does not, in fact, dangers involved in the NATO countries on which lone exploits of heroism against a guard against discrimination but perhaps continuing to weaken their defenses in thundering fire-spitting horde of T 64s makes discrimination more likely or possible. would supremely depend. the vague hope that the Soviet Union Indeed, in the German Army, in further How discrimination is made more will do likewise. He further points out ance of the concept of the non-militarist likely or possible by not requesting in that if this trend continues, the Soviets civilian-in-uniform soldier, political in formation concerning an applicant's race will have such an overwhelming psy fiuence has been largely and effectively di or religion is not explained. The reason, chological advantage that it may be rected towards creating an enlightened of course, is that such a proposition 1s able, in the future, to directly influence "Feind Bild/' or concept of the enemy. This events in Western Europe without mov trend is influenced by awareness that the both illogical and contradictory. enemy would often be East Germans. The letter continues to note that: ing a soldier in that their preponderance Herr Brandt's Ostpolitik, based among There has been increasing pressure in men and equipment will be over other things on the concept of "two States from ... State and federal government agen whelming. As Mr. Steed points out, while in the German nation," has also had a psy cies for institutions ... to identify the num the Western nations debate detente, and chological effect. There is none of this soul ber of minorities employed or offered mem some shorten their terms of service, the searching about what degree of hatred or bership ... This is especially true with the Soviets are replacing their T -54 tanks aggressiveness should be inculcated against Government granting agencies ... this kind with still heavier T-64 tanks. This ar the enemy on the Warsaw Pact side, where of data becomes crucial in order for us to ticle provides a timely touch of realism care is taken that the simple view prevails receive Federal grant monies. that the only good imperialist capitalist to the debate and I commend it to the hyena is a dead one. Another contrast is pro It is high time that we put an end to attention of my colleagues: vided by the 30,000 conscientiom; objectors Government-sponsored racism of the R. H. C. STEED WARNS Us AGAINST THE DE in West Germany. kind set forth in this letter. TENTE-MONGERS WHn.E RussiA Bun.Ds Nato troops cannot but be aware that the I wish to share with my colleagues the TANKS odds are heavily against them, while West letter received by Mrs. Feulner from the Over the past couple of years the major German troops and Government know that European Nato Governments, in the face of any major fighting, conventional and tacti American Occupational Therapy Asso cal-nuclear, would unavoidably and almost ciation, and insert it into the RECORD at increasing domestic resistance and apathy, have been doing their best to respond to immediately range very deep into densely this time. President Nixon's appeals for a greater de populated German territory. It is particu THE AMERICAN OccuPATIONAL, fense effort. They were only too painfully larly the German, Dutch, Belgian and THERAPY ASSOCIATION, INC., aware that otherwise he would not be able Scandinavian Governments which, against March 7, 1973. to resist pressure from Congress for major all the indications, place their hopes in the Mrs. LINDA LEvENTHAL FEULNER, unilateral American troop withdrawals. success of the projected conference on Fairjax City, Va. It was also quite clear that in this event Mutual and Balanced Force Reductions. DEAR MRs. FEuLNER: I saw your note on the Western Europe's defence, already stretched PRICE OF DEMOCRACY data sheet form which you sent to our mem so thin as to provide no safety margin, No doubt the Russians would like to be bership office, and I asked if I might respond would become no longer credible to the Rus able to reduce their crushing defense ex to you. I would like to share with you the sians or to its own members. Some would penditure, but there is little reason to be reasons for our recent request for informa yield to Russian pressures and blandish lieve that they are prepared to commit tion concerning our members' color or race. ments to come to separate terms, Nato would themselves to any reduction of their present As you know, approximately ten years ago, crumble, and Russian control, in whatever superiority. They count on early American it became illegal-and in bad taste-to ask form, would spread over Western Europe. and European reductions in any case. Al questions about an individual's race or reli Improvements have consisted mainly in though the economic product of the Warsaw gion. Such questions at that time were not slight increases in the British and German Pact countries per head is only about half permitted in order to prevent or at least defense budgets and, largely as a result of that of the Nato countries, the Communist avoid racial discrimination and to provide this and of the maturing of earlier plans, of Governments have full internal control over equal employment opportunities to all per an all-round improvement in installations their populations, and are not subject to sons regardless of race or religion. As Civil and equipment-the quality of most of which the democratic pressures felt by Western Rights have moved forward, there has been is now at a good and often very high level. Governments. increasing concern that deletion of this kind Yet in other respects, though what is being Russia has only grudgingly and tenta of da.ta does not, in fact, guard against dis- attempted is still well short of American re- tively agreed to discuss force reductions in 15370 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 10, 1973 return for a firm and prior agreement by observance of the Rumanian Independ DISCIPLINARY REPORT Is SERVICE TO NATION the West to take part in the European ence. Over 100 years ago, in Bucharest, (By Ruthven E. Libby) Security Conference at which Russia seeks Charles, Prince of Hohenzollern-Sigmar to divide the West and get confirmation of The country is indebted to Reps. Floyd B. her empire in Eastern Europe. Meanwhile inghen, a scion of the Southern and Hicks, W. C. Daniel and Alexander Plrnie, Russia, for whatever reasons, has been ex Catholic brand of the Prussian royal members of a special House subcomxnittee, panding and modernising her forces facing family, was proclaimed Prince of for their report on Disciplinary Problexns in Nato, concentrating on offensive prepara Rumania, and thus was founded the the United States Navy released Jan. 23. tions, equipment and dispositions. The report is a fascinating and disturbing Rumanian dynasty. It was the success document. Modernisation and reinforcement of the ful outcome of a nation's long struggle to artillery was completed a year ago. It now It was not arrived at lightly, obviously. The has an overall technical superiority over put an end to the strife and rivalries work of the subcommittee was thorough. Nato and a numerical advantage of about among native candidates to the throne. The documentation is voluminous. three to one. During the past year Russia Charles I was inaugurated on May 10, The findings are disquieting and critical has been concentrating especially on tanks. 1866. of much that goes on in the Navy, The Previously, on the central front, the War Eleven years later, during the turmoil opinions largely confirm the belief prevalent saw Pact had 16,000 tanks, an unusually of the Russo-Turkish War, the Princi among many of our citizens, including the high proportion of them heavies; 10,000 were pality of Rumania, until then nominally majority of retired naval personnel of all Russian, against about 5,000 on the Nato ranks and ratings, that there has been a side. During the past year the Warsaw Pact a vassal of the Sultan, proclaimed her serious breakdown in good order and disci tank strength has been increased by between independence by severing bonds that pline in the Navy. 1,500 and 3,000 all the latest heavy T64s. linked her with the Ottoman Empire. These dangerous and unwholesome con The Warsaw Pact's front-line superiorities This independence was fought out on ditions are not simply signs of the times, as in manpower and in aircraft on the central the battlefields south of the Danube, has been averred. They appear to individuals front are both more than two to one. Russia's where the young Rumanian Army, as an such as this writer to be the inevitable re central position and enormous geographical ally of Czarist Russia, played a note sult of ill-advised, ill-conceived and poorly depth invalidate her argument that she is implemented conceptions and procedures "encircled" by Europe and China. China is worthy part in the defeat of the Turkish that have departed widely from traditional contained by huge and technically vastly forces. and time-tested ones. superior Russian conventional and nuclear Four years after that, the Rumanian It is regretted that the subcommittee did forces. people decided to raise their country to not set forth its recommendations with the Why has Russia thus increased her already the ranks of a kingdom. On May 10, 1881, same vigor with which it expressed its find great preponderance in Europe? Partly per Charles I, by the will of his people, was ings and opinions; in this regard the moun haps as a precaution against any agreement crowned King of Rumania. The next tain seems to have labored and brought forth on reductions of forces. Mainly, however, to a mouse. be ready to take instant and decisive ad six decades were years of prosperity for Apparently at pains not to step on any vantage of any sudden opportunities. For the nation. toes, the recommendations will seem to many instance, Russia will hardly have neglected During those years and to the present to be superficial rather than fundamental, to have made provision inside Yugoslavia to day, Rumanians have cherished May 10 and as failing to get at the basic causes of exploit the departure of Marshal Tito. If in as their national holiday. The date re the disturbances and lowered standards in a confused situation an appeal for Russian mains a symbol of their perseverance the Navy. help cm:tld be arranged, the military means through the ravishment and oppression It is perhaps fortuitous, but almost coinci would be available. This may explain why dent with the release of the Hicks Report, the Russia refuses to bring Hungary, which of despots. An effort to minimize its sig Navy Bureau of Personnel issued a special would be in a key position in such an event, nificance and to weaken the people's will edition of the Retired Naval Personnel News into M B F R, which would reduce and limit for freedom was made when the official letter designed to reassure concerned retirees the size of her forces in that country. celebrations were shifted from the lOth that all is really on the up and up in today's Russia would dearly like to get hold of to the 9th of May, the anniversary of Navy. the province of Finnmark in Northern Nor the Soviet occupation and victory. But, There can be no question of the motives of way to provide ice-free harbours for her though flags are hoisted on May 9, the Navy high command; paramount objec expanding Atlantic fleet, threatening Nato's tive is to achieve and maintain the highest life-lines. Popular Front Governments in Rumanians around the world and in level of combat effectiveness possible, under France or Italy which refused to go quietly their captive homeland celebrate in their difficult circumstances. One can, however, after an electoral defeat might be supported, hearts tht following day, May 10. They with considerable justification seriously even at a distance, by superior Russian await with faith and courage the dawn question the wisdom of the way in which power. of a new era, not only of independence, the aforesaid Navy high command has sought Developments in Greece might present but of freedom. to reach this goal. some opportunities. Huge Russian superior What better wish can we here express The subcommittee found that "permissive ity on the central front would discourage ness" exists in the apparent breakdown of Nato from any general reaction against for a people whose sad lot it has been discipline in the Navy, as was charged fol Russian action elsewhere, or against Berlin. within our lifetime to survive the necro lowing the serious incidents aboard the at A Christian Democratic electoral victory in sis of nazism only to be tossed into the tack carriers Kitty Hawk and Constellation Germany, or the introduction of a European caldron of communism? last October and November respectively. nuclear weapon, might be used as an excuse Let us join in sending our prayers to In the course of its inquiry into "the al for Russian action. In these and other even these stoic people behind the Iron Cur leged racial and disciplinary problexns" in tualities, great Russian military superiority tain and our fervent wishes that their these carriers, the subcommittee found what could be used for political blackmail. everybody knows-the vast majority of Navy These are some of the answers to the argu freedom soon shall be restored. personnel is performing its duties loyally and ment that, in the nuclear age, conventional efficiently. There is, however, a segment of superiority becomes irrelevant. In fact, the that force which is either unable or un more Europe's defence depends-as it al willing to do so. It has been tolerance of this ready does to far too great an extent-on DISCIPLINARY REPORT IS SERVICE segment, extending at times even to appease almost immediate massive American first TO NATION ment, that has contributed to the breakdown use of nuclear weapons, the less likely will of discipline. this use become, the harder will America try The Chief of Naval Operations asserts that to opt out, and the greater will be the divi HON. BOB WILSON "contrary to some reports, Z-Grams have not relaxed standards. They have updated them." dends that Russia can collect without risk OF CALIFORNU thro11gh the mere existence of vastly superior The intent, surely admirable, has been to convPntional force. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "not permit general policies to be dictated by Thursday, May 10, 1973 the need . . . to constrain those few indi viduals who do not respond to the trust and Mr. BOB WILSON. Mr. Speaker, mlli confidence expressed in more flexible and less restrictive regulations." However admirable RUMANIAN INDEPENDENCE DAY tary and nonmilitary personnel alike, have been deeply disturbed by shipboard the intent, the results have been disastrous. The subcommittee found that "permissive upheavals and the charges of permis ness" exists in the Navy today and could be HON. RALPHS. REGULA siveness within the NavY. Ruthven E. servicewide. It defines "permissiveness" as OF OHIO Libby, a retired NavY vice admiral, has used in the report, thusly: IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES presented an excellent analysis of the "Permissiveness means an attitude by sen Thursday, May 10, 1973 Special House Armed Services Subcom iors down the chain of command which mittee Report on Disciplinary Problems tolerates the use of individual discretion by Mr. REGULA. Mr. Speaker, I remind and I would like to share Admiral Libby's juniors in areas in the services which have my colleagues that May 10 is a day of observations with my House colleagues: been strictly controlled; it means a tolerance May 10, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15371
o ::: failure; a failure to enforce existing or under the chairmanship of my able and is "an inalienable part" of Panama's territory ders and regulations which have validity; it distinguished colleague from New York does not square with history. If the land is means a failure to require that existing (Mr. MURPHY) on January 2, 1973, re intrinsically anybody's, a case could be made standards be met, and a sufferance of the ported upon its activities during the 92d that it is Colombia's. When the Colombian questioning of valid orders. Unhappily, close senate began to hedge in 1903 on a treaty on the heels of permissiveness, we often find Congress. to grant the U.S. the right to acquire a canal appeasement when trouble arises." Since that time-.and as a result of zone in Colombia's Panama province, U.S. If this isn't a capsule exposition of how to related developments here and else naval vessels helped Panamanian rebels win wreck any organization, military or other where--the canal question has been a independence by blocking Colombian troops wise, I never saw one. subject of considerable discussion in the from reaching the uprising. Without U.S. In A flagrant instance of appeasement, and news media, and the interest of the press tervention, it is probable there would be no on which the subcommittee expressed its Republic of Panama.. And Panama came to strong objection, was "the procedure used by in some of our coastal States has been existence simultaneously with the assertion higher authority to negotiate with the Con aroused. of a U.S. presence there. stellation's dissidents and, eventually, to As one example, in an editorial on Call this an ugly h an gover from the era appease them by acquiescing to their de March 25 of this year, entitled "Keep the of gunboat diplomacy if you will, but the fact mands and by meting out minor non-judicial Canal," the Richmond Ralph Abernathy, an honorary president are of great significance to the Congress, named periods: $51,876,000. of the Soviet-controlled World Peace and I would like to introduce them into We are proud of our Georgia Congressional Council who has been associated over delegation. the years with activities of the Com the RECORD at this point: Your cooperation in the past has been OUR BmTHDAY GREETINGS TO You wonderful. munist-front Southern Conference Edu (May 11, 1935-May 11, 1973-38 Years of We only hope that we have merited your cation Fund-SCEF-and the CPUSA Service) support and we earnestly and sincerely so dominated Peoples Coalition for Peace & As we approach our 38th Birthday it is licit a continuance of your fine support 1n Justice-PCPJ; Anne and Carl Braden, well to take stock of where we have been, the future. members of the CPUSA and leaders in May 10, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15381 SCEF; Walter Collins, identified as tion and Democracy-TOAD-which is in order to gain a general overview of the "former political prisoner, SCEF;" Sallye absolutely controlled by the Communist energy crisis. B. Davis, mother of Communist Party Party, and who has been associated with In its May 7, 1973, issue, Time magazine member Angela Davis and frequent activities of the CPUSA-front Chicago published a comprehensive article en speaker at meetings organized by the Committee for the Defense of Angela titled "The Energy Crisis: Time for CPUSA and various CPUSA-created An Davis and the Stockholm Conference on Action." The editors of Time are to be gela Davis defense committees around Vietnam, a principal international Com commended for their insight into the the country; Aland Margaret McSurley, munist peace front; Jack D. Spiegel, a complexities of the energy shortage, and both of whom have been intimately con prominent member of the Dlinois Com for bringing the pressing need for re nected with SCEF; Modjeska Simpkins, munist Party and leader in the Chicago medial action to the attention of the pub president of SCEF; Barbara Aiken, a Peace Council; Richard Criley, an identi lic. At this point, I would like to have the Georgia member of the Communist fied member of the CPUSA who is execu text of that article inserted in the REc Party's "legal bulwark," the National tive director of the CPUSA-controlled ORD: Lawyers Guild; Mike Honey, identified Chicago Committee to Defend the Bill THE ENERGY CRISIS: TIME FOR ACTION as being with the Southem Office--which of Rights: Ishmael Flory, an avowed The first signs of the impending disaster is in reality SCEF-of the CPUSA-con member of the Illinois Communist Party; came slowly: increases in the cost of oil and trolled National Committee Against Re Rayfield Mooty, cochairman of the gasoline, reductions in voltage delivered by power companies during peak hours, and pressive Legislation; Ken Lawrence, NCCTUAD, contributor to the CPUSA occasional dimouts. But then the pace accel identified as being with the Southern trade union publica~ion Labor Today, erated as the Government began rationing Patriot, official organ of the SCEF; Lio and featured speaker at an April 8, 1972, essential fuels and exhorted the public to nel Mcintyre, "SCEF, Louisiana;" John anniversary banquet for the CPUSA's forsake private cars. The reduced use of au Stanford, "Communist Party, Texas;" West Coast newspaper, the People's tomobiles had immediate repercussions in Scott Douglas, "Communist Party, Ten World; Prof. John Pappauemos, a mem Detroit, where the auto industry began laying nessee;" and Jim Bains, "Communist ber of the Illinois Communist Party and off workers by the thousands. Other indus tries, notably the steel manufacturers, also Party, Alabama." president of Local 1627 of the American were severely hit. A "domino effect" of factory Another sc uthern sponsor is John In Federation of Teachers; Jay Schaffner, shutdowns swept through the U.S. economy. man, identified as a "Black community member of the Illinois Communist Party Eventually shortages of fuel and break organizer" from Texas. Inman was one and leader in the CPUSA youth appa downs of the transportation system produced of the initial sponsors of the CPUSA ratus, the Young Workers Liberation growing food shortages as farmers were un organized Emergency Conference to De League; Lou Palmer, participant in a able to ship their products to the country's fend the Right of the Black Panther February 17, 1973, conference held by great urban centers. The stock market plum Party to Exist and was also an endorser meted. Industrial growth came to a stand the Chicago Committee for the Defense still. The Government, attempting to stave of a readers conference held by the Com of Angela Davis; Prof. Beatrice Lump off a collapse of the national economy, im munist Party's official newspaper, the kin, a frequent contributor to the posed rigid guidelines for prices, wages and Daily World, on January 16-17, 1970, 1n CPUSA's Daily World who hac also been profits. Critics of theRe policies were severely New York City. associated with activities of the CPUSA's penalized under new anti-sedition laws that The second item is even more reveal National Coordinating Committee for virtually nullified the First Amendment. The ing. It is mailing from the "Chicago Area Trade Union Action and Democracy; and U.S., in effect, became a totalitarian state. Committee to Defend All Political Pris CPUSA member Cornelius Cobbs, a This chilling scenario is not from a leftist oners, 606 S. Ashland Ave., Chicago, IL science-fiction film but out of the pages of a member of the "Solidarity Caucus" of serious recent book. The Energy Crisis [sic] 60606." This has also been the ad Local6 of the United Auto Workers. (Crown; $5.95), by Lawrence Rocks and Rich dress of the Chicago Committee for the Mr. Speaker, it should be obvious to ard P. Runyon, both professors at Long Is Defense of Angela Davis, another affili any reasonably objective person that the land's C.W. Post College. Unless the U.S. ate of the NUCFAD. evidence clearly shows beyond any possi takes serious measures to find new sources The man who has actually operated bility of doubt that this weekend's Found of energy, the authors warn, such massive the office of the Chicago Committee for ing Conference in Chicago is geared to turmoil could occur in the U.S. by the 1980s. the Defense of Angela Davis is veteran While the apocalyptic view of Rocks and precisely the objective that I cited in my Runyon is exaggerated, talk about an energy Dlinois Communist Party member Ish remarks of May 9: crisis is more than hyperbole. mael Flory, while the two cochairmen of The launching of one of the largest and Most Americans cannot yet get excited the committee have been Sylvia Woods most ambitious front organizations ever cre about that problem, but many of them have and Stephanie Allen, both members of ated by the Communist Party, U.S.A., to de already seen the effects of the growing energy the CPUSA. The head of the labor sec ceive the gullible into supporting party shortage. During the past three summers, tion of the committee has been Cornelius objectives. there have been scattered brownouts across Cobbs, another member of the CPUSA the nation. These cutbacks on voltage, de who has served as a member of both the signed to preserve overloaded generators, National and Illinois State Committees THE ENERGY CRISIS: TIME FOR caused TV pictures to shrink, lights to dim ACTION and air conditioners to slow down. Electric of the Party. utilities in major cities, which until a few The mailing from the Chicago com years ago urged their customers to use more mittee also includes a leaflet advertising electricity, now have changed their line. The a "Rally Against Repression" to be held HON. STANFORD E. PARRIS new theme, typified by New York City's Con Saturday, May 12, as part of the Found OF VmGINIA solidated Edison Co., is "Save a watt" by turning off lights and appliances when they ing Conference. Advertised as speakers IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES at the rally are CPUSA memlJer Angela are not absolutely necessary. Thursday, May 10, 1973 Last winter, for the first time in memory, Davis, Ralph Abernathy, Dolores Huerta fuel-oil supplies ran ominously low. From of the United Farm Workers Organizing Mr. PARRIS. Mr. Speaker, the grow Denver to Des Moines, schools were closed Committee, and an unnamed "American ing energy shortage across the Nation has for lack of heat, and production in fuel Indian Movement speaker arriving direct become a problem of paramount impor short factories came to a halt. This spring from Wounded Knee." tance to all our citizens. Prompted by has already seen scattered instances of gaso The list of "Local sponsors" in this such manifestations of the crisis as possi line shortages and service-station shutdowns, leaflet includes the following: Abe Fein ble electrical "blackouts" and gasoline and there is growing concern that further shortages may lead to gas rationing before glass, an identified member of the rationing, many of my own constituents the summer is out. CPUSA prominent in Communist have contacted me to urge that the Con Paradoxically, the U.S. still has ample do "peace" activity; Sidney Lens, one gress take immediate action to alleviate mestic sources of energy. Experts estimate time leader in the now-defunct Trotsky this situation on a short-term basis, as that reserves include enough recoverable de ite Revolutionary Workers League and well as to explore potential alternate en posits of oil (which accounts for 45% of activist in both the PCPJ and the ergy sources to replace our dwindling sup today's energy consumption) and of natural CPUSA-controlled Chicago Peace Coun plies of natural gas, petroleum, and elec gas (32 % ) to last about another two dec ades. Beyond that time, foreign supplies r_, cil; Ola Kennedy, who has served as a tric power. I am pleased to say that the those fuels should be sufficient to meet all cochairman and national steE:ring com Committee on Science and Astronautics the world's needs until at least 2030. In addi mittee members of the National Coordi has taken the initiative in this area, and tion, the U.S. has immense reserves of coal nating Committee for Trade Union Ac- is currently holding a series of hearings (which 'lOW accounts for only 18% of U.S. 15382 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 10, 1973 energy consumption) --enough, theoretically, effectively coordinate such a campaign. But In fact, some of the smaller Middle Eastern to fill domestic needs for centuries. the critics fear that consumers might be nations are a.lready ·accumulating funds Thus the immediate problem is caused not faced with excessive price boosts unless the roughly twice as fast as they can spend them. by dwindling reserves but by inadequate oil Government intervenes. Marvels the State Department's energy ex refining capacity and man-made shortages of In his special energy message to Congress pert, James E. Akins: "With the possible ex natural gas. These, in turn, are caused by last month, President Nixon tried to steer a ception of Croesus, the world will never have complex and interrelated political, economic middle course while easing the shortages. He seen anything quite like the wealth which is and social factors. By holding down the price acted to increase supplies of foreign oil by flowing and will continue to flow into the of natural gas, the Federal Government has abolishing the rigid import quota system and Persian Gulf." Speculation with these funds artificially increased demand for the fuel replacing it with a flexible system of tariffs was partially responsible for the world's re while providing no incentives for exploration on imported oil. To spur domestic output, cent monetary crisis. for new reserves. Similarly, legislation that Nixon ordered the Interior Department to To help curb such imbalances, some poli favors oil companies by sheltering domestic triple by 1979 the amount of federal acreage ticians and economists are urging the Ad producers and permitting tax write-offs of leased to oil and gas companies. Moreover, ministration to take on the job of bargain exploration abroad has not worked to in the President asked Congress to drop price ing with oil-producing countries itself, rather crease domestic supplies or to encourage the controls on new finds of natural gas, to ex than accept the price levels negotiated by building of new refineries in the U.S. tend investment tax credits on both dry and the oil companies. At the Nassau conference, The urge for a clean environment has com prOducing wells and to streamline time con Democratic Senator Henry Jackson declared: plicated matters even further. Clean-air laws, suming administrative procedures designed "The oil companies acting alone cannot be for instance, forbid the burning of oil and to protect the environment. credible bargainers with OPEC." M.I.T. Econ coal with high sulfur content. As a result, Although Nixon pledged to safeguard the omist Morris A. Adelman has gone even much available domestic fuel cannot be used environment in all these measures, his lack further, accusing the multinational oil firms in many localities. Insisting on environmental of emphasis on cutting demand for energy of merely acting as tax-collection agents for safeguards, groups have delayed such proj provoked a storm of criticism. So did his ap the oil exporters. Both he and Jackson have ects as the Alaska pipeline and nuclear parent unwillingness to fund accelerated suggested that the U.S. and other big oil con power plants, further limiting the develop federal research programs to develop new sumers join together in a concerted diplo ment of domestic energy sources. energy sources for the future. But Nixon left matic effort to break the OPEC cartel. Increasing opposition by conservationists no doubt about another point: "We must face Actually, some of the potentially dire con and state government officials to heedless up to the possibility of occasional energy sequences of the energy crisis may be pre strip-mining and offshore oil drilling has also shortages and some increase in energy vented by the ever higher prices of oil and sharply limited the future exploitation of prices." gas. When a. commodity becomes more ex U.S. fu~ reserves. Sums up S. David Freeman, AN END TO CHEAP ENERGY pensive, it encourages its producers to in direcrtor of a Ford Foundation study of en At present, despite the fact that the U.S., crease supplies and at the same time pres ergy: "Environmental goals and energy de with only 6% of the world's population, con sures consumers to cut down their demand mands are on a collision course." sumes almost one-third of its total energy for it. Moreover, higher fuel prices would At the same time, the U.S. until now has output, only about 4% of the gross national .hasten the search for gas and oil substitutes been understandably reluctant to relieve the product is required to pay the bill. Nixon has that at present are not economically feasible. domestic shortages by turning to easily avail proposed that energy prices "reflect their The effect of higher prices on demand was able overseas sources of energy. Reason: the true oost"-which increasingly includes ran demonstrated by a recent Harvard University Government wanted to protect the high-cost som-sized tax increases by the oil barons of computer study on household consumption domestic oil industry, arguing that the na the Middle East, environmental cleanup ex of electricity. The study predicted that if the tion should not become dependent on for penditures and other indirect expenses that "real" cost of plugging in appliances is un eign suppliers of oil and gas, especially when U.S. consumers are hardly accustomed to changed over the next two decades, electrical the major reserves are in nations not particu having tacked onto their electric bills or use may nearly triple. But, if the cost goes up larly friendly to the U.S.-the Arab states service-station tabs. "The days of cheap by 50 %-which seems more than likely--de and Russia. Furthermore, the U.S. balance of energy are definitely behind us," Robert Dun mand will increase by only 80% from its pres payments problem would only be worsened by lop, chairman of Sun Oil Oo., told the Nassau ent level. importing foreign oil and gas. conference. HOW TO CUT CONSUMPTION At a three-day energy conference spon Since 1970 the price that the prOducing Environmentalists are convinced that high sored by Time Inc. in April at Lyford Cay in countries receive for their crude has risen costs alone will not be enough to discourage Nassau (for list of participants see box page 72%, and the major multinational oil com excessive use of energy. Thus they were dis 48), top executives of U.S. energy companies panies are committed to additional tO% price mayed when President Nixon's energy mes offered sugggestions for alleviating the short hikes in each of the next two years. In addi sage failed to stress conservation as an im ages. Their strategy through 1985 would be tion, they are negotiating with officials of the portant tool in blunting the crisis. Nonethe to increase the domestic output of oil and Organization of Petroleum Exporting Coun less, an unlikely coalition of industrial, polit natural gas, and to build new energy facili tries (OPEC) on yet another price increase ical and environmental leaders are all call ties (power plants, refineries, pipelines). But that would compensate the exporters for the ing for measures to decrease the American the bill for this expansion, according to ex devaluation of the dollar in February. The appetite for energy Senator Henry M. Jack perts at the conference, would be at least price of interstate natural-gas shipments, son, who this week will introduce an energy $500 billion, too high for industry to pay which is regulated by the Federal Power conservation blll in the Senate, puts it this without federal help. The energy companies Commission, has never been allowed to sur way: "We need to ask whether we must de want the Government to allow the market pass 34¢ per 1,000 cu. ft. But if Congress votes spoil the hllls in Appalachia to air-condition place to set prices, to ease cumbersome en to deregulate natural-gas prices in new con sealed-glass towers in New York. We need to vironmental restrictions, and to open federal tracts, as Nixon proposed, the economists ex ask whether we must put ourselves in hock to lands and offshore areas to exploration for oil pect prices eventually to rise much closer to Middle Eastern sheikdoms to keep roads and gas. their current free-market level in intrastate clogged with gas-hungry cars." Thomas Kimball, head of the National shipments. Recently, that has been as high The fact is that conservation of energy Wildlife Federation, took a different tack. as 56¢ per 1,000 cu. ft.--or 65o/o higher than not only saves the environment but also "What we need," he told the conference, "is the regulated price. pays o1f financially. Last year the President's a national energy policy-not a. national en Next to food prices, there are few more Office of Emergency Preparedness concluded ergy sales policy." Most environmentalists visible forms of infiation than jumps in elec that the U.S. could reduce energy consump and consumerists want assurances that those tric bills or in the tabs for tankfuls of gas tion by the equivalent of 7.3 million bbl. of shortages will not cause the Federal Govern oline. Moreover, industries that use inordi oil a day; that would save about $11 billion ment either to reverse existing environment nate quantities of energy-aluminum, for ex in foreign exchange by 1980. laws or to allow big hikes in the price of ample-could be gravely injured by higher With a. reduction from the present annual energy. If the price of interstate gas were al prices, and all manufactured goods would be growth rate of 4.2% to about 2.2% by 1985, lowed to climb by 30%, they say, the value of affected to some extent. says the Ford Foundation's Freeman, "the natural-gas reserves would climb by $300 By 1980, based ou current prices and pro savings would be small at first, but would billion. This would stimulate more drilling, jected growth in demand, the nation's out grow steadily. And they would make the dif but it would also result in what critics call of-pocket expenditures for foreign oil might ference between a crisis and managing the "windfall profits" for industry. reach $17 billion annually v. $8 billion this problem." Indeed, because all the energy companies year. The staggering annual outflow of dol Conservationists point to the following would pass along higher costs to the con lars for oil is not inevitable, however. As Sec major areas in which large amounts of energy sumer, critics have charged that the energy retary of the Treasury George Shultz said at could be conserved: crisis could conceivably serve, in Freeman's Nassau: "We must struggle against these pro Transportation. In this sector, which now words, "as a. massive exercise in picking the jections so that they do not become accurate accounts for 25% of total U.S. energy use, pocket of the American consumer to the predictions." Another projection shows that the prime offender is the automobile. It not tune of billions of dollars a year." No one is between now and 1980 the oil-producing na only operates inefficiently (using only about suggesting a conspiracy to raise prices; the tions of the Middle East and North Africa 20% of the energy potential in gasoline; the literally hundreds of electric utilities, gas, alone stand to collect a quarter-trillion dol rest is thrown off in heat and exhaust), but coal and oil companies that all seek com lars for their natural riches, nearly all of it also is used wastefully. The Office of Emer petitive advantage over one another could not from Western Europe, Japan and the U.S. gency Preparedness says that 54% of all May 10, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15383 trips are less than five miles-e.g., simply $2 billion a year some scientists say is neces already have produced significant heating. driving to the corner drugstore to buy a pack sary to develop in time the alternative en Battelle Memorial Institute is proposing a of cigarettes. Even on longer commutes to ergy sources necessary to maintain a techno similar experiment in Montana. work, the average six-seat car contains only logical civilization. Some of the more prom Indeed, the U.S.'s potential geothermal re 1.4 people. To the dismay of Detroit, some ising sources: sources are so rich that a National Science conservationists propose a tax either on Synthetic fuels. The vast resources of coal Foundat ion report recently estimated they bigger engines (which burn more gasoline could be used to produce a variety of syn could generate the equivalent of today's than smaller ones) or on poor gas-mileage thetic fuels. In coal gasification, for instance, total U.S. electrical output by the year 2000. performance: cars getting more than 20 coal is brought in contact with steam. Hy Solar energy. Rooftop solar stoves, used to miles per gallon would escape the tax alto drogen atoms in the vapor combine with the heat water, are found in Australia, Israel and get her. Beyond that, all energy savers favor coal's carbon atoms to produce a hydro Japan as well as in some areas of the U.S. mass transit where possible-plus higher carbon similar to natural gas. Scientists now want to convert sunlight into commutation charges at tollgates and park A major hitch to coal-gasification schemes electricity-a much more difficult task. One ing lots to encourage car pools. is cost; all the heating and processing must technique, proposed by Aden and Marjorie Industry. Today's factories consume 39.5 % take place in expensive aboveground plants. Meine!, a man-and-wife-team of scientists at of all energy supplies. Shearon Harris, presi But Physicist Glenn C. Werth and his col the University of Arizona, involves spreading dent of Carolina Power & Light Co., revealed leagues at the AEC's Lawrence Livermore a "solar farm," consisting of piping contain at Nassau that his company is helping to Laboratory in California have proposed a ing a mixture of chemicals, over 25 sq. mi. of teach customers who consume more than less expensive alternative. They believe that desert. Heated by the sun, the mix would be $500,000 worth of electric energy a year how it may be possible to create methane in the used to make steam, which would power tur to reduce their usage by up to 10 % through earth by forcing oxygen and water into frac bines capable of producing some 1,000 mega changes in design and operating processes. tures created with the help of explosives in watt s of electricity. Recycling can also produce big savings. In coal seams. The cost, they figure, would be Winds and tides. Though the earth's winds the nonferrous-metals industry, for example, between 40 cents and 60 cents per 1,000 cu. are too irregular to serve as a major power recycling uses only 20 % as much energy as ft., less than the price of liquefied natural gas source. Marine Engineer William E. Herone is required to refine the metal originally. now delivered from overseas by tanker. mus figures that they could still be helpful. Freeman stressed the point: ..Our solid The vast amounts of shale found in Colo He suggests building high windmills out in wastes by and large contain a better-grade rado, Utah and Wyoming could also be im the ocean on fioating platforms, where they ore than our mines." portant sources of oil, yielding about 25 gal could generate the electrical power neces Housing. Together with commerce, housing lons for every ton excavated. Both shale sary to distill and break down sea water to consumes 35% of energy production. A major mining, which leaves great quantities of obtain hydrogen for fuel cells. The old idea saving can be made with proper insulation, waste material above the surface, and strip of tidal power is also getting new attention. because in the average home about 25% of mining for coal despoil the landscape. But By harnessing the daily rise and fall of the the heat escapes through the roof. Turning the exploited landscape could satisfactorily tides (average: 27 ft.) in the Rance River down the thermostat can also make a big be restored-at a price. estuary in Brittany, the French are produc difference. A difference of only two degrees There has also been a renewal of interest ing some 240 million watts of electricity. In year-round in American homes, says Univer in another artificially produced fuel: hydro North America, most of the promising tidal sity of Tennessee Physicist John R, Gibbons, gen, the lightest and most abundant element sites, like the Bay of Fundy between Maine could b.! the equivalent of saving 100 million in the universe, which can readily be pro and Canada, are located so far from poten tons of coal per year. Perpetually burning duced by electrolysis of water molecules. tial users in large population centers that pilot lights on gas stoves are another waste Highly combustible, it has already proved much of the cheap electricity would be dis ful luxury that can be eliminated. Moreover, its importance as a space-age fuel: it was sipated in transmission lines before it reach home electric bills could be cut if consumers a reaction of liquid hydrogen (at a tempera ed them. would buy the most efficient appliances. ture of less than -350° F.) and liquid oxygen Nuclear power. At present, 171 nuclear Electric heating is notoriously wasteful. The that gave NASA's big Saturn 5 rockets their power plants are either in use or in various least efficient air conditioner now on the final boost to the moon. Properly handled, stages of planning or construction in the market, for example, uses 2.6 times as much hydrogen might be burned to heat homes, U.S. But almost all are conventional water electricity as the most efficient one, while generate electricity or power cars; the only cooled reactors fueled by uranium 235, a rare accomplishing the same amount of cooling. major waste product is water. A more direct isotope of uranium that is becoming increas How is the consumer to know which appli use of hydrogen could be in efficient fuel ingly difficulty to mine and process economi ance is efficient? Conservationists want legis cells-battery-like devices, also used in space cally. To avoid a uranium "crunch," Presi lation that Will force appliance makers to craft, that produce an electric current from dent Nixon has ordered development by the label the efficiency of their products. For his a reaction of hydrogen and oxygen. -1980s of a new type of reactor called the part, President Nixon has asked manufac Magnetohydrodynamics. Even the best fast-breeder, a name derived from its unique turers to provide this information voluntar fossil-fuel plants operate at about 40 % effi capability: during the chain reaction, sur ily: their response remains to be seen. ciency. Only that portion of the fuel's energy plus neutrons from the atoms of U-235 in Offices and businesses. New York Architect is converte'i into electricity; the rest is sim its core bombard a surrounding blanket of Richard Stein reckons that there are plenty ply turned into waste heat. A more efficient U-238, a much more plentiful but nonfis of ways to cut energy costs in office buildings, power-generation scheme, magnetohydrody sionable form of uranium, and transmute starting with lighting standards. These are namics, creates an electric current by passing large amounts of it into plutonium. This fis set to meet unnecessarily high requirements, t:o~ stJ'eam of hot, ionized gas at high speed sonable byproduct can then be used as a fuel he says, and waste electricity. Stein also through a powerful magnetic field. MHD in other breeders. Thus breeders should be would avoid designing buildings with sealed, plants should be !..ble to operate at nearly able to stretch existing uranium supplies for all-glass facades (he advocatef\ windows that 50% efficiency. Unfortunately, the U.S. is several centuries. One big drawback: the open). Such little design changes, he esti leaving almost all research and development fission wastes are highly radioactive and ex mates, could reduce airconditioning needs by in MHD to the Russians, who figure that it tremely difficult to store. 20o/o . Others suggest staggered work shifts, . will eventually fill 10% of the!Jo electrical Most scientists believe that the long-range some at night or even on weekends, to ease needs. answer to man's energy needs may lie in peak daytime loads on power plants. Geothermal power. Though underground thermonuclear fusion. The process that fires All this will require legislatiol:', some of it reservoirs of steam and water have long been the sun and all the other stars, fusion re politically unpopular; most Americans will tapped in Iceland, New Zealand, Italy and leases enormous amounts of energy-but resent being pushed into mass transit or Japan, the only large geothermal enterprise only small amounts of dangerous radioactiv having to pay more for housing because of in the U.S. is a steam field known as the ity-through the combination of light atoms revised building codes. Still, several states Geysers in California's Sonoma County. of hydrogen to form heavier atoms of helium. are preparing legislation to break what Mas There, steam from deep in the earth drives The earth's seas contain an almost unlim sachusetts Governor Francis Sargf'!nt calls turbogenerai.ors that produce some 302,000 ited store of an isotope of hydrogen especi "the endless cycle of energy addiction." kw. of electricity, roughly 40% of San Fran ally suitable as fusion fuel: deuterium, or cisco's total requirements. FAR-OUT AND FAR-OFF SOLUTIONS heavy hydrogen. A greater ehallenge to scientists lies in But controlled fusion, as opposed to the No matter how efficiently man exploits, finding ways of utilizing the earth's internal uncontrolled variety in an H-bomb, is ex delivers and uses the earth's remaining oil heat in the vast areas that are relatively bar tremely difficult to achieve. Not only must and gas deposits, they may well be all gone ren of subterranean water. One proposal, the deuterium be confined in a dense plasma, in little more than a half-century. Coal de under test by the AEC's Los Alamos Scientific but it also must be heated to temperatures posits will last centuries, but getting at Laboratory, involves sinking two side-by-side of some hundred million degrees. Even if them without ruining the landscape and holes deep into the earth until they reach fusion research is vastly expanded, thermo burning coal without hopelessly polluting hot basement rock (approximately l,OQQo nuclear power will probably not be a.va.ila.ble the atmosphere will require new technologies F.). Then by pumping cold water into one as a.n energy source for decades to come. and additional inputs of energy, Yet the hole, the scientists hope to extract steam Until those alternative technologies can Nixon Administration's new budget calls for from the other. Project Director Morton fulfill their promise, however, the U.S. must only $770 million for research and develop Smith reports that test borings to a. depth of continue to rely on conventional fuels-and ment in the energy field-far less than the only 2,500 ft. (v. the final goal of 7,500 !>t.) to confront the problems that their procure-
- 15384 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 10, 1973 ment and use entail. As the environmental to supply the new "commodities" of cleanli where 70 per cent of the world's people con movement demonstrated, how fast and effec ness and safety for people. gregate. (53% of the people in the U.S. live tively the nation faces up to those problems But we cannot do this by naively overstated within 50 miles of the coast; projections say depends largely on public awareness that an goals of "zero risk" which may stlfie in by the year 2000 80% of the U.S. population energy crisis exists; it was only after the air ventiveness, initiative and the production Will live in the same area.) and waters had become dangerously polluted of new things for people's health, mobility, The land use battle that is going on all that the public awoke and demanded the improved shelter and food. Some people are over the United States is being fought in steps that are now gradually beginning to already inhibiting innovations by naive the context of the current environmental turn the tide of pollution. The U.S. may have overstatements of possible side effects and concern-it is most intensely fought over even less time to make important decisions risks that these might present. the use of the coasts and it is a perfectly about energy. When the gas tanks run dry Similarly, the naively overstated goal of proper concern to view one of the most im and the light.B begin to blink out, it will be "zero effluents" prevents our developing pro portant and unique uses of the immediate too late. ductivity-especially the productivity that coast and beach as being for people's recrea we need to enhance our environment. No tion. one will argue that great, planned, prac~ical I endorse the validity of land use and en BOUNTIFUL GRANTS OF THE SEA efforts must be znade to prevent the further vironmental concerns. Should we not then pollution of our land, air and water. have a vigorous national program of sea use We need to move toward a better public to move such activities as we can, that are understanding of what I've called an "eco presently cluttering up the shoreline, out to HON. GERALD R. FORD librium" position-balancing the desired sea? OF MICHIGAN ecology (an harmonious pattern between or The bounds of land are only the bounds IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ganisms and their environment) with the of men's minds limiting their imagination. Tuesday, May 8, 1973 necessary economy (the management of af If what I am going to say seems like dreams fairs with a view to maintaining productiv to some of you, I remind you that you and Mr. GERALD R. FORD. Mr. Speaker, ness). I have had dreams and seen them rapidly in connection with our approval of H.R. "Zero risk." Nonsense! There must be more become reality. If some of the components 5452, the sea grant college and program realistic awareness in all activities that there of what I suggest seem like stunts, I would is an acceptable risk and that it is not zero. remind you that you and I have seen stunts authorization, I wish to insert excerpts "Zero effluents." Also nonsense! There must becomo routine. from a fasCinating address on the future be more awareness that in the use of the Indeed, dreams are stuff that practical utilization of oceanic resources by one components of our environment-air, land progress is made on. of the foremost authorities on this sub and water-there is an acceptable burden of Non-en gineering or status quo practices ject, Dr. Athelstan Spilhaus, board man's wastes of the proper kind that these are the material for nightmares. Dreams go chairman of the Oceanic Education components can carry and that this is not beyond the state of the art and challenge the Foundation: zero. state of the heart of innovators. Stout hearts There must be more awareness of the fact can take us beyond present art. BOUNTIFUL GRANTS OF THE SEA that one proper use of air and water is to Fifteen years ago in a little pamphlet (By Athelstan Spihaus) dirty it-whether we use it in the organisms called "Turn to the Sea," I dreamt about I am very pleased to be afforded the op that are our bodies or in the organisms we man's return to the sea. I compiled dreams portunity to address this stimulating forum call industry. We should be aware that cer of the study and use of the sea into a little at which the University of Virginia is evi tainly both our own body organisms and story. Almost all of those dreams have come dencing its commitment to oceanic educa the organisms we call industry would die to pass today-have become reality. tion in a effort to help man turn again, to the under a policy of zero effluents. Man has indeed been turning to the sea sea. There must be awareness that water and and returning to the sea for thousands upon This is the right time to turn more to air are commodities that we must use, clean thousands of years. the sea. We are seeing a burgeoning of aspira and reuse, just as the commodity food is The first light that warned sailors of dan tion and concern of people with regard to grown, used and regrown. We must think gerous shoals and rocks or guided them into the quality of their environment. Such as of the culture of our air and water-atmo protective harbors safe from storms was prob pirations and concern are excellent. But culture and hydroculture, if you like-as we ably a fire on a cape. The first lighthouses what is not excellent is some of these peo think of agriculture today. were built on shores, but the lighthouse ple's over-simple attacks on industry and We must realize that there is a cost for then tiptoed out to sea--at first onto a shoal technology, attacks often without alterna these new commodities-air and water-that and for their day, what daring and imagina tive positive proposals. What is not excel cleaning up is not a one-shot proposition, but tive structures these lighthouses seemed that lent is the uninformed concern leading to a continual added cost to the commodities were built so far at sea! But then the lights unrealistic stringent controls, often with im which we borrow from our environment. stepped further out on fioating houses-the possibly short time scales of accomplishment. Above all, there must be awareness that light ships. These, I believe, can inhibit the very in to continue to give people the things they Harbors have traditionally been at the dustry, technology and productivity that we need to ease their lives and at the same time meeting point of sea, air and land-the worst need to use to give us the quality environ preserve a clean environment and a clean point where tides, waves, winds and shoals ment to which we aspire. world will take more energy per capita, not combine to make the harbor a potentially Doom forecasts are 111ostly based on what less, Starting with a given population to dangerous entity as well as a refuge. As ships will happen if we don't do some things dif achieve the intermediate steps involving food, grow larger and larger they cannot come into ferently. We see the problems and as en cleanliness of the environment, better in these dangerous harbors and so they dis gineers we tackle them. We do, indeed, need door environment quality, housing, to reduce charge their cargoes often to smaller ships to do some things differently and on a very d epletion of resources, we need to increase an uneconomical process. Now we fill tankers large scale in regard to our environmental the basic currency of civilization for each in from buoys out to sea, and in the North Sea problems. dividual-namely the energy at his com companies are building artificial islands as An engineer's analysis of the future should mand. h arbors for large vesselS. Harbors too are start from where we are and predict what This is where we come to the sea and to striding out to sea. must be done. An engineer should not mere the tit le of my talk Bountiful Grants of the But now they must stride more quickly ly sit back and pzedict the inevitable result Sea which relates to the Sea Grant Pro because they have the gun of environmental of carrying on present practices. He should gram's purpose to make available to people restrictions on land at their backs. And the design the future-not just let it happen. the Grants of the Sea. moral duty of meeting the impending energy Our people, on the average, I believe, are A grant is a gift for a particular purpose shortage which is beckoning them to sea. living in the most bountiful age-healt hier, and in this way the principal potential grant Land use restrictions and the envir on cleaner, better educated, bett er nourished, of the sea to man is the space it offers him mental concerns, thus, if too extreme and better than they have ever lived before. to extend his living to the other three-quar too hasty in their implementat ion, will cause In fact, so good is the living, they they can ters of the earth. The most bountiful grant companies to export plants, refineries, and now afford these newer aspirations. There is of the sea is space-space to offer znan for jobs that go with them. And in addition, this nothing wrong with these aspirations. 'They're his activities; space close to the coasts where exporting will merely move the pollution as great. people crowd; space close to the majority sociated with them to someone else's back These aspirations deal, on the one hand, of the cities of the world; space close to the yard. Would it not be better by good imag with an increasing protective attitude to principal terminals of world trade. Coast inative engineering and the provision of a people, and on the other hand, with the lines, after all are a constant length. They sufficient time scale, to retain these plants, overconcern for an over-clean en"<'ironment. are lines-one dimensional yet man and his refineries, and the jobs and wealth that go In both of these worthwhile objectives, there activities are three-dimensional. with them and to contain the pollution as lurks the danger of ignorant, overemphasis So far, man has broadened his coastline sociated with them? We can do this by con to the extent of inhibiting national produc by extending it inland. He has so far not sidering imaginatively the proper use of the tiveness. broadened his coastline by extending it much sea. On the other hand, if we plan properly and out to sea. We come inescapably to the fact We must completely reverse the current imaginatively to move toward these new as that any land use plan must also be a sea popular doom-saying attitude towards en pirations, we can both stimulate produc use plan. But the sea has space to offer us ergy. Far from curtailing our energy pro tiveness and initiate new kinds of industries and particularly space near to the shores duction, we must vigorously increase the May 10, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15385 amount of energy we produce so that we as mined phosphate rock or the production complexes we will put together in the future. may invest some of this energy in producing of such things as magnesium from seawater. But the question is: new energy sources. One of the great costs of extracting things How can we in the U.S. take a step jump Nuclear power is the most important in from seawater is that you have to pump an and put the whole system together instead vestment we can make. Yet it, too, has a gun awful lot of water, but if you pump this of whittling ~ecemeal and having to solve behind its back. People live on the coastline. water, you may be able to use the same all the public policy questions and the Power plants are necessary where the people pumps and use the water for several pur endless national and international debates are. Power plants choose sites on capes or poses-extracting minerals, deriving fresh over and over again for each step we take seashores where they're close to the people water, using cool water for air conditioning. seaward? and to the huge amounts of water required Airports are somewhat in the same plight It is probably not economical for an in for their cooling. Yet, environmental pres as power plants. They need to be near where dividual activity by itself-for example, oil surists delay and prevent these plants from the people are. Yet they can occupy huge refining-to move out to sea as a single ac being built. By putting these plants at sea, tracts of land near the cities that people tivity and in the short time scale available can we have our cape, and heat it too? constantly need for other purposes. Traffic to meet the urgent energy demands. But, if Harbors are urgently needed and in con congestion on the ground to and from the we join uses in a systems concept that has a. nection with the same problem-energy, the center of the city reduces the airports' use common kind of underpinning, moving out fundamental currency of civilization. Yet fulness. Airports are also under fire for in to sea is feasible. The total cost of such a the kinds of harbors that we need for the creasing noise, and the planes are under re sea complex would be less than the sum of ships of the future-the huge safe ships of strictions relating to the reduction of power the individual costs of the components and the future-are ones which, if we build them on take-off and land that either increases the total system will add more in social in the existing way on the shoreline, will the hazard of flying or increases the cost of value, environmental and economic gains take this shoreline away from the use of the aircraft by having to over-power them. for society than the sum of the individual people for their recreation. Couldn't airports move out and join the com social goods of the components of the system. The cheapest way of transporting oil is by plex at sea? But how to do it? First of all, public tanker over the sea. The larger the tanker, A city anywhere must start with a purpose. policy-that is, new policies and new think the more economical it is. And the more Then people come to work toward that pur ings in government, industry and the uni safe it should be made from spillage and pose and build houses to house the workers, versities. The policy dimensions are so great from collision. and thus the city grows. This is the proper that government's initiative must be compar We do not have a single harbor in the way for a city to grow; otherwise, if one able to former national goals that we have United States that can accept the half-mil builds a city at sea, you will have merely a achieved in space and in atomic energy. But lion ton tankers that the Japanese, for one, bedroom city or a city in search of a pur industry's effort is probably larger than even are building to use tomorrow. To adopt the pose. But the multiple uses I've described the largest of our industries would undertake expedient of o1Iloading these tankers into here constitute the real purpose of what we alone. We must recognize that the basic un small barges is the wrong way to go. This might call a sea city. With airports and har derpinning of science and technology that increases the possibility of spills and pollu bors, hotels for travelers would be necessary, we will need and that our universities can tion. Can we not take the harbor out to sea as would housing for the freight handlers, contribute is greater than that any single and contain the oil spills? the airport workers, and harbor workers. university can provide. The size of the engi I believe that proper engineering can com Hotels at airports on land have to be insu neering and management job to be done re pletely protect shore and adjacent waters lated from the aircraft noise. What better quires new crossings, new meetings and new from pollution and spills near the coast. A insulator could there be than seawater with agglomerations in government departments, harbor out to sea would be the garage, the hotel accommodations within the huge floats among industries, and among universities. marina of highly sophisticated spill equip or pylons beneath the sea surface. Travelers For government, we know that already ment. A harbor to sea would have the spill would truly have an "ocean view"-from there are positive discussions going on in emergency equipment, an environmental below! Washington on inter-agency cooperation in control brigade, just as a city on land has a. Recreational facilties-marinas and sub the new uses of the sea so that the Maritime fire brigade-for emergencies. marinas, underwater parks, things that are Administration with its harbor problems, the Submarine tankers are an imaginative all in their embryo stages, would join the AEC with its nuclear plants, the EPA with idea, but they have been ruled out in the past complex away from the shore. its waste disposal and NOAA with 1ts ex because of the complications of offloading You will all recognize, I'm sure, this com perimental platforms can join with FAA them on the surface. However, if they can plex is just the putting together of many and its airports to plan a synergistic sea sys offload underwater into submerged pipelines, well known suggestions. tem. I wonder, however, whether inter-agen they may someday become feasible. In fact, many parts of this complex are cy cooperation is sufficient. We will need to Fishing, for the U.S. fishing vessels, has being worked on already, either in Sea Grant jump that barrier that defines the tradi only one hope-to take a technological over Programs or in related programs. tional missions of government departments. leap in automation and sophistication. To Work is going on on the sea environment, We have a sea agency in NOAA, but if NOAA justify this cost, fishing vessels must spend marine resources, aquaculture, the better use and its parent department, Commerce, are more time at sea and less in port. They of foods from the sea such as squid, the dis to embark on this massive program, they must be coupled to fish factories. One can position of food wastes, offshore petroleum, too must have the support, clout and muscle imagine these fish factories and processing ocean borne commerce, port design, commod commensurate to do the job. plants associated with a complex out at sea. ity transport, liquefied natural gas, harbor This cannot be done unless the govern separating the seafood wastes from the food traffic control, navigation, oil pollution and ment sets up, as they did in atomic energy parts and piping the food parts into shore preventing its spread at sea, and aquaculture. and in space, the sea-use project as a na through pipelines. Also, people have been making sophisticated tional goal on a time scale that is both real The catching vessels could discharge rapid analyses of complex ocean structures neces istically long enough to achieve its aims, ly to the harbors at sea. directly to the fish sary to support various sealoads. And most yet realistically short enough to meet the processing plants there. The wastes of the important there are people in public policy urgency. fishes themselves could be treated and used working on the development of public ac Perhaps in addition to the watchdog En as nutrients for beneath the sea portions of ceptance of the proper uses of the sea-ac vironmental Protection Agency, we need an these complexes which would be used for ceptance not only naturally by the public but Environmental Promotion Agency! fish farming. Thus, aquaculture would grow also acceptance within what will have to be On the international governmental side, if around the sea city just as agriculture sur a new structure of national and international we are to move complexes out to sea we get rounds our land cities. law and policy. involved with the knotty problems of the Organic wa-stes from the land could be Actual engineering works are going on in internat ional law of the sea. Practical con piped out to waste treatment plants at sea, some of these directions. Recently we read siderations are dictated by nature-how there to be used for aquaculture purposes. of the offshore nuclear plant which is to be steeply does the seabottom shelve into deep I was recently fascinated to learn of a most floated three miles off the Jersey coast. Some enough water-we will often be in con.fiict exciting project being conducted at MIT to of us know of John Craven's imaginative with the arbitrary man-made limits of three, irradiate sewage with electron beams and model of a floating city to be associated with twelve or X miles. Where water is shallow, destroy viruses, bacteria, and deactivate de the bicentennial celebrations in Hawaii. And as in the Gulf of Mexico, we may need to go tergents, so that the sewage can be returned again in Hawaii, Honolulu's airport is to far out; where water is deeper, not so far. either to the land or to the ocean with be multiplied in capacity by extending a. It seems that we can resolve these problems fertilizing instead of polluting effects. This runway on a reef offshore, and others axe better by multilateral or bilateral agree is a tremendously important project. I hope planning a port offshore to serve Texas. These ments of the states and nations affected with the MIT project will find economical ways things are going on in our country. due regard to particular geographical situa to make the sewage safe to put back on the But other nations are ahead of us. The tions, rather than by any blanket interna land or in the sea. Japanese already have great plans for a float tional agreements that would tend to pre Low-grade heat (so-called "waste heat") ing city. European nations around the North sume a geographical sameness of all situa could be used also in aquaculture to regulate Sea are planning-some even building-a. tions. t he temperature of the water to the opti considerable number of offshore harbor and In industry, the size of the effort necessary mum conditions for fish farming. industrial islands in the North Sea. All of to accomplish this task is such that we will The extraction of minerals from the sea these steps are good ones, and they can con need to abandon old or social assumptions could also be done in these complexes, such tribute the experience they represent to the of the badness of size, of monopolies, and 15386 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 10, 1973 of cartels. In industry, we will need to see Commenting on President Nixon's order, At the end of January, the VA's proposed associations of a number of our very larger Carr said: slashes in compensation for disabled Viet industrial concerns to achieve the building "The President is to be commended for nam veterans were detected by the V.F.W. of the complex. Far from discouraging part his speedy decision on this, once he was thor Washington staff in a footnote to a chart nerships among our largest industries, we oughly informed of the implications for the included with the VA's figures. Carr said: will need to encourage new kinds of combina Vietnam veterans of these new rating sched "They appeared under the guise of 'certain tions, new kinds of consortiums of indus ules. He has shown that he has compassion refinements' in the amount of compensa tries, perhaps in the manner of the space for the men who fought for our country in tion to be paid for disabilities." p rogram. Vietnam. Our disabled Vietnam veteran is not On Jan. 30 Carr called the proposed budg Universities which must supply much of a second-class citizen now that he has re et "inadequate and insulting" and said "at the scientific and technological underpinning turned from the fight." a time when additional staff and funding of enterprises in the sea will likewise need After thoroughly analyzing the implica are desperately needed for medical care for to int egrate the separate pieces that are go tions of the proposed VA budget, Com this country's veterans, VA budget slashers ing on, both under the Sea Grant Program mander-in-Chief Carr and the V.F.W. Wash have ignored the men and women who gave and in related programs in many institutions ington staff mobilized opinion on Capitol Hill so much for their nation." in the United States. Here we need, to give and the White House against the discrimina It was compensation and pensions that a contract to some institution to bring to tory rating schedules. Carr found "most disturbing" because they gether, to colTelate, and to aim all the devel Because of a statutory provision, World would "take money out of the pocket of the opments in sea use toward the synergism War I, World War II and most Korean vet-er veteran." He commented: "We cannot turn and economy that could be gained in a com ans who have been receiving compensation our backs on the veteran now that the guns bined complex. for more than 20 years for service-connected of war no longer sound. This country has al We don't need to invent how to do this. disabilities are protected by law against ways realized its obligation to those who We have many examples where national slashes. have served her well. False economy will not scientific and technological talents is or has Feb. 9 Carr urged V.F.W. leadership to buy real savings. America may need her sons been coordinated for special tasks. notify congressmen that the V.F.W. "does and daughters again." · Jefferson, in 1801, wrote about the ocean, not tolerate this kind of treatment of our Jan. 29, the day the VA budget proposals "Nature .. . has made it common to all for comrades who have been seriously wounded were sent to Congress, came to be known as the purposes to which it is fitted." How and disabled during the Vietnam War and "black Monday." about a Jefferson Center perhaps under the that the proposed reduction in compensation fitting aegis University of Virginia dedicated payment be canceled." In the V.F.W. publication Veterans Ben to the development of these purposes for The 1974 VA budget, Carr said, "shows a efits News issued in Washington, the or which the ocean is fitted? complete disregard for the needs of America's ganization attributed the VA budget to This project viewed in its holistic sense former fighting men, particularly the Viet budget slashers "notwithstanding favorable and not in fragmented components is the nam veterans." Commenting in his letter on Presidential statements." challenge I see for all of us as, more and the proposed new disability rating schedule, Carr's reaction to the 1974 budget dis more, we turn to the sea. claimed to be aimed at saving $160 million a tributed on Jan. 30 was placed in the Senate year, Carr said "this is most astounding and record Jan. 31 during testimony of Francis incredible. At a time when the Administra W. Stover, V.F.W. National Legislative Serv VFW ACTS TO SAVE VET'S tion is trying to negotiate peace in Vietnam ice Director, before a Subcommittee on PENSIONS and bring the POWs home, the budget Health and Hospitals of the Senate Veterans makers are recommending that $160 mil Affairs Committee conducting hearings on lion be saved at the expense of wounded the Veterans Health Care Bill. HON. WILLIAM S. MOORHEAD and disabled Vietnam veterans, who have Events moved rapidly after Feb. 10 when OF PENNSYLVANIA been doing the fighting in Southeast Asia. Carr's views were made known to President IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "Even more incredible and shocking, it Nixon, who, Sen. Vance Hartke (Ind.), Chair comes at a time when there are indications man of the Senate Veterans Affairs Commit Thursday, May 10, 1973 that more than $1 billion in aid is being tee, said, was misled on the issue by the bu Mr. MOORHEAD of Pennsylvania. considered for North Vietnam and the Viet reaucrats, and added that "the mere threat Mr. Speaker, several weeks ago the Cong. of doing this to people who have given their "The helicopter and outstanding medical all" increases the need for remedial action. Nixon administration announced a pro attention in the Vietnam War permitted Rep. John Paul Hammerschmidt (Ark.) , posal to cut the disability compensation much better care of the wounded than ever ·a member of the House Veterans Affairs of many veterans, including a large before and it returned more permanently Committee, said, "I suppose the OMB was number of Vietnam-era soldiers. disabled and wounded," he added. "These looking for places to cut and not looking on This action was immediately de Vietnam veterans need at least as much com beyond the humanitarian side." nounced in the Halls of Congress by pensation as their comrades of other wars." Rep. William Jennings Bryan Dorn (S.C.), many of us and by groups all over the Here are some examples of Vietnam vet Chairman of the House Veterans Affairs country. eran compensation slashes that would have Committee, and Hartke prepared two bills gone into effect if the V.F.W. had not acted: to stop the proposed rating schedule from The Veterans of Foreign Wars Amputation of a leg from the hip socket, taking effect and to freeze compensation for planned a significant role in turning currently carrying a 90% rating and $275 Vietnam Veterans as it is for veterans of back this "cost saving" plan, not because a month, would have plummeted to 40% and previous wars. they believe in excessive Government $106. Again the Washington Post noted that spending, but because they, like I, know Loss of a hand, now a 70 % disability and "No one caught the trend until the V.F.W." that there is plenty of fat in the Fed $212 a month, would have been slashed to called it to the attention of Congressional eral budget which should be trimmed 40% and $106. and White House leaders. before the OMB bureacrats cast their Loss of an arm at the shoulder, a 90 % The final act in this drama of discrimina hungry eyes on veterans' pensions. disability now compensated at $275, would tion against the Vietnam veteran came on A constituent of mine, Mr. John have been reduced to 60 % and $179. Feb. 14 when President Nixon ordered the A complete hearing loss, currently an 80 % VA to withdraw its proposed rating schedule. Krostyne, gave me a copy of an article disability with $275 a month, would have Its successful outcome is clearly a victory which appeared recently in the VFW been lowered to 30% and $77. for the V.F.W. magazine about the battle to save vet Loss of speech, now a 100 % disability and However, continued alertness, backed by erans' pensions. $495 a month, would have dropped to 70% a membership greater than the V.F.W.'s pres I include this article in the RECORD at and $212. ent 1.8 million, will be needed to prevent this time: Cert ain internal injuries now rated at further moves by the budget slashers to im VFW BLOCKS VIETN AM DISABILITY CUT 100 % and $495 would have been cut in half peril veterans benefits, for as Dorn and Immediate action by the Veterans of For to 50 % and $149, while another one that is Hartke contend, this recent incident "is the eign Wars has halted an attempt by the now 100% would have been slashed to 40% tip of the iceberg.'' Veterans Administration to slash disability and $106. Cuts in payments to dependents compensation for Vietnam veterans. also were planned. The success of the V :F.W. in gaining Presi The speed and effectiveness of the V :F.W. HONORING KIMIKO "KIMI" FUJII den t Nixon's intervention to force the VA drew this comment from an unnamed Con to withdraw its proposed revised rating gressional source quot ed in the Washington HON. DON EDWARDS schedule is another reason American veterans Post: "The V .F .W. came on strong against OF CALIFORNIA need the V.F.W. and the V.F.W. needs a the cuts." vast ly increased membership. The same newspaper, which devoted ex IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "Membership is the answer to attacks such as this one," said V.F .W. Commander-in tensive coverage to the proposed rating Thursday, May 10, 1973 Chief Patrick E. Carr. "Everyone in govern ganizations, "the V.F.W. takes the lead, some schedule, implied thet among veterans or Mr. EDWARDS of California. M'l". ment understands large membership. If we Speaker, Kimiko "Kimi" Fujii of Hay- have more we can do more." follow and others do nothing." May 10, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15387 • ward, Calif. was recently selected Hay are removed from consideration, it ap on the steps of the OEO building. The only pears the members of the press are most things burning these days are half-finished ward's distinguished citizen for 1972 by condominiums (which is white-collar crime the Hayward Lions Club. Chosen because concerned. The reason for this is, of hence scarely news at all). Only the Indians of her tireless effort to make our com course, that when Howard Phillips took are stimulating the media these days--but munity a better place and her willing over the reins as Acting Director of OEO, there just aren't enough Indians to go around ness to serve mankind by involvement. the war in Vietnam was ending and the to satiate the media's voracious appetite for Miss Fujii is the fourth woman to receive press needed some issue to take its place. violence and misery. this award since its inception in 1932 and The time has come again to put the re Let's look at the reasons why the disman the first woman to receive it since 1949. structuring of OEO in its proper per tling of the war on poverty isn't news-at least not big news. It's very simple; it doesn't A personal friend for many years, I have spective. For those who have had the concern a hell of a lot of people. For sure seen first-hand the inspired and dedi opportunity to study what Mr. Phillips is it doesn't concern the poor. Whatever benefits cated efforts she has devoted to all her doing at OEO, they will realize that he is the poor derived from OEO, if any, are so activities. I certainly consider her one revitalizing aid to the poor by redirect small as to defy measurement. It wasn't food; of Hayward's most outstanding people. ing programs which have had a miser that came from the Department of Agricul An article follows: able history of failure. ture. Certainly not education, or health care; Actually then, it would appear that those dollars came from HEW. Jobs? Accord DISTINGUISHED CITIZEN FOR 1972 ing to one authoritative source, 25 per cent Born and raised in Hayward, Miss Fujii Mr. Phillips is creating good news. of the nation's Blacks still live at Roosevelt is involved in the family wholesale nursery I submit the following article from the era depression levels. business, Fujii Co., Inc., and its retail outlet, April issue of the Colorado Monthly Re You can't stage a play without players. The Fujii's Florist, at 24949 Soto Road. view for the RECORD: would-be actors in this latest, Fourth Estate, During World War II, she and most of her FAT CATS SKINNED--SO \VHO CARES? Ltd., production are just too hip to go for family were placed in a concentration camp (By Clarke Watson) it. They're not going to march so some pov in Utah. After a year there, she gained ad erty chieftain can continue to draw down mission to the University of Wisconsin, from The OEO brouhaha is being fed and fanned $30,000 annually while they can't get up which she graduated with majors in botany by the press. Both national and local media thirty bucks to fend off the landlord. Pe::J and art history. Miss Fujii's interests are have embarked upon a course whereby they ple aren't going to mobilize so some jive varied. In private life they include cooking, alone are generating, indeed fomenting dis talkin' pre-OEO hustler can maintain writing Haiku poetry, attending art shows, content. In the tradition of Hollywood they blondes, Cadillacs and plastic high-rise apart concerts and plays, hiking and travel. She are writing the script, setting the stage and ments on poverty payroll checks. No way, takes great pride and interest in her Japa casting the roles of good guys and bad guys. since the homes of the poor are not safely nese heritage. But unlike Hollywood, whose audiences are ensconsed behind chandeliered lobbies and As for her public life, she's been quoted generally apathetic fantasy-seekers, the au braided doormen, and love, not blondes is im as saying: "You can either sit at home and dience of the press is stimulated to action by portant--indeed a factor of survival in the rot or you can get involved. And you'd better what it sees and reads. Accusations and cold, impersonal world of the ghetto. get involved." counteraccusations are lodged. Name calling And that, fellow journalists, is the breaks. She has. Like the 16 years she's spent as and threats occur. You can't have drama without dramatis per a member of the Hayward branch of the The Selling of the Pentagon was a prime sonae. You're dealing with a tempest in a American Association of University Women. example of how so-called innocent public teapot which, in retrospect, is quite unfortu Or having been president of the District rela,tions was in fact a deliberate Def3nse nate since so many real, significant, heart Agricultural Association, which puts on the Department mass communications effort to rendering problems still confront the nation. annual California Spring Garden Show. influence the American public. Yet the But apparently these problems are too sensi Or becoming the first woman director on American press indulges in its own brand of tive for an "enlightened" press to perceive. the AC Transit District board. Pentagonism every day in order to urge peo She is a board member of the Oakland ple to buy its products and accept its legiti Southern Alameda County branch of the macy. American Red Cross, a member of the Ala The press role in interpreting-or more SHORTAGE OF FOOD meda County Commission for the Prevention accurately misinterpreting-facts and events of Juvenile Delinquency, a charter member concerning OEO is shocking, and its underly of the Hayward Area Historical Society, a ing motives appalling. Before we get into HON. WM. JENNINGS BRYAN DORN 10-year member and past president of the specifics let's look more closely at the mo OF SOUTH CAROLINA Hayward Human Relations Commission, a tives: The war (Vietnam) has wound down IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES member of the St. Rose Hospital advisory and all the romanticism of apple-pie-faced board and an executive board member of the POW's kissing God, the soil, and Nixon is Thursday, May 10, 1973 Democratic State Central Committee. still not enough to fill the void. Indeed it In addition, she has been a member for 26 can't. The simple reason being you can't re Mr. DORN. Mr. Speaker, it is not too years of the Eden Township chapter of the place bad news with good news. Media mo late to plant a garden and fight inflation Japanese-American Citizens League and is guls are starving for bad news, need it in the and the high cost of food. I commend to active in the East Bay chapter of the San quantity it was being cranked out of South the attention of my colleagues and to Francisco Ballet Guild. She is also a member east Asia. Unfortunately downed airliners, the American people my newsletter urg of the American Carnation Society and the the covert war in Laos and Cambodia, the ing the planting of vegetables and Northern California Carnation Growers Soci money crisis and the usual glut of murder flowers: ety. and mayhem just don't quite fill the pages left empty by the war's cessation. MAY 7, 1973. Now for the specifics: OEO, given the press' FOOD SHORTAGE? way, is a godsend. The fire and brimstone of You can fight high food prices by planting NEW DffiECTIONS OF OEO ARE domestic discord, which sold so much copy a garden. We have had a cold, wet, late spring GOODNEWS in the '60s, just possibly could be fanned so now is a good time to plant beans, peas, anew. (Perhaps should be-but that's an corn, tomatoes, and other home-grown vege other subject.) So in its desperation the tables. Try some okra. There are over 300 HON. JOHN E. HUNT press has seized upon OEO with all the fer known recipes for preparing okra. Clemson OF NEW JERSEY vor of a cheap Hollywood thriller. Howard University has developed over 90 varieties of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Phillips is portrayed in the March 5 issue okra. It is not too late to set out onions. of Newsweek as "OEO chief and executioner" Two years ago we could buy onions for 12c Thursday, May 10, 1973 because of his role in phasing out OEO. On a lb.-now onions are 39c a lb. and may not Mr. HUNT. Mr. Speaker, one of the March 2 the Denver Post ran two pieces criti be available at all later this year due to a major questions concerning the restruc cizing the OEO cutback, and one that sup blight on onions in some sections of the ported it. And shame on Straight Creek Jour country. turing of OEO is to how best define those nal, the local "alternative" newspaper. They Tomatoes can be grown almost anywhere individuals who are upset by such ac should know better. Nevertheless they ran even on the 39th fioor of apartment build tivities. The poor are certainly not dis two tear-jerking articles in successive Feb ings, next to sidewalks, vacant lots and near turbed because the poor never re ruary issues which, if anything, simply re your shrubbery. Congressman Tom Steed of ceived any substantive benefits from flect their gross misunderstanding of poverty Oklahoma once grew 3¥2 bushels of tomatoes OEO. The poverty bureaucrats are con and what it's all about. on one vine during one summer and fall But alas, the actors are refusing to coop- branches from this plant extended for 18 ft. cerned but they are a very small groUP. erate. A mere 20,000 people (OEO employees on a trellis. Surplus tomatoes, beans, cucum Yet someone must be concerned because and relatives) descended on Washington to bers, peas, butterbeans, etc., can be canned OEO has received a great deal of pub protest the poverty cuts as compared to the at home or frozen for winter consumption. licity in the past few months. 400,000 (poor) of the good ol' Martin Luther Butterbeans, peas can be dried for winter In the final analysis, after the above King days. No one has shot Howard Phillips food supply. My mother in depression days 15388 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 10, 1973 w~uld soak dried peas overnight and cook taxpaying citizens from handicapped throughout my district in a mobile con slowly over fire in woodstove with hambone people too often neglected by our so nothing better on cold winter days with gressional office. "crackling cornbread." ciety. As you can imagine nearly everyone Dr. T. L. Senn, of Clemson University, re Job training, rehabilitation services, of the more than 500 people I personally cently said: "Everyone needs something to and full-and part-time employment are talked with was upset and worried over do, something to love and something to hope offered to those suffering from a wide high prices. for." Clemson's "Garden for the Blind" is range of physical, mental, and emotional Two constituents of mine, Mr. and an inspiration to the handicapped, the lone handicaps. Mrs. Joseph Price, stopped by my office ly, the mentally ill, as well as to the elderly Used, reparable items, donated to and during our discussion gave me an and the young. Blind children are employed Goodwill instead of being added to our to work in this garden-a blind man con editorial which appeared in the April is ducts tours of sightless people through the overloaded trash heaps, are refurbished sue of the American Association of Re garden "showing" the sights through his own and sold by the handicapped workers. tired Persons Bulletin. blind eyes. I was once thrilled to have blind The sales provide most of the working I found the article's logic and sly hu children show me flowers and vegetables capital for Goodwill, with the Goodwill mor impeccable and I would like to in they had raised. If you are concerned about Industrial Shop and other contributions troduce it to the RECORD for the informa your health, plant a garden. If you are tense, making up the rest. tion of my colleagues. plant a garden. Plant a garden of vegetables Mr. Speaker, I know from first-hand and flowers. It is the b-est ment al and physi FOOD PRICES: WHO SHOULD Do WHAT? cal therapy known. observation that the Buffalo Goodwill Somebody should be doing something Last spring a friend from Alabama brought Industries, Inc., performs a tremendous about skyrocketing food prices. The p1·oblem by truck thousands of tomato plants to ly fine job in our community. At this is who should do what. Washington and gave them to city "folks." time, 425 men and women are employed- The President says the greatest and most It was a thrill to stand with Mr. Jim Paulk 425 men and women doing an honest powerful weapon against high prices is the and hear teenagers ask what the plants were day's work for an honest day's wages, American housewife. She should not buy ex and how to make them grow. One boy about rather than being hopelessly consigned pensive foods. 14 couldn't believe that these little green to public relief. The agriculture secretary says we should plants would grow and bear fruit like the eat cheese, not meat. red tomatoes in the supermarkets. It is estimated that if only half of The chairman of the House Ways and Demonstrations, boycotts and roll-back by these people were unemployed, the tax Means Committee says that the way people government decree of meat prices is not the payers' cost would be $148,400 every week. with limited means might handle the prob answer to high prices. Many farmers could be Instead, they are not only putting their lem is to eat more fish. forced out of business (50,000 farms closed money into the area economy, but also And the President's consumer affairs ad last year), and the consumer confronted paying an average $6,025 in combined visor suggests we vary our diets and not over with food rationing. The answer is increased look organ meats . . . liver, kidneys, hearts taxes each week. and brains. "The cheaper cuts," says Virginia production of food and fiber. I urge South The Buffalo Goodwill Industries can be Carolina farmers to plant more corn, silage, Knauer, "can be turned into gourmet meals hay and grain to fight high costs and short justly proud of the fine work they are with spices." ages of feed grains for cattle, poultry and doing. They have recently received a One national columnist predict s the Presi hogs. I inspected flood damage yesterday in letter from the President, congratulating dent will soon have to impose "a hard freeze Mississippi Valley-10 million acres are still them, and I am inserting the text of that on all food prices." Another says he better flooded. Even with the best of weather in letter as part of my remarks. not do that, since that tactic has always pro May and June this will affect feed grain and The theme "A Matter of Goodwill ... duced more problems than solutions. food prices. We could be faced with a meat Farmers and cattle raisers say it's not Helping the Handicapped Help Them their fault. Processors and retailers disclaim shortage, rationing and black market. selves," is a commendable one. I com Mark on your calendar the annual South responsibilit y. Carolina Festival of Flowers to be held in mend the Goodwill Industries for living It's apparently nobody's fault and every Greenwood July 26 through 29. This fantas up to their theme: body's problem. But as is always the case tic festival was attended last year by thou THE WHITE HOUSE, with inflation, it is peculiarly a problem for sands from throughout America. This year's Washington, D .O., April12, 1973. older Americans living in limited, fixed in program featuring garden displays and flower National Goodwill Week, May 6-12, cele comes. arrangements, concerts, art and the Army's brat es the remarkable achievements of a Too many of them can't even afford the world famous Golden Knights will be one of superb American instit ution dedicated to cheaper cuts. Much less the spices. the outstanding :flower fest ivals in the coun creating greater opportunities for the dis try. Plant :flowers for the festival and en abled citizens of our nation. hance our environment and beautification "A Matter of Goodwill ... Helping the program. Handicapped Help Themselves" the 1973 THE BILL OF RIGHTS PROTECTS For information, bulletins, etc. about gar theme chosen by Goodwill Industries of YOU dening contact the County Farm Agent and America is upheld in a successful history of Home Demonstration Agent in your County humanitarian work. Court House, or write me at Greenwood or Training handicapped people for useful HON. GEORGE E. BROWN, JR. Washington, D.C. office. Your High School work, and helping them to overcome the ef OF CALIFORNIA fects of their disabilities are services for agriculture teacher will also be happy to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES advise you. which Goodwill is recognized throughout the Growing flowers and vegetables is the best nation. Its contributions to the development Thursday, May 10, 1973 medicine and fights in:fiation too. Plant now. of new knowledge in this important area are equally significant. Mr. BROWN of California. Mr. Speak On this traditional occasion, I commend er, I occasionally am asked by a con the disinguished reputation of Goodwill In stituent why I take such a strong posi dustries of America, and I ask my fellow citi tion in defense of the Bill of Rights when A SALUTE TO BUFFALO GOODWILL zens to support the voluntary efforts em the administration and many Members INDUSTRIES, INC. braced by this special week. of Congress seem to consider it little RICHARD NIXON. more than an obstacle in the path of law HON. THADDEUS J. DULSKI and order. People wonder if such formal OF NEW YORK ities as the need for search warrants do not, in fact, merely protect criminals IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES SPICES MAKE CHEAPER MEAT CUTS from the police. After all, I am asked, Thursday, May 10, 1973 TASTE BETTER: BUT WHO CAN what would anyone have to hide or what AFFORD SPICES Mr. DULSKI. Mr. Speaker, the week of are they afraid of, if they did not do any May 6-12 has been proclaimed National thing wrong? Goodwill Week, and it is a pleasure for HON. WILLIAM S. MOORHEAD Well, Mr. Speaker, I think I could make me to take this opportunity to salute the OF PENNSYLVANIA a pretty good speech in favor of the Bill Goodwill Industries of America. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of Rights if it were necessary, but I think Goodwill Industries is one of our coun I can better answer those questions with try's most outstanding examples of com Thursday, May 10, 1973 a newspaper article-an article which aP bining humanity and compassion with Mr. MOORHEAD of Pennsylvania. Mr. peared in the Sun-Telegram of San the American free-enterprise system Speaker, during the Eastern congres Bernardino on April 21 of this year. 1 and making productive, self-sufficient, sional recess I visited 22 locations This is not a particularly unusual May 10, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15389 ·article; I have seen many similar to it and my wife. They had our hands behind our ignored, as it was in these cases. The and I am sure that I will see more of backs. I was in my underwear and she was in her negligee." next time that I am asked, "What's so them in the future. But I am also sure "One agent," Giglotto said, held a cocked important about the Bill of Rights?" I that the incidents described in this pistol to his head and said, "You're a dead think I will merely show my questioner a article would be far more common if we man. I'm going to kill you, you son of a copy of this newspaper article, and re did not have our American Bill of Rights. bitch." The man, Giglotto said, called his wife mind him: Next time it could be your The article reads as follows: a bitch and, not knowing they were married, home, and yom· family, and perhaps even "MISTAKE" DRUG RAIDS SPREAD '!'ERROR suggested she was an adulteress. your life, that may be endangered by IN TWO HOMES "Just shut your mouth or I'll kill you," authorities who ignore our Bill of Rights. (By Dennis Montgomery) Giglotto quoted the man as saying after he was asked to identify himself. The man re COLLINSVILLE, IlL-Herbert Giglotto, 29, portedly told Mrs. Giglotto he would kill her and his wife, Louise, 28, had gone to bed at husband if he did not tell her where the about 8 p.m. drugs they sought were hidden. PROTECTION OF CIVILIAN "At about 9:30 we hear this crash. We hear With 15 raiders in the room and more EMPLOYEES this screaming. I take about three steps out downstairs, Giglotto said his wife was plead of my bed and I see these hippies with guns," ing for his life. Giglotto asked, "Please look Giglotto recalled yesterday. "I told my wife, at my identification before you kill me." HON. BILL FRENZEL 'My God, we're dead'." None did, he said. He added the only identi OF MINNESOTA Across town at another home, Donald fication the Giglottos were shown was a gold IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Askew, 40, had just sat down to dinner with badge flashed by one of the intruders. Only his wife, Virginia, 37, and their 16-year-old Mrs. Giglotto caught a glimpe of it. Thursday, May 10, 1973 son, Michael. He looked out the window, he As they lay trussed across the bed, Gig Mr. FRENZEL. Mr. Speaker, yesterday remembered, and saw several armed men in lotto said, another raider walked up the the yard. stairs and announced, "Oh, I think we made I introduced H.R. 7677, a bill designed to Seconds later, he said, the men were at the a mistake." protect civilian employees of our execu door, trying to kick it in. Askew called to They had torn the house apart and found tive branch in the enjoyment of their his wife to phone the police. She fainted. nothing. The front room was a. shambles, constitutional rights and to prohibit un Askew told his son to run for his life. littered with books, overturned furniture warranted invasions of their privacy. It The armed men who forced their nay into and a. smashed television set. Released from is the same bill as S. 1688 which has been the Askew and Giglotto homes last Monday his handcuffs, Giglotto tried to put on his introduced and championed by Senator were conducting narcotics raids. They came pants, he said, but a. raider ripped them out on the raids with no warning and apparently of his hands. ERVIN. no warrant. They left when the raids turned "They were as rude leaving as they were In introducing this bill, I wish to ex out to be a mistake. coming," Giglotto said. He said he followed press my thanks to the distinguished Myles J. Ambrose, director of the federal them downstairs, demanding an explanation, Senator from North Carolina, Mr. ERVIN. Drug Abuse Enforcement Program and a shouting: "My God, you just kicked in my His leadership and dedicated efforts have special assistant attorney general, said yes door, threatened to kill me and my wife, produced this bill, which is designed to terday it is his "understanding" that the can you tell me what's happening?" protect the rights of our Federal civilian men were agents from the program's St. Giglotto said one of the armed men turned Louis office. and replied, "Shut your mouth, boy." employees. Paul Cigliana, Collinsville police chief, con Askew said the raid on his home began Senator ERVIN has managed to pass his firmed that the raids were conducted by a as they were beginning a late dinner after proposal in the Senate on four separate "strike force" of federal narcotics agents he had stayed overtime at the service station occasions. In each case the bill has died, from the St. Louis office. he runs in East St. Louis. as it did in the 92d Congress, here in the Cigliana said he believed that policemen Askew thought his son had been in a. fight from some municipal police forces in the area House. It is my understanding that hear with some other teenagers and the men he ings will b.:: conducted soon in the Post also participated, but he added, "I don't saw in the yard were coming to kill him. think there were too many of them." As he held the front door, Askew said yes Office and Civil Service Committee. This Cigliana said no policemen from his de terday, two men knocked down the back year, I hope that a thorough study of this partment were involved. A spokesman from door and leveled two riot guns at him. A bill in that committee will demonstrate the Madison County sheriff's office said, "As man at the front door flashed a gold badge to the committee members the need for far as I know there was no cooperation from and Askew let them in. legislation of this kind and that the bill this department." Five men, all dressed as hippies, searched will become law this year. No remarks Federal narcotics offi-cials from the St. the house, looking for a suspect, Askew said. that I could make about this bill would Louis office could not be reached yesterday, Askew said they showed no warrant. As but had declined comment earlier. Askew kew asked to see a badge again. A man who be more clear or more persuasive than said the men gave him the telephone num gave his name as Ted Williams flashed his, those used by Senator ERVIN on page ber of the office to verify their identities. Askew said, but all he could read was "spe 13987 Of the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD on Two days after the raids, Ambrose issued cial agent" before the badge was put away. May 2 when he introduced the bill. a statement: "I have directed an inspection Mrs. Askew, lying on the couch, revived. It is time to give better legislative pro team to thoroughly investigate this matter. She saw the men with the guns and fainted tection to our concept of a free society. If any federal agents have acted improperly, again. When she revived again one of the I believe that we should guarantee our appropriate action will be taken. Under no raiders told her "Take it easy, lady. We're circumstances will I permit my agents to vio really federal officers." employees, regardless of grade or status, late anyone's constitutional rights." Askew said the men were polite. "Outside a full respect for their liberties and free Contacted at his Chevy Chase, Md., home, of kicking the door and scaring the hell out doms. I m·ge that H.R. 7677 receive the Ambrose said yesterday. "The investigation is of us, they were all right." serious consideration that it deserves in being conducted. When I have all the facts I Satisfied the man they sought was not this House. will take appropriate action." in the Askew home, one of the intruders Ambrose, asked whether the investigation said, "We just got a wrong tip." The men is top priority, said, "You bet your sweet life refused, however, to let Mrs. Askew call the it is." police, and showed no other identification. Before the raiders left without apologies, Askew said he asked the men to remain SOVIETS USE REGIONAL GOVERN Giglotto said he and his wife had been at the house while he tried to learn if they MENT TO OPPRESS MINORITY threatened, bound, insulted and their apart really were federal agents. He said the leader OPPOSITION ment left in shambles. of the group told him, "No, I can't. I got Three weeks before, his complaints about four other places to go." two young men in the next apartment had Askew said none of his family has ever HON. JOHN R· RARICK caused their eviction. The two men were had anything to do with narcotics. "The OF LOUISIANA suspected of dealing in drugs and Giglotto only way I knew to get drugs is at the drug IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES said he was outraged. store,'' he said. His first thought, he said in an interview The Askews have filed a $lOO,OOO damage Thursday, May 10, 1973 yesterday, was that the young men had come suit in U.S. District Court at Springfield. Mr. RARICK. Mr. Speaker. reports back to settle the score. The Giglottos were to meet with their lawyer "I've never had anything to do with nar this morning to determine what course to of persecution of Soviet Je"s by the cotics," Giglotto, a boilermaker, said. "I hate take. Communist regime in Moscow have it. I've never had anything to do with drugs rraised outraged condemnation of the and my wife never has." Mr. Speaker, what happened to the actions in the United States. And rightly The men did not identify themselves, he Giglottos and the Askews could happen so. said, and showed no warrant. "They knocked to any one of us, or to any one of my Amendments prohibiting granting me down across the bed and handcuffed me constituents, if the Bill of Rights were "most favored nation" trade treatment 15390 'EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 'May 10, 1973 to any Communist country that denies party boss Leonid Brezhnev and replaced might be modified if they were not in keep its citizens the right to emigrate, have Pyotr Shelest late last year as Ukrainian ing with efficient economic regions. overseer. In an effort to shift the focus from the been offered to the administration's trade At the Kiev meeting, Shcherbitsky ordered political sensibilities of the various ethnic bill by both Houses of Congress. Indica party activists to work in the "spirit of mer areas to one of national efficiency, Soviet in tions are that the Soviet Union may have cilessness" toward any "xnanifestations of forxnation media have also been working relaxed its restrictive policies against bourgeois nationalism" in the Ukraine. hard to generate an over-all "Soviet" na the Jewish minority to a small degree. Like Brezhnev, he fears that dissidents in tionalism and a national pride in economic However, systematic discrimination the Ukraine and other republics will form an achievements to replace the fragmented eth and persecution directed against other active alliance with the persecuted Human nic loyalties among the country's hundred ethnic, religious, and national minorities Rights movement. odd nationalities. continues not only as a governmental The Ukrainians, forming the largest non REPUBLICS JEALOUS OF RIGHTS Russian population in the Soviet Union, have The new regional planning pTogram is an policy, but as a daily fact of life in the long struggled for more political and cultural Soviet Union. For some reason, the plight attempt to depart from existing republic freedom. In the late fifties many Ukrainians boundaries in allocating capital investment of these captive people has largely were alarmed by Soviet Premier Nikita to the development of the Soviet economy. gone unreported in the national press. Khrushchev's plans for a gradual "coming to In the past the various republics have voye Yet stories of the merciless "Russifica gether" and even "merging" of the Soviet Khozyaistvo (Planned Economy). tion" of such formerly autonomous na nations. A progress report on the drafting of the tions as the Ukraine and the imprison They now fear that Brezhnev will attempt 15-year plan said that the existing system to systematically destroy all national feeling * * * been jealous of their prerogatives as ment and death of those who resist, con in the Ukraine through extremely repressive tinue to trickle out from behind the Iron integral economic regions within the Soviet police measures. The series of so-called trials Union. Curtain. in Ukrainian cities recently point up their The potentially far-reaching decision to A recent report from Vienna tells of fears. Late last year a Ukrainian art teacher, establish the new consolidated national more than 200 intellectuals, critical of Alexander Sergienko, was jailed for seven planning regions was disclosed in the April Russian ru1e of the Ukraine, who were years at hard labor to be followed by a fur issue of the Government's planning journal, sent to prison camps. The repressive ac ther three years in exile for demanding self Plan o, of 18 planning regions, which followed determination in the Ukraine. republic boundaries, had been revised into a tion was taken by the Kremlin in an ef Other defendants in the trial received sen fort to stamp out all nationalistic feel set of seven consolidated regions----three in tences ranging from 3 to 15 years. the European part of the Soviet Union and ing being expressed by historians, Several Jews have been arrested in the cur four in the Asian part. archeologists, artists, and writers. rent clampdown. The trial opened at the The three European regions that figure in In other efforts to "u1timately erode beginning of April of Isaak Shkolnik, who the 1975-90 plan are a combined UDrth the significance of Soviet ethnic repub was originally accused of being a. "British central region, a southern region, and a. lics," a regional government system, spy." Part of the "evidence" introduced at combined Volga-Urals region. The four Asian the trial, held in the social club of a brick regions are Siberia, the Far East, Kazakhstan which reduces the 15 former republics works in Vinnitsa, was a radio "tuned to the into 7 "planning regions," has quiet and Central Asia. frequency of a hostile station" and a five In reducing the existing 18 planning re ly begun. The plan, put forth by Com dollar bill. gions to seven, Soviet planners were evi munist Party boss Leonid I. Brezhnev, Dissident sources say scores of intellectuals dently concerned with producing a system or wou1d liquidate any trace of old ethnic have been sentenced to lengthy jail terms for planning areas that would be of roughly boundaries within 15 years and eliminate far slighter evidence. similar economic potential and area. The all minority opposition. existing system includes both small, densely I :find the possibility of extending U.S. [From the New York Times, May 4, 1973] settled regions of European Russia and the taxpayer's money to the Soviet Union SOVIET lS REGROUPING ITS 15 REPUBLICS INTO vast, virtuaJly undeveloped expanses or in the form of subsidized food sales, low 7 BIG PLANNING REGIONS Siberia. (By Theodore Shabad) In allocating four regions to the Asian part interest loans or outright gifts totally of the Soviet Union and only three regions incompatible with cherished American Moscow, May 3.-The Soviet Union has quietly begun a controversial consolidation to the developed European portion, the eco ideals of freedom and justice. of its national planning regions that may nomic planners appeared to focus on the fu Extending to the Soviets preferential ultixnately erode the significance of individ ture development of the Asian potential. trade treatment, amounts little more ual Soviet ethnic republics as economic The consolidation of planning regions has than approval of the represslve policies affected the interests of individual republics, planning and management areas. especially in the European west. For example, against minority dissent in that country. A new seven-region system grouping re the Baltic republics and the Byelorussian I insert the following related news publics into larger planning units has been Republic have been combined with the ad clippings at this point: adopted in connection with the drafting of joining Leningrad and Moscow regions of [From the Houston Tribune, May 3, 1973] an ambitious 15-year plan that will outline the Russian Republic in the new north basic investment and development policies central region. RUSSIAN SECRET PoLICE STRIKE IN UKRAINE for the Soviet Union until 1990. (By Alan Dean) Similarly the new southern region com The consolidated regional system, which is bines five republics----Moldavia, the Ukraine, VIENNA.-More than 200 intellectuals have being introduced in the face of persistent Georgia, Armenia and Azerbaijan-with the been reported sent to prison camps from the nationalistic sensibilities, is part of a grow northern Caucasus portion of the Russian Ukraine this year as the Soviet KGB, secret ing trend to ignore particular interests of the Republic. police, carry out Kremlin orders to stamp out republics in an effort to achieve more effi The now separate Volga and Urals regions a growing struggle for national rights in the cient coordination and long-term planning are being combined into a Volga-Urals region vast Soviet republic. of the complex Government-run economy. to point up common problems of develop One of the leading critics of Russian rule The detailed local planning of economic ment. The Volga-Urals has been one of the in the Ukraine, Vyacheslav Chornovil, ar development will, at least for the immediate most rapidly growing sections of the Soviet rested during the present police campaign, future, continue at the republic level. But Union in recent decades. has been sentenced to 12 years' jail. Chornovil the basic, over-all national development pol had an exemplary record as a dedicated Com icies will in future be based on the new re munist until 1967, when he was jailed for gional planning units. [From the New York Times, Apr. 13, 1973] The regional reform was foreshadowed last three years for compiling and sending to the 105 JEWS, REFUSED Exrr VISAS BY SOVIET, authorities an expose of judicial violations December by Leonid I. Brezhnev, the Soviet APPEAL TO CONGRESS party leader, in a keynote speech marking perpetrated by the KGB in the Ukraine in (By Theodore Sha.bad) 1965-66. the 50th anniversary of the formation of the Dissident sources say anybody vaguely sus Soviet Union as a nominal federation of re Moscow, April 12.-More than 100 Soviet pected of resisting forcible Russification and publics. Jews who have been refused exit visas to demanding more cultural and political au Now that a relatively common level of de Israel appealed to the United States Congress tonomy for the Soviet Union's 40 million velopment has been reached by the various in an open letter today not to be misled by Ukrainians has been interrogated. Many have republics, Mr. Brezhnev said, future eco a.n apparent lifting of high emigration taxes. been sent to the infamous "psychiatric" hos nomic decision-making in the 15-year plan Ten Jewish activists, in making public the pitals to be drugged into subinission. should be for the good of the country as a appeal at a news conference, contended that At a recent Communist Party meeting in whole rather than focus on the interests of Soviet emigration curbs remained unchanged Kiev, the new Ukrainian party boss, Vladimir individual republics. and that exit permits were being granted Shcherbitsky, accused historians, archaeolo Mr. Brezhnev's broad policy statement was on a highly selective basis. gists, artists and writers in the republic of amplified by more detailed proposals in eco The activists, who included some promi stressing Ukrainian history and "national nomic and technical journals, some of which nent figures in science and the arts, also ex exclusiveness." went so far as to suggest that the boundaries pressed concern over what they described as Shcherbitsky is a close associate of Soviet of some of the Soviet Union's 15 republics a new series of trials, searches and interro- May 10, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS '15391 gations of Jews in various parts of the Leonid Tasassuk, former museum curator, awareness of the necessity for control of the country. and their families be permitted to leave. Federal Budget. I am enclosing a copy for The news conference today, which illus your information. trated the plight of the hard core of would The Committee was recently formed for be Jewish emigrants, came two days after the purpose of conducting an educational President Nixon sent his long-awaited trade BUDGET CONTROL YES, CRUCIFIX campaign to acquaint the public with the bill to Congress. The bill would give the Presi ION OF DOMESTIC PROGRAMS implication of excessive federal spending, and dent authority to grant lower tariffs to Com to generate public support for fiscal restraint. munist countries, including the Soviet NO-JOHN MOSS TELLS 'EM As you can see from the partial list in the Union. advertisement, our membership includes rep NIXON-CONGRESS DISPUTE HON. ROBERT L. LEGGETT resentatives of business, labor, professional However, majorities in bot h houses of Con and civic organizations from all parts of the gress, evidently aroused over reported curbs OF CALIFORNIA country. We believe that our country cannot on free movement of Soviet citizens, have IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES afford to continue overspending its revenues offered amendments barring preferential Thursday, May 10, 1973 as it h as done in the past. The crucial matters trade treatment or credits to any Communist now before the Congress-the proposed budg nation that denies its citizens the right to Mr. LEGGETT. Mr. Speaker, recently et for fiscal 1973 through 1975-deserve the emigrate. The Nixon Administration has my good friend and distinguished col most careful consideration, because what is asked Congress not to link the trade bill to league, the Honorable JOHN Moss, en at stake is the health of the country's econ other issues. gaged in a revealing dialog with the omy. As President Nixon pointed out in his It was in the context of this controversy recent address, excessive Federal spending that the Jewish activists today summoned Citizens for the Control of Federal over the next three years will present us with Western newsmen to the home of Kirill Hen Spending. the unacceptable condition of rising t axes kine, prominent journalist and translator, Mr. Moss pointed out to Mr. David accompanied at the same time with in who lives in a prestigious complex on the Packard of the citizens group that while creasing inflation. Moscow River. a majority of Americans believe that A large majority of the American people The meeting had been quietly arranged Federal spending is the greatest single more than seventy percent, according t o re through private contacts because the Soviet cause of inflation, that same majority cent polls by Sindlinger and Market Opinion Research-are in favor of Federal budget authorities generally frown on the holding also believes that Federal spending of unauthorized news conferences and might restraint and opposed to a tax increase. Ac have broken up the gathering if aware of should be increased for programs to curb cording to a Harris poll, seventy-four per it. The Soviet Constitution grants freedom air and water pollution and decreased for cent believe that Federal spending is the of assembly provided it is judged in the Defense Department programs. The greatest single cause of inflation. Public interest of the Soviet state, and the criminal President has not done this. Instead of opinion, then, is clearly on the side of re code makes it a crime to circulate informa spending money on the domestic pro straining Federal spending to avert higher tion that is considered to defame the Soviet grams demanded by the people of this taxes and inflation. state and social system. Nation, the President has chosen to veto We believe that economy can be achieved In presenting the open letter to Congress, wit hout sacrificing programs which benefit signed by 105 Moscow Jews, Mr. Henkine one social need after another. At the the American people. We should continue to recalled another appeal last month by more same time his proposed budget includes a fund programs that are effective. However, than 300 persons from several cities asking $4 billion increase for the Pentagon. This we cannot allow increased spending on for Congressional help. increase comes at the end of the longest wasteful programs that do little more than "The decline in numbers reflects our de and costliest war in our history and at provide jobs for bureaucrats. Cuts must be teriorating situation," he said. "Because of the beginning of what Mr. Nixon has made in Federal programs which devote as intimidation and surveillance, it has become termed a "generation of peace." much as eighty percent of their resources to increasingly difficult to collect signatures salaries and expenses and only twenty per outside Moscow." I do believe that we are going to have cent to the work for which they were de The latest open letter said some people in to learn to live within the President's signed. In other words, the need for economy the West had apparently been impressed by $268 billion budget ceiling, and to do does not mean we must desert those in need. recent suspension of education taxes in an that, the Congress is going to have to In addition to reducing federal waste, con avowed Soviet Government move to appease reform its budgetary review procedures. trol of Federal spending will reduce inflation Congressional opposition to trade legislation. The Federal deficit this year alone is and stabilize taxes. These effects, in our opin "We would like to state," the four-page some $36 billion, and the total national ion, are not merely fringe benefits but neces letter said, "that there is nothing like free sities which we must achieve for all Amer emigration from this country. Just as before, debt will grow to a whopping $505 bil icans. Citizens for Control of Federal Spend the fate of all applicants for exit visas is not lion. Thankfully, the Joint Study Com ing believes that the Legislative and Execu determined by any law or even any pub mittee on Budget Control has produced tive Branches should cooperate in trimming lished regulations governing emigration. an excellent proposal that should suc Federal spending, eliminating ineffectual Everyone's fate is determined by unknown ceed in closing up the loopholes in the programs and designing a budget for the next people acting on unknown considerations current appropriation process. three years which stays within common in a totally arbitrary way. As Mr. Moss states- sense limits. By restraint now, we can achieve "It is not the education tax, but this a healthier economy for America in the fu arbitrariness that remains the chief method The issue is not simply to control Federal ture. used by the Soviet authorities in their selec spending, but to allocate public dollars more In line with his economy drive, President tive emigration policy." effectively, sagaciously and in a manner that Nixon recently vetoed the Vocational Reha An analysis of the social structure of Jew will most productively contribute to im bilitation Bill. This veto has been upheld by ish emigrants has shown, the letter to Con provement of the general welfare. the Senate. We believe that the decision to gress said, that many of the 2,000 or so per sustain this veto indicates an increasing sons leaving the Soviet Union each month We know where the President's priori awareness of the propriety of limiting Fed are people with little education or low pro ties lie-in the bombing of Cambodia, eral spending. fessional skills from such areas as Georgia, and the appropriation of billions of dol More recently the President also vetoed central Asia and Moldavia. lars for unnecessary, cost-ineffective H.R. 3298-an Act to restore the rural water On the other hand, the letter said, visas weapons programs. It is up to the Con and sewer grant program. We hope that you, were often :refused to skilled professionals, gress to reorder the President's topsy as a Member of Congress, will continue to in especially in the pure sciences and in engi turvy set of national priorities, and al sist on careful and responsible budgeting. As neering, which are viewed as prestigious locate Federal money in those areas the Congress proceeds with its consideration occupations in the Soviet Union. of the budget, our group intends to continue Among those present at the news confer where the people of this Nation need to promote public awareness of the issue. ence were Veniamin G. Levich, an electro and want it most. and to give our support through testimony chemist who is corresponding member of At this point in the RECORD I WOUld and through the media to measures designed the Academy of Sciences, Aleksandr Y. like to insert the full text of the cor to keep the Federal budget under control. Lerner, a computer specialist, and Veniamin respondence between Mr. Moss and Mr. We look forward to working with you, and P . Gorokhov, a screen writer. Packard for the benefit of my colleagues: would like to hea-r yom· views on this issue. Sincerely, CITIZENS FOR CONTROL OF FEDERAL SPENDING, DAVID PACKARD, JACKSON APPEALS FOR 2 Washington, D.C., April 9, 1973. Hon. JOHN E. Moss, Chairman. WASHINGTON, April 12.-Senator Henry M. U.S. House ot Representatives, [Advertisement in the Washington Post] Jackson has appealed to Leonid I. Brezhnev, Washington, D.C. the Soviet leader, to allow two prominent DEAR CONGRESSMAN Moss: Citizens for Con KEEP THE LID ON TAXES AND PRICES Soviet Jews to emigrate to Israel. trol of Federal Spending sponsored an ad WE SUPPORT PRESIDENTIAL AND CONGRESSIONAL In a letter to Mr. Brezhnev, Mr. Jackson vertisement in the Tuesday, April 3, Wash EFFORTS TO CONTROL FEDERAL SPENDING asked that Valery Panov, the dancer, and ington Post in an effort to increase public Americans have always had the ability to 15392 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 10, 1973 unite in order to accomplish great goals. As Dr. Martin Anderson, Senior Fellow-Hoover Henry Lucas, Jr., D.D.S., San Francisco, we now move to a peacetime economy, our Institution, Stanford University. California. nation needs a strong, viable government free R. Anderson, President, Rockwell Interna Winston W. Marsh, President, American of irresponsible spending and rising taxes tional Corp. Society of Association Executives, Executive and infiation. We can achieve this goal if E. M. Black, Chairman of the Board, United Vice President, Natl. Tire Dealers & Retread Americans unite-if we let our representa Brands Company. era Assoc. tives in Washington know that this is what Roger M. Blough, White & Case. S. M. McAshan, Jr., chairman, Anderson we want. Fred J. Borch, Retired Chairman, General Clayton & Co. Your elected representatives-your Sena Electric Company. Sanford N. McDonnell, President & Chief tors and Congressmen in Washington--de Gene E. Bradley, President, Int'l. Manage Executive Officer, McDonald Douglas Cor pend on you for guidance. They know how ment & Development Institute. poration. you feel only if you tell them. All too often, Leonard Briscoe, City Councilman, Ft. Gordon M. Metcalf, Former Chairman n1any of us take the democratic process for Worth., Texas. Sears, Roebuck and Company. ' granted-we assume that our representatives Robert J. Brown, Chairman of the Board, Paul I. Miller, President, The First Boston already know what we think, even though we B & C Associates, Inc. Corporation. haven't told them. And when this happens, Yale Brozen, Professor, University of Chi Howard Morgens, Chairman, Procter & the voices of a few special interests can have cago. Gamble. more effect than the will of millions of citi Louis W. Cabot, Chairman, Cabot Corpora Raymond J. Saulnier, Professor of Eco zens. tion. nomics, Bernard College. The issue of taxes and infiation affects each Norman Cahners, Chairman, Cahners Pub Franklin D. Schurz, Sr., President, South of us personally. Uncontrolled federal spend lishing Company. Bend Newspapers. ing over the next three fiscal years could force Dr. W. Glenn Campbell, Director, Hoover C. A. Scott, Publisher, Atlanta Daily World. a tax increase of as much as fifteen percent, Institution, Stanford University. Dr. Frederick Seitz, President, Rockefeller or cause a new wave of crippling inflation. Patrick Carr, Commander in Chief, Vet University. Yet we can have a budget which avoids ex era-ns of Foreign Wars. Theodore A. Serrill, Executive Vice Presi cessive spending, requires no new taxes, and George Champion, Chairman and Presi dent, National Newspaper Association. still provides sufficient funding for necessary dent, Economic Development Council of New Louise Shadduck, President, National Fed programs. The President has proposed one York City. eration of Press Women. such budget. Supported by responsible mem Albert L. Cole, Vice President and Director, C. D. Siverd, Chairman, American Cyana bers of Congress, it would limit federal Reader's Digest. mid Co. spending to $250 billion in fiscal year 1973, John Collins, Former Mayor of Boston. John F. Small, President, John F. Small, $268.7 billion fiscal 1974 and $288 billion in John T. Connor, Chairman of the Board, Inc. fiscal 1975. These limits, unless breached by Allied Chemical Corporation. Reverend Roland Smith, Citizens Trust irresponsible spending, will prevent tax in C. W. Cook, Chairman, General Foods Cor Bank of Atlanta. creases, curb infiation and pay for federal poration. Cha.rles H. Sommer, Jr., Chairman, Mon programs which have proved to be effective. Edward W. Cook, President, Cook Indus santo Company. A responsible spending program does not tries, Inc. Paul Thayer, Chairman, The LTV Cor involve any turning back of the clock. The Stewart S. Cort, Chairman, Bethlehem Steel poration. President's budget, for one example, pro Corporation. Charles C. Tillinghast, Jr., Chairman, vides the greatest sum ever committed for Ellwood F. Curtis, President, Deere & Com Trans World Airlines, Inc. human resources. Compared to four years pany. Joseph P. Tonelli, President, United Paper ago, it would spend 71 percent more to assist Dr. Maurice A. Dawkins, Executive Vice workers, International Union. older Americans, 67 percent more to help the Chairman, Opportunities Industrialization, Murray L. Weidenbaum, Former Assistant sick, 66 percent more for the poor, and more Centers of America. Secretary of the Treasury. than twice as much to feed the hungry and Russell DeYoung, Chairman of the Board, Louie Welch, Mayor, City of Houston, undernourished. Four years ago, 41 % of the The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co. Texas. federal budget was spent on Defense, and only c. Douglas Dillon, Former Secretary of the Samuel D. Winer, President, Jaycees. 37% for Human Resources. Today the priori Treasury. R. G. Wingerter, President, Libbey-Owens ties have been reversed: 47% goes to Human Roy V. Edwards, Chairman, Wilson & Co., Ford Company. Resources and only 30 percent for Defense. Inc. Bryce N. Harlow, Legislative Consultant. The goal of no new taxes can be reached Walter A. Fallon, President, Eastman H. Lee Choate, Executive Director. without infiation-only if Congress and the Kodak Company. Executive cooperate by trimming unneces Edmund B. Fitzgerald, Chairman, Cutler HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, sary spending and by terminating programs Hammer, Inc. Washington, D.C., April 27, 1973. which either aren't working at all or haven't Frank E. Fitzsimmons, General President, Mr. DAVID PACKARD, justified their expense. Tax money should Int'l. Brotherhood of Teamsters. Chairman, Citizens jor Control of Federal only be used for responsible programs that Johnny Ford, Mayor, City of Tuskegee, Spending, Washington, D.C. do work. Alabama. DEAR MR. PACKARD: Having carefully read we can't afford to take the democratic Henry Fowler, Former Secretary of the the advertisement in the Washington Post process for granted in this crucial matter. Treasury. (Tuesday, April 3rd) I was impressed with Take a few minutes to let your Congressman w. H. Franklin, Chairman, Caterpillar how much greater service might have been and your Senator know how you feel about Tractor Co. rendered in an effort to better inform the spending and taxes; ask your friends to help Henry Gadsden, Chairman, Merck & Co., citizenry of the budget precess if you would by communicating their views. U you would Inc. have been more candid, and indeed more like more information, write to Citizens for A. H. Galloway, Chairman, R. J. Reynolds truthful, in your attempt at public rela Control of Federal Spending. You owe it to Industries, Inc. tions. Indeed, a closer analysis of some of the yourself to join the fight-to control spend c. c. Garvin, Jr., President, Exxon Corpo "facts" you presented indicates that you ing, taxes and inflation. ration. and your committee have deliberately at Patrick E. Haggerty, Chairman, Texas In CITIZENS FOR CONTROL OF FEDERAL SPENDING tempted to muddy your waters to make them struments Incorporated. appear deep. Chairman Floyd D. Hall, Chairman & Chief Executive You state in your letter, for example, that David Packard, Chairman, Hewlett- Officer, Eastern Airlines. John D. Harper, Chairman, Aluminum "According to a Harris poll, 74 % (of the Packard. American people) believe that Federal spend Co-Chairmen Company of America. H. s. Houthakker, Harvard University. ing is the greatest single cause of inflation. John W. Byrnes, former Member of Con Public opinion, then, is clearly on the side Frederick G. Jaicka, Chairman, Inland of restraining Federal spending to avert gress. Steel Company. James Roosevelt, former Member of Con Elaine Jenkins, President, One America, higher taxes and inflation." gress. What you fail to mention is that in that Inc. same Harris poll, conducted between Decem Vice-Chairman Howard Johnson, Chairman of the Corpo ber 17th and 21st, 1972, 66 % of those inter Max Fisher, Chairman, Fisher-New Center ration, Massachusetts Institute of Tech viewed believed that Federal spending should Company. nology. be increased for programs to curb air and Mrs. Kermit V. Haugan, President, General Erik Johnson, Former Mayor of Dallas, water pollution and for aid to education. In Federation of Women's Clubs. Texas answer to such public opinion the President Donald M. Kendall, Chairman, PepsiCo Inc. Thomas V. Jones, Chairman of the Board vetoed H .R. 3298-an act to restore the rural Paul w. McCracken, Former Chairman, and President, Northrop Corporation. water and sewer grant program and plans to President's Council of Economic Advisers. Edgar F. Kaiser spend this year $515 million less for educa w. Allen Wallis, Economist, Rochester, New Dr. Asa S. Knowles, President, Northeast tion than in fiscal 1973. Indeed, the Presi York. ern University. dent's 1974 budget proposals include a $10 MEMBERS Franklin A. Lindsay, President, ITEK Cor billion cut in key domestic programs. T. M. Alexander, Sr., President, Alexander poration. The Harris poll also indicated that a ma jority of Americans (55%) opposes any in- & Associates. Hobart Lewis, President, Reader's Digest. May 10J 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15393 crease in Federal spending for research and Nixon nor the Citizens for Control of Federal be going back but not to live there. He'll development of the nation's defense system. Spending seem to understand. try to salvage what's left of his personal Yet, Mr. Nixon's military budget calls for an You asked, Mr. Packard, to hear my views belongings. increase of $8 billion over the next two fiscal on the issue of controlling Federal spend He left Wounded Knee that night in Feb years. As a result, for the first time in our ing. Unfortunately, time does not permit ruary when AIM militants took over the tiny history, a "peacetime" military budget is further elaboration of other obvious problems reservation community. Along with his Wife higher than our wartime military budget. concerning the logic of your proposals. and a Sioux Indian lady, he hid in the dark I applauded our President's trips to China I would suggest, however, that you send ness as militants banged on the door and and to the Soviet Union. But in spite of a copies of this letter, not just to Representa threatened to shoot if they didn't open up. growing detente between Russia, China and tives in the Congress, but to individuals and They later escaped from the village under the the United States; in spite of the signing of groups most affected by such questionable cover of darkness. "the Nuclear Arms Agreement; and in spite policies. Send a copy of this letter to mayors Meanwhile, their church has been used as of a pe.ace settlement in Vietnam; President of bankrupt cities and towns who will re a camping place for visiting national news Nixon insists on spending more than $80 bil ceive no assistance for their needed water and men and their home has been used as a meet lion a year for guns that cannot heal and sewer programs and to the principals of our ing hall for AIM Indians. They have lost most bombs that cannot teach. schools who are now being forced to educate of their personal possessions including a jeep There are other problems with your "edu more children with less federal assistance. which he says has been burned and a gar cational campaign." Send a copy of this letter to the doctors den tractor. Controlling Federal expenditures over the and nurses in the community health centers He told the Scene the AIM group has only next three fiscal years, in the context of your that are now being closed, and to the 30 a small minority of the Ogalala Sioux people advertisement, would not insure that the million underprivileged Americans who have on their side. average taxpayer would not face a significant not seen a doctor in the past two years. Send "I would say the average Indian wants to increase in taxes at the federal, state or local a copy of this letter to the welfare mothers live in peace," he said. "They want the lead levels. Indeed, within less than two weeks who can no longer afford day care services ers to sit down and work this thing out." after the date of your initial letter, Mr. Her and to the needy families who cannot now He believes it is a power struggle between bert Stein announced that in order to cool benefit from subsidized housing. Send a copy Ogalala Sioux leader Richard Wilson and AIM off the booming economy and reduce inila of this letter to the thousands of fatherless leader Russell Means. In addition, it is his tionary pressures, a tax increase may be boys who can no longer enjoy the com opinion the occupation of Wounded Knee forthcoming. panionship and guidance of local Big Brothers was in the works for a long time because of We do have pressing domestic financial programs and to the forty million handi the historical significance of the village. problems and I can assure you President capped Americans crippled by governmental "I am especially upset With the misinfor Nixon is not alone in wanting to hold the callousness and indifference. mation that is coming out through the line on Federal taxes, to trim government In summary, send a copy of this letter to press," he said. "They get only the informa spending and increase the efficiency of gov the millions of Americans that President tion that is given them by the AIM's and ernmental programs. But the issue here is Nixon and the Citizens for Control of Fed then they write their stories." not simply, as you suggest, to control Federal eral Spending have chosen to forget, negl~ct "The AIM people in my opinion may be spending, but to allocate public dollars more and ignore. idealists but I think they are more concerned effectively, sagaciously and in a manner that Sincerely, with their own personal gains than they are will most productively contribute to im JoHN E. Moss, With the tears they claim to be weeping for provement of the general welfare. Current Member of Congress. the Sioux Indian people." differences between the President and the "The night they (AIM) came, Sioux Indian Congress stem not so much to the size of people had to run," he said. "They took over the $268.7 billion budget, as to the priorities their homes and their belongings and today, and allocation of the taxpayers funds. those poor people have nothing to go back You state in your letter that, "Citizens for WHO WILL PAY? to. Does that sound like they want to help Control of Federal Spending believes that the the Sioux people?" Legislative and Executive Branches should The federal government is as much to cooperate in trimming Federal spending, HON. JAMES ABDNOR blame as anyone according to Rev. Lans eliminating ineffectual programs, and de OF SOUTH DAK OTA berry. signing a budget for the next three years IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "They failed to provide the residents of which stays Within common-sense limits." Wounded Knee w1th protection and now I You then cite as an example of this "economy Thursday, May 10, 1973 think that they should shoulder the respon drive", the President's recent veto of the Mr. ABDNOR. Mr. Speaker, the real sibility for the losses." Vocational Rehabilitation b111. story of what really happened during the "Remember that Mr. Wilson and his people What you fall to mention, however, is that long seige at Wounded Knee by the mili were set aside and the federal government took charge. They should now bear the re since 1920 Federal Vocational Rehabilitation tant members of the American Indian programs have produced, in the form of posi sponsioility ." tive tax dollars, far more than what they Movement is now only beginning to come As to the role of the Council of Churches, originally coot the American taxpayer. In to light. Since the beginning of this tragic Rev. Lansberry shrugged and said, "I won 1971 alone, for example, nearly % of a bil episode last February, the American peo der ... there's an old saying that too many lion dollars was added to the national econ ple have heard only the side of the in cooks spoil the broth. It seems to me that omy as the result of the rehabilitation of a surgents. neither the Council of Churches or the Fed record number of disabled Americans to pro But, what of the victims of Wounded eral Government have been able to solve any ductive employment. Knee--the residents who have lost their problems. The AIMs are still there." "I don't know how many people I've talked I question the distorted priorities enhanced homes, their ranches, their cattle, their by this veto. It is difficult to understand why with since, who have discovered that money the President in the name of "economy" businesses? Who is going to pay their they contributed to their churches went to would veto a bill that would aid m111ions of damages? And, who is going to replace aid AIM," he said, "and now they are bitterly handicapped Americans, return to the those who have given of their services disappointed." Treasury Department $3 to $5 for every $1 for many years to the people on the Pine "I think of the Sioux lady who lived in spent and cost (annually) less than 1/80th Ridge reservation, and who because of Wounded Knee who came up to me crying of our military budget. Such actions demon the reluctance of the Federal Govern and saying that AIM took everything she strate neither good economic policy nor ment to put an end to this travesty, have owned," he added. "We got out with a couple sound moral committment. I am reminded become discouraged and feel they must of blankets and I gave her one of them." of what George Bernard Shaw once said: leave. "other Sioux Indians have lost cattle, one "The worst sin towards our fellow creatures of them, a man who is part Sioux and part One such victim is Rev. Orville Lans is not to hate them, but to be indifferent to white, lost over 40 cattle that went to feed them; that's the essence of inhumanity." berry. He and his wife, Emma, have an the militants," he said. I have only served as an elected official of nounced their plans to relocate after "There are others too ... people who have the people for a quarter of a century, so they find what is left of their possessions. lost everything they owned ... and who's go perhaps I am out of touch with the desires Their story is told in the following ar ing to take care of them?" of my constituents. But I believe with ticle printed in a Pierre, S. Dak., news Rev. Lansberry admits the incident has Thomas Jefferson, that "The care of human paper. shaken his confidence in some people. He's life and happiness, and not their destruc WOUNDED KNEE CLERGYMAN SAYS HE WoN'T going back, but just to salvage what he can tion, is the first and only legitimate object GO BACK of his personal belongings. of good government." For our democracy The Rev. Orville Lansberry and his wife "We can't live there anymore t hough," he exists, not to wage war, or serve only the Emma lived in Wounded Knee, S.D. for a confesses. "We're too old. I'm 67 and my wife wealthy; but to serve the people, especially little niore than four years. He had a church Is 69." those in need, especially those who suffer. there and his congregation was comprised of It is apparent he feels badly for the Indian But these are ideas that neither President about 95 percent Sioux Indian people. He'll people who lived in Wounded Knee though. CXIX--971-Part 12 15394 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS. May 10, 1973 "Some are afraid ... some are mad ..• for the second time, we had a deficit again nine percent; in the U.S. in 1971, it was some are confused ... but they're all hurt." up to $6.4 billion. more than 13 percent. Those billions may not mean very much to Also, if Ford, GM or Chrysler exported cars most folks who don't buy or sell abroad, who from the U.S. to Europe, they'd be competing UNITED STATES FUMBLING IN just work for a. living. with themselves. EXPORT FIELD But it can and does mean a great deal to Ford of Europe's man in charge of increas people who want to work but can't because ing imports from the U.S. acknowledged he prospective employers are buying or build has an uphill battle getting his share of HON· ROBERT J. HUBER ing in Europe or Taiwan rather than in the high-level attention to his problems. And. OF MICHIGAN United States. another executive criticized Ford's manage In the longer run, American trade troubles ment in Dearborn for spending much less on IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES can mean deeper disaster in whole industries research in the U.S. than in Eprope. Thursday, May 10, 1973 where people are still working, for with each The U.S. economy has adapted to imports, new production method introduced in an in and new industries have replaced those the Mr. HUBER. Mr. Speaker, as a long dustry, in Japan or Europe (some by Amer Europeans and Japanese have vanquished. time advocate of a more forceful U.S. ef ican-owned companies), that industry in the The U.S. leads in space and communica fort to export the products of its indus U.S. suffers. tions technology, advar.ced computers, elec try, it is sobering to contemplate that That's what happened to the American tronics and the manufacture of airplanes. the only manufactured items most coun steel industry, which once led the world be Although Europe is self-sufficient in al tries really seek from us are those few cause of early U.S. innovations. Now Ameri most everything else, it will depend on U.S. can steel production is virtually the laugh feed grains for many years. in which we still hold a technological ingstock of the world because new methods But slowly and surely, the U.S. is becoming edge, such as advanced computers, elec developed elsewhere were not used in U.S. a service country as exports of traditional, tronics and some aircraft. In most other plants. manufactured goods, chemicals, fuels and fields, we no longer offer superior qual The lack of innovation by tradit ional minerals fall off. Already the service indus ity or more desirable product features, American industries is one of the reasons tries--distributing, selling, fitting goods, and our products are rather consistently the United States doesn't export more than more and more of them imported-account overpriced and underserviced by com it does. for nearly half of the nation's output. West Germans enjoy reminding Americans Protectionism has been offered as an an parison with those offered by other in that the U.S., as the victorious nation, could swer, but nobody wants the consequences of dustrial nations. have had the Volkswagen design after World a trade war. The hard facts concerning our posi War II to build in the U.S. and ship abroad. A ranking expert with the Common Mar tion in international trade are clearly But American manufacturers chose to stay ket warned: "Either you innovate, and find summarized in an article by Saul Fried with big cars. areas in which you compete, or you will end man of the Detroit News Washington However, there are other reasons why the up second rate in world trade, sending us staff. My colleagues will find this valu United States is not much good at exporting. grain and servicing what we sell." able if frightening reading. Especially And the most important seems to be that we Those remarks were in stark contrast to disturbing is the conclusion reached by never really had to depend on exports. the words of an Englishman, F. A. McKenzie, In the past only the South, with its cotton, in 1902: a Common Market expert who said that tobacco and other agricultural products, was "America. has invaded Europe not wit h the United States must "innovate and export-minded. American manufacturers en armed men, but with manufactured goods .. . find areas in which you compete or you joyed such a. huge and rapidly growing mar Our aristocracy marry American wives, and will end up second rate in world trade." ket at home, they concentrated on it. Only their coachmen are giving place to American The article follows: if they had anything left over, they exported trained drivers of American-built automo [From the Detroit Free Press, April 5, 1973] it. biles. . . . Our babies are fed on American For Japan and most of the nations of foods, and our dead are buried in American UNITED STATES FUMBLING IN EXPORT FIELD Europe, the ability to export has meant life coffins." (By Saul Friedman) or death for their economies. And today their BRUSSELS.-American scientist, William B. exports account for 20 to 30 percent of their Shockley, won the Nobel Prize for inventing annual wealth. AMENDING THE MERCHANT the transistor. Even today, U.S. exports amount to only MARINE ACT OF 1970 But there are no transistors made in six percent of the $1.3 trillion in goods and America. services the country produces. And although Chemical engineers working for an Amer there are increasing complaints about grow ing imports, the U.S. has lost relatively few HON. FRANKM. CLARK ican company devised a. revolutionary new OF PENNSYLVANIA plant to turn out industrial chemicals jobs and industries to foreign products. cheaply and fast. Instead of exporting goods, the U.S. has IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES But the first such new plant was built 1n chosen to export money to take over foreign Thursday, May 10, 1973 Belgium. companies, invest 1n them, or build Ameri And although U.S. oil refineries can't keep can-owned plants abroad. Mr. CLARK. Mr. Speaker, as chair up with the demand, the biggest and newest This has accounted not only for an increase man of the Subcommittee on Merchant refineries-bunt by American companies in imports, but also for a decrease in the de Marine of the Committee on Merchant are going up in Europe. sire to export. For example, Ford of Europe will export Marine and Fisheries, I am today intro These are some of the reasons Europeans ducing, with other members of the com say that the United States, the greatest in 100,000 European-built Capris to the U.S. dustrial nation on earth, is on the way to this years. And General Motors will send to mittee, a bill to amend the Merchant Ma becoming the "bread basket of the world." the States about 60,000 Opels. rine Act of 1970. The legislation will pro Which is where we began. Last year only 9,150 Ford, Chrysler and GM vide merchant nuclear-powered vessels, Even such Americans as former Secretary cars were exported to Europe, compared with contracted before July 1, 1978, with in of Commerce Maurice Sta.ns have acknowl a. high of 35,000 in 1965. Ford's officials in England explain that centive support payments to cover such edged that in addition to agricultural prod portion of the contracting cost differ ucts, such as soybeans and feed grain for Europe's roads are not suited to big American livestock, about the only thing the U.S. has cars, and higher taxes and gasoline prices ences arising from the use of nuclear that other big countries want are our prod put them at a disadvantage. propulsion units, as the Secretary of ucts of super technology-computers and air So why doesn't Ford export the Pinto to Commerce may determine is necessary frames. Europe? for the purpose of fostering the advance And even in several high-technology areas, Because shipping costs and local taxes, and ment of U.S.-fiag maritime technology. the Japanese and the Europeans (with the the cost of building them in the U.S., would make their price prohibitive in Europe, they The recipients of the incentive support help of American plants etsa.blished here}_ would, under the proposed legislation, re are beginning to catch up. replied. The President's International Economic But automobile industry wage rates in pay the sums received subject to govern Report said: "Although we fared better in England are drawing even with American mental recapture of 20 percent of each the case of more sophisticated manufacturers, rates; the Japanese are successful selling nuclear powered vessel's annual net op our gains (in trade) were relatively small, their cars to Europe by shipping them over erating income, as defined in the Mari except for aircraft. two oceans, and the local taxes are about the time Administration's uniform vessel "We are losing our competitive position same for Pintos (or GM's Vega.) and Euro accounting system, until the entire in traditional products with large markets," pean-built cars. The discussion came down to this: amount of incentive support payments and "agricultural trade has been our bright for each such vessel shall have been re est spot.'' Most European-based manufacturers, in In 1971, for the first time in 100 years, the cluding Ford and GM, are satisfied with a covered by the Government. U.S. imported more in goods-$2 billion lower rate of profit than the U.S., 1n order I have stated many times, both in com worth-than it sold abroad. And last year, to compete. The rate of profit here is around mittee hearings and on the floor of the May 10, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15395 House, that the United States must have torneys and other professionals; and the Venture to Deal in Land; Clearing Clouds on a modern, productive, and efficient mer Commission would be authorized to employ Title Resulting from Violation of Building consultants and regular sta.ft' members to in line Restrictions; and E1Iort of Contract Term chant marine in order to compete in the vestigate and prepa.re studies under its su Disclaiming Parole Representations to Bar world markets. Nuclear power merchant pervision and direction. Action for Fraud in Inducement of Agree ships is one of the answers. The Law Revision Commission established ment. Each study and report represent s a de Today's high productivity ships such in the State of New York in 1934, has served tailed review of the problem in question, and as the VLCC's and container ships re as the prototype for others created since that is replete with legislative references and cita quire a g1·eat deal of horsepower to move date. (L. 1934, c.597, effective May 16, 1934: tions to relevant judicial precedents. ever increasing tonnage at high speeds. 5 McKinney's Consol, Laws of New York. Book A considerable number of States have es 31, Legislative Law, Art 4A, Law Revision tablished Law Revision Commissions as a This, coupled with the escalating bunker Commission, sees. 70 to 72.) It is composed permanent, continuing part of their legisla C fuel prices, make nuclear power a very of seven members; five appointed by the tive and governmental structures. They in competitive propulsion system candidate. Governor for five years, plus the respective clude, for example, Michigan (Mich. Com Also, as a side benefit, economic studies chairman of the Committees on the Judiciary p i led Laws, 1967, 4.311, at 4.322-4.324); Cali have shown that nuclear ships can result and on Codes of the State Senate and Assem fornia. (West's Anno, Cali f. Codes. vol. 32A, in a favorable balance of payments. For bly. The stat ute provides that at least two sees. 10300-10340) ; Louisiana (West 's L a . example, to import the projected needs appointed members shall be members of law Stat s. Anno., 1969, vol. 17, Title 24, Ch. 4, sec. of oil from the Persian Gulf in 1980 by facult ies of universities or law schools within 201); Pennsylvania (46 Purdon's Penn. Stat s. the State and that four appointed members Anno., Title 46, sees. 65 and 431.1); Maryla nd fossil fired tankers the balance-of-pay shall be members of the New York bar. (Maryl and Anno. Code, Art. 40, sees. 48 to ment deficit on bunker C for propulsion The Commission is charged by statute 53) ; and Virginia (Virginia Code Anno., sees. could be as high as $650 million per year. with the following duties: 30-29 to 30-34). See also Minn. Stats. Anno., For nuclear it would be zero because all 1. To examine the common law and sees 3.31 to 3.38, 3.42; and sees. 3.301 to 3.302. the fuel would be obtained from U.S. statutes of the state and current judicial Helpful background information concern som·ces. decisions for the purpose of discovering de ing the functions of Law Revision govern After 20 years of extensive research fects and anachronisms in the law a..nd rec mental units was made available to Commis ommending needed reforms. sion representatives by members of the bar and development, the time has arrived 2. To receive and consider proposed in the Dist rict of Columbia, Philadelphia, and for nuclear merchant ships to take their changes in the law recommended by the New York.1 place on the high seas in pursuit of in American Law Institute, the commissioners In the District of Columbia Government, ternational commerce. I feel that this for the promotion of uniformity of legisla the Corporation Counsel serves as the chief legislation will help provide the proper tion in the United States, any bar associa legal officer (West's D.C. Code Encycl. Sees 1- stimulus for the American merchant tion or other lea.rned bodies. 301 to 1-303, and Reorg. Order No. 50, as marine industry's efforts to modernize 3. To receive and consider suggestions from amended, West's D.C. Code Encycl., Vol. 2, and rebuild the U.S. fleets into a com judges, just ices, public officials, lawyers and pp. 202-207, and 1970-1971 Ann. Cum. Pocket the public generally as to defects and ana Part, (p. 111)), much as the Attorney Gen petitive position. chronisms in the law. eral and Corporation Counsel, or City Solic 4. To recommend, from time to time, such it or serve the States of New York and Penn changes in the law as it deems necessary to sylvan ia, and the cities of New York and DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA LAW modify or eliminate antiquated and inequi Philadelphia, i.e., jurisdictions where law REVISION COMMISSION table rules of law, and to bring the law of this revision commissions have been established state, civil and criminal, into harmony with for some years. modern conditions. Experience demonstrates that an active HON. ANCHER NELSEN 5. To report its proceedin gs annually to Corporation Counsel's office, burdened with OF MINHESOXA the legislature ... and, if it deems advisable, the day-to-day workload of litigation and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to accompany its report with proposed bills accumulated administrative responsibilities, to carry out any of its recommendations. (5 has little time or adequate facilities to un Thursday, May 10, 1973 McKinney's ConsoZ. Laws of New York, Book dertake studies into legislative shortcomings, Mr. NELSEN. Mr. Speaker, I have in 31 Art. 4A, sec. 72.) or to exercise initiative in formulating rec troduced, along with Congressman DoN The report of the New York Law Revision ommendations for specific legislative im FuQuA of Florida, a bill that would pro Commission for 1962 (Legislative Document provement. The work of law-revision com (1962), No. 65) is illustrative of the type and missions serves to supplement and assist, as vide for a Law Revision Commission for quality of work performed by the Commis well as ultimately to strengthen, the re the District of Columbia. The bill that sion during a relatively active year. The re sources available to the chief law-enforce we introduce is consistent with the rec port consists of 810 printed pages. It in ment officials. There need be no confiict be ommendation contained in the report cludes fourteen current reports and recom tween the two; in fact, there has been no oc filed with the Speaker of the House on mendations; studies directed by the legisla casion for incongruity but rather an oppor August 17, 1972, by the Commission on ture; recommendations presented in 1962; tunity for meaningful cooperation between the Organization of the Government of three studies and communications to the leg them. The District Corporation Counsel is in the District of Columbia. Both Congress islature without recommenda~ion of legis cluded among those that would be given a lation; legislative history of twelve recom voice in the selection of members of the man FuQuA and I served on that Com mendations submitted in 1961 which were Commission proposed for the District of mission, and we welcome this opportu enacted into law, and four others whose im Columbia. nity to put into legislative language the plementing bills did not become law; calen The statement of basic purposes and re recommendation contained in that re dar of eight topics representing work in sponsibilities for the District Law Revision port. progress, nine topics on calendar for further Commission could be patterned after that For the information of those who may study, and twenty-five proposals for future governing the New York Law Revision Com not have had an opportunity to read consideration. Representative recommenda mission. (Legislative Law, Art. 4A, 5 McKin tions enacted into law included: Appoint ney's ConsoZ. Laws of New York, Book 31, the statement contained in that report as ment of Temporary Administrator for the sees. 70-72.) it relates to that matter, it appears be Protection of the Property of a Missing Per The proposed Commission would provide low: son; Power of Surrogate to Authorize Tempo a systematic method of collecting, coordinat LAW REVISION COMMISSION AND UNIFORM rary Administrator of Estate of Missing Per ing, and making available to the pertinent RULES OF PRACTICE son to Join with Co-Tenants of Missing Per 1 The Commission believes that the estab son in Disposition of Real Property; Extin They included Mr. Frank J. Whalen, Jr. guishment of Estate of Missing Person as (Spence, Whalen & Graham), Washington, lishment of a Law Revision CollliDission for Joint Tenant Upon Deposit of its Value in the District of Columbia would supply a D.C.; Mr. William E. Zeiter (Morgan, Lewis & Court; Agreements Extending the Statutes Bockius), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and much-needed service now lacking in the leg of Limitation; E1Iect of Part Payment on islative and administrative machinery of the Mr. William B. Lawless (Mudge, Rose, Guth District Government. Time Limited for Foreclosure of a Mortgage; rie & Alexander), New York City. Their co Effect of Recording Executory Contract for operation and support of the modern trend A La.w Revision Commission, as contem Sale of Land and Priority of Vendee's Lien plated in this report, would be a permanent toward law-revision commissions could be arising from Payments Made Pursuant to characterized as enthusiastic. Valuable as body authorized by statute to conduct con [such] Executory Contract; and Accumula tinuing studies into the anachronisms and sistance was also provided by Mr. Arthur tion of Income of Trusts for Religious, Educa John Keeffe, Professor of Law at Catholic t:1equities in th& oommon law as well as tional, Charitable or Benevolent purposes. University, Washington, D.C., formerly a st at utory and case law, for the purpose of The current calendar of topics under study member of the law faculty at Cornell Univer developing recommendations and reports to included: Revision of Consolidated Laws to sity, where he was actively associated with the governing legislative body for its con Transfer Provisions to more Appropriate various studies and related projects under s ideration and adoption into law. Members Chapter or New Chapter; Application of taken by the New York Law Revision Com of the Commission would include local at- Statute of Frauds to Agreements for Joint mission. 15!l96 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS- May 10, 1973 legislative bodies suggestions for law reform the Speaker of the House of Representatives, those noble Communists, so different from emanating from administrative and other majority leader of the Senate, the respective the corrupt Thieu, the corrupt Marcos, etc. public officials, judges, lawyers, bar associa· minority leaders of the House of Representa The most recent issue includes some rather tions, universities, and other organzations tives and Senate, and the Chief Judge of the sentimental Communist poems, one by old as well as the general public. Suggestions District of Columbia Court of Appeals and Ho himself. would be transmitted, after study, in the District of Columbia Superior Court; and As a matter of fact, even in the context of form of a comprehensive report and, wher (3) the Chairman by the President of the the history of torture, the North Vietnamese ever appropriate, a draft bill. United States, subject to Senate confirma approach seems rather far out. Col. Risner The proposed Commission should be au tion. spent four years in solitary confinement. Col. thorized to prepare pamphlets on the Dis Cherry, a black, was tortured for three trict of Columbia Administrative Procedure months, was beaten five times a day, and Act (D.C. Code sees. 1-1501-1510) for the WHO SAID THEY WERE NOT spent 92 days in ropes and irons. We hear information and guidance of District Gov TORTURED? the grisly details of the rope-torture and ernment departments and agencies as well the "jumbo irons," which caused feet to swell as the general public. It is contemplated that up like "elephant feet with little knobs as such studies and pamphlets would contain HON. BOB WILSON toes." Prisoners were tied on anthills. A pertinent extracts from legislative history, broken arm was worked up and down "like selected citations to court decisions, etc., OF CALIFORNIA a pump." along the lines of the manuals issued by IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Compared with the North Vietnamese, the the Attorney General of the TJnited States Thursday, May 10, 1973 Greek colonels look like YMCA desk clerks. with respect to the Federal Administrative "No American" writes liberal columnist Har Procedure Act (5 U.S.C. 551-559, 701-706, Mr. BOB WILSON. Mr. Speaker, when riet Van Horne, "can read Major Floyd 1305, 3105, 3344, 5362, and 7521), including Jane Fonda, Ramsey Clark, Tom Hay Kushner's account of life in a Viet Cong its Freedom of Information provisions, in den, and company returned from Hanoi prison camp and not be choked with pity 1947 and June 1967, respectively. to annonnce that our prisoners of war and rage. Dachau, Auschwitz, and the foulest It is also recommended that the proposed were being treated with consummate prisons of our Civil War were not as vile Commission be authorized to prepare and incredible as it seems-as the V.C. camps." issue uniform rules of practice, including kindness by their captors, most Ameri Tell us more, Ramsey. Let's hear from you, hearing rules, to govern all District of Co cans were incredulous. Now that our Dan and Phil and Susan 9-nd Mary, and you, lumbia agencies conductiong on-the-record prisoners of war have returned to relate you Concerned Asian Scholars. hearings to determine legal rights, etc., pur their tortures and deprivations, we know suant to statutory procedural requirement, that our distrust was not misplaced. The constitutional right, or otherwise afforded allegedly saintly North Vietnamese keep MEDICAL EDUCATION NEEDS by the agency. The uniform rules of practice ers of our men, about whom we heard so FEDERAL FUNDS would apply to on-the-record evidentiary proceedings of all District Government agen much from Miss Fonda and crew, have cies, unless an agency ( 1) determined that now been exposed in their true colors. I would like to share with my House col HON. ROBERT F. DRINAN a different procedural rule of its own, with OF MASSACHUSETTS respect to a particular area or matter, would leagues the following commentary by better serve the public interest, and (2) dem Jeffrey Hart, which appeared in the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES onstrated that fact to the satisfaction of April 24 Daily Californian: Thursday, May 10, 1973 the Commission. Uniform rules of practice FONDA, CLARK AND Co.-FLACKS FOR TORTURERS for all departments and agencies of the Com Mr. DRINAN. Mr. Speaker, although monwealth of Pennsylvania were promul (By Jeffrey Hart) virtually every medical school in the gated by the Committee on Documents (a Why anyone should actually be surprised country will be financially harmed by the permanent seven-member body appointed that our POWs were tortured by the North budget cuts in Federal medical programs by the Governor) pursuant to section 1403 Vietnamese and the Viet Cong is a little that the President proposes for fiscal year of the Commonwealth Documents Law, en hard to understand. Torture is absolutely acted July 31, 1968 (Law No. 240, July 31, commonplace for prisoners in the hands of 1974, I have recently learned of one 1968, 45 Purdon's Penn. Stats. Anno., Title Asian military, and it has nothing to do with medical institution that offers a unique 45, sees. 1101-1611). The Committee on Docu communism. program that will be particularly threat ments is authorized to codify and revise the The imperial Japanese-could anyone for ened if these proposed reductions areal regulations (including procedural rules) ap get?-behaved despicably to our POWs. The lowed to take effect. plicable to all departments and agencies of Kuomintang and the Communist Chinese The Tufts University School of Medi the State government, having in mind uni were equally brutal. Nor need anyone have cine is unusual in that while it has one formity of style and expression. The uniform any illusions about the South Vietnamese. On of the smallest operating budgets of any rules of practice for Commonwealth of Penn strategic grounds, I consider that the com sylvania agencies have been published, in munization of Southeast Asia would be a medical school, it has an unusually high printed looseleaf form, as Part II of the disaster, but this does not mean that I am enrollment. The Tufts Medical School re Pennsylvania Code, Chapters 31, 33 and 35 under any illusions about life in Saigon's lies heavily on Federal funds for its con [Preliminary Provisions, Documentary Fil jails and nrison camps. tinued growth; if these funds are taken ings and Formal Proceedings, respectively], The torture revelations do, however, shed away this demonstrated program will pp. 80.1 to 90.11, inclusive.2 a good deal of light on those who have been necessarily be stifled. Recommendation No. VIII-3.-The Com presenting themselves as the keepers of our Dr. Lauro F. Cavazos, the associate mission recommends that the District Gov conscience, zooming off on "night-flights to ernment initiate legislation that would au Hanoi" and returning with hums of praise dean of the Tufts University Medical thorize the establishment of a Law Revision to the courteous little brown men they met School, has submitted to me a statement Commission for the District of Col·umbia, in there and in the rice-paddies, so gentle, so outlining the program of Tufts and the the form of a permanent body as suggested wise. To put it bluntly, these people have tragic effect that the administration's in the preceding discussion, to be composed been flacking for torturers: the Berrigan budget cuts will have upon this program of fifteen members appointed as follows: (1) brothers, Ramsey Clark, Jane Fonda, Tom if enacted. I hope that my fellow Mem two each appointed by the Mayor-Commis Hayden, Mary McCarthy, Cora Weiss, Susan bers of Congress will give close attention sioner, Chairman of the District of Columbia Sontag and Dave Dellinger. to the views of Dr. Cavazos: Council, District of Columbia Corporation Ramsey Clark is typical. He took a quick Counsel, and the United States Attorney tor trip to Hanoi visited the "Hanoi Hilton" SPEECH OF DR. LAURO F. CAVAZOS the District of Columbia; (2) one each by POW camp-though not its notorious "Room It is indeed a privilege to be here this 18"-and saw a few carefully selected and morning to share with you some of the prob ~ According to Mr. William E. Zeiter of the supervised POWS. Whereupon he burst into lems which Tufts University School of Medi Philadelphia bar and a member of the Com song. The treatment the POWs were receiving cine is facing in the coming year. These mittee on Documents, steps are underway to was humane and civilized, they were in mar problems will revolve around three areas: ( 1) amend section 1403 of the Commnwealth velous shape, etc. And Clark is only one of a medical education, (2) research, and (3) Documents Law so that the uniform rules long parade of such flacks-visiting Hanoi, service. Tufts has an outstanding a n d distin of practice shall be governing except where rushing home and into print with articles guished faculty. Complementing this is an a particular department or agency demon and books, cashing-in in a big way, hitting excellent student body-promising young strates, to the Committee's satisfaction, that the campus lecture circuit and salting away people with keen minds and enthusiasm who a different procedural rule of its own would top fees, bringing the news of the noble are seeking a quality education in their better serve the public interest with respect North to agog student audiences. Uncle Ho, chosen field of medicine. It is somewhat dis to a particular area or matter. Mr. Zeiter the George Washington of his country, as tressing for me to report that this combina stated that the comprehensive uniform rules George McGovern used to call him. tion of faculty and students is in jeopardy of practice were adapted from those cur If you want a laugh, take a look at the and may be unable to function maximally rently used by the Federal Power Commis Bulletin of Concerned Asian Scholars, a because of the potential loss of federal funds llion and the Securities and Exchange Com Maoist organ which is the academic version for a number of health and medical pro mission. of the flacking operation noted above. All grams. May 10, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15397 Most medical schools have several sources abandoned. One readily can imagine these One of the truly revolutionary new direc of funds available for education and research. effects. Let us consider some of the problems tions in the delivery of health care 1n the These include tuition, direct financial sup faced by a young medical student coming past decade had its origin at Tufts in the port from the University system itself, state into a medical school of today. He arrives development of neighborhood health centers. funds, federal funding, money from hospitals with a dedication to serve his fellowman From this there resulted a new era of rela or patient care, and endowment and gifts. through medicine. The one point that is tionship to the medical schools to direct care Unfortunately Tufts University School of constantly before him, as well as the faculty in the community as well as the solution of Medicine can rely only upon tuition, fed of the medical school, is the question of qual problems of providing health services out eral funds and gifts. In terms of an operat ity-how one retains quality in order to side the teaching hospital. This brought ing budget, Tufts has one of the smallest better serve his patients. All of us are aware about a re-evaluation of the delivery of in the country; yet we are in the first quartile of the cost of medical education. Although primary and comprehensive health care in terms of enrollment. There is no question graduates can expect to earn a good living throughout the country and because of this that the quality of the medical student grad by American standards, it is too much to there has grown a new emphasis on the edu uating from Tufts University is superior by expect that a young person will have to add cation of young people as physicians who any standards applied. debts of somewhere between $30,000 and will be delivering family care. Our students draw internships and enter $60,000 before he can begin the practice of The record of Tufts in this area has been residencies in the best hospitals in the medicine. Thus the administration's inten outstanding. Hardly a day passes that I do United States. Most of them go into direct tion to discontinue scholarship assistance not see a young medical student who will patient care and offer superb service to their means that the opportunity to study medi come to my office to ask about the possibili patients throughout the country. Others cine at Tufts will increasingly be denied to ties of learning family care medicine. Their enter academic medicine and become excel all of those but the sons and daughters of interest in programs which TUfts has lent teachers and investigators. the weal thy. pioneered has attracted them to our school. If the federal funds that are being reduced As you know, Tufts has been among the Now we are concerned about our ability to continue to be cut at the rate they are going national leaders in the recruitment of mi maintain some of these programs and prom or are acelerated, the Tufts University School nority and disadvantaged students into ises we have made to our students. The of Medicine will be in dire financial straits. medical educational programs. Now this pro existence of all of these programs on the We will be forced to alter or reduce teaching gram is jeopardized. Under a laudable fed delivery of health care are threatened by the and research programs; we will have to let eral grant, steps were taken to see that these withdrawal of funds. Funds for the neigh faculty go, and if this occurs we may have to students also had an equal educational op borhood health care center itself, funds for reduce our enrollment in the School of Medi portunity to prepare themselves to enter the medical school clinical centers that pro cine. Thus if the federal funding situation the health professions. At a time when these vided the medical services, and funds for the does not improve, all of this will be necessary programs are getting underway we fear dras medical schools cooperating in education in order to keep our doors open. At the pres tic cutbacks in these directions. Thus may and service programs. Our future physicians ent time there do not appear to be funds be lost the science education, reinforcement cannot be adequately prepared to give pri available from other sources that can take and enrichment at college and medical school mary family care and to be of help with up the slack in order to continue to be a. levels. Lost also is the recruitment of those community health problems if they cannot productive medical school. young students· from the local community learn from and in conjunction with the peo There is no question in anyone's mind that who might be more likely to return to help ple of the community, the quaility and cost of health care are de with problems of health in their own com Support of research, as I have already pendent upon three factors. These are: ( 1) munity. With these changes there will dis mentioned, is one of the oldest of the Gov the education of the physician, (2) research appear the potential to help some of the best ernment's achievements in the health care or the acquisition of"new knowledge and in minds of our young people in the solving of field. As a result, the United States has formation, and (3) the provision of the our problems of human disease. literally given the people of America as well clinical care itself. I would like to discuss The Medical School at Tufts University has as the world marked advances so that polio now, in a rather specific manner, some of the made great strides in increasing the number no longer cripples or kills thousands, so that problems we are facing because of these fi of students enrolled. Our programs were tuberculosis is no longer the tragic killer nancial cutbacks which will have major and planned, faculty recruited, facilities ex that it once was, so that a whole gen serious impact upon the quality of education panded, and students attracted. All of eration of anti-biotics has resulted in con and the remarkable products of our research this was dependent upon federal funding trol of rheumatic fever, pneumonia and laboratories. First let me deal with the ques and most importantly continued federal other infections, and so that the artificial tion of research. We must bear in mind that funding. Now, suddenly when increased num kidneys keep people alive until new organs because of biomedical investigation, there has bers of students are on board, the admin can be transplanted. All of these benefits, occurred reduction of many diseases, and, in istration, it appears, plans to cut off the and countless more, have come about be fact, elimination of others. These results were funds which brought the students to Tufts. cause of the contributions from the bio greatly accelerated because of the funding Also reduced perhaps is the money essential medical research laboratory. Now some of of research by the Federal Government. There to the School's ability to employ the teachers the laboratory doors at Tufts may have to be is little doubt, I submit, that strides we have and to otherwise operate the institution just closed. Research teams that took a genera made over the past two decades in the area on a day-to-day basis. tion to gather wlll be scattered and will not of research have come to fruition because of The quality of the physician depends upon easily be brought together even if the funds Federal funding. It now appears that these the excellence of mind of the student who were made available in the near future. This will be cut so drastically that we will be applies and is accepted. Further, quality also is truly a rather bitter harvest for us to ac unable to continue our current level of re depends critically upon the need and kind cept. search activity at Tufts. The reduction of of education received in the medical school. At Tufts we will now have to plan almost funding for research and for the support of I must continue to remind you that the as for a disaster situation; we must ask how our scientists could bring our continued quality of education at Tufts University do we maintain the quality of our faculty advance over major illness and afllictions of School of Medicine may be endangered by and their numbers, how do we maintain an man to a tragic halt. There are programs, of the administration's cutback. educational program of quallty and how do course, which are concentrating on cancer Now let me recite the litany of what will we do our research? and heart diseases. But the solution to all happen if the federal funds are withdrawn So, to summarize, for right or for wrong, disease problems including these mentioned at the Tufts University School of Medicine. for better or for worse, the federal funds has its discovery in the basic laws of the bio First of all we will probably have to reduce have become vital to the existence of Tufts logical sciences. Such advances are likely to the number of students that we educate in University School of Medicine and we feel come about more rapidly from the efforts of order to maintain quality. Secondly, the fail that in turn Tufts is making an essential many who are doing research on a variety ure to support the special projects grant will contribution which is significant to the of disease problems rather than upon con mean that money to pay the additional fac health care of the American people. Our al centration on two or three diseases. ulty to educate additional numbers of phy ternatives are few and so we must look to Now let us turn to numbers of students sicians will be lost and we will have to the federal funding programs. enrolled. Within the past few years the terminate the appointments of some of our There is no question, I submit, that shortage of medical manpower has emerged faculty. Thirdly, the abandonment of the periodic review of all federal support pro as one of national concern. The medical training grant programs will also eliminate grams is necessary and essential if we are to schools have responded to this problem and support of other faculty and some of these maintain direction and priority of programs have been able to increase the number of trainees, themselves in advanced learning identified as vital by the American public, physicians being educated by about 50%. programs, have been teaching medical stu voted by the Congress and administered by This program and progress is just beginning dents of the health sciences. The training the President. Thus, through their orderly to bear fruit and was possible only because grant program was directed to producing process, maximum effectiveness and efficien of the massive assistance through federal teachers for future physicians as well as cy of federal funds can be assured. In funds-money for construction of educa other members of the health team and the closing I would like to emphasize that ab tional facilities, training grants and special reduction of the training grant program will rupt and wholesale abandonment of federal projects, to help gather about us faculty and have serious consequences upon our ability funds in the health care field will have in funds to help support and give scholarship to educate students and future teachers of evitable tragic effects on Tufts University aid to our students. It now appears that all medicine. Finally, research will suffer and we School of Medicine and on the health care of these vital programs will soon have to be are all aware of this consequence. provided for many of our citizens.