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The Cartulary of Missenden Abbey Part Iii

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The Cartulary of Missenden Abbey Part Iii ]; THE CARTULARY OF ~\/[ISSENDEN ABBEY PART III HISTORICAL MANUSCRIPTS COMMISSION JP THE CARTULARY OF MISSENDEN ABBEY PART III Edited, with an Introduction, by J. G. JENKINS, F.S.A. General Editor, Buckinghamshire Record Society LONDON HER MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE I962 © Crown copyright x962 Published by HER MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE To be purchased from York House, Kingsway, London wc.2 423 Oxford Street, London w.I X3A Castle Street, Edinburgh 2 Io 9 St. Mary Street, Cardiff 39 King Street, Manchester 2 5 ° Fairfax Street, Bristol I 35 Smallbrook, Ringway, Birmingham 5 8o Chichester Street, Belfast I or through any bookseller PRICE £4 xos. od. NET :I t ~4 :'5 !:!~ii Printed in England under the authority of Her Majesty's Stationery Office by Geo. Gibbons Ltd., Leicester This volume, which has been prepared by the Buck- inghamshire Record Society, forms no. I in the Joint Publication series published by Her Majesty's Stationery Office for the Historical Manuscripts Commission. Parts I and II have already been issued by the Buckingham- shire Record Society. CONTENTS Abbreviations and Symbols ix Introduction xi The Cartulary I Index of Names and Places 233 ABBREVIATIONS & SYMBOLS Terminal expansions, especially of personal names when the right ending is conjectured, are printed in italic Adamo Additions and interlineations, which form part of the final record, are in parentheses and marked by the symbol I" . J" (filius) Marginal notes by the scribe • ' * (nota) Interpolations and additions by the transcriber • [etc. Warranty clause] Blank spaces in MS. indicated by . [blank] or .... Terminal expansions, especially of place-names, when the right ending is uncertain, are left with an apostrophe • Messenden' V.C.H. Victoria County History for Buckinghamshire B. & B.P.R. Bucks. and Beds. Pipe Rolls of the reign of Richard I, ed. by G. H. Fowler and M. W. Hughes B.H.R.S. Bedfordshire Historical Record Society B.R.B. Records Branch, Bucks. Archaeological Society BW5 Bodleian Library, Browne Willis MS. 5: transcript of the Coke Cartulary L.R.S. • Lincoln Record Society M.C. Pt. I (or Pt. II) Missenden Cartulary, Part I (or Part II) P.R.S. Pipe Roll Society (ix) INTRODUCTION This volume brings to an end the publication of the Missenden Cartu- lary (Had. MS. 3688) ; the first instalment appeared in 1939 and the second in 1955 . Despite the understandable tendency in recent years to print only abstracts of such records, it has seemed best to present the charters in full, with the exception of the warranty clause, and thus preserve the pattern followed in the two previous volumes. The provenance and state of the Cartulary have been described in the introduction to Part I as has the Browne Willis transcript of another cartulary, unfortunately lost, relating to the Abbey. A statement then made thatnone of the original charters has survived requires some slight modification as a few, relating chiefly to Broughton, have come to light in the Hampton collection preserved in the Birmingham Reference Library (see nos. 557, 559, 561, 562, 57 I, 574, 575, 579, 856 ). Comparison of these with the versions of Robert of Wells indi- cates that he was by no means an impeccable copyist and in particu- lar he seems to ha,¢e had an unfortunate habit of taking liberties with place-names. The contents of this last section of the Cartulary are more varied than those of the earlier volumes. Of the 38o numbered items, about 6o are not classifiable as Charters; of these 36 are final concords (nos. 794, 846-9, 857-63, 867-88, 9 °2, 9o3) many of which are not in- eluded in the volume of Feet of Fines (Records Branch, vol. 4) , 12 are Papal Bulls (nos. 89o-9oi), the earliest issued in 1137 and the latest at the end of the I3th century, while the remainder record legal actions in which the Abbey was concerned, such as disseisins (nos. 843-5) , livery of seisin (no. 852), and licences under the Statute of Mortmain (nos. 853, 855 ). Moreover, the subject-matter of this sec- tion is no longer confined to grants in Buckinghamshire as the two preceding volumes predominantly were but covers a wide field in- eluding London, Oxfordshire, Hertfordshire, Middlesex, Bedford- shire, Suffolk, and Huntingdonshire. The royal and episcopal charters and letters which are inserted at the end of the Cartulary have already been printed in the first volume (nos. 1-29). The chief modern account is to be found in V.C.H. Buckinghamshire, i, pp. 369-76 (I9o5) by Sister Elspeth of the Community of All Saints, who made good use of the material contained in the Lincoln episcopal registers. Mention should also be made ofR. H. Beevers, Missenden Abbey (I956), a brief review which concentrates more on the post-Dissolution history of the former Abbey~ xi xil THE MISSENDEN CARTULARY (a) History of the Abbey According to the foundation charter (no. 3o) the Abbey was founded by William de Missenden in I I33. The founder is a some- what shadowy figure. Although he was clearly a considerable holder of land in the Great Missenden area neither his family nor his land is identifiable in the Domesday Survey compiled only fifty years previ- ously. He was probably the lord of Peterley manor in Missenden which is not listed in the Survey. His son Hugh, who assumed the name of de Noers, z made a grant of land in Peterley to the Abbey, which by the end of the 13th century was in possession of Peterley manor (no. 58). The Abbey belonged to the Arrouasian Order of Augustinian canons,8 as did Notley (or Nutley) Abbey founded by Waiter Giffard at about the same time as Missenden. The latter, as William de Missenden's overlord, confirmed the initial grants to the Abbey (no. 39) and it was probably owing to his influence that the new house so quickly won royal favour, for it was in the year of its foundation that Henry I took it under his protection and tutelage (no. 7). Stephen, too, issued confirmatory charters and himself bestowed on the Abbey his mill at Headington (nos. I--5) , while Henry II and even John issued writs conferring legal protection on the Abbey (nos. 6, 8-I I, i3, i5). The original endowment of the Abbey can only be de- scribed as modest, consisting apparently of the church of Great Missenden, the site of the Abbey, and land in the immediate vicinity, but by the end of the century its benefactions had grown to sub- !! stantial proportions, as shown by the confirmatory Bulls of Pope Eusebius in 1I45 (no. 894 ) and Pope Alexander III ofi i8i (no. 893). The latter mentions a number of churches which had been given to i:5 I the Abbey, namely the church of St. Peter at Great Missenden, Great Kimble, Shiplake (co. Oxon.), Swinford (probably co. Berks.), East Portlemouth (co. Devon), Radenhale, and Weston Turville, to- gether with the chapels of Broughton and The Lee. It seems clear that it was only in the case of the first three churches and the chapel of The Lee that the Abbey was able to establish and maintain its rights. There is no record in the Cartulary of a grant of the church of Swin- ford. With regard to East Portlemouth the tenure by the Abbey of the advowson did not endure for more than forty years for in I2I 9 it was surrendered (no. 857). Radenhale is not mentioned elsewhere and is probably identifiable with Redenhall, co. Norfolk, but its 2. The reason for the assumption of the name is not known. Dr. Fowler suggests that it may have been that of his mother 'perhaps a daughter of the Domesday house of Nowers of Gayhurst' (B. ~ B.P.R. 179). 3. For an account of the Order, see G. H. Fowler, Harrold Cartulary (B.H.R.S. xvii), 7~ 8t and A. Glapham, Lesnes Abbey, 75-8x, °.. THE .M'ISSENDEN CARTULARY xln church does not appear to have had any connexion with the Abbey. Similarly there is no evidence that Weston Turville church belonged to the Abbey, though at the time of Pope Alexander's Bull the canons clearly thought that they had a claim to it. Two years later the Abbey came to an agreement with the Turville family (no. 245) whereby they surrendered their supposed rights to Weston Turville church in return for an annual payment of£3 out of the revenues of Taplow church. ~ Further, the extensive grants of land in Broughton to the Abbey make no mention of its chapel. Why were such churches included in the Papal Bull? No definite answer is possible but it may be that the Abbey considered itself to have some kind of claim to them which it tried to strengthen by securing papal support, It is to be noted that neither the church of Gaversfield (no. 623) nor the chapel at Muswell (nos. 634, 638 ) are mentioned in the Bull of I I8I, though both had by then been in the possession of the Abbey for a considerable time. The only other churches acquired in the I ~th century were those of Glatton in Huntingdonshire (no. 82o) and Chalfont St. Peter. 5 With regard to temporal possessions the Abbey during the first sixty years or so &its existence attracted a number of benefactors many of them belonging to well-known feudal famil{es, such as Dammartin, Boulogne, Bolbec, Brito, Foug6res, Giffard, and by the end of the twelfth century its endowments included lands and rents not only in Buckinghamshire but also in Oxfordshire, Hampshire, Norfolk, Suffolk, Hertfordshire, Middlesex, and London.
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