DOCSLIB.ORG

Systematics of North American Colubrid Snakes Related to Tantilla Planiceps (Blainville)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Systematics of North American Colubrid Snakes Related to Tantilla Planiceps (Blainville) SYSTEMATICS OF NORTH AMERICAN COLUBRID SNAKES RELATED TO TANTILLA PLANICEPS (BLAINVILLE) CHARLES J. COLE AND LAURENCE M. HARDY BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VOLUME 171: ARTICLE 3 NEW YORK: 1981 -.,:i.I-1.1--I.,,1, ,.',',-. , I .. 4 .,'-.,' . - '.., '-- ,,,.-, . ,-..-'.l,,1t.7__l' 11 -1 1411 11 ,.r ,'t II,I.,. .I-,.",V'_'-,., I-t. .14 "__'li. ",.,"-I.k,r._', ,4,...1, 6--:Ii.,,--.P-",;-., ...', '4 -.-,I,'-',,. .!,V, ,.,..k.-",I.-... .e.,Z,,, _.::,,OFT 4,'% .I.It,,,iII_. "T i...I-.,..I:, t -, ,I .V. 4. ._,.4"...V-.11_,--.-; 4--.",.1.-;.., &,4.,'-,_ -I -. .,-.. -, --,., -.' 'I, I"', -,-.', - _,;....,4. ,,,._:',i ,,,.'.-. .v-.,..l-, I-"_,,.-.:, ..,11 .... _. .- .t ,,.&-, ,-" 1,; V " " :, ,-4I".- III"...-",., "-_.-:,..,_- .,'._. .;, .. --,,.;.9I-,.-I'.rl .-`, .'. -". .-'.j .401, t'.;z_ ,,.!'.'.1; lo,t, ,-- '- ,% Io,ill-,-.,,z-.V; .. - .,,,, J-,,4,.'-`. i... .J,..', ,. .'..V,"', ,- '' __A._k .,k, l_,",.',; ',., ..e --.- ,`.,.,...--.4-i--.'. 1"...1,.,.,,..-..,,,i,..-,Ii,,.,1,0"11,1.k,.I.." - -, ..!,.---,,.,.,.,", 1, ,., A.11 6 ` `v, .1 ,,. --.,-_,., 47 - .,", 1,",*- ,.,'.,.-.,I,,..".. .., ",j. "- ,"Ill .'I,".1 -'., -,.,;4, -."_-:;,. .', Ir.&i.-'Il_s. 4, -.' li 1. 1. ._ 1.I.,--.,.,3-- v...,,A_,W.-, ,1., " ,. ,-I-`,-"" J,'t ,W., ,.._. -i_.".'. ,, 1, .l ,"4'-,,..- ---,,.- .,i .q. -.I-..'f "", ..,, ":',.,,...t.-"I-., - .- 44 ,.I-.1,,I.,i,".-..,,.,- ., ,_41k .., 4'd I".. ,O', I,1._l_'.. ..'-f't, " .. I-, 41:- ,.Z."I-'. .;,, ,,,. "., .:1,t.1-Z, .' ,-,.---1.11_,;-_,, ,",Ax, 11 ''. .,.*1:- --.,t, I1. .:.,- -, .. ,. ,. i.1.4, - -..4 ... ,.:.; ,,;,,.,,", ..,I. 1, -,..1I1. 44Dl4 "',"I.,-,IY .-,-,..,_'_-I"N'. .-". 1.A-,I,-,.,,jtI. .... .,i I., ., ;,., 't -J, r'. 1_ .1 ,4'.4O 4,4 4444 ..,.., ..-I ,. ,., ": .,., ".k.-., .,:" -,. -..II__. .11 ., 1,Z," :41 ',.', 4;, ;.- .- .-.J,--I11_. .1' "; !.. ..' --.'t.l ...!.-..:..-1I. -,..,4,,I .1; 11, 1, ., .'_.,.-..'. ,., _,. " I,- .,_e ,._1-1 ..',II.__,.,..-,.".,.'.. ?.,.,,.-, ,I-,,..-,.W. "I, ..e-i ".,."I " .'. ,., '.,-,,.,. :'j,". 1-,., ,.,._-,-,,"".1 A, ;,,4",.i.,;-,, .iI", ,.,"'t":,",--I,., - '. ;4l *."--.--:0I"- 4, ." ,.1,.,.r,'..1, IA.._-...- IIi _,. I., ":., I-,..t4_' ...., .I- .- .,_,-,,"-.,,"'-'_ -r ,;- _.r ., ". .l 1.-.I....-1., -4-.-,- 1-1- " .'., -.-,,k, .. _- -._ ,-.,.,-,..1.".,..'I;, , ,.'i,'Itt-, 4.",i",11I.,,..' .II11"14:-!,. III.1..1, ,. ,-k4.'I',..,.. .1. IV -,,_ ..m' 0,- , 1.;, .,..VP4 " ..-,.- .- i-ll. _.-, i., 4, .i 4-ir. .i, -.;"4-1-",,.1-1;._."'., .l '1. "*` ,". .,,..1.,V. .. 1,. .. .,- ..,). .11. 1, ., f" ---x- -.. ,,._.,..,- ..,. _,; .,.I'll..1, -.-.i1-,4,,,il.,'I-,..1.,...-, 0 I. ",1-'l", -:'. I,".i .,4 ,.,"`-- . 4,A.I ", _. ,,"...,4..,,.I-,;I.t, __,..-", 1. ""..., .-I-*, ",:.,-.,-.,,.,,jx .'4,4,.,...,.-, --,- 1-1.. x't.. It'. I- I-4',#-;t-.,,.,"',-,-,I-",..,;,,..#:,,.i,'.', ,,:, '.,.'_ ----'i -1. --1 -.x,I I- I.1.-',-.4., ,"! -.,, ,-J,W_,:.-, .,( ,- ",._.:.,,-. .. ., -, t.'I. ,.,* 1. 4.,I.- 1.,.W. .I,,, ., "Z'';,_-.', .. -- -., k ,'..,.i' ,4% _IL "'.11i,.;, "', .1 1.. V "' "Ill'. -. ., ..!,.1- I*,r' .l"--44."'. ,..:., 1;;.i,...,,4.iI -,."t ..-'4.-7,-.;...,,..4,401.-..,.;'i",,1-1.,:--.-..-,,_i., "; "., -.. -,... .,...-."._,-.P, -..-4...-. 1.4,, i,_-,,.:' :,:, ,..--1:..'Ny,....--,,,,I,.,.,j.:,.:. I". .4 .-,,.i,ir ..'j wl;.--.k, "",4t..I.-'. ,,( 1." ll...; ....4'.- - "-A. .. -I.",-,1..-, ,"'__". ,. _,.'-' -1.,-1,;,V, *1 .-.-"-","...., :-,., ,..I,`Zl'4-'#..",,', ,_ ;.]...,,,, ,,,4. ,_ ,-,..*,.." "",--i, 1'1,1'j., -,. 0_.j- -, .';z --;t " ;.,' ,.- ,,,,,..A, ,-. -1I,f_,,.,".:,. ',. t,'. V ,.A I., ,,,1.1.4.1;*,% ,,.,4. 1. -,2,,4,,.- ,. 1.1r., ..l ,-. "..Ie 't...i, _.-;.-, ..,, , ,4 ,...--, 1, ,!."1.1I -1.4 .."'..,-',,...l-',.,,.I,..,, .'.` ..,% ,.. ,: ,,;".*I_,j ,,.__,,..-1?1.__..;. .; --'.' .e. _..,-,.-'?' ,X..' .i. !-,, ., 4-;i...,., i" 5 .. ,; ,\,,4 4 ) 44 ...-'_i..-W,_...,..;.",_.: ..,, 4'. ",, ,".".'I'..7,,... :1. .,`,, 1'1.1.-Il 11 .-" ,,,,",,-,-., ,,1". .11.11 I,.i..-'. .- ,",.'.k '. 4,.,.-,',.. .,e:..4,, . "I. 1.'...:,.,,..-:.,.', ,..,'l .,`11 1--li .. I,t.,,:0 ,l,..,"I" `11.,,:. .', %_. ,.i...11.,r,..._5_ ,-"Z.]f 7, .-I 1,1,-,i.11.' .I.11f".`. 1. - ".. "I i,. ,"' .,.,.,_ .'.- 17. ..",..!'.I,,-'. .;,-i4.,;.,-" 11 -I ;, ,...,,..;.11,; 1-11_.-',.. ri, ,-,-':r """. .,,,,,....,-i".c ;_-, .'. -.. .1. -., _..,-."'7_4-..,-%li 11 4,-:., ,.,, .'i 1.41-L.,-.11.71111.'__7.1 ,.-I-i" ,.'. .% -,. ,., tl.,._4,I .Z-_I.Y, *4,;., ",-,..Ii-I .,;. ., ,,.,.,-.-,7kI- _,.-: 44~~'t~~ 4,4' .,-. -,,II -"'.'--:.. ,, .,.-, -,-_'I;.k ,.,,,.,',-I-j,I"I', ,". ". ".'' --Al '. ",". .. ,. 1, .1 _. ,., ., ,,-,. .., _', '. "., -4 .- .Z' "", -, .1 Ii .. T ". .. -.., - , ,,,. .. ,j..._I,.. .j. .z .-,....f,I ,.! .'l .,.- ..--, 11 .", .,,,-,,,1,.,- I,,'' ,, 1., 3'. ..,I.,,.W,,._ *1 ,.--.W,,.', t'i',j- .. -""I.I., .. -.,.I ,. 1;,.;' ._, ." _. .,,, .;,e,.-, .:,. ",:,.,"f" ,*.-.I_,.....,,I" 11 ,,,,..'.5"..... 1, 11- _. -,-.";,1-..- I . ,,, .,` .. ...- .I .. -, ",. ,._ ..'_ 1.,'.",.4`-,. :`, "_ I1.,,,.`, .-,.1.r. ,.,1--,-, -.",,,,...l _,N. t.-., -.. ".,., -,. -- "" .1-i". .'. 4., ", 4i.-'...yle,,t,f. .,,',"' ,,," ""i,k.... ., -,.'...,_.. .'t,4, , ..,','_ 0. .,4 '',,'',,".; ., 4._. .-,,...1...."... 11, 11.I,...,-__,.,. ,.. ., ._ .: 1, .,1. 1.1- ` .,..,, i'. .. _-I1.:. I",.,:. '..,.l,.-,-,,.:,.', ".I''.:-'.,--.,, .V,"''. .-.,.,..4.I.,,,-,-,,,,, ,,I..,Y. .,-.,-,"'; ,1"i ,__X4 ..,,.,-.,': -. .'..-,_% ;," lw i,..- ., .",-- 1,",._.,;,"I--.!.-.v11 Iv-, .,J., .1, 1,"k ,--.__T,...,.,,-,,V,, -.. 1%--It_ ,4.,,..&,.',`:..,-- .-,.A.k"..". k, 1.4.. ", ,..,, 1I- I-1,-,'....., Ilo.,.,. ,,,-^.14,.74,"'T,., ".. -1, i%ll c..,t.._,.,-,".-1.,-,-,-,I.I. 11-4v,:. .A.s.. -;-, ." ,# ..-.4.- i._I. ... .. -14k '-, , 11 .-,, ;.,.... ..., 7 "I "",..., ", I., . k" I,,,* .,.L. ,V--,..,-,."._,Illr,.:,IfI__.,-if ", ,. ",-1';,,.', ,,. " .'..i.-il._v-:.'..' ..?, .1 I, -w- 4. , .., ,. 1.. _4 -- .. -.l ..- 7._, '11.j I.X-, I.." .,., ,:5P "I.,,.V , ,-- ,-A # ,Al,.I-41;'.,.. ,,-_..I'.L, ," .kb.-.,.m,"-4 "I .., '... 41.~. -.,;j. -, 7' -1 ."'. ,.-,..,_.'. ,, )O. .._.,...,,:,_.. -t---; ..:Ik 4.,.-- ,,. , 'it, .-,. "'; ., -,,..iZ,.. --', "".",.,N.I,.,-..",--,...1.,,.-.,,Z' ,.,. ", ,I,",.,IA _..,,jk!, lll.-_..- I- .. -,,., ". ". .,", -, , -.. _*_.,.,,,.1..,.; __,-,-,,,...,. __ .,:. ,'' .-l,.,, ,,,..-4L .-' "%.,1.4.t.,...... .*,. *, _.:-.'I" _ _,. .1' It-,,' .., ;1-71.20.:. .! f, -W.':.".,I,_,.. j,"..l,-.,.1,.,v'tI;. '_.o--_..A.,W, ,., .. '. 4, .--, "; -.,I. ,.. ";, I .,' -.-, .,,_.If ., .,.!, .,-.': .,.,.", ..,i,..-,,,.-';,,-*,11-,.i. , "., '-. .1,,.,,...'.- "; ,.. 4... ,, '', .i..;'.J.1.k,I,. ,.i,,,_.._4"., '.'-3,.',,.', '_'r"_;"-,"..A.".'t. ,,,, --.,:yi"..,-.., -,;.'- ,.', .: II -.l. .., I!,-V ..,._,- "," ", "" -, ,, ....,4_,., ,,,-.. _. .. _'. ".,,,..",.I.".I.-.*.,.:,.: -l"; '),.,_'.,,. -.-..-..'14 ,..;- .."r. ;1, ,,:,,,...*1 --,"-.;. .j.,i.,,,- -,..---.-,. ,,:--,,* - .., .,, -" ,-." .,-,,:o "...,,.,.I.. t.,..,, ... 1.1;i,.;. ..,",-, ..-,,,..Y.-_,.,., "'' .- -".,-,.i,., ,0I,.,, --. .i!,, ,,i., _,..,Iio,I,,, -,..;, ,*", .,,,--'l-",-",,,, -i,. ,,.,) .,,,..! I-1 ,..-, .' ",,,..."4.'; ,.- -,IV,"I.-. 4.'. ".W. - .41..,11.1...'e,i,T,.- :,-;i, ., 1. ', ., .. ?:. ow i. 1_.-;, I 4 ". .-. "1. 4.1. '...-,I-, ., .,;., .. .'- , IIIt ,., ,.-1..,,,;',. If ,-4. '.:,!.. .. .,,. ,,.,i.`r., " -Z --,, i.-,-.,.,,,,,f,.-.I.,,,.,....-_ ""11,!, ,q,"*, "I ". ..l I.,II-,-I.-:11II,"1;j,4I-"'F,...-1.., ":., -,.., ...:m, ,'4 -.. .,-.1.,.",I,-..,,4'..'i* ,:.,,IN:""- -,..1,,Ii."-I -.11 .. I'. .,,,-.; ,., ,.?`, ,,.It.. ."I., I,,, ,:..1..,., 1. ,,,-11 .-1.1.'. ,t". ,.;l ,, -.....'. ,,.... ,.,.,,I ,III.I,I..,.'I, il ., .,* ..- ,g.,: .cI X".", ..,.. II...,..I.,,.,... .11'1_ .4 ".'., .,,_Iif-'.K '- 44,4'44~4."~"V 444.4444444,~ 4444 44 ..I...Pl,..,.,-li.I.-..:_ ,* ...I..:,--. .,t "', .", -,,U,..1...,..,._-,j':" -".I:, .-...--I1-1...I.'..Il., ". _. ,.; ,.', .,,-I4-,-1 .,,.,,'.Ir"-i.,&.y.'..-,.,.--.'.,-.f,... ., -.-.,, 1_!,-41dl ..I -,.-"-,.,_,,,..-. .,.. ,.. -i, ..,'44., ,t.;,., -,- ". q .1', ,II-,_--I,. .i"""!.,.;,t- "x, ,.,.,N;!..,, .; "-.,--,,q, ,i t, ".., I.--_. ,.'. ",i,.I-..-", 1.',.,. ",,,,...,- .:, ,.,,,, ", "t, -,,".....k, '-.', ,.' ,'. :- :...... ,. .,,,. _k;,.,. .. "';. -4,'"", ,C.II-".-1,..,..'t1.!.-,,-.,..;- 1, --;,-",..4 ;I.,,,."; e. -_..' l?, "i _.., ,.- "' I.l -,,:,,.1.O. ."4,I-t ,,.. ,. ,.;..".I...,;.,.,;,.,,.,-.. .,.,.,;, .. -, i,-.y1,,,--,, ."-,._,.",,,." 11:1 ."-" -').. !-. ,,.:...,.'.,-,..;,_.,.,,., .., "', -I- -, .,;,. -..I.-I -- .": --;. ,.,.,,_-t .6j "a II'I" ,,,-I-I.: -.1.el-1..',..:.,',. --,,'-,,,,.:A,-..,,_,.!,I., "-.I.I-..!`,., 1'. ...., . .'. W.l -_r".111 'i 1%. -. -., -,,-. ,:, ',._V:.;. I.'Y'. .-, ,,,.,v.,.'.Il. ,",I,"i,,,,.,.,..1 ..,..,- "I 1,.",.1.. ..v X -14, ,., -_.'.,4. ..",.-1 ,-. ,;., -..1,-,.miI', ,,,- r1. 4- .- ..:.l ". ..-.I1,.,.'i ;_: "-I',,..,., ""..,i -tN-- .z"l.",$lA, -I"; .,.. ,. ;_,.._11.,,,.I',,.- ,-_.,".I.',-.._,I.I,--,",I-..-,,_,.,-.-.,.'I, .- :__ ." ,:..I ..i* -,.,.,, '.. -, ,I 4- 1-..-'.,1..'. ,w,, 1. -1 .",,--`,,-..:1" .,, -.-I, .-..I4- .---..4.-;-,,,4...-.I: -,, ,,, .. ,-, k, .l-,,,. I",.. -. -_,. --,,,. )._.", t. ,, .. ..-.:,., -,-', .11,', 11 -',.1". "",,..,.".,.'. .: "I ;."I, ,.l-.iI 1. ,,t.,".,..,,0"...,..,I.-",r .1 .., .. ,- I- -,.,.', ", "f ,-4, "..? ,, ?.-- '. .'..,-,",-,IY , 1. - -4- .. ge, 1, ,,. ,` 4.4'''' ..,I,-.Il",.;'.., :'ll ,..,,,,",--V%.,,- ... ., - _. !",.l",I__. ..". 'r,-'' ,_ ,#.. ,. %", , ,k j, J, , ,,, .l ,:- .,, 11.` -, -. 1, i'. ."R.-.1"I---,,_.-.il ,..t ,,,- ,. -".1 -4,I,.: I,.',,", ,-,-I._>-,.....-.A-4-'.-....,_ ,; .1. .I ,4,'.,,-1... -,.,,.,. ,,,, _4. .._':-_, ",,;,W, ,--,, ,w, -,-, 11 ,;.,J* 0. , ,;Wiie i.; "''. ".. .-.,;', .., t.l. ... I,-, ,,.k,. ",I"-.._Y't.,:11, I :4, ;. :4T .. I..,,,-.11!-.,.'.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Semen Collection and Evaluation in Micrurus Corallinus
    Herpetological Conservation and Biology 15(3):620–625. Submitted: 22 May 2020; Accepted: 12 November 2020; Published: 16 December 2020. SEMEN COLLECTION AND EVALUATION IN MICRURUS CORALLINUS RAFAELA ZANI COETI1,2,4, KALENA BARROS DA SILVA3, GIUSEPPE PUORTO3, SILVIA REGINA TAVAGLIA-CARDOSO3, AND SELMA MARIA DE ALMEIDA-SANTOS1,2 1Laboratório de Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto Butantan, 1500 Avenida Vital Brasil, São Paulo 05503–900, Brazil 2Programa de Pós Graduação em Anatomia dos Animais Domésticos e Silvestres, Universidade de São Paulo, 87 Avenida Professor Doutor Orlando Marques de Paiva, São Paulo 05508–270, Brazil 3Museu Biológico, Instituto Butantan, 1500 Avenida Vital Brasil, São Paulo 05503–900, Brazil 4Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected] Abstract.—The Painted Coral Snake Micrurus corallinus is one of the Brazilian species kept in captivity to obtain venom for antivenom production. Difficulties in establishing a sizeable breeding colony make it necessary to find alternatives that increase the reproductive efficiency of captive individuals. Here, we tested a semen collection protocol and characterize the seminal parameters of captive M. corallinus. We collected semen during the mating season of the species (spring-summer) and were successful at every first attempt. Spermatozoa of M. corallinus are elongated and filiform, and the midpiece is the longest part. Sperm motility and progressive motility reached values of 80% and 3.6%, respectively, during the reproductive period of this species. Our results will allow further studies to improve husbandry, reproductive rates, and conservation of captive M. corallinus. Key Words.—reproduction; reproductive biotechniques; reptiles; sperm parameters INTRODUCTION and capture rates of individual M. corallinus in the wild (Roze 1996) are worrisome and also make it difficult to Reproductive biotechniques have been useful in establish a breeding colony with a substantial number implementing conservation projects for endangered of animals.
    [Show full text]
  • Thamnophis Rossmani Conant, 2000. Rossman's Gartersnake Is the Only
    Thamnophis rossmani Conant, 2000. Rossman’s Gartersnake is the only herpetofaunal species endemic to Nayarit. Its distribution is restricted to the vicinity of the type locality, 1.4 km NW of the small settlement of San Cayetano, Nayarit, Mexico (Conant, 2000), which lies between the capital city of Tepic and the town of San Cayetano (ca. 10 km SE of Tepic). Douglas A. Rossman collected the holotype in 1969. Conant (2000) noted that suitable habitat for T. rossmani may have existed in this area before the region was disturbed for agriculture, and indicated that the localities he visited in 1959 were drastically altered; he also noted (p. 5) that T. rossmani “may be in grave danger, if not already extinct.” Pictured here is an individual from Pantanal, in the municipality of Xalisco. Importantly, Nayarit’s single state endemic is not found within a Natural Protected Area (Ponce-Campos and García-Aguayo, 2007), and occurs in an area likely to be overrun by urbanization. Wilson et al. (2013a) calculated its EVS as 18, placing it in the upper portion of the high vulnerability category. Its conservation status has been considered as Data Deficient by IUCN; this species is not listed by SEMARNAT. ' © Iván Ahumada-Carrillo 375 www.mesoamericanherpetology.com www.eaglemountainpublishing.com The herpetofauna of Nayarit, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation status GUILLERMO A. WOOLRICH-PIÑA1, PAULINO PONCE-CAMPOS2, JESÚS LOC-BARRAGÁN3, JUAN PABLO RAMÍREZ-SILVA3, VICENTE MATA-SILVA4, JERRY D. JOHNSON4, ELÍ GARCÍA-PADILLA5, AND LARRY DAVID WILSON6 1Laboratorio de Zoología, División de Biología, Subdirección de Investigación y Posgrado, Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Zacapoaxtla, Carretera Acuaco-Zacapoaxtla Km.
    [Show full text]
  • Herpetological Journal SHORT NOTE
    Volume 28 (April 2018), 93-95 SHORT NOTE Herpetological Journal Published by the British Intersexuality in Helicops infrataeniatus Jan, 1865 Herpetological Society (Dipsadidae: Hydropsini) Ruth A. Regnet1, Fernando M. Quintela1, Wolfgang Böhme2 & Daniel Loebmann1 1Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Vertebrados. Av. Itália km 8, CEP: 96203-900, Vila Carreiros, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil 2Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum A. Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, D-53113 Bonn, Germany Herein, we describe the first case of intersexuality in the are viviparous, and interestingly, H. angulatus exhibits Hydropsini tribe. After examination of 720 specimens both reproductive modes (Rossman, 1984; Aguiar & Di- of Helicops infrataeniatus Jan, 1865, we discovered Bernardo, 2005; Braz et al., 2016). Helicops infrataeniatus one individual that presented feminine and masculine has a wide distribution that encompasses south- reproductive features. The specimen was 619 mm long, southeastern Brazil, southern Paraguay, North-eastern with seven follicles in secondary stage, of different shapes Argentina and Uruguay (Deiques & Cechin, 1991; Giraudo, and sizes, and a hemipenis with 13.32 and 13.57 mm in 2001; Carreira & Maneyro, 2013). At the coastal zone of length. The general shape of this organ is similar to that southernmost Brazil, H. infrataeniatus is among the most observed in males, although it is smaller and does not abundant species in many types of limnic and estuarine present conspicuous spines along its body. Deformities environments (Quintela & Loebmann, 2009; Regnet found in feminine and masculine structures suggest that et al., 2017). In October 2015 at the Laranjal beach, this specimen might not be reproductively functional. municipality of Pelotas, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (31°46’S, 52°13’W), a remarkable aggregation of reptiles Key words: Follicles, hemipenis, hermaphroditism, water and caecilians occurred after a flood event associated to snake.
    [Show full text]
  • Herpetological Information Service No
    Type Descriptions and Type Publications OF HoBART M. Smith, 1933 through June 1999 Ernest A. Liner Houma, Louisiana smithsonian herpetological information service no. 127 2000 SMITHSONIAN HERPETOLOGICAL INFORMATION SERVICE The SHIS series publishes and distributes translations, bibliographies, indices, and similar items judged useful to individuals interested in the biology of amphibians and reptiles, but unlikely to be published in the normal technical journals. Single copies are distributed free to interested individuals. Libraries, herpetological associations, and research laboratories are invited to exchange their publications with the Division of Amphibians and Reptiles. We wish to encourage individuals to share their bibliographies, translations, etc. with other herpetologists through the SHIS series. If you have such items please contact George Zug for instructions on preparation and submission. Contributors receive 50 free copies. Please address all requests for copies and inquiries to George Zug, Division of Amphibians and Reptiles, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC 20560 USA. Please include a self-addressed mailing label with requests. Introduction Hobart M. Smith is one of herpetology's most prolific autiiors. As of 30 June 1999, he authored or co-authored 1367 publications covering a range of scholarly and popular papers dealing with such diverse subjects as taxonomy, life history, geographical distribution, checklists, nomenclatural problems, bibliographies, herpetological coins, anatomy, comparative anatomy textbooks, pet books, book reviews, abstracts, encyclopedia entries, prefaces and forwords as well as updating volumes being repnnted. The checklists of the herpetofauna of Mexico authored with Dr. Edward H. Taylor are legendary as is the Synopsis of the Herpetofalhva of Mexico coauthored with his late wife, Rozella B.
    [Show full text]
  • Y Coralillos Falsos (Serpentes: Colubridae) De Veracruz, México
    Acta Zoológica ActaMexicana Zool. (n.s.)Mex. 22(3):(n.s.) 22(3)11-22 (2006) CORALILLOS VERDADEROS (SERPENTES: ELAPIDAE) Y CORALILLOS FALSOS (SERPENTES: COLUBRIDAE) DE VERACRUZ, MÉXICO Miguel A. DE LA TORRE-LORANCA1,3,4, Gustavo AGUIRRE-LEÓN1 y Marco A. LÓPEZ-LUNA2,4 1Instituto de Ecología, A. C., Departamento de Biodiversidad y Ecología Animal, Km. 2.5 Carr. Antigua a Coatepec No. 351, Cong. El Haya, C. P. 91070 Xalapa, Veracruz, MÉXICO. [email protected] 2Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Km. 0.5 Carretera Villahermosa-Cárdenas entronque a Bosques de Saloya, Villahermosa, Tabasco MÉXICO. [email protected] 3Dirección actual: Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Zongolica. Km 4 Carretera a la Compañia s/n, Tepetitlanapa, CP 95005 Zongolica, Veracruz, MÉXICO [email protected] 4Centro de Investigaciones Herpetológicas de Veracruz A. C. RESUMEN En el Estado de Veracruz se distribuyen cinco especies de coralillos verdaderos del género Micrurus y 14 especies de coralillos falsos de diferentes géneros de colúbridos, lo que hace más probables los encuentros con coralillos falsos. Sin embargo, la identificación por patrones de color entre coralillos verdaderos y falsos no es confiable, a causa de la variación del color inter e intraespecífica y a las semejanzas de coloración entre varias especies de estas dos familias de serpientes. Palabras clave: Colubridae, Elapidae, Micrurus, mimetismo, patrón de coloración, Veracruz ABSTRACT Five species of coral snakes genus Micrurus, and 14 species of mimic false coral snakes of different colubrid genera ocurr in Veracruz, making encounters with false coral snakes more likely. However, positive identification by color pattern between coral snakes and their mimics is not reliable because of inter and intraspecific color variation and similarities in coloration between several species of these two snake families.
    [Show full text]
  • Xenosaurus Tzacualtipantecus. the Zacualtipán Knob-Scaled Lizard Is Endemic to the Sierra Madre Oriental of Eastern Mexico
    Xenosaurus tzacualtipantecus. The Zacualtipán knob-scaled lizard is endemic to the Sierra Madre Oriental of eastern Mexico. This medium-large lizard (female holotype measures 188 mm in total length) is known only from the vicinity of the type locality in eastern Hidalgo, at an elevation of 1,900 m in pine-oak forest, and a nearby locality at 2,000 m in northern Veracruz (Woolrich- Piña and Smith 2012). Xenosaurus tzacualtipantecus is thought to belong to the northern clade of the genus, which also contains X. newmanorum and X. platyceps (Bhullar 2011). As with its congeners, X. tzacualtipantecus is an inhabitant of crevices in limestone rocks. This species consumes beetles and lepidopteran larvae and gives birth to living young. The habitat of this lizard in the vicinity of the type locality is being deforested, and people in nearby towns have created an open garbage dump in this area. We determined its EVS as 17, in the middle of the high vulnerability category (see text for explanation), and its status by the IUCN and SEMAR- NAT presently are undetermined. This newly described endemic species is one of nine known species in the monogeneric family Xenosauridae, which is endemic to northern Mesoamerica (Mexico from Tamaulipas to Chiapas and into the montane portions of Alta Verapaz, Guatemala). All but one of these nine species is endemic to Mexico. Photo by Christian Berriozabal-Islas. amphibian-reptile-conservation.org 01 June 2013 | Volume 7 | Number 1 | e61 Copyright: © 2013 Wilson et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Com- mons Attribution–NonCommercial–NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License, which permits unrestricted use for non-com- Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 7(1): 1–47.
    [Show full text]
  • Bradley and Rosen 2018-05-13.Docx
    DEFINING SUITABLE HABITAT AND CONSERVATION STATUS FOR THE TUCSON SHOVEL-NOSED SNAKE (CHIONACTIS ANNULATA KLAUBERI) IN THE SONORAN DESERT Curtis M. Bradley, Center for Biological Diversity, Tucson, AZ; and Philip C. Rosen, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ. Abstract.— The Tucson shovel-nosed snake (Chionactis annulata klauberi) is a small specialized colubrid associated with sandy loams of the elevated portions of the Lower Colorado River Valley Sonoran Desert in central Arizona. This taxon is a recently redefined subspecies based on genetic data, and may be extirpated in the Tucson region, including the type locality. A recent (USFWS 2014) decision against protecting it was based in part on an expansive definition of its geographic range and a habitat model. Here, we redefine the subspecies distribution by uniting published results of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA. We then present a new ecologically-based model of its original and current habitat using the machine learning algorithm Random Forests. The new model accurately matches known and estimated presence-absence data for this taxon, and is consistent with morphometrics and, largely, with color pattern variation. It estimates 60% less available habitat than the USFWS model. We estimate that 39% of the 1,255,946 ha (3,103,505 acres) of original habitat has been converted to urban developments, roads, agriculture, or otherwise altered non-habitat. Of the remaining 770,971 ha (1,905,108 acres), 60% is susceptible to habitat conversion in the region, with only 10.9% of habitat having current legal protection. Ongoing and projected urbanization and energy development in its flatland desert habitat present a bleak future for this subspecies.
    [Show full text]
  • Tantilla Hobartsmithi Taylor Smith's Black-Headed Snake
    318.1 REPTILIA: SQUAMATA: SERPENTES: COLUBRIDAE TANTILLA HOBARTSMITHI Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles. CHARLESJ. COLEANDLAURENCEM. HARDY. 1983. Tantilla hobartsmithi. Tantilla hobartsmithi Taylor Smith's black-headed snake Tantilla nigriceps (not of Kennicott): Van Denburgh and Slevin, 5MM 1913:423-424. ~ Tantilla planiceps (not of Blainville): Stejneger and Barbour, 1917: 105 (part). FIGURE2. Color pattern of head and neck of Tantilla hobart• Tantilla nigriceps eiseni (not of Stejneger): Woodbury, 1931:107• smithi, American Museum of Natural History 107377 (from Cole 108. and Hardy, 1981:210). Tantllla atriceps (not of Giinther): Taylor, "1936" [1937]:339-340 (part). Tantilla hobartsmithi Taylor, "1936" [1937]:340-342. Type-lo• in 1-3 rows (minimum) approximately encircling spinose midsec• cality, "near La Posa, 10 mi. northwest of Guaymas," So• tion of hemipenis; supralabials 7; infralabials 6; naris in upper nora, Mexico (Taylor, "1936" [1937]:340-341). The holotype, half of nasal; postoculars usually 2; temporals 1 + 1; mental usu• University of Illinois Museum of Natural History 25066, an ally touching anterior pair of genials. Most similar to T. atriceps; adult male (examined by authors), was collected by Edward differing strikingly in hemipenis" (Cole and Hardy, 1981:221). H. Taylor, the night of 3 July 1934. • DESCRIPTIONS. See Cole and Hardy (1981) for a redescrip• Tantilla utahensis Blanchard, 1938:372-373. Type-locality, "St. tion of the holotype (including description of hemipenis); general George, Washington County, Utah" (Blanchard, 1938:372). descriptions of size, coloration, hemipenes, scutellation, maxil• The holotype, California Academy of Sciences 55214, an adult lae, and chromosomes; and analyses of geographic variation. female (examined by authors), was collected by V.
    [Show full text]
  • SQUAMATA: COLUBRIDAE Chionactis Palarostris (Klauber)
    REPTILIA: SQUAMATA: COLUBRIDAE Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles. Mahrdt, C.R., K.R. Beaman, P.C. Rosen, and P.A. Holm. 2001. Chionac~ispalarostris. Chionactis palarostris (Klauber) Sonoran Shovel-Nosed Snake Sonora palarostris Klauber 1937:363. Type-locality, "5 miles south of Magdalena, Sonora, Mexico," ("six miles south of Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico," by redesignation; Blake 1970; see Remarks). Holotype, formerly in the private collection of Laurence M. Klauber (LMK) 26771, now San Diego So- ciety of Natural History (SDSNH) 2677 l, adult male collected by George S. Lindsay in April 1937 (examined by CRM). Sonora occipilalis palrros6ris: Stickel 1941: 137. Chionacris occipi~alispalarostris: Stickel 1943: 123. Chilomeniscus pa1aro.stri.s: Case 1983: 170. Misapplication of generic name. CONTENT. Two subspecies are recognized: palarostris and organica. DEFINITION. Chionacris pnlarostri.~is a small colubrid species with a maximum recordedTLof 391 nun (Klauber 195 1). The tail is relatively short, averaging 19.7% and 16.5% of SVL in males and females, respectively. The small head is slightly convex in profile, beginning at the center of the frontal and end- ing at the snout. The snout is blunt, somewhat truncated in ap- pearance. A slight constriction between the head and body is present. Scutellation is as follows: dorsal scale rows usually 15-15-15; ventrals 139-161 (139-150, males; 152-161, fe- males); subcaudals 39-50 (39-50, males; 39-43, females); MAP. Distribution of Chionac~ispaluros~ris. Circles indicate type supralabials 7 (rarely 6 or 8); infralabials 7-8 (rarely 6); nasals, localities. that of C. palarosrris was redesignated by Blake (1970) (see loreals, and preoculars single; postoculars paired; temporals 1 Remarks).
    [Show full text]
  • The Michoacán Centipede Snake, Tantilla Cascadae Wilson
    Herpetology Notes, volume 14: 263-268 (2021) (published online on 01 February 2021) The Michoacán Centipede Snake, Tantilla cascadae Wilson and Meyer, 1981 (Squamata: Colubridae): New record for Jalisco, with notes on conservation, biogeography, and a key to the species of the genus in western Mexico Aldo Dávalos-Martínez1,*, Víctor Fernando Záizar-Gutiérrez1, Daniel Cruz-Sáenz2, Eduardo Daniel Roldán- Olvera1, and Larry David Wilson3 Abstract. Tantilla cascadae is a rare centipede snake that inhabits western Mexico and is only known from two localities and three specimens. In this work we report two new specimens from a new locality in the municipality of Tamazula de Gordiano, Jalisco, Mexico. We assess the biogeographical and physiographical component of the species’ distribution, and discuss the conservation status of the species proposing a new IUCN conservation assessment of Endangered. We additionally present a dichotomous key for the genus Tantilla in western Mexico. Keywords. Southern Jalisco, western Michoacán, IUCN, land-use change, mining, avocado, new locality Introduction This species is a member of the Tantilla calamarina species group, which consists of seven species The Michoacán Centipede Snake, Tantilla cascadae distributed along the Pacific versant from northwestern Wilson and Meyer, 1981, is a centipede snake of the Mexico to Costa Rica (Canseco-Márquez et al., 2007b): family Colubridae, endemic to western Mexico. It Tantilla calamarina Cope, 1866; T. cascadae Wilson inhabits oak and pine-oak forest (Duellman, 1961; Cruz- and Meyer, 1981; T. ceboruca Canseco-Márquez, Sáenz et al., 2015) in south-central Jalisco and central Smith, Ponce-Campos, Flores-Villela and Campbell, Michoacán at elevations of 1430–1858 m (Wilson and 2007b; T.
    [Show full text]
  • (Tantilla Oolitica) in Miami-Dade and Monroe Counties, Florida
    Assessment of the Status and Distribution of the Endemic Rim Rock Crowned Snake (Tantilla oolitica) in Miami-Dade and Monroe Counties, Florida Final Report Grant Agreement #401817G006 Kirsten N. Hines and Keith A. Bradley July 10, 2009 Submitted by: The Institute for Regional Conservation 22601 S.W. 152 Avenue, Miami, FL 33170 George D. Gann, Executive Director Submitted to: Paula Halupa Fish and Wildlife Biologist U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 1339 20th Street Vero Beach, FL 32960 1 Project Background: The rim rock crowned snake (Tantilla oolitica) is one of three species of small, burrowing snakes within the genus Tantilla found in Florida. Of the more than 40 species of this genus extending from the southeastern United States down to northern Argentina in South America, T. oolitica has the most limited distribution (Wilson 1982, Scott 2004). Confined to the Miami Rock Ridge in southeastern Miami-Dade County and parts of the Florida Keys in Monroe County, this species has been greatly affected by the rapid urbanization of this area. By 1975 it had already made the Florida State list of threatened species and it is currently considered a candidate for the Federal Endangered Species List. Traditionally, T. oolitica habitat included rockland hammocks and pine rocklands. Less than 2% of the pine rocklands on the Miami Rock Ridge currently remain (Snyder et. al 1990, USFWS 1999) and rockland hammocks both in Miami-Dade County and throughout the Florida Keys have been reduced to less than half their original extent and continue to face threat of development (Enge et. al 1997, USFWS 1999).
    [Show full text]
  • Xenosaurus Tzacualtipantecus. the Zacualtipán Knob-Scaled Lizard Is Endemic to the Sierra Madre Oriental of Eastern Mexico
    Xenosaurus tzacualtipantecus. The Zacualtipán knob-scaled lizard is endemic to the Sierra Madre Oriental of eastern Mexico. This medium-large lizard (female holotype measures 188 mm in total length) is known only from the vicinity of the type locality in eastern Hidalgo, at an elevation of 1,900 m in pine-oak forest, and a nearby locality at 2,000 m in northern Veracruz (Woolrich- Piña and Smith 2012). Xenosaurus tzacualtipantecus is thought to belong to the northern clade of the genus, which also contains X. newmanorum and X. platyceps (Bhullar 2011). As with its congeners, X. tzacualtipantecus is an inhabitant of crevices in limestone rocks. This species consumes beetles and lepidopteran larvae and gives birth to living young. The habitat of this lizard in the vicinity of the type locality is being deforested, and people in nearby towns have created an open garbage dump in this area. We determined its EVS as 17, in the middle of the high vulnerability category (see text for explanation), and its status by the IUCN and SEMAR- NAT presently are undetermined. This newly described endemic species is one of nine known species in the monogeneric family Xenosauridae, which is endemic to northern Mesoamerica (Mexico from Tamaulipas to Chiapas and into the montane portions of Alta Verapaz, Guatemala). All but one of these nine species is endemic to Mexico. Photo by Christian Berriozabal-Islas. Amphib. Reptile Conserv. | http://redlist-ARC.org 01 June 2013 | Volume 7 | Number 1 | e61 Copyright: © 2013 Wilson et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Com- mons Attribution–NonCommercial–NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License, which permits unrestricted use for non-com- Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 7(1): 1–47.
    [Show full text]