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Accordion: Better Memory Organization for LSM Key-Value Stores
Accordion: Better Memory Organization for LSM Key-Value Stores Edward Bortnikov Anastasia Braginsky Eshcar Hillel Yahoo Research Yahoo Research Yahoo Research [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Idit Keidar Gali Sheffi Technion and Yahoo Research Yahoo Research [email protected] gsheffi@oath.com ABSTRACT of applications for which they are used continuously in- Log-structured merge (LSM) stores have emerged as the tech- creases. A small sample of recently published use cases in- nology of choice for building scalable write-intensive key- cludes massive-scale online analytics (Airbnb/ Airstream [2], value storage systems. An LSM store replaces random I/O Yahoo/Flurry [7]), product search and recommendation (Al- with sequential I/O by accumulating large batches of writes ibaba [13]), graph storage (Facebook/Dragon [5], Pinter- in a memory store prior to flushing them to log-structured est/Zen [19]), and many more. disk storage; the latter is continuously re-organized in the The leading approach for implementing write-intensive background through a compaction process for efficiency of key-value storage is log-structured merge (LSM) stores [31]. reads. Though inherent to the LSM design, frequent com- This technology is ubiquitously used by popular key-value pactions are a major pain point because they slow down storage platforms [9, 14, 16, 22,4,1, 10, 11]. The premise data store operations, primarily writes, and also increase for using LSM stores is the major disk access bottleneck, disk wear. Another performance bottleneck in today's state- exhibited even with today's SSD hardware [14, 33, 34]. -
Percona Xtrabackup Provides
Percona XtraBackup provides: • Fast and reliable backups • Uninterrupted transaction processing during backups • Savings on disk space and network bandwidth with better compression • Automatic backup Percona XtraBackup verification You’re only as good as the tools you have to use. When it comes to your business, the • Higher uptime due to faster software tools you employ can be the difference between success and failure. restore time Percona’s suite of MySQL and MongoDB software and toolkits are a powerhouse of performance, the backbone of the organization. As a product of the open source Bringing immediate, noticeable community, our software has been tested by fire and proven resilient. and long lasting benefits to Percona XtraBackup is a free, open source, complete online backup solution for all meet your budget and needs. versions of Percona Server for MySQL, MySQL® and MariaDB®. With over 1,800,000 downloads, Percona XtraBackup performs online non-blocking, tightly compressed, highly secure backups on transactional systems so that applications remain fully available during planned maintenance windows. Percona XtraBackup is the world’s only open-source, free MySQL hot backup software that performs non-blocking backups for InnoDB and XtraDB databases. With Percona XtraBackup, you can achieve the following benefits: • Create hot InnoDB backups without pausing your database • Make incremental backups of MySQL • Stream compressed MySQL backups to another server • Move tables between MySQL servers on-line • Create new MySQL replication slaves easily • Backup MySQL without adding load to the server Percona XtraBackup makes MySQL hot backups for all versions of Percona Server for MySQL, MySQL, and MariaDB. It performs streaming, compressed, and incremental MySQL backups. -
Mariadb Presentation
THE VALUE OF OPEN SOURCE MICHAEL ”MONTY” WIDENIUS Entrepreneur, MariaDB Hacker, MariaDB CTO MariaDB Corporation AB 2019-09-25 Seoul 11 Reasons Open Source is Better than Closed Source ● Using open standards (no lock in into proprietary standards) ● Resource friendly; OSS software tend to work on old hardware ● Lower cost; Usually 1/10 of closed source software ● No cost for testing the full software ● Better documentation and more troubleshooting resources ● Better support, in many cases directly from the developers ● Better security, auditability (no trap doors and more eye balls) ● Better quality; Developed together with users ● Better customizability; You can also participate in development ● No vendor lock in; More than one vendor can give support ● When using open source, you take charge of your own future Note that using open source does not mean that you have to become a software producer! OPEN SOURCE, THE GOOD AND THE BAD ● Open source is a better way to develop software ● More developers ● More spread ● Better code (in many cases) ● Works good for projects that can freely used by a lot of companies in their production or products. ● It's very hard to create a profitable company developing an open source project. ● Not enough money to pay developers. ● Hard to get money and investors for most projects (except for infrastructure projects like libraries or daemon services). OPEN SOURCE IS NATURAL OR WHY OPEN SOURCE WORKS ● You use open source because it's less expensive (and re-usable) ● You solve your own problems and get free help and development efforts from others while doing it. -
Artificial Intelligence for Understanding Large and Complex
Artificial Intelligence for Understanding Large and Complex Datacenters by Pengfei Zheng Department of Computer Science Duke University Date: Approved: Benjamin C. Lee, Advisor Bruce M. Maggs Jeffrey S. Chase Jun Yang Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Computer Science in the Graduate School of Duke University 2020 Abstract Artificial Intelligence for Understanding Large and Complex Datacenters by Pengfei Zheng Department of Computer Science Duke University Date: Approved: Benjamin C. Lee, Advisor Bruce M. Maggs Jeffrey S. Chase Jun Yang An abstract of a dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Computer Science in the Graduate School of Duke University 2020 Copyright © 2020 by Pengfei Zheng All rights reserved except the rights granted by the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial Licence Abstract As the democratization of global-scale web applications and cloud computing, under- standing the performance of a live production datacenter becomes a prerequisite for making strategic decisions related to datacenter design and optimization. Advances in monitoring, tracing, and profiling large, complex systems provide rich datasets and establish a rigorous foundation for performance understanding and reasoning. But the sheer volume and complexity of collected data challenges existing techniques, which rely heavily on human intervention, expert knowledge, and simple statistics. In this dissertation, we address this challenge using artificial intelligence and make the case for two important problems, datacenter performance diagnosis and datacenter workload characterization. The first thrust of this dissertation is the use of statistical causal inference and Bayesian probabilistic model for datacenter straggler diagnosis. -
Learning Key-Value Store Design
Learning Key-Value Store Design Stratos Idreos, Niv Dayan, Wilson Qin, Mali Akmanalp, Sophie Hilgard, Andrew Ross, James Lennon, Varun Jain, Harshita Gupta, David Li, Zichen Zhu Harvard University ABSTRACT We introduce the concept of design continuums for the data Key-Value Stores layout of key-value stores. A design continuum unifies major Machine Databases K V K V … K V distinct data structure designs under the same model. The Table critical insight and potential long-term impact is that such unifying models 1) render what we consider up to now as Learning Data Structures fundamentally different data structures to be seen as \views" B-Tree Table of the very same overall design space, and 2) allow \seeing" Graph LSM new data structure designs with performance properties that Store Hash are not feasible by existing designs. The core intuition be- hind the construction of design continuums is that all data Performance structures arise from the very same set of fundamental de- Update sign principles, i.e., a small set of data layout design con- Data Trade-offs cepts out of which we can synthesize any design that exists Access Patterns in the literature as well as new ones. We show how to con- Hardware struct, evaluate, and expand, design continuums and we also Cloud costs present the first continuum that unifies major data structure Read Memory designs, i.e., B+tree, Btree, LSM-tree, and LSH-table. Figure 1: From performance trade-offs to data structures, The practical benefit of a design continuum is that it cre- key-value stores and rich applications. -
Mysql Workbench Release Notes
MySQL Workbench Release Notes Abstract This document contains release notes for the changes in each release of MySQL Workbench. For additional MySQL Workbench documentation, see MySQL Workbench. MySQL Workbench platform support evolves over time. For the latest platform support information, see https:// www.mysql.com/support/supportedplatforms/workbench.html. Updates to these notes occur as new product features are added, so that everybody can follow the development process. If a recent version is listed here that you cannot find on the download page (https://dev.mysql.com/ downloads/), the version has not yet been released. The documentation included in source and binary distributions may not be fully up to date with respect to release note entries because integration of the documentation occurs at release build time. For the most up-to-date release notes, please refer to the online documentation instead. For legal information, see the Legal Notices. For help with using MySQL, please visit the MySQL Forums, where you can discuss your issues with other MySQL users. Document generated on: 2021-09-23 (revision: 23350) Table of Contents Preface and Legal Notices ................................................................................................................. 4 Changes in MySQL Workbench 8.0 .................................................................................................... 5 Changes in MySQL Workbench 8.0.27 (Not yet released, General Availability) .............................. 5 Changes in MySQL Workbench 8.0.26 (2021-07-20, General Availability) ..................................... 5 Changes in MySQL Workbench 8.0.25 (2021-05-11, General Availability) ..................................... 5 Changes in MySQL Workbench 8.0.24 (2021-04-20, General Availability) ..................................... 5 Changes in MySQL Workbench 8.0.23 (2021-01-18, General Availability) ..................................... 7 Changes in MySQL Workbench 8.0.22 (2020-10-19, General Availability) .................................... -
Myrocks in Mariadb
MyRocks in MariaDB Sergei Petrunia <[email protected]> MariaDB Shenzhen Meetup November 2017 2 What is MyRocks ● #include <Yoshinori’s talk> ● This talk is about MyRocks in MariaDB 3 MyRocks lives in Facebook’s MySQL branch ● github.com/facebook/mysql-5.6 – Will call this “FB/MySQL” ● MyRocks lives there in storage/rocksdb ● FB/MySQL is easy to use if you are Facebook ● Not so easy if you are not :-) 4 FB/mysql-5.6 – user perspective ● No binaries, no packages – Compile yourself from source ● Dependencies, etc. ● No releases – (Is the latest git revision ok?) ● Has extra features – e.g. extra counters “confuse” monitoring tools. 5 FB/mysql-5.6 – dev perspective ● Targets a CentOS-type OS – Compiler, cmake version, etc. – Others may or may not [periodically] work ● MariaDB/Percona file pull requests to fix ● Special command to compile – https://github.com/facebook/mysql-5.6/wiki/Build-Steps ● Special command to run tests – Test suite assumes a big machine ● Some tests even a release build 6 Putting MyRocks in MariaDB ● Goals – Wider adoption – Ease of use – Ease of development – Have MyRocks in MariaDB ● Use it with MariaDB features ● Means – Port MyRocks into MariaDB – Provide binaries and packages 7 Status of MyRocks in MariaDB 8 Status of MyRocks in MariaDB ● MariaDB 10.2 is GA (as of May, 2017) ● It includes an ALPHA version of MyRocks plugin – Working to improve maturity ● It’s a loadable plugin (ha_rocksdb.so) ● Packages – Bintar, deb, rpm, win64 zip + MSI – deb/rpm have MyRocks .so and tools in a separate package. 9 Packaging for MyRocks in MariaDB 10 MyRocks and RocksDB library ● MyRocks is tied RocksDB@revno MariaDB – RocksDB is a github submodule – No compatibility with other versions MyRocks ● RocksDB is always compiled with RocksDB MyRocks S Z n ● l i And linked-in statically a b p ● p Distros have a RocksDB package y – Not using it. -
Sales Consultant Mysql GBU ([email protected]) Agenda 1 Mysql Within Oracle
MySQL @ Oracle Carsten Thalheimer Sales Consultant MySQL GBU ([email protected]) Agenda 1 MySQL within Oracle 2 Overview of MySQL architecture 3 Inside MySQL 4 Commercial MySQL vs. „Open Source“ MySQL 5 MySQL Subscription / MySQL License 6 A MySQL Reference 7 Questions and Answers Copyright © 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 2 MySQL within Oracle More Investment, More Innovation ... 20 Years MySQL … 10 Years InnoDB of Oracle Stewardship … 5 Years MySQL within Oracle 2x Engineering Staff 3x QA Staff Dez 2009 2x Support Staff May 2015 Copyright © 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 3 Source: http://db-engines.com/en/ranking Copyright © 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | Source: http://db-engines.com/en/ranking Copyright © 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | Driving MySQL Innovation Year 2010 – 2013 (from MySQL Release 5.1 to MySQL Release 5.6) MySQL Enterprise Monitor 2.2 MySQL Cluster Manager 1.1 MySQL Enterprise Backup 3.7 MySQL Database 5.6 MySQL Cluster 7.1 Oracle VM Template for MySQL MySQL Cluster 7.2 MySQL Utilities 1.3 MySQL Cluster Manager 1.0 Enterprise Edition MySQL Cluster Manager 1.2 MySQL Cluster 7.3 MySQL Workbench 5.2 MySQL Enterprise Oracle Certifications MySQL Utilities 1.0 MySQL Workbench 6.0 MySQL Database 5.5 MySQL Windows Installer MySQL Migration Wizard MySQL Enterprise Monitor 3.0 MySQL Enterprise Backup 3.5 MySQL Enterprise Security MySQL for Excel 1.0 / 1.1 MySQL Enterprise Backup 3.9 MySQL Enterprise Monitor 2.3 MySQL Enterprise Scalability MySQL Enterprise Backup 3.8 MySQL Yum Linux repository MySQL Enterprise Audit MySQL Enterprise HA (DRBD) All GA! - 2010 All GA! - 2011 All GA! - 2012 All GA! - 2013 and Connector/ODBC, Connector/PHP, Connector/Net, Connector/J, Connector Python, Connector /C++, Connector/C, Ruby Driver … Copyright © 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. -
In Mysql/Mariadb?
T h e O W A S P F o u n d a t i o n h t t p : / / w w w . o w a s p . o r g O W A S P E U T o u r B u c h a Do you r e s“GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES” t ... in MySQL/MariaDB? 2 0 1 DevOps Engineer 3 Gabriel PREDA [email protected] @eRadical Co pyr igh t © Th e O W AS P Fo un dat ion Per mi ssi on is gr ant ed to co py, dis tri bu te an d/ or mo dif y thi s do cu me nt un de r the ter ms of the O W AS P Lic en se. 2 DevOps = new BORG DevOps Engineer ??? ● Development – Web Applications (“Certified MySQL Associate”, “Zend Certified Engineer”) – Real Time Analytics ● Operations – MySQL DBA (15+ instances) – Sysadmin (<25 virtual & physical servers) 3 My MySQL● Over 15 MariaDB / TokuDBMariaDB(s) instances ● Statistics in MariaDB – < 1TB from Oct 2012 – < 12G raw data daily – < 12,000,000 events processed daily – < 90,000,000 rows added daily BigData? NO!!! ● I can copy all of that to my laptop ● “Working data set” - less than 1G & less than 7,500,000 rows 4 MySQL History ● 1983 – first version of MySQL created by Monty Wideniuns ● 1994 – MySQL is released OpenSource ● 2004 Oct – MySQL 4.1 GA ● 2005 Oct – InnoDB (Innobase) is bought by Oracle – Black Friday ● 2008 Ian – MySQL AB is bought by Sun (1bn $) ● 2008 Nov – MySQL 5.1 GA ● 2009 Apr – Sun is bought by Oracle (7,4 bn $) ● 2010 Dec – MySQL 5.5 GA ● 2012 Apr – MariaDB 5.5 GA ● 2013 Feb – MySQL 5.6 – first version made by Oracle ● 2013 Feb – MySQL will be replaced by MariaDB in Fedora & OpenSuSE * Max Mether – SkySQL “MySQL and MariaDB: Past, Present and Future” 5 Where are we NOW()? Drizzle MySQL TokuDB (Oracle) (Tokutek) Percona Server (Percona) MariaDB (Monty Program, Brighthouse MariaDB Foundation) (Infobright) Replication: ● Asynchronous InfiniDB ● Semi-synchronous (Calpont) ● Galera Synchronous (Codership) ● Tungsten Replication (Continuent) 6 Elementary.. -
Myrocks Deployment at Facebook and Roadmaps
MyRocks deployment at Facebook and Roadmaps Yoshinori Matsunobu Production Engineer / MySQL Tech Lead, Facebook Feb/2018, #FOSDEM #mysqldevroom Agenda ▪ MySQL at Facebook ▪ MyRocks overview ▪ Production Deployment ▪ Future Plans MySQL “User Database (UDB)” at Facebook▪ Storing Social Graph ▪ Massively Sharded ▪ Low latency ▪ Automated Operations ▪ Pure Flash Storage (Constrained by space, not by CPU/IOPS) What is MyRocks ▪ MySQL on top of RocksDB (RocksDB storage engine) ▪ Open Source, distributed from MariaDB and Percona as well MySQL Clients SQL/Connector Parser Optimizer Replication etc InnoDB RocksDB MySQL http://myrocks.io/ MyRocks Initial Goal at Facebook InnoDB in main database MyRocks in main database CPU IO Space CPU IO Space Machine limit Machine limit 45% 90% 21% 15% 45% 20% 15% 21% 15% MyRocks features ▪ Clustered Index (same as InnoDB) ▪ Bloom Filter and Column Family ▪ Transactions, including consistency between binlog and RocksDB ▪ Faster data loading, deletes and replication ▪ Dynamic Options ▪ TTL ▪ Online logical and binary backup MyRocks vs InnoDB ▪ MyRocks pros ▪ Much smaller space (half compared to compressed InnoDB) ▪ Gives better cache hit rate ▪ Writes are faster = Faster Replication ▪ Much smaller bytes written (can use more afordable fash storage) ▪ MyRocks cons (improvements in progress) ▪ Lack of several features ▪ No SBR, Gap Lock, Foreign Key, Fulltext Index, Spatial Index support. Need to use case sensitive collation for perf ▪ Reads are slower, especially if your data fts in memory ▪ More dependent on flesystem -
Etriks Analytical Environment: a Practical Platform for Medical Big Data Analysis
Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine Department of Computing eTRIKS Analytical Environment: A Practical Platform for Medical Big Data Analysis Axel Oehmichen Submitted in part fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Computing of Imperial College London December 2018 Abstract Personalised medicine and translational research have become sciences driven by Big Data. Healthcare and medical research are generating more and more complex data, encompassing clinical investigations, 'omics, imaging, pharmacokinetics, Next Generation Sequencing and beyond. In addition to traditional collection methods, economical and numerous information sensing IoT devices such as mobile devices, smart sensors, cameras or connected medical de- vices have created a deluge of data that research institutes and hospitals have difficulties to deal with. While the collection of data is greatly accelerating, improving patient care by devel- oping personalised therapies and new drugs depends increasingly on an organization's ability to rapidly and intelligently leverage complex molecular and clinical data from that variety of large-scale heterogeneous data sources. As a result, the analysis of these datasets has become increasingly computationally expensive and has laid bare the limitations of current systems. From the patient perspective, the advent of electronic medical records coupled with so much personal data being collected have raised concerns about privacy. Many countries have intro- duced laws to protect people's privacy, however, many of these laws have proven to be less effective in practice. Therefore, along with the capacity to process the humongous amount of medical data, the addition of privacy preserving features to protect patients' privacy has become a necessity. -
Securing Your Mysql/Mariadb Data Ronald Bradford, Colin Charles Percona Live Europe Amsterdam 2016
Securing your MySQL/MariaDB Data Ronald Bradford, Colin Charles Percona Live Europe Amsterdam 2016 #PerconaLive @bytebot @RonaldBradford About: Colin Charles ● Chief Evangelist (in the CTO office), Percona Inc ● Founding team of MariaDB Server (2009-2016), previously at Monty Program Ab, merged with SkySQL Ab, now MariaDB Corporation ● Formerly MySQL AB (exit: Sun Microsystems) ● Past lives include Fedora Project (FESCO), OpenOffice.org ● MySQL Community Contributor of the Year Award winner 2014 ● http://bytebot.net/blog/ #PerconaLive @bytebot @RonaldBradford About: Ronald Bradford ● Experienced MySQL database guy ● Author/Blogger/Speaker ● Looking for my next great opportunity ● http://ronaldbradford.com/presentations/ ● http://effectivemysql.com #PerconaLive @bytebot @RonaldBradford Agenda ● Observed insecure practices ● Securing communications ● Securing connections ● Securing data ● Securing user accounts ● Securing server access #PerconaLive @bytebot @RonaldBradford Found in Signs of Poor Security any version ● old_passwords ● 'root' MySQL user without password ● Users without passwords ● 'root' MySQL user ● Anonymous users ● Generic OS DBA user e.g. 'dba' ● GRANT privilege users ● Disabled OS ● ALL privilege users Firewall/SELinux/Apparmor ● '%' host user accounts ● Open data directory privileges ● Default test database #PerconaLive @bytebot @RonaldBradford Easy Fixes $ mysql_secure_installation #PerconaLive @bytebot @RonaldBradford Very easy to Current Insecure Practices fix practices ● Using password on command line ○ Command