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Plistoriogil 3R,evie^*r The State Historical Society of Missouri COLUMBIA, MISSOURI BOARD OF EDITORS II LAWRENCE O. CHRISTENSEN SUSAN M. HARTMANN 1 I! University of Missouri-Rolla Ohio State University, 1 Columbus 1 WILLIAM E. FOLEY ALAN R. HAVIG 1 Central Missouri State University, Stephens College, 1 II Warrensburg Columbia 1 II JEAN TYREE HAMILTON DAVID D. MARCH 1 Marshall Kirksville 1 ARVARH E. STRICKLAND 1 | University of Missouri-Columbia 1 COVER DESCRIPTION: Thomas Hart Benton depicted this cold winter scene in his litho graph, The Woodpile (914"xll »/$"). The work is owned by the State Historical Society of Missouri. Lyman Field's article on "Thomas Hart Benton Remembered" appears in this issue. Samples of Benton's work may be viewed in the Society's Art Gallery from 8:30 A.M. to 4:00 P.M., Monday through Friday, excepting legal holidays. MISSOURI HISTORICAL REVIEW Published Quarterly by THE STATE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF MISSOURI COLUMBIA, MISSOURI JAMES W. GOODRICH EDITOR MARY K. DAINS ASSOCIATE EDITOR LEONA S. MORRIS RESEARCH ASSISTANT Copyright © 1990 by the State Historical Society of Missouri 1020 Lowry Street, Columbia, Missouri 65201 The Missouri Historical Review (ISSN 0026-6582) is owned by The State Historical Society of Missouri and is published quarterly at 10 South Hitt, Columbia, Missouri 65201. Send communications, business and editorial correspondence and change of address to the State Historical Society of Missouri, 1020 Lowry Street, Columbia, MO 65201. Second class postage is paid at Columbia, Missouri. SOCIETY HOURS: The Society is open to the public from 8:00 A.M. to 4:30 P.M., Monday through Friday, and Saturday from 9:00 A.M. to 4:30 P.M., except legal holidays. Holiday Schedule: The Society will be closed Saturday during VOLUME LXXXIV the Memorial Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving, Christmas and New Year's weekends. NUMBER 2 On the day of the annual meeting, November 10, 1990, the Society will be closed for research. JANUARY, 1990 THE STATE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF MISSOURI The State Historical Society of Missouri, heretofore organized under the laws of the State, shall be the trustee of this State—Laws of Missouri, 1899, R.S. of Mo., 1969, chapter 183, as revised 1978. OFFICERS 1989-1992 ROBERT C. SMITH, Columbia, President Avis TUCKER, Warrensburg, First Vice President SHERIDAN A. LOGAN, St. Joseph, Second Vice President VIRGINIA G. YOUNG, Columbia, Third Vice President NOBLE E. CUNNINGHAM, Columbia, Fourth Vice President R. KENNETH ELLIOTT, Kansas City, Fifth Vice President ROBERT G.J. HOESTER, Kirkwood, Sixth Vice President ALBERT M. PRICE, Columbia, Treasurer JAMES W. GOODRICH, Columbia, Executive Director, Secretary and Librarian TRUSTEES Permanent Trustees, Former Presidents of the Society WILLIAM AULL III, Lexington RUSH H. LIMBAUGH, Cape Girardeau FRANCIS M. BARNES III, Kirkwood LEO J. ROZIER, Perryville WILLIAM R. DENSLOW, Trenton JOSEPH WEBBER, St. Louis Term Expires at Annual Meeting, 1990 HENRIETTA AMBROSE, Webster Groves FREDERICK W. LEHMANN IV, H. RILEY BOCK, New Madrid Webster Groves LAWRENCE O. CHRISTENSEN, Rolla GEORGE MCCUE, St. Louis ROBERT S. DALE, Carthage WALLACE B. SMITH, Independence Term Expires at Annual Meeting, 1991 JAMES W. BROWN, Harrisonville BOB PRIDDY, Jefferson City ILUS W. DAVIS, Kansas City DALE REESMAN, Boonville JOHN K. HULSTON, Springfield ARVARH E. STRICKLAND, Columbia JAMES C. OLSON, Kansas City BLANCHE M. TOUHILL, St. Louis Term Expires at Annual Meeting, 1992 MRS. SAMUEL A. BURK, Kirksville DOYLE PATTERSON, Kansas City RICHARD DECOSTER, Canton STUART SYMINGTON, JR., St. Louis JEAN TYREE HAMILTON, Marshall ROBERT WOLPERS, Poplar Bluff W. ROGERS HEWITT, Shelbyville DALTON C. WRIGHT, Lebanon BOARD OF TRUSTEES The Board of Trustees consists of one Trustee from each Congressional District of the State and fourteen Trustees elected at large. In addition to the elected Trustees, the President of the Society, the Vice Presidents of the Society, all former Presidents of the Society, and the ex officio members of the Society constitute the Board of Trustees. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE Eight Trustees elected by the Board of Trustees together with the President of the Society constitute the Executive Committee. The Executive Director of the Society serves as an ex officio member. WILLIAM AULL III, Lexington, Chairman JAMES C. OLSON, Kansas City FRANCIS M. BARNES III, Kirkwood ROBERT C. SMITH, Columbia H. RILEY BOCK, New Madrid BLANCHE M. TOUHILL, St. Louis JEAN TYREE HAMILTON, Marshall JOSEPH WEBBER, St. Louis VIRGINIA G. YOUNG, Columbia SOCIETY PUBLICATIONS Thomas Hart Benton: Artist, Writer and Intellectual, edited by R. Douglas Hurt and Mary K. Dains, is a new book, published by the State Historical Society. It contains eight essays by noted authorities on the famous twentieth- century Missouri artist. The writers provide a fresh evalua tion on the life and work of the most controversial and important Regionalist in the history of American art. This handsomely produced book of 244 pages includes 84 illustra tions, a bibliography and an index. It will be an important addition to American art collections in all academic and public libraries. The price of this softback book is $22.95 postpaid. Historic Missouri: A Pictorial Narrative, the second edition of the popular history of Missouri, contains more than 300 illustrations, with eight pictures in full color. The book traces the story of Missouri's past from the prehistoric period to the late twentieth century. This 1988 softback book sells for $11.45 postpaid. My Road to Emeritus, by Elmer Ellis, presents an auto biographical account of the University of Missouri president, who held office from 1954 to 1966. Upon his retirement as president, Ellis reflected upon and wrote about his life and career. The book that resulted is educational and stimulating, and also enjoyable reading for anyone who knew Ellis as a scholar, teacher, administrator or friend. The new hardback book of 256 pages sells for $19.95 postpaid. To order these excellent volumes, send check or money order to: The State Historical Society of Missouri 1020 Lowry Columbia, Missouri 65201 EDITORIAL POLICY The editors of the Missouri Historical Review welcome submission of articles and documents relating to the history of Missouri. Any aspect of Missouri history will be considered for publication in the Review. Genealogical studies, however, are not accepted because of limited appeal to general readers. Manuscripts pertaining to all fields of American history will be considered if the subject matter has significant relevance to the history of Missouri or the West. Authors should submit two double-spaced copies of their manuscripts. The footnotes, prepared according to The Chicago Manual of Style, also should be double-spaced and placed at the end of the text. Authors may submit manu scripts on PC/DOS, 360K floppy disk. The disk must be IBM compatible, preferably a Displaywrite 3 or 4 program. Otherwise, it must be in ASCII format. Two hard copies still are required, and the print must be letter or near-letter quality. Dot matrix submissions will not be accepted. Orig inality of subject, general interest of the article, sources used, interpretation and style are criteria for acceptance and publica tion. Manuscripts should not exceed 7,500 words. Articles that are accepted for publication become the property of The State Historical Society of Missouri and may not be pub lished elsewhere without permission. The Society does not accept responsibility for statements of fact or opinion made by the authors. Articles published in the Review are abstracted and indexed in Historical Abstracts, America: History and Life, Recently Published Articles, Writings on American History, The Western Historical Quarterly and The Journal of Ameri can History. Manuscripts submitted for the Review should be ad dressed to: Dr. James W. Goodrich, Editor Missouri Historical Review The State Historical Society of Missouri 1020 Lowry Street Columbia, Missouri 65201 This number of the Missouri Historical Review is dedicated to the late President Emeri tus of the University of Missouri Elmer Ellis (1901-1989). A well-known scholar, teacher and administrator, Dr. Ellis also was a devoted member, officer and friend of the State His torical Society. CONTENTS THOMAS HART BENTON REMEMBERED. By Lyman Field 131 CLARENCE CANNON, THE CORN COB PIPE, AND THE HAWLEY-SMOOT TARIFF. By Charles A. Jarvis 166 TEXANS INVADE MISSOURI: THE CAPE GIRARDEAU RAID, 1863. By Anne J. Bailey 166 HISTORICAL NOTES AND COMMENTS Society Holds Annual Meeting 188 News in Brief 195 Local Historical Societies 197 Erratum 208 Gifts 209 Missouri History in Newspapers 214 Missouri History in Magazines 230 In Memoriam 239 BOOK REVIEWS 241 BOOK NOTES 249 This self-portrait of Thomas Hart Benton is in the State His torical Society's art collection. State Historical Society of Missouri Thomas Hart Benton Remembered By LYMAN FIELD* Tom Benton's life span encompassed one-tenth of the last century, three-fourths of this one: 1889 to 1975—over 85 years. He lived and worked with great vigor and purpose and amazing grace right up to the very end, with his hands, his mind and his heart. There was a lot of Ulysses in Tom Benton, both as a solitary wanderer and with companions; but for all his wonderful travels in Italy, France, far away islands, Mexico, most of the United States, the oceans, the rivers and streams, the great prairies and mountains of the American west—it was his home, his hearth, his table and his studio, both in Missouri and Martha's Vineyard, and his beloved Rita, which held the deepest meanings for him. He was as at home with the writings of St. Augustine, Thomas Aquinas and the Arabian Nights, as he was with the works, in the •Lyman Field, a partner in the Kansas City law firm of Field, Gentry, Benjamin & Robertson, P.C. and a long-time friend of Thomas Hart Benton, presented this paper at the Society's annual meeting luncheon on October 7, 1989.