The Case of Ifugao*
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The Mountain Houses by Rodrigo D
The Mountain Houses By Rodrigo D. Perez Folk Architecture n a masterly study Willy Henry Scott classifies the Cordillera houses into the northern and southern strains. The northern is exemplified in the Isneg and Lower Kalinga house, and the southern, in the Ifugao, Ibaloi, Kankanai, and Bontoc houses. The octagonal Kalinga house is a combination of both strains The northern style is characterized by a gable roof, sometimes with bowed rafters; a three-section, two-level, reedmat floor; and two sets of posts, one; floor-bearing and the other, roof-bearing. The space below the floor is not used. The common features of the southern strain are a steep pyramidal or hip roof; a house cage, which among the Ifugao, Kankanai, and Ibaloi is the living area, and among the Bontoc and Sagada, a granary; and the house cage support consisting of four posts carrying two girders, in turn carrying three beams or joists. The space below the floor is used. Except in the Ibaloi style, the house has no windows. The prototype of the southern strain is the Ifugao haouse, which probably developed from a granary. This is apparent from the use of stilts and rat guards, features of granary constructions. The Kalinga octagonal house combines four posts-two girders-three joists support of the southern strain with the floor and roof construction of the northern strain. The space under the floor is not used. Igorot houses religiously employ post and-lintel construction to the exclusion of diagonal bracing even in the roof frame. Roof supports consist of king posts, and queen posts in some cases, resting on beams and stabilized by horizontal straining members House size and structural design – the latter limited to short spans and in some cases multiple supports – appear to result partly from the custom of cutting timer in the forest to sizes that could be easily carried by men. -
Quintin Paredes 1884–1973
H former members 1900–1946 H Quintin Paredes 1884–1973 RESIDENT COMMISSIONER 1935–1938 NACIONALISTA FROM THE PHILIPPINES s the first Resident Commissioner to represent eventually moved to Manila and studied law under the the Philippines after it became a commonwealth direction of another of his brothers, Isidro. He worked during of the United States, Quintin Paredes worked the day, studied at night, and after passing the bar exam, toA revise the economic relationship between his native Paredes briefly took a job with the Filipino government in archipelago and the mainland. Paredes championed Manila before moving to the private sector.4 Paredes married Philippine independence, constantly reminding policymakers Victoria Peralta, and the couple had 10 children.5 of his home’s history as a valuable and vital trading partner. In 1908 Paredes joined the solicitor general’s office In testimony before congressional committees and in in Manila as a prosecuting attorney and rapidly rose to speeches on the floor of the U.S. House of Representatives, the solicitor general post in 1917. The very next year, Paredes countered common misconceptions about Filipinos Paredes accepted the job as attorney general, becoming and worked to place the islands on stable economic footing as the Philippines’ top lawyer. Within two years, he became they moved toward independence. secretary of justice in the cabinet of Governor General One of 10 children, Quintin Paredes was born in the Francis Burton Harrison, a former Member of the U.S. northwestern town of Bangued, in the Philippines’ Abra House of Representatives from New York. President Province, on September 9, 1884, to Juan Felix and Regina Woodrow Wilson nominated Paredes to serve as an Babila Paredes. -
Inclusion and Cultural Preservation for the Ifugao People
421 Journal of Southeast Asian Human Rights, Vol.2 No. 2 December 2018. pp. 421-447 doi: 10.19184/jseahr.v2i2.8232 © University of Jember & Indonesian Consortium for Human Rights Lecturers Inclusion and Cultural Preservation for the Ifugao People Ellisiah U. Jocson Managing Director, OneLife Foundation Inc. (OLFI), M.A.Ed Candidate, University of the Philippines, Diliman Abstract This study seeks to offer insight into the paradox between two ideologies that are currently being promoted in Philippine society and identify the relationship of both towards the indigenous community of the Ifugao in the country. Inclusion is a growing trend in many areas, such as education, business, and development. However, there is ambiguity in terms of educating and promoting inclusion for indigenous groups, particularly in the Philippines. Mandates to promote cultural preservation also present limits to the ability of indigenous people to partake in the cultures of mainstream society. The Ifugao, together with other indigenous tribes in the Philippines, are at a state of disadvantage due to the discrepancies between the rights that they receive relative to the more urbanized areas of the country. The desire to preserve the Ifugao culture and to become inclusive in delivering equal rights and services create divided vantages that seem to present a rift and dilemma deciding which ideology to promulgate. Apart from these imbalances, the stance of the Ifugao regarding this matter is unclear, particularly if they observe and follow a central principle. Given that the notion of inclusion is to accommodate everyone regardless of “race, gender, disability, ethnicity, social class, and religion,” it is highly imperative to provide clarity to this issue and identify what actions to take. -
Ancient Jades Map 3,000 Years of Prehistoric Exchange in Southeast Asia
Ancient jades map 3,000 years of prehistoric exchange in Southeast Asia Hsiao-Chun Hunga,b, Yoshiyuki Iizukac, Peter Bellwoodd, Kim Dung Nguyene,Be´ re´ nice Bellinaf, Praon Silapanthg, Eusebio Dizonh, Rey Santiagoh, Ipoi Datani, and Jonathan H. Mantonj Departments of aArchaeology and Natural History and jInformation Engineering, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia; cInstitute of Earth Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 1-55, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; dSchool of Archaeology and Anthropology, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia; eDepartment of Ancient Technology Research, Vietnam Institute of Archaeology, Hanoi, Vietnam; fCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unite´Mixte de Recherche 7528, 27 Rue Paul Bert, 94204 Ivry-sur-Seine, France; gDepartment of Archaeology, Silpakorn University, Bangkok 10200, Thailand; hArchaeology Division, National Museum of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines; and iSarawak Museum, Kuching, Malaysia Edited by Robert D. Drennan, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, and approved October 5, 2007 (received for review August 3, 2007) We have used electron probe microanalysis to examine Southeast Japanese archaeologist Kano Tadao (7) recognized four types of Asian nephrite (jade) artifacts, many archeologically excavated, jade earrings with circumferential projections that he believed dating from 3000 B.C. through the first millennium A.D. The originated in northern Vietnam, spreading from there to the research has revealed the existence of one of the most extensive Philippines and Taiwan. Beyer (8), Fox (3), and Francis (9) also sea-based trade networks of a single geological material in the suggested that the jade artifacts found in the Philippines were of prehistoric world. Green nephrite from a source in eastern Taiwan mainland Asian origin, possibly from Vietnam. -
BSP Holdings 2012 Production ABRA APAYAO BENGUET SAFETY
Mineral Production III. Exports Environmental Protection and Enhancement Program A. Metallic Quantity Value (PhP) Commodity/ Quantity Value (PhP) Value (US$) AEPEP Commitment Gold (Kg) 3,400.69 8,326,807,058.00 Destination Company 2012 Commitment Silver (Kg) 3,680.31 97,288,217.00 A. Gold (kg) 3,080.64 6,998,402,339 412,991,653 (PhP) Copper (DMT) 40,532.00 3,802,572,437.00 China, Japan, Philex Mining Corporation 261,213,336.00 7,482.13 7,398,440.00 London, Canada, SSM-Gold (gms) Lepanto Consolidated Mining Company 106,250,000.00 B. Non-Metallic Switzerland ML Carantes Devt. & Gen. Const. Entp. 308,154.00 Quicklime (MT) 8,884.71 63,616,454.14 B. Silver (kg) 3,660.40 215,133,289.40 10,980,778 Slakelime (MT) 461.11 2,377,603.85 China, Japan, Mountain Rock Aggregates 440,500.00 London, Canada, I. Large Scale Metallic Non-Metallic BC-BAGO 2,111,000.00 Mining Switzerland A. Number of 3 1 C. Copper (DMT) 40,136 3,426,102,554 60,400,939 BC-ACMP 4,802,000.00 Producers Japan Itogon Suyoc Resources, Inc. 1,385,310.00 B. Total Area 1,637.0800 19.09 IV. Sand & Gravel TOTAL 376,113,850.00 Covered (Has.) Province ABRA APAYAO BENGUET C. Employment 4,953 Males 406 Females A. Quantity Produced 35,191 250,318 66,553 D. Local Sales (PhP) (cu.m.) Gold (Kg) 194.52 437,814,493.00 B. Value (PhP) 1,294,911 100,127,312 12,235,927 SAFETY STATISTICS January-December 2012 SSM-Gold (gms) 7,705.13 7,875,105.00 C. -
The White Apos: American Governors on the Cordillera Central Frank L
Cedarville University DigitalCommons@Cedarville Alumni Book Gallery 1987 The White Apos: American Governors on the Cordillera Central Frank L. Jenista Cedarville University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.cedarville.edu/alum_books Part of the Other History Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Jenista, Frank L., "The White Apos: American Governors on the Cordillera Central" (1987). Alumni Book Gallery. 334. https://digitalcommons.cedarville.edu/alum_books/334 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@Cedarville, a service of the Centennial Library. It has been accepted for inclusion in Alumni Book Gallery by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@Cedarville. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The White Apos: American Governors on the Cordillera Central Disciplines History | Other History | United States History Publisher New Day Publishers Publisher's Note Excerpt provided by kind permission of New Day Publishers. There will be no selling of the book outside of New Day. ISBN 971100318X This book is available at DigitalCommons@Cedarville: https://digitalcommons.cedarville.edu/alum_books/334 ,. • • AMERICAN GOVERNORS ON 1HE CORDILLERA CENTRAL FRANKL. JENISTA New Day- Publishers Quezon City 1987 PREFACE For at least the last five centuries of recorded' history, Southeast Asians have been conspicuously divided into peoples of the hills and of the plains. Hjghlanders have tended to be independent animists living in small communities isolated by war or terrain, ·without developed systems of either kinship or peonage and order ing their lives according to custom and oral tradition. .Their lowland . neighbors, exposed to the greater traditions of Buddhism, Islam or Christianity, lived in more complex worlds with courts and chroni cles, plazas and cathedrals. -
Typhoon Mangkhut
Information bulletin Philippines: Typhoon Mangkhut Glide n° TC-2018-000149-PHL Date of issue: 12 September 2018 Date of disaster: 14 September 2018 (forecast) Point of contact (name and title): Ana Villa Mariquina, Acting manager for disaster management services Operation start date: 12 September 2018 Expected timeframe: - Host National Society: Philippine Red Cross (PRC) Number of people affected: Around 3 million people at Number of people to be assisted: risk - This bulletin is being issued for information only and reflects the current situation and details available at this time. The Philippine Red Cross (PRC), with the support of the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC), has determined that external assistance is not required, and is therefore not seeking funding or other assistance from donors at this time. <click here to view the map of the affected area, or here for detailed contact information> The situation According to the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA), Typhoon Mangkhut is expected to enter the Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR) around 14H00, 12 September 2018. It will be given the local name “Ompong”. Mangkhut is currently around 1,200km east of southern Luzon (13.8 N 136.3 E), moving west at 20kph, and with maximum sustained winds of 250kph near the centre and gustiness of up to 310kph according to Joint Typhoon Warning Center update as of 11H00, 12 September. It has been classified as a Category 5 cyclone (Saffir-Simpson), while it can be considered a super typhoon in PAGASA’s TWCS. The typhoon is expected to maintain its strength before landfall. -
Province of Apayao
! 120°50' 121°0' 121°10' 121°20' 121°30' R E P U B L I C O F T H E P H I L I P P I N E S D E PA R T M E N T O F A G R I C U LT U R E 18°30' BUREAU OF SOILS AND WATER MANAG EMENT 18°30' Elliptical Road,cor.Visa yas Ave.,Diliman,Que zon City SOIL ph MAP ( Key Rice Areas ) PROVINCE OF APAYAO Abulug ! ° SCALE 1 : 100 , 000 0 1 2 4 6 8 10 Kilometers Ballesteros Projection : BallesteTraon!ssverse Mercator ! Datum : Luzon 1911 DISCLAIMER: All political boundaries are not authoritative 18°20' Luna ! 18°20' Santa Marcela ! Province of Ilocos Norte Calanasan ! Pudtol ! Flora ! 18°10' Province of Cagayan 18°10' ! KABUGAO P 18°0' 18°0' LEGEND pH Value GENERAL AREA MAPPING UNIT DESCRIPTION ( 1:1 RATIO ) RATING ha % Nearly Neutral - - > 6.8 or to Extremely Alkaline - - Low - - < 4.5 Extremely Acid - - Moderately Very Strongly - - 4.6 - 5.0 Low Acid - - Moderately 2 ,999 1 0.98 5.1 - 5.5 Strongly Acid Province of Cagayan High 2 ,489 9 .12 Moderately 7 ,474 2 7.37 5.6 - 6.8 High Acid to Slightly Acid 1 4,341 5 2.53 Province of Abra T O T A L 27,303 100.00 17°50' Paddy Irrigated Paddy Non Irrigated 17°50' Arreae aes trimefaeterds b taose tdh oen aacctutuala file aldr seurav esyu, ortvhery inefdor mbyat itohne fr ofmie lDdA -sRuFOr'vs,e MyA t'es,a NmIA. -
Over Land and Over Sea: Domestic Trade Frictions in the Philippines – Online Appendix
ONLINE APPENDIX Over Land and Over Sea: Domestic Trade Frictions in the Philippines Eugenia Go 28 February 2020 A.1. DATA 1. Maritime Trade by Origin and Destination The analysis is limited to a set of agricultural commodities corresponding to 101,159 monthly flows. About 5% of these exhibit highly improbable derived unit values suggesting encoding errors. More formally, provincial retail and farm gate prices are used as upper and lower bounds of unit values to check for outliers. In such cases, more weight is given to the volume record as advised by the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA), and values were adjusted according to the average unit price of the exports from the port of the nearest available month before and after the outlier observation. 2. Interprovince Land Trade Interprovince land trade flows were derived using Marketing Cost Structure Studies prepared by the Bureau of Agricultural Statistics for a number of products in selected years. These studies identify the main supply and destination provinces for certain commodities. The difference between production and consumption of a supply province is assumed to be the amount available for export to demand provinces. The derivation of imports of a demand province is straightforward when an importing province only has one source province. In cases where a demand province sources from multiple suppliers, such as the case of the National Capital Region (NCR), the supplying provinces are weighted according to the sample proportions in the survey. For example, NCR sources onions from Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, and Nueva Ecija. Following the sample proportion of traders in each supply province, it is assumed that 26% of NCR imports came from Ilocos Norte, 34% from Pangasinan, and 39% from Nueva Ecija. -
Zambales Nickel Mining Impacts Sustainable Agriculture and Fisheries
ALYANSA TIGIL MINA Zambales nickel mining impacts sustainable agriculture and fisheries Who is the alleged victim(s) (individual(s), community, group, etc.): Farming and fishing communities in Sta Cruz Zambales Who is the alleged perpetrator(s) of the violation: Four large-scale mining companies (extracting nickel) are blamed for the irreversible environmental degradation and destruction in the town of Sta. Cruz, namely: Zambales Diversified Metals Corp. Benguet Corp. Nickel Mines Inc. Eramin Minerals Inc. LNL Archipelago Minerals Inc The nickel mining operations result in water pollution due to nickel laterite. This has seeped in the irrigated water sources and reached 30-nautical miles offshore, affecting both agriculture and fishery sectors. Date, place and detailed description of the circumstances of the incident(s) or the violation: Sta. Cruz is a 1st class municipality with rich arable land that is conjusive for farming. The whole province of Zambales owes its title as “home of the best carabao mango of the world” to its rich land. To date, because of the nickel mining: Sta. Cruz, Zambales is losing 8,000 tons of palay production annually worth Php 200-million (US$5M). It has and estimated loss of Php 20-million (US$ 0.5M) from fish production in three major rivers and at least Php 30-million (or US$0.75M) (each hectare earning a net of Php 300,000.00 annually) loss from fish production in at least 100-hectares of fishpond. As an effect of the nickel laterite reaching offshore, there was also a declined in catch in deep sea fishing. There is also a radical reduction in the production of the best and sweetest carabao mango. -
Volume Xxiii
ANTHROPOLOGICAL PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VOLUME XXIII NEW YORK PUBLISHED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES 1925 Editor CLARK WISSLER FOREWORD Louis ROBERT SULLIVAN Since this volume is largely the work of the late Louis Robert Sulli- van, a biographical sketch of this able anthropologist, will seem a fitting foreword. Louis Robert Sullivan was born at Houlton, Maine, May 21, 1892. He was educated in the public schools of Houlton and was graduated from Bates College, Lewiston, Maine, in 1914. During the following academic year he taught in a high school and on November 24, 1915, he married Bessie Pearl Pathers of Lewiston, Maine. He entered Brown University as a graduate student and was assistant in zoology under Professor H. E. Walters, and in 1916 received the degree of master of arts. From Brown University Mr. Sullivan came to the American Mu- seum of Natural History, as assistant in physical anthropology, and during the first years of his connection with the Museum he laid the foundations for his future work in human biology, by training in general anatomy with Doctor William K. Gregory and Professor George S. Huntington and in general anthropology with Professor Franz Boas. From the very beginning, he showed an aptitude for research and he had not been long at the Museum ere he had published several important papers. These activities were interrupted by our entrance into the World War. Mr. Sullivan was appointed a First Lieutenant in the Section of Anthropology, Surgeon-General's Office in 1918, and while on duty at headquarters asisted in the compilation of the reports on Defects found in Drafted Men and Army Anthropology. -
List of KALAHI-CIDSS Subprojects - MAKILAHOK As of February 01, 2019
List of KALAHI-CIDSS Subprojects - MAKILAHOK as of February 01, 2019 Estimated Physical Date of Region Province Municipality Barangay Sub-Project Name Project Type KC Grant LCC Amount Total Project No. Of HHsDate Started Accomplishme Status Completion Cost nt (%) CAR [Cordillera Administrative Region]MOUNTAIN PROVINCE SADANGA ANABEL Construction of One Unit One School Building 1,181,886.33 347,000.00 1,528,886.33 / / Not yet started Storey Elementary School Building CAR [Cordillera Administrative Region]MOUNTAIN PROVINCE SADANGA BEKIGAN Construction of Sumang-Paitan Water System 1,061,424.62 300,044.00 1,361,468.62 / / Not yet started Village Water System CAR [Cordillera Administrative Region]MOUNTAIN PROVINCE SADANGA BELWANG Construction of Pikchat- Water System 471,920.92 353,000.00 824,920.92 / / Not yet started Pattiging Village Water System CAR [Cordillera Administrative Region]MOUNTAIN PROVINCE SADANGA SACASACAN Rehabilitation of Penged Maballi- Water System 312,366.54 845,480.31 1,157,846.85 / / Not yet started Sacasshak Village Water Supply System CAR [Cordillera Administrative Region]MOUNTAIN PROVINCE SADANGA SACLIT Improvement of Wetig- Footpath / Foot Trail / Access Trail 931,951.59 931,951.59 / / Not yet started Takchangan Footpath (may include box culvert/drainage as a component for Footpath) CAR [Cordillera Administrative Region]IFUGAO TINOC AHIN Construction of 5m x 1000m Road (may include box 251,432.73 981,708.84 1,233,141.57 / / Not yet started FMR Along Telep-Awa-Buo culvert/drainage as a component for Section road)