Road Over Road Bridge N2 – B3011 (Over N2 Between St George’S Strand and Neptune Interchange)

CLIENT:

Coega Development Corporation

Libra Chambers

Cnr. Oakworth and Carnavon Place

Humerail

Port Elizabeth

Tel: (041) 507-9111

Fax: (041) 585-5445

PROJECT NR: MPE0041

MAY 2004

ROAD OVER ROAD BRIDGE N2 – B3011 (OVER N2 BETWEEN ST GEORGE’S STRAND AND NEPTUNE INTERCHANGE)

SCOPING REPORT

Compiled for: DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL AFFAIRS TOURISM ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT PRIVATE BAG X 447 PRETORIA 0001 Phased Construction of the Proposed bridge and its approaches over the N2 between St. George’s Strand and Neptune Interchange.

Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS...... I

ADDENDA ...... II

1. INTRODUCTION...... 1

2. BACKGROUND ...... 2

3. BRIEF PROJECT DESCRIPTION...... 3

3.1 Activity to be undertaken...... 3

3.2 Location...... 3

4. BIOPHYSICAL DESCRIPTION...... 4

4.1 Physical Characteristics ...... 4 4.1.1 Climate ...... 4 4.1.2 Topography ...... 5 4.1.3 Geology and Soils ...... 5 4.1.3 Hydrology ...... 6 4.1.4 Visual Aspects...... 7 4.1.5 Sensitive Landscapes & Features ...... 7

4.2. Biological Characteristics ...... 7 4.2.1 Flora ...... 7 4.2.2 Fauna ...... 8

4.3. Socio-economic Characteristics ...... 10

5. ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF THE PROJECT ...... 11

An Environmental Impact Matrix, rating the potential impact of the development, is included in Appendix E... 11

5.1 Flora and Fauna...... 11

5.2 Hydrology ...... 12 5.2.1 Surface Water...... 12 5.2.2 Groundwater ...... 13

5.3 Soil ...... 13

5.4 Geology ...... 14

5.5 Air Quality...... 14

5.6 Topography ...... 14

W&E/PWE186990/Olievenhoutbosch/0227_Scoping Report_D7.doc/GB PAGE I Phased Construction of the Proposed bridge and its approaches over the N2 between St. George’s Strand and Neptune Interchange.

5.7 Visual Impact ...... 14

5.8 Waste...... 15

5.9 Social Impacts ...... 15 5.9.1 Land-use and Aesthetics...... 15 5.9.2 Job Creation...... 16 5.9.3 Demand for the Bridge...... 16 5.9.4 Safety ...... 17

6. ALTERNATIVES ...... 18

6.1 Design Alternatives ...... 18

6.2 Location Alternatives ...... 18

6.3 “No-Go” Alternative ...... 18

7. PUBLIC PARTICIPATION PROCESS...... 19

8. CONCLUSION ...... 20

9. RECOMMENDATION...... 21

Addenda

Appendix A: Locality map Appendix B: Photographs Appendix C: Design Drawing Appendix D: Geological Map Appendix E: Vegetation Map Appendix F: Environmental Impact Matrix Appendix G: Public Participation Process Appendix H: CDC Standard Environmental Specifications Appendix I: Newport Construction Method Statements

W&E/PWE186990/Olievenhoutbosch/0227_Scoping Report_D7.doc/GB PAGE II Phased Construction of the Proposed bridge and its approaches over the N2 between St. George’s Strand and Neptune Interchange. 1. INTRODUCTION

MPM Environmental Consultants were appointed by the Coega Development Corporation to perform an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) in the form of a Scoping Report for the proposed phased construction of the bridge and its approaches over the N2 Motorway between St. George’s Strand and the Neptune Interchange.

The construction, erection or upgrading of roads, railways, airfields and associated infrastructure requires environmental authorisation from the relevant Environmental Authority, in this case, due to the National Importance of the Coega IDZ, the National Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism, in close co-operation with the Provincial Department of Economic Affairs, Environment and Tourism. This document is the Scoping Report for the above-mentioned project and is compiled in accordance with the following statutory requirements and guideline documents:

♦ Sections 21, 22 and 26 of the Environment Conservation Act, Act 73 of 1989;

♦ Integrated Environmental Management Procedures of the Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism, 2002;

♦ Regulations No. R. 1182 and R. 1183 published under Sections 21, 26 and 28 of the above-mentioned Act on 5 September 1997, as amended; and

♦ DEAT Guideline Document: EIA Regulations - Implementation of Sections 21, 22 and 26 of the Environment Conservation Act of April 1998.

It is the objective of this report to ensure that all environmental issues are identified and addressed in such a manner to ensure that the development is environmentally and socially sound.

W&E/PWE186990/Olievenhoutbosch/0227_Scoping Report_D7.doc/GB PAGE 1 Phased Construction of the Proposed bridge and its approaches over the N2 between St. George’s Strand and Neptune Interchange. 2. BACKGROUND

The Coega Development Corporation (Pty) Ltd has been mandated by the South African Government to implement the construction of the Coega Industrial Development Zone (IDZ). A new deepwater port will be build and operated by the National Ports Authority of South Africa to act as the primary transport facility for the IDZ.

The Core Development Area (CDA) of the Coega IDZ will be developed into several development zones. The proposed bridge will form a linkage between Zone A1 and Zone 2, which forms part of the “Electronic and Technical Cluster” of the CDA. In order to ensure that these interlinked development zones are properly connected to each other as well as to the new port and other required infrastructure and development zones, these linkages need to be designed and constructed as part of the Core Development Area.

The need for linkages between the zones should be considered on the basis of:

♦ Arterial spatial relationships and access provision;

♦ Urban connectivity; and

♦ Anticipated demands.

Further, more detailed discussion on these issues can be found later in this Scoping Report.

W&E/PWE186990/Olievenhoutbosch/0227_Scoping Report_D7.doc/GB PAGE 2 Phased Construction of the Proposed bridge and its approaches over the N2 between St. George’s Strand and Neptune Interchange. 3. BRIEF PROJECT DESCRIPTION

3.1 Activity to be undertaken

The proposed activity forms part of the Core Development Area (CDA) of the Coega Industrial Development Zone (IDZ). The CDA has been extensively investigated throughout the years since the inception of the Coega IDZ planning with several specific environmental studies such as the Rezoning EIA for the CDA (CES 2001).

The proposed activity is the construction of a Road over Road Bridge (B3011) over the N2. Upon completion of the project, the bridge will consist of four lanes, two in each direction as well as the approaches to the bridge. The bridge will connect two interlinked planned industrial areas, Zone A1 and Zone 2 of the “Electronic and Technical Cluster” as identified in the Development Framework Plan of the Coega IDZ.

The construction of the bridge will be a phased approach. Phase 1 will entail the construction of the Port Elizabeth side of the bridge and its approaches while Phase 2 will entail the construction of the Coega side of the bridge and its approaches, completing the project. Construction of Phase 1 is planned to commence May 2004. Phase 2 will be constructed at a later stage when the industrial activities in the IDZ increased to such an extent that the additional carriageway is required.

3.2 Location

The site is located in the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Municipality in the Eastern Cape Province. It is situated approximately 20km in a northerly direction from Port Elizabeth travelling towards East London on the N2 (S 33 48’ 54.96” & E 25 39’ 42.73”). Please refer to Appendix A for the relevant Locality Map.

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The Environmental Specialist of MPM Environmental Consultants conducted a site investigation on the 2nd of December 2003. Photographs of the proposed site are appended as Appendix B.

4.1 Physical Characteristics

4.1.1 Climate

As a result of the confluence of several climatic regimes, the Eastern Cape is characterised by complex climatic experiences. Wide variations in temperature, rainfall and wind patterns are encountered, mainly due to the movement of air masses, altitude, land mass distribution and the distance from the Indian Ocean.

The annual average temperature is very moderate with an average high temperature of 25°C in January and 19°C in July. It should however be noted that extreme temperatures might be experienced in Berg wind conditions, which frequently occur in winter, with maximum temperatures well over 30°C. The Coega area is situated near the junction of temperate (winter rainfall) and subtropical (summer rainfall) climate regimes and experiences a warm temperate climate. The area has a bimodal rainfall pattern averaging at 624mm per year with peaks in spring an autumn.

The climate in the area is characterised by a high wind frequency normally from the West and West South West (41% combined frequency) all year round and East (15%) from October to March. Winds from the North West to NNW are usually associated with pre-frontal activity and can be in the form of warm Berg winds, particularly during the winter, or may be associated with stronger land breeze circulation overnight. WSW winds are normally associated with the passage of coastal lows and cold fronts, while the south east winds are a function of high pressure systems east of the country, mainly in the summer. Higher wind speeds are generally recorded during February due to the presence of the South Indian Ocean anticyclone.

W&E/PWE186990/Olievenhoutbosch/0227_Scoping Report_D7.doc/GB PAGE 4 Phased Construction of the Proposed bridge and its approaches over the N2 between St. George’s Strand and Neptune Interchange. 4.1.2 Topography

The area under investigation is situated at approximately 40 metres above sea level and is topographically relatively flat. There is one main drainage line located in close proximity of the site, namely, the Coega River. The topography of the area has previously been disturbed with the construction of the national road (N2) between Port Elizabeth and Coega. Please refer to Appendix A for topographical information depicted on the locality map of the area.

4.1.3 Geology and Soils

According to the findings of the various previous environmental investigations undertaken for the proposed development of the Coega IDZ, most of the Eastern Cape geological formations are sedimentary consisting of rock types such as sandstone, mudstone, limestone, conglomerate and tillite.

The area to the south of the site under investigation (towards Port Elizabeth) is underlined with the Table Mountain Group, a member of the Cape Super Group, consisting of course-grained super-mature sandstone. The geology of the Coega River is mainly of marine or estuarine origin. The pre-cretaceous basement comprises Table Mountain Group quartzites and shales of the Bokkeveld Group, which forms a trough in which the Cretaceous deposit of the Uitenhage groups was deposited. The area under investigation is characterised by coastal limestone, overlaid by calcareous sands blown ashore.

Sandy soils with variable depth and deep red sandy clay loam overlying limestone are very common in the south-eastern coastal regions. The southern coastal belt is characterised by coastal sands, sandy soils, lime containing lithosols and weakly developed soils on rock.

Relatively deep red, lime-rich sandy clay loams is characteristic of the Coega area and proposed development area.

Please refer to Appendix D for a Geological Map of the area.

W&E/PWE186990/Olievenhoutbosch/0227_Scoping Report_D7.doc/GB PAGE 5 Phased Construction of the Proposed bridge and its approaches over the N2 between St. George’s Strand and Neptune Interchange. 4.1.3 Hydrology

Surface Water

The area under investigation falls within the Coega River Catchment area, which has a total area of approximately 550 km2. The Coega River Valley forms the only major incision into the coastal formation in the area between the Swartkops River and the Sundays River. The Coega River is regarded as a sensitive system and is vulnerable to contamination. The site area has no natural drainage lines and no surface water.

Groundwater

The designated IDZ area is underlain by four different groundwater sources namely:

The Coega Ridge Aquifer Unit

The aquifer covers approximately 525 km2 and receives recharge from the exposed Winterhoek Mountains. Yield is approximately 3l/s irrespective of the number of individual abstraction points. The water quality deteriorates along the flow with the water being mildly acidic due to oxidation.

Sundays River and Kirkwood Formations

The relatively impermeable clays have thin discontinuous sandstone horizons that yield low sustainable volumes of poor quality water.

The Alexandria Formation

The Alexandria formation would form an ideal aquifer if it were saturated.

Pleistocene and recent sediments

These semi-consolidated, variable cemented and loose sediments have significant primary porosity but the low rainfall and high evaporation rates inhibit direct recharge.

W&E/PWE186990/Olievenhoutbosch/0227_Scoping Report_D7.doc/GB PAGE 6 Phased Construction of the Proposed bridge and its approaches over the N2 between St. George’s Strand and Neptune Interchange. 4.1.4 Visual Aspects

The area surrounding the site is relatively flat which will make the bridge a very prominent feature of the landscape. The bridge crosses over the N2 motorway with very little existing developments surrounding the site.

4.1.5 Sensitive Landscapes & Features

The proposed bridge and its approach roads do not traverse any sensitive landscapes or features. The area is highly disturbed and several areas have already been cleared for the upgrade of the N2 Motorway. Please refer to Appendix B for photographs of the current state of the area under investigation.

4.2. Biological Characteristics

4.2.1 Flora

The vegetation of the Eastern Cape is very complex and has several different veld types that form a transition between Cape and subtropical floras. The Coega region is best described as a tension zone where four major biomes converge and overlap (Lubke et al 1986). Detailed studies have been carried out on the terrestrial environment within the back of port area (CES 1997, Finch 1996, Cambell 1998) and can basically be divided into four categories:

♦ dune vegetation;

♦ inland vegetation;

♦ salt mash vegetation; and

♦ secondary vegetation.

The area under investigation falls specifically within the Inland Vegetation category:

Inland of the dune area and beyond the influence of the maritime influence is a Subtropical Transitional Thicket. This vegetation is characterised by dense impenetrable thickets within the valleys, while the arid flat topped ridges with shallow soils are characterised by more open veld where bushclumps are dispersed in grasslands in approximately equal areas. The thicket in this area is of the Mesic

W&E/PWE186990/Olievenhoutbosch/0227_Scoping Report_D7.doc/GB PAGE 7 Phased Construction of the Proposed bridge and its approaches over the N2 between St. George’s Strand and Neptune Interchange. Succulent Thicket type while the veld type on the ridges in the area is part of the Bontveld found between the Thicket of the northern bank of the Coega Valley and the Dune Vegatation.

The area surrounding the site can be described by Low and Rebelo as Valley Bushveld that consists of three different types of thickets namely Valley Thicket, Xeric Succulent Thicket and Mesic Succulent Thicket. The area thus forms part of the Inland vegetation category as described in the previous paragraph. Floristically the vegetation type is relatively species rich with high alpha diversity (37,3 species/100m2) but is low in beta diversity (Everard 1987). Euclea undulata is the dominant species in this vegetation type while other common species include Rhus longispina, Cassine tetragona, Schotia afra. Both Aloe feroxI and Aloe africana are prominent.

On the site the vegetation is in a very disturbed state due to the construction of a number of roads. Huge areas have been cleared of vegetation due to the construction activities while the human traversal has destroyed much of the remaining vegetation. Secondary vegetation is also evident in numerous areas.

Please refer to Appendix E for a Vegetation map of the area.

4.2.2 Fauna

There is a lack of natural or pristine habitats in the general Coega area due to human activities. This is very evident in the loss of natural vegetation, invasion of alien vegetation, local extinction of larger mammals and the presence of numerous industrial facilities.

Birds

The Coega region has due to its very varied habitats a very high diversity of avifauna. An estimated 150 species are either residents or are frequent visitors to the area. A range of terrestrial, estuarine and marine birds of conservation importance are found in significant numbers in the area. The Cape Gannet and African Penguin are either endangered or vulnerable while the Caspian Tern, Chestnutbanded Plover, Cape Cormorant and the Greater and Lesser flamingos are near threatened.

Reptiles

W&E/PWE186990/Olievenhoutbosch/0227_Scoping Report_D7.doc/GB PAGE 8 Phased Construction of the Proposed bridge and its approaches over the N2 between St. George’s Strand and Neptune Interchange. The region has an estimated 56 species of reptile which includes snakes (21 species), lizards (27 species) and chelonians (8 species turtles and tortoises). The majority of these are found in the Mesic succulent thicket and riverine habitats. The list of reptiles concerned is very significant since five of the species are endemic species (two endangered), four endangered sea turtles, one rare species and four species at the periphery of their range. More than one third of the species found can be described as tolerant of disturbed environments provided migration corridors to pristine habitats are maintained.

Mammals

There are 63 species of mammal known or expected to occur in the area of which two species are endemic to the area. They are the Duthie’s Golden mole (Chlorotalpa duthai) and the pygmy hairy-footed gerbil (Gerbillurus paeba exilis). Both of these only occur in the relatively sparse dune vegetation. Thirteen of the 63 species are Red Data Species while five of these are medium to large animals. These large species generally occupy large habitats and will be negatively affected by the fragmentation or restriction of these habitats. However, apart from the two endemic species, no significant breeding populations of the other species of conservation concern are known to occur in the region.

Amphibians

There is very limited knowledge of amphibian species in the area. According to the collection in the various museums of the eastern cape there is an estimated 17 species that may occur in the area. None of these species however, are endemic or of important conservation value.

Terrestrial invertebrates

The invertebrate fauna of the coastal dunefields has not been extensively researched and is therefore not well documented. Their distribution is largely dependent on the availability and composition of the natural vegetation. The Acrotylus hirtus grasshopper species are endemic to the dune areas while two rare butterflies (Aloeides clarki, Lepidochrysops bacchus) are known to be present in three locations within the Coega area . All of these areas are not near or within the study area and have already been fenced off.

W&E/PWE186990/Olievenhoutbosch/0227_Scoping Report_D7.doc/GB PAGE 9 Phased Construction of the Proposed bridge and its approaches over the N2 between St. George’s Strand and Neptune Interchange. The highly disturbed nature of the habitat surrounding the specific site lessens the possible presence of any endangered faunal species. The site has been traversed by vehicles and people that have destroyed any possible natural habitat.

4.3. Socio-economic Characteristics

The Eastern Cape is the second largest of all the provinces, has the fourth highest population and the second highest percentage of children under 15 years of age. It is one of South Africa’s most poverty stricken provinces with large areas devoid of any development. In the Port Elizabeth-Uitenhage metropole, 60% of the potentially economically active population are employed. The area surrounding the site is relatively undeveloped and will eventually fall within the Coega industrial area.

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An Environmental Impact Matrix, rating the potential impact of the development, is included in Appendix F.

5.1 Flora and Fauna

The construction activities will clear very little additional vegetation. The development will therefore result in very little habitat loss. The area surrounding the bridge and its approaches has been severely disturbed already during the upgrade of the N2 Motorway. The access road cleared for the upgrades will form the centre line of the proposed bridge. The vegetation is already showing signs of Secondary vegetation in the form of Secondary Grassy Fynbos. This clearly shows that previous bush clearing has destroyed the original natural habitat.

The noise caused by the construction activities will possibly result in a short term abandoning of the site by indigenous faunal species. Most of the species will however return after the completion of the construction activities. Rehabilitation of the construction camp and road reserves will hasten the return of especially bird species to the area.

The additional negative environmental impact of the development on the limited flora and fauna currently present at the site can therefore be classified as being of moderate significance in the short term. It should however be noted that with the rehabilitation of the disturbed areas, a significant positive impact can be expected over the long term.

Possible Mitigation measures include the following:

♦ Areas considered to be more sensitive, such as relatively undisturbed thicket, within the surrounding area should be afforded the most protection during all stages of development.

♦ Enforcing movement restrictions on the construction teams is considered essential and they should be held accountable for any impacts.

♦ Existing degradation should be rehabilitated, including the removal of rubble, litter or any other non-endemic substances.

W&E/PWE186990/Olievenhoutbosch/0227_Scoping Report_D7.doc/GB PAGE 11 Phased Construction of the Proposed bridge and its approaches over the N2 between St. George’s Strand and Neptune Interchange. In addition please refer to the CDC Standard Environmental Specification for Construction for detailed management measures (Appendix H) as well the Method Statements prepared by Newport Construction (Appendix I).

5.2 Hydrology

5.2.1 Surface Water

Runoff

The development will result in a minimal loss of groundcover resulting in a small increase in surface runoff. The situation will be aggravated by the development of hard surfaces resulting from construction. The increased runoff poses the threat of soil erosion on site and sedimentation of the drainage channels in the area. The impact of the construction activities on the environment is in general of moderate significance in the medium term until rehabilitation measures have been implemented to prevent future soil erosion and sedimentation of drainage channels.

The design of a proper stormwater management system for the road was therefore critical to the development to ensure that minimal amount of sediment reach the riverine systems in the area. A stormwater management master plan has been designed for the entire IDZ area and has been approved by the Department of Water Affairs and Forestry. The detailed stormwater management measures for the bridge will have to adhere to the master plan specifications.

Pollution

Chemical reagents used during construction, as well as fuels such as oil and petrol pose a threat of contaminating the surface runoff water. It is imperative that the environmental specifications for site camp establishment are adhered to.

MITIGATION MEASURES:

♦ The detail design must include stormwater controls and erosion rehabilitation measures, which must be instituted as soon as possible.

♦ The design for the stormwater management system must allow for the drainage of accumulated surface water.

W&E/PWE186990/Olievenhoutbosch/0227_Scoping Report_D7.doc/GB PAGE 12 Phased Construction of the Proposed bridge and its approaches over the N2 between St. George’s Strand and Neptune Interchange. In addition please refer to the CDC Standard Environmental Specification for Construction for detailed management measures (Appendix H) as well the Method Statements prepared by Newport Construction (Appendix I).

5.2.2 Groundwater

Contamination

Spillage of fuel and other chemical reagents pose the threat of groundwater contamination during construction. Temporary sanitation facilities, if not managed properly, may also pose a threat of contamination to groundwater. Due to the limited pollution possibilities for this construction project there is no significant additional negative environmental impact expected.

MITIGATION MEASURES:

Please refer to the CDC Standard Environmental Specification for Construction for detailed management measures (Appendix H) as well the Method Statements prepared by Newport Construction (Appendix I).

5.3 Soil

Spillage of fuel and other chemical reagents pose the threat of soil contamination. The sandy nature of the soil makes it very susceptible to pollution due to the fast dispersion rate. Special care should therefore be given to quick management measures in the case of spillage. Construction activities may have a highly significant impact on the underlying soils in the area. The disturbance is however temporary and with proper rehabilitation procedures the negative impacts can be mitigated satisfactorily. In the long term the rehabilitation measures would have a significantly positive influence on stabilising the underlying soil conditions.

MITIGATION MEASURES:

W&E/PWE186990/Olievenhoutbosch/0227_Scoping Report_D7.doc/GB PAGE 13 Phased Construction of the Proposed bridge and its approaches over the N2 between St. George’s Strand and Neptune Interchange. 5.4 Geology

The possibility that the upgrade of the road will have significant impact on the geology of the site is minimal. The upgrade does not involve any significant earthworks and the geology has been found to be suitable for the construction of a road.

5.5 Air Quality

Excess dust will be generated during the construction phase. Dust is a short-term impact of moderate significance and will cease as soon as construction ends. The increase in traffic from vehicles utilising the newly constructed bridge crossing will not add significantly to the ambient air quality of the area due to the proximity of the N2 Motorway

MITIGATION MEASURES:

♦ All construction vehicles must be in a good condition to prevent excessive smoke.

In addition, please refer to the CDC Standard Environmental Specification for Construction for detailed management measures (Appendix H) as well the Method Statements prepared by Newport Construction (Appendix I).

5.6 Topography

The construction of the road will alter the topography of the area on a very small scale. The bridge construction will raise the general slope of the site. The overall impact however is not considered significant and no mitigation measures are proposed.

5.7 Visual Impact

The proposed bridge will be visible from the surrounding area as well as the N2 Motorway. The surrounding area is undeveloped at the moment but will form part of the Coega CDA. The visual effect of the bridge will therefor be minimal and the impact can be classified as being of moderate significance in the short term due to the visual effect of construction activities and as having a significant positive influence in the longer term upon completion of the rehabilitation of the site.

W&E/PWE186990/Olievenhoutbosch/0227_Scoping Report_D7.doc/GB PAGE 14 Phased Construction of the Proposed bridge and its approaches over the N2 between St. George’s Strand and Neptune Interchange. The additional light pollution, especially along the N2 may cause some disturbance to passing motorists. Guidelines for lighting should be developed to minimise light scatter and pollution.

MITIGATION MEASURES:

♦ Engineering design must make provision for the construction of light barriers.

5.8 Waste

Waste material will only be generated during the construction phase of the development. Waste left on the site, by for example construction crews, may have a negative visual impact on the environment as well as cause health risks.

MITIGATION MEASURES:

5.9 Social Impacts

5.9.1 Land-use and Aesthetics

The proposed site forms part of the Coega Industrial Development Zone (IDZ). The IDZ will include a deepwater port as well as industrial and commercial development zones. The proposed bridge will be located within the CDA of the Coega IDZ. The land is not currently utilised and is vacant. The proposed land use and zoning of the site can therefore be classified as being zoned for “special purposes”.

The proposed bridge will be one of several other bridges constructed across the N2. Other infrastructure in the form of warehouses and factories will also be constructed in the area. Aesthetically the bridge will form part of the entire industrial zone and will therefore not be incompatible with the surrounding area.

W&E/PWE186990/Olievenhoutbosch/0227_Scoping Report_D7.doc/GB PAGE 15 Phased Construction of the Proposed bridge and its approaches over the N2 between St. George’s Strand and Neptune Interchange. 5.9.2 Job Creation

The project will create temporary jobs during the construction phase.

5.9.3 Demand for the Bridge

As mentioned earlier in this document, there is a need for additional linkages between the different development zones of the CDA. The need for linkages between the zones should be considered on the basis of:

♦ Arterial spatial relationships and access provision;

♦ Urban connectivity; and

♦ Anticipated demands.

The general rule for interchange spacing is 3.6 km between an access and a system interchange. Shortening this distance with more bridge crossings is significant as it could add value to the properties on both sides of the N2 due to the increased levels of vehicular access.

In the case where no cross-linkages are provided, Zone 1A will be accessed from Neptune road only and Zone 2 from MR450 only. For a business enterprise to be located at the western end of Zone 1A, it will be necessary to travel approximately 7 km to arrive at a point on the N2 opposite that same business premises. This also applies to an enterprise located at the western end of Zone 2 desiring to travel to the new harbour complex. It is therefore suggested that the lack of access will impact negatively on the sale of land in these areas, and add to overall travel costs.

There are further concerns regarding public transport as well. Passenger rail has been seen as a main people mover, however, this is unlikely to materialise within the next 10 to 20 years. In the interim, reliance will be placed on minibus taxis, or preferably, formal bus services. In the case of minibus taxis, terminals will have to be created in both the development zones. In the event of formal bus schedules these expenses would be limited and the cost of operations further reduced.

It is inevitable that there will be land uses other than industrial within the two zones. In addition to that the coastline will continue to be an ongoing attraction. This will result in a demand for personal travel in a north-south direction. It is therefore better

W&E/PWE186990/Olievenhoutbosch/0227_Scoping Report_D7.doc/GB PAGE 16 Phased Construction of the Proposed bridge and its approaches over the N2 between St. George’s Strand and Neptune Interchange. to plan for this eventuality than to have fences broken and pedestrians illegally crossing the N2. The need for regular bridge crossings over the N2 is therefore very clear.

5.9.4 Safety

The construction activities across the N2 motorway may also have an impact on the motorists passing the construction site. Construction materials, which could fall from the bridge, may cause damage to vehicles and pedestrians. The presence of large construction vehicles may also cause disruptions in traffic and lead to accidents.

MITIGATION MEASURES:

♦ Construction material must be prevented from falling onto the road below. Safety nets must be in place to catch any accidental fall.

♦ Contractors must erect warning signs to advise motorists of the possible danger of the construction activities and vehicles.

♦ All persons working on the site must wear the correct safety equipment.

W&E/PWE186990/Olievenhoutbosch/0227_Scoping Report_D7.doc/GB PAGE 17 Phased Construction of the Proposed bridge and its approaches over the N2 between St. George’s Strand and Neptune Interchange. 6. ALTERNATIVES

Alternatives that had to be considered as part of the Scoping process is the “no-go” option, design alternatives, as well as other location alternatives.

6.1 Design Alternatives

During the detail design phase of the project, two scenarios were considered, namely the road either under or over the N2 Motorway. It was established that the link over the N2 would be most suitable due to the following: ♦ The process of raising the N2 would be too costly due to the larger construction activities involved. ♦ If the road crossed under the N2 the stormwater management features would not be able to drain the water due to the flat topography of the area.

6.2 Location Alternatives

A number of alternative positions were considered for the bridge. As the main function of the bridge will be to connect Zone A1 and Zone 2, it was therefore first priority to ensure that the bridge aligns with the layout of these two zones. Two positions were considered as being appropriate. Further investigation concluded that the current location is the most acceptable due to the following reasons: ♦ It provides more flexibility for the township layout because it aligns next to the existing racetrack. This allows for the retention of the racetrack in the final township layout. ♦ The chosen location also allows for better stormwater management features due to the more favourable topography of the area.

6.3 “No-Go” Alternative

The construction of the Coega IDZ makes consideration of the no-go option not viable. The IDZ will result in a tremendous increase in traffic generated in this area. The no-go option is therefore not feasible due to pressure on the existing infrastructure. The building of additional infrastructures will have to take place for the IDZ to develop to its full potential.

W&E/PWE186990/Olievenhoutbosch/0227_Scoping Report_D7.doc/GB PAGE 18 Phased Construction of the Proposed bridge and its approaches over the N2 between St. George’s Strand and Neptune Interchange. 7. PUBLIC PARTICIPATION PROCESS

The Executive Summary has been forwarded to the members of the Environmental Monitoring Committee (EMC) and the Environmental Liaison Committee (ELC) on the 20th of April 2004 in their individual capacity for comments. A copy of the Draft Scoping Report was also forwarded to the members of the ELC for their review.

In addition copies of the Draft Scoping Report were made available for review at the following institutions:

♦ Public Library in Port Elizabeth

♦ CDC Office in Port Elizabeth (Applicant)

♦ Kwezi V3 Engineers Office in Port Elizabeth (Design Engineers)

The aim of the Executive Summary and the Draft Scoping Report were: ♦ To supply the public with background information on the proposed planning for the construction of the proposed road; and ♦ To obtain the public’s inputs, concerns and comments on environmental and other matters in this regard.

The above Interested & Affected Parties were requested to forward any issues, concerns or comments that they may have to MPM on or before the 3rd of May 2004. No comments were received on or before the 3rd of May 2004.

Allowance was made for the arrival of any comments via the postal system and the individual I&APs were contacted telephonically to ensure that their comments are included (a table summarising the responses are included in Appendix G). All of the I&APs contacted indicated that there are no additional environmental concerns relating to this project. The only issue raised as being problematic is the excessive generation of dust. The excessive generation of dust has been addressed in the CDC Standard Environmental Specifications for Construction as well as in the Newport Construction Method Statements (refer to Appendix H & I). With the strict implementation and monitoring of the implementation of the above documentation the excessive generation of dust can be controlled to an acceptable level.

Please Refer to Appendix G for information relating to the Public Participation process.

W&E/PWE186990/Olievenhoutbosch/0227_Scoping Report_D7.doc/GB PAGE 19 Phased Construction of the Proposed bridge and its approaches over the N2 between St. George’s Strand and Neptune Interchange. 8. CONCLUSION

Sustainable development dictates that development must proceed in a manner that is economically viable as well as sensitive to environmental considerations. All possible aspects, including the biophysical and social must be measured and weighed to find the best possible solution and the levels of acceptable change.

In view of the above statement as well as the potential socio-economic benefits of the development of the Coega CDA and specifically this project, the proposed building of the bridge road will have a substantial positive influence. The creation of job opportunities and the financial gain to the poorer communities in the area will be very beneficial and provide a better quality of life.

The current site is also highly disturbed and as there is an existing gravel road the development will have minimal impacts. The surrounding area will be developed into the industrial zone of the IDZ and the environment in that area will therefore be severely altered. The construction phase of the road and the subsequent negative impacts can all therefore be mitigated to satisfactory levels.

W&E/PWE186990/Olievenhoutbosch/0227_Scoping Report_D7.doc/GB PAGE 20 Phased Construction of the Proposed bridge and its approaches over the N2 between St. George’s Strand and Neptune Interchange. 9. RECOMMENDATION

In light of the above, we recommend that authorisation for the construction of the proposed Phase 1 of the bridge be granted. It must be clearly stated that as a condition of the authorisation that all the recommendations pertained in the CDC Standard Environmental Specification for Construction, as well as the Method Statements prepared by Newport Construction in support of the CDC Environmental Specifications, be adhered to.

W&E/PWE186990/Olievenhoutbosch/0227_Scoping Report_D7.doc/GB PAGE 21

Appendix A

Locality Map

Appendix B

Photographs

View of the N2 road reserve towards Port Elizabeth from the approximate centre line of the proposed bridge

View of the N2 road reserve towards Coega from the approximate centre line of the proposed bridge View of current road upgrading activities within the N2 road reserve from the approximate centre line of the proposed bridge

View of the existing access road for the current N2 road works from the approximate centre line of the proposed bridge. The approaches of the bridge will follow the same alignment.

Appendix C

Design Drawing

on ond st L Ea N 2 N km 56,4 UITENHAGE Houghham Park

DESPATCH BRIDGE B3011 St Croix Island Coegasmond Jalheel Island

St George's StrandBrenton Island

N km 46,0 2

Bluewater Bay

Amsterdamhoek Swartkops River

Deal Party

Sydenham

Appendix D

Geological Map

Appendix E

Vegetation Map

Appendix F

Environmental Impact Matrix

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT MATRIX ACTIONS OR CONSTRUCTION PHASE REHABILITATION AND END-USE RESULT OF DEVELOPMENT

ENVIRONMENTAL CAMP DUST & CLEARING AND MASS EARTHWORKS PAVEMENT LAYERS, STRUCTURES REVEGETATION STORMWATER AND BIODIVERSITY ESTABLISHMENT NOISE GRUBBING ASPHALT WORKS & SEALING EROSION COMPONENTS: OPERATIONS Flora - - M*** M*** M*** M* H*** H*** L* Fauna - M* M*** M*** M*** M* H*** H*** L* Groundwater - - - L* M* - L*** M*** - Surface Water - - M** H* M*** M* H*** M** M** Soils - - M** H* M* - H*** H*** L* Geology - - - M* - - - H*** - Topography - - L* H*** L* L* - - - Residential Area - L* - - L* M* H*** M** - Adjacent Land-uses - L* - L* L* L* H** L** L* Air Quality - M** L* L* L* M* - - - Aesthetics - L* M** M* M* M* H*** H*** M* Public Health - M** - - L* - - - - Property Value - - - - L* - M** M** L** Upliftment of ------H*** H*** - Community Quality of Life - L** L** - - - H** H** - Job Creation - - M* H* H* H* L** - - * = Short Term Negative Impact = RED KEY: Potential Magnitude of Impacts: L = Low M = Moderate ** = Medium Term Positive Impact = GREEN Neutral = BLUE H = High - = None *** = Long Term

Appendix G

Public Participation Process

EIA Scoping Report for the proposed Road over Road Bridge N2 – B3011

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1. Introduction

MPM Environmental Consultants (MPM) were appointed by the Coega Development Corporation to perform an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) in the form of a Scoping Report for the proposed phased construction of the bridge and its approaches over the N2 Motorway between St. George’s Strand and the Neptune Interchange.

2. Brief Project Description

The construction of a Road over Road Bridge (B3011) over the N2 between Port Elizabeth and Coega in the jurisdiction of the Nelson Mandela Metro Municipality in the Eastern Cape Province. Upon completion of the project, the bridge will consist of four lanes, two in each direction as well as the approaches to the bridge. The bridge will connect two interlinked planned industrial areas, Zone A1 and Zone 2 of the “Electronic and Technical Cluster” as identified in the Development Framework Plan of the IDZ for Coega. The construction of the bridge will be a phased approach. Phase 1 will entail the construction of the Port Elizabeth side of the bridge and its approaches while Phase 2 will entail the construction of the Coega side of the bridge and its approaches, completing the project.

3. Biophysical description of the area under investigation

The area under investigation is situated at approximately 40 metres above sea level and is topographically relatively flat.

W&E/PWE196540/Coega N2 Bridge/Appendix G_ES_3.doc/GB PAGE 1 EIA Scoping Report for the proposed Road over Road Bridge N2 – B3011

The designated IDZ area is underlain by four different groundwater sources namely:

The Coega Ridge Aquifer Unit

Sundays River and Kirkwood Formations

The Alexandria Formation

Pleistocene and recent sediments

The proposed bridge and its approach roads do not traverse any sensitive landscapes or features. The area is highly disturbed and several areas has already been cleared for the upgrade of the N2 Motorway.

The vegetation of the Eastern Cape is very complex has several different veld types that form a transition between Cape and subtropical floras. The Coega region is best described as a tension zone where four major biomes converge and overlap (Lubke et al 1986). Detailed studies have been carried out on the terrestrial environment within the back of port area (CES 1997, Finch 1996, Cambell 1998) and can basically be divided into four categories: dune vegetation, inland vegetation, salt mash vegetation and secondary vegetation.

The Coega region has due to its very varied habitats a very high diversity of avifauna. The region has an estimated 56 species of reptile which includes snakes (21 species), lizards (27 species) and chelonians (8 species turtles and tortoises). There are 63 species of mammal known or expected to occur in the area of which two species are endemic to the area. They are the Duthie’s Golden mole (Chlorotalpa duthai) and the pygmy hairy-footed gerbil (Gerbillurus paeba exilis). There is very limited knowledge of amphibian species in the area. According to the collection in the various museums of the eastern cape there is an estimated 17 species that may occur in the area. None of these species however, are endemic or of important conservation value. The invertebrate fauna of the coastal dunefields has not been extensively researched and is therefore not well documented. Their distribution is largely dependent on the availability and composition of the natural vegetation.

The highly disturbed nature of the habitat surrounding the specific site lessens the possible presence of any endangered faunal species. The site has been traversed by vehicles and people that have destroyed any possible natural habitat.

W&E/PWE196540/Coega N2 Bridge/Appendix G_ES_3.doc/GB PAGE 2 EIA Scoping Report for the proposed Road over Road Bridge N2 – B3011 4. Potential Environmental Impact

Flora and Fauna

The development will result in very little habitat loss. The area surrounding the bridge and its approaches has been severely disturbed already during the upgrade of the N2 Motorway. The access road cleared for the upgrades will form the centre line of the proposed bridge. The vegetation is already showing signs of Secondary vegetation in the form of Secondary Grassy Fynbos. This clearly shows that previous bush clearing has destroyed the original natural habitat.

Hydrology

The development will result in a minimal loss of groundcover resulting in a small increase in surface runoff. The situation will be aggravated by the development of hard surfaces resulting from construction. Chemical reagents used during construction, as well as fuels such as oil and petrol pose a threat of contaminating the surface water, but with the appropriate mitigation measures this threat can be minimised.

Groundwater

Soil

Geology

Air Quality

Excess dust will be generated during the construction phase. Dust is a short-term impact and will cease as soon as construction ends. The increase in traffic from vehicles utilising the newly constructed bridge crossing will not add significantly to the ambient air quality of the area due to the proximity of the N2 Motorway

Topography

The construction of the road will alter the topography of the area on a very small scale. The bridge construction will raise the general slope of the site. The impact however is not considered significant and no mitigation measures are proposed.

W&E/PWE196540/Coega N2 Bridge/Appendix G_ES_3.doc/GB PAGE 3 EIA Scoping Report for the proposed Road over Road Bridge N2 – B3011 Visual Impact

The proposed bridge will be visible from the surrounding area as well as the N2 Motorway. The surrounding area is undeveloped at the moment and will form part of the Coega Industrial area. The visual effect of the bridge will therefor be minimal. The additional light pollution, especially along the N2 may cause some disturbance to passing motorists.

Waste

Land-use and Aesthetics

The land is not currently utilised and is vacant. The proposed bridge will be one of several other bridges constructed across the N2. Other infrastructure in the form of warehouses and factories will also be constructed in the area. Aesthetically the bridge will form part of the entire industrial zone and will therefore not be incompatible with the surrounding area.

Demand for the Bridge

There is a need for additional linkages between the different development zones of the CDA. The need for linkages between the zones should be considered on the basis of:

♦ Arterial spatial relationships and access provision;

♦ Urban connectivity; and

♦ Anticipated demands.

In the case where no cross-linkages are provided, Zone 1A will be accessed from Neptune road only and Zone 2 from MR450 only which could have a negative economical impact on business enterprise located a distance form these interchanges.

There are further concerns regarding public transport. Passenger rail transportation is unlikely to materialise within the next 10 to 20 years and in the interim, alternative additional road transportation is requried.

In addition, the coastline will continue to be an ongoing attraction which will result in a demand for personal travel in a north south direction. It is therefore better to plan for this eventuality than to have fences broken and pedestrian illegally crossing the N2. The need for regular bridge crossings over the N2 is therefore very clear.

Safety and Security

Construction materials falling from the bridge may cause damage to vehicles and pedestrians. The presence of large construction vehicles may also cause disruptions in traffic and accidents.

W&E/PWE196540/Coega N2 Bridge/Appendix G_ES_3.doc/GB PAGE 4 EIA Scoping Report for the proposed Road over Road Bridge N2 – B3011 Alternatives to the project

Alternatives that had to be considered, as part of the Scoping process is the “no-go” option as well as other route alternatives.

The construction of the Coega IDZ makes the consideration of the no-go option not viable. The IDZ will result in a tremendous increase in the traffic generated in the area. The no-go option is therefore not feasible due to the pressure it will put on the existing infrastructure. The proposed route alignment has been chosen to align with the existing gravel road that was used for the upgrade of the N2 highway. This will minimise the additional clearing of vegetation or disturbance of the environment.

Conclusion

In view of the above information as well as the potential socio-economic benefits of this project the proposed building of the bridge will have a substantial positive influence.

The current site is highly disturbed and as there is an existing gravel road the development will have minimal impacts. The construction phase of the road and the subsequent possible negative impacts can all therefore be mitigated to satisfactory levels.

In light of the above, we recommend that authorisation for the construction of the proposed phase 1 of the bridge be granted on the condition that the Environmental Management Plan be adhered to.

Public Participation Process

This document – The Executive Summary – has been compiled in order to provide a concise description of the proposed project and its impact on the environment. It has been circulated to you, an Interested and Affected Party, for your information and comment. Please take note that the public comment period ends on the 3rd of May 2004.

If additional, more detailed information is required, please refer to the Draft Scoping Report for this project available on request or at the following locations:

♦ Public Library in Port Elizabeth ♦ CDC Office in Port Elizabeth (Applicant) ♦ Kwezi V3 Engineer’s Office In Port Elizabeth (Design Engineers)

W&E/PWE196540/Coega N2 Bridge/Appendix G_ES_3.doc/GB PAGE 5 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING COMMITTEE

LIST OF MEMBERS

Name Organisation Address Tel & Cell Fax Email Prof Rob Midgley EMC PO Box 94 046-603-8427/ [email protected] Chairperson Grahamstown 082 809 0445 6140 Law Faculty Thabo Ndlovu NPA P.O. Box 162 041-507 1951 041-507 1963 [email protected] (Main Rep) Port Elizabeth 6000 Leticia Greyling NPA P.O. Box 32696 011-242 4144 011-242 4260 [email protected] (Alternative) Braamfontein Johannesburg 2017

Themba Koza CDC Private Bag X13130 041-507 9111/ 041-585 5445 [email protected] (Main Rep) Humewood 082 655 0292 Port Elizabeth 6013 John Raimondo CDC Private Bag X13130 041-507 9111/ 041-585 5445 [email protected] (Alternative) Humewood 082 441 7827 Port Elizabeth 6013 Name Organisation Address Tel & Cell Fax Email Vincent Matabane DEAT Private Bag X447 012- 310 3624 012-310 3688 [email protected] (Main Rep) Pretoria 0001 Mark Gordon DEAT Private Bag X447 012-310 3608 012-310 3688 [email protected] (Main Rep) Pretoria 0001 Nosipho Jezile DEAE&T (Main Rep) Andries Struwig DEAE&T Private Bag X5001 041-585 1850 041-585 1958 [email protected] (Alternative) Greenacres Port Elizabeth 6057

Leon Els DEAE&T Private Bag X5001 041-585 1850 041-585 1958 [email protected] (Alternative) Greenacres Port Elizabeth 6057

Lyn Jackson DEAT (MCM) Private Bag X2 021-402 3344 021-421 5342 [email protected] (Main Rep) Roggebaai 8012 Gail Nxumalo DEAT (MCM) Private Bag X2 021-402 3342/ 021- 421 5342 [email protected] (Alternative) Roggebaai 083 779 2800 8012 Derek Langman NMMM P.O. Box 12435 041-585 9711/ 041-585 2907 [email protected] (Main Rep) Central Hill 082 720 8764 6006 Name Organisation Address Tel & Cell Fax Email Johan Robbertse NMMM P.O. Box 12435 041-466 0909/ 041-585 2907 [email protected] (Alternative) Central Hill 082 736 8199 6006

Tembisile Mzamo DWAF Private Bag 6041 041-586 4884 041-586 4210 [email protected] (Main Rep) Port Elizabeth 6000

Andrew Lucas DWAF PO Box 7019, 043-743 3910 043-743 3910 [email protected] (Alternative) East London,

G.M. Van As DME Private Bag X6076 041-585 3862/ 041-585 3881 [email protected] (Main Rep) Port Elizabeth 082 453 6747 Or 6000 [email protected]

Dr. G Castley SANPark Conservation 041-508 5413 041-508 5415 [email protected] (Main Rep) Services, P.O. Box 20419, Humewood, 6013 J Gordon SANPark Conservation 041-508 5416 041-508 5415 [email protected] (Alternative) Services, P.O. Box 20419, Humewood, 6013

Warrick Stewart WESSA 2B Lawrence Street 041-585 9606/ 041-586 3228 [email protected] (Main Rep) Central Hill 041-585 1157 Port Elizabeth 6000

Name Organisation Address Tel & Cell Fax Email Brian Reeves WESSA 2B Lawrence Street 041-585 9606/ 041-586 3228 [email protected] (Alternative) Central Hill 041-585 1157 Port Elizabeth 6000

Ross Zietsman Birdlife SA 041-506 2163/ 041-506 2231 [email protected] (Main Rep) 083 400 3722

Bongani Mollo CEN N/A (Alternative)

Thembinkosi Mafana Wells Estate 21 Mafana Street 0833144334 041-4611413/ N/A (Main Rep) Wells Estate 041-4859616 6210 Jim Tucker Squid Nr 144 Church Str 082 775 2743 [email protected] (Main Rep) Association Walmer PE, 6070 Duane Muller Yatch Club PO Box 1034 041-585 4058 041-586 0095 [email protected] (Main Rep) Port Elizabeth

Karl v/d Merwe Deep Sea 91 Villiers Rd 082 655 6723 [email protected] (Alternative) Walmer PE, 6070 Zwelitsha Maji SANCO P.O. Box 14558 041-453 8183/ 041-451 3458 N/A (Main Rep) Sidwell, 083 763 8298 Port Elizabeth, 6000

MAILING LIST:

Name Organisation Address Tel & Cell Fax Email WDW Fourie DEAT Private bag X447 012-310 3703 012-310 3688 [email protected] Pretoria 0001 Mandisa Mondi NPA P.O. Box 32696 011-242 4342 011-242 4260 [email protected] Braamfontein Johannesburg 2017

Pieter Retief DWAF Private Bag 6041 041-586 4884 041-586 4210/ [email protected] Port Elizabeth 041-586 0319 6000 Dr Dave (?) Dept Zoology PO Box 1600 041-504 2335 041-504 2317 [email protected] Schoeman UPE PE, 6001 Rebecca Sims- T.E.R.U 041-504 2493 041-504 2946 [email protected] Castley U.P.E.

Appendix H

CDC Standard Environmental Specifications

Appendix I

Newport Construction Method Statements