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2 USC | SRG Research Day - March 25, 2015 Dean sadan
4 From the Dean
Dear students and colleagues,
Welcome to Research Day 2015! It is always therapy and physical therapy lead the way as with great anticipation that I attend this annual the No. 1-ranked schools in the U.S. News and event, one of USC’s only such events dedicated World Report’s list of top graduate schools. to scienti c inquiry and innovation. As their profession’s leaders, they often set the research agenda and lead federally-funded It is truly inspiring to see the curiosity and research e orts. excitement in the faces of our dental faculty and students as well as those researchers from the is focus on research is critical for our students. USC Chan Division of Occupational Science We often talk about how we must prepare our and Occupational erapy and the USC Division students to perform in the world not as it is todaay of Biokinesiology and Physical erapy as they but how it will be in 10, 15 or 20 years down the talk so passionately about their research. Better road. While we may be able to pinpoint trends still, I can con dently say I always walk away in our professions, there’s no way to predict the from Research Day, having learned something future. But by preparing our students to become new. I hope you all will be able to say the same. critical thinkers, they will be better equipped to navigate elds that will continue to dynamically We take scienti c research very seriously at the change—perhaps more in the coming years than Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry. In fact, the ever before. dental school has been the top-funded private dental institution by the National Institute of As we embark upon this exciting day, I’d like Dental and Craniofacial Research for two years to congratulate all our faculty and student in a row. On both campuses, some of dentistry’s presenters. We are all incredibly proud of your brightest minds are working tirelessly to solve hard work, dedication and scienti c curiosity. some of oral and craniofacial health’s most vexing problems. Fight on! is commitment to scienti c discovery doesn’t stop at dentistry. Our colleagues in occupational
Avishai Sadan, DMD, MBA Dean G. Donald and Marian James Montgomery Professor of Dentistry Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC
USC Student Research Group (SRG) 5 In This Issue
10 12 14
Biomedical Sciences Restorative Sciences ORAL SURGERY Charting Neural Crest Cell Improving the Bond: An e Use of 3D Treatment Planning Di erentiation Interview with Dr. Silas Duarte in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Robbie Berger & Evan Nahigian Katie Schwartz & Yagnik Patel Omar Kholaki & Ali Salehpour Research DaY Abstracts
38 Faculty 40 Advanced Specialty Program Residents 4 43 Dental Hygiene From the Dean 44 Graduate Post-Doctoral Trainees Avishai Sadan, DMD, MBA Dean 48 Graduate Pre-Doctoral Candidates Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC 49 Biokinesology and Physical erapy Candidates 50 Biokinesology and Physical erapy Students 54 Occupational Science and Occupational erapy Students 56 Undergraduate DDS Students - 8 Basic Sciences Welcome to Research Day 58 Undergraduate DDS Students - Clinical Sciences Yang Chai, DDS, PhD Associate Dean of Research 60 Others Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC Research Day Research Day Research Day Schedule of Events Keynote Speaker Awards Biographies 34 35 36
16 Division Articles 18 Dental Hygiene Collaboration in Oral Health Research Kristine Hong, Catherine Tan & Rasha Dubuni 22 Periodontology Trailblazing the Evolution of Modern Day Periodontology PEDIATRIC Dentistry Emil Simanian & Shant Aharonian Children’s Health and Maintenance Project (CHAMP) 24 Special Patients Soo Lee & Hoang-Anh Tran Develping a Dentist’s Role in HIV Diagnosis and Treatment Planning Jonathan Nguyen 20 28 Biomedical Sciences Pro ling the Single Cell: A Closer Look at Cell Populations Christopher Patuwo & Matthias Fallis 32 Physical Therapy Infant Neuromotor Control Orthodontics Dr. Beth Smith Keeping it Simple: Reinventing the Surgical Stent Payal Patel & Ti any Lee Feature Articles 30 26 Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC: Opportunities in the Summer Research Fellow Program Paulina Nguyen & Brent Roberts 29 About the Mrs. T.H. Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational erapy of USC OccupationaL Therapy Harnessing Brain Power for Improved Stroke Credits Rehabilitation Hope Homashige 63 USC Student Research Group (SRG) Dear Colleagues,
Welcome to Research Day 2015! It is always Several groundbreaking translational research exciting to host this annual event celebrating projects at the Ostrow School are helping us the innovative research being conducted by our to shape the future of oral health care. We are students, sta , and faculty. particularly fortunate to have great partners in the Mrs. T.H. Chan Division of Occupational Students at the Herman Ostrow School of Science & Occupational erapy and the Dentistry of USC are privileged to be able to Division of Biokinesiology & Physical erapy, conduct research alongside our expert faculty. allowing us to create new opportunities for our is is a valuable experience that only a few elite students. For example, we are very proud of our research-intense universities are able to o er as faculty members, Dr. Sharon Cermak and Dr. part of dental education. One of our primary José Polido, who have been awarded a grant to missions at USC is to train the next generation study oral health care and sensory sensitivity in to become leaders in science and health care. children from the National Institute of Dental Our students who engage in research are and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of gaining hands-on experience that will bene t Health. is fruitful collaboration demonstrates them throughout their careers and in all their the success we can have when we work together. endeavors. It is our rm belief that exposing our students We at the Ostrow School are committed to to the joys and challenges of research is crucial the development of new faculty and innovative to providing them with added value in their research. In the last few years, we have recruited education at USC. In light of the remarkable some of the best and brightest junior faculty number of outstanding discoveries being members. You will be pleased to know that presented today, it is clear that the future looks our junior faculty members are showing strong bright. Please join me in congratulating all of our signs of success in their career development. For students and researchers on their successes as we example, Dr. Ruchi Bajpai’s innovative work gather to showcase their e orts on Research Day. on epigenetic control of human neural crest formation was recently funded with a new R01 Fight on! grant, which will enable her to lay the foundation for preventing and treating craniofacial birth defects.
Yang Chai, DDS, PhD Professor George and MaryLou Boone Chair in Craniofacial Molecular Biology Associate Dean of Research Director, Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of the University of Southern California
8 USC Student Research Group (SRG) 9 Charting Neural CresT Cell Differentation
By Robbie Berger ‘16 and Evan Nahigian ‘17
he twists and turns that shape the path of life can Dr. Bajpai continued her research at the renowned Wysocka be sudden, extraordinary and displacing. Dr. Ruchi lab at Stanford University. Her research centered on neural Bajpai’s path to her current research at the Center for crest cells and their connection to craniofacial development CraniofacialT and Molecular Biology at USC is an exemplary defects. During the third to fth week of gestation in human account of this. She was educated in India and initially development, neural crest cells begin to rapidly migrate entered university with an interest in mycology. However, throughout the body. ese cells eventually di erentiate Dr. Bajpai’s path veered onto a di erent course when she into various cell types. ey lead to the formation of facial encountered the drosophila y for the rst time. It wasn’t bones, teeth, meningeal covering of the brain, Schwann cells, the y itself that piqued her interest. Instead, its novel DNA melanocytes, and certain heart structures. A class of proteins sequences led her down a path of epigenetic research. called ATP-dependent chromatin remodelers determine whether particular genes are accessible for transcription in As a graduate student at Jawaharlal Nehru University in particular cells. While a postdoctoral fellow, Dr. Bajpai’s New Delhi, Dr. Bajpai co-authored several articles on gene research focused on a particular protein remodeler called expression in drosophila. After graduating with her Ph.D. from CHD7. She discovered that when CHD7 expression the Center for Cellular and Molecular Biology, she accepted was suppressed, fewer neural crest cells migrate during the position of Postdoctoral Fellow at the Burnham Institute development. Conversely, increasing levels of CHD7 and in La Jolla, CA. She began working with human embryonic another distal DNA element, PBAF, have been implicated stem cells (hESCs) and multipotent neural progenitors. in the metastasis of several cancers. is groundbreaking She studied and researched protocols for developing stable research gives hope to the 1 in 10,000 children born each hESC lines that were capable of being tagged by lentilviral year with craniofacial, heart ear, and growth retardation vectors. is uorescent tagging has become a big part of (CHARGE syndrome) and the millions diagnosed with her current research. While at the Burnham Institute, she cancer yearly. helped to characterize a new method for rapid and uniform di erentiation of hESCs into committed neural precursor In 2011, Dr. Bajpai accepted a position at the Herman Ostrow cells (C-NPCs). ese C-NPCs and neural crest cells o er a School of Dentistry of USC as a principal investigator. Her promising avenue for current research. lab’s main focus is the propagation of human embryonic stem cells, their di erentiation into neural crest cells (NCCs),
10 and the epigenetic machinery that guides this process. e analysis is done by extracting chromatin and RNA and then sequencing with Chip-Seq and RNA-seq. Chip-Seq is used to analyze the protein to DNA binding interactions found in the extracted chromatin. Chip-Seq helps to determine exactly where these proteins bind and is especially useful in phenotype abnormalities or defects like CHARGE syndrome. RNA-seq is used to look at the dynamic process of RNA modi cation. It can be used to look at exon/intron boundaries, splicing and transcriptional modi cations and mutations. It is helpful in identifying mutations outside of the coding region in NCC.
In her lab, Dr. Bajpai cultivates a line of lentivirally transduced hESCs that display uorescent reporters, ShRNA for knockdown, and cDNA for analysis of epigenetic regulatory sequences in NCCs. ese hESC and NCC lines can then be implanted in chicken embryos. rough in ovo signaling cues, neural crest cell di erentiation follows. Chicken embryos are an ideal model because they develop outside the body and are accessible for experimental manipulation. She then develops a line of lentivirally transduced neuroblastoma cell lines that display uorescent reporters, ShRNA for knockdown, and cDNA to evaluate the cancer progression. e cells are analyzed with RNAseq, ChIP-seq, in vitro metastasis assays and in ovo assays.
Dr. Bajpai is a pioneer in the stem cell eld. NCC research is promising because it may provide a source for cell replacement therapy. It also provides a model for studying craniofacial disease progression. In addition to her groundbreaking research, Dr. Bajpai runs her lab with ingenuity. She genuinely fosters a positive research and learning environment. She understands her students’ passions and areas of interest and focuses their speci c projects to that interest. For example, students with aspirations to be a surgeon are given assignments requiring ne pipetting and small minute detail. Each month, Dr. Bajpai posts quotes for the direction of the lab. is past months quote was “If you don’t try the outrageous you will not achieve the impossible.” Outside of the innovation in her lab, Dr. Bajpai is also active within her community. Each year, she volunteers at her children’s elementary school by bringing in a chicken embryo to give the children a more tangible view of evolution and development. Dr. Bajpai’s tenacity and character showcase her desire to elucidate the truths and wonders that science has to o er.
USC Student Research Group (SRG) 11 Improving the BOND An interview with Dr. Sillas Duarte r. Sillas Duarte is a world- renowned dentist, scientist and Chair of the Division of Restorative Sciences at the
Restorative Dentistry Restorative D Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC. Dr. Duarte received his dental education at São Paulo State University in Brazil. Subsequently, he obtained both his Master’s degree and Ph.D. in biomaterials at São Paulo State University as well. Early in his educational career, Dr. Duarte was drawn to research – in particular, to advance the way dental materials are biomimetically adapted to tooth structure. He was particularly interested in the “weak link” between restorative materials and the natural tooth structure, which leads to the degradation of the restoration at the seal of the margin. During the beginning of his second year of dental school, Dr. Duarte delved into research on dental biomaterials. With his Ph.D. in hand, Dr. Duarte came to America and further advanced his education with post-doctoral training at the University of Minnesota. After his postdoctoral training, Dr. Duarte taught at Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio. Due to the high quality of his research and overall prominence in the eld, Dr. Duarte was personally recruited to teach at the Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry by our very own Dean Avishai Sadan.
Currently, Dr. Duarte spends most of his time researching bonded dental materials, dental adhesive systems, ceramics and composites. One of 12 Improving By Yagnik Patel ‘16 and Katherine Schwartz ‘17 An interview with Dr. Sillas Duarte
his current avenues of research is his graduate studies and became the clinician but also lab technicians analyzing the bond between adhesive Editor in 2009. Dr. Duarte is the and related specialists. Some of the systems and dentin. Dr. Duarte has 3rd editor of QDT, following in the articles published by USC authors in shown that particular areas at this footsteps of the previous editor, Dean QDT in recent years explore smile interface are highly susceptible to Avishai Sadan. QDT is renowned for modi cation and CAD-CAM. hydrolysis, which over time causes publishing the top clinicians in the expansion and results in decreased world. Its mission is to present the Here at USC, there are currently bonding strength with small spaces most innovative, cutting edge, and eight residents in the Master’s degree of 10-15 nanometers opening up in current research and clinical ndings program in operative dentistry, with the damaged interface. Hydrolysis in esthetic dentistry. Publication in four new residents entering per year. has been determined to be the main this publication is selective, and all e residents are trained and then cause of failure of these interfaces. assigned to speci c research topics. Dr. Duarte’s research is focused on Some of the topics currently being delaying this process. Crucially, investigated are optical properties of he realized that both the material ceramic and composite restoration and the tooth itself contribute to materials, CAD-CAM dentistry the hydrolysis. e hydrodynamic and adhesive interfaces. e optical movement of water inside the properties of a material being tooth and the water present within investigated include its opalescence, the collagen matrix compete with uorescence, translucency and value. polymerization, resulting in poor in ltration of the adhesive and Dr. Duarte explains that his interest subsequently a weaker bond. Dr. in doing something valuable with Duarte’s team works tirelessly to 3-D reconstruction of an adhesive interface his hands coupled with his desire come up with cutting edge solutions showing hydrolysis degradation.(R: Composite to create led him to dentistry and Resin, A: Adhesive Layer, D:Dentin, HL: Hybrid to this problem. One solution that Layer, white arrow: Water Trees) biomaterials research. A major is being considered is incorporating interest of his outside dentistry is hydrophilic materials into the photography. In photographing his adhesive to help delay hydrolysis. articles are reviewed for relevancy dental work, he found that he wanted e addition of antibacterial and accuracy. Some of the most to improve his technical skills and materials might also help forestall current advances in dentistry, such as knowledge in photography. is led secondary decay by preventing the full-mouth esthetic rehabilitations, him to study landscape photography, development of bacterial colonies. veneers, CAD/CAM, and implants, which presents a new set of ese antibacterials will aid in the are topics within QDT’s scope. e challenges regarding composition protection of the interface, even State of e Art section in QDT and lighting. Dr. Duarte is a pillar when an ideal seal is not achieved. highlights the most impressive of the USC dental community and innovations in esthetic dentistry we are beyond fortunate to have Dr. Duarte is the Editor-in-Chief of each year. e publication also such an innovative trendsetter as Quintessence of Dental Technology includes a yearly biomaterials update the gurehead of our Division of (QDT), a prestigious annual that describes the pertinent chemical Restorative Sciences. publication on esthetic dentistry. He and physical properties of the newest became involved with QDT during biomaterials. QDT not only targets 13 THE USE OF
3-D TRE ATMENT in ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIALPLANNING SURGERY
putting emphasis on improving the oral surgery rotation for the students in general, I am also dedicated to improving the Figure 1. Dr. Jack Lytle, DDS, MD & Dr. Natalie Tung, DDS, MD Oral Surgery Selective for those interested in OMFS and to better prepare them as applicants for residency.” Dr. Tung further stresses her commitment to providing USC students OS ANGELES – With a welcomed return to with an advantage when applying to the highly competitive Southern California, Dr. Natalie Tung, DDS, MD, is specialty, stating, “We will and should match more USC a valuable new addition to the revamped USC Oral students into OMFS residency programs.” and Maxillofacial Surgery program, led by Dr. Mark Urata, L OMFS has a rich history and continues to attract students DDS, MD. With her appointment as the pre-doctoral Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMFS) clinic director, Dr. Tung with a passion for the medical and dental management of has inspired many students with her dedication to education orofacial injuries, pathology, and developmental deformities. and commitment to clinical excellence. After earning her With current developments in contemporary medical Bachelor of Arts degree with honors at the University of technology, Dr. Tung is con dent that future OMFS California, Berkeley, she completed her dental education at residency programs will incorporate exciting innovation the University of California, Los Angeles, where she received to their respective curricula – namely, minimally invasive her DDS degree with Magna Cum Laude honors. Dr. Tung surgeries and 3-D printing technology. Dr. Tung notes, “In then matriculated into Harvard/Massachusetts General the future, I can see OMFS residents doing more minimally Hospital’s combined six-year OMFS-MD residency. invasive procedures such as those involving the use of endoscopes and smaller incisions. In addition, 3-D treatment Dr. Tung states that “[Harvard/Massachusetts General planning for orthognathic surgery and reconstruction will Hospital] is one of the most challenging training programs become the standard of care, and residents most likely and provides full-scope OMFS training. In particular, we will no longer be doing much actual model surgery as that performed many surgeries on facial trauma, orthognathic, would be done on the computer.” 3-D printing and medical TMJ, head and neck infections, pathology, pediatric modeling have advanced in both dentistry (CAD/CAM) anomalies, and minimally invasive oral and maxillofacial and medicine. Historically, a surgeon would have little time surgery such as distraction osteogenesis, sialoendoscopy, for preoperative preparation – the practitioner would resort and endoscope-assisted condylar fracture repairs.” Dr. Tung to planning osteotomies and plate-bending reconstructions brings her experiences to the pre-doctoral clinic and her intraoperatively. Now, a 3-D computed tomographic (CT) broad scope of practice to the clinic oor. Her commitment image can be rendered on a computer to reconstruct the to comprehensive patient care has proven to be a refreshing orofacial structure. From this reconstruction, a 3-D model change amongst rotating students as they gain exposure to the is printed and surgical cutting guides are fabricated for eld of OMFS. “My focus is de nitely dental students. Even resection. Remarkably, the reconstruction plate can be bent though many students will not become oral surgeons, I want preoperatively for precision. is allows for substantially them to be comfortable with dentoalveolar procedures and reduced intraoperative time, as surgeons will no longer have to know the scope of practice of an OMFS surgeon. Besides to bend plates in the operating room. Rather, they simply
14 THE USE OF
3-D TRE ATMENT in ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIALPLANNING SURGERY By Omar Kholaki ‘16 and Ali Salehpour ‘17
1 (right): Preoperative anatomy recreated with CT imaging. 3 (below): Cutting jig for the proposed osteotomy fabricated using adequate surgical margins .
Figure 2. Dr. Natalie Tung, DDS, MD, (third from left): Intraoperative photograph at Harvard/ Massachusetts General Hospital (2014). 2 (above): Reconstruction plate customized for anticipated surgical 4 (left): Final resection of resection. simulated model. make small modi cations to pre-bent reconstruction plates as necessary. Moreover, using preoperative anatomy can help Medical modeling used in the resection of a mandibular streamline preoperative and postoperative ameloblastoma. esthetics and symmetry, allowing for more predictable outcomes. Current limitations in this technology exist in both duration and time; there is a long manufacturing time and a substantial associated cost. However, as mentioned, these limitations can often be o set by increased intraoperative e ciency.
USC Student Research Group (SRG) 15 Children’s Health and Maintenance Project {CHAMP} Increasing access TO Dental Care
By Soo Lee ‘16 and Hoang-Anh Tran ‘16
ccess to dental care for young children remains a problem in California and throughout the United States. e lack of access to dental care among disadvantagedA children contributes signi cantly to their poor oral health. In 2000, the U.S. Surgeon General reported that underserved children face a “silent epidemic” in oral health, with dental caries being the most common chronic childhood disease. According to research by Drs. Roseann Mulligan, Hazem Seirawan, and Sharon Faust of the Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC in 2011, nearly three out of every four underprivileged children from the 2-5, 6-8 and 14-16 year old age groups in Los Angeles (LA) County have untreated dental decay, with 81% of children needing dental care. A follow-up study in 2012 reported that children with tooth pain are almost 4 times more likely to have a low grade point average. Moreover, 58 and 80 school hours are missed due to dental problems annually per every 100 elementary and high school students, respectively, with the sample’s parents averaging 2.5 absent days from work or school per year due to their children’s dental problems.
Dr. Mulligan and her research team are the rst to publish a comprehensive report of dental caries among disadvantaged children of LA County investigating the associated social determinants of oral health. e study describes the physical and psychosocial barriers that prevent this population from seeking early dental education, prevention and treatment, which include the knowledge, cultural and behavioral patterns of underserved populations (such as the lack of dietary and dental education, transportation, and childcare). Furthermore, this study was instrumental in identifying the correlation between dental pain (due to neglect, unawareness, and lack of access to dental care) and performance in school.
To help reduce these barriers, the Children’s Health and Maintenance Program (CHAMP) was developed. e Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC was awarded an $18.4 million grant from First 5 LA, a non-pro t 16 informed and educated about oral health care, the hope is that regular well-baby visits will include regular dental visits as soon as the rst tooth erupts.
e heart of CHAMP is raising awareness through dental care outreach and education. Ms. Aguilar reports that CHAMP has already developed community relationships and partnered with 9 federally quali ed community centers in order to provide medical and dental services for CHAMP participants. USC CHAMP is also expanding to provide direct restorative services every year to approximately 800 children in foster care who receive medical care through the Violence Intervention Program (VIP) at LAC+USC Medical Center. Furthermore, USC has added two additional spots in organization that allocates state tobacco tax revenues to fund its postdoctoral pediatric dentistry residency program with health care, education and child development programs for the goal of inspiring more students to enter the specialty and children up to age 5. Other dental schools in the County to improve care the underserved community of LA County. were also recipients of First 5 LA grants, with USC having Dr. Mulligan emphasized the importance of using this multi- the most ambitious goal: to care for the dental health needs dimensional approach in order “to promote oral health and of over 45,000 children in the East LA, Central LA, South reduce the individual and societal burden of dental caries in LA and South Bay regions over the next ve years. LA county.”
CHAMP is now in its second year of operation. e To learn more about USC CHAMP, visit www.champ-usc. USC CHAMP team is composed of a diverse group of net. USC faculty, sta , and students including dental and health care professionals, “promotoras” (primarily Latino health educators), and social workers (unique to the USC CHAMP model). ese teams visit Women, Infants and Children (WIC) centers, Head Start centers, day cares, and other community facilities throughout LA County to provide dental screenings, oral health education, and other community resources to families of children 0 to 5 years of age. In addition, teams assess dental treatment needs, assist families enrolling in insurance programs and nding dental homes, cooperate with community dental centers in order to provide dental care under sedation, and train dentists and other healthcare professionals in providing preventive services and dental care to very young children. Although CHAMP currently stands as a 5-year service project and research model, CHAMP administration is looking forward toward the project’s sustainability. USC is working on a model of billing DentiCal for preventive dental services in the eld in order to keep the CHAMP project sustainable after the grant terminates in February 2018.
One of the main reasons for the high prevalence of poor oral health in underserved children is lack of dental knowledge and awareness. “We want families to change their behavior and know that going to the dentist on a regular basis is good for prevention of disease, instead of going only when it hurts,” states USC CHAMP Program Administrator Eleanor Aguilar. Many parents are unaware that establishing good oral habits even for primary teeth is critical for the developing dentition and for overall health. Once parents are USC Student Research Group (SRG) 17 Collaboration in Oral Health Research
By Kristine Hong ‘16, Catherine Tan ‘16, and Rasha Dubuni ‘18
18 Dental Hygiene
n today’s world, we have become accustomed to having Center for Dental Hygiene and Practice (NCDHRP) in a wealth of knowledge easily accessible to us online. We 1993. As part of the grant, 20 teams comprised of clinicians, can communicate with our peers and colleagues locally, educators and researchers from universities throughout Inationally, and globally with only a few keystrokes. Imagine the country were formed. Together, these teams attended a the days before everyone had his or her own email address, Summer Research Institute program to learn how to conduct when the Internet was something that was not yet used by theory-based research. students or dental professionals. Jane Forrest, RDH, EdD, saw the potential of the then-novel invention called the Dr. Forrest has continued to advance this mission as the World Wide Web and wanted to use it to expand research Director of the NCDHRP. e online home base for the collaboration to improve practice both here at the Herman NCDHRP is the DHNet, which serves as a central repository, Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC and nationally, through providing reliable resources for dental professionals and the National Center for Dental Hygiene Research & Practice. students alike to access a broad range of topics on education, research and practice. One aspect that currently is being e Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry is yet again a updated is an interface, known as a research collaboratory, pioneer in the dental eld though its curriculum that teaches to facilitate discussion and sharing of research among students to access scienti c information e ciently, enabling colleagues. Dr. Forrest created the DHNet with a special these future clinicians to make informed decisions using interest in building a research community of dental hygienists an evidence-based decision-making (EBDM) process when to improve the oral health of the public and to promote the treating patients. Dr. Forrest has been dedicated to bringing translation of research evidence so that it is meaningful and evidence-based dentistry to the clinic since 2000, when she useful in dental hygiene education and practice. rst received a federal grant to integrate EBDM into the dental hygiene, occupational therapy and physical therapy Dr. Forrest and Dr. Ann Spolarich, the NCDHRP’s curricula. Here at USC, all of the DDS students know her Associate Director, have been integral in building and well as an excellent resource on how to become an evidence- fostering the research community through organizing three based clinician. She teaches the Evidence Based Dentistry North American/Global Dental Hygiene Dental Research and Behavioral Dentistry modules, in which students Conferences since 2009, strategically in Bethesda, MD, practice e ectively utilizing web-based scienti c databases, close to the NIH. e most recent conference in October such as PubMed, as research tools. Using evidence-based 2014, “Beyond the Boundaries: Discovery, Innovation research can have extensive clinical applications, improving and Transformation,” provided an opportunity for dental the clinician’s ability to decide which innovative new hygiene researchers from throughout the world to convene techniques or procedures to practice, which dental materials and explore commonalities in their research interests, learn to use, or which oral hygiene products to recommend for from each other about new and ongoing research programs, maximum e cacy. Today, evidence-based knowledge and and foster future collaborations. Forrest and Spolarich also skills are required standards for both dental and dental coordinated a pre-conference meeting of the American, hygiene education as identi ed by the ADA Commission on Canadian and International Dental Hygiene Association’s Dental Accreditation and the ADEA guidelines for entry into leadership to discuss strategic plans, research priorities and the professions. Dental schools are responsible for teaching how to coordinate research e orts in a purposeful way using students how to stay up-to-date with new technology, current the limited resources of each individual association. research, and scienti c ndings in order to provide the most appropriate treatment for patients. e EBDM process also Dr. Forrest has been on the cutting edge of sharing knowledge serves as the foundation for becoming a good consumer of and the dental community should continue to look to her the research literature and a life-long learner. for future innovations advancing education and practice through research collaboration. is emphasis on highly valuable research skills was initiated through a federal grant which established the National
USC Student Research Group (SRG) 19 Keeping It Simple Reinventing the Surgical Stent
By Payal Patel ‘16 & Tiffany Lee ‘16
Figure 1. Frontal view of the surgical stent
Figure 2. Occlusal view of surgical stent with voids where contact exists between teeth.
20 echnology is rapidly growing and developing, drastically seated correctly into the stent. is can lead to post-surgical changing our everyday lives. Dr. Ryan Hungate, a third malocclusion. Discrepancies in the teeth seating in the stent year orthodontic resident at the Herman Ostrow School translate to discrepancies in the outcome of the orthognathic ofT Dentistry of USC, is in the vanguard of utilizing technology surgery. Such deviation from the predicted surgical outcome to make everyday practices more e cient. leads to unncessary modi cations in the orthodontic treatment and increased treatment time post surgery. Utilizing the same Dr. Hungate observed that dental school clinics were plagued 3D printers that fabricated the traditional stents, Dr. Hungate with ine ciencies. Students were constantly removing gloves or designed a stent that lls in the negative space. Dr. Hungate going back and forth between the computer and their patient. described this negative space as the space that exists outside of He also found that doctors spend anywhere from 30-50% of normal tripodization contacts when teeth are in occlusion. He their day accessing their electronic health records. To combat created a stent that allows for proper occlusion and therefore this, he brainstormed ways to create a computer-interface that increases the accuracy in seating the teeth and jaw positioning increases chair time e ciency. Two years ago, when the concept during orthognathic surgery (Figure 4). Working in conjunction of Google Glass was revealed, he nally thought it was feasible. with Dr. Robert Relle, an oral and maxillofacial surgeon, and He worked with Dr. John Pham and Vince Nguyen to integrate Dr. Dan Grauer, a faculty member in the USC orthodontics Google Glass with di erent dental software to improve existing department, they applied this stent in six orthognathic surgery electronic health records. ey pitched the idea to a Google cases. ey found a up to a three-fold increase in the accuracy of competition, which provided them with Google Glasses to the immediate postoperative occlusion. is increased accuracy initiate their project. Comparing it to the Marvel Comic’s leads to a more predictable and ideal result, which in turn, “J.A.R.V.I.S.” from Iron Man, Dr. Hungate described this facilitates a more e cient post-orthodontic treatment. Prior system as voice activated, capable of displaying the dentist’s to this idea, rigid xation with braces and rubber bands were schedule, chart, x-rays or patient demonstration videos on placed for surgery. However, with the improved accuracy of the demand, and coordinated by chair location. In the future, the new stent, braces can be removed prior to surgery for increased system will even help to dictate patient notes. Dr. Hungate and patient comfort and to harness the rapid acceleratory
Figure 3 (left). Traditional stent with open bite present
Figure 4 (right). Stent fabricated to ll in negative space, allowing for proper occlusion.
his partners named this system “ARO”. It can be integrated phenomenon postsurgery. is phenomenon entails taking with all wearable devices like the Android and Apple watches. advantage of the physiology of swelling and in ammation after rough clinical trials in di erent private practices, they found surgery to orthodontically move teeth faster. e predictable that with ARO, practitioners could see six patients in the time it result through the use of this stent makes it feasible to produce normally takes to see ve patients. Continuing the innovation, Invisalign trays ahead of time and place them two weeks post- ARO and Google Glass are being combined with dental loupes surgery. is represents an advantage over the six weeks that to reduce cross contamination and eliminate the nuisances that would normally be required post-surgery for the conventional come with wearing loupes. is includes hands-free, voice maxillomandibular xation wire method. Dr. Hungate hopes activated light control and easy removal of the magnifying lens. that the advent of this new 3D printed stent will simplify the Incorporating a small wirelessly charging battery behind the technique for oral surgeons and therefore facilitate orthognathic neck also eliminates the hanging light wire. With the advent treatment options for more patients. of ARO, Dr. Hungate is making a positive impact on practice management. He has championed the concept of improving roughout his endeavors as an orthodontic resident, Dr. workplace e ciency throughout his tenure in residency. Hungate has incorporated new ideas with existing technology and materials to simplify dental practices. His goal in creating Another aspect of orthodontics he aims to improve upon such innovations is to improve the dental experience for patients is the disconnect between oral surgeons and the referring and increase e ciency for practitioners. With the innovations orthodontists. Dr Hungate noticed that often an orthodontists of ARO and the newly formulated stent, he made it possible for would refer a patient for orthognathic surgery, only to nd the patients to spend less time in the chair and be provided with nal results less than ideal. e traditional surgical stent used the most predictable treatment possible. to guide the placement of the jaws during surgery (Figure 3) creates an open bite, making it di cult to see if the teeth are USC Student Research Group (SRG) 21 Trailblazing the Evolution of Modern Day Periodontology
By Emil J. Simanian ‘17 and Shant Aharonian ‘17
Dr. Zadeh (5th from the left) poses with his advanced periodontal residents and colleagues.
22 Trailblazing the Evolution of Modern Day
r. Homayoun Zadeh is the Director of the Postdoctoral been promising. e USC Advanced Periodontology department Advanced Periodontology program at the Herman hopes to apply this revolutionary treatment in a clinical setting in Ostrow School of Dentistry and the Laboratory for the near future. Dr. Zadeh’s enthusiasm for research is apparent as DImmunoregulation and Tissue Engineering (LITE) at USC, and he explains that “once you see how the clinical and the research By Emil J. Simanian ‘17 and Shant Aharonian ‘17 also maintains a private practice. Dr. Zadeh was initially attracted to and the scienti c side can really go hand in hand, that’s what makes the eld of periodontology due to its strong biological involvement, it quite exciting, to see that one can feed into the other.” Moving vital research integration, and ability to provide comprehensive forward, Dr. Zadeh and his research team will be working with care. A leading researcher in periodontology for decades, his an animal model to study the pathogenesis of bio lms associated current focus within the Department of Periodontology at USC with peri-implantitis. is bone regeneration and the pathophysiology of bio lm-induced infection, along with the resulting immune response such infection Clinically, the eld has made tremendous strides as well, using produces in the host. technologies that periodontists could not have imaged a mere ten years ago. “With the many advancements in digital technology, What separates Dr. Zadeh from most periodontists is his passion this is a great time to be a clinician,” says Dr. Zadeh. He further to contribute to the evolution of the specialty through clinical states that “from the time of examination, diagnosis, treatment research. Dr. Zadeh reports that “the basis of clinical practice is planning, and to the point of surgery and restoration, there are a scienti c evidence that is provided, but at the same time if you variety of new tools available.” One example is the traditional use are a clinician and treating patients, you are in the best position of study casts poured in dental stone, which has been a hallmark to identify what are the signi cant problems that you have in of diagnosis and treatment planning throughout the evolution of your eld. I think when one individual is involved with both the modern dentistry. rough the integration of computer so ware clinical and scienti c area, then you have the insight into what and oral scanners, teeth can now be modeled and manipulated in areas of scienti c questions should be pursued.” Much like other a digital environment to t both the clinician and patient needs. dental specialties, periodontology has undergone signi cant Incorporating these di erent technologies has allowed novel advancements in the last few decades. At the start of Dr. Zadeh’s approaches to provide basic periodontal care as well as complex career, a time when understanding basic pathogenesis and etiology surgical procedures. Upon treatment planning a dental implant, was heavily emphasized, biological concepts were the focus of the periodontal faculty and residents can import the patient’s existing department. Today, these ndings are being utilized in patient tooth structure into their own personalized cone beam computed care at USC’s Advanced Periodontology clinic, with the ultimate tomography (CBCT) scan. is is especially useful since CBCT goal of better long-term outcomes for patients. An example of scans do not accurately and predictably duplicate teeth that have these advancements that Dr. Zadeh has been overseeing involves been restored with metal, o en generating a scattered appearance. using a number of growth factors, such as platelet-derived growth Merging the digital study casts with the CBCT ultimately provides factors, which have been developed and approved for periodontal a view of the teeth and the surrounding structures that is ideal for regeneration. Enamel matrix derivative, a product of the research periodontal treatment planning. is three-dimensional imaging done at the Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology at USC, technique allows for greater evaluation of the patient’s anatomy, is another growth factor being studied within the periodontal bone contour, and existing pathology prior to any surgical department that has shown great potential. Dr. Zadeh describes intervention. Aside from allowing the clinician and patient to research as “one of those aspects that once you get involved and visually anticipate potential pitfalls of the treatment, more and you really have an understanding of what the process involves, it more patients can now take a hands-on approach in developing can actually infect you with a bug that gets you really hooked.” their overall periodontal treatment plan. By having the entire treatment process managed in a digital environment, ultimately Dr. Zadeh has recently collaborated with his colleague, Dr. Casey the goal is for these tools to be used by all dental professionals for Chen, to develop a novel technique for tissue regeneration. e a more e cient collaborative input. conventional approach for tissue regeneration involves introducing exogenous growth factors to a speci c region to mediate a certain Although there have been exciting technological advancements function. Once this function has been established, the growth in the eld and vast improvements in clinical outcomes, what factors are no longer required and slowly di use out of the tissue. Dr. Zadeh nds the most satisfying in his profession is sharing is technique, although well-established, is not practical, as it his knowledge and experience with the talented residents within requires large amounts of growth factors which are very costly. his department. He believes that “the most rewarding aspect e solution that Dr. Zadeh’s team has developed involves the is working with the residents who are in training. ey are the utilization of antibodies that attract endogenous mediators, such future of our profession and they are the ones who will be the as bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP-2), to promote the healing bene ciary of the research that is being done, and the technical process. e antibodies capture and concentrate BMP-2 that is developments that are taking place.” e residents within the naturally produced by the body, holding it in position to mediate Postdoctoral Advanced Periodontology program at the Herman bone repair. is therapeutic approach has been has been tested on Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC are fortunate to have such an a number of pre-clinical animal models, and so far the results have esteemed colleague and mentor. USC Student Research Group (SRG) 23 ccording to the Centers for Disease Control and HIV patients or even o er rapid HIV tests in their practice. Prevention (CDC), it is estimated that over 1.1 million However, according to a 2011 survey conducted at the USC people live with the Human Immunode ciency Virus School of Dentistry, of patients who have not been tested (HIV)A while 50,000 people are newly infected each year. before for HIV, 62.6% were willing to be tested in a dental More than 6,400 individuals were diagnosed with HIV in visit. In addition, a third of graduating dental students were California alone in 2010. Los Angeles is the most populated willing to perform rapid HIV testing in one study. Despite metropolitan city in California and, as of 2012, has 45,474 these mutual positive attitudes, dental practitioners end up people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA)—making Los not implementing these services due to a lack of education Angeles home to the second highest population of PLWHA and patient management skills. Dr. Lisa Hou, Assistant in the US. Of course, this statistic only represents diagnosed Professor of Clinical Dentistry, explains, “Because of the lack cases of HIV/AIDS. It is estimated that approximately 18% of of exposure, students are often wary about treating patients HIV-positive individuals are undiagnosed and contribute 3-7 with HIV. erefore, students should be educated in safe times more to transmission of HIV than individuals aware treatment and any potential dental modi cations to remove of their HIV-positive status. e search for this undiagnosed any sense of doubt or lingering stigma associated with HIV. fraction of PLWHA should be the goal for all dental and After the Special Patient Clinic, students understand how healthcare professionals alike in order to lower new HIV various complex medical conditions a ect oral health and infections. gain con dence in managing these patients accordingly.” By exposing students to HIV-positive patients, the Special Fortunately, Drs. Piedad Suarez-Durall, Phuu P. Han and Patient Clinic hopes to desensitize students to any HIV- Lisa Hou of the Special Patients Clinic at the Herman related fears they may have and make them more comfortable Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC are able to share their discussing HIV and treating oral conditions associated with insights into how the dental o ce can become a key player HIV. Dr. Han summarizes, “Education, building trust and in the diagnosis and treatment of HIV. Dr. Suarez-Durall, having open communication with the patients are great ways Assistant Professor of Clinical Dentistry and Section Chair of enhancing dental care for HIV/AIDS patients.” of Geriatrics and Special Patients explains, “Early detection of HIV infection provides an opportunity for transmission Currently, HIV-positive patients treated in the Special reduction and lifesaving treatment strategies.” In addition Patient Clinic are sponsored by programs under the Ryan to its resistance against the human body’s immune system, White Grant—the largest federal program to help PLWHA HIV’s success in establishing itself as one of the most gain access to appropriate healthcare services. As part of their infectious diseases in human history can be attributed to the access to medical care and medications, patients covered by population of HIV-infected individuals who are unaware of this grant are required to obtain dental care because the oral their seropositive status. is fraction of PLWHA is several cavity provides a reservoir of opportunistic pathogens and a times more likely to transmit HIV, which not only increases site for several HIV-related morbidities. “HIV/AIDS patients the population of unaware HIV-positive individuals but also are considered to be immunocompromised and as dentists, we creates a safe hiding place for the virus. erefore, an e ective should watch out for potential comorbidities associated with strategy to lowering the number of new HIV infections is the disease,” says Dr. Hou. “In addition to oral hygiene, dental to make everyone aware of their HIV status. While it may students are expected to educate patients on HIV-associated appear as a simple task, there are still various barriers, such oral conditions so that they can be on the look out.” as access to healthcare and social stigma, which perpetuate HIV’s presence in our communities. Fortunately, patients who are funded by the Ryan White Grant have access to medical care and highly active antiretroviral e Special Patient Clinic sees the dental clinic as the perfect therapy (HAART) medications. As a result, dental opportunity to address these problems. Dr. Phuu P. Han, practitioners rarely see these conditions because the patients’ Assistant Professor of Clinical Dentistry, reveals that the clinic viral loads are low and their CD4 counts are at a competent embodies “the international theme for World AIDS Day…set level. Outside of the special patients clinic, however, dental out by the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS practitioners often encounter patients who are already (UNAIDS)—‘Getting to Zero’—[which aims for] zero new diagnosed and medically treated. For dental professionals, it HIV infections, zero discrimination and zero AIDS-related is therefore important to be on the look out for these lesions deaths.” Social stigma remains as a two-way street because in all patients, since there are HIV-infected patients who are HIV positive patients become afraid of discrimination in the unaware of their status or have had their status change without dental o ce while dental practitioners are reluctant to treat their knowledge. In regards to the unaware or uncontrolled Special Patient Clinic: Developing a Dentist’s Role in HIV Diagnosis and Treatment 24 patient, Dr. Han explains, “ e most common oral lesions Unfortunately, HIV is still surrounded by many fears and seen in HIV/AIDS patients are di erent types of Candida is not traditionally addressed in the dental o ce. However, infection, especially the pseudomembranous type. Linear the presence of HIV-associated oral lesions and the patient’s gingival erythema, acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis and immunocompromised medical condition manifest are acute necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis are also oral lesions important for dental professionals. Oral health providers found in patients with low CD4 counts.” Additionally, herpes have the unique opportunity to work with both diagnosed simplex, cytomegalovirus and herpes zoster outbreaks are and undiagnosed HIV-positive patients. e Special Patient associated with low CD4 count. It becomes the duty of dental Clinic aims to place oral health providers at the forefront of care providers to be aware of these particular lesions associated diagnosis and treatment for HIV patients as their contribution with low CD4 counts and to be suspicious of their patients’ to ‘Getting to Zero.’ current HIV statuses. Patient management also becomes a crucial tool, since as Dr. Suarez warns, “not all infections are speci c of HIV patients which is why you have to be careful in the way that [dental practitioners] approach the patients and determine if the patient is at high risk to acquire the condition.”
If clinical judgment suggests that the patient may have HIV, then the dental visit becomes an opportunity for the dental professional and patient to discuss HIV and the patient’s current medical status. In fact, a 2005 National Health Survey revealed that 50% of patients who had not seen their primary doctor in the previous year disclosed that they had seen an oral health provider in the same time frame. erefore, dental practitioners have an even greater potential to aid in the diagnosis of HIV. Oral health providers can refer patients to the appropriate resources, such as testing facilities or their physicians, or o er rapid oral HIV testing in their o ce. While providers may feel skeptical about o ering HIV testing to their patients or the reliability of the tests, these are outdated fears. As previously mentioned, two thirds of Dr. Lisa Hou (above) & Dr. Phuu P. Han (below) patients who have not previously been tested for HIV have expressed a desire to undergo testing. In addition, rapid oral HIV tests such as OraQuick Advance have shown remarkable sensitivity levels (>98%) that rival the standard serum enzyme immunoassays. As a model practice, the Special Patient Clinic has partnered with the Dental Hygiene Clinic to o er free rapid oral HIV testing for patients. Sta members Carolina Maradiaga and Jaime Montoya have been conducting the HIV tests for willing patients since September 2013. e OraQuick Advance Rapid HIV-1/2 Antibody test is currently used in the clinic and only takes 20 minutes to produce results. If patients test positive, then a second test is conducted to eliminate false positives. Patients who test positive in the Dental Hygiene clinic are referred to resources such as their physician or HIV counseling programs. Whether a patient is considered to be at high risk or not, “the ability to o er HIV testing in the dental setting breaks down misconceptions between students and patients,” says Ms. Maradiaga. Both the Special Patient and Dental Hygiene Clinics hope to further improve the HIV testing program to navigate through this intersection of HIV and oral health.
Special Patient Clinic: By Johnathan Nguyen ‘17 Developing a Dentist’s Role in HIV Diagnosis and Treatment USC Student Research Group (SRG) 25 Feature Article Opportunities in the By Paulina Nguyen ‘18 and Brent Roberts ‘18
s dental students, we are often overcome by the that most students don't get to experience. It helps to immense load of laboratory work or juggling sharpen your mind and reinforce some of the essential patient treatments and get caught up in the topics that are discussed in science today.” dailyA hectic routine of dental school. Students tackle the demands of a dental curriculum by mastering biomedical Students who enter the program come from a wide variety sciences, preclinical laboratory classes, and patient of backgrounds. e D.D.S. program boasts one of the procedures, and by preparing for national exams. e most varied student demographics in the country, both in Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry teaches its students terms of cultural and academic backgrounds. e Summer to ask questions constantly and seek the answers to our Research Fellow Program aims to tap into this diversity curiosities in a problem-solving environment. e School and o ers incoming students from any background the has developed and successfully maintained this learner- opportunity to participate in high quality research as well centered approach to education for many years. Other as insight into the often-overlooked eld of academic schools mimic this learning style, yet USC maintains dentistry. its reputation at the top. e problem-based academic education combined with clinical hands-on skills place Whereas some students have been involved with research students in an environment that values and nurtures both since high school or college and are looking to continue critical thinking and practical abilities. ese skills can be their passion while in dental school, many others have directly applied to upcoming research projects in dentistry. no prior research experience and apply simply because it Cutting edge research in areas such as oral biology, provides an opportunity to act on a long-time personal craniofacial molecular biology, and tooth morphogenesis interest. Weston Grimes, a rst year dental student who has led to innovative technologies and the discovery of new was a Summer Research Fellow in 2014, already had ideas. Although students may hesitate to become involved three years of research experience in molecular biology. in research amongst their numerous other responsibilities, He stated, “I wanted to get a better understanding of the research at USC can foster an environment for students new areas being pursued within the dental community to develop laboratory and critical thinking skills while and how I could participate with research in the future.” gaining opportunities to present innovative projects both ose who are accepted into the program work closely nationally and internationally. with faculty and may be considered for future research training. Fellows whose interests continue to expand e Summer Research Fellow Program o ers a unique during the program may begin to consider careers in opportunity for incoming DDS students to participate academic dentistry or explore graduate programs in the directly in high-quality research alongside renowned biomedical sciences, options that are often overlooked by research professors, prior to their freshman year. is prospective dentists. program began in 2010, and was created by the Associate Dean of Research with the aims of helping new students Recruitment for the program begins as part of the develop an interest in research experience and providing welcoming information package for incoming D.D.S. an introduction to the wider academic side of dentistry freshmen. In early spring, applications to the Summer by integration of research. Mark Choe, a current rst year Research Fellow Program are sent out to students who dental student, completed this program last summer and have accepted their o er of admission to the Ostrow expressed, “it adds another dimension to dental school School of Dentistry. Applications are due by the end of
26 Summer Research Fellow Program By Paulina Nguyen ‘18 and Brent Roberts ‘18
the spring trimester. Accepted applications are passed on to faculty who are interested in having Fellows help with their current research projects. Students are expected to commit to ten to twelve weeks of full-time research work, in addition to any required training and certi cation that may be required. e program starts in the beginning of summer and runs until the middle of August just before orientation week for dental school. Approximately four to ve students are accepted per year and placed into research centers such as the Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, the Oral Biology Group, and the Center for Esthetic and Biomimetic Restorative Dentistry.
By the end of the program, students have gained insight into the world of academic dentistry, and have the option to continue research on either ongoing or new projects. e program serves as a stepping stone for students who wish to become involved with academic dentistry. Students also receive credit for publications to which they have contributed, and have the opportunity to present their ndings at the Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC’s Annual Research Day, as well as at national and international conferences. e Summer Research Fellow Program is an excellent starting point to gain new skills as well as a new perspective on the importance of one’s own contributions to the scienti c and dental communities.
For students who may have missed the application deadline or are trying to determine whether to apply for next year, there are presentations every Friday on USC’s Health Sciences Campus at the Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology that are open to students. At these events, current graduate students defend their theses, and both USC-based and visiting researchers present their work in progress. Occasionally, there are also video conferences with groups at other top universities. Potential, future, and current students interested in more information about the Summer Research Fellows Program can contact Donna Castillo at: [email protected].
USC Student Research Group (SRG) 27 Profiling the Single Cell A Closer Look at Cell Populations By Christopher Patuwo ‘16 and Matthias Fallis ‘17
magine conducting a population study of Los Angeles and In one study, Dr. Zhong’s group performed single-cell trying to compare how much money people make, where molecular analysis to isolate whole genome transcriptomes they live, their age distribution, and other variables. After from individual cells within a heterogeneous population Icollecting the necessary information from individuals, this data of mesenchymal stem cells. Mesenchymal stem cells have is aggregated and usually averaged to provide a quick glimpse intriguing applications in regenerative medicine because of of the overall population. Yet, some of the individuals could their ability to di erentiate into di erent types of tissues. us, have a very di erent status from the average. For this reason, accurate molecular characterization of these cells is desirable considering only the average individual could be misleading in to pinpoint cells with varying developmental potential in a dictating public policy. population. By comparing the single cell mRNA expression pro les at consecutive developmental stages, Dr. Zhong’s group e same logic can be applied to the study of cell populations, is able to classify di erent cells into molecular subpopulations. especially in considering highly e hope is that these subpopulations can heterogeneous populations such as tumors serve to characterize cells in the absence of or developing tissues. Traditional methods known biomarkers. for molecular pro ling of cell lysates (which represent a mixture and physical Another area of application of Dr. Zhong’s average of the cell populations) measure work is in the clinical diagnosis of cancer. A only the average parameters of a cell tumor represents a heterogeneous population population. Such results cannot recognize of cells possibly with mixed origins and the di erences among individual cells. with varying propensities to metastasize. Instead, the data are interpreted under e diagnostic goal in analyzing single- the assumption that all individual cells cell transcriptomes is the ability to identify are well represented by the average. It is expression signatures in circulating tumor increasingly evident that this assumption is cells which are rare in blood and use these to not true and that there are certain levels of dictate prognosis and treatment. is process heterogeneity present in cell populations. would not only clarify diagnosis of tumors, Focusing on elucidating this heterogeneity, but also allow for collection of samples via a Dr. John Zhong and his lab have developed and optimized blood draw, a minimally invasive procedure. micro uidic devices to pro le individual cells. For Dr. Zhong, the upcoming move from the Zilkha e micro uidic devices developed by Dr. Zhong’s research Neurogenetic Institute to the Herman Ostrow School of team shrink the molecular biology reactions normally done in Dentistry of USC represents a chance to explore a new avenue the centrifuge tube and with pipettes down to the picoliter of applications for single cell studies: microbiology. After setting scale, which is suitable for accurately studying single cells. up his new lab, Dr. Zhong hopes that future collaborations From there, Dr. Zhong explains, “the applications of the new at the Ostrow School will facilitate exploration of single cell perspective provided by single cell pro les are numerous, from molecular pro ling in the context of microbial pathogens such lineage determination in early development and organogenesis as HIV and oral bacteria as well as cancer biology. to clinical diagnostics in tumor prognosis.” 28 015 marks the rst Research Day for the newly named USC Mrs. T.H. Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational erapy, one of eight 2academic divisions housed at the Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC. In September 2014, USC Trustee Ronnie C. Chan MBA ’76 and his wife, Barbara, dedicated $20 million to the pioneering occupational science and occupational therapy program. Given in honor of Chan’s mother, the gift, which endowed and named the division, was the rst of its kind and largest ever made to any occupational therapy program in the history of the eld.
“My family and I are pleased to provide a third major gift to USC — in this case to support the cutting-edge work of the most in uential division of occupational science and occupational therapy in the world and to honor my mother who worked for many years as a nurse,” Chan said. “I am grateful for the opportunities that USC a orded me and my sons, and our gift to the division is one of several ways we intend to continue supporting USC in the future.”
e gift represented a signi cant milestone for the division, which has accumulated a long list of rsts since occupational therapy education began at USC in 1942. e division established the nation’s rst two-year, entry-level master’s degree program in occupational therapy and rst post- professional degree program in occupational therapy. It is also internationally renowned for establishing the world’s rst Ph.D. program in occupational science. Since U.S. News & World Report began ranking occupational therapy educational programs in 1998, USC has held the No. 1 spot for 13 years — more years than all other programs combined.
“ is historic endowment gift ensures the USC Mrs. T.H. Chan Division’s prominence among the most elite programs in occupational science and occupational therapy, not just in the United States but throughout the world,” said USC President C. L. Max Nikias.
Occupational therapy is a health care profession focused on enabling people to decrease their risk of or better manage chronic disease and disability through sustainable, health- promoting activities and routines in order to live happier and more productive lives. Occupational therapists work with populations across the life span in various settings, including hospitals, nursing facilities, community clinics, schools, private practices, corporations and wellness centers. e Chans’ support ensures the division will continue leading the profession in education, research and clinical programs.
USC Student Research Group (SRG) 29 Sook-Lei LIEW AIMS TO HARNESS Brain Power for Improved Stroke Rehabilitation
By Hope Homashige
trokes can happen in an instant but their e ects can last a lifetime. For stroke survivors, subsequent motor impairments can dramatically Simpact their quality of life until rehabilitation can begin the process of restoring function.
While healthcare professionals who work with stroke survivors have all seen patients who respond beautifully to therapy, they also know that therapies simply do not work equally well for all patients. Assistant Professor Sook-Lei Liew MA ’08, PhD ’12, who found those times when therapy failed both frustrating and inspiring, is hoping to change that.
“We never knew what was going to work and whether they were going to have a good outcome,” explains Liew. “ at was my motivation for going into research—to uncover more ways to help these patients have good outcomes.”
Following stroke, the brain loses the ability to perform certain functions and has to be retrained to perform seemingly simple tasks. 30 ose patients who have trouble walking, for example, is allows Liew to analyze real-time brain activity and give perform repetitive exercises to relearn that skill. Making patients feedback about their brain activity on a second-by- the muscles work often makes the brain work, too, and for second basis. some patients, recovering function is a matter of practicing a motion over and again. But not all patients fully regain With this feedback, patients can potentially learn to re- their motor skills, or their quality of life, through repetitive control their own brain activity in regions that may have movement. been damaged after stroke, using only their thoughts. Liew says this technology gives patients a way to become active Liew’s research is exploring ways to supplement this approach players during their own recovery by learning how to control of using muscles to train the brain. She is studying how to their own brain networks. enhance the brain’s own ability, with the help of cutting-edge technology, to bring back function to those parts of the body “We give them a way to control their own brain activity, that are compromised following a stroke. even if they cannot necessarily control their own limb movements,” she says. “So far, we’ve seen that people with “With the help of novel technology, we can start to understand more severe motor impairments also show the greatest how to augment the brain’s recovery and personalize the increases in brain activity with neurofeedback, suggesting approach for each that this is a promising patient,” she says. tool for individuals who cannot recover through Using imaging traditional motor technology called practice alone.” functional magnetic resonance imaging Liew, who earned (fMRI), a non-invasive her PhD degree in technique used to occupational science at observe brain activity, USC in 2012, returned Liew is able to better to the USC Chan understand which Division as a faculty parts of the brain are member in January involved when a patient 2015 after spending is asked to learn to two years conducting perform a particular postdoctoral research at task. the National Institutes of Health’s National Because every person’s brain is wired slightly di erently, Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. By its explains Liew, not every person engages the exact same areas nature, stroke research is a multidisciplinary pursuit that of their brain when re-learning a task. Having the ability, can be improved through collaboration among experts from thanks to imaging technologies, to observe which parts of many disciplines. Liew, who directs the Neural Plasticity the brain each patient engages may help develop targets for and Neurorehabilitation Laboratory and also holds faculty customiziang therapy to maximize the outcome for that appointments in the USC Division of Biokinesiology and individual. Physical erapy and in the Department of Neurology at the Keck School of Medicine of USC, believes having access to Once target brain regions have been identi ed, Liew then experts in many disciplines will improve her own research. studies ways to encourage brain activity in those regions In fact, it was one of the primary reasons she chose to return to enhance neural repair. One method she uses is non- to USC. invasive brain stimulation to enhance neuroplasticity, which is the brain’s ability to reorganize neural pathways based “It’s great to be back at USC because it feels like home,” she on learning new skills. is stimulation is thought to help says. “I also feel there are so many resources here that will neurons re more easily which, in turn, may help the brain bene t my research and, hopefully, help nd new methods recover better than it would without such stimulation. that will improve quality of life for stroke patients.”
Another method is real-time fMRI neurofeedback, which uses a computer interface coupled with fMRI technology. USC Student Research Group (SRG) 31 Neuromotor Control Laboratory
r. Beth A. Smith and the students working collect information about the number of times they move with her in the Division of Biokinesiology and in a day and the types of movements they are making. e Physical erapy’s Infant Neuromotor Control sensors can be worn all day as the infant and their family DLaboratory (INCLab) are studying the development of go about their normal daily activities at home or out in neural control of movement in infants. e INClab focuses the community. Other projects involve measuring infant on early identi cation of atypical infant development and brain function related to movement control, collected as evaluating e ectiveness of interventions to promote neural electroencephalography (EEG) data. EEG uses small and functional development in infants with or at risk for sensors placed on the surface of the head to measure the developmental delay. Accurate early identi cation of atypical electrical activity produced by the underlying cortex. e development within the rst months of life is a challenge INCLab also collects detailed information about limb for the eld. is is an important challenge to solve because movement trajectories through space using a 3-dimensional the potential to have a positive impact on development is motion analysis system and 3 synchronized high-speed unparalleled during infancy. Accurate early identi cation of video cameras. Finally, the INCLab can measure the atypical development will allow for targeted therapy to be muscle activity used to produce movement through surface provided as early as possible, supporting optimal neuromotor electromyography and can measure where infants are looking development. e most e ective content for early therapy is using a head-mounted infant eye-tracking system. Di erent yet another unknown for the eld, and also a focus of the tools are used for di erent projects depending on the speci c INCLab. research question.
Dr. Smith and her students use many di erent tools to Current research projects in the lab include the following: evaluate infant movement. Some projects involve infants Full-day leg movement assessment in infants at risk for wearing small movement sensors on their arms or legs to developmental delay: In this project, infants between 1
32 and 24 months of age who are at risk for developmental brain activation that produce them. is work is supported delay wear movement sensors on their legs for a full day on by a grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. 3 occasions. eir data are compared to those of typically Positioning device project: For this project, infants between developing infants. e goals of this project are to determine 1 and 6 months of age are positioned in 3 di erent 1) if quantity, type and quality of daily leg movements are positioning devices: a jungle gym, a bumbo seat, and a car related to the onset of independent walking (identifying seat. e goal of this project is to determine whether infants how much and what type of leg movement practice precedes increase or decrease their rate of arm and leg movements walking onset) and 2) whether measures of quantity, type when encouraged to move (gym), provided postural support and quality of daily leg movements early in life can predict (bumbo), or constrained (car seat). e results of the current later developmental outcomes. is work is supported in part project will inform researchers about the immediate e ects by a grant from the American Physical erapy Association of the devices on infant movement, and in the future can Section on Pediatrics. allow them to study the e ects of device use on infant Neuromotor development. is work is supported in part by a grant from Daily arm movement practice and brain development: In the USC Undergraduate Research Associates Program. this project, infants between 1 and 6 months of age are tested on 3 occasions. On each occasion they 1) wear movement In addition to the speci c funding sources acknowledged sensors on their arms for a full day to determine amount above, Dr. Smith’s salary and research are supported in part Control and type of daily arm movement practice and 2) wear the by NIH K12-HD055929. EEG cap while they reach for objects, measuring both their brain function and reaching skill. e goal of this project is to map the development of infants’ earliest spontaneous and Laboratory goal-directed arm movements to the speci c areas of cortical
Article and photos courtesy of Dr. Beth Smith
Opposite page upper right photo: “Equipment used in the Infant Neuromotor Control Laboratory. Bottom left: Opal movement sensors shown with sleeves for attaching them to an infant’s arms or legs, one sensor on top of sleeve for visualization, one sensor in sleeve. Top: Electroencephalography cap for collecting brain activity data from infants. Right: Example of toy used to encourage infants to reach.
Right photo: A 2-month- old child being tested in the laboratory, wearing movement sensors on her arms and legs. USC Student Research Group (SRG) 33 Research Day Schedule of Events | March 25, 2015 What Helps What orHarms theHuman Brain” to Discover 33Countries Brain Images andGenomesfrom of Medicine 12:45pm -1:25pm of USC Openingremarks registration General Poster judging 12:30pm -12:45pm Lunch 12:00pm -12:30pm 11:30am -12:00pm 9:00am -12:00pm 8:00am Avishai California ofSouthern University Sadan, Research of President Vice DMD, MBA Registration: Presenters andJudges scientists, also created the rst maps of Alzheimer’s Disease and children.infected ompson’s group, 35USC includes which tostudyhow treatments restoreAfrica growth brain inHIV- studies unitesteamsfrom the aiRedCross, theUS, andSouth disorders. brain and childhood Oneofthe30ongoing ENIGMA bipolar illness, HIV/AIDS, methamphetamine abuse, autism, disease andotherdementias, schizophrenia, depression and discovers factors thata ect theprogression on Alzheimer’s 33 countries, themajordiseaseofbrain. studying ENIGMA consortium, network of185institutions medical in aworldwide Neuro (ENIGMA) ImagingGeneticsthrough Meta-Analysis worldwide. Dr. ompson andleads co-founded theEnhancing vastvolumes data ofbiomedical analyzing of Excellencefor Center for Worldwide Medicine, anNIH Data”“Big Center of theUSCImagingGeneticsCenter. Heleads theENIGMA Engineering, Pediatrics atUSC, &Ophthalmology andDirector Paul ompson isaProfessor ofNeurology, Psychiatry, Radiology, Institute for Neuroimaging for Institute andInformatics, School Keck “ eENIGMAtheHuman of Brain: 30,000 Analyzing Speaker: PaulKeynote ompson, PhD ofUSC ofDentistry OstrowHerman School Associate Research Deanof Yang Chai, DDS, PhD ofUSC ofDentistry OstrowHerman School Dean Hall,Randolph PhD schizophrenia spreading in the living brain, and a method to detect brain growth in children, published in the journal Nature. ompson obtained his M.A. in Mathematics and Greek and Latin Languages from Oxford University, England, and his Ph.D. in Neuroscience from UCLA.
1:30pm - 2:10pm Keynote Speaker: Sook-Lei Liew, PhD “Neuromodulation of the Human Motor System and Implications for Stroke Rehabilitation” Occupational Science and Biokinesiology and Physical erapy, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC and Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine of USC
Dr. Sook-Lei Liew is an Assistant Professor at the University of Southern California with joint appointments in the Mrs. T.H. Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational erapy and the Division of Biokinesiology and Physical erapy in the Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, as well as in the Department of Neurology at the Keck School of Medicine. She is also the director of the Neural Plasticity and Neurorehabiltiation Laboratory. e goal of Dr. Liew’s research is to understand mechanisms of neural plasticity in healthy individuals and individuals after neurological injury in order to improve their quality of life and engagement in meaningful activities. Using neuroimaging, noninvasive brain stimulation, and real-time fMRI neurofeedback, the Neural Plasticity and Neurorehabilitation Laboratory aims to: 1) characterize processes of neural plasticity during learning and rehabilitation, 2) enhance neural plasticity and neurorehabilitation through noninvasive brain stimulation and neurofeedback, and 3) personalize the use of these plasticity-inducing paradigms to capitalize on each individual’s learning or recovery potential.
2:15pm - 2:55pm Keynote Speaker: Pascal Magne, DMD, PhD “ e Ultimate Biomimetic Restoration” Esthetic Dentistry & Restorative Sciences, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC
Dr. Pascal Magne is an Associate Professor with Tenure and the Don and Sybil Harrington Foundation Chair of Esthetic Dentistry in the Division of Restorative Sciences, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC. He graduated from the University of Geneva Dental School,
USC Student Research Group (SRG) Switzerland, in 1989 with a Med.Dent. He obtained his Doctorate in 1992 and his Ph.D. degree in 2002. Dr. Magne received postgraduate training in xed prosthodontics and occlusion, operative dentistry and endodontics, and was a lecturer at the same university beginning in 1989 until 1997. From 1997 - 1999, he was a Visiting Associate Professor at the Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, School of Dentistry. After concluding two years of research, Dr. Magne returned to University of Geneva Dental School and assumed the position of Senior Lecturer in the Division of Fixed Prosthodontics and Occlusion until he was recruited to the University of Southern California in February 2004. Dr. Magne is a recipient of multiple awards from the Swiss Science Foundation, the Swiss Foundation for Medical-Biological Grants, and was the recipient of the 2002 Young Investigator Award from the International Association for Dental Research as well as the 2007 and 2009 Judson C. Hickey Scienti c Writing Award (for the best research article of the year published in the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry). He is also the author of numerous clinical and research articles on esthetics and adhesive dentistry and is an internationally known mentor and lecturer on these topics. Furthermore, Dr. Magne authored the book Bonded Porcelain Restorations in the Anterior Dentition - A Biomimetic Approach. is book has been translated into twelve languages and is considered as one of the most outstanding books in the eld of adhesive and esthetic dentistry. Dr. Magne is a founding member of the Academy of Biomimetic Dentistry and a mentor of the Bio-Emulation think-tank group. In 2012, he launched a revolutionary approach to the teaching of Dental Morphology, Function and Esthetics (the 2D/3D/4D approach) for rst year dental students at the Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC. 3:00pm - 4:00pm Poster Viewing 4:00pm - 4:30pm Awards Presentation 4:30pm - 5:30pm Reception
Poster Category Awards
• Advanced Specialty Program Resident • Biokinesiology and Physical erapy Candidate • Biokinesiology and Physical erapy Student • Dental Hygiene Student • Graduate Post-doctoral Trainee • Graduate Pre-doctoral Candidate • Occupational Science and Occupational erapy Student • DDS Student - Basic Sciences • DDS Student - Clinical Sciences • Dean’s Research Award - Awarded to the overall most outstanding project poster 36 Research Day 37 Schedule of Events | March 25, 2015 USC Student (SRG) Group Research Most award
Innovative Award Innovative USC Stevens Center USC Stevens Center for Innovation for Innovation BioInformatics award BioInformatics JA Wilson Dental Library Library Dental JA Wilson Innovative Scientific Achievement Scientific Achievement Innovative and researchers School Herman Ostrow to honor of Dentistry was created e award students, publications. c articles post-doctoralauthored fellows have scienti who prestigious in published early researchers e purpose is to recognize extremely talented and promising in of the award their academic careers who help our School an undisputed elite status in towards and USC move and academics. research Awarded to the poster with the highest likelihood of transferring into practical use. e USC highest likelihood of transferring to the poster with the into practical use. Awarded at the ce of the Provost Stevens in the o Center for Innovation is a University-wide resource and transfer protect to the market nurture, University of Southern California that helps identify, for a central industry It also provides connection seeking USC. innovations from the most exciting the USC Stevens Center manages As part of this role, innovations in whichcutting-edge to invest. intellectual property the university’s portfolio its $650 million annual research stemming from the USC Stevens Center develops the innovator as innovations, as well Furthermore, program. community-building events opportunities. and showcase educational programs, through Award to the best poster incorporating bioinformatics resources into the project. Judges will Judges poster incorporatingto the best into the project. bioinformatics resources Award of the a representative Wilson the Dental Library, the information of specialist from consist Bioinformatics Services the Health Services of Program of Libraries faculty and a representative graduate student or young to any is open e competition SchoolHerman Ostrow of Dentistry. analysis on centered who has carried of biological project sequences, researcher a research out School at the Herman Ostrow e candidate be enrolled of must structures and processes. cateand gift card. with a certi will be presented awardee e Dentistry time of submission. at the Research Day Poster abstracts continuum of pathology ranging from Rehabilitation after Arthroscopic Rotor Cu Methods: Two occupational therapists tendinitis and bursitis, to partial tearing, Repair: 2012). A recent survey performed working in a hand rehabilitation clinic were Faculty to a complete tearing in one or more of the by the Kerlan-Jobe Orthopaedic Clinic purposefully recruited and trained in the use tendons. Often times when one or more looked at the cohesiveness of Orthopedic of sonographic imaging. Over 3 months, the Poster #: 1 of these tendons tear they require surgical Surgeons regarding current concepts therapists implemented sonography with Title: Ensuring Rehabilitation Priorities are intervention to restore strengthen and involving pre-operative corticosteroid nine patients with diagnoses of the wrist, Re ected in the Value-Based Health Care function of the shoulder. e medical eld injections, and rotator cu rehabili-tation/ hand and ngers. Data were collected using Name: Natalie Leland has examined this pathology for over 200 patient postopertative management. questionnaires and periodic short-interviews years and there have been vast advancements e survey was investigating the various (15 mins) to explore their experiences with Background: Value-based purchasing is the in repairing this tendon failure (Randelli di erences between surgical specialties, each use of sonography. At the conclusion of use of nancial incentives to facilitate provider 2015). Despite the progress in knowledge, example: Shoulder Specialist and Sports the implementation period, long-interviews improvement in the delivery of high quality surgical technique and technology, there is Medicine Specialist. eir ndings stated (60 mins) were conducted with each therapist. health care. For example, the 30-day hospital still an undesirable amount of surgical failures numerous stati-cally signi cant di erences ree researchers individually reviewed the readmission measure aims to capture the and poor clinical outcomes. Much of the between how surgeons manage rotator cu data from 10 questionnaires, 5 short- and quality of the care transition. Unfortunately, poor outcomes result secondary to constant disease. is provoked further questions 2 long-interview transcripts to identify the indicators that have been evaluated for pain, and the limited progress of range of and investigation highlighting the need for emerging themes. Numerous discussions value-based payment do not capture the motion and strength. It is thought that these more research and a closer look at patient and iterations of data analysis culminated in objectives of rehabilitation or re ect the impairments are due to failure of the repaired management speci -cally regarding Surgeon- consensus on thematic units. Results: Four priorities of individuals with disabilities. tendon. Together orthopedic surgeons and erapist communication and postoperative areas of utility for sonography by occupational Purpose: Develop a rehabilitation relevant physical therapists are striving to address this protocols. Furthermore, the ndings of the therapists were revealed: mastering anatomy quality measure and examine variations in issue in order to improve clinical outcomes Kerlan-Jobe Orthopaedic Clinic survey and pathology, augmenting clinical provider performance. Methods: e study and patient quality of life. Research looking lead us to believe that the continuity of care reasoning, supplementing intervention, examined a national cohort of fee-for-service at surgical technique, tendon histology and between rehabilitation specialists will also and building evidence. Novel ndings Medicare hip fracture rehabilitation patients healing time, patient risk factors, and postop- vary. ese concepts are critical to investigate included improved therapist appreciation discharged from the hospital after surgical erative rehabilitation techniques have been in order to determine current standards of of normal and abnormal anatomy, as well repair to inpatient rehabilitation or skilled the main focus of the literature. Studies have prac-tice and areas of discrepancy among as the perceived use of sonography as a nursing (n=880,339). A secondary analysis shown that rotator cu retears primarily occur rehabilitation management. Purpose: e mind-body intervention to enhance patient of Medicare Administrative data was used during weeks 6-26 following shoulder surgery goal of this study is to investigate the current experiences with care. Conclusion: A wide to develop the quality measure, successful (Iannotti, 2013). In addition, various animal concepts regarding postoperative rotator cu range of uses for sonography by occupational community discharge (i.e., 30 consecutive studies show weakness in the repair as high as protocols, and the state of communication therapists exists. Enhanced identi cation of days spent in the community after discharge 50% at 16 weeks post-surgery (Ward JOSPT between the referring surgeon and the underlying pathology may improve targeting from post-acute care rehabilitation). Results: 2010). With the majority of postoperative skilled provider caring out the rehabilitation of interventions. Furthermore, occupational Patients were followed for 90 days after patients undergoing some form of formal in order to improve clinical outcomes and therapists are uniquely positioned to hospital discharge to capture successful rehabilitation the timelines for these re- patient care. Methods: An electronic survey maximize the mind-body potentials of community discharge from rehabilitation. On tears occur while under the care of both the will be distributed to physical therapists who sonography. average, patients spent 27 days in post-acute physical therapist and the orthopedic surgeon. commonly see orthopedic and sports related care before community discharge. Regional One factor which has been found to be conditions. Inclusion: Licensed physical Poster #: 4 and organizational level analysis identi ed associated with poor clinical outcomes is the therapists who commonly treat orthopedic Title: Infant Exploratory Learning and Leg variations in successful community discharge size of the rotator cu tear prior to surgery. and sports conditions of various experience, Joint Coordination: In uence of Prematurity suggesting di erences in the quality of care. Recent studies show a range from 13% to specialties and training levels. Physical Name: Barbara Sargent Guided by these ndings, two case studies 94% of large and massive rotator cu tears fail therapists who have to ability to read and will be used to illustrate the need for a clinical within the rst 2 years after surgery (Miller understand the English language. Exclusion: Background: Preterm infants with very low quality improvement initiative and the impact AJSM 2011). is statistic makes it all the Physical therapy students, physical therapy birth weight (PT) are at risk for developing of a rehabilitation facility’s performance more important that orthopedic surgeons assistants, non-licensed physical therapists spastic cerebral palsy which is characterized in the context of value-based purchasing. and physical therapists work together Results: Pending Conclusion: Pending by decreased selective hip-knee joint Conclusion: Quality measures are a key during this rehabilitation process to ensure coordination. Purpose: Determine the ability component of quality improvement strategies the integrity of the surgical site. Currently, Poster #: 3 of full-term (FT) and PT infants to: (1) in health care. Successful community the most common tool in managing the Title: erapist Perceptions of Sonographic learn the contingency between leg action discharge is a rehabilitation relevant outcome patient’s rehabilitation is a postoperative Utility in the Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation and mobile activation, and (2) demonstrate that complements the existing 30-day protocol. However, the information given Name: Shawn Roll increased selective hip-knee coordination hospital readmissions measure and re ects in these protocols are generically based and when leg actions are reinforced with a mobile. the priorities of rehabilitation. lack patient speci city. is is often due to Background: Point-of-care sonographic Methods: 14 FT infants at 3 months and the fact that the complexity of every patient imaging for musculoskeletal conditions is 10 PT infants at 4 months participated in Poster #: 2 and vary. Certain patients may advance at a rapidly expanding. Numerous advantages 2 sessions of mobile reinforcement. Infants Title: Rotator Cu Postoperative Protocols more rapid pace; whereas other patients must (e.g., enhancing evaluation, monitoring were positioned supine under a mobile. Day from the Perspective of Physical erapists be progressed more conservatively. Although disease progression) have been reported 1 consisted of a 2-min baseline condition Name: Brian McNeill the concepts which guide clinical practice and by a variety of health care providers. (no mobile reinforcement) and 6-min the stages of rehabilitation are based on tissue Prior to widespread adoption, a more acquisition condition (mobile reinforcement Background: Rotator cu dysfunction is one healing and biomechanical stress (Millett complete understanding of potential for speci c leg actions). Day 2 consisted of a of the most commonly seen musculoskeletal 2006 JAAOS,) rehabilitation protocols uses by occupational therapists is needed. 2-min baseline condition, 6-min acquisition disorders today. Its association with pain tend to vary considerably among healthcare Purpose: Using a qualitative descriptive condition, and 2-min extinction condition and weakness directly diminishes a patient’s providers and are fre-quently based on clinical design, potential uses for sonography by (no mobile reinforcement). Results: FT functional ability and can signi cantly expertise and expert opinion rather than occupational therapists in the rehabilitation infants increased reinforced leg action during a ect a patient’s quality of life. Rotator scienti c rationale (Clinical Commentary of musculoskeletal disorders were explored. the acquisition as compared to baseline cu dysfunction is typically described as condition to meet performance criteria Day 38 2. FT infants classi ed as Learners (n=5), enduring e ects on well-being and warrants loss in individuals with histories of severe contribution of Met in the development of but not Non-Learners (n=9), demonstrated investigation. Purpose: To identify predictors ear infection and/or tonsillectomy. Methods: social, emotional, and cognitive behavior. decreased hip-knee correlation coe cients and covariates of dPPH among elders and Laboratory participants (N=27) underwent e impact of disrupting developmental Met during acquisition on Day 2 as compared to predictors of recovery from dPPH. Methods: unilateral auditory canal block, with spatial expression is dependent upon the circuit- baseline kicking on Day 1. PT infants met We conducted a secondary analysis of older testing before and after. In a larger spatial speci c deletion pattern. e null Metfx/ performance criteria on Day 1. ere was no adults who participated in the Well Elderly dataset (N=301), individuals with severe fx/Emx1cre mice (Met deleted from every statistically signi cant di erence in hip-knee Trial and completed the six-month post- ear infection and/or tonsillectomy history cortical cell) show behavioral phenotypes coordination across conditions for PT infants intervention testing (n=359). Participants were compared with individuals without. consistent with autism. In contrast, the classi ed as Learners (n=6) or Non-Learners were independent-living, ethnically diverse, Spatial testing involved anterior, posterior, null Metfx/fx/Emx1cre mice (Met deleted (n=4). Conclusion: PT infants performed the and aged 60+ years. PPH was measured and whole-mouth intensity judgments of from cells arising from the dorsal pallium) task on Day 1, however unlike FT infants, PT up to ve times over two years using the solutions (NaCl, sucrose, citric acid, quinine, show a di erent behavioral repertoire, with infants who demonstrated learning did not SF-36 physical health component. Results: ethanol). Results: Unlike supertasters, decreased exploratory behavior and memory. exhibit more selective hip-knee coordination. During the rst six months, 19% (n=67) nontasters undergoing CT block experienced Future studies will determine the impact of PT infants have di culty generating more of participants had substantial declines asymmetric posterior losses that failed to environmental interactions with the deletion selective hip-knee coordination and may in PPH (dPPH). ose with dPPH had sustain whole-mouth taste. Individuals with of Met from the Metfx/fx/Emx1cre mice on require additional days participating in higher baseline PPH, lower baseline mental presumptive CT or IX damage showed further social, emotional, and cognitive the paradigm to change their coordination health, social support, and social network elevated whole-mouth sensation, but those behaviors. patterns. scores, and worse negative changes in life with both conditions showed reductions. satisfaction and stress than the non-declining Conclusion: Native taste status (i.e., anatomy, Poster #: 9 Poster #: 5 group. Recovery from dPPH varied by race/ receptor genetics) and degree of loss govern Title: Head and Neck Cancer Rehabilitation: Title: Developing Occupation-Based, ethnicity, magnitude of initial decline, and the impact of oral sensory damage, yielding Comparison of Two Program Designs Preventive Programs for At-Risk, Late baseline PPH and activity frequency. Latinos potentially varied clinical outcomes. Name: Kimiko Yamada Middle-Aged Latino Patients. showed greater improvements than Whites, Name: Stacey Schepens Niemiec and those with lower baseline PPH showed Poster #: 8 Background: We previously determined that more improvements than those with higher Title: Behavioral Consequences of Disrupted an 8-week 5 session group rehabilitation Background: Latinos between 50 and 60 baseline PPH. Conclusion: e perception MET Signaling program for individuals after head and neck years old are at high risk for developing that healthy older adults (especially those Name: Barbara ompson cancer (HNC) treatment was safe, feasible, chronic conditions that can lead to early with high PPH) can easily recover from and resulted in signi cant improvements disability. Provision of occupation-based dPPH may be misguided. Future research Background: Utilizing genetically modi ed in the participants’ pain, disability, mobility, health promotion programs (OHPPs) is necessary to determine if elders with mouse lines to dissect the role of speci c and endurance. Purpose: In a continuation in primary care may prove e ective in dPPH may bene t from early intervention to genes in the neurobiological underpinnings of of this study, we aimed to determine the o setting disability and disease progression increase chances for recovery. neurodevelopmental disorders is an important safety and feasibility of a modi ed version in this population. Purpose: Identify lifestyle approach. Our laboratory discovered that the of the program in which the content is domains and health-actualizing strategies gene encoding the receptor tyrosine kinase, delivered over 6 weekly sessions. We important to late middle-aged Latinos, to MET, contributes to autism risk. Subsequent hypothesized that the shorter program will inform development of patient-centered studies have shown a role for MET in improve attendance rate and result in similar OHPPs implementable in primary care. functional and structural cortical connectivity signi cant improvements. Methods: At Methods: We conducted a qualitative study in typically developing individuals and those the initial evaluation and re-evaluation the with 11 Latinos ( ve females; age 56 ±3.27 with autism spectrum disorder. Furthermore, participants completed 3 functional outcome years) in this demographic group. One-on- our studies have illuminated a role for Met questionnaires (Neck Disability Index, one, semi-structured interviews addressing in dendritic and spine architecture and DASH questionnaire, and FACT – Head routines, health management, and healthcare excitatory drive in the cortex of mouse models & Neck). Neck and shoulder active range, utilization were administered until theme of altered Met signaling. Purpose: To further deep neck exor endurance, and the 6-minute saturation. A content analysis was completed understand the contribution of Met to brain walk test were assessed. Wilcox Signed to identify patterns and regularities in the development and its impact on behavior, we Ranks test determined statistical signi cance data. Interview content was compared across generated two conditional mouse lines in of changes in outcome questionnaires and the sample to determine commonalities, which Met is deleted from select populations pain. Paired samples t-tests were run to disagreements, and focal points. A promotora of cerebral cortex neurons: 1) Metfx/fx/Emx1cre determine statistical signi cance of changes (community health worker) reviewed the (deleted from all cells arising from the dorsal in range and endurance testing. Similar results to validate conclusions referencing pallium) and 2) Metfx/fx/Emx1cre (deleted comparisons of the means between the two Latino culture. Results: Informants identi ed from all neural cells). A battery of behavioral groups were completed to determine program six lifestyle domains: Weight Management; tests was then performed to assess cognitive, e ectiveness. Results: Fourteen of the 23 Disease Management; Mental Health and Poster #: 7 emotional, and social disturbances that are people and 14 of the 27 people completed Well-being; Personal Finances; Family, Title: Experimental Models of observed in multiple neurodevelopmental the 8 and 6 week program, respectively. Friends, and Community; and Stress Compensation Following Regional Oral disorders, including autism spectrum No adverse events were reported by any Management. A typology of perceived Sensory Damage disorders, and that, are in part sub-served by participant in either program. Mean changes health-actualizing strategies was derived Name: Derek Snyder circuits that express Met. Methods: Multiple in all measures improved in both groups for each domain and a schema constructed. cohorts of mice were tested in early adulthood and the di erences between the two groups Conclusion: e resultant schema can be Background: Oral sensory variation arises on rotarod, activity chamber, elevated plus were not statistically signi cant. Conclusion: used as a foundation for designing patient- from anatomy, receptor genetics, and nerve maze, spontaneous alternation in the t-maze, e 6-week 6 session and the 8-week 5 centered OHPPs for late middle-aged, at- damage. Of these, nerve damage is least olfactory dishabituation, social novelty session designs demonstrate good safety and risk Latino patients. e valued domains understood because its sensory outcomes defy preference, marble burying, contextual fear feasibility for a group rehabilitation program and strategies we extracted can be expanded easy prediction. Four cranial nerves innervate conditioning, and direct social interaction to make a positive impact on disability, pain, into learning modules using evidence-based speci c oral regions, and certain health with simultaneous USV recordings. Results: cervical and shoulder range of motion, and best practices. e ndings demonstrate the conditions target speci c nerves: Severe We found that the null Metfx/fx/Emx1cre mice endurance in patients after HNC treatment. need for sophisticated clinical judgment in childhood ear infections damage the chorda display signi cant hypoactivity in the activity assessing the complex issues that impact the tympani (CT), blocking anterior taste cues; chamber and in the t-maze despite normal Poster #: 10 health of this underserved population. tonsillectomy damages the glossopharyngeal performance on the rotarod. Additionally, Title: Bio-Inspired Hard-to-Soft Interface nerve (IX), blocking posterior taste/tactile these animals show a de cit in spontaneous for Implant Integration to Bone Poster #: 6 cues. Oral anesthesia shows that local alternation. ese mice show normal anxiety, Name: Yan Zhou Title: Decline and Recovery of Perceived nerve loss disinhibits intact oral sensations: olfactory dishabituation, social novelty Physical Health among Older Adults CT block elevates IX, trigeminal, and preference, contextual fear conditioning, Background: Accomplishing full, functional Name: Stacey Schepens Niemiec whole-mouth intensity, particularly among and marble burying. In comparison, the integration at the host-to-biomaterial supertasters of PROP bitterness. Variation null Metfx/fx/Emx1cre mice display de cits interface has been a critical roadblock in Background: Older adults are subject to both in the e cacy of disinhibition may explain in contextual fear conditioning, and a weak engineering implants with performance gradual declines in health due to natural aging inconsistent clinical accounts of oral sensory de cit in sociability in the social novelty similar to biological materials. Purpose: or chronic conditions and more dramatic dysfunction. Purpose: We use CT anesthesia preference task. ese mice show normal Molecular recognition-based self-assembly, declines from sudden injury or illness. to simulate anterior oral sensory loss, performance on rotarod and activity coupled with biochemical signaling, may Patient-reported perceived physical health exploring individual di erences in sensory chamber, anxiety, spontaneous alternation, lead to controllable and predictable cellular (PPH) re ects chronic conditions, suggesting change elsewhere in the mouth. As a clinical olfactory dishabituation, and marble burying. di erentiation at the implant interface. that decline in PPH (dPPH) may have correlate, we examine regional oral sensory Conclusion: ese data suggest a complex USC Student Research Group (SRG) 39 Methods: We engineer a bio-inspired to mimic OSCC histologically without the recipient site. e gingival condition and the current study suggest that placement of interface built upon a chimeric peptide. harboring its malignant phenotype clinically, the percentage of remaining papilla height ABBM protected by PTFE was e ective in Binding to the biomaterial interface is which could have signi cant translational relative to those at baseline were b measured minimizing post-extraction socket width and achieved using a molecular recognition potential for understanding invasive OSCC. to compare the percentage of remaining height alterations , compared with historical domain speci c for the titanium/titanium papilla at the conventional incision design data for sockets that are allowed to heal alloy implant surface and a biochemical Poster #: 12 group at 3 months post-operatively. Clinical without additional intervention. signal guiding stem cells to di erentiate by Title: Modi ed VISTA for Implant observation was followed up to 1 year. activating the Wnt signaling pathway for Placement in Maxillary Anterior Site Results: e results of clinical measurements Poster #: 14 bone formation. Results: During a critical Name: Hamad Alqadhi showed that papilla height in modi ed Title: Assessment of the Quality of period of host cell growth and determination, Faculty Advisor: Homa Zadeh VISTA incision group was comparable to Reporting Observational Studies in the bioactive implant interface signals mouse, those at baseline. e percentage of remaining Periodontal Literature as well as human, stem cells to di erentiate Background: A variety of incision designs papilla height relative to those at baseline at Name: Diane Anthony along osteogenic lineages. Conclusion: e are available during implant placement in modi ed VISTA group was 97.5±3.5%, while Faculty Advisor: Kian Kar Wnt-induced cells show enhanced mineral the maxillary anterior site. e traditional a conventional incision group showed that deposition in an extracellular matrix of their techniques available have limitations, such it was 31.0±11.5%. Statistically signi cant Background: Observational studies intend to creation and an enhanced gene expression as the need for marginal incisions that di erence was found based on statistic examine variables in a population with hopes pro le consistent with osteogenesis, thereby compromise the blood supply resulting in analysis (Student t-test). Clinical observation of characterizing any potential associations. providing a bone-to-implant interface that a “black triangle” or signi cant gingival revealed that conventional incision jeopardize us, the quality of reporting of observational promotes bone regeneration. recessions in the esthetic area. is can blood circulation and compromised esthetic studies is important in evidence-based clinical be critical when adjacent to restorations results with papilla loss appeared between decision-making processes. Comparison of where recession might reveal dark margins. implant and adjacent tooth. On the other the reporting quality to established standards Outcome predictors have demonstrated the hand, modi ed VISTA incision successfully can help identify short comings of a study signi cance of minimal surgical trauma and preserved papilla height and achieved 100% and aim to improve quality of reporting and a thick gingival biotype in order to avoid papilla ll between contact. No further relevance of the published data in clinical compromised esthetic results. Incision designs recession was noted at 12 months in modi ed decision making. Purpose: To assess the such as Papilla Preservation technique and VISTA group. ick biotype was observed quality of reporting of observational studies intra-sulcular incisions extending to adjacent at both groups. Conclusion: is case report in a widely read periodontology journal, the teeth are limited in their ability to prevent highlights the importance of minimal Journal of Periodontology ( JoP). Methods: apical migration of papillary height between surgical trauma to avoid gingival recession in Electronic search using Medline database, implant and tooth. e Vestibular Incision adjacent teeth. e results of this case report supplemented by hand search of JoP was Subperiosteal Tunnel Access (VISTA) demonstrate the potential for the modi ed completed independently and in duplicate by technique has been developed in an attempt VISTA technique with connective tissue graft two reviewers. e combined strengthening to preserve the circulation of blood resulting and implant placement, in achieving optimal the reporting of observational studies in in superior outcome compared to available esthetic results for soft tissue augmentation epidemiology (STROBE) statement and techniques for gingival recession defects. during implant placement in the maxillary checklist (consisting of 22 criteria) were is case report is aimed to demonstrate the anterior site. Baseline gingival margin level used to evaluate the reporting quality of ADVANCED SPECIALTY novel incision design, termed the modi ed following extraction may in uence the the selected observational studies from VISTA technique. Purpose: In an e ort outcome of esthetic result, including papilla JoP published in the year of 2013. Results: to preserve soft tissue contours of adjacent height and width after de nitive restoration STROBE items 9 (publication bias), 10 PROGRAM RESIDENT teeth during implant placement and soft delivery. (study size determination), 12e (sensitivity tissue augmentation of a single tooth site, a analysis), 13c (diagram usage), and 19 novel technique has been developed. is Poster #: 13 (limitations) were consistently scored low in Poster #: 11 technique is termed Modi ed Vestibular Title: Alveolar Ridge Dimensional Changes the journal and year of assessment, whereas Title: Pseudocarcinomatous Hyperplasia: A Incision Subperiosteal Tunnel access. A single Following Ridge Preservation Procedure: items 2 (brackground), 4 (study design), Simple Way to Di erentiate it from OSCC edentulous site was replaced with dental CBCT Linear Analysis 5 (setting), and 15 (outcome data) were Name: Kamal Al-Eryani implant (Biomet 3i) and a connective tissue Name: Diane Anthony consistently scored high. Conclusion: e Faculty Advisor: Parish Sedghizadeh graft to increase width. e recipient site for Faculty Advisor: Homa Zadeh quality of reporting of observational studies the graft was accessed through the vestibule, in JoP can be improved as compared to the Background: Granular cell tumor (GCT) of while the implant was placed raising a Background: Alveolar ridge atrophy has been STROBE statement. the oral cavity is a benign lesion. Half of oral minimal palatal ap. No re ection of the considered as an unavoidable consequence GCTs demonstrate pseudocarcinomatous adjacent papilla was performed. Results after of tooth extraction, leading to compromised Poster #: 15 hyperplasia (PCH) of the mucosa which can 12 month show comparable papilla height esthetics and function. Ridge preservation Title: 3D Printed Denture Base - mimic invasive islands of oral squamous cell to baseline. e results of this case report has been proposed as a strategy to reduce Adaptation and Accuracy carcinoma (OSCC). Such similarity might demonstrate the potential for the modi ed post-extraction bone resorption. An array Name: Sangho Byun confuse a pathologist or investigator when VISTA technique with connective tissue graft of ridge preservation protocols has been Faculty Advisor: Tae Hyung Kim diagnosing or evaluating these two conditions, and implant placement, in achieving optimal proposed, though data on the biologic leading to misdiagnosis or misclassi cation. esthetic results for soft tissue augmentation outcome of the healing response is scant. Background: Heat-polymerized denture Indeed, several misdiagnosed cases of oral during implant placement in the maxillary Purpose: is study examined the magnitude bases deform during and after polymerization GCT have been reported in the literature as anterior site. Methods: Patients were treated of alveolar bone alterations following ridge that can have negative impact on the clinical OSCC or malignant oral GCT that resulted for single implant treatment and soft tissue preservation grafting with anorganic bovine performance of complete denture. Purpose: in unnecessary aggressive treatment for the augmentation using the VISTA technique in bone matrix (ABBM) protected by a non- e aim of this study was to evaluate the a ected patients. Purpose: e aim of this the maxillary anterior site. A crestal incision resorbable membrane. Methods: e present processing deformation of conventional study is to simplify discrimination between was made, slightly palatal to the midline retrospective study (N=16) quantitatively denture base material and new 3D printed oral GCT-PCH and OSCC. Methods: and not extending to the adjacent papilla. compared CBCT images pre-operatively light cured denture base material on a To distinguish between these two entities, Two oblique incisions in a mesiopalatal and and following healing of tooth extraction standardized anatomic model by using a we examined 12 patient specimens of oral distopalatal direction made and full thickness and ridge preservation (mean 5 months) by laser scanner and surface matching software. GCT-PCH and OSCC histologically and ap re ected to provide access to underlying Simplant® Software. Minimally invasive Methods: Metal master cast was made and via immunohistochemistry (IHC) for CK10, alveolar ridge. A modi ed vestibular incision extraction was followed by ridge preservation, 10 stone casts were poured after conventional CK13, CK17 and P75. Results: e results was made apical to site of implant placement, which entailed lling sockets with large PVS impression taken. Denture bases were suggest that the cellular population and followed by a subperiosteal tunnel for release particle cancellous anorganic bovine bone made using Dentsply Lucitone 199 (Dentsply, morphology of the underlying connective and augmentation of a connective tissue minerals (ABBM), and coverage with non- Corp) material according to the manufacturer tissue is most relevant for making a correct graft (CT), to achieve a thicker biotype. porous polytetra uoroethylene (PTFE) instructions and standard protocol (control diagnosis between the two conditions. e connective tissue was harvested from membrane. Results: Comparison of pre- and group). For the experimental group, metal Consideration of IHC ndings for epithelial the maxillary tuberosity and placed through post-operative bone width and height at master cast was scanned using laser scanner markers alone may lead to erroneous vestibular tunnel, onto denuded bone. e various positions relative to the alveolar crest (3 Shape D700, 3Shape Inc.) and printed diagnosis; however, immunopositivity of graft was manipulated using sutures and hand revealed that at 1mm apical to crest, most of 10 denture bases using light curing material GCT cells for P75 can be an easy way to instruments, then secured into place. Implant alveolar bone width was lost. Alveolar bone (Dentca Base, Dentca Inc.) and DLP type identify the underlying tumor and exclude was placed shortly after securing graft. In this width at 2, 3, and 5mm from bone crest were 3D printer (Dentca Solution, Dentca Inc.). OSCC. Conclusion: Finally we recommend manner, no re ection of the adjacent papilla signi cantly maintained by ridge preservation. After the printing, 3D printed denture bases more studies on the molecular biology was necessary and minimal surgical trauma Bone height at buccal aspect underwent most were washed with isopropanol alcohol, dried of PCH to understand how PCH is able was delivered preserving the blood supply to signi cant atrophy. Conclusion: Results from and post -cured under UV/Vis curing unit 40 (Honle UV America Inc.) for 1 hr. All 20 (less screw loosening, increase resistance of Conclusion: When a lesion appear poorly soft tissue augmentation which had limited denture bases (control and testing group) fracture, repairability and wear-friendliness de ned in radiography, it is important to do success for covering wide root denudation. were digitized using laser scanner. Surface to antagonist teeth). Purpose: e aim of the an incisional biopsy and pathology report to For years, attempts to cover areas of deep, matching software was used to measure present study was to assess in vitro, the fatigue better treat patient condition. wide gingival recession were met with dimensional changes between digitized resistance and failure mode of CAD/CAM frustration. Miller indicated that the presence metal master cast and denture base made high performance polymer crowns bonded to Poster #: 19 of interdental bone loss unables complete from conventional heat-polymerized implant-supported titanium abutments with Title: A Novel Bio lm Mediated Osteolytic root coverage. e Vestibular Incision denture base material (Dentsply Lucitrone three di erent designs. e null-hypothesis Infection Model: A Micro-CT Analyses Subperiosteal Tunnel Access (VISTA) 199) and 3D printed denture base material considered was that the abutment/restoration Name: Ramon Gavilan technique has been developed in an attempt to (Dentca). McNemar test was used for adhesive interface would fail before the Faculty Advisor: Homa Zadeh address the limitations of current techniques. statistical analysis. Results: All 10 samples abutment itself and that the optimized VISTA involves vestibular incision in an made from Dentca light-cured base denture design of the metal abutment together with Background: Bacteria in bio lm state are area remote to the defect and elevation of a material show less deformation (±0.05 mm) the di erent thicknesses of the restorative more resistant to clearance by immune subperiosteal tunnel. Once gingival margins than conventional denture base material. material (high performance polymer) would components or antimicrobial agents. One of are coronally positioned in a tension-free Conclusion: 3D printed experimental denture have an in uence on the fatigue resistance the obstacles in studying bio lms is the lack manner, the sutures holding gingival margins base material shows more accurate tting on and failure mode of the assembly. Methods: of appropriate animal models. e purpose in coronal position are xated to each tooth the metal master cast than conventional heat- Fifty-one (51) composite crowns were of this study was to establish a novel animal with owable composite. e present cases polymerized denture base material. fabricated using CAD/CAM CEREC model to study the host immune response to examined the e cacy of VISTA technique, SW 4.0. Following insertion into a Morse Aggregatobacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) using the clinical measurements and study Poster #: 16 taper implants (CM Titamax EX; Neodent, bio lm. Purpose: e purpose of this study cast volumetric analysis. Purpose: e aim of Title: Numerical Design Optimization of Curitiba, Brazil), the titanium abutments were was to establish a novel animal model to study this case report is to present the percentage CAD/CAM Bonded Composite Resin adhesively restored with CAD/CAM high the host immune response to Aggregatobacter of root coverage of VISTA technique Implant Crowns performance polymer crowns (Lava Ultimate, actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) bio lm. Methods: according to Miller classi cation as well as Name: Marco Carvalho air-abraded, silanated) using adhesive resin Customized two-piece titanium implants the cast analysis of soft tissue augmentation Faculty Advisor: Pascal Magne (Optibond FL) and preheated light curing (1.4 x 3.0mm) and abutments were fabricated Methods: 41 teeth, including Miller Class I composite resin (Filtek Z100). ere were and their surfaces were micro textured by grit (N=5), Class II (N=7), and Class III (N=29) α Background: Because all-ceramic restorations 3 experimental groups (n = 17): Group blasting and acid-etching. e abutments were treated using VISTA technique (Figure demonstrated a potential for catastrophic (control) 4.0Øx4.0mm – CM Universal were inoculated in vitro with wild type Aa 1 a-h). e percentage of root coverage was brittle failure, an alternative approach Post (original manufacturer’s abutment); D7S-1 (n=15) and a double knockout mutant evaluated at baseline and at 18 months by β evolved using composite resin materials Group (slim) 2.0Øx4.0mm- Modi ed of genes for Omp29 and a paralogue of omp29 clinical measurements by UNC perio probe. ζ to compensate the absence of periodontal CM Universal Post; Group (slim & short) were deleted (DN) (n=15). Sham-inoculated e impression was performed at baseline ligament on implant restoration. Finding an 2.0Øx2.0mm - Modi ed CM Universal Post. abutments served as negative control (n=15). and 6, 12, 24 months to analyze the alteration optimal abutment design could improve the Cyclic isometric chewing movements (5Hz) Sterile titanium implants were transmucosally of soft tissue volume, using CBCT analysis mechanical behavior of the composite resin were simulated by axial loading, starting inserted into rat maxillary alveolar ridge. e (Accuitomo®, J. Morita, Kyoto, Japan). e crown. Purpose: e aim of this study was with 200N, by stages of 400N, 600N, 800N, abutments with or without established Aa images were reconstructed on a personal to assess the mechanical behavior of CAD/ 1,000N, 1,200N and 1,400N, at a maximum bio lm were attached to implants and were computer using specially designed I-VIEW CAM composite resin crowns bonded to of 25,000x each. Samples were loaded until followed up for 6 weeks. Micro-CT imaging software ( J. Morita, Kyoto, Japan). All teeth 3 di erent metal implant abutments. e fracture or to a maximum of 175,000x. e was performed at 3- and 6-week intervals to at the baseline image and at the images at hypothesis considered is that the axial and three groups were compared using the life examine peri-implant bone volume. Results: di erent time period were superimposed and occlusal thickness of the crown restorative table survival analysis (Logrank test at P = An in ammatory response characterized by analyzed at the same position using image material would have an in uence on the 0.05). Results: e average load/cycles until clinical in ammation, bleeding, ulceration, subtraction analyzer. e result of subtraction stress distribution within the restoration. failure for Group α, β and ζ were respectively hyperplasia, and necrosis was observed around images showed augmented soft tissue. e Methods: A CAD software (SolidWorks 1,329N/155,924X; 1,071N/119,598X and bio lm-inoculated titanium abutments. amount of soft tissue augmentation relative 2013) and FEA package (Ansys Workbench 1,364N/166,073X. Survival rates ranged qPCR analysis of Aa was performed on to those at baseline was measured within 4 14.0) were used to create three nite element from 47% for α, 17% for β, and 76% for ζ implants at 6 weeks. e percentage of Aa mm below the nal gingival margin level at models of posterior maxilla segment with with a signi cant di erence in survival decreased by 75% for wild type and 99.8% the center of tooth. en, the volume of soft a single premolar implant restored with a probability (P < 0.0001). Most failures were for the mutants. Bone loss was noted in tissue augmentation per 1 mm width was composite resin crown. e e ect of three mixt cohesive and adhesive and some of them bone surrounding implants inoculated calculated. e Student’s t-test was used for abutment designs (4.0Øx4.0mm - control, were complete adhesive failure (no abutment with bacteria but not in shame-inoculated pairwise comparisons of CBCT-scan data. 2.0Øx4.0mm – slim, and 2.0Øx2.0mm – slim failure and no screw loosening). ose implants. Conclusion: ese results describe Statistical signi cance was given at p < 0.05 & short) on the maximum principal stress results are in agreement with the companion a novel animal model where Aa bio lm was Results: After 18 months, the percentage of (σmax) within the crown. All structures were numerical simulation study. Conclusion: established in vitro on titanium implant considered isotropic and bonded. Each model e 2-mm axial and occlusal reduction abutments prior to installation in rat oral root coverage for the type I, II, and III defects received an 800N axial load distributed to of the abutment (Group ζ 2.0Øx2.0mm) cavity, leading to an in ammatory response, was 100%, 100%, and 86%, respectively. both cusps. Results: e max value for the presented the highest survival rates, similar osteolysis, and tissue destruction. e result of this study showed a favorable crown was the highest with the slim abutment to that of the original abutment (Group α outcome in both root coverage and soft tissue (98MPa), followed by control (84MPa) and 4.0Øx4.0mm) but signi cantly better than augmentation by the application of VISTA slim & short (83MPa). e higher stresses group β (2.0Øx4.0mm). e thickness of technique. Initial gingival recession included within the restoration concentrated near the high performance polymer crowns will 1 mm in the Miller type I defects, 2.7 mm the axio-occlusal edge of the abutment and promote a more tooth-like damping behavior, in the type II, and 2.8 mm in the type III. at the occlusal grove. ose ndings are in resulting in a strong force absorption despite After mean follow up period of 18 months, agreement with the companion experimental the rigidity of the xture. 0 mm. was found in the type I and II defects, study. Conclusion: e design of the implant and 0.4 mm. in the type III defects. Clinical abutment in uences the stress distribution Poster #: 18 measurements clearly showed that complete within bonded composite resin crowns. Title: Periapical Actinomycosis Presented root coverage was achieved in type I and II Radiographically as Malignant-Like Lesion: defects, and 85% in type III defects at 18 Poster #: 17 Case Report month (Figure 2). e study cast analysis Title: Experimental Design Optimization Name: Diego Dalla-Bona revealed that the alteration of soft tissue of CAD/CAM Bonded Composite Resin Faculty Advisor: Saravanan Ram augmented volume was changed by tooth Implant Crowns type. Canine and premolar group showed Name: Rafaella Cid and Priscilla Lazari Background: Actinomycosis is a rare chronic slight increase in soft tissue volume from 12 Faculty Advisor: Pascal Magne infection caused by species of Actinomyces and month to 18 month as well as decrease in characterized by abscess formation, tissue those at both incisor and lateral incisor groups. Background: Composite resin crowns bonded brosis, suppurative lesions and stulas. Poster #: 20 is can be attributed to the anatomy of root to implant abutments have similar dynamic A patient with unusual malignancy like Title: Vestibular Incision Subperiosteal and cervical contour of tooth. Conclusion: response to load (damping behavior) when radiolucent lesion around the apices of her Tunnel Access for Soft Tissue Augmentation Long term results revealed that soft tissue compared to teeth with a simulated PDL. mandibular molars presented to our clinic. Name: Alfonso Gil augmentation and root coverage treatment Changing the design of the titanium abutment Purpose: To report a case treated in our Faculty Advisor: Homa Zadeh of Miller class I, II, and III recession defects (diameter and height) and consequently clinic. Methods: Hypothesis was not tested. using VISTA resulted in favorable clinical increasing the thickness of the polymer It is a case report. Results: Actinomycosis Background: In recent years, attempts to outcomes. Dynamics of soft tissue volumetric crown may in uence the exibility of the infection could present radiographically in a cover areas of deep, wide gingival recession change may be varied by tooth type. assembly and result in a higher rate of success di erent way and could be very destructive. were treated by a variety of techniques for USC Student Research Group (SRG) 41 Poster #: 21 distribution between cases and controls was with restorative materials, such as adhesively limitations, including the need for marginal Title: Local and Systemic Responses to observed for rs1042173 and rs4795541. e bonded resin composites. Nonetheless, most incisions that compromise the blood supply. Craniofacial Osteolytic Defects logistic regression analysis after correcting of these restorations fail within 5-7 years Outcome predictors have demonstrated Name: Sabina Hamid Faculty Advisor: for age, gender, smoking status, anxiety and mainly due to the development of secondary the signi cance of coronal positioning at Parish Sedghizadeh depression revealed no signi cant change caries. In recent years, the addition of least 2mm coronal to the CEJ in order to in the odds of having any of the genotypes antibacterial agents into the adhesive systems increase the likelihood of complete resolution Background: Peri-implantitis is an for rs1042173 or rs4795541. However, the has been investigated with the objective of of recession defects. Traditional suturing in ammatory process involving alveolar bone 5-HTTLPR LL genotype reduces the prolonging the life of such restorations by techniques are limited in their ability to x and alveolar mucosa. Previous Peri-implant likelihood of having RAS by 37%. Conclusion: reducing the incidence of secondary caries. the position of the gingival margin. e studies have innoculated speci c pathogenic is is the rst study to investigate the Purpose: To evaluate microtensile bond Vestibular Incision Subperiosteal Tunnel bacterial bio lms in a periodontitis animal association of the SLC6A4 gene with RAS. strength to human dentin and pH of a multi- Access (VISTA) technique has been model. is makes it di cult to elicit the Results from this study population indicate a mode adhesive system modi ed by adding developed in an attempt to address the role of speci c pathogens in the immune lack of association with RAS. Con rmatory di erent concentrations of an antibacterial limitations of current techniques. VISTA response, and may inaccurately represent the studies in other populations with larger agent. Methods: Crowns of twelve recently involves vestibular incision in an area remote pathogenic process due to arti cial bio lm sample may be warranted. extracted human third molars were sectioned the defect and elevation of a subperiosteal induction. Purpose: To examine the local and and assigned to four groups: A control tunnel. Once gingival margins are coronally systemic responses to craniofacial osteolytic, group (containing only the adhesive Adper positioned in a tension-free manner, the speci cally peri-implantitis defects, by using Scotchbond Universal, 3M ESPE) and three sutures holding gingival margins in coronal an Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans experimental groups with the same adhesive position are xated to each tooth with (Aa) bio lm-inoculated titanium implant containing di erent concentrations of tt- owable composite. e impressions were model and a calvarial lesion animal model farnesol (based on the minimum inhibitory taken at 6 and 1 year following the surgery. without an Aa bio lm. Methods: 30 ve concentration against S. mutans at 0.38%, All study casts were scanned by the intra oral month old rats were divided into two equal 1.93%, and 3.94% w/w). All samples were digital scanner (i-TeroTM) to evaluate the groups; Aa bio lm-inoculated implants, and etched with 35% phosphoric acid for 15 s soft tissue alteration according. Results: Data control implants. e implants were placed (ScotchBond Etchant, 3M ESPE), rinsed, from case series, which have documented transmucosally into the palate. Animals Poster #: 23 blot-dried, bonded with one of the four the e cacy of VISTA will be presented. were followed for 6 weeks post-operatively. Title: Long Term Outcomes of Regenerative adhesives, and restored with a microhybrid Conclusion: Innovative soft tissue coverage Bacterial samples of the Aa bio lm and that Approach for Treating Peri-Implantitis resin composite (Filtek Z250, 3M ESPE). technique, VISTA resulted in favorable of the control were collected from the surfaces Name: Vahid Khoshkam ey were stored in distilled water for 24 h, clinical outcomes. Using the intra oral digital of the implants after 1 to 14 days, and 1 to Faculty Advisor: Homa Zadeh sectioned in X/Y direction to obtain sticks scanner (i-TeroTM) was the best method to 3 weeks. Clinical in ammation, micro-CT with a cross sectional area of 0.8±0.2 mm2, measure the volumetric analysis. of bone volume, PCR of Aa persistence and Background: Regenerative procedures, and then tested for µTBS in a universal Western blot analysis of antibody production applying the concept of the guided bone testing machine (Instron 5965, Instron) at a Poster #: 26 were all evaluated. Results: In the Aa model, regeneration (GBR) are implemented to crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. Additionally, Title: e Quality of Reporting of chronic in ammation was observed when rebuild peri-implant supporting bone. e pH values were recorded for the adhesives Systematic Reviews in Periodontology Aa was introduced via an implant delivery e ectiveness of regenerative procedures have in all experimental groups and mean values Journals system. In non-Aa controls, only transient been measured by a variety of radiographic calculated. All data was analyzed using one- Name: Husain Mohammad acute in ammation was observed, and this and clinical parameters, and among them way ANOVA followed by Tukey HSD and Faculty Advisor: Kian Kar resolved fully post operatively. Conclusion: are radiographic bone ll (RBF), probing Dunnett post-hoc tests (α=0.05). In addition, e results of this study con rmed that the depth (PD) reduction, clinical attachment two specimens per group were processed for Background: Systematic reviews (SR) intend craniofacial osteolytic lesion alone without level (CAL) gain, and reduction of bleeding nanoleakage using FESEM and CLSM. to synthesize the vast amount of published the introduction of Aa does not result in on probing (BOP) Purpose: e purpose of Results: Only the experimental group at primary research to answer a focused research local and systemic pathology or mortality. this systematic review was to evaluate long- 0.38% showed no statistical di erence from question. Validated instruments have been Further clinical study into this area would be term outcomes of regenerative procedures for the control group (0%) for microtensile bond developed to assess the quality of SR such useful in the understanding of host-pathogen treating peri-implantitis. Methods: Electronic strength. pH values for the three experimental as the Assessment of Multiple Systematic interactions. search of 5 databases and hand searching groups showed similar values with no Reviews (AMSTAR) and checklist by Glenny were performed to identify human trials that statistical di erence from the control group. and colleagues. Despite the best e orts of Poster #: 22 had treated more than 10 peri-implantitis Conclusion: e experimental multi-mode journals, previous research has shown that Title: Investigation of SLC6A4 Gene lesions using a regenerative approach with adhesive containing a concentration of 0.38% the quality of reporting of SR remains below Polymorphisms in Jordanian patients with the follow-up of at least 36 months. To meet tt-farnesol showed similar bond-strength and par impacting the evidence-based clinical RAS the inclusion criteria, studies had to report acidity compared to the control group. decision-making process. Purpose: To assess Name: Jumana Karasneh at least one of the following parameters: the quality of reporting of systematic reviews Faculty Advisor: Parish Sedghizadeh radiographic bone (RB) ll, probing depth Poster #: 25 with and without meta-analyses in two (PD) reduction, clinical attachment level Title: Volumetric Analysis of VISTA Using widely read periodontology journals, namely, Background: Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (CAL) gain, bleeding on probing (BOP) the Intraoral Digital Scanner (i-TeroTM) Journal of Periodontology ( JoP) and Journal (RAS) is a complex genetic disorder that reduction, and mucosal recession (MR). Name: Matthew Somerville of Clinical Periodontology ( JCP). Methods: can be triggered by several environmental e pooled weighted mean (WM) and the Faculty Advisor: Homa Zadeh Electronic search using Medline database, factors including anxiety. e serotonin 95% con dence CI of each variable were supplemented by hand search of JoP and transporter gene (SLC6A4) which encodes estimated. Results: Searches yielded 1412 Background: Gingival recession is a common JCP was done independently and in duplicate the serotonin transporter (5-HTT) is linked records and after evaluating titles, abstracts manifestation in most populations. Root by two reviewers (HM & SK). AMSTAR to stress and regulates serotonin signaling. and full-texts, 5 case series and 1 controlled surface exposure resulting from gingival statement and Glenny’s checklist were used to Furthermore, polymorphisms in SLC6A4 trial were included for quantitative data recession may also create root caries, dental evaluate the reporting quality of the selected have been associated with a pro-in ammatory synthesis. Meta-analysis for the amount of hypersensitivity, and esthetic problem. e systematic reviews from both journals state. Purpose: e aim of this study was to RB ll revealed a weighted mean of 2.41 mm signi cance of any gingival recession may published in the years 2010 and 2013. Results: investigate if there is an association between (ranged from 1.46 mm to 3.30 mm) with 95% vary considerably depending on the etiology, AMSTAR items #4 (status of publication, RAS and functional polymorphisms in the CI. For PD reduction, the weighted mean extent and associated symptoms in each case. i.e., gray literature); #10 (publication SLC6A4 gene. Methods: A case-control was 3.06 mm (ranged from 1.24 mm to 5.21 In addition, the technologies that have made bias) and #11 (con ict of interest) were association study including 100 Jordanian mm). Conclusion: ere is limited evidence the use of three-dimensional (3D) digital consistently scored low in both the journals RAS patients and 150 age- gender- and in the literature reporting long term results scanners an integral part of many industries and years of assessment whereas items #1 (a ethnically-matched controls was conducted. of regenerative approach for treating peri- for decades have been improved and re ned priori design) and #6 (characteristics of the One 44 bp insertion/deletion polymorphism implantitis. for application to dentistry. e advantage of included studies) were consistently scored (5-HTTLPR) in the promoter region using the intra oral digital scanner is to be high. Glenny checklist #D (published and (rs4795541) and four SNPs were genotyped; Poster #: 24 superior in accuracy of gingival examination un-published literature); #E (languages rs28914828, rs1042173, rs25531 and Title: Adhesive E ectiveness of a Multi- than traditional gingival examination using considered) and #J (quality assessment by at rs28914834. Genotyping was conducted mode Adhesive Containing tt-farnesol periodontal probe. Purpose: is study aimed least 2 reviewers) were consistently scored low using PCR-RFLP technique. Association Name: Diana Leyva to report the e cacy of Vestibular Incision in both the journals and years of assessment was assessed by logistic regression analysis. Faculty Advisor: Sillas Duarte Subperiosteal Tunnel Access treatment of whereas #A (focused question), #B (search for Results: e rs28914828, rs28914834 and multiple recession defects using the intra appropriate papers), and #M (results display) rs25531 markers were not polymorphic in Background: Dental caries is the most oral digital scanner (i-TeroTM). Methods: were all consistently scored high. Conclusion: the Jordanian population. No signi cant prevalent and costly oral infectious disease A variety of techniques are available for e quality of reporting of SR in JoP and JCP di erence in the genotype or allele in the world. It is usually treated by removal treatment of multiple contiguous recession can be improved according to evaluation by and replacement of infected tooth tissues defects. e available techniques have AMSTAR and Glenny statements. 42 Poster #: 27 by histology examination. Quantitative – Active caries in exposed dentin either use. Additional research is needed using a Title: Surgical Treatment of Peri-Implantitis histomorphometric analysis was performed depth is halfway to pulp OR size is more larger sample size and with varied patient Name: Navid Sharifzadeh (NIH Image J software) to identify osteoid than half of tooth 4) Missing Restoration populations. USC IRB #UP-14-00504 bone, connective tissue, and residual / Fracture – see criteria for #3 5) Abscess – Background: e primary goal of peri- xenograft. Results: A total of 39 samples were Periodontal Abscess with suppuration 6) Poster #: 31 implantitis treatment is cessation of disease processed for histologic examination and Patient Symptoms - Persistent Pain 7) Title: “BEET” High Blood Pressure progression to maintain the implant in stained with H&E and Tricrhome, followed Periapical Radiolucency – Presence of PARL Name: Lucy Hua, Jane Law, and Cassie function with stable peri-implant tissue. by histomorphometric analysis. Histologic 8) Radiographic Decay - see criteria for #3 Lowe Regeneration of the lost bone can be helpful observations revealed strongly eosinophilic Conclusion: Cardiac clearance patients to reduce the magnitude of the bone defect. osseous tissue containing round to ovoid are recommended to receive a panoramic Background: e circulating nitrates from One of the main obstacles of regeneration is osteocytes within lacunae demonstrating radiograph or full mouth series prior to vegetables are bioactivated by oral micro ora the presence of hard and soft bio lm, which is its viability. Distinct reversal lines were clinical dental evaluation. However, intraoral to produce nitrite (Govoni, et. al., 2008). di cult to remove. Various decontamination evident in the woven bone, and in areas evaluations without radiographs have also Systemic nitrite is then metabolized into procedures have been proposed, though there of active apposition osteoblastic cells with been shown to have good sensitivity and nitric oxide, which plays a signi cant role is no consensus about the most e ective large nuclei, occasional nucleoli and granular speci city with visual and tactile examination. in the reduction of blood pressure (Govoni, protocol. Purpose: e present case report cytoplasm were seen rimming the bone Research suggests tooth extraction should be et. al., 2008). A recent study has shown provides a protocol, which will include and occasional osteoclasts were observed conservative and limited only to dentition that individuals who consume nitrate-rich implant surface decontamination, as well as within Howship’s lacunae or resorption pit with active or high likelihood of infection vegetables and also use Chlorhexidine-based regeneration. Methods: e protocol will adjacent to osteoblasts, all indicating active six months post-op. Eight categories are antiseptic mouthwash actually experienced a begin with removal of the prosthesis and remodeling of the bone. Hematopoietic cells recommended for use as a standardized 2-3/5mmHg increase in their blood pressure mucoperiosteal ap elevation. Hard bio lms and erythrocytes were observed in the lumen framework to aid in the decision of tooth (Kapil, et.al., 2013). Purpose: is review are removed by titanium brush in conjunction of the blood vessels within the brovascular extraction, thereby ensuring patients are will study the e ect of Chlorhexidine and with air powder abrasion and hydro uoric stroma that surrounds the bone. e mean provided the best and most consistent level emphasize the importance of manual plaque acid gel etching. Autogenous bone shavings percentage of vital bone, residual graft and of care. removal in order to utilize all of the bene ts are harvested within the same surgical area, connective tissue found within the core from ones diet. Methods: Seven healthy combined with anorganic bovine bone sample were 35%, 14%, 51%, respectively. non-smoking volunteers, from ages 24-51 minerals (ABBM) and covered with collagen According to age of patients, the density of were enlisted. Two separate experiments membrane. Primary coverage is obtained to bone in patients younger than 50 years old were conducted to determine the plasma and submerge the implants during the healing was signi cantly greater than those, aged salivary levels of nitrate and nitrite. Within period. After 3 months, the implants are from 70 to 80 years old. is di erence was the control and mouthwash group each exposed and the prosthesis is reconnected. statistically signi cant (p<0.05). Although, a test subject had their blood drawn every 30 Results: Clinical and radiographic outcomes statistical di erence was not found, there was minutes before and after ingesting sodium have demonstrated signi cant regeneration a trend that as the age of the patient increased, nitrate. Results: After nitrate ingestion in of peri-implant bone and soft tissues. 11 the percentage of vital bone decreased. both groups, the levels of nitrate had no implants have been treated in 7 patients Conclusion: is study demonstrated, signi cant di erence. But in the mouthwash using this protocol. Radiographic outcome therefore, that age is a determining factor of groups the oral bacteria was destroyed and demonstrated gain of marginal bone of bone density in a healed grafted extraction therefore, the levels of nitrite remained between 2.0 to 5.4 mm with the mean socket. Furthermore, the histologic response extremely low throughout the rest of the of 3 mm. In one case, two implants were of extraction sites following this ridge experiment. Conclusion: e ingestion of reconstructed in this manner and during preservation protocol demonstrated its Dental Hygiene vegetables increases the nitric oxide levels the second stage surgery, it was discovered e cacy in generating adequate vital bone to in our body, which may cause vasodilatory that implants were fractured. e implants support implant osseointegration. e ects. In order to maximize the bene t of were removed and histologic evaluation Poster #: 30 our diet, we should focus more on e ective was performed, demonstrating signi cant Poster #: 29 Title: Validity and Utility of ADHA’s manual plaque removal through ossing, evidence of new bone regeneration around Title: Comparing and Standardizing In- Hyposalivation with Xerostomia Screening brushing and additional aids. Our role as the treated implants. Conclusion: Within the Patient Consultation Protocols for Cardiac Tool dental hygienist and responsibility to educate scope of this case series, regeneration of peri- Clearance Patients Name: Kristel-Mae Caganap our patient is crucial. We want to enhance our implant bone and soft tissue is achievable via Name: Michelle Tsao Faculty Advisor: Ann Eshenaur Spolarich patient’s knowledge about mouthwash so that utilizing this treatment protocol. Faculty Advisor: Richard Green they can become more mindful of how they Background: e ADHA HXST was use it. Poster #: 28 Background: Odontogenic infections can designed to assess risk for hyposalivation Title: Histological Analysis of Extraction compromise the outcome of cardiac surgery with xerostomia in at-risk patients. Purpose: Poster #: 32 Sockets Grafted with Anorganic Bovine by increasing morbidity, delaying wound e purpose of this study was twofold. First, Title: Transmission of Streptococcus mutans Bone healing, and extending hospital stays. Dental to test the validity of the ADHA HXST to from Mother to Predentate Infant Name: Azadeh Tavari extractions of compromised teeth are often detect hyposalivation as compared to salivary Name: Cara Mang performed prior to surgery. e American ow rate measures. Second, to test utility of Faculty Advisor: Joan Beleno Background: Alveolar ridge resorption Heart Association recommends dental the ADHA HXST in dental hygiene practice. following tooth extraction has been considered clearance for patients undergoing valvular Methods: (Phase I) USC School of Dentistry Background: One of the most outstanding an unfavorable yet expected outcome which operations. However, little research has guidelines were followed to collect both statistics that still holds true today is the poses negative e ects on the subsequent been conducted on methods for evaluating unstimulated and stimulated saliva samples prevalence of dental caries in young children. treatment of extraction site. ese e ects dentition for extractions. Purpose: To in ten volunteers. Volunteers received a e Surgeon General’s report in 2000 include esthetic and functional concerns, compare protocols for in-patient extraction clinical examination and a risk assessment identi ed dental caries as the most prevalent such as inadequate dimensions of bone for consultations for cardiac clearance patients score using the tool. Correlation analysis was chronic childhood disease which is ve times implant placement. ough multiple ridge across hospitals in the state of California used to compare subjects’ ow rates with risk more common than asthma. e current preservation procedures have been introduced and to create a standardized universal assessment scores. (Phase II) irty dental dental paradigm adopts the construct that to reduce this resorption, the biological and protocol based on compiled data and existing hygienists were given the tool for use with Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) is a highly clinical outcomes of the healing process have literature. Methods: All fourteen general their patients on one workday. Afterwards, virulent pathogen which is the primary not been adequately described. Purpose: e practice residency program directors in they completed an online survey to rate the etiologic agent of dental caries, and is only purpose of this study was to examine the California were contacted to obtain existing utility of the tool, and to determine how viable on mineralized surfaces (Kuramitsu, histologic response of tissue in extraction protocols for in-patient cardiac clearances. its use in uenced their practice behaviors. 1993, Hamada and Slade, 1980). However, sockets in anticipation of implant placement. eir responses, in addition to peer-reviewed Descriptive statistics were used to report utility according to a recent study performed by Methods: e extraction socket of previously research were analyzed to establish a protocol measures. Results: For Phase I, there was no Plonka et al. in 2011, S. mutans was found in determined hopeless teeth were grafted with for dental cardiac clearances. Results: Six of signi cant correlation between unstimulated the oral cavities of predentate infants as little large particle size (1-2mm) cancellous bovine fourteen directors responded. None reported ow rate and risk score (Spearman’s rho=0.0, as 34 days after birth (Plonka et al. 2012). anorganic bone: ABBM (Bio-Oss®: Geistlich a standardized protocol for evaluating p>0.05) or between stimulated ow rate and is novel research indicates that S. mutans is Pharama AG, Switzerland) and covered with dentition for cardiac surgeries. From risk score (Spearman’s rho = 0.32, p=0.36). in fact viable in the oral cavity of predentate a PTFE membrane (Cytoplast™ GBR- literature, eight categories were established to For Phase II, time was noted as the biggest infants. is is a huge discovery, as many 200: Osteogenics, USA). Bone cores of 3.3 evaluate the need for dental extractions. If a barrier for use (n= 9, 45%). 13 participants health care providers still believe S. Mutans mm diameter were obtained at the time of tooth meets any of these criteria, extraction is (65%) would consider future use of the tool. cannot be present with out teeth. A plethora implant placement, at a mean of 127 days, recommended: 1) Mobility – Miller mobility Conclusion: ADHA HXST was not a valid of current resources indicate that and ranging from 91 to 180 days following class III or beyond 2) Clinical Attachment tool for assessing risk for hyposalivation. Time ridge preservation grafting and evaluated Loss - >7mm 3) Clinical Presence of Decay needed to complete the tool was a barrier to USC Student Research Group (SRG) 43 inoculation of the highly cariogenic S.mutans sites for regeneration and repair in addition conducted a literature analysis on current care. Purpose: rough collaboration of from mother to child occurs well before to decreasing post-operative recovery time. biomimetic techniques and their e cacy occupational therapy and dental hygiene, tooth eruption. Purpose: e cariogenic PRF is developed from autologous blood, in vivo testing. From there, we were able to identify oral health behaviors and barriers disease process begins in predentate infants. and therefore is safe and ideal. We would determine past discoveries and the potential people with SMI face and create an oral Prevalence and incidence of S. mutans like to inform patients and hygienists about biomimetics held. e literature we focused health educational and advocacy program in young children can be controlled and the applications of PRF in periodontal on was from Dr. Janet Oldak’s study on to address their needs. Methods: One-on- reduced. erefore, promoting oral hygiene and oral surgery. Purpose: e purpose of synthesizing HAP crystals. e methods of one interviews of 15 people with SMI at a education programs for pregnant women, this presentation is to inform patients and this study are as followed: 1. Amelogenin wellness center were conducted to determine women who plan to become mothers, hygienists about the applications of PRF Preparation of rP172, a speci c amelogenin attitudes, behaviors, and barriers to obtaining and mothers of infants, is imperative to in dentistry. Methods: Bene ts and risks protein that is vital for tooth formation. 2. care. Based on this assessment, a Facilitator’s mitigating the risk of transmission from are assessed from research and professional Tooth Slice Preparation: Teeth were cut Manual and Client Workbook were created mother to child. Future implications of this journals. Results: ere have been no longitudinally in 0.1-0.2 cm wide sections to support implementation of an educational suggest that education of mothers and other statistically signi cant clinical results in using a water-cooled slow speed diamond program, and community resources were caregivers is necessitated to reduce infectivity bone regeneration or pocket depth reduction; saw. Surfaces were then acid etched with 30% identi ed and contacted. A post-program and prevalence of S. mutans. Suppression of however, PRF in periodontal and oral surgery phosphoric acid for 30 seconds and then rinsed survey was administered to identify changes pathogens includes restorative treatment has been shown to reduce in ammation, pain, with deionized water. 3. Application of CS- and program success. Results: rough this for active caries, nutritional counseling, oral and postoperative recovery time. Conclusion: AMEL: 20 mcL of chitosan-based hydrogel collaborative pilot-project, 47% of the clients hygiene education, scaling and root planning, It’s important to be aware of procedures that was applied to enamel surface and dried in completed the full program, of which 43% uoride treatment have proven to reduce are emerging in the dental eld involving ambient conditions. It was then immersed in were able to obtain dental care. Educational infectivity potential, and should be a part of tissue regeneration as well as understanding 30 mL of arti cial saliva at 37 degrees Celsius resources were developed for ongoing use treatment therapy in the future. Methods: the positive and adverse e ects when planning for 7 days. 4. Characterization: Results were and program sustainability. For the consistent Study analysis was performed using the a patient’s treatment. determined by using a Scanning electron core of participants, knowledge and behaviors USC PubMed database. All studies used microscope (SEM), X-ray di raction (XRD), improved. Conclusion: Interprofessional mother infant pairs to determine infectivity Poster #: 34 and High resolution transmission electron practice is necessary to create programs for potential and gather data. All studies used for Title: What’s ‘HAP’ing? microscopy (HR-TEM) were used to test people with SMI and to reduce barriers they our research were within 20 years. Results: A Name: Jennifer Stone the remineralization, hardness, modulus, and face in maintaining their oral health and study illustrated that 71% of genotypes were Faculty Advisor: Joan Beleno connectivity of CS-AMEL to the etched obtaining care. identical in strains of S. mutans cultured from enamel. 5. Antimicrobial evaluation: Real mother-infant pairs. Recent clinical studies Background: Enamel, the outer layer of the saliva with Lysogeny broth was used in both demonstrate that S. mutans can colonize the tooth, is a hard biomineral with remarkable chitosan-containing amelogenin and solitary mouths of predentate infants; the furrows fracture and wear resistance to protect the amelogenin. e two test dishes sat overnight of the tongue appear to be an important inner, sensitive layers of the teeth from in 37 degrees Celsius. Results: To further ecological niche. e major reservoir from physical and chemical damages. Its structure optimize the CS-AMEL hydrogel application which infants acquire S. mutans is their ranges from the microscale of enamel rods method, the hydrogel and AS Solution were mothers. A study showed that incidence to the nanoscale of tightly-packed crystals replaced every two days for 7 days to observe of infection was 9 times greater when the organized into a robust, interwoven structure. its e ects on the enamel regrowth process. mother had greater than 105 CFU versus Before the tooth surfaces, the structure of Based on the SEM images, the replacement of mothers with less than 103 CFU (58% versus the enamel is developed by enamel cells that the hydrogel and the AS Solution developed a 6%). Several clinical studies in which S. secrete a protein, amelogenin to regulate dense, synthetic layer with organized, enamel- mutans strains were isolated from mothers the growth and organization of crystalline like crystal structures. us, the optimization and their babies exhibited similar or identical enamel rods. However, once the tooth of the application method signi cantly bacteriocin pro les and identical plasmid or surfaces, the cells and protein in the enamel impacted the enamel regrowth process in Graduate Post- chromosomal DNA patterns. Conclusion: degrade, leaving behind an inorganic, mature repairing larger caries, since su cient ions According to a recent study performed by enamel structure. erefore, if mature enamel are provided by the AS Solution to allow Plonka et al. in 2011, S. mutans was found is substantially damage, it cannot regenerate. the hydrogel to form rigid and continuous Doctoral Trainee in the oral cavities of predentate infants Even though the enamel is hardest substance regrowth layers. Conclusion: In summary, as little as 34 days after birth (Plonka et al. in the body, it can be damaged overtime this biomimetic approach of synthesizing 2012). is novel research indicates that S. by excessive plaque buildup and bacterial amelognin uorinated hydroxyapatite crystals Poster #: 36 mutans is in fact viable in the oral cavity of growth, leading to the formation of dental for enamel rejuvenation was proven to have Title: Expression of Recombinant predentate infants. A plethora of current caries (cavities). If these caries are not treated great potential in the restorative dental Phosphorylated Amelogenin in Microalgae: resources indicate that inoculation of the early on, the cavities grow larger and a ect materials eld. It not only forms a seamless A New Approach highly cariogenic S.mutans from mother the sensitive layers of the teeth, eventually bond to the vital enamel, it also shows Name: Karthik Balakrishna to child occurs well before tooth eruption. leading to infection and even tooth loss. increased hardness and modules, as well as, an Faculty Advisor: Janet Oldak Research ndings reveal that the prevalence Currently, enamel damage is among the antimicrobial property. is would elongate of S. mutans increases with frequency and world’s most common health problems, so the longevity of a restoration and minimize Background: e enamel matrix protein amount of exposure. Newborns have sterile a proper treatment is crucial. Purpose: e the risk of recurrent caries. While similar amelogenin plays a key role in enamel oral cavities at birth. What was found is that conventional restorative treatment for enamel experiments have made similar attempts, the biomineralization. e phosphorylated infants whose mothers have high levels of damage involves drilling out the damaged CS-AMEL shows great potential for clinical serine in position 16 of amelogenin is MS, a result of untreated caries, are at greater areas and lling the area with materials, like use due to it’s biologically safe nature that is believed to be important for its function risk of acquiring the organism earlier than metals or ceramics. However, even after this viable not only in ambient conditions, but also in controlling crystal formation. Attempts children whose mothers have low levels. treatment, secondary caries develop overtime in a patient’s mouth. to express recombinant amelogenin with due to the microscopic cracks caused by the serine 16 being phosphorylated have Poster #: 33 the drilling technique and the weakening Poster #: 35 been challenging. Purpose: To develop Title: Heal y Self adhesion between the ller material and the Title: Oral Health Knowledge and Behaviors microalgae system as an e cient and cost- Name: Connie Sanchez damaged enamel structure, which causes of Clients with Mental Illness e ective platform to express large amounts Faculty Advisor: Joan Beleno further damage on the teeth. us, there is a Name: Andrea Wong of phosphorylated amelogenin. Methods: need for improvement in the durability and Faculty Advisor: Jane Forrest e DNA template of porcine amelogenin Background: Periodontal disease commonly adhesion of restorative materials that would was transformed into Chlamydomonas a ects individuals leading to the destruction enable the material to rigidly adhere to the Background: Clients living with a severe reinhardtii cells using a “nuclear expression” of bone and gingival tissues. For these a ected enamel surface. Recently, an amelogenin- mental illness (SMI) have poor oral health. vector. e positive transformants were individuals, periodontal surgery is commonly chitosan hydrogel (CS-AMEL) was Barriers faced include access to care, negative grown under constant illumination and recommended to remove subgingival bio lm developed to promote the organized growth side-e ects of psychotropic medications (e.g., harvested through centrifugation. After deposits in the attempts to reduce pocket of a synthetic enamel-like layer on the surface xerostomia/dry mouth), poor awareness and initial processing, the proteins were puri ed depth formation. Because of the invasive of a damaged. e regrown synthetic layer perceptions of dental needs, and lack of oral through a reverse-phase HPLC column. nature of periodontal surgery, post-operative formed in the hydrogel signi cantly improved health education. e negative oral health e peak fractions were characterized by pain and discomfort will always be a factor the structure and hardness of etched enamel. implications are primarily related to the side Western blotting and by mass spectroscopy these patients must experience. Platelet-rich Importantly, this biomimetic in-situ regrowth e ects of psychotropic medications, poor diet analysis. Results: Amelogenin expression brin (PRF), a matrix of white blood cells of enamel-like crystals generated a robust (which may increase caries), and a higher was observed by SDS-PAGE following two containing concentrated amounts of blood enamel-restoration interface between the incidence of tobacco use. Collaborative months of culture. Four peaks were isolated clotting proteins, immunologic proteins, synthetic layer and the damaged enamel, e orts among healthcare providers are by HPLC fractionation and con rmed to and growth factors targets the induction which ensures the e cacy and durability of thought to reduce many of the barriers be amelogenin by Western blotting. All four the restorative treatment. Methods: We rst and provide more e cient and optimal fractions showed MW of 25 kDa, indicative 44 of full-length amelogenin. Mass spectroscopy and compare e ect sizes for short-term e ect. Conclusion: In conclusion, epicardial Poster #: 41 analysis of one major fraction con rmed changes in BMI, diet, and physical activity. EMT is largely dependent on PRMT1. Title: N c-Hedgehog Signaling Cascade the presence of at least two phosphorylated Methods: Design: Pilot randomized control Epicardial cells also promote cardiomyocyte Participates in Apical Growth of Root serines and one phosphorylated threonine. trial Participants: Partial referred sample from hypertrophy, which is enhanced in epicardial Name: Yang Liu Conclusion: Amelogenin was phosphorylated the SUSTAIN trial. Inclusion criteria: Adults cells that have undergone EMT in a PRMT1 Faculty Advisor: Yang in the nucleus of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (≥40 years) with ischemic stroke or TIA ≥90 dependent manner. ese studies establish but the phosphorylation state was di erent days prior; English- or Spanish-speaking. a role for protein methylation in the EMT Background: N c and Hedgehog signaling than native amelogenin. Amelogenin has Randomization strati ed by SUSTAIN process, and could lead to treatments for heart were important for root development but the potential to be phosphorylated at more randomization arm and language (English failure and other diseases a ected by EMT. the mechanism has not been investigated. than one site. Comparison between native vs. Spanish). Setting: Rehabilitation hospital Purpose: To investigate the role of Hedgehog phosphorylated amelogenin and amelogenin outpatient therapy clinic. Interventions: (Hh) signaling and its relationship with expressed in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii may Weekly 2-hour small group sessions led by N c in apical papilla growth during root provide insight into the nature of kinases in an OT for 6 weeks focusing on nutrition, development. Methods: LacZ staining was enamel formation. physical activity, and self-management. performed in Gli1lacZ/+. HE staining was Approach included: didactic presentation; performed on control mice at several stages. Poster #: 37 peer exchange; activity participation; and Gli1-creER; TdTomato / + was tamoxifen- Title: BMP Activity Regulates Dental personal exploration. Key elements included: induced and sectioned for lineage tracing. Mesenchymal Lineage Commitment during activity-based setting; client goal setting; Gli1-creER; SmoM2 / was generated, Root Development overcoming potential obstacles; participation tamoxifen-induced, and sacri ced for micro- Name: Jifan Feng in activities; everyday routine; self-e cacy CT, HE and immuno-staining. Gli1lacZ/+ was Faculty Advisor: Yang Chai and self-management skills. Main Outcome injected with Hh inhibitor, sacri ced for Measure(s): BMI: 18.5-24.9 kg/m2; 5% micro-CT, HE and immuno-staining. For Background: e apical region of immature weight reduction; change in BMI. Diet: rescue experiments, N c -/- pups were injected human teeth contains a distinct mesenchymal great than 5 servings of fruits/vegetables Poster #: 40 with Hh inhibitor, and then sacri ced for stem cell (MSC) population, namely stem per day; change in number of servings of Title: BMP-SHH Interaction Controls HE and immuno-staining. RNA-seq was cells of the apical papilla (SCAPs), which is fruits/vegetables per day. Physical activity: Epithelial Stem Cell Fate in Developing performed on the tooth of N c -/- and control, potentially crucial for root formation during 90 minutes per week of moderate activity; Tooth and ChIP was done to con rm the direct postnatal tooth development. Purpose: change in minutes of physical activity per Name: Jingyuan Li regulation of N c on Hedgehog signaling. Despite their in vitro MSC characteristics, week. Results: Results: Phase 1 completed. Faculty Advisor: Yang Chai Results: During root development, Gli1 there is limited understanding of how SCAPs Total number enrolled as of January 2014: expression can be detected in the apical region. undergo odontogenic lineage commitment 41 (41% of target). 15 English speakers Background: During embryogenesis, Using a Gli1-creER/loxP system, progenitor in vivo during development. Because BMP and 26 Spanish Speakers. 6 group clinics ectodermal stem cells adopt di erent fates, cells can be targeted during root development. signaling is an important regulator of completed: 3 English and 3 Spanish. 32 generate a variety of tissue-speci c stem cells, Constitutive activation or inhibition of Hh early tooth development and odontogenic participants completed 6-month follow up. and form diverse ectodermal organs, such as signaling pathway in root progenitor cells by di erentiation of dental mesenchymal stem Phase 2 (n=59) and formative evaluation is in teeth, hair follicles, mammary glands, and Gli1-creER; SmoM2 / or Hh inhibitor led to cells in vitro, we hypothesize that BMP progress. Conclusion: Conclusion: HEALS salivary glands. Although these ectodermal reduced root length. Gli1 expression in the signaling may also regulate apical papilla Phase 1 suggests that a six week lifestyle organs share common morphological and molar tooth germs of N c -/- mice was stronger, stem/progenitor cells to undergo odontogenic management program consisting of a 2-hour molecular features, they di er in their especially in the apical region, suggesting up- di erentiation in vivo. Methods: We rst small group format, healthy lifestyle content, tissue homeostasis, which leads to di ering regulation of Hh activity in the progenitor investigated the in vivo identities of SCAPs and led by an occupational therapist may be abilities for continuous growth postnatally. cells during root development in N c -/- mice. and their relationship with BMP signaling feasible for the proposed population. Mouse incisors retain the ability to grow Upon applying Hh inhibitor, elevated Gli1 during root development. We then disrupted continuously, whereas mouse molars lose this expression in N c -/- was attenuated, and the BMP signaling in the apical mesenchymal Poster #: 39 ability. BMP/TGFβ signaling regulates dental apical papilla growth defect was partially cells in vivo utilizing a transgenic mouse Title: Protein Methylation in Epithelial to epithelial stem cells during development, but rescued. N c regulated Hh signaling pathway model to investigate the functional Mesenchymal Transition of Epicardial Cells. the mechanism involved remains unclear. by directly binding to the promoter of Hh requirement of mesenchymal BMP signaling Name: Olan Jackson-Weaver Purpose: Our aim was therefore to determine inhibitor Hhip. Conclusion: N c functions in their fate determination during tooth Faculty Advisor: Jian Xu whether/how BMP/TGFβ signaling as a Hedgehog signaling inhibitor during morphogenesis. Results: We identi ed the in contributes to the di erential fate of epithelial root development to maintain proper apical vivo cell population with MSC charateristics Background: e epithelial to mesenchymal stem cells in postnatal tooth development. papilla growth. that support postnatal molar mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an important cellular Methods: We utilized developing mouse development. Interestingly, BMP signaling mechanism in a diverse range of biological molars from di erent mutant models to Poster #: 42 is active in the more di erentiated cells processes such as development, wound identify the key signaling pathway controlling Title: Ameloblastin and Amelogenin adjacent to but exclusive from the MSCs. healing, cancer metastasis, and organ brosis. epithelial stem cell fate. Results: In this study, Cooperate to Maintain the Enamel Rod- Furthermore, disruption of BMP signaling EMT is a key mechanism for epicardial cell we investigated the di erence in epithelial Interrod Morphology in the root mesenchyme in mutant mice activation and di erentiation. Epicardial stem cell dynamics between post-natal mouse Name: Parachita Mazumder resulted in a di erentiation defect and cells are mesothelial cells lining the heart incisors and molars. We found that Sox2+ Faculty Advisor: Janet Oldak increased undi erentiated cells. Conclusion: that are important progenitors and a source stem cells exist transiently during molar Our results demonstrate that BMP signaling of growth factors during development. development, contribute to all epithelial cell Background: e regulation of organized is required for the in vivo odontogenic Our recent work has established an lineages of the molar and disappear prior to growth of enamel crystals and their lineage commitment of MSCs during tooth important function for the protein arginine root formation. Furthermore, tissue-speci c assembly into prisms is dependent on the morphogenesis. methyltransferase PRMT1 in EMT. Purpose: loss of Smad4 in the dental epithelium results proper functions of enamel matrix proteins We hypothesized that PRMT1 is important in ectopic activation of SHH-Gli1 signaling (amelogenin, ameloblastin and enamelin). Poster #: 38 for EMT in an epicardial cell line (MEC- and prolonged maintenance of Sox2+ dental Protein-protein, protein-mineral and Title: Healthy Eating and Lifestyle After 1) and the interplay between epicardial cells epithelial stem cells and their niche during protein-cell interactions all are believed to Stroke: A Pilot Study and cardiomyocytes. Methods: Cell culture, post-natal molar development. e BMP- play important roles. Our quantitative co- Name: Valerie Hill western blots, real-time PCR, siRNA. Smad4, but not the TGFβ-Smad4, signaling localization study suggested that amelogenin- Faculty Advisor: Florence Clark Results: We found that PRMT1 is required cascade regulates Sox2+ stem cell maintenance ameloblastin protein complexes may be for a subset of the EMT marker changes in during molar development. BMP-Smad4- the functional entities at the early stage of Background: Stroke is the leading cause of epicardial EMT. Surprisingly, many of these SHH-Gli1 signaling network may provide enamel mineralization. It has been proposed disability and 3rd leading cause of death in EMT protein changes were regulated post- a niche supporting transient Sox2+ dental that after cleavage the N-terminal segment the US. Stroke survivors have high rates transcriptionally. Furthermore, PRMT1 epithelial stem cells in mouse molars. In of ameloblastin di uses into the enamel of subsequent coronary events, recurrent knockdown reduced MEC-1 migration parallel, ablation of Smad4 in the dental prism boundary and retained by hydrophobic cerebrovascular events, and mortality. Lifestyle and invasion, suggesting that PRMT1 is epithelium expands Sox2+ dental epithelial interactions with other proteins. In human factors reduce the risk of cardiovascular critical for epicardial function. Co-culture of stem cells and their niche in continuously and mice abnormal enamel phenotypes were disease and mortality. Healthy lifestyle MEC-1 cells with neonatal cardiomyocytes growing mouse incisors, through alteration observed due to the deletion of N-terminal practices reduce these risks, yet adherence caused cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, and in spatial distribution of SHH-Gli1 signaling segments (exons 5 and 6) of ameloblastin. to healthy lifestyle practices is poor among this was enhanced when MEC-1 cells were activity. Conclusion: Collectively, our study Purpose: To explore whether N-terminal stroke survivors and socioeconomically pre-treated with TGF-β to induce EMT. highlights the importance of crosstalk ameloblastin and amelogenin interact around disadvantaged race/ethnic minorities. Interestingly, MEC-1 cells treated with between two major pathways, BMP and the periphery of enamel rods and function Purpose: To conduct a pilot test of an PRMT1 siRNA also induced cardiomyocyte SHH, in the regulation of epithelial stem cell to protect the integrity of the prisms during outpatient post-stroke lifestyle intervention hypertrophy, but TGF-β pre-treatment of fate during organogenesis. maturation stage. Methods: We used in-vivo in a safety-net healthcare system to estimate these MEC-1 cells did not enhance this USC Student Research Group (SRG) 45 and ameloblastin in the enamel matrix of new infections are acquired through sexual failure of palatal elevation, caused by the p<0.05, fold change cut o : 2 and -2, number rst molar sections from 8-day-old mice. HIV transmission. Unprotected sex in tongue malposition and micrognathia of gene hit per pathway >1, % of total gene For further detailed study of interactions at heterosexual couples remains a considerable as demonstrated by in vitro and in vivo hits with number of gene hit per pathway molecular level we used confocal uorescence public health concern. Informations not fully experiments. Osr2-Cre;Erk2 / mice in >1. Results: e results obtained so far show resonance energy transfer (C-FRET). understood as well the optimism around which the mutation is restricted to the a close relationship between morphology, Results: We observed a sh-net pattern on the AIDS have changed the way of how people palatal mesenchyme did not display CP, cellular types and activities, and molecular enamel surface during the maturation stage. see the contamination. All these factors have con rming that CP in Wnt1-Cre;Erk2 signature at the stages analyzed in control Amelogenin co-localized with the N-terminal signi cantly impacted HIV behaviour, and mice is a secondary defect. e tongue embryos. Conclusion: Overall, the integration segment of ameloblastin around the prism the use of condoms has been decreasing. phenotypes in Wnt1-Cre;Erk2 / mice were of this data will facilitate the understanding boundary. FRET analysis con rmed that Microbicides is a essential weapon to prevent signi cantly rescued after in vitro culture of normal mandibular development and ameloblastin-amelogenin interactions occur and reduce the HIV transmission by vaginal in which the mandible was removed, will help further investigation on the causes at molecular level. Conclusion: Our study or gastrointestinal mucosa. Purpose: e indicating that the tongue malformation of craniofacial dysmorphology as well as suggests that at the boundaries of enamel goal of this research was to evaluate several in Erk2 mutants might be a secondary craniofacial tissue regeneration. prisms (“sheath space”) the N-terminal compounds from bio avonoids in order to defect. e primary malformation, i.e., ameloblastin together with amelogenin may determine the activity against HIV infection. micrognathia with mandibular asymmetry, Poster #: 47 prevent inter-rod crystallites from invading Methods: In this study we reported the in in the Wnt1-Cre;Erk2 / mice was linked to Title: Matrix Metalloproteinase-20 (MMP- the adjacent rod and hence help assemble vitro cytotoxicity and anti-HIV-1 activity a severe osteogenic di erentiation defect 20) Prevents Amelogenin Occlusion Inside proper rod-interrod morphology. of Myricetin in a dual chamber model occurring right before palatal shelf elevation. Brushite Crystals that simulates the female epithelial genital Microarray analyses showed that Bmp6 was Name: Dongni Ren Poster #: 43 tract. Cytotoxicity and anti-HIV-1 activity downregulated in Wnt1-Cre;Erk2 / mandibles Faculty Advisor: Janet Oldak Title: Parent Facilitated Social Engagement of Quercetin and Pinocembrin tests were at the onset of osteogenesis, with consequent for ASD: An Integrative Review conducted on PBMC, TZM-bl, H9 and downregulation of BMP downstream Background: e enamel proteinase MMP- Name: Jennifer McCorkle Kovacs HeLa cell cultures testing concentrations targets such as Msx1 and Ids. Accordingly, 20 cleaves speci c functional domains within Faculty Advisor: Mary Lawlor from 0.01 to 100µM. Tests were conducted in exogenous BMP6 rescued the osteogenic amelogenin before its complete degradation. order to evaluate the citotoxicity and activity di erentiation defect in mandibular explants Mutation in the MMP-20 gene leads to Background: It is important to determine against HIV. Results: Purpose: Cytotoxicity from Wnt1-Cre;Erk2 / embryos. To evaluate the formation of soft and disorganized what actions parents take to facilitate tests were previously performed on PBMC the function of BMP on mandibular enamel. Purpose: To test the hypothesis successful social experiences for their children and HeLa cells. e Myricetin presented ≥ osteogenesis, Col1-CreERT2;Bmpr1a / that MMP-20 acts to prevent amelogenin with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in daily 88% of cell viability at 100 µM concentration and Dlx5-CreERT2;Bmpr1a / mice were occlusion inside brushite crystals, which is life. Current parent-mediated interventions when compared with the negative control generated. Only the latter displayed a severe used as an in vitro model of enamel crystals. are a popular mode of service delivery for (cells only). e anti-HIV-1 activity of phenotype, which mimicked that of the Methods: Crystals were synthesized with children with ASD, but it is not known Myricetin was also previously determined by Erk2-mutant mice. Conclusion: Collectively, or without amelogenin to evaluate protein whether these interventions e ectively our reserach group (in press) using a range our study demonstrates that the mandibular occlusion inside them in vitro. MMP-20 was address parent-reported strengths and needs. (0.001 - 1000 µM). Microbicide activity of defect in Erk2-mutant mice leads to Pierre- added to examine its e ect on preventing Purpose: Research investigated how parents Myricetin using the Dual Chamber System: Robin sequence and Erk2 regulates Bmp6 protein occlusion. FITC was added to attempted to facilitate social experiences for Myricetin treatment inhibited the HIV-1 expression in the mandibular primordium to label amelogenin. Electrophoresis and high children with ASD, and whether current viruses infections in this system. Conclusion: control osteogenesis. performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) parent-mediated interventions addressed Overall, the avonol, Myricetin showed were used to test MMP-20 cleavage e ciency. parent strengths and concerns. Methods: superior inhibition of HIV activity when Poster #: 46 X-ray di raction (XRD), scanning electron eBooks authored by parents of children with compared to the other two avonoids which Title: Crucial Factors Driving Mandibular microscopy (SEM), uorescent microscopy ASD were reviewed to identify situations showed modest activity against HIV-1: Development and thermal gravity analysis (TGA) were in which caregivers reported strengths or Quercetin and Pinocembrin. Further studies Name: Carolina Parada used to detect amelogenin occlusion inside concerns regarding child social engagement are necessary using di erent experimental Faculty Advisor: Yang Chai crystals. Results: Electrophoresis and facilitation. Randomized controlled trials models in order to con rm anti-HIV activity HPLC showed that MMP-20 digestion of (RCTs) of parent-mediated intervention to develop potential microbicides. Background: During normal development, amelogenin was successful in crystal growth studies were then systematically reviewed to the lower jaw is formed from the mandibular experiments. Brushite crystals remained determine whether interventions addressed component of the rst branchial arch. After stable with amelogenin but their morphology parent strengths and needs. Results: their initial formation, the mandibular was a ected, increased defects and formation e parent-authored literature review processes undergo considerable outgrowth of multiple layers were observed. Without revealed parents strengths including skilled along all three axes and merge in the midline amelogenin, uorescent microscopy showed interpretation of child communication region, following a speci c pattern. e very strong uorescence on crystals before and in-depth knowledge of child interests. neural crest-derived mesenchyme condenses, washing, while no uorescence was observed Parent concerns included di culties commits into the osteogenic or chondrogenic after washing with phosphate bu er. traveling outside of familiar home or school lineage, and di erentiate into osteoblasts With amelogenin, the crystals still showed contexts and helping to resolve con icts or chondroblasts, respectively. e result of uorescence even after the adsorbed proteins with siblings. e review of RCT’s revealed this sequence of developmental events is the were removed by a phosphate wash. After insu cient evidence for e ectiveness of formation of mandibular bone. Purpose: Our MMP-20 cleavage of amelogenin, such parent-mediated interventions with children Poster #: 45 goal is to integrate the analysis of diverse uorescence disappeared. TGA showed a older than 6 years, and methodological Title: Disruption of ERK/MAPK Pathway aspects of the development of the mandible signi cant mass loss di erence between limitations undermine existing data. in Neural Crest Causes Pierre-Robin from cellular to molecular levels to build crystals synthesized with amelogenin and Conclusion: Parent-mediated interventions Sequence a comprehensive resource for the research those without it, indicating the presence are needed which simultaneously address Name: Carolina Parada community. Methods: For this purpose, of protein inside crystals grown with parent strengths and needs. More research is Faculty Advisor: Yang Chai we are currently working on the following amelogenin. Conclusion: Amelogenin necessary to determine e ective practices in analyses: (1) Genetic cell lineage tracing in a ects brushite growth in vitro by being parent mediated intervention. Future client- Background: Disrupted ERK1/2 signaling mice performed using the Cre-loxP system occluded inside the crystals, resulting in centered interventions should encourage is associated with several developmental targeting the epithelium, neural crest cells, defective crystals. Addition of MMP-20 open therapist-parent collaboration, utilize syndromes in humans. For instance, and myoblasts derivatives (K14-Cre;R26R, prevents protein occlusion and rescues crystal modular manualization to t individual haploinsu cient ERK2 expression causes Wnt1-Cre;ZsGreen; Myf5-Cre;TdTomato morphology. needs, and employ multiple natural contexts conotruncal and craniofacial anomalies respectively) at di erent embryonic stages; in intervention delivery. arising from perturbation of neural crest (2) Proliferation heat maps obtained from Poster #: 48 development. Purpose: e goal of this study BrdU-incorporation experiments in controls Title: Layered Monetite-Chitosan Poster #: 44 is to understand the function of Erk2 in the and Wnt1-Cre;Tgfbr2 / mutant mice; and Composite: a Novel Precursor for Title: Microbicide Activity of Flavonoids on postmigratory neural crest populating the (3) Analysis of the molecular identity of Hierarchical Enamel Synthesis HIV-1 Infection craniofacial region during mouse development. the mandible at speci c stages and dynamic Name: Qichao Ruan Name: Juliana Noguti Methods: We studied Wnt1-Cre;Erk2 / , changes during development through in Faculty Advisor: Janet Oldak Faculty Advisor: Ramiro Murata Osr2-Cre;Erk2 / , Col1-CreERT2;Bmpr1a / , situ hybridization and microarray analysis. and Dlx5-CreERT2;Bmpr1afl/ mice. Results: e gene expression pro ling includes both Background: Biomimetic reconstruction Background: Despite all the informations Wnt1-Cre;Erk2 / mice exhibited cleft comparison of distal versus proximal regions of tooth enamel is a promising approach to circulating around the globe to prevent palate (CP), malformed and malpositioned within the same stage and among stages. the treatment of defective enamel. However the contamination by HIV virus, AIDS tongues, compromised tendon development, Pathway analysis from microarray data were there are still major challenges in mimicking continues to spread. More than 90% of micrognathia and mandibular asymmetry. performed using Partek ANOVA and GO the complex hierarchical structures of enamel CP in these mutants was associated with panther with the following parameters: from the nanoscale to the macroscale. 46 Purpose: To develop a novel strategy to and Atp6v1g1) that had higher mRNA levels in embryonic development, especially in bone will be used to describe demographics of synthesize a biomaterial with enamel- during maturation stage. Speci c antibodies formation and cardiac valvulogenesis. Upon subjects and responses. T- tests will be used mimetic structures from the nanoscale to the have been identi ed to validate the RT- ligand-binding to type II and type I BMP to determine if di erences in symptoms exist macroscale. Our objectives were i) to prepare PCR data via western blot and carry out receptors (RII and RI), activated RI recruits among the age groups when comparing the a monetite-based composite with a layered immunohistochemistry analysis to identify and phosphorylates receptor-Smads (Smad1, pain ratings and symptom disability scores structure on the micrometer scale, and ii) to the location of these subunits on membranes. 5 and 8), followed by Smad1/5/8 complex and chi-square tests will be used to determine synthesize enamel-like materials via phase Conclusion: e role of each V-type ATPase formation with Smad4 and translocation if signi cant di erences exist in the prevalence transformation of this composite. Methods: subunit during enamel maturation in part to nucleus for numerous gene regulation. of pain among swimming groups. Pearson’s A chitosan/maleic acid (MAc) matrix was can be identi ed by examining the dentition Smad6 is the inhibitory Smad that ne- product-moment correlation coe cient will designed to control the mineralization of of commercially available Atp6v1b1, tunes BMP signaling pathway. Purpose: be used to determine association between monetite crystals with an organized layered Atp6v1b2 and Atp6v0d2 knockout animals. Our proteomic data revealed that R81 in yardage and reported shoulder pain and structure. e transformation of monetite Generating an Odam-Cre transgenic mouse the N-terminal of Smad6 is both mono- disability. Results: n/a Conclusion: n/a was achieved by incubating monetite crystals to conditionally knock out V-type ATPase (R81me1) and di-methylated (R81me2). in 0.1 M NaOH at 70 ℃ for 3 hours. e subunit restricted to maturation stage We sought to test whether this novel post- morphology and composition of products ameloblast can identify the role of each translational regulation a ects Smad6 were characterized using scanning electron subunits during amelogenesis. function. Methods: (combined with results) microscopy (SEM), transmission electron Results: Using customized anti-R81me1 microscopy, X-ray di raction and energy Poster #: 50 and anti-R81me2 antibodies, we found dispersionspectroscopy. e assembly Title: Clinical, Histological and that BMP4 treatment is su cient to induce mechanism of the layered structure was 3D Evaluation of VISTA on Ridge both R81me1 and R81me2 in HaCat cell investigated using SEM, atomic force Augmentation by western blots. To nd the corresponding microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared Name: Yun Wang arginine methyltransferase responsible for the spectroscopy. Results: Organized and parallel Faculty Advisor: Homa Zadeh R81 methylation, we tested the interaction arrays of monetite tablets were synthesized between Smad6 and PRMT 1 through 9 in in the presence of chitosan and MAc. e Background: In an attempt to address 293T cells, and found that PRMT1 was the chitosan and MAc molecules hierarchically the limitations of current ap design in hit. When PRMT1 is knocked down by si- Poster #: 53 assembled into an organized complex and bone augmentation, the vestibular incision RNA, methylation of R81me1 and R81me2 Title: Suture Provides Niche for further guided the mineralization of monetite subperiosteal tunnel access (VISTA) were both dramatically reduced. Strikingly, Mesenchymal Stem Cells of Craniofacial crystals. e nanoscale enamel-like bundles technique has been applied to GBR. when R81 was mutated to either alanine (A) Bones were formed via phase transformation of the Purpose: is case series evaluated the or lysine (K), Smad6 were unable to binds to Name: Hu Zhao monetite composite. Most interestingly, the treatment outcome of VISTA GBR for BMP4-induced activated Smad1. Increasing Faculty Advisor: Yang Chai layered structure observed on the micrometer severe maxillary horizontal defects and dental amount of ectopic Smad6-wt disrupted scale was preserved to some extent during implant placement Methods: Four patients Smad1-Smad4 interaction, while expression Background: Craniofacial bones are connected the transformation. Conclusion: is study with severe Siebert class 3 ridge defect were of Smad6-R81A did not. Conclusion: In by sutures. It was generally proposed that demonstrated a novel strategy to synthesize included in this study. 15 tooth sites were short, the newly-uncovered R81 methylation sutures mainly function to connect the enamel-like materials with hierarchical treated with VISTA GBR procedure for regulates Smad6 inhibition function through bones and to absorb shock. Purpose: In the structures from the nanoscale to the horizontal bone augmentation at anterior modulating its recruitment to activated current study, we are proposing that suture microscale. maxilla. Alveolar ridge width was measured Smad1. Perspective: we will investigate mesenchyme contains stem cell to support the at 1,3,6,10 mm below alveolar crest using whether R81 methylation regulates Smad6 craniofacial bone turnover and injury repair. computed tomography scans, preoperatively function through gene translational levels, Methods: Gli1-LacZ reporter mice were and 6 months postoperatively. Implant speci cally the impact on Smad6 recruitment used to study the expression pattern of Gli1 placement were performed at 6 months of co-repressors HDAC1/3 and CtBP. in the craniofacial bones. Lineage tracing following bone augmentation. Core biopsy analysis were performed to trace the fate of was retrieved during implant placement Poster #: 52 the Gli1+ cells. Gli1-CreERT2;R26DTA o x and processed for light microscopy. Results: Title: Survey of Shoulder Pain In strain was used for cell ablation analysis. Mean ridge width at crestal level was 2.8 ± Competitive Swimmers Various other transgenic mouse strains were 0.79mm at baseline and 7.0±2.1mm at 6 Name: Garin Wyberg used to analyze the function and regulations months post-surgery, for a mean increase Faculty Advisor: Jonathan Sum of the Gli1+ cells in the suture mesenchyme. Poster #: 49 of 4.2 ± 2.1mm. Postoperative ridge width Results: Gli1 expression is restricted to Title: e Role of the V-type ATPase Proton was correlated with baseline ridge width Background: ere are 2.5 million youth the suture mesenchyme speci cally after Pump in Amelogenesis (r = 0.90). Greater ridge width gain was competitive swimmers in the U.S. and postnatal 21 days. Gli1+ cells in the suture Name: Juni Sarkar observed at 6-10mm below alveolar crest nonspeci c shoulder pain is the most mesenchyme do not express any osteogenic Faculty Advisor: Michael Paine with an average of 7.5± 2.1mm. ree of four prevalent ailment in this population of di erentiation markers including Runx2, patients had total of 10 implant placements athletes. Yardage swum and training Sp7, ALPase or osteopontin. Lineage tracing Background: Several diseases like proximal without additional bone graft. One patient hours have been highly associated with the analysis based on Gli1-CreERT2;R26ZsGreen mice and distal renal tubular acidosis as well as delayed implant placement for logistic presence of shoulder pain and supraspinatus indicates that Gli1+ cells give rise to the osteoporosis are related to intracellular pH reasons. Clinical evaluation of the new (shoulder muscle) tendinopathy in both entire suture mesenchyme, the periosteum, dysregulation resulting from mutations of bone revealed no di erence in bone quality male and female elite youth swimmers. the dura and then to all the craniofacial bones genes coding for ion channels such as proton- between native and grafted bone. Primary Although there have been recent studies under physiological condition or upon injury. pumping V-type ATPase. Many of the V-type stability was achieved for all the implants examining training yardage and symptom Transplantation experiments indicate that ATPase subunits play key roles in enamel with Insertion torque >25Ncm. Bone core prevalence in swimmers, the gender speci c suture transplants rapidly expand the size and development, yet our understanding of the biopsy were obtained by 2.0mm trephine bur youth through high school aged category are capable of repairing large size defects in the relationship between the endocytotic pathway at osteotomy site from one of the patients is still lacking. erefore the appropriate host mice. In vitro cell culture indicate that and dental disease is limited. Purpose: e receiving implants. Histomorphometry age at which to begin an injury prevention mesenchymal cells isolated from the suture hypothesis of this study is to understand revealed a mean percentage of vital bone was program as well as considerations regarding express typical MSC markers and possess the ameloblast-associated pH regulatory 35.5% ± 12.7%. Conclusion: is series is rst program design with respect to symptomatic osteogenic, chondrogenic and adipogenic networks essential for amelogenesis. to report on horizontal ridge augmentation swimmers’ gender and physical maturation potentials. Cell ablation analysis based on Methods: Carry out quantitative RT-PCR using VISTA as ap management. VISTA are unknown. Purpose: e primary objective Gli1-CreERT2;R26DTA mice indicates Gli1+cell on tissues from secretory and maturation had advantages on preserving blood supply on of this study is to determine the prevalence are indispensible for craniofacial postnatal stage enamel organs to determine which the crest as well as reducing the ap tension. of shoulder pain and swimming related growth and suture patency. Conclusion: ATPase subunits show higher expression It demonstrated that more ridge width gain disability among youth competitive male and Gli1+ cells in the suture mesenchyme are levels relative to others through amelogenesis. was achieved by VISTA GBR compared to female swimmers. Secondary objectives are: stem cells supporting the postnatal growth, Validate this data using western blot traditional GBR. (1) to determine if a history of prior shoulder turnover and injury repair of craniofacial analysis. Use speci c antibodies to de ne the injury and/or subjective reports of instability bones. Our study reveals a novel function for localization/colocalization of V-type ATPase Poster #: 51 are related to current shoulder pain, (2) to craniofacial suture mesenchyme, providing on endosomal and lysosomal membranes Title: Methylation of Smad6 is Required for determine if average weekly yardage and/or a new perspective for understanding the during amelogenesis. Results: Previously its Inhibition of Smad1 peak weekly yardage are related to shoulder onset of craniosynostosis and other suture published array data suggested that a number Name: Jian Wu pain and disability, and (3) to potentially deformities, as well as a potential new therapy of V-type ATPase subunits were signi cantly Faculty Advisor: Jian Xu utilize data obtained from this study to for craniofacial disorders. upregulated. is was validated by RT- compare swimmers’ pain/disability after PCR that showed six subunits (Atp6v0a3, Background: Bone morphogenetic proteins implementation of a pain/injury prevention Atp6v0e1, Atp6v1c1, Atp6v1e1, Atp6v1f (BMP) signaling pathway plays pivotal roles program Methods: Descriptive statistics USC Student Research Group (SRG) 47 was identi ed to interact with ameloblastin in restricted population. Formation of NCC Poster #: 58 developing tooth. Immunostaining of Psma3 is highly coordinated at the transcriptional Title: Matrix Metalloprotease-20 Prevents showed intense reactivity in the cytoplasm of level through dramatic shifts in chromatin Occlusion of Proteins Inside Enamel ameloblasts and Tomes’ processes. Confocal organization, yet mechanisms by which NCC Crystals microscopy con rmed Psma3 co-distribution transcription is epigenetically controlled are Name: Saumya Prajapati with ameloblastin at the ameloblast secretory not well understood. One such mechanism is Faculty Advisor: Janet Oldak end piece known as Tomes’ process. e that of CHD7, an ATP dependent chromatin co-localized immunostaining revealed remodeler, which is shown to promote NCC Background: Enamel proteases process the decussating pattern corresponding to formation in an ATPase dependent manner. matrix proteins by cleaving speci c functional the rods arrangement in mature mouse CHD7 physically associates with PHF6, a domains and eventually degrading them enamel. Co-immunoprecipitation assay of dual PHD nger protein mutated in Börjeson- to create space for hydroxyapatite crystals mouse ameloblast cell lysates with either Forssman-Lehmann Syndrome, where to grow. In an in vitro study we recently ameloblastin or Psma3 antibody identi ed patients display enlargement of NCC derived reported that during growth of calcite, full- each reciprocal protein partner. Psma3 was co- craniofacial structures that are remarkably length amelogenin gets trapped inside the immunoprecipitated with both ameloblastin- contrasting to CHD7 mutation CHARGE crystals, a ecting their morphology. Addition FL and -Cp by ameloblastin speci c antibody Syndrome. Purpose: To understand the of MMP-20 prevented this occlusion and Graduate Pre- from yeast cell lysate. Conclusion: ese mechanism of antagonism of PHF6 and rescued crystal morphology. Purpose: To ndings suggest that the interaction between CHD7, and the mechanism behind these two test the hypothesis that MMP-20 acts to ameloblastin and Psma3 may exert control highly divergent disorders. Methods: We use prevent unwanted protein occlusion inside doctoral Candidate over ameloblastin redistribution within the Xenopus laevis embryology and NCC derived enamel apatite crystals during amelogenesis. extracellular space in order to de ne the from human embryonic stem cells in order Methods: We analyzed the proteins trapped enamel rod-to-interrod boundaries essential to understand the mechanism behind the inside growing crystals (MMP-20 knockout Poster #: 54 to forming hierarchical structure. antagonism of PHF6 and CHD7. Results: (KO) and wild type (WT) mice) by SDS- Title: Ameloblastin-Proteasome Subunit We have found that PHF6 is able to bind PAGE and Western Blot. Enamel from adult Alpha Type 3 Interaction Facilitates Poster #: 55 pre-marked enhancers in NCC precursor murine incisors was isolated and washed Ameloblastin Redistribution Title: Orthodontic Records and Assessment cells, and that PHF6 dominant-negative is with a series of extraction bu ers to remove Name: Shuhui Geng Name: Kaitlin Marsh able to prevent the CHARGE-like defects adsorbed proteins followed by dissolution in Faculty Advisor: Malcolm Snead Faculty Advisor: Dennis Tartakow of CHD7 knockdown. Conclusion: PHF6, 1M HCl. Enamel crystals were observed through its ability to bind pre-marked using AFM and HRTEM. Results: SDS- enhancers, may block CHD7 from being PAGE showed a signi cant di erence in Background: Enamel is the unique Background: Orthodontic records and the able to remodel these enhancers in order to the amount of proteins in dissolved enamel bioceramic tissue composed of highly assessment for treatment are very important activate NCC speci c transcription. crystals from MMP-20 KO mice as compared organized carbonated hydroxyapatite (HAP) when treatment planning an orthodontic to that of WT. Western blot con rmed the crystallites, which form extracellularly within patient. While some methods of data presence of full-length amelogenin M180 an organic matrix during amelogenesis. e collection are accepted the standard, other Poster #: 57 entrapped in crystals isolated from MMP-20 extracellular matrix, organized by matrix less commonly used diagnostic tools are just Title: LRAP-Chitosan Hydrogel for Enamel KO mice. HRTEM showed increased areas proteins self-assembly and protein-protein as important and crucial in developing a Repair and Dentin Hypersensitivity of imperfection in the crystal lattices from interactions, is competent to guide initiation, diagnosis and treatment plan. Purpose: e Name: Kaushik Mukherjee MMP-20 KO mice. In situ AFM showed a growth and arrangement of HAP crystallites aim of this study was to determine guidelines Faculty Advisor: Janet Oldak decrease in the length and thickness and more that form the highly patterned rod-interrod and additional salient diagnostic tools to be associated protein in MMP-20 KO enamel microstructure observed in mature enamel. included in orthodontic record taking and to Background: Amelogenin-chitosan (AMEL- crystals as compared to those of WT mice. is hierarchical structure provides enamel examine how each component contributes CS) hydrogel promotes in vitro biomimetic Conclusion: Without functional MMP-20, with its unique material properties of to the treatment plan of a new orthodontic enamel regrowth. Leucine rich amelogenin amelogenin becomes trapped inside enamel wear resistance and fracture toughness. patient. Methods: Classic orthodontic peptide (LRAP), a 59 residue splice product, apatite crystals. We suggest that protein Ameloblastin, the most abundant of the textbooks and contemporary journal articles may also have a tentative biological role in occlusion a ects enamel crystal size, growth non-amelogenin enamel matrix proteins, is were examined, as well as supportive and regulating enamel mineralization with a morphology and maturation, leading to thin initially distributed uniformly within the clinical reasoning was provided by our potential application in biomimetic enamel and hypomineralized enamel in MMP-20 newly formed rods but redistributes to the advisor, Dr. Dennis Tartakow. Results: ese rod-interrod boundaries following proteolytic repair and dentin hypersensitivity. Purpose: KO mice. additional orthodontic records include, (a) To test whether a smaller, cost-e ective processing. e redistribution of ameloblastin extra-oral radiographs (submental vertex, and amelogenin-derived peptide like LRAP could Poster #: 59 cleavage products is suggested to be involved in posterior-anterior); (b) extra-oral photograph (a) regulate biomimetic enamel regrowth Title: Antifungal Activity of the establishment of enamel rod-to-interrod (frontal open mouth view); (c) mounted, (b) promote occlusion of the dentinal Lichochalcone-A on Candida albicans boundary. Purpose: is study is aimed to articulated diagnostic casts, with a ZOE tubules and (c) act as an e ective substitute Bio lms In Vitro investigate how ameloblastin redistribution paste bite registration; (d) a complete TMJ to our previously synthesized full -length Name: Dalia Seleem occurs during amelogenesis. We hypothesize examination; (e) a complete periodontal that redistribution of ameloblastin is amelogenin chitosan hydrogel. Methods: Faculty Advisor: Ramiro Murata exam; (f ) a complete extra oral head and Human third molars were sectioned controlled by interactions with heretofore- neck physical examination; and (g) referral longitudinally into 1mm thick tooth slices. Background: Candida albicans is a major unknown proteins within the matrix and/ to a physician when necessary. Finally, a To mimic carious lesions, the samples were fungal pathogen a icting a range of disease or located on ameloblast cells. Methods: diagnostic letter must be discussed with immersed in a demineralising solution (pH from super cial mucosal diseases to deep e odontogenic epithelia of mandibular the patient, parent and/or legal guardian, ℃ 4.6) at 37 for 5 days. Twenty µl of LRAP- seated mycoses. In the United States, rst molars from postnatal day 3 (PN3) and the consent form must be reviewed in CS and AMEL-CS hydrogel were applied candidiasis is considered the third leading mouse pups were used to construct a mouse their native language. Conclusion: While separately on the demineralised windows and cause of hospital-acquired infection, with ameloblast cDNA library. We screened this there are standard guidelines for what is the tooth slices were placed in a remineralizing reported mortality rate of 40-60%. Bio lm cDNA library by the yeast two-hybrid assay included in an orthodontic record, there are ℃ solution (pH 7) at 37 for 3, 7 and 12 formation is a major virulence factor in to identify the putative interacting protein(s) additional important components that are less days. We characterized new crystal growth, pathogenicity of C. albicans, which is believed for ameloblastin. Immuno uorescence commonly used but equally as necessary in morphology and composition using SEM to cause a high antifungal resistance. Purpose: was performed on sagittal and tangential data collection. In conclusion, it is clear that and XRD. Results: De novo crystallites were e aim of the present in vitro study was to sections of PN3 mouse mandibular incisor the above methods of data collection should formed on the carious model which gradually investigate the in uence of lichochalcone-A to localize ameloblastin and the interacting be included for each new orthodontic patient matured to a more densely organized apatitic treatment on the formation and killing of protein(s). Cell lysate was prepared from in order to develop a thorough diagnosis and aprismatic crystal structure (7th day). In C. albicans bio lms. Methods: C. albicans enamel organ epithelium from PN3 mouse treatment plan. incisor and used for co-immunoprecipitation dentin, an amorphous mineral deposition (ATCC: 90028) bio lms (n=9)were cultured 3 analysis to con rm the ameloblastin-protein was observed that signi cantly occluded the (at 2.5 x 10 cells/ml) in yeast nitrogen base interactions. Ameloblastin full-length protein Poster #: 56 exposed dentinal tubules after 12 days of medium, were grown in sterile 48-wells plate (FL), N’-terminal domain (Np), C’-terminal Title: A tale of Two Craniofacial Disorders: remineralization. LRAP-CS hydrogel was for 48 h at 37 C, 5% CO and were treated domain (Cp), and candidate ameloblastin- A Mechanism of Epigenetic Control of e ective in controlling organized growth of twice daily with lichochalcone-A (62.5 interacting protein identi ed by Y2H Neural Crest Formation enamel-like apatite comparable to that of full- µM)for 5 days. Fluconazole and solutions screening were expressed in yeast cells and Name: Erin Moran length AMEL-CS. Conclusion: Our results with 1% ethanol (v/v) served as positive used in co-immunoprecipitation assay to Faculty Advisor: Ruchi Bajpai suggest that amelogenin-derived peptides like and vehicle controls, respectively. Bio lms determine the binding domain of the putative LRAP may be used to promote biomimetic were analyzed for biomass, fungal viability, interacting protein(s) for ameloblastin. Background: Neural crest cells (NCC) arise enamel regrowth and tackle exposed dentin as and polysaccharide composition. Results: Results: Proteasome subunit α type 3 (Psma3) as a migratory, multipotent cell population an e cient treatment strategy for white spot Application of lichochalcone-A reduced the from neuroectoderm, a relatively lineage lesions and dentine hypersensitivity. biomass and the polysaccharides composition 48 of C. albicans bio lms compared to those of that deletion of Slc26a1 or Slc26a7 induces Poster #: 62 Spatial Frequency and the sti ness of the the vehicle control. In addition, lichochalcone complimentary reactions from other related Title: Hip Kinematics and Kinetics in Achilles tendons show a high positive A showed reduction in fungal viability as genes with similar functions. Conclusion: Persons with Cam Femoroacetabular correlation (R2=0.75) in degenerated shown by the decrease in the colony formation Slc26a1, Slc26a6 and Slc26a7 are involved Impingement tendons, but a low correlation (R2=0.31) unit (CFU). Conclusion: Lichochalcone-A in the pH regulation process during enamel Name: Jennifer Bagwell in healthy control subjects. A similar but showed antifungal activity against candida maturation and their functional roles may be Faculty Advisor: Christopher Powers more prominent relationship (R2=0.8) was albicans bio lms in vitro. Consequently, such achieved by forming complex interactions observed between the PSF and the elastic natural compound may show promise to with Cftr. Background: Previous studies indicate that modulus of the degenerated Achilles tendon. translate its application into clinical settings. hip and pelvis kinematics may be altered Conclusion: is is the rst study that during functional tasks in persons with cam predicted the mechanical characteristics of femoroacetabular impingement Purpose: e degenerated human Achilles tendon using Poster #: 60 purpose of this study was to compare hip and a non-invasive micromorphology analysis Title: Slc26 Gene Family Participate in pH pelvis kinematics and kinetics during a deep approach. ese ndings show potential to Regulation During Enamel Maturation squat task between persons with cam FAI and improve classi cation and severity of the Name: Kaifeng Yin pain-free controls. Methods: Fifteen persons degeneration, as well as the response of the Faculty Advisor: Michael Paine with cam FAI and 15 persons without cam tendon to intervention. FAI performed a deep squat task. Peak hip Background: Based on the genome- exion, abduction, and internal rotation, Poster #: 64 wide transcripts pro ling (rat) conducted and mean hip extensor, adductor, and Title: E ects of Jump Strategy Modi cation previously by our lab, three members of Slc26 external rotator moments were quanti ed. on Energetics During Dance Jumps gene family members--Slc26a1, Slc26a6 Independent t-tests (α < 0.05) were used to Name: Danielle Jarvis and Slc26a7--are up-regulated during evaluate between group di erences. Results: Faculty Advisor: Kornelia Klug amelogenesis (maturation-stage/secretory- Compared to the control group, persons with stage, m/s). Purpose: e purpose of this cam FAI demonstrated decreased peak hip Background: Variations in vertical or study is to investigate the potential role of internal rotation (15.2 + 9.5° vs. 9.4 + 7.8°; horizontal components of a jump will Slc26a1, Slc26a6 and Slc26a7 at maturation- p=0.041) and decreased mean hip extensor result in modi cations to center of mass stage tooth development. Methods: First moments (0.56 + 0.12 Nm/kg vs. 0.45 + 0.15 trajectory; lower extremity joint demands we conducted qPCR and immunoblotting BIOKINESIOLOGY AND Nm/kg; p=0.018). In addition, persons in may also be altered. Examination of the to identify the expression patterns (m/s) of the cam FAI group demonstrated decreased impact of modi ed task goals will provide Slc26a1, Slc26a6 and Slc26a7 at both mRNA PHYSICAL THERAPY posterior pelvis tilt at peak hip exion (12.5 + insight regarding athletic performance and and protein level, using samples obtained from 17.1° vs. 23.0 + 12.4°; p=0.024). Conclusion: implications of lower extremity injuries. the incisor enamel organ of Wistar Hannover e decreased hip internal rotation observed Purpose: to examine the in uence of modi ed rats. en immunohistochemistry was used to CANDIDATE in persons with cam FAI may be the result task goals on an entire jump including takeo , localize the gene products of Slc26a1, Slc26a6 of bony impingement. Furthermore, the ight, and landing Methods: irty healthy, and Slc26a7 in the maturation-stage enamel decrease in posterior tilt might contribute experienced dancers performed saut de chat organ. In order to further elucidate the Poster #: 61 to impingement by further approximating leaps in two conditions: traveling as far as location details of these three genes within Title: Estrogen May Reduce Exercise- the femoral head-neck junction with the possible (FAR) and jumping as high as the milieu of maturation-stage ameloblasts, Induced Skeletal Muscle Damage in Young acetabulum. Additionally, decreased hip possible (UP). Horizontal ground reaction co-localization of Slc26a1, Slc26a6 and Women extensor moments suggest that diminished force (GRF) impulses and sagittal plane Slc26a7 with Ae2, Lamp1 and Cftr were Name: Lindsey Anderson hip extensor muscle activity may be the cause mechanical energy expenditure (MEE) of the conducted using immuno uorescence. Faculty Advisor: Todd Schroeder of decreased posterior pelvis tilt. metatarsophalangeal (MTP), ankle, knee, and Moreover, Co-immunoprecipitation was hip joints during both takeo and landing conducted between Cftr and Slc26a1, Background: Estrogen-containing hormone- Poster #: 63 were calculated and compared between Slc26a6, Slc26a7 respectively, to disclose the therapy (HT) attenuates exercise-induced Title: Ultrasound Based Tendon conditions using paired t-tests. e angle potential interactions of the gene products. muscle damage in post-menopausal women. Micromorphology Predicts Mechanical between the legs was calculated when the Finally, the enamel phenotypes of Slc26a1- HT estrogen levels are much higher than Characteristics of Degenerated Tendons center of mass reached peak height during null and Slc26a7-null animal models (mice) those in oral contraceptives or natural Name: Yu-Jen Chang ight. Results: During takeo , braking were documented and the changes in the circulation in pre-menopausal women. Faculty Advisor: Kornelia Kulig GRF impulse was lower and propulsive expression of other related genes in the Purpose: To determine the exercise- GRF impulse was greater in FAR. MEE at mutant animals were detected by qPCR. related e ects of pre-menopausal or oral Background: Tendon is a hierarchical brous the MTP, ankle, and hip joints was greater Results: At mRNA level, Slc26a1, Slc26a6 and contraceptive (OC) estrogen levels. Methods: connective tissue composed mainly of in FAR; MEE at the knee was lower in Slc26a7 are all up-regulated at maturation 3 groups performed 100 maximal isometric collagen bers. e collagen bers align in FAR. During ight, leg angles were similar, stage compared with secretory stage (fold contractions with neuromuscular-electrical- a bundle along the long axis of the tendon. indicating consistent performance. During changes: ~15.5, ~3.8 and ~8.1). At protein stimulation (NMES) on one quadricep. OC e resulting tissue structure is visualized landing, braking GRF impulse was higher level, Slc26a1, Slc26a6 and Slc26a7 show (N=9) performed NMES on day 13 of pill as a speckle pattern with notably parallel in FAR. MEE at the knee was greater in similar expression patterns, which were consumption. Non-OC high (HI; N=9) and features on a sonogram. e mechanical UP. Conclusion: Biomechanical demands con rmed by both immunoblotting and low (LO; N=5) estrogen groups performed characteristics of the tendon are related to the on lower extremity joints during takeo and immunohistochemistry. In the maturation- NMES on day 22 or 2 of the menstrual organization of the tissue architecture. When landing were altered in response to modi ed stage ameloblasts lining along the surface cycle, respectively; day 1=menses. Maximal degenerated, the collagen bundle organization task goals without altering performance of rat incisors, the gene products of Slc26a1, voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) is disrupted and the water content in the during ight. Dancers experiencing pain Slc26a6 and Slc26a7 co-localize with Cftr to was assessed before, 0 hours, 2 days, and 4-5 extracellular matrix (ECM) is increased. or working through injuries may be more the apical region of cytoplasmic membrane, days post. Soreness was measured before, ese changes in collagen bundle architecture successful by approaching jumping with a which is di erent from the lateral-membrane 2 days, and 4-5 days post with a 7-point a ect the mechanical characteristics of goal focused to reduce demands at the injured localization pattern of Ae2. In addition, the Likert Scale of Muscle Soreness for Lower the tendon. Purpose: e purpose of this joint. distribution of Slc26a7 was seen within the Limb. Results: Age, lean mass, and body fat study was to study the relationship between cytoplasmic/subapical region of ameloblast, were similar across groups. Body weight and tendon micromorphology quanti ed Poster #: 65 presumably on the lysosomal membrane. BMI were lower in HI (p≤0.04); MVIC- from a sonogram and tendon mechanical Title: Movement Duration and E ort However, there was hardly any overlap related outcomes were covaried for body characteristics measured in vivo in individuals Determine Arm Choice between Slc26a7 and Lamp1 in their weight. Baseline soreness and strength and with and without focal changes in tendon Name: Sujin Kim cytoplasmic distribution. From the protein relative work during NMES were similar thickness indicating degeneration. Methods: Faculty Advisor: Nicolas Schweighofer complex pulled down by the antibody to Cftr, across groups (p≥0.05). Relative (%) MVIC Micromorphology was performed by using Slc26a1, Slc26a6 and Slc26a7 were separately was similar across groups for each time point a two-dimensional fast Fourier transform Background: Patients with stroke often detected by the subsequent immunoblotting, (p≥0.05); %MVIC was 4% lower in LO than (FFT) on tendon images. Peak spatial exhibit decrease in the use of their more suggesting the direct interaction of each of OC or HI at 0 hours post-NMES. LO did frequency (PSF) was used to correlate to a ected arm: Although capable of generating these three genes with Cftr. Compared with not reach recovery (≥95% MVIC) until 4-5 -/- the collagen bundle organization within arm movements, they often chose not to. In their wild-type littermates, Slc26a1 and day post-NMES; HI and OC were recovered -/- the ROI. Tendon force-elongation curve addition, arm reaching movements of the Slc26a7 animals showed mild abnormalities by 2 days post. Soreness was similar at all was determined by plotting tendon force more a ected arm are typically slower than in enamel phenotypes. Among all the genes time points across groups (p≥0.05); the mean against tendon elongation. Tendon sti ness movements made with the non-a ected arm examined, Cftr, Ae2, NBCe1, Car2, Slc26a6 di erence was 1ptlower in LO than OC or was estimated as the slope of the linear in patients with stroke. In healthy subjects, we and Slc26a9 were signi cantly up-regulated in HI at 2 days post-NMES which is clinically -/- -/- region of the force-elongation curve. Elastic previously showed (Schweighofer et al. in Slc26a1 and/or Slc26a7 animals compared signi cant. Conclusion: Estrogen may reduce modulus of the tendon was also estimated with wild-type animals, which indicates exercise-induced soreness and strength loss in young women. from stress-strain curve. Results: e Peak USC Student Research Group (SRG) 49 submitted) that expected e ort plays an outcomes were analyzed using Pearson during single limb loading task and running ndings may further indicate that spatial important role in arm choice. Purpose: Here, correlations with statistical signi cance set within one month of initiation of running. constraints on leg movements in ovo may we hypothesize that both di erences in at p<0.05. Results: A strong correlation was Methods: 15 individuals status post- selectively favor excitatory drive of exor expected e ort and in expected movement observed between LBM and seated row ACLr (122±27 days) were tested. Subjects motor pools and/or inhibitory drive of duration between the more a ected and the strength (r=0.95,p<.001), but no signi cant performed run (RUN) and a dynamic single extensor pools. less a ected limbs are factors underlying such associations were found between LBM and limb loading task(SL) to maximal knee decreased use in stroke survivors. Methods: other outcomes. Strength measures were not exion. Knee exion excursion (kEXC) and Seven individuals with chronic right correlated with functional performance. Stair peak extensor moment (kEXT) and power hemiparesis (mild to moderate impairment; climb was negatively correlated with SEBT absorption (kPw) were calculated during 46.1± 9.0 on Fugl-Meyer assessment) and (r=-0.83,p=0.01) and positively correlated deceleration in involved (IN) and uninvolved seven age-matched non-disabled participants with TUG (r=0.84,p=0.016). Conclusion: (UN) limbs. 2x2 (task x limb) repeated were recruited. All participants were right LBM and strength were not associated with measures ANOVAs were performed; paired handed and performed the Bilateral Arm performance on balance, mobility and stair t-tests were used for signi cant interactions. Reaching Test (BART; Han, Kim, et al. 2014) climbing. However, faster stair climbing was Between limb loading symmetry was with two conditions: the free choice condition related to greater SEBT and faster TUG calculated as ratio between IN/UN for kEXT which the participants were asked to choose scores. ese results suggest that determinants and kPw. Pearson’s correlations were used to one arm or the other to reach the targets and other than LBM and strength contribute to determine relationship between knee loading the forced condition which the participants performance of functional tasks. erefore, de cits across tasks. Results: Uninvolved limb were asked to use their right arm (note right rather than focusing solely on LBM and had greater kEXC, kEXT and kPw than BIOKINESIOLOGY AND arm was the most a ected arm for the stroke strength, RT interventions for PCS on ADT involved limb for both tasks. SL had greater group) to reach the targets. In the free choice might include functional task training to kEXC than RUN and larger between limb PHYSICAL THERAPY condition, a ected arm choice was recorded improve physical function. di erences (17 vs 14%). RUN had greater while in the forced condition, hand kinematic kEXT than SL and larger between limb data was recorded. Duration was computed Poster #: 67 di erences(31 vs 23%). RUN had greater Student from the movement start (above 5% of peak Title: Motor Learning How to Move Fast in kPw, however between limb di erences velocity) to the movement end (below 5% Young Non-Disabled Individuals did not di er between tasks (34%). kEXT Poster #: 70 of peak velocity). E ort was modeled as Name: Hyeshin Park and kPw ratios during SL was correlated Title: Feasibility of Mapping Trunk and Hip the sum of squared joint torques during the Faculty Advisor: Nicolas Schweighofer with ratios during RUN (r=0.77&r=0.79). Representation in Motor Cortex movements, with the torques estimated via Conclusion: Loading symmetries were Name: Alaa Albishi inverse dynamics of a 2 joint arm model. Background: Short-term reach training highly related suggesting that SL can provide Faculty Advisor: Beth Fisher Mixed e ect logistic regression was used to improves reaching performance, but the information regarding readiness to initiate t the data and to Log Likelihood ratio test learning mechanism how to move fast is still running. Large between limb de cits in kPw Background: Trunk and hip muscles and BIC were used to compare models with unknown. Purpose: Here, we test whether during less demanding task suggests that contribute signi cantly to postural control, e ort only, movement duration only, or both. two sessions of intensive reach training particular attention to progression of speed at balance and locomotion. With aging, changes Results: For both groups, movement duration lead to motor skill learning in young non- which individuals perform dynamic exercises in activities of these muscles are noted. While and e ort were the strong predictors of right disabled individuals. If so, we investigate that require rapid attenuation of forces is modi cations in motor behavior are linked arm choice. When movement duration and the skill learning mechanism. Methods: Ten warranted. to altered representational areas in primary e ort for the right arm (also a ected arm participants (5F, 24.5±1.0 yrs) were asked to motor cortex (M1), the relationship between for stroke group) are short and low, the reach circular targets (diameter 3 cm) with Poster #: 69 M1 organization of the trunk and hip muscles participants chose their right arm to reach the the index ngers of their dominant hands as Title: Leg Flexor and Extensor Muscle and changes in motor behavior in older targets. If we included only either movement quickly as possible. All subjects were asked to Recruitment during Chick Embryonic adults has yet to be established. Transcranial duration or the e ort in the model, arm visit the laboratory for three consecutive days: Movement Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) has been choice patterns were di erently explained for on the rst two days they received intensive Name: SooYeon Sun used to identify muscle representation in stroke and nondisabled groups. While e ort training of 600 movements per day on 5 Faculty Advisor: Nina Bradley M1. Mapping the trunk and hip muscles is was the only factor explaining arm choice targets arrayed on an arc ranging from 50 to challenging due to the small representations shown in age-matched nondisabled group, 130 degrees at 25 cm from the home position. Background: Prior to hatching, chick of these muscles in the medial motor either movement duration or e ort played a Before and after training in the rst two days, embryos produce repetitive leg movements cortex. Purpose: Establish a methodology key role to predict arm choice in patients with on the third day and 1 month later, subjects (RLMs) in ovo, featuring exor and extensor to quantify the spatial representation of stroke. Conclusion: We plan to extend our performed a test consisting of reaching 35 muscle alternation at locomotor frequencies. trunk and hip musculature in young and results in the framework of delayed rewards targets presented arrayed from 30 to 150 Frequently, only repetitive ankle exor older adults. Methods: Two young females discounting and to show the di erences degrees and at 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 cm. activity accompanies RLMs. Purpose: us, participated in the study. Motor evoked in reward decay rates among patients with Results: Two-day intensive training showed the objective of this study was to determine potentials (MEPs) were quanti ed in the stroke. signi cant increase in speed, long-lasting if recruitment attributes di er between leg external oblique, lumber longissimus and (1 month) improvement in performance, exor and extensor muscles during RLMs. gluteus medius using a double cone coil Poster #: 66 generalization to untrained movements, Methods: Embryonic day 20, ipsilateral hip and surface electromyography. Motor Title: Muscle Mass, Strength and Physical increased reliance on feedforward control and ankle muscles or bilateral ankle muscles thresholding and mapping were conducted Function in Prostate Cancer Survivors (velocity pro les were initially asymmetric were implanted for electromyographic (EMG) during a submaximal active contraction (20% Name: Jacqueline Kiwata (right-skewed) but became symmetric and kinematic recording of spontaneous of maximum voluntary isometric contraction) Faculty Advisor: Todd Schroeder with training), decrease in variability muscle activity. Criteria for EMG sequence for all three muscles. Average peak-to-peak (decreased coe cient of variation in the peak inclusion were 4 or more rhythmic bursts (1- amplitude of MEPs was calculated for each Background: Androgen deprivation therapy acceleration), and improvement in e ciency 10 Hz) in 1 or more muscles accompanied by map location and utilized to determine the (ADT), the mainstay of treatment for of movement cost by increasing initial elbow repetitive leg movement. Flexor and extensor center of gravity (COG) for each muscle. prostate cancer, is associated with declines in height. Conclusion: us, short-duration and recruitment parameters were compared Results: MEPs were elicited consistently in all lean body mass (LBM), strength, and physical intensive reach training can induce true motor within-subject (N=28). e number of bursts three muscles. e COG for gluteus medius function. LBM and strength are correlated skill learning and the training results showed and burst amplitude for exor and extensor and external oblique were 1cm medial to that with physical function in older, eugonadal the characteristics representing motor skill activity were compared. Results: Results of lumbar longissimus in both participants, men, but it is unclear if they are determinants learning in young non-disabled individuals. indicated exor muscles were more frequently while the COG of external oblique was of functional performance in hypogonadal recruited than extensors. Within limb, exor 2cm anterior to lumbar longissimus in prostate cancer survivors (PCS) on ADT. Poster #: 68 bursts outnumbered extensor bursts: left both individuals. Conclusion: Initial data Purpose: Determine whether baseline Title: Knee Loading De cits in Dynamic ankle, 16/16 embryos; right ankle, 25/28; demonstrate that this methodology is feasible measures of LBM and muscle strength Tasks in Individuals Status-Post ACLr and right hip, 11/11. Also, exor-only RLMs and can identify distinct trunk and hip correlate with functional test performance Name: Kristamarie Pratt outnumbered extensor-only RLMs (average representations in the motor cortex. in PCS on ADT. Methods: Eight PCS Faculty Advisor: Susan Sigward di erence=24 RLMs, N=27). However, exor (62.6±9.3 yr) on ADT were recruited as part amplitudes were the least during exor- Poster #: 71 of a larger ongoing trial. LBM was measured Background: Ability to perform dynamic only RLMs and greatest during sequences Title: Upper Extremity Function and by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. single limb exercises without pain is used of repetitive exor and extensor alternation Isometric Strength in Breast Cancer Strength was assessed by 1-repetition as clinical criteria to progress individuals to (N=24). Conclusion: Our analyses provide Survivors maximum tests of the seated row and leg curl. running following anterior cruciate ligament evidence that locomotor drive can vary Name: Lindsey Avery Functional measures included stair climb, Star reconstruction (ACLr). However, it is not across motor pools in the embryo. Amplitude Faculty Advisor: Christina Dieli-Conwright Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) and timed- clear how demands of single limb loading analyses suggest that during RLMs, exor up-and-go (TUG). Relationships between tasks relate to demands of running. Purpose: motor pools may be recruited at lower levels Background: Rehabilitation from mastectomy To compare sagittal plane knee mechanics of locomotor drive than extensor pools. Our in breast cancer survivors (BCS) is challenged 50 by reduced range of motion and strength Poster #: 73 following rTMS. Participant characteristics and hip to the support impulse in habitually associated with disuse. e PENN Shoulder Title: Inertial Measurement Units Detect (age, stroke duration, lesion location shod runners during a novice bout of barefoot Scale (PSS) and the Disability of the Arm, Knee Loading De cits Following ACL and initial paretic hand function) were running. Methods: 22 habitually shod Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaires Reconstruction compared between the groups. Results: ree RFS runners performed shod and barefoot are used to quantify self-reported upper Name: Ming-Sheng Chan participants showed reduced excitability running; participants were grouped according limb impairment. Purpose: To examine the Faculty Advisor: Susan Sigward following rTMS and were categorized as to their barefoot foot strike pattern (5 FFS; associations between self-reported upper responders. No signi cant di erence in stroke 9 mid-foot strike, MFS; 8 RFS). e support extremity function using DASH and PSS Background: Reduced knee extensor duration, initial hand function and lesion impulse is the cumulative ankle, knee and hip with active range of motion (AROM) and moments persist well after 3 months location was found between responders and extensor moments during absorption. e isometric strength (IS) of the surgically following ACL reconstruction. Knee extensor non-responders. Further analysis showed relative contributions of the ankle (ANK), a ected limb in BCS. Methods: irty-one moment asymmetries are often present in the that age was correlated with the amount of knee (KNE), and hip (HIP) were calculated BCS (ages 52.4±9.4 years) were recruited absence of observable knee exion de cits reduction in excitability, suggesting that the as a percentage. Results: All barefoot runners from LAC+USC Hospital and Norris making them di cult to detect clinically. e cacy of inhibitory rTMS was greater in demonstrated increased ANK (p≤0.028). Comprehensive Cancer Center. Investigators Inertial measurement units (IMU) are able younger participants. Conclusion: Our results MFS demonstrated reduced KNE and HIP measured AROM during external rotation to detect gait spatiotemporal asymmetries, suggest that the ability of rTMS to modulate (p≤0.021), while FFS demonstrated a trend (ER) at 90° abduction and shoulder forward but it is not known if variables measured with brain excitability following stroke may be towards decreased KNE (p=0.095). FFS and exion (SFF) and IS during scapular elevation IMUs are related to knee moment asymmetry a function of age. e ndings attest to the MFS had larger ANK and lesser KNE than (SE) and external rotation (ER) using a during gait. Purpose: To determine the further need to determine the subject-speci c RFS (p≤0.021). When shod, FFS presented hand-held dynamometer. Participants then relationship between knee extensor moment characteristics that would enable prediction with greater ANK than RFS (p≤0.007). completed DASH and PSS questionnaires. asymmetry and IMU-measured sagittal plane of a good outcome following rTMS. Conclusion: Similar to previous reports, Pearson correlations were used to determine shank angular velocity asymmetry during there was an increase in ankle demands. MFS associations between DASH, PSS, and gait in individuals 3 months post-ACLr. Poster #: 75 runners demonstrated reduced knee and hip AROM and IS. Results: Mean PSS and Methods: 8 subjects (98.4 ± 12.7 days post- Title: In uence of Di erent Positioning demands and FFS runners demonstrated a DASH scores (±SD) were 72.8±19.8 points ACLr) performed 4 walking trials. Sagittal Devices on Infant Leg Movement trend towards reduced knee demands. ese and 18.9±15.9 (both out of 100 points). shank angular velocity was measured with tri- Name: Joyce de Armendi Faculty ndings suggest adopting a FFS/MFS can No statistically signi cant relationship was axial gyroscopes within IMUs attached to the Advisor: Beth Smith reduce knee injury risk. However, due to detected between PSS scores and AROM anterior lower leg bilaterally. Knee extensor increased ankle demands, it is important to (ER, p=0.14, r=-0.26; SFF, p=0.08, r=-0.30) moments were quanti ed using motion Background: Positioning devices might gradually transition to barefoot running. or IS (ER, p=0.46, r=-0.12; SE, p=0.39, r=- analysis. Peak shank angular velocity (skAV) encourage or constrain infant movement. 0.15) or between DASH scores and AROM and knee extensor moment (kEXT) were Purpose: Determine whether devices Poster #: 77 (ER, p=0.28, r=0.17; SFF, p=0.50, r=0.10) identi ed during loading response. skAV in uence leg movement characteristics in Title: Application of Uncontrolled Manifold or IS (ER, p=0.60, r=0.13; SE, p=0.76, r=- and kEXT asymmetry were calculated as the infants with typical development (TD) and at Analysis to Overuse Injury 0.05). Conclusion: e PSS and DASH ratio between involved and uninvolved limbs. risk (AR) of developmental delays. Methods: Name: Abbigail Fietzer were not related to AROM or IS in BCS. Pearson’s product correlations were used to Infants with TD (n=10) and AR (n=7), 2-8 Faculty Advisor: Kornelia Kulig determine the relationship between skAV months old, participated. Movement sensors ese self-reported assessment tools may α not be appropriate for predicting upper body and kEXT ( ≤ .05). Results: On average, measured linear acceleration and angular Background: Too little variability is associated strength or range of motion in BCS. skAV and kEXT ratios were 0.90 ± 0.11 and velocity (20 Hz) while infants were in supine, with poor adaptability and predisposition to 0.77 ± 0.35 at 3 months, respectively. skAV a gym, or a car seat for 4 min. We used injury. Decreased variability occurs with and kEXT ratios were positively correlated MatLab to calculate leg movement quantity overuse/recurrent injury (low back pain, and Poster #: 72 at 3 months (r= .822;p=.012). Conclusion: and peak acceleration. Results: Preliminary ankle sprain/instability), aging and fatigue. Title: Development of a Modi ed Reaching Decreased skAV in the involved limb during analysis shows that infants with TD moved ere appears to be an optimal amount Performance Scale for the WMFT loading response suggests alter heel rocker more than infants AR in supine (TD M 229, of variability allowing the highest level of Name: Helen Bacon mechanics 3 months post-ACLr. skAV SD 141; AR M 196, SD 133). Compared to performance while maintaining adaptability Faculty Advisor: Carolee Winstein asymmetries are correlated with knee extensor supine, infants with TD maintained quantity and protecting against injury. Overuse moment asymmetry. e strong correlations in the gym (M 246, SD 170) while infants injuries are a large and growing problem in Background: Movement after stroke is often suggest that IMUs can provide important AR increased to narrow the group di erence society, with prevalence up to 90% in some characterised by the use of compensatory information regarding knee loading de cits in (M 218, SD 134). Infants decreased in the populations. Overuse injuries common, movement patterns rather than restoration individuals following ACLr.A larger sample car seat (TD M 130, SD 106; AR M 86, SD notoriously resistant to treatment, associated of previous function. Currently, there are size is needed to determine the clinical 63), maintaining the group di erence. Infants with a high activity cessation rate (30-90%), no widely applied outcome measures that feasibility of IMU use for detection loading with TD had equal peak acceleration (m/s2) and have recurrence rates of 20 to 70%. adequately represent how a movement is asymmetries. than infants AR in supine (TD M 4.4, SD Uncontrolled manifold analysis (UCM) was performed. A common outcome measure 1.5; AR M 4.4, SD 2.3). Compared to supine, developed to seek out structures stabilizing used in research, the Wolf Motor Function Poster #: 74 infants with TD increased and AR decreased particular task-level performance variables Test (WMFT) scores tasks on time and Title: Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic acceleration in the gym (TD M 4.6, SD 1.8; or goals. e data cloud shape relative to functional ability. However, it does not Stimulation to Modulate Cortical AR M 4.2, SD 2.4) while infants had lower the manifold determines the degree to which specify the way in which the movement Excitability after Stroke acceleration in the car seat and maintained the there is performance-stabilizing synergy. was performed. e Reaching Performance Name: Yu-Chen Chung group di erence (TD M 3.8, SD 1.3; AR M e data cloud location along the manifold Scale (RPS) was developed to try to quantify Faculty Advisor: Beth Fisher 3.3, SD 2.0). Conclusion: Positioning device demonstrates a preferred sharing pattern, movement quality for a simple cone reaching selection and developmental classi cations similar to optimization. VUCM variability task. Purpose: To adapt the RPS so that it Background: Although low-frequency in uenced leg movements. Infants showed does not a ect task-level performance may be applied to the WMFT. is will repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation lower measurements in the car seat. TD variables, while VORT variability does. To allow retrospective analysis of study data, (rTMS) has been demonstrated to be safe infants showed similarities between supine date, few studies have applied UCM analysis and in future studies allow more information and feasible after stroke, its e ectiveness and the gym, while AR infants increased in to more ecologically relevant tasks of sit-to- about movement quality to be obtained in modulating the excitability of the non- the gym. stand, walking, and hopping. Purpose: To without increasing the testing burden on lesioned hemisphere and improving paretic demonstrate the appropriateness of applying the participant or clinician. Methods: ree hand function has not been consistently Poster #: 76 uncontrolled manifold analysis to the raters applied the RPS to the soda can task reported. In order to optimize the application Title: Support Impulse Joint Contributions examination of human movement variability of the WMFT. e score de nitions were of rTMS in stroke rehabilitation, it is Following a Transition to Barefoot Running in subjects with overuse injury. Methods: rewritten to re ect the di erence in the task. essential to understand the factors that may Name: Andrea Du Bois Narrative literature review Results: e lack of After revision, each rater viewed 40 videos (10 impact its e cacy. Purpose: to determine Faculty Advisor: George Salem variability associated with overuse/recurrent participants x 4 assessments) of the WMFT potential participant characteristics that injury is likely of the VUCM. Recent soda can task. is was repeated a week later may impact the e ectiveness of rTMS Background: Relative to shod rear-foot evidence indicates that a training paradigm to test both inter- and intra-rater reliability. Methods: Ten individuals with sub-acute strike (RFS) running, a forefoot strike (FFS) to increase VUCM but maintain low VORT Following this, the de nitions were re ned stroke received one session of 1-Hz rTMS is associated with a shift in mechanical can be developed. us, application of the and the process is being repeated. Results: over the representational area of the extensor demand from the knee to the ankle. Barefoot UCM method to examine cohort di erences Initially poor RPS sub-item reliability was digitorum communis in the non-lesioned running results in a similar shift in demand in the structure of variability between those found, although the ICC for total score primary motor cortex (M1). e excitability even though habitually shod runners do with and without overuse injury may provide was good. Further development is expected of the non-lesioned M1 was measured not innately adopt a FFS during barefoot important insights into risk factors and to improve the reliability of the scores. before and after rTMS as the amplitude of running. It is unknown whether the altered provide an important starting point for the Conclusion: It is feasible to adapt the RPS to the resting motor evoked potential (MEP). joint demands are a function of foot strike development of interventions that prevent the an item of the WMFT, although substantial Participants were divided into responders and or running barefoot. Purpose: To examine development or recurrence of overuse injury. time to make revisions and retest are required. non-responders, based on changes in MEP the relative contribution of the ankle, knee USC Student Research Group (SRG) 51 without overuse injury may provide important encouraged to move in a gym. Purpose: We between predictors and dependent measures. RMS for both hands in 21 individuals with insights into risk factors and provide an aim to determine if positioning devices a ect Results: Baseline CST-FAAI, WMFT time, PD (PD_a and PD_lessa ) and for both important starting point for the development infant movement rates, and, if so, whether and FMA were signi cantly correlated with hands in 40 individuals without disability (C_ of interventions that prevent the development the e ects are similar in infants with typical pre-post change in WMFT but not FMA. dom and C_nondom) during a hold phase at or recurrence of overuse injury. Piloting will development (TD) and at risk or with Importantly, baseline WMFT and FMA the maximal level of compression. en, we begin in stationary and directional hopping in developmental delay (AR). Methods: Video were more strongly correlated with change correlated these force outcome measures persons with Achilles tendinopathy and age/ data were recorded of 13 infants with TD and in WMFT than was baseline CST-FAAI. with the UPDRS motor scores for its clinical activity matched healthy controls. 13 AR placed in supine, a car seat, a bumbo Conclusion: ese results demonstrate that implications. Results: We found no di erence seat, or in supine underneath a gym. Trained a DTI measure of CST in chronic stroke in the maximal compression level among four Poster #: 78 behavior coders identi ed start and stop for can be used as a biomarker for predicting hands. However, F’ and RMS in the PD_a Title: Impacts of Autonomy-Supportive leg and foot movements. Results: Preliminary responsiveness to neurorehabilitation, but it were signi cantly greater than those of C_ versus Controlling Instructional Language analysis for infants with TD showed the is no better than performance-based clinical dom and C_nondom. F’ and RMS increased on Motor Learning average quantity of leg movements in 4 measures. with the increase in F in C_dom; however, Name: Andrew Hooyman minutes was: 265 in supine, 245 in a standard this trend was not found in the PD_a . e Faculty Advisor: Carolee Winstein car seat, 164 under a jungle gym and 77 in Poster #: 81 UPDRS motor scores were signi cantly a bumbo seat. Average quantity of foot Title: Feasibility of Immersive Virtual correlated with RMS in the PD_a (ρ=- Background: e perceived control over movements in 4 minutes was: 84 in a bumbo Reality for Individuals with Parkinson’s 0.572, p=0.041). Conclusion: In conclusion, one’s environment has been postulated as seat, 20 in a standard car seat, 7 in supine, disease the sensorimotor control of dynamic ngertip a basic human psychological need. It may and 2 under a jungle gym. Conclusion: Name: Aram Kim force in the PD group was more variable than then be assumed that lack of this perception Movement rates were a ected by positioning Faculty Advisor: James Finley the control group; the force variability was may impact one’s ability to both perform devices. No change in leg movements, but independent from the level of compression and learn optimally. Within the context of more foot movements were observed when Background: Virtual Reality (VR) has the force. However, interestingly, the greater motor learning and physical rehabilitation infants were in the car seat. Less leg, but more potential to be used as an e ective addition variability was correlated with less motor perceived autonomy may bene t motor skill foot movements were observed when in the to conventional rehabilitation for patients impairment. acquisition and reconstitution. Purpose: e bumbo seat. Less leg and foot movements with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Unlike authors examined the in uence of autonomy- were observed when under a jungle gym. conventional gait training on a treadmill, VR Poster #: 83 supportive (ASL), controlling (CL), and Future directions will analyze infants AR and can provide more motivating and interactive Title: Measuring Interhemispheric neutral instructional language (NL) on motor statistically test results. environments. Purpose: ere is a need to Communication via the Ipsilateral Silent skill learning (cricket bowling action). We evaluate feasibility of using immersive VR in Period hypothesized that the ASL group would PD. Methods: A VR environment consisting Name: Yi-Ling Kuo have improved performance and learning of a cityscape was speci cally designed for the Faculty Advisor: Beth Fisher of the motor skill compared to the NL and present study and included buildings and an CL groups. Our secondary hypothesis is approximately 800 meter straight pedestrian Background: e ipsilateral silent period that incorporation of autonomy support path. Participants completed a simulator (ISP) is an index of interhemispheric within practice would also improve secondary sickness questionnaire and a stress arousal inhibition (IHI). ISP decreases with age, outcomes such as perceived autonomy, checklist pretest. en participants walked on suggesting the normal inhibitory mechanism positive a ect, and self-e cacy. Methods: the treadmill while wearing a Head Mounted is shifted toward excitatory processes during Prior to and several times during the practice Display (HMD) displaying the VR scene aging; yet these changes can be ameliorated phase, participants watched the same video for 20 minutes in 5 minute intervals. While by long-term engagement in aerobic training. demonstration of the bowling action but walking, heart rate, center of pressure and Prolonged ISP has also been found in stroke with di erent voice-over instructions. e variability of gait were collected. A body survivors due to excessive inhibition from the instructions were designed to provide the mapping test was given pre- and posttest. una ected hemisphere toward its a ected same technical information but to vary in After the test, a series of questionnaires were counterpart. Given that ISP is a valuable terms of the degree of choice performers given measuring preference of VR training, and often cited measure to quantify IHI would perceive when executing the task. Poster #: 80 symptoms of simulator sickness, stress arousal across di erent populations, it is essential In addition to measurements of throwing Title: Is DTI a Useful Biomarker and the sense of presence within the VR. that ISP is measured in a reliable manner. accuracy (i.e., deviation from the target), of Responsiveness to Stroke Results: In a pilot sample of healthy controls, Our previous preliminary data showed perceived choice, self-e cacy, and positive Neurorehabilitation? there was no evidence of simulator sickness that both the consistency of ISP duration and negative a ect were assessed at the end Name: Bokkyu Kim except for slight dizziness with eyes closed. and onset latency were in uenced by the of the practice phase and after a retention test Faculty Advisor: Carolee Winstein e participants were able to adjust to the amount of force exerted voluntarily during without demonstrations and instructions on virtual environment in less than 1 minute TMS stimulation in non-disabled young Day 2. Results: ASL resulted in perceptions Background: DTI measures of Corticospinal and responded that they could actively search adults. ISP measurements for rst dorsal of greater choice, higher self-e cacy, and tract (CST) are associated with upper the environment with vision. is study is interosseous (FDI) were more consistent more positive a ect during practice than CL, extremity (UE) motor impairment and ongoing and will include continued collection under submaximal muscle contraction in and enhanced learning as demonstrated by function in conditions of acute, subacute and of data in individuals with PD. Conclusion: comparison with maximal contraction, which retention test performance. us, granting chronic stroke. Less well understood is whether We believe that our ndings can inform the is what has been utilized in previous studies. learners autonomy appeared to endow them or not DTI measures are better predictors design and implementation of VR-based Purpose: Extend our preliminary ndings to with con dence in their ability, diminished of responsiveness to neurorehabilitation rehabilitation and assessment tools for another hand muscle: abductor pollicis brevis needs for control of negative emotional than other performance-based measures. individuals with PD. (APB), with an important role in functional responses, and created more positive a ect, is study is part of a longitudinal Phase-I thumb opposition. Methods: Subjects are which may help consolidate motor memories. clinical trial of rehabilitation in chronic stroke Poster #: 82 instructed to press isometrically using their Conclusion: We interpret the results of (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT 01749358). Title: Distinctive Sensorimotor Control dominant side’s thumb abduction in 30, 50 and this study that instructions containing Purpose: To determine if a DTI measure of of Dynamic Fingertip Force in Parkinson’s 100% of maximal volitional contraction. e autonomy supportive language aided in the CST is a better predictor of responsiveness Disease subjects hold the predetermined contraction motor memory consolidation compared to to neurorehabilitation than commonly used Name: Na-hyeon Ko level while a TMS pulse was applied over the instruction containing controlling language. motor performance outcomes. Methods: Faculty Advisor: Francisco Valero-Cuevas non-dominant hemisphere. Results: We will present duration and onset latency of ISP for e future direction of this research is to ose with mild to moderate motor APB across the three conditions of muscle incorporate autonomy-support within impairment and stroke chronicity (average Background: A loss of dexterous hand contraction. Conclusion: Comparing the physical rehabilitation paradigms. chronicity: 3.0 years ) participated (N=25). function is common in Parkinson’s disease current results with the previous ones helps DTI scans and clinical assessments were (PD). Current clinical measurements have determine whether ISP for hand muscle is Poster #: 79 acquired before and after 12 sessions (over no resolution to detect subtle changes in most consistent under a submaximal muscle Title: E ect of Positioning Devices on 4 months) of a structured UE therapy sensorimotor control of ngertip although contraction condition. Infant Movement program. Imaging data were processed using continuous control of ngertip force vectors is Name: Crystal Jiang BrainSuite14a (http://brainsuite.org/). CST essential for dexterous manipulation. Purpose: Poster #: 84 Faculty Advisor: Beth Fisher fractional anisotropy (FA) was quanti ed from e purpose of study is to investigate dynamic Title: In uence of Femur and Tibia each hemisphere and FA asymmetry index sensorimotor control of ngertip force in PD, Rotations on Patellofemoral Joint Stress Background: Infant movement can be used as (CST-FAAI) was calculated. Wolf Motor using a challenging spring compression task. Name: Tzu-Chieh Liao an indicator of developmental progress. is Function Test (WMFT) time and Fugl- Methods: e task consists of compressing Faculty Advisor: Christopher Powers study explores infant leg and foot movement, Meyer UE assessment (FMA) were acquired a slender spring prone to buckling, which in various environmental contexts: when as primary clinical outcomes of function and requires very low force magnitudes (< 3N for Background: Patellofemoral pain (PFP) is constrained in a bumbo or car seat or when impairment, respectively. Linear regression full compression). We measured the level of a common condition seen in orthopedic was used to determine the relationship compression force (F), force velocity (F’), and practice. A commonly cited hypothesis as to 52 the cause of PFP is elevated patellofemoral extensor moments. Future studies should wearing a full body marker set. e fore-aft Preliminary analysis shows no apparent joint (PFJ) stress secondary to abnormal investigate how gait mechanics modulate and mediolateral margins of stability were di erence between quantity of leg movement lower extremity kinematics in the frontal braking force and knee loading and the calculated using each method and the results in 4 minutes when infants were wearing and transverse planes. To date, the in uence mechanisms that underlie these movement were compared using an ANOVA Results: movement sensors on their legs (M 150, 95% of tibia and femur rotations on PFJ stress patterns. Data collection for this study is ongoing CI 90-250) compared to when they were not is unknown. Purpose: To determine the Conclusion: We expect that validation of the wearing sensors (M 130, 95% CI 90-180). in uence of frontal and transverse plane Poster #: 86 simpli ed model can be useful in assessing Conclusion: Preliminary analysis supports rotations of the femur and tibia on PFJ stress. Title: E ect of Positioning Devices on the e ect of rehabilitative interventions on that wearing movement sensors does not Methods: Patella cartilage stress pro les for Infant Arm Movement Characteristics dynamic postural control abilities in research a ect quantity of infant leg movements. two healthy participants were quanti ed Name: Isabelle Mason and clinical settings Next steps include determining whether utilizing subject-speci c nite element Faculty Advisor: Beth Smith leg movements in early infancy relate to models. Input parameters included: subject- Poster #: 88 developmental rate and later functional speci c joint geometry, quadriceps muscle Background: Infants with developmental Title: Hip and Ankle Moments During outcomes. forces, and weight-bearing PFJ kinematics. delay often lag on integrating mind, body Forward Reach: Comparison Across Using a nonlinear FE solver, quasi-static and behavior. One reason for this could Strategies Poster #: 90 loading simulations were performed to be that these move less and, as a result, Name: Tulika Nandi Title: Muscle Activation Patterns During a quantify patella cartilage stress during a static their movement skills and central nervous Faculty Advisor: George Salem Standing Voluntary Leg Lift squatting maneuver (45° knee exion). e systems develop at a slower rate. Purpose: Name: K. Michael Rowley femur and tibia were then rotated along their Certain positioning devices are thought to Background: It has been demonstrated that Faculty Advisor: Kornelia Klug respective axes from 0° to 10° (2° increments) increase infant movement, while car seats the hip strategy (HS) is chosen instead of in both frontal and transverse planes from the are seen as restraints to motion. Our focus ankle strategy (AS) only when large or rapid Background: Low back pain is a highly natural position. Results: In the transverse lies in how devices a ect arm movements in external perturbations are encountered. is prevalent condition with 80% of adults plane, femur internal rotation resulted in infants with typical development (TD) and has led to the hypothesis that use of HS experiencing an episode once in their the greatest PFJ stress. In the frontal plane, in infants with or at risk for developmental during self-initiated movements that are lifetime and about half su ering from femur adduction resulted in a more modest delay (AR). Methods: 13 TD infants and 13 relatively safe or involve small center of mass recurrent episodes. Distinct postural patterns increase in average hydrostatic pressure. Tibia AR infants participated, ages 1-10 months. (COM) excursions indicates poor balance, persist in this population during periods of rotations had a minimal impact on PFJ stress. We attached movement sensors to their arms possibly due to de cits in ankle musculature. symptom remission. For instance during Conclusion: Patella cartilage stress appears and recorded their spontaneous movements Purpose: To elucidate the biomechanical voluntary arm raise tasks, deep bers of the to be in uenced to a greater degree by femur with sensors and video for 4 minutes in role of the hip during self-initiated standing lumbar multi dus (MF) and the transversus rotations as opposed to tibia rotations. is each of following conditions (randomized forward reach. Methods: 5 young participants abdominis (TrA) activate later than in is logical given the fact that the patella across infants): supine, bumbo seat and stood with their right shoulder exed to 90°. healthy controls. Purpose: e purpose of articulates with the femoral trochlea and jungle gym (encourage arm movement), car ey were instructed to reach forward as far this study was to investigate these patterns thus motions of the femur would in uence seat (constrain movement). Video data were as possible without taking a step and without during voluntary leg exion, a task related contact mechanics to a greater degree than analyzed by trained coders to identify start, raising their heels o the oor. 3 trials each to activities of daily living such as gait and tibia rotation. stop and type of arm movements. Results: were collected with 2 di erent instructions – stair climbing. Methods: One healthy subject Preliminary results are from one infant per do not bend the hip (AS) and bend the hip was instrumented with surface and ne- Poster #: 85 group. In the gym condition, TD3 made an (HS). 2 force plates and an 11 camera motion wire electromyography in postural muscles Title: Relationship Between Knee Extensor average of 15 arm movements in 30-seconds, capture system were used to obtain moments, including MF and TrA. e subject exed Moment and GRFs During Gait Post- and AR1 made an average of 17. Of TD3’s and whole-body COM and center of pressure the right leg in response to a light cue in four ACLr movements, 50.2% involved physical touching (COP) excursions. Results: Reach distance conditions. Onset times were averaged across Name: Paige Lin or interacting with the gym, and in AR1, normalized by height was signi cantly higher four trials for each condition and plotted Faculty Advisor: Susan Sigward 95.2% of movements involved interacting during HS (∆= 4.5±0.7 cm; p<0.001). is relative to the onset of the rectus femoris, with gym. Conclusion: e sample size is too was accompanied by a signi cantly higher considered the prime mover of combined leg Background: Clinically, individuals are small to make inferences regarding quantity peak hip extensor moment (∆= 0.41±0.12 exion. Results: Relative to rectus femoris expected to restore normal gait mechanics of movement and development rates. Nm/kg; p=0.002). e maximum COM and onset at 0 ms, on average TrA activated at by 3 months post-anterior cruciate However, it is interesting to note that infant COP excursions and peak ankle plantar exor 19.4 ms in the uninstructed condition, 35.2 ligament reconstruction (ACLr). However, AR had a similar quantity of movements moment were not signi cantly di erent ms in the fast condition, -210.0 ms in the biomechanical studies report that large compared to the infant with TD, but a much between strategies. Conclusion: Using HS dual attention condition, and -68.2 ms in knee extensor moment asymmetries are still higher percentage of the movements were allowed participants to reach further without the fatigued condition. Contrary to what present in the absence of large kinematic direct interactions with the gym. increasing the balance risk as assessed by was expected, MF was activated prior to leg di erences. is suggests that individuals COM and COP excursions. erefore, use exion and shut o shortly after the onset may be modulating ground reaction forces Poster #: 87 of HS may not necessarily be a last resort of the rectus femoris, remaining o during to limit knee loading. Purpose: To determine Title: A Comparison of Techniques to indicating absence of ankle strength and the the period of sustained exion. Conclusion: the relationship between knee extensor Quantify Dynamic Margins of Stability hip should not be ignored during assessment e unexpected ndings of MF require more moment, ground reaction force, and knee Name: Tatri Mukherjee and retraining of balance. thought and indicate that this task requires exion angle symmetry between limbs Faculty Advisor: James Finley fundamentally di erent control from the arm during gait. Methods: 13 individuals (8 Poster #: 89 exion tasks previous investigated. females,24.2±9.2yrs) performed 3 walking Background: A number of studies have Title: Determining If Opal Sensors A ect trials at 3 months (87.9±8.9days) post-ACLr. looked into dynamic postural control Frequency of Infants’ Leg Movements Poster #: 91 3D kinematics (250 Hz), ground reaction strategies during activities such as standing, Name: Emily Perkins Title: Predictors of Loading Rate in Heel- forces (1500Hz) and anthropometrics walking, and walking while turning. is Faculty Advisor: Beth Smith strike Runners were used in inverse dynamics to identify is mainly because activities like turning Name: Yo Shih knee exion angle (kFLEX), knee extensor require dynamic control of the center of Background: Currently, infants de ned as “at Faculty Advisor: Christopher Powers moment (kEXT) and posterior (pGRF) mass (COM), to maintain it within the base risk” for developmental delay are followed and vertical (vGRF) ground reaction force of support (BOS). Typically, calculation of clinically, but it is a challenge to accurately Background: High loading rates are thought peaks during loading response. Between the COM’s kinematics requires a full body identify early which infants are typically- to contribute to lower extremity injuries limb symmetry was calculated as the ratio marker set which has several disadvantages developing or delayed. ese individuals in runners. Also, studies show that loading between involved and uninvolved limbs. such as: 1) long preparation time, 2) tedious normally would not receive any interventions rates are higher in heel strikers than forefoot Pearson’s product-moment correlations were data analysis process, 3) undetected markers, until around age 2 when doctors can identify strikers during running. However, not all heel used to determine the relationship between 4) errors due to noise. Hence simple kinematic toddlers as developmentally delayed. Early strikers exhibit high loading rates. Purpose: knee loading de cits; signi cance α≤0.05. models, which take into account fewer identi cation of delayed infant neuromotor To date, it is not known what kinematic or Results: On average, kFLEX and kEXT markers, would be useful to determine the control is necessary for early targeted kinetic factors are predictive of high loading ratios were 0.97±0.18 (range:0.72-1.34) and COM and the dynamic margins of stability intervention to promote development. rates. Methods: Twenty male (age, 27.1 ± 7.0 0.77±0.31 (range:0.26-1.36), respectively. (MoS). Previous studies have relied on Purpose: We are using wearable sensors to yr; height, 1.74 ± 6.9 m; weight, 71.1± 8.2kg) pGRF and kEXT ratios were correlated simpli ed models to estimate the kinematics record full-day infant movements in order and 20 female heel-strike runners (age, (r=0.706;p=0.007). kEXT ratio was not of the COM and the MoS. However, the to predict outcomes for at-risk infants. Our 26.2 ± 5.8 yr; height, 1.65 ± 7.4 m; weight, correlated with vGRF ratio (r=0.290;p=0.337) data obtained from these models has not goal here is to determine whether wearing 60.6 ± 6.6 kg) were recruited for this study. or kFLEX ratio (r=0.440;p=0.132). been validated Purpose: To validate three the sensors a ects leg movements. Methods: Kinematic and kinetic data were collected Conclusion: Larger pGRF asymmetries were simpli ed kinematic models by comparing Participants were 13 typically-developing while participants ran at a controlled speed strongly related to larger kEXT asymmetries the estimated MoS computed using these infants and 13 at-risk infants, ages 2 to 8 of 3.4 m/s along a 14 meter runway with a during gait at 3 months post-op, indicating simple models to the MoS obtained from months. We recorded 4 minutes of video per force plate mounted ush to the oor. Lower that smaller pGRFs are related to smaller the full body marker set. Methods: Young infant of spontaneous supine movements extremity joint kinematics, kinetics, energetic kEXT. is suggests that individuals post- healthy adults were recruited and asked for each leg with and without sensors. variables and leg/joint sti ness during initial ACLr modulate braking forces, not vertical to perform 3 activities: 1) walking, 2) step Trained behavior coders identi ed when a loading were analyzed. Step-wise multiple forces or knee exion angle, to limit knee turning, and 3) gure of eight walking while leg movement started and stopped. Results: USC Student Research Group (SRG) 53 the best predictor(s) of loading rate. Results: from 12 infants with typical development movements (RLMs) were observed more and rst-person narratives. Results: Figured Leg sti ness from initial contact to the for 8-13 hours per day. ere were 2 months frequently in tibialis anterior (TA, ankle worlds are socially constructed units that impact peak was the rst variable that entered between visits and a total of 3 visits per infant. exor) than in lateral gastrocnemius (LG, are characterized by particular people and the stepwise regression model of loading rate A sensor was attached to each leg, recording ankle extensor). e apparent dominance of activities, and that shape identities. When (R2=0.728). e second variable that entered accelerometer and gyroscope measurements TA RLM bursts suggested that there may be one is immersed in the gured world of was the knee angle change from initial at 20 Hz. During each visit video data were a exor bias in embryonic locomotor drive. the military during a deployment and is, contact to the impact peak (∆ R2 =0.04). recorded. From the sensor data, we created It was proposed that the exor bias may be therefore, isolated from other worlds, changes No other variables entered into the nal an algorithm to de ne a leg movement. partially attributed to the constrained posture in identity result, making the transition model. Conclusion: Our ndings suggest e algorithm was compared to the gold- imposed by the eggshell; however, it has yet back to the world of family life challenging. that increased lower extremity compliance standard video data. Results: A subject-based to be determined if the exor bias is reduced Further, all members within the family immediately following initial contact protects algorithm was developed to de ne a leg when the constraint is removed. Purpose: gured world also experience identity shifts. against high loading rate of runners. Further movement. Each change of direction of the e aim of this study is to determine if leg Positive withdrawal, which is a consciousness study is needed to test the feasibility of limb is counted as a discrete movement. e exor and extensor burst parameters di er about limiting one’s participation, describes manipulating leg sti ness and knee angle comparison of kick count between algorithm between spatially constrained (control) purposeful limited engagement with a gured change immediate following initial contact to and video inspection for a 20s section for and unconstrained (foot-free, FF) RLMs. world. Moral moods help one to process of minimize loading rates. 23 di erent data sets showed an error of Methods: EMG recordings from a previously one’s experience as one moves in between around 5.75% on average. Conclusion: We published study of RLMs were re-analyzed worlds. Conclusion: e constructs of gured Poster #: 92 have shown that inertial sensors can identify for 3 embryos to test for di erences in drive world, positive withdrawal, and moral moods infant leg movements from a full-day, in- Title: Risk Factors Associated with Shoulder to leg exor and extensor motor pools. Burst are found to be useful ways to describe the home recording. is is a very e cient way Injury in High-intensity Exercise counts and normalized burst integrated reintegration experience for both service of having a portable in-home device for Name: Corbin Skinner amplitude (percentage of muscle’s maximum members and families, and the complex shifts quantifying full-day infant movement to help Faculty Advisor: Jonathan Sum amplitude) were calculated and compared in identity associated with the transition the early detection of movement impairment. between control and FF conditions within process. Background: High-intensity exercise is a embryo. Results: Results indicated that Poster #: 94 form of training that is gaining popularity. burst count was greater for TA than LG in Poster #: 97 Title: Cortical Activation Associated with both conditions for all experiments (control: Title: e In uence of Social Interaction on e e ects of high-intensity exercise have not Muscle Synergies of Female Pelvic Floor been thoroughly investigated. More recently, Name: Moheb Yani 2.6x-4.8x; FF: 1.9x-5.1x). Normalized the Latino Paradox high-intensity exercise has been linked to Faculty Advisor: Jason Kutch integrated amplitude was greater for TA Name: Lucia Florindez major injury. Purpose: e objective of this than LG during control conditions in 2 of Faculty Advisor: Florence Clark pilot study is to investigate the e ects of Background: Human pelvic oor muscles 3 experiments (34-36% increase) and during participating in high-intensity exercise and have been shown to operate synergistically FF conditions in all experiments (98-141% Background: Despite facing health disparities potential risk factors associated with shoulder with a wide variety of muscles, which increase). Conclusion: Our results suggest including low income and low education, injury; the target population is individuals has been suggested to be an important that ankle exor muscles are more frequently Latinos in the United States have a 18 to 40 years of age that are intending to contributor to continence and pelvic stability and strongly recruited than extensors during signi cantly higher life expectancy rate than participate in a regular high-intensity exercise during functional tasks. We recently showed RLMs under both control and FF conditions. Caucasians and Blacks, an epidemiological regimen who have no prior experience. is that muscle synergies of the human male Further, locomotor drive to exors does not phenomenon called the “Latino Paradox.” study will allow us to estimate the proportion pelvic oor appear to involve activation of appear to di er between conditions. Many attempts have been made to explain of subjects who sustain a shoulder injury as motor cortical areas associated with pelvic this phenomenon, but few approaches have well as explore any factors or conditions that oor control (Asavasopon et al., 2014); used a neurological lens. Purpose: Further clearly predispose a subject to a shoulder however, these synergies remain untested in assess the relationship between stress and injury. Methods: Using questionnaires (the healthy adult females, and the rules by which social support in Latinos by presenting a Penn Shoulder Score, the DASH, and our these synergies are controlled require further way to account for the Latino Paradox that is own survey), we intend to collect qualitative attention. Purpose: Here, we hypothesize grounded in neuroscience research. Methods: data prior to participation, and every that activations in motor cortical regions A scoping review of literature from 1980 to month thereafter, up to 12 months. We will associated with the human female pelvic oor 2014, written in English, and published in enroll subjects over one year or until we activation are part of the neural substrate for peer-reviewed journals provided no results have enrolled 100 subjects and will follow such synergies. Furthermore, we hypothesize connecting neural implications directly subjects for one year. Standard graphical and that the synergies of the human female with the Latino Paradox. Criteria were statistical methods will be used to summarize pelvic oor are graded, where a change in expanded to include studies that addressed results and patterns. Results: Results from one muscle activation may be associated social support related to stress, birth weight, this study will help us identify (1) what with changes in the activation patterns of Occupational Science levels of depression; a second review was categories of shoulder function could be the other synergetic muscles. Methods: We conducted to nd studies that discussed the most a ected by high-intensity exercise will use electromyographic recordings to test and occupational neural impact of stress. ese searches yielded and (2) what previously existing factors of a whether in females: (1) pelvic oor muscles over 180 studies that were reviewed by title person (i.e. demographics, activity levels, and activate synergistically during voluntary and abstract for inclusion. A nal sample relevant medical history) may contribute to activation of gluteal muscles, but not during therapy student of 20 articles representing 4 themes were an increased risk of shoulder injury in high voluntary activation of nger muscles; (2) charted and summarized. Results: Studies intensity exercise. Conclusion: (Refer to pelvic oor muscles activation level does not were arranged into thematic groups: infant “Results”) change when activation level of the gluteal Poster #: 96 mortality, acculturation/immigrant status, muscles changes; and, (3) the onset of pelvic Title: Military Community Reintegration as disease burden, and impact of stress. All oor muscles activation does not change Poster #: 93 Transition between Figured Worlds studies concluded that social support was when activation level of the gluteal muscles Title: Validation of Inertial Sensors for Name: Alison Cogan Faculty an important mitigating factor in bu ering changes. Furthermore, we will use functional Determining Infant Leg Movement Rate Advisor: Florence Clark the negative e ects of stress. Conclusion: magnetic resonance (fMRI) to test whether Name: Ivan Trujillo-Priego is relationship between stress levels and in females a region of the medial motor wall Faculty Advisor: Beth Smith Background: Community reintegration social interaction suggests a neurological of the precentral gyrus consistently activates after military deployment is a challenging, explanation for the Latino paradox as during both voluntary pelvic oor muscles Background: Movement disorders in nonlinear process of adjustment to civilian related to family and social structure. activation and voluntary gluteal muscles life. However, most existing theoretical infants are not completely understood and activation, but not during voluntary nger Close interpersonal relationships typically there is a lack of accurate early detection perspectives about the process place the characterize the social dynamics of Latino muscles activation. Finally, we will test burden on the individual or family unit of movement impairment. A portable, fast whether EMG and fMRI activation patterns families, and such components are linked quantitative analysis method for measuring rather than considering the community’s with better overall perceived health levels. are sex dependent. Results: N/A Conclusion: role. A new way of characterizing this infant movement will support objective N/A assessments and a better understanding of transition is warranted. Purpose: e purpose Poster #: 98 infant neuromotor development. Purpose: of this project is to explore the process of Title: Post Hip Fracture: Interdisciplinary Poster #: 95 community reintegration as an occupational e use of data from inertial sensors to Title: Examination of Flexor Bias in the Care Collaboration for Continuous Quality transition between military and family determine the quantity, type and quality of Late Stage Chick Embryogenesis Care life, using the concepts of gured worlds, infants’ leg movements performed across a Name: Zhixin Zhang Name: Heather Gillies positive withdrawal, and moral moods. full-day measurement for further use in the Faculty Advisor: Nina Bradley Faculty Advisor: Natalie Leland di erentiation of infants with typical, delayed Methods: e theoretical constructs of Background: Interdisciplinary care gured worlds, positive withdrawal, and or impaired neuromotor development. Background: Previous studies reported collaboration during a post-acute care moral moods were applied to accounts of Methods: Inertial sensor data were collected that during late-stage embryogenesis in episode is pivotal for delivering continuous military transitions from recent research the chick, muscle bursts for repetitive limb high quality care. Purpose: To elucidate 54 interdisciplinary high quality post-acute care tool for rehabilitation providers, yet the level (31 female) on a 3T Siemens Verio 3T other rehabilitation professionals can address in the context of hip fracture rehabilitation of evidence remains low for the translation of Scanner. A twice-refocused spin-echo EPI symptoms of CRCD through evidence- from the perspective of rehabilitation these interventions to the setting of OT. More sequence acquired 51 slices in 257 directions based interventions. Purpose: To identify and providers. Methods: irteen rehabilitation research is warranted to evaluate the utility (FoV = 231 x 231, voxel size = 2.4 x 2.4 x 2.4, summarize the literature on rehabilitation provider focus groups of 99 clinicians and e cacy of mindfulness interventions max-b value 5000 s\mm2 TR = 9,916 ms, interventions and coping techniques for (occupational therapists, occupational therapy provided by OTs for body-related disorders. TE = 157 ms). All images were processed CRCD in cancer survivors. Methods: A assistants, physical therapists, and physical using a q-space di eomorphic reconstruction scoping review of articles cited in PubMed, therapy assistants) were conducted in skilled Poster #: 100 method described by Yeh & Tseng (2011). MEDLINE, PsychINFO, and CINAHL was nursing facilities (SNFs) throughout Los Title: Qualitative Synthesis of Narrative A group averaged template atlas, the CMU- performed. To be included, articles must have Angeles County. Purposive sampling ensured Research in Spinal Cord Injury 60, was then produced by averaging the spin been published in a peer-reviewed scienti c SNFs covering all key characteristics known Rehabilitation distribution function in each voxel across all journal between 1996 and 2014, written to impact care delivery were included. Focus Name: Carol Haywood subjects. is provides a composite map of in English, and included a quantitative or groups elicited providers’ perspectives of Faculty Advisor: Mary Lawlor the underlying voxelwise di usion structure qualitative nonpharmacological study of best practices for hip fracture rehabilitation. that can be independently analyzed as a interventions and/or coping strategies for Sessions were audio-recorded and transcribed. Background: A ubiquitous challenge representation map of normative white matter adult cancer survivors experiencing CRCD. Rooted in a grounded theory approach, a in rehabilitation and disability research pathways. Deterministic ber tractography Results: Ten articles met the inclusion criteria systematic analysis of the transcripts was is rooted in the methods by which was performed between the precentral gyrus for nal review. Six studies tested the e cacy conducted to identify major themes and sub- experiences are de ned. With quantitative (pass through ROI), including lateral aspects of rehabilitation treatments on CRCD. themes using Atlas-ti. Results: Secondary to measures dominating the gold standards of of the central sulcus, and the thalamus ree involved cognitive behavioral therapy di erent practice cultures and organizational rehabilitation research, individuals’ feelings, (endpoint ROI). A principle component (CBT), while three tested neuropsychological structures, interdisciplinary care collaboration functions, and experiences are typically analysis was performed along the precentral and/or cognitive training interventions. strategies varied across SNFs. Bottom-up outlined in uniform surveys or assessment gyrus ROI to identify the direction of the Four qualitative studies investigated coping strategies included speaking face-to-face scales. By default, this means that a person spatial distribution of the ber endpoints strategies used by survivors with CRCD. with nursing sta ; directly training individual is limited to reporting only within the range along the precentral gyrus (z axis). Conclusion: CBT-based treatments and Certi ed Nursing Assistants (CNAs); and of values provided. Purpose: e purpose of Multivariate ordinary least squares regression neuropsychological/cognitive training collaboration with assessments. Top-down this review was to examine narrative research model was then used to estimate how methods may ameliorate symptoms of organizational strategies included providing on the lived experiences of individuals with a moving along the precentral gyrus shifted CRCD. e most commonly-reported coping group in-services; an interdisciplinary spinal cord injury (SCI) in order to determine a ber direction in the thalamus (coronal strategy is utilization of assistive technology “stand-up” meeting; written communication how the existing body of qualitative research plane) represented as a vector from lower to and memory aids. Further research is needed supports using a 24-hour nursing log; and can inform rehabilitation practices for this upper extremity representations., Rayleigh’s about e cacious rehabilitation techniques for electronic charting. Facilities that didn’t population. Methods: A qualitative synthesis statistic for circular data (Berens, 2009) this population. emphasize collaboration expressed a lack was performed using modi ed versions of the was performed to measure vector direction of support or follow through from nursing methods outlined by omas and Harden against a null hypothesis of a uniform circular Poster #: 103 sta . Conclusion: Rehabilitation providers (2008) and Walsh and Downe (2005). e distribution. In order to get a sense of how Title: Role of Occupational erapy in use various combinations of verbal and methods were divided into four stages: consistent these shifts are observed across Oncology Care written communication to ensure continuity (1) framing and initiating the literature subjects, we performed the same analysis on Name: Alix Sleight of care and critical components include both search with ongoing appraisal of ndings, each individual subject in the data set. Results: Faculty Advisor: Florence Clark bottom-up and top-down strategies. Failure (2) categorical and thematic analysis of In congruence with histological studies, we to collaborate may impede the quality of care. individual studies, (3) translation of themes observed motor-thalamic projections ending Background: Cancer survivorship is on the among studies, and (4) development of meta in the ventrolateral and ventromedial aspects rise. 1.6 million adults and over 80,000 Poster #: 99 themes. irty-eight articles with an analysis of the thalamus. A consistent somatotopic adolescents, young adults, and children are Title: Mindfulness in Rehabilitation: A of narrative data from SCI survivors were organization of the motor-thalamic diagnosed with cancer in the United States Scoping Review reviewed. Results: e synthesis of these projections was detected across all subjects each year. During cancer treatment and Name: Mark Hardison publications generated strong evidence for such that streamlines starting in ventrolateral survivorship, individuals may experience Faculty Advisor: Shawn Roll implications of SCIs, which extended beyond aspects of the precentral gyrus (upper fatigue, pain, weakness, cognitive de cits, traditional models of rehabilitative care to extremities) terminated more medially within anxiety, depression, and adjustment to new Background: Mindfulness is used to help a ect identity and engagement in daily life. the thalamus than streamlines originating roles and routines, among other di culties. patients focus nonjudgmentally on the ough individual experiences after a SCI in the doromedial precentral gyrus (lower Purpose: To identify and summarize the experience of the present moment which vary, this synthesis revealed the potential of extremities). As a ber’s position moved literature regarding past, current, and future improves health-related outcomes such a SCI to signi cantly shift one’s position, down the cortical somatotopy, from dorsal roles of occupational therapy (OT) in as pain and anxiety. Because mindfulness perspectives, and priorities in life. Conclusion: to ventral positions along the gyrus, there oncology. Methods: A scoping review of interventions are theoretically compatible e collection of narratives and overarching was a consistent lateral-to-medial shift in the articles published in PubMed was performed. with the holistic approach of occupational themes illustrate the value of narrative data thalamus. In the left hemisphere this shift Inclusion criteria were: published in a peer- therapy (OT), there is an emerging literature for research and intervention development also included a slightly dorsal tilt, while in the reviewed scienti c journal between 1990 and suggesting a use for mindfulness in OT for individuals with a SCI. right hemisphere there was a slight ventral bias 2015, written in English, and included key practice. Purpose: A scoping review was to the shift. ere was substantial variability words “occupational therapy” and “cancer” or conducted to describe how mindfulness is Poster #: 101 in the vectors across subjects; however, “oncology”. Results: Eighty articles met the used in rehabilitative contexts for body-related Title: Visualization and Quanti cation of a Rayliegh’s test found that the overall criteria for nal review. e majority of studies disorders, identify the potential applicability Corticothalamic Somatotopies in Humans population vector was consistently oriented were quantitative, followed by guidelines for to occupational therapy, and illuminate gaps Name: Emily Kilroy in a lateral-to-medial direction in both the practice and then qualitative articles. Breast in the current research. Methods: PubMed, Faculty Advisor: Lisa Aziz-Zadeh left (z = 6.39, p < 0.001) and right (z = 11.56, cancer was the most commonly represented CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, and PsycINFO p < 0.002) hemispheres. Conclusion: ese single diagnosis (n=19). Twenty-seven of were searched using the terms “therapeutics, Background: e primate motor-thalamic ndings are highly consistent with previous the 80 total articles (34%) included studies rehabilitation, or alternative medicine” and pathways are somatotopically organized, ex vivo neuroantomical work in primates and or review articles with direct implications “mindfulness”. Abstracts were screened and beginning in precentral motor cell bodies demonstrates how atlas-based tractography for OT; however, of these articles, only nine full text manuscripts read for eligibility by and maintained in the axons as they project can provide a reliable quantitative mapping speci cally examined the e cacy of OT 2 reviewers. Articles were included if they and terminate on ventral thalamic neurons. of microstructural topographies in human interventions. Additionally, only 19% (n=15) described clinical applications of mindfulness e medial-lateral organization of this corticothalamic pathways. of articles were published in OT journals, and interventions for body-related disorders, had somatotopy within the thalamus has been in 23% of articles (n=18), occupational and relevance to rehabilitation in occupational well described in non-human primate studies Poster #: 102 physical therapy were grouped together as one therapy, and were provided in a rehabilitative (Nambu, 2011; Vitek, 1994) but has yet to Title: Rehabilitation Techniques for undi erentiated intervention. Conclusion: context. Results: e search produced 1524 be visualized in human populations in vivo. Chemotherapy-Related Cognitive OTs are well-situated to address the myriad original abstracts, of which 188 articles were To address this we used atlas-based ber Dysfunction issues experienced by the oncology population. read in full, and 16 were included. Included tractography on di usion spectrum imaging Name: Alix Sleight However, there is currently a dearth of articles showed preliminary support for (DSI) data to quantify the organization Faculty Advisor: Florence Clark research focusing on the unique role of OT the use of mindfulness interventions for of white matter projections connecting interventions in cancer care. Without strong physical dysfunction most consistently having precentral motor areas with the thalamus in Background: Chemotherapy-related evidence to inform and support practice, OT resolved pain and improved adaptation to humans. Purpose: e purpose of this study cognitive dysfunction (CRCD) impacts interventions may be underutilized. OT illness. Studies were generally cohort design is to visualize the somatotopy of the motor- memory, attention, concentration, language, researchers and practitioners must take action without control. Only one intervention thalamic pathway in vivo humans. Methods: multitasking, and organizational skills and to support involvement in oncology. used an OT as the primary intervener. Di usion spectrum imaging was performed decreases participation and quality of life for Conclusion: Mindfulness may be a useful on sixty neurologically healthy participants cancer survivors. Occupational therapists and USC Student Research Group (SRG) 55 Poster #: 104 Early surgical treatment is necessary to silver lactate is a promising candidate for were subjected to nonlinear contact analysis Title: Enhancing Quality of Life for prevent further deformations as well as to bone tissue engineering with antimicrobial to simulate occlusal loading of 500N total Individuals with Dementia avoid hearing loss, developmental de cits, properties against Aa bacteria in vitro. force from the antagonist rst molar directed Name: Carin Wong and the e ects of pressure on the brain. axially (clenching) and from the working Faculty Advisor: Natalie Leland Purpose: To create an animal model to study Poster #: 107 and non-working side. Major principal craniosynostosis and the di erent factors that Title: Bisphosphonate Uptake in Areas of values of stresses were recorded and stress Background: e management of negative may regulate craniosynostosis. Methods: A Tooth Extraction or Periapical Disease peaks compared. Results: Highest stresses behavioral symptoms among residents with transgenic approach was used to permanently Name: Simon Cheong were observed with the simulated NW dementia is a challenge that nursing homes label Gli1-positive cells and track their Faculty Advisor: Sotirios Tetradis interference, followed by the working contacts face in delivering quality care. Traditional fate. We then analyzed the Gli1-positive and the clenching in MIP. For NW, stress medication-based treatments have resulted cells after suture transplants and mimicked Background: Medication-related peaks concentrated along the central groove, in adverse patient outcomes. us, there is injury to determine the role of Gli1-positive osteonecrosis of the jaws (ONJ) is a serious oblique ridge and LDG. e same pattern a growing interest in non-pharmacological cells in injury repair. In addition, DTA was complication of treatment with antiresorptive was found in W but including the BDG approaches to promote the quality of life used to deplete Gli1-positive cells and the agents, a ecting patients with cancer or instead of LDG. No such tensile forces were among these nursing home residents. phenotypes of the sutures in the mouse metabolic bone disease. ONJ lesions mainly found during clenching. Conclusion: e Purpose: Examine non-pharmacological model were analyzed. We reduced Gli1- occur after extraction of teeth deemed present numerical simulation reveals clearly interventions targeting negative behaviors positive cells in Twist1+/- mutant mice and unrestorable or around teeth with active the harmful e ect of occlusal interferences in among residents with dementia in nursing performed phenotypic and genotypic analysis periodontal or periapical disease. A puzzling term of tensile stress within the restorations homes in an e ort to increase their quality as well as uCT imaging. Results: Our group question is the nearly exclusive selection and occlusal topography. of life. Methods: A scoping review of recently described that the neurovascular of the disease for the jaws, although the intervention studies was conducted and bundle serves as a niche for Gli1-positive remaining skeleton appears to be spared. Poster #: 109 included articles published from 1987 to mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the Purpose: Various hypotheses have been Title: Flavonoids for CMV-Induced Salivary 2014, written in English, published in mouse incisor. We further discovered that proposed to explain the jaw predilection to Gland Tumor erapy peer-reviewed journals, measured negative MSCs in the cranial sutures are Gli1-positive osteonecrosis in the presence of BPs. Among Name: Mark Choe behavioral symptoms as a primary patient and that loss of these cells results in suture them, increased bone turnover of the jaws Faculty Advisor: Tina Jaskoll outcome, and included a sample of nursing fusion. We hypothesized that transplanting compared with the remaining skeleton and home residents 60 years of age or older healthy MSCs into synostotic sutures in a oversuppression of bone turnover suggest Background: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma diagnosed with dementia. Five hundred forty- mouse model of craniosynostosis (Twist1+/-) a preferential uptake of BPs to the maxilla (MEC) is the most common malignant two articles were initially reviewed by title could restore suture patency. Conclusion: and mandible. Because socket healing or tumor in major and minor salivary glands. and abstract, resulting in 96 articles, of which Twist1+/- mice exhibit craniosynostosis. Plans dental disease shows higher bone turnover, However, there are presently no e ective 75 full text articles were then obtained and for the future will be to further study Twist1 the authors hypothesized that preferentially treatments for MEC. Our laboratory has reviewed to meet the inclusion and exclusion as a regulator of craniosynostosis as well as high BP accumulation would be observed shown cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection criteria. e nal sample of 22 articles was other possible risk factors. in these areas. Methods: Maxillary molars to be an important component of human charted and summarized. Results: Twenty- were extracted or the crowns of mandibular MEC tumorigenesis. Since current anti- two studies addressed interventions targeting Poster #: 106 molars were drilled to induce pulp exposure. CMV drugs are limited due to toxicity and negative behavioral symptoms in older adults Title: Gingival Mesenchymal Stem Cell Animals were injected with uorescein- drug resistance, there is an urgent need for with dementia residing in nursing homes. (GMSC) Based Treatment Modality for labeled zoledronic acid (5-FAMZOL) 200 new anti-CMV treatments. Purpose: Our Four types of interventions were identi ed: Peri-implantitis mg/kg at various times after intervention and strategy for developing new anti-CMV occupation-based interventions (n=14), Name: Daniel Chee uorescence was measured at healthy versus therapeutics is to focus on the avonoid context and environment interventions Faculty Advisor: Alireza Moshaverinia intervention sites. Fluorescence imaging at family of phytochemicals, natural “anti-viral/ (n=5), exercise interventions (n=2), and 520-nm wavelength and 25-ms exposure was anti-cell signaling” agents extensively used in daily routine-based interventions (n=1). Background: Peri-implantitis is one of the performed. Data were analyzed by t test and Chinese herbal medicine, and determine their Conclusion: ese ndings suggest that non- most common in ammatory complications in mixed e ects linear models were constructed. e ects on CMV-host interactions. Methods: pharmacological interventions can reduce dental implantology. Similar to periodontitis, Results: A statistically signi cant, time- Embryonic day 15 (E15) and newborn ex vivo negative behavioral symptoms for older adults in peri-implantitis, destructive in ammatory dependent uptake of 5-FAM-ZOL was 3D submandibular gland (SMG) organs were with dementia residing in nursing homes. changes take place in the tissues surrounding detected in the areas of extraction socket incubated with 1x105 PFU/ml of lacZ-tagged ere is a need for future research to examine a dental implant. Bacterial ora at the failing and in the alveolar ridge around teeth with mCMV RM427+ on day 0 for 24 hours and interventions that integrate the four types of implant sites consists of Gram-negative periapical disease compared with the healthy then cultured in virus-free media for 10 days. non-pharmacological interventions. anaerobic bacteria including Actinobacillus contralateral sites of the same animals. e avonoid baicalein was added to culture actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), which resemble Conclusion: ese data suggest that sites with media daily on days 6-10. SMG phenotypes the pathogens in periodontal disease. increased bone turnover, such as extraction and viral distribution were analyzed using Purpose: We demonstrate the e ectiveness of sites or areas of periapical in ammation, hematoxylin and eosin histology and silver lactate (SL) containing RGD-coupled are exposed to higher BP doses than the immunohistochemistry. Results: Baicalein alginate hydrogel sca olds as a promising remaining alveolar ridge and could explain, at treatment induces a marked decrease in tissue stem cell delivery vehicle with antimicrobial least in part, the susceptibility of such areas pathology, aberrant cell proliferation and viral properties. Methods: Gingival mesenchymal to ONJ. infection, and a substantial increase in cell stem cells (GMSCs) and human bone marrow death in abnormal stroma in ex vivo mCMV- mesenchymal stem cells (hBMMSCs) as Poster #: 108 infected 3D SG organs. Conclusion: Our the positive control were encapsulated in Title: A New Perspective on Gnathology results suggest that baicalein is an e ective SL-loaded alginate hydrogel microspheres and Occlusion Using Numeric Simulation anti-CMV treatment due to its di erential and stem cell viability, proliferation, and Name: Raymond Cheung toxicity, targeting the CMV-infected and osteo-di erentiation abilities were analyzed. Faculty Advisor: Pascal Magne a ected cells while leaving the non-infected undergraduate Results: Our results showed that SL cells intact. What remains to be discovered exhibited antimicrobial properties against Background: e nite element method is the molecular mechanism of avonoid Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) in (FEM) is a sophisticated tool to demonstrate inhibition of viral infection and tissue dds student - BASIC a dose-dependent manner with 0.50 mg/ml the e ect occlusion on stress distribution pathology. showing the greatest antimicrobial properties in teeth restorations. Purpose: Using the sciences and cell viability. At this concentration, SL- FEM, this study investigated stress peaks Poster #: 110 containing alginate hydrogel was able to on a maxillary rst molar occlusal veneer Title: ree-dimensional Analysis of the Poster #: 105 inhibit Aa growth on the surface of Ti discs subjected to clenching (MIP), working (W) Innervation of the Developing Palate Title: Potential Risk Factors for and signi cantly reduced the bacterial load in and nonworking (NW) movements by the Name: Behzad Danesh-Panahi and Helia Craniosynostosis Aa suspensions. Silver was e ectively released antagonistic molar. Methods: Maxillary and Jafari Name: Nicole Arieh from the SL-loaded alginate microspheres mandibular rst molars were digitized with Faculty Advisor: Yang Chai Faculty Advisor: Yang Chai for up to w weeks. GMSCs and hBMMSCs a micro-CT scanner. e 2D images were encapsulated in the SL-loaded alginate converted into a 3D model using Mimics Background: Cleft palate is one of the most Background: Craniosynostosis is the microspheres were able to di erentiate software. Standard triangle language les of common malformations in humans and premature closure of one or more of the into osteoblast-like cells, as con rmed by enamel and dentin surfaces were exported requires complex interdisciplinary care. cranial vault sutures, which are brous the intense mineral matrix deposition and into 3-Matic software to optimize meshing erefore, prevention is the ultimate objective connections between adjacent skull bones. high expression of osteogenesis related operations. Finite element models were and this will be facilitated by a complete Approximately 1 in every 2000 to 3000 genes. Conclusion: Altogether, our ndings then created using Marc/Mentat mechanical understanding of the normal formation of infants are a ected by craniosynostosis. con rmed that GMSCs encapsulated in simulation software. e starting position for the palate. Purpose: It is known that nerves RGD-modi ed alginate hydrogel containing each load case was close to MIP. e models contribute to the regulation of patterning and 56 cell di erentiation in diverse organs. However, Poster #: 112 Wnt-8b, human stem cell lines carrying a antifungal drugs. Extracellular proteinases, the function of the nerves in di erent aspects Title: Zebra sh Transgenesis with Human WNT8B enhancer driven green uorescent secreted aspartyl proteinase (SAP) and of palatogenesis is yet to be elucidated. As a Enhancer-reporters Identify Lineage protein (GFP) reporter were characterized phospholipase B (PLB), are key determinants rst step, we present here a three dimensional Restricted CNCC subpopulations and the speci city of the WNT8B-GFP mediating pathogenicity and suitable targets description of the anatomy of the nerve in Name: Eddie Karabidian reporter was assessed. Endogenous WNT8 in drug development. Purpose: Flavonoids, the palatal shelves at a key developmental Faculty Advisor: Ruchi Bajpai expression patterns in chick neural tube and myricetin and quercetin, show activity against stage. Methods: Heads of wild type mouse human neurospheres were compared, and Candida albicans (CA) and provide promising embryos at developmental stage E13.5 were Background: e neural crest cells (NCC) DTB-derived neural crest cells were puri ed. candidates for therapeutics. ese studies sectioned coronally. Immunostaining using an are a transient, multipotent, migratory cell Results: Several human embryonic stem cell aimed to determine the antifungal activity of antibody to beta3-tubulin was performed on population that gives rise to distinctive lines with Wnt-8ben-GFP were generated. myricetin and quercetin and to elucidate their sections using conventional methods to detect craniofacial structures depending on their e pluripotent cells were di erentiated mechanisms by investigating the expression mature neurons. e 3D reconstruction of the site of origin in the neural tube, paths they into neuroectoderm, and GFP-positive cells and secretion of CA virulence factors and trigeminal nerve was carried out using the follow for migration and nal destination. were analyzed during the di erentiation time host cell in ammatory cytokines. Methods: software BioVis 3D. Results: In this study Although common features of NCC have course. Conclusion: Similar to the embryonic Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) we generated a three-dimensional anatomical been extensively studied distinguishing developmental pattern of WNT8B, the were determined after 24h by adding serial image of the innervation of the palatal features among NCC subtypes are not well enhancer we identi ed is not active in human dilutions of myricetin (0.7-70µM) and shelves. We con rmed previous observations known. Purpose: Enhancers are tissue speci c pluripotent cells or early neuroectoderm quercetin (4.5-45µM). Fluconazole and showing that nerves are restricted to the oral gene regulatory elements. ey are DNA derivatives, but turns on in cells representing solutions with 1% DMSO served as positive region of the palatal shelves and in close sequences that typically have binding sites the DTB and diencephalon. and vehicle controls respectively. Co-culture relationship with the rugae. In addition, we for several di erent activators and repressors. of C. albicans (ATCC: MYA 2876) at 2.5x103 also observe an interesting pattern along the ey allow spatiotemporal control of gene cells/mL and broblasts (ATCC: CRL2014) anterior-posterior axis. Hard palate and soft expression. Identifying lineage-restricted at 1.0x105 cells/mL were cultured in EMEM- palate are innervated by di erent branches of enhancers will be important for understanding medium, 10% FBS, treated with myricetin o the trigeminal nerve, which might be related development of diverse craniofacial structures and quercetin (1xMIC) at 37 C,5% CO2 for to the di erent tissues composing these and generating speci c cells for tissue 24h and harvested and evaluated for (n=9): A) two structures. Conclusion: Understanding repair. Methods: Our hypothesis is that Cell/Fungal viability; B) Extracellular host the anatomic structure and position of the human neural crest enhancers, identi ed in ammatory cytokines (ELISA for IL-1a, nerve in the palatal shelves is the rst step to in our lab using enhancer speci c histone IL-1b, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and GSM-CSF); elucidate its functions during development. modi cations, will show lineage restricted c) host gene expression of in ammatory Based on our 3D reconstruction and other expression domains in an embryonic context. response; D) C. albicans gene expression for data not shown here, it is tempting to We generated several stable transgenic SAP and PLB; e) SAP and PLB activity speculate that the nerve controls the oral- zebra sh carrying a human enhancers tagged and f ) Architecture analyses by uorescence nasal and anterior posterior pattern of the with green uorescent protein (GFP) by microscopy. Results: Myricetin and quercetin palatal mesenchyme as well as the epithelium, tol2 mediated transgenesis. e onset and inhibit C. albicans growth and an MIC was particularly the rugae. pattern of expression of each enhancer line Poster #: 114 established as 30µM and 25µM respectively. was analyzed with respect to known NCC Title: Antifungal Activity of Quercetin on e compounds decreased secretion of pro- Poster #: 111 markers at various developmental stages and Candida albicans Bio lm in ammatory cytokines (p<0.05), while Title: Epigenetic Control of Mesenchymal imaged using uorescent stereomicroscope or Name: Meng Lin increasing secretion of anti-in ammatory Stem Cells in the Adult Mouse Incisor a confocal microscope. Results: I discovered Faculty Advisor: Ramiro Murata cytokines. In addition, the treatment Name: Weston Grimes that di erent human NCC enhancer decreased host expression of these cytokines Faculty Advisor: Yang Chai constructs express GFP in distinctive patterns Background: Candida albicans is a fungal and CA expression and activity of virulence on the craniofacial region of zebra sh pathogen that is responsible for candidiasis. factors, SAP1 and PLB-1 (p<0.05). e Background: Lineage tracing in a mouse embryos. We identify enhancers that are Flavonoids have been demonstrated to have compounds also markedly altered the density incisor model identi ed the neurovascular activated in discrete regions of the neural tube antifungal e ects on various bio lms in many and architecture of the fungal colonies. bundle (NVB) as a mesenchymal stem cell that contribute to NCC in speci c arches, studies, and research has indicated Quercetin Conclusion: Myrecetin and quercetin (MSC) niche. It has been shown that the reveal alternate migratory routes followed in systematic health. Purpose: To study the demonstrate their therapeutic potential, not methyltransferase, EZH2, trimethylates by NCC emerging from the same part of the e ect of Quercetin on Candida albicans only through inhibition of fungal growth and H3K27me3 on chromatin. is repressive neural tube and NCC that give rise to speci c bio lm. Methods: C. albicans (ATCC 14053) virulence, but also in modulating the host mark is removed by KDM6A. EZH2 and structures in the developing face. Conclusion: bio lm were grown in 24-well plates with in ammatory responses. We will utilize these enhancer-reporter lines DifcoYeast Mold (YM) medium, incubated at KDM6A a ect regulatory genes involved in o an epigenetic switch, centered on H3K27me3, to study the e ects of craniofacial disease 37 C, 5% CO-. e medium was changed daily. Poster #: 116 which dictates MSC lineage determination. associated genes by Crisper-cas9 based On Day 2, treatments of Quercetin, 250µm Title: e Antifungal Activity of Geraniol Purpose: We hypothesized that the MSC knockout strategy. and 500µm soluble concentrations, were Against Candida albicans niche identi ed in the incisor will also express given twice a day. Fluconazole and solutions Name: Stephanie Ting H3K27me3. Furthermore, the epigenetic Poster #: 113 with 1% DMSO (v/v) will served as positive Faculty Advisor: Ramiro Murata “switch” on H3K27me3 governed by EZH2 Title: Generation of Human Neural Crest and vehicle controls respectively. Treatments and Kdm6a will be identi able around this Cells for Cell Replacement erapy continued onto Day 5, when data were Background: Oral candidiasis is a niche and demonstrate potential ways the Name: Ti any Lee collected, then analyzed for colony forming signi cant opportunistic infection that NVB dictates MSC di erentiation. Methods: Faculty Advisor: Ruchi Bajpai units (CFU/ml) and insoluble polysaccharide. often presents as a complication in people Immuno uorescence direct tissue staining Bio lms were plated for colony counting and with immunode ciency. e infection is was used with antibodies to identify the Background: In vertebrates, the dorsal aspect insoluble polysaccharide analysis. Results: conventionally managed with antifungals location of gene expression. e antibodies of the diencephalon-telencephalon- boundary In comparison to vehicle group and positive such as uconazole. However, there is a recent used include: Tri-Methyl-Histone H3 (DTB) and diencephalon express WNT8B, control with 86.957% decrease of insoluble increase in oral candidiasis that is resistant (Lys27) (C36B11) Rabbit mAb #9733—Cell marking a restricted region of the developing polysaccharide, Quercetin at 250µm and to these current drugs. is necessitates Signaling; EZH2 (D2C9) XP® Rabbit mAb neural tube. Within the neural tube these cells 500µm concentrations showed decrease the search for novel therapeutics. Purpose: #5246. Staining was performed according go on to generate the hippocampus, the center 91.926% and 85.093%, respectively. However, e aim of this in vitro study was to test to standard procedures. Results: Our data for memory and learning. e cells migrating both concentrations presented 42.857% the antimicrobial activity of the geraniol shows H3K27me3 and EZH2 activity within out from this region form the anterior-most decrease in CFU, while the positive control against C. albicans as well as its toxicity to the MSC niche of the cervical loop near neural crest, which migrates supraorbital showed 85.714% decrease. Conclusion: Our oral broblasts. Methods: e minimum the NVB. Additionally, our data shows the and contributes to the developing cranial data suggest that Quercetin disrupt the inhibitory concentration (MIC) of geraniol presence and activity of these MSC gene mesenchyme covering the forebrain and extracellular matrix and displays antifungal was determined according to NCCLS expression factors from embryonic age until midbrain. In vitro generation of human activity. guidelines. C. albicans at 2.5x103 cells/mL adulthood. Conclusion: Our data validates neural crest cells destined to form cranial was cultured in RPMI-medium at 37°C research establishing the cervical loop of mesenchyme has the potential to understand Poster #: 115 in 5% CO2 for 24 hours and innoculated the incisor as a MSC niche. Additionally, craniofacial development and utilize them for Title: Flavonoid Antifungal E ects on C. with geraniol (5 - 20mM). Fluconazole and we have shown that the epigenetic switch cell replacement therapy. Purpose: e goal albicans and Host Transduction Pathways solutions with sterile milli-Q water served pathway of stem cell di erentiation involving of this research is to generate human DTB- Name: Chris Patuwo as positive and vehicle controls respectively. H3K27me3 and EZH2 is active within the speci c neuroectodermal cells and follow Faculty Advisor: Ramiro Murata e MIC was determined after 24 hours. e incisor stem cell niche. Further research must their di erentiation into region restricted candida cell suspensions were plated on agar be conducted to nd the “o ” switch of this neural crest cells using a human WNT8B Background: Oral candidiasis is the most and incubated overnight at 37°C. Colony pathway and the molecular signals secreted by enhancer identi ed in our lab. Methods: common fungal infection in humans and the NVB to initiate stem cell di erentiation. Using immuno uoroscopy for GFP and has shown increased resistance to traditional USC Student Research Group (SRG) 57 forming units were counted after 24 hours. is the only drug that disrupts bio lm. Once cementation protocols. Based on these Growth of colonies indicated that geraniol mixed with the adhesive, it most e ectively observations, we suggest the development was fungistatic at that concentration. No disrupts bio lm at the 150mM. of new and thorough cementation protocols growth indicated that geraniol was fungicidal to disrupt and eliminate bio lms before the at that concentration, which is the minimum Poster #: 118 cementation of de nitive restorations. fungicidal concentration (MFC). Cytotoxicity Title: MicroCT Analysis of Mouse Models assays were performed on broblasts treated in Mandible & Maxilla Development Poster #: 121 with geraniol at concentrations 5-20mM. Name: Stefan Vila Title: Unusual Cyst Like Lesion in a Toxicity was evaluated using uorometric Faculty Advisor: Yang Chai Teenager Treated Using Antibiotics quanti cation of cellular viability. Results: Name: Moshe Eizdi Geraniol inhibits C. albicans growth and Background: Mutant mouse models can be Faculty Advisor: Parish Sedghizadeh an MIC was established between 8mM used to mimic human facial malformations and 11mM. e MFC was determined to such as cleft palate. ese models contribute Undergraduate DDS Background: In the clinical management be 17mM. At the concentrations tested, to the understanding of the regulatory of periapical radiolucencies, it is di cult to geraniol was not toxic to oral broblasts. mechanisms of facial bone development with ascertain whether there is active infection, a Conclusion: Geraniol has an inhibitory the hope of developing therapeutic methods student - Clinical bone cavity or cyst, or just acute in ammation. and fungicidal e ect on C. albicans growth. in order to prevent and rescue congenital eoretically, de nitive diagnosis could ere is no toxicity of geraniol at the tested birth defects. Purpose: To analyze abnormal sciences only be achieved by surgical access to the concentrations. development of the mandible and maxilla bony site with biopsy and culture. However, using quantitative methods in order to surgery is not always possible clinically, Poster #: 117 further investigate the role of Tgfb and Msx1 Poster #: 120 especially when the radiolucency is di used Title: E ects of Adhesive Incorporated in craniofacial morphogenesis. Methods: Title: Bio lms in Restorative Dentistry over several teeth. is is the rst time a with Antibacterial Agents against S. mutans ree wild type and mutant (Tgfbr2 / ;Wnt1- Name: Daniel Chee case report shows healing of a large cyst-like Bio lm Cre & Msx1-/-) mice for each genotype Faculty Advisor: Alireza Moshaverinia periapical lesion without local intervention. Name: Nichole Tomblin were generated at three di erent ages is case report serves as a useful baseline Faculty Advisor: Ramiro Murata (E16.5;E18.5;P0), imaged using microCT Background: One of the main contributing for future treatments of periapical lesions. (Scanco V1.28) with a resolution of 10 µm factors to the progression of dental caries Purpose: To assess and treat large cyst-like Background: Dental caries is the most and reconstructed in 3D using Avizo 7.0 and periodontal diseases is the formation and periapical lesions via a non-interventional prevalent oral infectious disease in the world. It software. Mandibles and maxillae were labeled presence of dental bacterial bio lms. During systemic antibiotic therapy rather than is usually treated by removal and replacement on each scan and volumetric comparison was the preparation of indirect restorations, tooth surgical removal or invasive endodontic of infected tooth tissues with restorative carried out between wild type and mutants. structure is exposed to the oral microbiota, therapy. Methods: A 12-year old boy presents materials, including adhesively bonded resin Results: We found the volumes of mutant resulting in the adsorption of salivary to the clinic with a chief complaint of pain composites. Most restorations fail within 5-7 Tgfbr2 / ;Wnt1-Cre mandibles and maxillae biopolymers that form the pellicle. During in the left anterior maxilla upon mastication. years due to development of secondary caries. are signi cantly reduced in comparison to restorative procedures, the initial exposure of Patient had a recent history of trauma to his By incorporating antibacterial agents into wild type mice at E16.5,E18.5 and P0. e the tooth surface to the oral environment may left maxillary incisors. A complete head and an adhesive system we hope to increase the volumes of mutant Msx1-/- mandibles are range from a few minutes to a few hours. is, neck, intraoral and radiographic examination resistance of composite restorations against reduced at E16.5 but not at E18.5 or P0. e together with leakage under the restorations, reveals tender swelling of the buccal gingiva secondary caries and enhance the durability volumes of Msx1-/- maxillae are signi cantly may allow the development of the bio lm in the, and a radiolucency (cyst-like) around of such restorations. Drugs investigated reduced in comparison to wild type mice at to a level where it could either result in teeth #9 and #10. Periodontal probing, vitality include epigallocatechin gallate, myricetin, E16.5 but relatively unchanged at E18.5 and cementation failure or recurrent caries under testing, percussion and palpation tests were and tt-farnesol. eir minimal inhibitory P0. Conclusion: Our data indicates that these the de nitive restoration. Purpose: is completed. An incision and drainage was concentrations (MIC) and minimal models can be used to study the development clinical report describes the structure and performed in the area of the buccal swelling. bactericidal concentration (MBC) will be of facial bone malformations. Further studies characteristics of the bio lm formed under a Antibiotic was prescribed (amoxicillin 250 investigated, followed by being incorporated are needed to understand the mechanisms cemented restoration, con rming the need to mg three times a day every eight hours) for into scotchbond adhesive. Purpose: To underlying the facial bone malformations in develop new cementation protocols to disrupt a two-week course. Patient presents for a evaluate the antimicrobial activity of natural these models. and minimize the formation of bio lm before re-evaluation during a one, six and a twelve compounds against Streptococcus mutans and cementing de nitive restorations. Methods: weeks follow-up. Results: Using a scheduled further evaluate its success of disrupting the A second right mandibular molar was chosen antibiotics regimen we signi cantly reduced Poster #: 119 bio lm once incorporated with universal to investigate the structure and characteristics patient’s pain in the above area. More Title: Antifungal Activity of Pinocimbrin adhesive system. Methods: e e ects of of the bio lm under a cemented restoration. importantly patient’s swelling was gone with against Candida albicans epigallocatechin gallate, myricetin and tt- After months of permanent cementation, no further pain on percussion or palpation. In Name: Keane Young farnesol on S. mutans UA159, their minimal the tooth was extracted and evaluated addition, the periapical cyst like radiolucency Faculty Advisor: Ramiro Murata inhibitory concentration - MIC and minimal with confocal laser scanning and scanning around teeth #9 and #10 was resolved bactericidal concentration - MBC were electron microscopy. Fluorescence in situ with evidence of radiographic bone ll. Background: Oral candidiasis is an determined. 100x, 500x and 1000x MIC hybridization (FISH) was used for the Conclusion: Non-invasive antibiotic therapy opportunistic infection that often presents of the drugs were mixed with scotchbond identi cation of bio lm bacteria. CLSM alone was successful in healing large bone as a complication to existing conditions. adhesive. Scotchbond adhesive served as analysis was utelized to con rm the presence cyst-like in this teenager. By using a local e infection is conventionally managed negative control. e adhesive was light of bacteria at the occlusal interface. Moreover, regimen of Amoxicilin, we were able to avoid with antifungals such as nystatin and cured onto polymerized composite discs and SEM was used to identify the morphology of any future surgeries such as periapical surgery, uconazole; however, there is a recent placed in brain-heart infusion (BHI) broth bacteria in the bio lm. Results: Fluorescence which may damage adjacent tooth structure containing 1% sucrose for 5 days with S. increase in candidiasis that is resistant to in situ hybridization technique con rmed and even possibly devitalize neighboring these current drugs. Flavonoids are natural mutans incubated at 37°C in 5% CO2. BHI bio lm growth in the interface between the tooth structure. As long as we know, this is media was changed daily. Bio lms (n=12) products commonly found in plants that restoration and the tooth structure. e results the rst time a case report shows healing of a were harvested on Day 3 and Day 5. Samples have shown to have biological activity against of CLSM analysis with immuno uorescence large cyst-like periapical lesion without local were diluted and plated for colony-forming Candida albicans. Purpose: e objective of staining also con rmed the presence of intervention. unit (CFU) to determine bio lm viability. this in vitro study was to test the antifungal bio lm at the occlusal interface between the Bio lm samples were also collected and activity of the avonoid Pinocimbrin against tooth and the restoration. e results of SEM Poster #: 122 C. albicans. Methods: C. albicans (ATCC: prepared for insoluble (ASP/IPS) and soluble 3 analysis agreed with CLSM and showed the Title: Comfort of Senior Dental Students glucans analysis. Results: In MIC and MBC 90028) at 2.5 x 10 cells/ml was cultured in o presence of a bio lm layer at the interface with Pediatric Dentistry Upon Graduation. investigation, myricertin and epigallocatechin RPMI-medium at 37 C in 5% CO2 for 24 between the tooth and the cemented crown. Name: Nora Ghodousi gallate did not demonstrate signi cant hours (n=9) according to NCLLS guidelines. SEM images con rmed the presence of 2 Faculty Advisor: Julie Jenks antimicrobial activity. For tt-farnesol, showed e minimal inhibitory concentration - MIC distinct strata within the bio lm: the inner in vitro antibacterial activity, at 150µM. of Pinocimbrin were determined by testing layer, which is the calci ed part of the bio lm Background: A written survey was After tt-farnesol was incorporated into the a range from diluting 0.5 µM – 500 µM). and the outer layer, which is less calci ed administered to senior dental students when Scotchbond to be tested for e ectiveness Fluconazole (3 µM) and solutions with 1% and is the growing part of the bio lm. SEM signed out of pediatric dentistry. Survey against S. mutans bio lm. Initial trials have DMSO served as positive and vehicle controls analysis showed the presence of bacteria results are being utilized to improve the shown that both 150µM and 75mM both respectively. e MIC was determined after with coccus-like morphological structure undergraduate pediatric dentistry training. show bio lms have been reduced to 76%, 24h. Results: Pinocimbrin showed inhibition inside the bio lm layer. Conclusion: e Purpose: e purpose of this study is to while 150mM has shown bio lms being against C. albicans growth and an MIC presence of bio lm at di erent areas of the determine the comfort level of senior dental reduced to 2% as compared to control groups. was established between 100 µM-150 µM. teeth may help to explain why restorations students with pediatric dentistry upon Conclusion: Among the drugs, tt-farnesol Conclusion: Pinocimbrin shows inhibitory fail either due to recurrent decay or failure of graduation. e survey seeks information e ects on fungal growth. cementation, as the bio lms can contaminate of pediatric dentistry training including 58 dental examinations, treatment planning, Poster #: 124 done outside United States. Few studies studies. However, there is scarcity of evidence dental prophylaxis, and operative treatment. Title: Dental Related Incidents at the examining the prevalence and correlates of for the anti-in ammatory e ect of vitamin Methods: Comparison groups include Male Emergency Department at USC (2011- dental anxiety have been conducted in the D from clinical studies in humans. Also the vs female; Mobile clinic vs non-Mobile clinic 2013) States; o those that have been conducted, range serum concentration of vitamin D involved students, students applying for Name: Ankit Keshav, Omar Kholaki they were done in the 1900’s. To understand [25(OH)D]exhibiting anti-in ammatory advanced education in pediatric dentistry vs Faculty Advisor: Ramon Roges the construct of dental anxiety better, the e ects in human is still obscure. Few studies students not applying for advanced education study aimed to determine whether dental have suggested the bene cial role of Viit in Pediatric Dentistry, Pediatric Study Background: Sports dentistry at USC is anxiety was associated with dental treatment D for periodontal disease due to anti- Club vs non-Pediatric Study club involved the health interface used not only in the types (Diagnostic and Preventive, Restorative in ammatory e ect. Marginal gingivitis students, Pediatric selective vs non-Pediatric treatment and prevention of traumatic oral/ and Rehabilitative, and Surgical), along with could be a useful model to evaluate the selective students, and students involved in facial injuries, but is also the preventive dental answering the limitations of earlier studies. anti-in ammatory e ect of Vit D. e community service vs students not involved in health care interface for the treatment of oral is study aimed to test the hypothesis that association of Vit D with gingivitis has not community service are analyzed. Results: e disease and health. Purpose: e purpose of dental anxiety is more prevalent among yet been investigated in pregnant females. response rate for the survey is 92%. Students this retrospective study was to investigate the patients who have received a higher number e purpose of this study is to evaluate the participating in Community Health Center relative dental and oral maxillofacial trauma of surgical procedures than in patients anti-in ammatory e ect of Vit D in pregnant rotations, Pediatric selective, Pediatric Study incident rates for athletes in the various receiving other types of procedures. Purpose: females by modeling the association between Club, and AYUDA feel more comfortable scholarship sports at USC that have sustain Primary Aim:To examine the association serum concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin providing initial dental exams and treatment dental related trauma and dental emergency between dental treatment type with dental D and gingival in ammation. Purpose: planning. Pediatric selective and students needs. Methods: Retrospective non-identi ed anxiety among those who received treatment To nd the association between serum involved in Pediatric Study Club feel more patient data for USC student athletics sports at Temple University Dental School adjusting concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D comfortable providing dental prophylaxis and dentistry patients was collected from 2011 for covariates. Secondary Aim: To examine and gingival in ammation in a cohort uoride treatments. Students that volunteer in to the 2013. Total patient visits for trauma, whether Oral Health Related Quality of of pregnant women. Hypothesis: ere the USC Pediatric Clinic, Pediatric selective, emergency dentistry were obtained to de ne a Life and Blood-Injury-Injection Phobia is a positive Association between serum Pediatric Study Club, and AYUDA feel more relationship of sports trauma injury or dental moderates the relationship between dental concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D comfortable performing operative dental emergency without trauma for the various treatment type and dental anxiety. Methods: and gingival in ammation in a cohort of procedures. Conclusion: Students involved sports at USC. Results: e basketball sports A cross-sectional study using existing clinical pregnant women. Methods: A longitudinal in Pediatric Study Club, Pediatric selective dentistry trauma treatment rate was highest data of individuals aged between 18-75 years study of a cohort of women from a RCT AYUDA, and Community Health rotations for all sports evaluated with 35 incidents old (N=98), who visited the Temple University of vitamin D supplementation during feel more comfortable treating Pediatric for 31 athletes for the two year period. e Kornberg School of Dentistry (TUKSoD) pregnancy. Descriptive statistics generated patients. Students noted Mobile Clinic football trauma rate was less with 50 trauma for treatment during the year 2011-2012 was for gingival in ammation by 25(OH)D rotation and the Junior USC Pediatric Clinic incidents for 114 athletes. However, the conducted. Patients were recruited through status. Bivariate analysis conducted at both rotation as helpful experiences in their overall severity of football related incidents appeared the ongoing ow of patients, including the person and tooth site levels. Multivariable undergraduate pediatric dentistry training. higher with diagnosed concussion, TMJ new patients through axiUm, the electronic regression models were developed for gingival is information will aid in administering injury, and orofacial lacerations. e baseball scheduling program, referral from area in ammation at the site level using 25(OH) future undergraduate Pediatric Dentistry dental trauma incident rate was 5 incidents dental professionals, community research D as the explanatory factor after controlling training. for 35 athletes and included maxillary and advertisements. A random-digit-dialing for other potentially important factors. ese fracture, laceration and dental avulsion, and method was used to contact the participants. other potential predictors included age and Poster #: 123 dental fracture. Conclusion: Calculation Eligible participants were uent in spoken dental cleaning during pregnancy. For these Title: Dissolution of Endodontic Files via and oversight of trauma incident rates in and written English, interested in dental potential predictors, bivariate associations Novel Electrochemical Process: Systematic conjunction with injury severity information treatment and provided written informed with gingival in ammation at visit 2 and Review provides administrative information to both consent for the study. Temple’s Institutional visit 10 were assessed using simple regression Name: Rajan Gupta the coaching and training sta s for athlete Review Board reviewed and approved the for prevalence (% of women with gingival supervision. Trusted dental professionals study. Results: Half of the sample were in ammation) and Spearman correlations Background: Retrieval of broken les have play an important role in the competitive African-American (50%, N= 49), 54 %( for counts data (%sites BOP) at the person always been a challenge. Current techniques athletic environment, providing important N=53) were female. e prevalence of high, levels (not site level). ose variables that present some limitations related to canal protective devices and treatment as required medium and low level of dental anxiety was were signi cant as alpha=0.05 were used morphology, reduction of root strength, and requested. 21% (N=21), 49% (N=48), and 30% (N=29) in stepwise selection multivariable models, and operator ability. Purpose: Our aim respectively. A signi cant association between and the nal model included variables that is to review a new concept of retrieval of dental anxiety and the diagnostic and were jointly signi cant at alpha = 0.05, fractured instruments from root canals based preventive treatment was observed (F= 3.241, plus 25(OH)D. Generalized estimating on an electrochemical process. Methods: p=.043). Increasing age (OR= 1.057; p=.043), equation models (GEE) were used for binary e novel concept of retrieval of fractured poor Oral Health Related Quality of Life outcomes (y/no), and negative binomial GEE instruments by an electrochemical process (OHRQoL) (OR= 1.063; p=.035), and fear to models for count outcome(% site BOP) All is based on dissolution of metal alloy in Blood-Injection-Injury (B-I-I) (OR=1.165, statistical tests were conducted using SAS aqueous environments, and it requires the p=0.01) were signi cantly associated with 9.1 for Windows with p values below 0.05 existence of 2 electrodes and an electrolyte. high anxiety. Conclusion: Findings from this considered as statistically signi cant. Results: e electrolyte might have a composition that study indicate that diagnostic and preventive e study depicts : a.) clinically signi cant varies according to the metal to be dissolved; treatment type is associated with low anxiety. inverse relationship between 25OHD and it is essential that the metal has susceptibility Gender, Low income, Age, OHRQoL and gingival in ammation b.) clinically and for dissolution in it. erefore, once the B-I-I phobia in uence the level of anxiety statistically signi cant higher concentrations introduced cathode an inert metal, the transfer Poster #: 125 among adult dental patients. Dental anxiety of 25OHD in whites compared to blacks of electrons from the broken metal le to be Title: Dental Anxiety and Dental Treatment is a signi cant determinant of regular c.) clinically and statistically signi cant dissolved to the cathode tends to occur which among Adults in Dental School dental visits. is ndings could further our positive relationship between 25OHD and increases if potential di erence is applied. In- Name: Yagnik Patel understanding of individuals presenting with age d.) levels around 67nmol/ml could be the vitro Studies were performed to determine symptoms of anxiety during a dental visit. e clinically signi cant dose of vitamin D where the cytotoxic e ects of the dissolved products Background: Dental anxiety is a state in which dental profession along with the public health optimal anti-in ammatory activity is seen. on periodontium and apical bone. Recent a person is apprehensive about an upcoming department should consider this factors in Conclusion: e result of the present study studies tried to determine dissolution using dental procedure that is experienced by planning programs to improve the access to shows that there is an inverse relationship di erent le system Results: Current studies up to 20% of the dental treatment seeking dental care services alleviating dental anxiety, between gingivitis and Vit D, after adjusting were performed using Ni-Ti les, whereas population. Dental anxiety appears as well as programs comprising of anxiety for age/race/ethnicity/sex, as an example of cyclic fatigue separation failure is more to di er by type of treatment. For example, coping training for dental professional. its anti-in ammatory e ect. is relationship common with stainless steel les. Conclusion: higher levels of anxiety have been reported is stronger at Visit 10 than at Visit 2. By is technique seems quite promising in the among patients undergoing extraction and Poster #: 126 quintile of 25(OH)D, the women in the coming future. E ciency under clinically root canal treatment procedures as compared Title: Association between Vit D and highest quintile had approximately 28% and acceptable time for a endodontic re- to other dental procedures. Periodontic and Gingival In ammation in Pregnant Women 57% lower proportion of periodontal sites treatments has been overlooked in the current endodontic patients report higher levels of Name: Vivek Singh with bleeding on probing (BOP), compared literature. ere is a need for studies focusing anxiety than patients receiving diagnostic to lowest quintile at Visit 2 and Visit 10 on alteration in the diameter of the broken or prophylactic treatment, periodontal Background: 1,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D3 respectively. Further analyses are ongoing. les in order to engage the smallest le for treatment has been identi ed as the most was shown to inhibit antigen induced T cell Higher serum 25(OH)D concentration may faster removal. Nevertheless, further in-vitro anxiety provoking procedure followed by root proliferation and cytokine production. ere reduce the gingival in ammation in pregnant and in-vivo studies are necessary to develop canal, extraction and orthodontic procedures. has been evidence of the bene cial role of Vit women. and improvise this novel technique. Mostly, these population-based studies were D for various autoimmune disease in animal USC Student Research Group (SRG) 59 regrowth, with a dense enamel-restoration CA).Values of ρ < 0.05 were considered for surgeons, and complete restoration interface improving the e ectiveness and signi cant. Results: Results showed that is rarely achievable. Purpose: First, our durability of restorations. Purpose: To the treatment with EEM, chloroform and study focuses on describing the murine examine the stability and e cacy of CS- aqueous fractions were e ectively controlling soft palate morphology, the orientations AMEL hydrogel for biomimetic repair cytokines and regulating some key genes and attachments of all 4 muscles and of human enamel with erosive or caries- related to the in ammation process. IL-6 and comparing them with the human anatomy. like lesions in a pH-cycling system, and IL-8 were genes under expressed comparing en we highlight the development of to explore its potential for the prevention, to the vehicle control and signi cantly soft palate muscles in mice, in relation to restoration, and treatment of defective less expressed less releasing of cytokines the surrounding mesenchyme, tendons, enamel. Methods: Tooth slices were etched in Elisa array (p<0.05). Conclusion: ese nerves, and vasculature. Methods: We with 30% phosphoric acid for 30 seconds to data suggest the anti-in ammatory activity performed dissections, histochemistry and produce erosive lesions and were placed in of EEM and fractions and the putative immunohistochemistry on mouse embryos, demineralization solution (pH 4.6 at 37°C) pathway may involve the downregulation newborns and adults and recreated a 3D for 3 days to produce white spot lesions. of chemokine receptor; however, more model of the murine soft palate. Results: Other e samples were subjected to pH cycling studies are needed to further elucidate the First, we found that the morphology, by placing the samples in demineralization mechanism of action. orientation and attachment of the mouse soft solution for 5 hours followed by palate is very similar to human, validating the Poster #: 127 remineralization solution (pH 7) for 18 hours Poster #: 130 use of the murine model for future studies. Title: Novel Extraction Socket Devices for for 7 days at 37°C. Twenty µl of CS-AMEL Title: Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity en our data suggests that the Tensor Ridge Preservation hydrogel was applied on the lesion surface of Curcumin on Candida albicans Veli Palatini (TVP) and Palatoglossus Name: Neema Bakhshalian before and after demineralization periods. Name: Emily Chen (PLG), but not the Levator Veli Palatini Faculty Advisor: Homa Zadeh e newly-grown crystals were characterized Faculty Advisor: Ramiro Murata (LVP) or Palatopharyngeus (PLP), express by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray di erentiation markers (Myosin Heavy Background: Tooth extraction initiates a di raction. Results: After pH cycling, a Background: Candida albicans is an Chain) before fusion of the palatal shelves. cascade of events resulting in ridge atrophy. synthetic layer of oriented apatite crystals opportunistic human fungal pathogen Moreover, the di erentiation of the LVP Ridge preservation (RP) strategies have was formed on enamel surfaces treated with that has presented increased antimicrobial and PLP occurs from the middle portions been utilized to reduce the magnitude CS-AMEL hydrogel in both the erosion and resistance, emphasizing the need for a new to the lateral portions, suggesting that a pool of remodeling. To address some of the caries models. On the erosive lesion surfaces, and more e ective treatment. Secreted of undi erentiated myoblasts is required challenges in RP, pre-formed devices the newly-grown crystals had a needle-like aspartyl proteinase (SAP) and phospholipase in the middle of the LVP and PLP during have been developed to seal extraction shape and were arranged parallel to each B (PLB) are key virulence factors that fusion. Innervation was detected in the oral sockets, named SocketKAP and to provide other. e depth of the caries lesion was contribute to the pathogenicity of C. albicans, side of the soft palate and in the TVP and support to sockets with dehiscence, named signi cantly decreased from ~ 100 µm to and could be essential to the discovery of PLG before fusion. Conclusion: Taken SocketKAGE. Purpose: To evaluate ~ 50 µm following treatment with the CS- new treatments. Natural polyphenols, like together, our results give a comprehensive the e cacy of the pre-formed devices, AMEL hydrogel in a pH-cycling system. curcumin, can be an attractive solution view of the development and morphology of SocketKap and SocketKAGE, in addressing Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that because of their various pharmacological the murine soft palate, setting the stage for the challenges in RP by sealing the extraction the CS-AMEL hydrogel is stable in an acidic activities including antioxidant, anti- further molecular analyses. We are currently sockets and providing support to sockets with environment and is e ective in restoring in ammatory, antiviral, and antibacterial investigating how cleft palate a ects the dehiscence. Methods: Fifty-nine sockets were erosive and carious lesions. activities. Purpose: e objective of this formation of the soft palate muscles using divided into following groups: A) untreated project is to determine the antimicrobial di erent mutant mouse models. control, B) closed with SocketKAP, C) Poster #: 129 activity of curcumin on C. albicans. Methods: lled with anorganic bovine bone (ABBM) Title: Malva sylvestris Activity in e antimicrobial activity of curcumin Poster #: 132 and closed with SocketKAP, D) untreated Cells Infected by Aggregatibacter (1.5625-400µM) was tested in vitro against Title: FaceBase 2.0: A Resource for the dehiscence control, E) dehiscence treated actinomycetemcomitans C. albicans (ATCC: SC5314/MYA2876, Craniofacial Research Community with ABBM, SocketKAGE and SocketKAP. Name: Bruna Benso 5x103 to 2.5x103 CFU/mL grown in RPMI Name: ach-Vu Ho
Pre-operative CBCTs were obtained Faculty Advisor: Ramiro Murata 1640 at 37 °C in 5% CO2) to determine the Faculty Advisor: Yang Chai followed by digital-subtraction of the test minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). teeth and then merged with pre-operative Background: e current treatment It was compared to the vehicle control (1% Background: e Facebase consortium scanned cast images, allowing measurements of in ammatory disease is focused on DMSO), and positive control (Fluconazole). consists of 11 interlinked projects selected of volumetric ridge contour following tooth controlling cytokine and adhesion molecule Cytotoxicity assays were performed on by the National Institute of Dental and extraction. Results: All the groups showed expression. Natural products have been broblast cells (ATCC: CRL2014, 1x105 Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) to signi cant reduction of ridge contour and played an important role in the development cell/mL grown in DMEM/10% FBS at 37 generate genetics and imaging data on
alveolar bone especially in the crestal 3mm of new drugs. Purpose: e objective of °C in 5% CO2) treated with 1.5-640 µM craniofacial development. Craniofacial with over 90% contour reduction in the this study is to investigate Malva sylvestris curcumin. Cell viability and morphological abnormalities account for half of all control group. SocketKAP alone signi cantly extract and fractions activity in a coculture characteristics were observed by uorometric congenital malformations. e etiology reduced the amount of contour reduction in model of cells infected by Aggregatibacter method and microscope. e SAP and PLB of orofacial clefts, the most common the crestal 3mm by 22% while SocketKAP actinomycetencomitans DS7-1. Methods: activity after treatment at 10x and 20x MIC craniofacial abnormalities, remains unknown plus ABBM signi cantly reduced the Malva sylvestris extract (EEM) was obtained was observed. Results: e MIC of curcumin for many patients and the phenotypes amount of alveolar bone and ridge contour by exhaustive maceration and liquid-liquid on C. albicans was 12.5 µM. e percentage vary considerably. Purpose: To generate reduction by 45 and 34%, respectively. In sites partition was conducted to obtain the of viable broblast cells decreased as genetically engineered animal models with dehiscence, the treatment signi cantly fractions. All samples were monitored by concentration of curcumin was increased. e for understanding cellular mechanisms reduced the alveolar bone and ridge contour high performance liquid chromatography treatment decreased the activity of virulence underlying the etiology and pathogenesis reduction in the crestal 3mm by 34 and (HPLC). An antimicrobial e ect of the factors SAP-1 and PLB-1. Conclusion: of craniofacial abnormalities in humans. We 18%, respectively. Conclusion: SocketKAP EEM and fractions was investigate using a Curcumin exhibits therapeutic potential are interested in investigating the functional without grafting reduced remodeling of the transwell inserts and toxicity was evaluated through its inhibition of fungal growth and genomics, analyzing cell lineages and crestal 3mm of ridge contour while ABBM using uorometric quanti cation of cellular virulence factors, and its nontoxic qualities. performing dynamic imaging of mandible plus SocketKAP reduced loss of the crestal viability. A. actinomicetemcomitans (1 x 106 and maxilla development. Methods: Wnt1- 6mm of ridge contour for intact sockets. CFU/mL) was inoculated on Day 2 and the Poster #: 131 Cre;Tgfbr2 / , Wnt1-Cre;Alk5 / , Msx1-/-, and ABBM+SocketKAGE+SocketKAP reduced medium with the microorganism was added Title: Soft Palate Development in Mouse: A litter mate control mice were generated at atrophy of the crestal 3mm of alveolar bone to the insert, passing through the upper layer Comprehensive Study di erent embryonic stages, E13.5 to E.18.5, for sockets with dehiscence. of cells (OBA-9) and reaching the bottom Name: Alexandre Grimaldi and post-natal P0. All mutant strains were cell layer (HGF-1). 75 µg/mL of EEM and Faculty Advisor: Yang Chai maintained in a C57BL/6J background. Poster #: 128 fractions was added and incubated at 37oC Results: We generated 65 micro-CT Title: Amelogenin-Chitosan Hydrogel for for 24 hours. After 24h supernatant was Background: Cleft palate is one of the scans of mutants and littermate controls. Enamel Regrowth: An In Vitro pH-Cycling collected and 12 in ammatory cytokines were most common birth defects, and over the Microarray and gene expression analyses are Study determined by ELISA assays (Multi-Analyte last decades tremendous e orts have been currently being performed for each of the Name: Ruha Bapat ELISArray - Qiagen). Gene expression of made towards understanding hard palate genotyped strains to allow the craniofacial Faculty Advisor: Janet Oldak in ammatory response in Quantitative Real- development. However, little is known about research community access to comprehensive Time PCR was performed (RT² Pro ler soft palate muscle morphogenesis and tissue- physical, molecular, and genetic data Background: We recently reported that PCR Arrays; In ammatory Cytokines & tissue interactions guiding it. Appropriate analysis. Conclusion: e goal of FaceBase amelogenin-chitosan (CS-AMEL) hydrogel Receptors). All statistical analysis were surgical repair to restore physiological Consortium is to develop a resource for promotes in vitro biomimetic enamel performed using GraphPad Prism version functions of the soft palate in patients the craniofacial research community, with a 5.00 (GraphPad Software, San Diego, with cleft palate is a current challenge focus on mid-face development and orofacial 60 clefts. e availability of a wide variety of premaxilla: 1) collapse lateral segments, 2) as a population and determined the optimal a treatment plan model for hypodontia is data from di erent craniofacial models graft alveolar bone at the reduced cleft site, carrying capacity of the culture conditions. needed for both growing and non-growing via the Facebase Consortium allows the and 3) restore archform by surgically assisted We then passaged cells under permissive patients. Purpose: To provide a decision craniofacial research community to study rapid palatal expansion (SARPE). e goal and constrained conditions and tracked the making tree for hypodontia treatment the development of the mid-face region of approximating lateral segments is to create morphology, karyotype, di erentiation- options. Methods: Using patients from the and the molecular mechanisms underlying adequate soft tissue for a surgical ap which potential and ensuing DNA damage/repair. craniofacial team at Children’s Hospital Los craniofacial abnormalities. facilitates not only the closure of oral antral We also estimated plating e ciencies and Angeles, this project describes a case series stulae, but also the subsequent bone graft. growth rates of enzymatically passaged cells. that illustrates the decision making tree and Poster #: 133 Methods: Two patients with a diagnosis of Results: We found that manual or enzymatic the outcomes of treatment. e rst factor Title: Di erences in Prescription BCLP who were missing the premaxilla were passaging does not induce karyotypic considered is age; the second factor is the Medications and Supplements Used in identi ed as candidates for the collapse- changes upon long term culturing. Our number of missing teeth; the third factor Geriatric Patients graft-expansion protocol. Lateral segments results indicate that enzymatic passaging is vertical dimension; the fourth factor is Name: in Sandar Khine were collapsed using power chains across improves re-plating e ciency and allows functional occlusion and the fth factor is Faculty Advisor: Reyes Enciso maxillary canines, reducing alveolar cleft exponential growth of PSC’s. Conclusion: anatomy of supporting tissue. Results: Factor size. Iliac crest bone graft was performed Since human PSC’s are not contact inhibited 1: Treatment is age-speci c as growing Background: Eighty percent of people 65 to ll the cleft. Occlusal radiographs were but matrix associated, the rapid growth of the patients require a temporary solution such years of age and older have one or more taken at least 3 months following graft. population results in nutritional deprivation as a retainer or lingual arch with teeth when chronic medical conditions. Drug therapy When bony continuity was established, and space constraints. us, inducing rst the jaw dimensions can change whereas adult is often key to their medical management. the collapsed arch form was re-established di erentiation, then epigenomic variation patients need a permanent solution that Greater consumption of prescription and using archwire or SARPE. Results: In both and nally genomic instability. could include implants, crowns, bridges and over-the-counter medications in this patients, constricting lateral segments prior partial dentures. Hybrid solutions include population puts them at higher risk for to bone grafting eliminated the need for Poster #: 136 Maryland bridges using microdonts for medication-related problems. Purpose: additional soft and hard tissues and allowed Title: Attitudes, Behaviors, and Needs of support and torque control, acrylic temporary To understand di erences in number of the employment of a graft procedure similar Team Dentists bridges built over a metal framework. Factor medications and supplements taken by to that of conventional autogenous bone Name: Lesley McGovern 2 and 4 : e number of missing teeth is patients by age and gender. Methods: Over grafts. As in other bone graft procedures Faculty Advisor: Ann Eshenaur Spolarich balanced against the need for a functional 300 charts of older adults were reviewed for performed on patients with cleft lip and occlusion and esthetics as some teeth may not demographics (age, gender). All medications palate, a potential complication of the Background: Elite athletes strive to attain need to be replaced if there is no functional and supplements were charted and the most novel collapse-graft-expansion protocol superior levels of health and tness; or esthetic gain. Factor 3: e loss of vertical common of those were calculated for each is the introduction of scarring that may however, many have high levels of oral dimension may require more crown height age category and gender. Results: Among interfere with maxillary growth. Subsequent disease. Dental pain and dysfunction could and a surgical, prosthodontic or orthodontic 388 patients (58.2% females), the ve most orthognathic surgery may correct part or all alter level of performance during practice treatment plan. Factor 5: e fth factor common medications in the 65-74 years of the de ciency. Patients who underwent and competition. Many dentists work with evaluates the alveolar ridge and soft tissue old and the 75-84 were anti-hypertensives, the collapse-graft-expansion protocol will sports organizations, but knowledge about to determine whether surgery is needed to cardiovascular drugs, anti-cholesterol, pain be followed to monitor long-term outcomes their scope of practice and needs were restore and replace hard or soft tissue as a relief and gastrointestinal agents; in the 85+ and any other complications. Conclusion: unknown. Purpose: e purpose of this method for replacing missing dimensions the most common were anti-hypertensives, Collapsing lateral segments to facilitate study was to gather baseline data about to the tissue. Conclusion: Multidisciplinary cardiovascular, pain relief, anti-Alzheimer’s bone grafting followed by expansion may practice behaviors, attitudes, and needs of approaches involving orthodontics, oral and anti-cholesterol medications. e ve serve as a new model for restoring large cleft team dentists, and to identify if/ how often surgery, periodontics and prosthodontics are most common supplements were Vitamins defects. is method may be a viable option oral screenings were conducted on athletes, needed to provide an array of solutions for (n=157), Minerals (n=84), Fish oil (n=22), for surgical teams in remote areas without and barriers to implementing regular oral the growing and non-growing craniofacial Potassium supplements (n=21) and Ferrous orthodontic support. screening programs. Methods: An online patient with hypodontia. sulfate (n=15). e median number of survey was developed and pilot-tested, and medications increased with age from 4.0 Poster #: 135 IRB approval obtained. Dentist members of Poster #: 138 (65-74yo), to 5.0 (75-84), to 6.0 (85+). Title: Culture Constraints Induce the Academy for Sports Dentistry (n=491) Title: AMOR in the Reconstruction of Females were taking signi cantly more Epigenomic and Genomic Instability in were invited to participate. Data collected Alveolar Ridge Defects prescribed medications than males (5.0 vs. Pluripotent Stem Cells included league a liation, services provided, Name: Seiko Min 4.0; p=.002). Conclusion: e ve most Name: Annie Lynch and type of oral screenings performed. Faculty Advisor: Homa Zadeh common medications were very similar in Faculty Advisor: Ruchi Bajpai Dentists’ attitudes regarding athletes’ all age ranges, except in the 85+ years old treatment and preventive needs, practice Background: Surgical reconstruction of large where anti-Alzheimer’s medications were Background: Human pluripotent stem cells behaviors, and self-identi ed needs were mandibular defects remains a challenge for part of the ve most common. e two (hPSCs) are vital to biomedical research assessed. Descriptive statistics were used clinicians. Techniques using autogenous most prevalent prescription medications and regenerative medicine. Long term to analyze data. Results: Results revealed grafts have been considered as the gold in all patients were anti-hypertensives and propagation and exponential ampli cation 79.5% (n=116) of team dentists had a league standard. However, these procedures have cardiovascular drugs. of undi erentiated and kartyotypically a liation. e most frequently provided several disadvantages such as donor site normal hPSCs is imperative to successful services were emergency treatment and morbidity and limited availability. e Poster #: 134 manipulation of these cells and for their mouthguards (95.5%), restorative treatment application of recombinant human bone Title: Collapsing Maxillary Segments use in future cell replacement therapies. (78.5%), oral hygiene instruction (63%), morphogenetic protein (rhBMP)-2 in oral Before Grafting in Patients with Missing However, discrepancies arise on passaging or and prophylaxis (61%). Of the 80% (n=90) and maxillofacial surgery has been proposed Premaxilla stable proliferation of hPSCs and have been of dentists who perform oral screenings, as an alternative to autogenous bone Name: Min Kyeong Lee attributed to methods of passaging. While 41% (n=36) screen all athletes prior to harvesting. Despite the promising prospect, Faculty Advisor: Stephen Yen enzymatic passaging allows e cient scaling the season with individualized follow-up there are a number of disadvantages with up over manual dissection of individual examinations. e most commonly cited the application of BMPs, including (i) the Background: In some patients with bilateral colonies, recent research has indicated that barrier to screenings was lack of awareness requirement for super-physiologic doses (ii) cleft lip and palate (BCLP), the premaxilla enzymatic passaging may be responsible of the importance of oral health. Conclusion: inability to sustain local levels of growth may be congenitally absent or surgically for chromosome instability. In contrast, Although the majority of team dentists do factor, (iii) lower e cacy of recombinant removed at an early age. When lateral others have described a similar enzymatic perform oral screenings, a lack of awareness protein and (iv) high cost. A novel tissue segments are expanded, a void that extends technique as a ‘golden method ‘for stem cell about oral health importance supports the engineering strategy has been developed from canine to canine can be created. Since ampli cation. is study aims to determine need for improved educational strategies. in our laboratory to take advantage of the large clefts require greater amount of bone, the underlying cause of the reported speci city and diversity of monoclonal vascular supply, and soft tissue, alveolar bone genomic instability in enzymatically Poster #: 137 antibodies (mAbs). A chimeric anti-BMP-2 grafting following expansion is challenging. passaged pluripotent stem cells. Purpose: Title: Treatment-plan Model for mAb has been generated and immobilized Past attempts to restore the missing In 1800’s, omas Malthius, in his studies Hypodontia in Craniofacial Patients on a sca old to capture endogenous BMPs, premaxilla using cortical and cancellous of population dynamics suggested that if Name: Prarthit Mehta inducing osteogenic di erentiation of bone had limited success. Free bula grafting population expansion did not go hand in Faculty Advisor: Stephen Yen mesenchymal stem cells and accelerate o ered an alternative treatment option, with hand with expansion of food and space bone regeneration. is process has been the disadvantage of donor site morbidity. A resources, limiting resource conditions Background: Congenital Hypodontia referred to as Antibody Mediated Osseous third option which eliminates the surgical result in a population crash, where only occurs in 77% patients with cleft lip and Regeneration (AMOR). e advantages of challenge of bone grafting is placement of a a few survive. is idea was extended by palate, 50% with cleft palate, 33.3 % with AMOR include: (i) endogenous BMP-2 is dental prosthesis between mobile, ungrafted Darwin suggesting constrains induce genetic Treacher Collins syndrome and 27% captured by antibodies (ii) the temporal and lateral segments. Purpose: In this study, variations. We are testing the idea that with hemifacial microsomia. Given a spatial process of osteogenesis is orchestrated we present a novel alternative approach to culture constrains induce genomic instability much higher prevalence of hypodontia in by expression of endogenous BMP-2 and restore archform in patients with missing in PSC’s. Methods: We have treated PSC’s craniofacial than non-craniofacial patients, USC Student Research Group (SRG) 61 (iii) increased bioavailability and half- shrunken hippocampus is one of the pathology Poster #: 141 Poster #: 143 life of captured BMP-2. In recent studies hallmarks in Alzheimer’s disease. Purpose: is Title: Assessing Success of Restorations Title: Dosage Dependent Role of CHD7 conducted by our research group, we have research will be useful for stem cell replacement Provided via a Mobile Dental Clinic During Neural Crest Di erentiation investigated the ability of speci c anti- therapy for patients with a deteriorated Name: Meha Patel Name: Kaivalya Shevade BMP-2 antibodies to mediate AMOR in hippocampus and it will provide a tissue culture Faculty Advisor: Santosh Sundaresan Faculty Advisor: Ruchi Bajpai vivo, using the rat calvarial defect model. model for generating hippocampal cells in vitro Purpose: e aims of the present study so all diseases a ecting the hippocampus can Background: Mobile dental clinics (MDC) Background: CHARGE is a multiple were to: 1) Examine the e cacy of AMOR be easily studied. Methods: We developed a are often used to provide access to children malformation disorder which involves defects in conjunction with two novel devices, technique to generate and distinguish cells with living in rural or underserved areas, as in neural crest derived tissues. It has been namely socket cap used for obturation an activated WNT8B enhancer. We established well as migrant communities. ere is no shown that mutations of the chromodomain of socket ori ce and socket cage, used a stable human embryonic stem cell (ESC) line available published research on the longevity helicase DNA-binding protein gene CHD7 for provision of space in sites with facial with a Wnt8b enhancer-GFP marker using of restorations provided by mobile dental (a chromatin remodeler) are a major cause for dehiscence for ridge preservation and lentivirus mediated transgenesis. en the clinics with students as main providers CHARGE syndrome. A lot of phenotypic augmentation procedures following tooth ESCs were di erentiated toward neurulation, under the supervision of Faculty. Purpose: variation has been observed in CHARGE extraction. Methods: Six young adult which produces progenitor cells of the central To assess success of restorations provided in patients with CHD7 mutations. CHD7 male Macaca fasicularis monkeys were nervous system. In this di erentiation a MDC. Methods: Dental charts (n= 3,086) was shown to be necessary for neural crest used for dehiscence defect models. First environment the ESC become many cell types, of patients seen over a six year interval were formation. e phenotypic variation observed premolar was extracted in each monkey and the WNT8B enhancer is only activated in reviewed and searched for repeat visits. A in CHARGE could be attributed to defects in followed by the removal of the facial plates a subset that will become hippocampal. Cells total of 113 patients attended the MDC fate choices that these neural crest cells make using a surgical bur to create dehiscence with an activated WNT8B enhancer can be twice during this time period and existing during development. ese fate choices could defects. Experimental group received inturn be controlled by a chromatin remodeller identi ed and isolated from the rest. Results: restorations were assessed. Results: e chimeric anti-BMP-2 mAb immbolized such as CHD7. Purpose: To identify whether An enhancer of the human WNT8B gene is mean age of the patients was 9.9±3.04 years on absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) with phenotypic variation seen in CHARGE activated in embryonic neural tube cells that (range 4-18). Overall, 99.1% were Hispanic or without socket cap and socket cage. e syndrome dependent on CHD7 dose. will di erentiate into hippocampus tissue later and 0.1% Caucasian. From 1st visit to 2nd control group was treated similarly, where Methods: We used human embryonic stem cell in development. is enhancer can be used as visit, our data shows a signi cant decrease instead of speci c mAb, isotype-matched di erentiation to model human neural crest a marker to generate a homogenous population in deciduous decay (ds) (mean and SD = control mAb was used. Animals underwent development in a dish. We perturbed CHD7 of pre-hippocampal cells. Conclusion: Pre- 3.2±5.2 vs. 0.9±2.3, p<.001) and permanent serial cone beam computed tomography gene expression by inducible knockdown hippocampal tissue will provide a model for decay (DS) (5.9±5.9 vs. 3.2±4.4, p<.001), as (CBCT) at 6 and 12 weeks for linear studying pathology of Alzheimer’s disease in using lentivirally expressed shRNA. measurement of bone width and height well as an increase in permanent llings (FS) Immuno uorescence stainings were performed a dish and provide methods for engineering (1.5±3.0 vs. 5.1±5.4, p<.001). e success at di erent point as well as bone volume hippocampus cells for stem cell replacement to reveal di erent cellular states during at di erent level. Histologic observations rate (at a mean interval between visits of 14 migration from neuroectodermal spheres in therapy. months) for restorations in the primary and and histomorphometric analysis were culture. Results: During human neural crest also performed. Results: Quantitative and permanent dentition was 82.8% and 84.6%, di erentiation rst delamination takes place Poster #: 140 respectively, comparable to prior published qualitative assessment in all studies revealed Title: MicroCT and Signaling Analysis Reveal followed by mesenchymal transition. We signi cantly increased bone volume and data of 84.4% success in primary dentition found that CHD7; a chromatin remodeller, Regulatory Mechanisms of Craniofacial with dental students as providers (Bucher greater remaining alveolar bone width and Development is essential for this two step di erentiation height within sites implanted with socket 2014) and 86.6% success in permanent of neural crest. Downregulation of CHD7 Name: Shery Park dentition in a private practice (Rasines cage, anti-BMP-2 mAb and protected Faculty Advisor: Yang Chai delays delamination and migration of neural with socket cap, compared with control Alcaraz 2014). Reasons for failure included crest. We also elucidate that di erent levels of sites. Hitomorphometric analysis showed secondary caries, fracture, and restoration CHD7 knockdown result in di erent cellular Background: Growth factor signaling signi cant greater in bone formation within loss. Conclusion: MDC’s can be e ective identities (neural vs mesenchymal) during regulates tissue-tissue interactions to control the dehiscence defect site than control site. in providing successful restorative care in di erentiation, thereby shedding light on the organogenesis and tissue homeostasis. Histology observation also revealed active the eld to children and adolescents at rates dosage dependent role of CHD7 during neural Speci cally, transforming growth factor beta bone formation within dehiscence defect similar to that seen in other dental student crest di erentiation. Conclusion: Neural and (TGFβ) signaling plays a crucial role in the area in experimental group. Conclusion: clinics and private practices. mesenchymal fate choices are dependent of the development of cranial neural crest (CNC) cell– e results of the various craniofacial defect levels of CHD7during di erentiation. us the derived bone, and loss of Tgfbr2 in CNC cells models have demonstrated the e cacy of a Poster #: 142 variation observed in CHARGE due to defects results in craniofacial skeletal malformations. novel tissue engineering approach utilizing Title: E ect of Arti cial Saliva on in the neural and mesenchymal di erentiation Our recent studies indicate that non-canonical ant-BMP-2 mAb in conjunction with Transcriptome of Pro-in ammatory could also be due to varying levels of CHD7. TGFβ signaling is activated whereas canonical speci c devices designed to maintain the Cytokines/Chemokynes TGFβ signaling is compromised in the absence alveolar contour and protect graft material. / Name: Maria Marquezin Poster #: 144 of Tgfbr2 (in Tgfbr2 ;Wnt1-Cre mice). Faculty Advisor: Ramiro Murata Title: PRMT5 Promotes Epithelial- A haploinsu ciency of Tgfbr1 (aka Alk5) mesenchymal Transition in Oral Cancer Cells (Tgfbr2 / ;Wnt1-Cre;Alk5 / + ) largely rescues Background: Arti cial saliva (AS) is a solution Name: Juan Xia craniofacial deformities in Tgfbr2 mutant Faculty Advisor: Jian Xu mice by reducing ectopic non-canonical TGFβ that contains substances that moisten a dry mouth, thus mimicking the role of saliva in signaling. However, the relative contributions Background: Protein arginine methyltransferase of canonical and non-canonical TGFβ lubricating the oral cavity and controlling the existing normal oral microbiota. Purpose: 5 (PRMT5) has been implicated in various signaling in regulating speci c craniofacial cancers. Its high expression has been related bone formation remain unclear. Purpose: To e aim of this study was to determine if components of commercially available to cell proliferation, so many labs propose to de ne new anatomical landmarks, perform knocking down PRMT5 as an approach to comprehensive morphometric analysis, and arti cial saliva are responsible for the proin ammatory response in normal adult reduce cell proliferation. Purpose: We tried to analyze 3D microCT images Methods: We determine whether the roles are the same for human oral broblasts (HGF1) as a model in generated 10 µm resolution microCT images PRMT5 in cancer proliferation and metastasis. Poster #: 139 / vitro. Methods: 3% concentration of human of E18.5 Tgfbr2 ;Wnt1-Cre (R2 CKO), Methods: Westernblot and RNAi methods Title: WNT8B Enhancer Activation / / + saliva was used as negative control and the Tgfbr2 ;Wnt1-Cre;Alk5 (R2 CKO;R1+/-), were used to examine the protein changes of Marks Hippocampal Precursor Cells same concentration was used for AS group and control mice. Images were reconstructed EMT marker. Results: Our results showed that Name: Jennifer Oki for 24 hours of exposition. To determine in 3D using Avizo 7.0 software for Results: TGF-β could induce oral cancer cell EMT. Faculty Advisor: Ruchi Bajpai the e ects of AS on gene expression, a We compared the size and volume of When oral cancer cell line SCC25 was treated qRT-PCR array analysis were performed. CNC–derived craniofacial bones (frontal with TGF-β, the epithelial marker Claudin-1 Background: Enhancers are regions of the bone, premaxilla, maxilla, palatine bone, and Gene expression was determined by Qiagen decreased signi cantly and the mesenchymal genome where protein complexes assemble; / mandible) from E18.5 control, Tgfbr2 ;Wnt1- software. Results: e expression of C3, marker vimentin and N-cadherin increased they provide the on-o switch for gene / /+ Cre, and Tgfbr2 ;Wnt1-Cre;Alk5 mice. By CCL19, CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL3, CXCL5, signi cantly. Knocking down PRMT5 expression. Tissue speci c control is analyzing 3D microCT images, we found that CXCL6 (Regulation of In ammatory promoted TGF-β-induced epithelial- critical for embryogenesis because timing di erent craniofacial bones were restored to Response), CCL5 (Chronic In ammatory mesenchymal transition (EMT) in oral cancer and localization of gene expression is / / + di erent degrees in Tgfbr2 ;Wnt1-Cre;Alk5 Response), NFKB1 (Humoral Immune cell line SCC25, as indicated by the expedited paramount in development when cells mice. Conclusion: Our study provides Response), IL6, IL8 (Proin ammatory decrease of epithelial marker Claudin-1 protein need to frequently change characteristics. comprehensive information on anatomical Interleukins) and IL6R, IL1RN (Acute- and increase of mesenchymal marker vimentin is research studies an enhancer activated landmarks and the size and volume of each Phase Response) were downregulated by and N-cadherin protein. Conclusion: Here in precursor hippocampal cells. e craniofacial bone, as well as insights into the AS treatments. Conclusion: Our ndings we highlighted the importance of PRMT5 hippocampus is the region of the brain extent that canonical and non-canonical TGFβ demonstrate that the exposure of HGF1 to expression in the process of epithelial- associated with memory and learning. A signaling cascades contribute to the formation AS modulate the in ammatory response of mesenchymal transition, which might be of each CNC–derived bone. these cells when compared to human saliva. related to oral cancer metastasis. 62 StudenT Research Group | SRG The Explorer, Vol. 7 2014 - 2015
President / Editor-in-Chief Secretary Stephanie Ting Ti any Lee Eugenia Chan Kristine Hong Student Research Involvement Faculty Advisor Director Yang Chai, DDS, Ph.D Emil Simanian Parish Sedghizadeh, DDS, MS Shant Aharonian Senior Editor Treasurer Bridget Samuels, Ph.D Omar Kholaki Ali Salehpour Vice President Photographer Soo Lee John Oganesyan
Faculty Advisor (top right): Parish Sedghizadeh Front Row (left to right): Katie Schwartz, Paulina Nguyen, Kristine Hong, Soo Lee, Stephanie Ting, Eugenia Chan, Hoang- Anh Tran, Rasha Dubuni, Payal Patel, Jonathan Nguyen. Back Row (left to right): Shant Aharonian, Ali Salehpour, Omar Kholaki, Brent Roberts, Matthias Fallis, Ti any Lee, Evan Nahigian, Emil Simanian. Not Pictured: Yagnik Patel, Catherine Tan, Christopher Patuwo, Robbie Berger.
All views are of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the student body at the Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC nor of the editors of the Explorer Journal, unless such statements have been o cially adopted by the University. e Explorer Journal editoral board reserves the right to reduce, revise or reject any material submitted for publication. Articles and photos published in the Explorer Journal are the property of the Explorer Journal and may be reproduced or reprinted only after written permission has been granted. e editors and founder reserve the right to accept, reject, discontinue or edit any article, letter, or abstract submitted for publication.
e Explorer Journal is published annually by members of the student body of the Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC. USC Student Research Group (SRG) 63 YangYang Chai,Chai, Co-Chair Co-Chair ParishParish Sedghizadeh,Sedghizadeh, Co-Chair Co-Chair DonnaDonna Castillo Castillo JaimeJaime GonzalezGonzalez DeniseDenise Cortex Cortez JenniferJennifer Bandich Bandich PattyPatty GutierrezGutierrez JulieJulie Chen Chen BarbaraBarbara Roddy Roddy KelleyKelley Randle Randle StephanieStephanie Ting Ting EugeniaEugenia Chan Chan Thach-VuThach-Vu HoHo
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ach-Vu Ho ach-Vu Ho
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