R.C.I. – M. E. N. . Direction Générale des écoles Méthodiste . Cours Secondaire Méthodiste . R.C.I. – M. E. N.

C.E. ANGLAIS Niveau : Tle A DATE : Durée : 3 H 5 LANGUE VIVANTE : ANGLAIS

Cette épreuve comporte quatre (04) pages numérotées 1/4, 2/4, 3/4, 4/4.

PART ONE: READING 30% Read the text bellow carefully and do all the activities that follow it.

THE LAW OF THE JUNGLE In as well as in other slums across , the government simply does not exist. There is no police or fire department, no high school, and few social services. What passes for law is a kind of jungle rule enforced by bands of drug 10 traffickers, most in their teens and 20s, who patrol the streets heavily armed with Uzis, 5 AK-47s, and even hand grenades. This is terrorism of a different kind. On gang orders, local shops are told when to open and close. Shootings erupt three to four days a week. “We live in a war zone,” says a middle-aged man who declined to give his name. Last week, the entire city was 15 shut down for a day by the gangs. Intimidated shopkeepers closed their businesses, 10 hotel guests stayed in their rooms. Within Rio, some 1, 2 million people – some 20 per cent of the city’s population – live in 764 , as the slums are called. They stand as a sad reminder that despite Brazil’s progress – the nations now boasts the world’s eighth-largest economy – it remains a 20 developing nation with striking disparities in wealth. With no jobs and few prospects, 15 children of the favelas pour into the gangs. A report this year by British anthropologist Luke Dowd concluded that some 6,000 young people aged from 10 to 18 serve as “soldiers” in Rio’s drug militias. Young men in the city are five times as likely to die from small-arms fire as those in New York or Washington, D.C. 25 The violence spilling from the favelas now affects Rio’s drivers, who at night routinely 20 run red lights, fearful of muggers who prey on idling cars. Police and prosecutors, meanwhile, are widely seen as corrupt and ineffectual. One anticorruption campaign ad, shown on TV, depicted rats eating away the Brazilian flag. Since losing one of their own, Brazil’s aggressive news media is helping to make an 30 issue of the long-neglected favelas popular. Last June, journalist Tim Lopes secretly got 25 into a near Maré, hoping to use a hidden camera to document sexual assaults by the local gang. Discovered by gang members, he was taken away at gunpoint and sentenced to death by a kangaroo court. The gangsters sliced off his head with a samurai sword. Last week, the gangs apparently struck again: They stand accused of 35 the murder of a publisher in central Brazil. Shocked journalists have written stories and 30 organised demonstrations, calling for investigations of the drug lords and the police, they say, to protect them. Adapted from U.S. News & World Report, October 14, 2002.

1/4 A. VOCABULARY CHECK The words in column A are from the text. Match each of them with its equivalent in column B like in this example. Example: 1 – j (slums = poor parts of a city, ghettoes)

COLUMN A COLUMN B 1- slums (L.1) a- cut 2- kind (L.6) b- showed 3- declined (L.8) c- aggressors, bandits 4- reminder(L.12) d- killing 5- disparities (L.14) e- problem 6- muggers (L.20) f- protest actions 7- depicted( L.22) g- souvenir 8- issue (L.24) h- sort, type 9- sliced off (L.27) i- differences 10- murder (L.29) j- poor parts of a city, ghettoes 11- demonstrations (L.30) k- refused

B. COMPREHENSION CHECK The statements below are about the text. Decide whether they are true or false. Write (T) for true, (F) for false and justify your answers by giving the line(s) of the text like in this example. Example: 1– F (L.1-2)

1- All government security forces exist in Rio de Janeiro. 2- The government laws in the slums are enforced by bands. 3- Fortunately, criminality can’t affect economic activities. 4- The word “favelas” refers to the slum-dwellers. 5- Favelas are reminders of economic progress. 6- Unemployment is a great problem in the slums. 7- There are 6,000 young drug addicts in Rio de Janeiro. 8- The violence is being more and more limited to Rio de Janeiro. 9- The image of rats eating away the Brazilian flag represents corruption in the country. 10- Tim Lopes was a journalist. 11- A publisher was recently killed by the gangs.

PART TWO: LANGUAGE IN USE 30%

TASK 1: Select the best option in each case and write it on your answer sheet like in this example. Example: 1 – alive

2/4 1- In Rio, 60,000 street kids beg to stay (…….…). (a) alive (b) to living (c) living (d) to live

2- Their lives are miserable with little hope of (…….…) an educational training. (a) to get (b) getting (c) got (d) for getting

3- Each day, these children pick through the waste of the city’s market looking (…….…) scraps to eat or bring back to their families. (a) about (b) after (c) for (d) forward

4- “Idleness (…….…) the root of all evils,” the saying goes. (a) are (b) isn’t (c) has (d) is

5- Therefore, at the Hawkers’ Market in Rio, some children are (…….…) new skills and escaping this fate. (a) learnt (b) learned (c) to learn (d) leaning

6- Hawkers’ Market centre is training the children in activities that will allow them to earn a (…….…) in various fields. (a) the living (b) alive (c) living (d) lives

7- These activities range (…….…) trade, computing to dressmaking and filmmaking. (a) of (b) from (c) that (d) in

8- In 2005 filmmaker Carlos Cortes (…….…) many workshops to train street children to be actors in films. (a) launched (b) launches (c) has launched (d) was launched

9- But when he saw (…….…) positively they reacted, he had another idea. (a) why (b) how (c) that (d) so

10- “Why (…….…) train them to make films?” He wondered. (a) doesn’t (b) don’t (c) not (d) about

11- Today, many street children work side (…….…) side to make films. Some are already actors in many novella serials. (a) by (b) to (c) on (d) of

TASK 2: The passage below is about police and military brutality. But some words are missing in it. Select from the word list the appropriate missing word for each gap. Write your answers like in the example. Example: 1- superior

Police – happened – harassment – only – fear – superior –afraid – actually - intimidate – dramatically – nothing.

During the time my husband was in detention, the South African soldiers used to break into my house. I went to the …..1….. officer at the military centre in Oshakati. But

3/4 after my visit, all that ….2…. was that more soldiers came to …3…. me. They do not like us to report these things. It is a waste of time to go to them with complaints. It ….4….. makes matters worse. Since 1979, incidents of sexual ….5….. and rape of young women by South African soldiers have increased ….6…… If people report these things to the ….7…. or the military they have to live the ….8… of being murdered. Quite a number of people have ….9….. been killed by unknown persons, …10… is done about it and the people are …11… to speak out.

PART THREE: WRITING 40%

Your Liberian penfriend would like to have more information about the type of juvenile delinquency in your country known as the phenomenon of “microbes”. Write him/her a letter of 20 lines to inform him/her. In your letter, you should: 1- say who these young delinquents are, 2- indicate how they operate, 3- suggest what must be done to eradicate this phenomenon of “microbes”.

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