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Independent Country Programme Evaluation Turkey 2011 – 2015

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Independent Country Programme Evaluation Turkey 2011 – 2015 EVALUATION REPORT INDEPENDENT COUNTRY PROGRAMME EVALUATION TURKEY 2011 – 2015 Evaluation Office New York October 2014 EVALUATION TEAM UNFPA EVALUATION OFFICE Evaluation Manager and Co-Team Leader:Hicham Daoudi Internal Reviewer: Alexandra Chambel Research Assistant: Olivia Roberts INDEPENDENT EXPERTS: Co-team Leader and Reproductive Health Expert:Sheila Reed Population and Development Expert:Hülya Günaydin Gender Equality Expert: Ayse Ayata Country Programme Evaluation: Turkey The analysis and recommendations of this report do not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations Population Fund, its Executive Board or the United Nations Member States. This is an independent publication by the Evaluation Office. Cover photos provided by the Evaluation Office. Copyright © UNFPA 2014 all rights reserved. Design and Printing: Upwelling, Iva Stastny Brosig FOREWORD The independent Evaluation Office is pleased to present the evaluation of the UNFPA 5th country programme of assistance to the Government of Turkey for the period 2011-2015. The evaluation is an independent assessment of the relevance, the performance, and the strategic positioning of UNFPA support in a context of rapid change. The evaluation draws lessons from past and current cooperation and provides a set of strategic and actionable recommendations to inform the next programming cycle. The evaluation found that the UNFPA 5th country programme for Turkey was highly adapted to national needs in terms of reproductive health, gender equality and population and development. In the area of reproductive health and rights, UNFPA supported interventions have contributed to improved access and utilization of maternal health and family planning services, including for Syrian refugees. In the area of population and development, UNFPA has contributed to an increased availability of demographic and socio-economic data, and to raising the capacity of national stakeholders. In the area of gender equality, UNFPA has successfully expanded the stakeholder base for the fight against gender-based violence. UNFPA demonstrates significant added value to all of its partners, and is considered a main source of expertise with regard to reproductive health and rights, population and development and gender equality. The evaluation notes that UNFPA actively contributes to the coordination of the United Nations system in Turkey. In a context of the protracted crisis in Syria, the UNFPA country programme has been increasingly aimed at addressing the needs of Syrian refugees, particularly in terms of reproductive health and rights and fight against gender-based violence. Overall, the evaluation found that UNFPA had been able to effectively adapt its programme to needs emerging from the crisis. However, the report confirms lessons previously learned from the independent evaluation of the UNFPA 3rd country programme in Lebanon (2013) with regard to the need to better identify and reach the most vulnerable groups. The evaluation highlights the crucial importance of improved coordination of the United Nations country team in the design, and implementation of an effective collective humanitarian response, in particular to meet the needs of the most vulnerable groups in light of a rapidly changing context and increasing funding requirements. Looking ahead to the 6th country programme, UNFPA should focus more strategically on identifying, prioritizing and targeting the most vulnerable, marginalized and high risk people and groups. This should be underpinned by the integration of the programmatic areas, increased advocacy efforts and effective mainstreaming of gender and youth. In view of the pressing reproductive health and gender equality needs of those affected by the Syrian crisis, UNFPA should expand its humanitarian team and work, preferably jointly with other UN agencies, to raise additional resources in order to ensure that capacity and services address emerging critical needs. I hope that this evaluation will be helpful in highlighting the UNFPA contribution to the development results of Turkey, and that, in particular, it provides useful lessons for consideration in the preparation of the 6th UNFPA country programme, and for the response to the Syrian crisis. Andrea Cook Director, Evaluation Office i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The independent Evaluation Office of UNFPA would like to thank all who contributed to this evaluation. The evaluation team managed and led by Hicham Daoudi, evaluation adviser at the Evaluation Office, and Sheila Reed, expert on reproductive health and rights, consisted of Hülya Günaydin, expert on population and development and Ayse Ayata, gender expert. The evaluation team was supported throughout the evaluation process by Evaluation Office staff: Olivia Roberts, research assistant, and Alexandra Chambel, internal reviewer. We would like to thank the staff of the UNFPA country office in Turkey, led by its Representative, Zahidul Huque, for their openness and collaboration, especially in assisting the evaluation team during the field phase. We would like to express special thanks to all the stakeholders and beneficiaries who were consulted during the evaluation, giving freely of their time and opinions. This report would not have been possible without the guidance and support of the evaluation reference group; particular thanks therefore go to: Mr. Murat Altinsoy, population expert, General Directorate on Social Sectors and Coordination, Ministry of Development; Ms. Deniz Çakmak, Head of Department, Turkish Public Health Institution, Ministry of Health; Ms. Zeynep Göknil Şanal, Head of Department, General Directorate on Women’s Status, Ministry of Family and Social Policies; Ms. Ayşe Akin, public health Professor, Baskent University; Ms. Zeynep Şimşek, Professor and Head of Public Health Department, Harran University; Mr. Sinan Türkyilmaz, Vice-President of Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies (HIPS); Mr. Ahmet Ayaz Yilmaz, Y-Peer national Focal Point in Charge. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword . i Acknowledgements. ii Key facts: Turkey. xi EXECUTIVE SUMMARY . xii 1 INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1 Purpose and objectives of the country programme evaluation. 1 1.2 Scope of the evaluation. 1 2 METHODOLOGY . 2 2.1 Evaluation process. 2 2.2 Evaluation questions . .3 2.3 Methods and tools used for data collection and analysis. .4 2.4 Limitations and constraints. 7 3 CONTEXT OF THE UNFPA TURKEY 5th COUNTRY PROGRAMME . 8 3.1 Political, economic and social context. 8 3.2 Situation with regard to reproductive health and rights. 9 3.3 Situation with regard to population and development . 10 3.4 Situation with regard to gender equality. 12 3.5 Situation with regard to development and humanitarian assistance. .14 3.6 The 5th country programme in Turkey . .15 3.7 The financial structure of the programme . 22 4 FINDINGS (RESPONSES TO EVALUATION QUESTIONS) . 24 4.1 Relevance. .24 4.2 Effectiveness and sustainability in the reproductive health and rights programmatic area. 38 4.3 Effectiveness and sustainability in the population and development programmatic .area . 50 4.4 Effectiveness and sustainability in the gender equality programmatic area. .59 4.5 Efficiency . .72 4.6 Coordination within the United Nations Country Team. 77 4.7 Added value of UNFPA country programme . 81 5 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS . 85 5.1 Strategic level. 85 5.2 Programmatic level. 90 iii LIST OF TABLES Table 1 Correspondence between Evaluation Questions and Criteria. .3 Table 2 Interviews and Focus Group Discussions. 6 Table 3 Evaluation Limitations and Mitigation Measures. .7 Table 4 Official Development Assistance by UN agencies to Turkey (2011-2013). .14 Table 5 Demographics, Reproductive Health and GBV: Status of Seasonal Migrant Agricultural Workers (SMAW) in Sanliurfa and Adiyaman compared to Turkey averages . .25 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 UNFPA interventions in Turkey visited during the field mission. .ix Figure 2 Evaluation Phases . .2 Figure 3 Population Pyramid in 2013. .11 Figure 4 Prevalence of Physical Violence (2009). .13 Figure 5 Logical Diagram of Effects . .21 Figure 6 Overview of Budget and Disbursements 2011-2014. 22 Figure 7 2013 Country Programme Budget. 22 Figure 8 Comparison of Country Programme Budget Areas 2011-2014. .23 ANNEXES The volume containing the annexes is available on the UNFPA webpage for the Evaluation Office. www.unfpa.org/evaluation Annex 1 Terms of Reference Annex 2 Evaluation Reference Group Members Annex 3 Bibliography Annex 4 Persons Interviewed Annex 5 Atlas Table of Budget and Disbursements Annex 6 Evaluation Matrix Annex 7 Stakeholder Matrix Annex 8 Minutes of the Evaluation Reference Group Meetings Annex 9 Interview Guides iv ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS AFAD Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency ASRO Arab States Regional Office (UNFPA) AWP Annual Work Plan CEDAW Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination CO Country Office CP Country Programme CPAP Country Programme Action Plan CPR Contraceptive Prevalence Rate CSO Civil Society Organization CVF Community Volunteers Foundation DRC Danish Refugee Council EECARO Eastern Europe and Central Asia Regional Office (UNFPA) EU European Union FAO Food and Agriculture Organization FGD Focus Group Discussion GBV Gender-Based Violence GDCS General Directorate of Child Services GDP Gross Domestic Product GDSF General Directorate for Security Forces GDSW General Directorate of the Status of Women GE Gender Equality GII Gender Inequality Index HA Humanitarian Assistance HDI Human Development Index HIV/AIDS
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