Israeli Violations Against in the Annual Report - 2011 - Statistical Report -

إعداد

LRC

Human Rights Department Land Research Center Arab Studies Society /

2012

Jamal Talab Amleh Supervision

Contributors Yaqoub Odah Hiba Al Wohosh Inas Asa’ad Rajeh Talhami Raed Muqadi A’laa Sumayrah

Translation Amro Owaineh

Design Mohammed AlAmleh

Preface The Palestinian catastrophe (Nakba) is commemorated every year; in 2011, the Palestinian Scene has become more brutal, and veins have been fueled with rage… The Israeli Occupation Authorities and colonial groups increased the rate of its colonial activities including land grab – putting in mind that land is the core of the conflict – attacks against the Palestinian people by murdering some, demolishing houses, com- pulsory evictions, attacks on the Palestinian trees and fields, and attacks on the and worshipping places; not even cattle were spared from the Israeli brutality… In a year when Palestinian (leadership) refused negotiations with the Israeli occupiers unless they stop all kinds of colonial activi- ties and dismantle and evacuate all colonists from the Palestinian lands occupied in 1967.

Nevertheless, the Israeli Government, led by the Netanyahu – Liberman coalition insisted on putting more facts on the ground while brushing aside ALL the international laws, agreements, and conventions and turning the Oslo Accord Agreement into a tool to extort Palestinians and implement what serves the Israeli purposes. Thus, over 60 % of the areas classified “C” according to Oslo are pr- catically under Israeli control ; and now, a new plan to deploy a railway network penetrating the West Bank has been put on the table. This has turned the life of Palestinians into a living hell, rendering it more-or-less similar to the life of a prisoner in Ufar penitentiary. The just Palestinian cause was made clear to the whole world when representatives of most countries of the world stood applaud- ing for the speech of the Palestinian president in the Headquarters in September, 2011 and giving a state-status in the UNESCO. The Palestinians need unlimited and unconditional political and financial support while countries of the free world are ought to boycott and condemn the most brutal occupation to force it to give up its arrogance and comply with the International law; know- ing that, even if did so, it will still be occupying 78 % of the lands of historical Palestine. But, is it too late for the world to act?

The Land Research Center – LRC, while documenting these violations, pray for the almighty that this file will be closed once and for all.

Jamal Talab AlAmlah General Director Jerusalem on February 29, 2012

Content

The Land Research Center – an overview III Methodology III

Chapter 1: Israeli violations of the right to residence 1.1 Demolitions of Palestinian structures – deportation policy 3 1.2 Demolition Threats 8 1.3 Raids on Palestinian residences 11 1.4 Aggressions and House Seizures 11

Chapter 2: Israeli violations against natural resources 2.1 Attacks on Palestinian lands, trees, and environment 15 2.1.1 Land confiscations 15 2.1.2 Land leveling and destruction 17 2.1.3 Attacks on Palestinian trees 19 2.2 Draining Palestinian Water 22 2.2.1 Demolishing cisterns, pools, and springs 22 2.2.2 Demolition threats for cisterns, pools, and springs 24

Chapter 3: Colonists’ attacks on Palestinians and their properties 3.1 Summary of Colonists’ attacks on Palestinians and their Properties 27 3.2 Types of colonists’ attacks 27 3.3 Attacks on Palestinian citizens 28 I 3.4 Attacks on Palestinian vehicles 28

Chapter 4: Siege and Blockades 4.1 Further movement restrictions 33 4.2 Checkpoints status 34

Chapter 5: Israeli violations against religious sites 5.1 Israeli violations against religious sites 49 5.2 Assaulting 77 mosques since 1967 50 5.3 Mosques subjected to attacks in 2011 52

Chapter 6: Colonial expansion and the Israeli annexation & expansion wall 6.1 Israeli colonies consuming Palestinian lands 57 6.2 Expansions of colonies – 2011 58 6.3 Israeli Colonial Plans – 2011 60 6.4 Israeli colonies subject to expansion bids – 2011 65 6.5 The Israeli Annexation and Expansion Wall (segregation wall) 65

Summary and Recommendations 69

The Land Research Center – an overview LRC was established in 1986 as a branch of the Arab Studies Society; it is a nongovernmental, non-profit organization which aims to consolidating sustainable development in Palestine through encouraging economic independence by urging people to have more control over their natural resources, improving their scientific and technical abilities, introducing more effective methods of natural resources management, and introducing up-to-date technologies. LRC’s activities cover all the West Bank, including Jerusalem, and the . It has branches in , , and . LRC is an active member of the Palestinian Civil Society; it also promotes for cooperation between local NGOs, international organizations, and the public sector. LRC is specialized in conducting land and water related researches and studies; consequently, it provides other governmental and nongovernmental organizations with important data needed to develop strategies related to critical issues, the likes of land, colonization, and water.

The Human Rights Program It is viewed as one of the most imperative programs implemented on the national level. The program aims to monitoring the Israeli violations of Palestinians rights, gathering detailed and precise information in this regard and make the information available to the people of the world in order to gain more support for the Palestinian cause. The Center has also offered Palestinian families advisory opinions and recommendations in regard to confiscations, demolitions, and demolition threats; it has also adopted several cases where it provided financial, logistical, and legal support to victims. III LRC operates in cooperation with a large number of local and international organizations in order to support the Palestinians’ right to adequate housing, guaranteed by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

Methodology Information gathering is done in accordance with the International coalition for the right of property and residence: a specialized team of field observers follow Israeli violations up. Information on ongoing violations is usually obtained from news agencies, victims’ calls, interviews, and field visits. Information is then classified and distributed to field observers based on location. The field observers conduct visits to the attacked sites, record testimonies, take pictures, and let the victims fill special survey to obtain as much information as possible about the aggression. The gathered information is used to produce case studies, news feeds, and monthly and quarterly reports. All of the reported aggressions are recorded electronically on the LRC’s central database. It is worthy to mention that produced reports include pictures and maps and/or aerial photographs designed by the GIS unit at LRC in order to provide visual aid needed to better understand the extent of the aggression.

In the end, these reports are published on LRC’s webpage www.lrcj.org and the program’s special website which is developed and maintained in cooperation with the Applied Research Institute – Jerusalem (ARIJ) www.poica.org in both and English as well as being often published in the form of booklets and books.

Chapter 1: Israeli violations of the right to residence

Chapter 1: Israeli violations of the right to residence 1. Preface

The right to adequate housing is right of every man, woman, boy, girl, anyone on this planet; it guarantees the availability of a proper shelter that grants the person a life in peace and dignity. Furthermore, the right to housing is a basic right and is considered the core of the basic human rights including the right to healthcare, privacy, dignity, security, education, and the right to opinion. This particular right has been taken away from the Palestinians since 1948; most of the Palestinians face day-to-day complexities due to the Israeli measures and policies including land confiscations, house and property demolitions, and forceful evictions. All is done to serve the purpose of replacing the Arab residents with Jewish ones. The Israeli official and non-official bodies have been targeting the Palestinian shelters without mercy or respect to their dignity or privacy, consequently, depriving the Palestinians from the sense of security or safety. In 2011, LRC recorded 205 house demolitions, 329 cases of demolitions of other structures, 503 demolition orders for residences and 270 for other structures, 1305 cases of raids, and 88 attacks on houses.

1.1 Demolitions of Palestinian structures Table1: Demolished Residence per Governorate – 2011: – deportation policy Area Family Governorate Residences Children The Israeli Occupation Authorities have been m2 members using every possible way to hinder Palestinian Jerusalem 44 3,062 297 183 development and expansion especially in and areas classified (C) according to Hebron 46 2,211 391 202 Oslo Interim Agreement. 1 75 10 7 Ramallah 5 280 28 20 Demolitions have increased during the 34 1,698 223 138 3 Netanyahu Regime; there was a 36 % increase in demolitions compared to 2010. In 2010, Nablus 16 1,000 100 23 140 Palestinian residences were demolished 4 280 30 17 whereas 205 were demolished in 2011; these Qalqiliya 6 440 30 18 residences sheltered a total of 1354 people 48 1,777 237 126 (740 children) who were rendered homeless; 1 120 8 6 the Governorates of Tubas, Hebron, and Jerusalem sustained most of the damage while Total 205 10,943 1,354 740 demolitions intensified in May. Source: Field Observations – Monitoring Israeli Human Rights Violations Team – LRC

Demolished residences in the West Bank in 2011 - by location 48 46 44

34

16

6 5 4 1 1

Jerusalem Hebron Bethlehem Ramallah Jericho Nablus Salfit Qalqiliya Tubas Jenin Chapter 1: Israeli violations of the right to residence Table 2: Demolitions per month Area Family Month Residences Children m2 members Demolished residences in the West Bank in 2011 - by month January 13 1,390 67 33

February 24 1,300 160 56 16 13 18 24 March 9 361 61 30 19 9 9 15 April 15 663 114 71 2 10 41 May 41 1,235 206 109 29 June 29 1,120 179 101 July 10 560 63 45 August 2 160 13 8 September 9 425 83 41 January February March April May June October 19 1,231 153 89 July August September October November December November 18 1,467 158 91 December 16 1,031 97 66

Total 205 10,943 1,354 740 House demolitions contradict with all the International conventions and Humanitarian Source: Field Observations – Monitoring Israeli Human Rights Violations Team – LRC laws including: ˆˆ Article 53 of the Geneva Fourth Convention (1949) stating: «Any destruction by the Occupying Power of real or personal property belonging individually or collectively to private persons, or to the State, or to other public authorities, or to social or cooperative organizations, is prohibited, except where such destruction is rendered absolutely necessary by military operations.»

ˆˆ Section ‹G’ of article 23 of the 1907 La Haye Conventions stating: (In addition to the prohibitions 4 provided by special Conventions, it is especially forbidden (g) To destroy or seize the enemy’s property, unless such destruction or seizure be imperatively demanded by the necessities of war;)

ˆˆ Article 17 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights stating: «Everyone has the right to own property alone as well as in association with others.

Samer Yonis residence rubble - demolished on January 11,2011 - Qalqiliya

Residential shack demolished in Yirza on February 17, 2011 - Tubas Chapter 1: Israeli violations of the right to residence

Abdul Nasser Sbeih residence ruins, demolished on April 7, 2011 - Tubas An Israeli dozer leveling Al Jbour residence in Um Nir - Yatta

5

The remains of Samer Mabrooka residence in Al Jib - Jerusalem - January, 2011

The contents of Samer Mabrooka residence scattered around the ruins - Al Jib - Jerusalem Chapter 1: Israeli violations of the right to residence Other Demolitions

Table 3: Structures (other than houses) demolished in the West Bank in 2011:

Retaining Barns, Tool Governorate Educational Mosques Commercial Others Total walls sheds, tents sheds Jerusalem 0 0 4 19 4 21 4 52 Hebron 1 1 2 17 18 1 3 43 Bethlehem 1 0 1 1 4 0 0 7 Ramallah 0 0 0 4 1 1 0 6 Jericho 0 0 0 23 0 0 0 23 Nablus 0 0 0 26 0 0 3 29 Salfit 0 0 11 18 2 1 0 32 Qalqiliya 0 0 1 3 0 4 10 18 Tubas 0 1 0 73 1 0 1 76 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Jenin 0 0 0 3 0 39 1 43

Total 2 2 19 187 30 67 22 329

Source: Field Observations – Monitoring Israeli Human Rights Violations Team – LRC

Demolished structures in the West Bank in 2011 - by location 76

6

52 43 43 32 29 23 18

7 6 0

Hebron Bethlehem Jerusalem Ramallah Jericho Nablus Salfit Qalqiliya Tubas Tulkarm Jenin

The remains of “Suzie Beauty Saloon”, demolished on January 12, 2011 - Beit Hanina - Jerusalem Chapter 1: Israeli violations of the right to residence

Demolishing of shacks and cisterns in Dahr Subuh area in Kafr ad Dik

Demolishing of shacks and cisterns in Dahr Subuh area in Kafr ad Dik - January 21, 2011

7

Demolishing a shack in Fasayel on January 20, 2011, property of Abed Rashayda Chapter 1: Israeli violations of the right to residence 1.2 Demolition Threats The Israeli Occupation Authorities has set a series of complex procedures for obtaining a construction permit in areas classified ‹C› according to Oslo Accords, depriving the Palestinians from their right to expansion, development, and growth. The Israeli policies imposed on Palestinian construction rendered obtaining a construction permit/ license a faraway dream. The Israelis prohibit any construction on both sides of bypasses, nearby Israeli colonies, and set a 200 meter buffer zone around the segregation wall knowing that construction to the west of the wall is unconditionally prohibited. Table 4: Endangered residences per location Also, the Israelis prohibited construction in Area Family huge areas which they classified as military Governorate Residences Children m2 members zones or state property. Jerusalem 9,771 134 774 458 Unlicensed construction has never been a Hebron 10,934 99 415 188 choice because Palestinians were never given Bethlehem 4,263 32 168 99 the privilege of choice. Ramallah 0 0 0 0 Jericho 2,842 64 404 224 Justified by the failure to acquire a Nablus 300 6 31 17 construction license, the Israeli Occupation Authorities issued a total of 503 demolition Salfit 2,400 53 111 62 or eviction orders for Palestinian residences, Qalqiliya 360 3 6 2 inhabited by 2463 people including 1321 Tubas 3,890 82 415 201 children, in 2011. Tulkarm 2,275 20 96 49 Jenin 1,400 10 43 21 Needless to say, a number of these residences 8 were demolished before the end of the year. Total 38,435 503 2,463 1,321 The governorates which were targeted the Source: Field Observations – Monitoring Israeli Human Rights most was Jerusalem (134 residences), Hebron Violations Team – LRC (99), and serving orders intensified in January (90) while March (63).

Threatened houses in the West Bank in 2011 - by location

134

99 82 64 53

32 20 6 10 0 3

Jerusalem Hebron Bethlehem Ramallah Jericho Nablus Salfit Qalqiliya Tubas Tulkarm Jenin Chapter 1: Israeli violations of the right to residence Table 5: Total number of endangered residences per month - 2011 Area Family Month Residences Children Threatened residences in the West Bank in 2011 - by month m2 members January 6,347 90 451 228 59 90 February 4,733 48 258 128 37 43 48 March 5,681 63 254 158 30 14 63 April 2,340 51 385 235 26 16 26 51 May 2,166 26 126 77 June 1,287 16 87 56 July 2,840 26 103 56 August 890 14 67 36 September 2,517 30 140 74 January February March April May June October 1,380 43 85 47 July August September October November December November 4,688 37 226 101 December 3,566 59 281 125

Total 38,435 503 2,463 1,321

Source: Field Observations – Monitoring Israeli Human Rights Violations Team – LRC

9

Abu Rayyan under-construction received a demolishing order on January 2, 2011 - , Hebron Chapter 1: Israeli violations of the right to residence

Salameh Abu Shkheidem residence - threatened with demolition - Hebron, the adjacent picture is a photocopy of the order

Table 6: Endangered structures (other than houses) in the West Bank in 2011 Retaining Barns, sheds, Tool Governorate Educational Mosques Commercial Others Total walls tents sheds Jerusalem 5 2 0 3 0 1 6 17 Hebron 4 2 1 17 7 1 2 34 Bethlehem 0 2 0 4 4 1 0 11 Ramallah 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Jericho 3 1 0 31 6 1 1 43 10 Nablus 0 0 0 3 4 0 1 8 Salfit 1 1 0 15 6 0 1 24 Qalqiliya 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 2 Tubas 0 0 0 70 0 0 33 103 Tulkarm 0 0 0 1 2 2 0 5 Jenin 0 0 0 0 0 23 0 23

Total 8 6 1 142 30 28 38 270

Source: Field Observations – Monitoring Israeli Human Rights Violations Team – LRC

Threatened structures in the West Bank in 2011 - by location 103

43 34 24 23 17 11 8 5 0 2

Jerusalem Hebron Bethlehem Ramallah Jericho Nablus Salfit Qalqiliya Tubas Tulkarm Jenin Chapter 1: Israeli violations of the right to residence 1.3 Raids on Palestinian residences Israeli soldiers’ raid Palestinian residences all Table 7: raids on Palestinian residences by location around the West Bank, including areas classified – 2011 (A) according to Oslo Accords on various pretexts. Governorate Raided residences These raids are usually carried out for Jerusalem 115 assassinations, searching but mostly arrests. Hebron 501 The raids, usually carried out by soldiers Bethlehem 129 accompanied by attack dogs, are terrifying Ramallah 56 especially for children which resulted in many Jericho 16 cases of involuntary urination among children Nablus 197 among other psychological illnesses. Salfit 18 In addition, assailants do not only damage Qalqiliya 80 property, insult and abuse people, but there Tubas 14 were many cases of reported thefts of property Tulkarm 21 (money, jewels, cell phones, etc.) Jenin 158 LRC recorded 1305 raids that took place all around the West Bank in 2011. Total 1305 Source: Field Observations – Monitoring Israeli Human Rights Violations Team – LRC

1.4 Aggressions and House Seizures

Israeli colonists spreading all around the West Bank continue their war against the Palestinians and 11 their property. The colonists’ aggressions are perpetrated under the watchful eyes of the Israeli soldiers who provide them with protection and probably coordination. LRC recorded numerous attacks on Palestinian residences including 88 direct attacks (impeding houses with stones, knocking down windows, damaging water tanks, etc) in addition to spraying 45 residences with sewage, raiding 8 residences, setting 16 alight, and attempted seizure of 17 others.

Samreen residence in Silwan threatened with capture by the so-called Guardian of the Absentees Properties - Jerusalem Chapter 1: Israeli violations of the right to residence

Table 8: Damage afflicted on Palestinian residences – 2011

Damaged residences Seized or Governorate Soaked with Torched or Total Stoned Raided attempted sewage destroyed seizure Jerusalem 0 0 2 5 15 22 Hebron 1 0 0 1 0 2 Bethlehem 20 2 2 4 1 29 Ramallah 2 0 2 3 0 7 Jericho 0 0 0 0 0 0 Nablus 17 0 1 3 0 21 Salfit 0 0 0 0 0 0 Qalqiliya 4 0 1 0 0 5 Tubas 1 0 0 0 1 2 Tulkarm 0 0 0 0 0 0 Jenin 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total 45 2 8 16 17 88

Source: Field Observations – Monitoring Israeli Human Rights Violations Team – LRC

Damaged residences in the West Bank in 2011 - by location 12

29

22 21

7 5 2 2 0 0 0 0

Jerusalem Hebron Bethlehem Ramallah Jericho Nablus Salfit Qalqiliya Tubas Tulkarm Jenin Chapter 2: Israeli violations against natural resources

Chapter 2: Israeli violations against natural resources 2.1 Attacks on Palestinian lands, trees, and environment 2.1.1 Land confiscations Since 1948, Israel has been carrying out various Gilo colonization and mass takeover Al Walaja plans accompanied by plans to limit Palestinian communities and hinder their development especially in areas classified

(C) which lie under full Israeli 'Ayda Camp control.

Beit Jala Arab Studies Society Land confiscations (theft) are Land Research Center justified by: Dec. 2011

GIS & Mapping Unit Bethlehem

1. State property: it was not Legend Order No. 11/8/T enough for the Israeli Annex. & Exp. Wall Battir Existing Government to lay its Planned Under Construction control over lands that were Israeli Colony Pal. Builtup Area 0 250 500 1,000 Meters · controlled by the Jordanian Al Khadr Ad Doha Government but it has also Military order T/0211/: confiscating 36 dunums of Cremsan Monastery lands - used various loopholes in Bethlehem the century-old Ottoman laws to put lands under the control of the so-called (Guardian of the Absentees Properties), a body that serves colonization. 2. Absentees properties: they are lands owned by people who were away in 1967 and were never allowed back in to Palestine or Palestinians owning lands in the Occupied City of Jerusalem but 15 cannot access them due to being holders of a (West Bank ID card); these lands are also put under the control of the (Guardian of the Absentees Properties). 3. Confiscation can also be done under many other pretexts, segregation wall, security buffer zones, state property (EPA, Antique Authority, etc.) or needed for public services (roads, schools, playgrounds, etc.) Palestinian controlled areas are shrinking with time which is a preposterous breach of their civil rights. In addition, Israel›s negligence of its commitments as an occupying power and its continuous and unlimited support of colonization clearly shows that Israel is not seeking any peaceful solution; it is trying to create a demographic imbalance and put political and geographical facts on the ground which is a violation of the people under occupation rights according to the international law (1907 La Haye and 1949 Geneva Fourth Convention). In 2011, the Israelis ordered the confiscation or eviction of 13,282 dunums, a 27 % increase. Most of these orders are issued by higher Commander of the Israeli Army, officer in charge of Article 17 of the Universal Declaration of the state properties in the West Bank, the Guardian Human Rights stating: “ 1. Everyone has of the Absentees properties, the Central Inspection the right to own property alone as well as Committee, and the Israeli Municipality in the in association with others. 2. No one shall Occupied City. be arbitrarily deprived of his property.“ Chapter 2: Israeli violations against natural resources Table 9: lands confiscated in the West Bank – 2011 Segregation Eviction Confiscation Governorate Total wall orders order Jerusalem 876 0 2282 3158 Hebron 0 253 1705 1958 Bethlehem 37 148 1500 1685 Ramallah 540 0 1000 1540 Jericho 0 25 189 214 Nablus 0 330 1000 1330 Salfit 1173 0 1812 2985 Qalqiliya 0 76 0 76 Tubas 0 0 33 33 Tulkarm 0 0 303 303 Jenin 1,400 10 43 21

Total 2,626 832 9,824 13,282

Source: Field Observations – Monitoring Israeli Human Rights Violations Team – LRC

Total areas of confiscated lands in the West Bank in 2011 - by location

3,158 2,985

1,958 1,685 1,540 16 1,330

214 303 76 33

Jerusalem Hebron Bethlehem Ramallah Jericho Nablus Salfit Qalqiliya Tubas Tulkarm

A military confiscation order designated for 20 dunums of lands - Hebron on February 7, 2011 Chapter 2: Israeli violations against natural resources

Location Map

Arab Studies Society Land Research Center

Feb. 2011

GIS & Mapping Unit

Target lands - Kharas Legend

Wall Path Targeted Land Area - B Area - C

Jenin

Tulkarm Tubas

Qalqiliya Nablus Salfit

Jericho Ramallah

Jerusalem

Bethlehem Hebron · 17 1:5,000

2.1.2 Land leveling and destruction The Israeli continuous war on Palestinian lands is taking many forms, leveling, torching, soaking in sewage, toxicating, and confiscation of equipment and irrigation networks. All these actions are damaging the biodiversity in the West Bank as well increasing desertification and reducing land cover. The international Humanitarian Law made it clear that land leveling is considered an act of mass punishment which is considered a war crime for the drastic effects it has on people›s lives. In total, 2842 dunums of agricultural fields were ravaged in 2011.

Article 53 of the Geneva Fourth Convention states: (Any destruction by the Occupying Power of real or personal property belonging individually or collectively to private persons, or to the State, or to other public authorities, or to social or cooperative organizations, is prohibited, except where such destruction is rendered absolutely necessary by military operations.). While article 49 states: “Individual or mass forcible transfers, as well as deportations of protected persons from occupied territory to the territory of the Occupying Power or to that of any other country, occupied or not, are prohibited, regardless of their motive.” Chapter 2: Israeli violations against natural resources Table 10: Targeted agricultural lands – 2011 Ravaged fields area (dunum) Used as Governorate Sabotaged/ Soaked with Total Plowing Burning rangeland (by confiscated sewage colonists) Jerusalem 41 0 0 0 0 41 Hebron 55 3 44 82 10 194 Bethlehem 46 0 0 0 167 213 Ramallah 9 242 0 0 0 251 Jericho 24 0 0 120 0 144 Nablus 120 8 0 0 0 128 Salfit 982 0 0 0 30 1012 Qalqiliya 190 12 0 0 0 202 Tubas 0 70 0 0 0 70 Tulkarm 587 0 0 0 0 587 Jenin 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total 2,054 335 44 202 207 2,842

Source: Field Observations – Monitoring Israeli Human Rights Violations Team – LRC

Ravaged lands in the West Bank in 2011 - by location 1012 18

587

251 194 213 202 144 128 41 70

Jerusalem Hebron Bethlehem Ramallah Jericho Nablus Salfit Qalqiliya Tubas Tulkarm Chapter 2: Israeli violations against natural resources

Flames consuming lands in ; Karmi Zur colonists set the lands alight on June 6, 2011

An Israeli truck loading confiscated irrigation networks - Al Baq›a on July 19, 2011

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2.1.3 Attacks on Palestinian trees The Israelis became aware of the importance of agriculture for Palestinians since their first days on this land. They carried out all kinds of measures to destroy the lands of Palestine while being inconsiderate to nature, environment, and biodiversity. Ravaging lands was not enough for the mighty Israeli war machine, consequently, they unleashed the herds of radical colonists, spreading all around the West Bank, and opened doors for them to use the sickest of ways to destroy trees whether by toxics, uprooting, blazing, etc. Most of the Palestinian lands were turned into crisis areas due to the Israeli day-to-day aggressions which threaten the very Palestinian existence and, at the same time, give space to colonial expansion. Chapter 2: Israeli violations against natural resources Table 11: Ravaged trees – 2011 Torched trees Uprooted trees Soaked in Governorate Toxicated 2 Total Fully Temporarily 1 Fully Temporarily sewage Jerusalem 325 115 554 100 0 0 1094 Hebron 160 50 1338 174 0 500 2222 Bethlehem 10 0 1167 732 0 125 2034 Ramallah 535 1227 427 342 205 0 2736 Jericho 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Nablus 2250 3744 2189 1097 0 0 9280 Salfit 190 170 1125 534 0 45 2064 Qalqiliya 0 110 760 210 0 0 1080 Tubas 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Tulkarm 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Jenin 0 90 0 0 0 0 90 3,470 5,506 7,560 3,189 Total 205 670 20,600 8,976 10,750 Source: Field Observations – Monitoring Israeli Human Rights Violations Team – LRC 1. 2,140 trees were taken away after being uprooted while 1643 where completely leveled. 2. Died of toxics

Ravaged trees in the West Bank in 2011 - by location 9,280

20

2,736 2,222 2,034 2,064 1,094 1,080 90

Jerusalem Hebron Bethlehem Ramallah Nablus Salfit Qalqiliya Jenin

Torched trees in the West Bank in 2011 - by location 744 , 3

Totally Damaged Partially Damage 250 250 , 2 227 , 1 535 325 190 170 160 115 110 90 50 10 0 0 0

Jerusalem Hebron Bethlehem Ramallah Nablus Salfit Qalqiliya Jenin Chapter 2: Israeli violations against natural resources

Uprooted or broken trees in the West Bank in 2011 - by location 189 , 2 338 338 1 , 167 , 125 , 097 Totally Damaged 1 , 1 1 Partially Damage 760 732 554 534 427 342 210 174 100 0 0

Jerusalem Hebron Bethlehem Ramallah Nablus Salfit Qalqiliya Jenin

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Trees uprooted by Yish Adam colonists on February 20, 2011 - Qusra, Nablus

Huge areas were set ablaze in Zwata on July 17, 2011

Colonists of Ufar set Deir Jrer olives alight on September 22, 2011 - Ramallah

Sorrowful olives; ravaged by Maale Avraym colonists on September 25, 2011 - Nablus Chapter 2: Israeli violations against natural resources 2.2 Draining Palestinian Water Control over natural resources have always been a vital part of the Israeli overall growth and colonization policies; over the years, huge areas of agricultural lands and water sources have been confiscated. This is a breach of the International law and Humanitarian law in addition to Oslo accords. Annex III (Oslo Accords) Protocol on Israeli-Palestinian co-operation in economic and development Programs. The two sides agree to establish an Israeli-Palestinian continuing committee for economic co- operation, focusing, among other things, on the following: Co-operation in the field of water, including a water development programme prepared by experts from both sides, which will also specify the mode of co-operation in the management of water resources in the West Bank and Gaza Strip, and will include proposals for studies and plans on water rights of each party, as well as on the equitable utilization of joint water resources for implementation in and beyond the interim period. Israel proved over and over that the agreement was nothing but a way to trick the Palestinians and international community. The gap in water consumption is quite clear; colonists never fear any shortage in water while Palestinians have to use tanks to store as much water as possible because of the extreme scarcity. The huge consumption of water by colonists (an average of 300 liters per day per person compared to 80 liters per person per day for a Palestinian) has had drastic consequences on the lives of people, environment, biodiversity, livestock, agriculture, etc. At the same time, Israel targets any Palestinian cisterns or wells to further harden water access.

22 In 2011, LRC recorded 116 cases of wells, cisterns, and pools demolitions with more than 3100 beneficiaries and 1200 of cattle. The demolitions will also result in drying over 2000 dunums of agricultural fields.

2.2.1 Demolishing cisterns, pools, and springs

Table 12: Demolished water cisterns, pools, springs, etc. in 2011 Rain water Ground water Governorate Total Springs Cistern Pool Tanks Total Well Total volume Destroyed Seized Jerusalem 4 0 0 4 120 0 0 0 0 Hebron 16 23 16 55 9947 0 2 0 2 Bethlehem 8 1 0 9 1055 0 0 0 0 Ramallah 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 Jericho 8 1 0 9 505 2 0 0 2 Nablus 8 0 4 12 366 0 1 0 1 Salfit 6 1 0 7 575 0 0 1 1 Qalqiliya 2 8 0 10 80 0 0 0 0 Tubas 3 0 0 3 80 0 0 0 0 Tulkarm 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Jenin 7 0 0 7 414 8 0 0 8 total 62 34 20 116 1 13,142 10 4 2 16 2 Source: Field Observations – Monitoring Israeli Human Rights Violations Team – LRC 1 (11) were destroyed by colonists 2 (4) were destroyed by colonists Chapter 2: Israeli violations against natural resources

Demolished water structures in the West Bank in 2011 - by location 57

15 11 13 9 8 10 4 2 3 0

Jerusalem Hebron Bethlehem Ramallah Jericho Nablus Salfit Qalqiliya Tubas Tulkarm Jenin

23

Israeli dozers knocking down cisterns - , Hebron

Remains of a cistern - Beit Ula

Ruins of a water pool demolished on January 15, 2011 - Yatta, Hebron Chapter 2: Israeli violations against natural resources 2.2.2 Demolition threats for cisterns, pools, and springs

Table 13: Demolition threats for cisterns, pools, and springs

Rain water Ground water Governorate Total Cistern Tanks Tankers Total Threats Searching Jerusalem 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Hebron 33 14 0 47 5 1 6 Bethlehem 2 0 0 2 0 0 0 Ramallah 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Jericho 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Nablus 3 3 9 15 0 0 0 Salfit 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 Qalqiliya 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Tubas 4 1 1 6 0 0 0 Tulkarm 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 Jenin 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 Total 43 19 12 74 5 2 7 Source: Field Observations – Monitoring Israeli Human Rights Violations Team – LRC

24 Threatened water structures in the West Bank in 2011 - by location

53

15

6 0 2 0 0 1 0 2 2

Jerusalem Hebron Bethlehem Ramallah Jericho Nablus Salfit Qalqiliya Tubas Tulkarm Jenin Chapter 3: Colonists’ attacks on Palestinians and their properties

Chapter 3: Colonists’ attacks on Palestinians and their properties 3.1 Summary of Colonists’ attacks on Palestinians and their Properties Israeli colonists spreading all around the West Bank and Jerusalem continue their war against the Palestinians and their properties; in 2011, 712 attacks were reported by LRC’s team, these are: • Torching, cutting, and ravaging 16340 trees • Damaging 137 Palestinian vehicle • Assaulting 540 palestinians, murdering some • Attacking 87 residence and 13 other structures (burning, damaging, or seizing) • Expelling more than 350 farmers from their plots and attacking 225 while in their farms or heading to them • Defiling 13 mosques, 3 shrines, and 3 Mulim cemeteries • Damaging, defiling, or capturing 16 springs • Attacking 7 educational institutions

3.2 Types of colonists’ attacks

Table 14: Colonists’ attacks Farmers, Religious Water Educational Governorate Land Vehicles Citizens Structures herders, Total sites sources institutions cattle Jerusalem 33 19 58 33 14 2 2 2 151 Hebron 83 6 12 2 5 0 1 0 109 Bethlehem 4 0 23 20 2 5 0 1 55 Ramallah 25 19 6 7 2 4 1 0 61 27 Jericho 0 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 4 Nablus 54 35 46 29 29 5 11 4 209 Salfit 23 6 10 0 16 2 0 0 57 Qalqiliya 15 7 14 5 10 0 1 0 50 Tubas 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Tulkarm 4 0 3 1 3 0 1 0 13 Jenin 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 3 Total 242 95 175 97 81 18 17 7 712 Source: Field Observations – Monitoring Israeli Human Rights Violations Team – LRC

Colonists aggressions on Palestinians and their properties in the West Bank in 2011 - by location 209

151

109

61 55 57 50

13 4 0 3

Jerusalem Hebron Bethlehem Ramallah Jericho Nablus Salfit Qalqiliya Tubas Tulkarm Jenin Chapter 3: Colonists’ attacks on Palestinians and their properties

3.3 Attacks on Palestinian citizens

Governorate total Kidnap Murder Shooting at Running over Physical abuse Jerusalem 37 1 5 2 2 47 Hebron 139 2 12 1 9 163 Bethlehem 30 0 5 0 0 35 Ramallah 28 0 1 0 0 29 Colonists aggressions on Palestinian individuals Jericho 0 0 1 0 0 1 in the West Bank in 2011 - by location Nablus 153 2 6 1 10 172 172 Salfit 46 0 1 0 1 48 163 Qalqiliya 27 0 4 0 4 35 Tubas 7 0 0 0 0 7 Tulkarm 0 0 0 0 0 0 Jenin 2 1 0 0 0 3 Total 469 6 35 4 26 540 Source: Field Observations – Monitoring Israeli Human Rights Violations Team – LRC 47 48 35 29 35 7 1 0 3 28 Jerusalem Hebron Bethlehem Ramallah Jericho Nablus Salfit Qalqiliya Tubas Tulkarm Jenin

3.4 Attacks on Palestinian vehicles

Table 16: attacks on Palestinian vehicles by location - 2011

Governorate Occurrences

Jerusalem 0 Hebron 30 Bethlehem 7 Ramallah 27 Jericho 6 Nablus 48 Salfit 8 Qalqiliya 11 Tubas 0 Tulkarm 0 A Palestinian car burnt by Yizhar colonists on March 1, 2011 - Jenin 0 Huwwara, Nablus Total 137 Source: Field Observations – Monitoring Israeli Human Rights Violations Team – LRC Chapter 3: Colonists’ attacks on Palestinians and their properties

A truck torched by colonists on January 14, 2011 - Duma, Nablus

Colonists of Tal Rmeida capture a home garden with the aid of Israeli 29 soldiers

Traces of flame covering a building, January 19, 2011 - Bitin, Ramallah

Chapter 4: Siege and Blockades

Chapter 4: Siege and Blockades Siege and Blockades The Palestinians Journey of Pain seems to be endless with hundreds of Israeli checkpoints spreading all around the West Bank, splitting it into small, detached entities. It seems that spreading colonies, bypasses, and the segregation wall do not add enough to the suffering of the Palestinian people; also, it seems that it is not enough to deprive them from their sources of income and drastically damage their social life. The worse of the mass punishment measures have been used against the Palestinian throughout 64 years of occupation, that including the placement of over 700 road blocks of various types in addition to closures within Hebron Old City. Types of checkpoints: • Flying checkpoints: random checkpoints. • Permanent: usually on the entrances of Palestinian cities and villages. • Earth mounds: blocking agricultural or side roads. • Iron gates: on the entrances of cities, sometimes inside cities, and the gates of the segregation wall. • Crossover: separating the West Bank from the Occupied City of Jerusalem and other parts of the lands Occupied in 1948. These checkpoints are a source of torment to the Palestinians; it did not only detach them but also caused the abortion of many Palestinian women who were delayed from getting to medical centers for treatment or were exposed to radiation in the X ray devices. Many women had to give birth on checkpoints and many died due to unhygienic and unhealthy environment. 33 In addition, many elderly and sick people lost their lives there because of exhaustion and delay. The soldiers mainly target the youth to humiliate them and treat them, and the others in an inhuman and disgraceful way.

4.1 Further movement restrictions Table 17: checkpoints within and around the West Bank - 2011 Flying Adding a permanent Closure of Abused Governorate Restrictions Arrests checkpoint checkpoint an iron gate Palestinians Jerusalem 140 2 70 0 36 65 Hebron 348 15 99 1 25 67 Bethlehem 150 1 12 0 14 15 Ramallah 105 0 21 1 31 58 Jericho 151 0 10 0 12 6 Nablus 55 4 2 1 4 15 Salfit 256 2 20 6 15 12 Qalqiliya 382 0 85 1 32 5 Tubas 480 2 117 5 48 28 Tulkarm 485 2 126 5 52 30 Jenin 139 0 4 1 22 9 Total 2,691 28 566 21 291 310 Source: Field Observations – Monitoring Israeli Human Rights Violations Team – LRC Chapter 4: Siege and Blockades 4.2 Checkpoints status

Table 18: detailed status of checkpoints within and around the West Bank (excluding checkpoints inside the Occupied Cities of Hebron (H2) and Jerusalem as well as checkpoints leading to areas occupied in 1948)

Jerusalem Colonies Temporarily/ No. Location Type and watch Connecting Remarks fully closed towers Separating Jerusalem from Beit Iksa and Beddo which also leads to the the The gate separates villages of the north west these villages from Beit Iksa/ Military 1 Samuel of Jerusalem including their economic, closed Ras Beddo gate Beit Hanina, Al Jeeb, educational, and Qatanna, Beit Surik, Beit health center Anan, Beit Daqqo and parts of Beir Nabala Separates Jerusalem from Ramallah, consequently, Most of the citizens Access north parts of the WB. Military hold a Jerusalem ID. restricted to 2 Qalandya Atarot it also separates the crossover soldiers are there on holders of neighborhoods of Kafr permanent basis Jerusalem ID Aqab, Qalandya, and Dahyet al Bareed Access Military Separating Jaba' and Constant presence of restricted to 3 Hizma Pizgat Ze'ev checkpoint Hizma from Jerusalem soldiers holders of Jerusalem ID Separates Shu'fat camp, Access Pisgat Omer, 34 Military Dahyet al Salam, Al Constant presence of restricted to 4 Shu'fat Rikhes checkpoint Z'ayyem, Ras Mikhmas soldiers holders of Shu'fat from Jerusalem Jerusalem ID Separates Al 'Izariyya, , As Sawahra Har Ash Sharqiyya and the Access Military Hazufim, nomads gatherings in Constant presence of restricted to 5 Al Z'ayyem checkpoint the Hebrew al Khan al Ahmar from soldiers holders of University Jerusalem; also seperates Jerusalem ID Jerusalem from Jericho and the Valley Access Separates al 'Izariyya from Ras Ibetan, Military Constant presence of restricted to 6 Hazetem Jerusalem; pedestrians Hazetem checkpoint soldiers holders of only are allowed Jerusalem ID Separates Abu dis, al Al Qunbur - Military 7 Qunbur, and al Sarkhi blocked Closed Abu Dis crossover from Jerusalem Seperates al Sheikh Sa'ad Al Sheikh Military 8 from Jerusalem and Jabal blocked Closed Sa'ad checkpoint al Mukabber Al Nu'man, Detaches Jerusalem and Access restricted to Military Abu Ghneim 9 Al Bethlehem (al Khas and holders of Jerusalem Closed crossover (Har Huma) Mazmuriyya Al Nu'man villages) ID Disconnects Jerusalem Access restricted to 10 tunnel Gilo and Beit Jala and the holders of Jerusalem Closed southern parts of the WB ID Permenant Disconnects al Walaja and 11 Al Walaja Har Gilo Permenant Closed checkpoint Jeruslaem Gilo Disconnects Jerusalem Permenant, Access 12 Al Tantour crossover Gilo and Bethlehem and the restricted to holders Closed (300) southern parts of the WB of Jerusalem ID Chapter 4: Siege and Blockades

Colonies and Temporarily/ No. Location Type Connecting Remarks watch towers fully closed Ras Military The French Detaches Ras Khamis and 13 Khamis, Pedestrians only Closed checkpoint Hill Shu'fat from Jerusalem Shu'fat Seperates between Military Qalandya and its extension 14 Qalandya Atarut Military checkpoint Closed checkpoint as well as the industrial zone Beit Iksa - Military Disconnects Beit Iksa and 15 Ramut Permenantly blocked Closed east checkpoint Beit Hanina and Jerusalem Al Shayyah Seperates Jerusalem (jabal Military 16 - Al al Mukabber and Silwan) Permenantly blocked Closed checkpoint Sawahra from al Sawahra Military Seperates Bitonya from 17 Bitonya Goods only closed crossover lands occupied in 1948 Hebron Adh Dhariyya Occasional presence Temporarily 1 Dura Iron gate Watch tower Dura - Hebron of soldiers closed Road Adh Rocks, Al Majnouna Dhariyya Agricultural Watch tower on a 2 Deir Razeh cement closed military camp - Hebron lands - Dura nearby mountain top blocks Road Adh Deir Rzeh entrance Rocks, Agricultural Dhariyya was reopened but 3 Deir Razeh earth Watch tower lands - Deir closed - Hebron this block was mound Razeh Road overlooked Adh 35 Dhariyya Agricultural Reopening the 4 Rocks Etenel closed - Hebron lands - Dura nearby Junction Road Adh Adh Iron gate, Gate was put Dhariyya Dahriyya, 5 Rabud cement Etenel to replace earth closed - Hebron Kurza, and blocks mounds (5, 2010) Road Al Asja Adh Al Fawwar, Al Fawwar Dhariyya Occasional presence Temporarily 6 Iron gate Watch tower Al Rihiyya, entrance - Hebron of soldiers closed Yatta Road Adh Iron gate, Dhariyya Main entrance, south 7 Al Hawooz cement Beit Haggai Hebron city closed - Hebron of Hebron blocks Road Rocks, One of three bloks on 8 earth Beit Haggai Bypass '60' Qalqas closed Qalqas mounds Rocks, earth 9 Qalqas mounds, Beit Haggai Bypass '60' Qalqas Main entrance closed cement blocks Rocks, Hebron 10 Qalqas earth Beit Haggai Bypass '60' Checkpoint '9;' Closed suburbs mounds Ad Dar, Temporarily 11 Al Fahs Iron gate Watch tower Bypass '60' Placed in 2008 Yatta closed Chapter 4: Siege and Blockades

Colonies and Temporarily/ No. Location Type Connecting Remarks watch towers fully closed Al Fahs, the Temporarily 12 Al Fahs Iron gate Watch tower industrial Bypass closed zone '60'Hebron Bani Na'im Occasional presence 13 rocks Kiryat Arba Bypass '60' eastern Closed Junction of soldiers suberbns Rocks, Al Jalajel, Eastern side of 14 earth Kiryat Arba Bypass '60' Al Jalajel Closed Bani Nai'm checkpoint '13' mounds Al Baq'a On the right hand 15 Al Baq'a rocks Kharsina Bypass '60' agricultural side of bypass '60', Closed lands towards Einun Al Baq'a Across checkpoint 16 Al baq'a rocks Kharsina Bypass '60' agricurtural Closed '15' lands Reopend in August, 17 rocks Kharsina Bypass '60' Beit Einun Closed 2010 but closed again 18 Beit Einun rocks Kharsina Qizon By pass '60' Across checkpoint 17 Closed Bypass '60' Hebron 19 and bypass Iron gate Watch tower Bypass '35' agricultural On bypass '35' Closed '35' junction lands Rocks, On the right hand 20 Hasaka cement N.A. Bypass '35' Hasaka side of bypass '35', Closed blocks heading west Hasak Earth Only tractors have 21 Hasaka N.A. Bypass '35' agricultural Closed mounds access lands 36 Suba On the left hand 22 Tarqumiya Iron gate Adura Bypass '35' agricultural side of bypass '35', Closed lands towards Givat Al Majd - Al Permanent watch Temporarily 23 Iron gate Beit Awwa Habustan Burj tower closed Givat Al Majd - Al 100 meters away Temporarily 24 Beit Awwa Iron gate Beit Awwa Habustan Burj from checkpoint '25' closed Fqeqis, On the same junction Givat Temporarily 25 Beit Awwa Iron gate Beit Awwa Khirbit of checkpoints 24 Habustan closed Salama, Dura and 23 Fqeqis - Dura Placed in 2009 after a Temporarily 26 Fqeqis Iron gate Negohot western Dura decision was taken to closed villages reopen the road Shib al Earth Shib al 27 Butum - Avigail Bypass '60' The only entrance Closed mounds Butum Yatta Hebron Near Kiryat Arba, Western side of 28 rocks Bypass '60' agricultural Closed Qalqas Beit Haggai Qalqas lands Occasional closures Halhul Hebron city Temporarily 29 Iron gate Watch tower Bypass '35' and presence of Bridge and Halhul closed soldiers Rocks, Adh Wadi al agricultural 30 earth N.A. Dhariyya - Blocked in June, 2010 Closed Shajna lands mounds Hebron Road Adh agricultural Wadi al Earth 31 N.A. Dhariyya - lands and Blocked in June, 2010 Closed Shajna mounds Hebron Road residences Chapter 4: Siege and Blockades

Colonies and Temporarily/ No. Location Type Connecting Remarks watch towers fully closed Rocks, Passers must drive to Adh Adh Wadi al 32 earth Tina Adh Dhariyya towards Closed Dhariyya Dhariyya Khalil mounds al Ramadeen Semi permanent Halhul semi Temporarily 33 Watch tower Hebron Halhul checkpoint obstructing Bridge permanent closed movement Hebron - Presence of Israeli Temporarily 34 Al 'Arrub Iron gate Watch tower Bethlehem Bethlehem soldiers at the entrance closed Road of Al Arrub College Hebron - Bethlehem, On the right hand side Cement 35 Al 'Arrub Watch tower Bethlehem Ezyon of the road, across al Closed blocks Road junction Arrub farm Rocks, Hebron - Beit Ummar Entrance to the 36 Beit Ummar cement Watch tower Bethlehem Closed outskirts vegetables market blocks Road Hebron - Main entrance of Beit Temporarily 37 Beit Ummar Iron gate Watch tower Bethlehem Beit Ummar Ummar closed Road Rocks, Hebron - Children To the left of Beit 38 Beit Ummar earth Watch tower Bethlehem Closed cemetery Ummar entrance mounds Road Hebron - Cement Beit Ummar On the left side of the 39 Beit Ummar Watch tower Bethlehem Closed blocks outskirts road Road Blocked permanently despite being placed At Tawani - agricultural 40 Iron gate Ma'oun At Tawani to protect Palestinian Closed Yatta lands farmers from colonists' 37 attacks Earth Next to Zeef Junction 41 Zeef - Yatta N.A. Bypass '60' Zeef Closed mounds to the south Earth Al Juneidi 100 meters away from 42 Zeef - Yatta N.A. Bypass '60' Closed mounds cow farm checkpoint 41 Um al Earth Um al 200 meters away from 43 Amad - N.A. Bypass '60' Closed mounds Amad checkpoint 42 Yatta Um al Um al 100 meters away from 44 Amad - Rocks N.A. Bypass '60' Closed Amad checkpoint 43 Yatta Adh Hafayer Earth Dhariyya Hafayer 45 basam - N.A. Acroos abda entrance Closed mounds - Hebron Basam Dura Road Adh Rocks, Karma - Dhariyya agricultural 46 earth N.A. Across Karma entrance Closed Dura - Hebron lands mounds Road Bypass Cement Idhna Occasional presence of Temporarily 47 Idhna Watch tower '35' and blocks entrance soldiers closed Tarqumiya Rocks, Um Nir and Um Nir - 48 earth Susiya Dudisy agricultural Access to Um Nir Closed Yatta mounds lands Wadi Wadi Jhesh Earth Jhesh and Right side of bypass 49 Susiya Bypass '60' Closed - Yatta mounds agricultural '60' lands Chapter 4: Siege and Blockades

Colonies and Temporarily/ No. Location Type Connecting Remarks watch towers fully closed Beir al Ad Across Um al Arayes Beer al Ad - Unpaved 50 rocks Um al Arayes agricultural on the south side; Closed Yatta road lands blocked by colonists Western part of the Earth Eshkolot and Al agricultural 51 Al Ramadeen village, across the Closed mounds the wall Ramadeen lands segregation wall Bethlehem Marah Temporary Temporarily 1 Rabah, Tiqua Tiqua Bypass checkpoint closed junction Temporary Abu Ghnaim Ish al Temporarily 2 Ish al Ghurab checkpoint (Har Huma) Ghurab closed Temporary Dar Salah 3 Qaber Hilwa checkpoint entrance Talitha 4 Talitha Komi Gilo Beit Jala Komi DCO – Beit 5 Gilo Jala Temporary Occasional presence 6 Al Nashash Watch tower Al Khader Bypass '60' checkpoint of soldiers Temporary 7 Tikua Tikua colony Tikua Janata checkpoint Ezyon Occasional presence Temporarily 8 Ezyon Iron gate colonial North WB South WB of soldiers closed compound Access 38 Rachel's Blocked / permanent limited to 9 Iron gate Bethlehem Jerusalem Tomb checkpoint Jerusalem ID holders Access Blocked / permanent limited to 10 Al Walaja Iron gate Beit Jala Al Walaja checkpoint Jerusalem ID holders Access Permanent Blocked / permanent limited to 11 The tunnel Gilo Beit Jala Jerusalem checkpoint checkpoint Jerusalem ID holders Permanent Blocked / permanent 12 Wadi Fukin Bitar Elit Wadi Fukin Husan blocked checkpoint checkpoint Access Permanent Abu Ghnaim Blocked / permanent limited to 13 Beit Sahour Beit Sahour bypass checkpoint (Har Huma) checkpoint Jerusalem ID holders Ramallah Rantis Cement Segregation 1 Rantis Road 465 western Cement blocks closed blocks wall entrance Earth Ufarim Earth mounds block 2 Abud Abud Main road Closed mound colony the road Temporary An Nabi An Nabi Deir checkpoint, Temporarily 3 checkpoint Halmish Saleh Saleh Nizam occasional presence closed of soldiers Chapter 4: Siege and Blockades

Colonies and Temporarily/ No. Location Type Connecting Remarks watch towers fully closed Earth mound blocking an unpaved road Deir Al Earth 4 Halmish Main road Deir Sidwan connecting Der al Closed Sudan mound Sudan with the bypass nearby Halmish An earth mound blocking an Earth 5 Barham Ateret bypass Barham unpaved road Closed mound connecting Barham with the bypass An earth mound blocking an Earth 6 Al Jabya Ateret Bypass Al Jabya unpaved road Closed mound connecting Al Jabya with the bypass Al Janya Entrance of Al 7 Al Janya Iron gate Talmun Bypass Closed entrance Janya is blocked Ein Qinya Entrance blocked 8 Ein Qinya Iron gate Dolph Bypass Closed entrance with an iron gate Cement Entrance blocked 9 Al Janya Talmun Bypass Al Janya Closed blocks with an iron gate An unpaved Talmun road connecting 10 Ras Karkar Iron gate Talmun Ras Karkar Closed colony al Janya with the main road An earth mound 39 Earth temporarily 11 Shaqaba Ufarim Shaqaba Bypass '446' Closed mound blocking Shaqaba's entrance Blocked by an 12 Beit Sira Iron gate Mikavim Beit Sira Bypass '443' Closed iron gate Beit Or Al Beit Or Al Blocked with an 13 Iron gate Bypass '443' Closed Tihta Tihta iron gate Cement blocks Beit Or Al Cement Beit Or Al disconnecting side 14 Bypass '443' Closed Tihta blocks Tihta roads and bypass '443' Beit Or Al Beit Or Al Permanent Temporarily 15 Checkpoint Bypass '443' Fuqa Fuqa presence of soldiers closed Disconnecting At Cement 16 At Tira At Tira Bypass '443' Tira and bypass Closed blocks '443' Occasional Temporarily 17 'Atara checkpoint 'Atara Beir Zet presence of soldiers closed Bypass Qaddura Cement Qaddura 18 Pisgut leading to the Completely closed Closed camp blocks camp colony Earth Disconnects 19 Turmus'ayya Eli Turmus'ayya Bypass '60' Closed mound agricultural lands Agricultural Temporarily 20 Turmus'ayya Iron gate Eli Turmus'ayya Gate open lands closed Earth Permanently 21 Sinjil Sinjil Bypass '60' Closed mound closed Khirbit au Earth Khirbit au Road blocked 22 Bypass '60' Closed Falah mound Falah completely Chapter 4: Siege and Blockades

Colonies and Temporarily/ No. Location Type Connecting Remarks watch towers fully closed Al Mazra›a Earth Eastern 23 Bypass '60' Road blocked completely Closed Al Sharqiya mound farm Earth 24 Silwad Silwad Bypass '60' Road blocked completely Closed mound Ein Earth Ein 25 Ufra Bypass '60' Road blocked completely Closed Yabroud mound Yabroud Earth 26 Bitin Beit El Bitin Bypass '60' Road blocked completely Closed mound 27 Yabroud Iron gate Ufra Yabroud Bypass '60' Road blocked completely Closed Earth 28 Deir Jrer Ufra Deir Jrer Bypass '60' Road blocked completely Closed mound Deir Earth Deir 29 Bypass '60' Road blocked completely Closed Dibwan mound Dibwan Earth 30 Burqa Burqa Bypass '60' Road blocked completely Closed mound Cement 31 Burqa Burqa Bypass '60' Road blocked completely Closed blocks Earth 32 Ibwen Ibwen Road '465' Road blocked completely Closed mound Earth 33 Kafr Malek Kafr Malek Road '458' Road blocked completely Closed mound Al Cement Al 34 Yish Kudesh Road '458' Road blocked completely Closed Mughayyer blocks Mughayyer Earth 35 Ein Sinya Ein Sinya Road '465' Closed mound 40 36 Al Jalazon Iron gate Beit El Al Bira Al Jalazon Road blocked completely Closed 37 Bitin Iron gate Beit El Bitin Al Bira Road blocked completely Closed Earth 38 Bitin Beit El Bitin Al Bira Road blocked completely Closed mound Earth 39 Al Bira Beit El Al Bira Beit El Road blocked completely Closed mound Beit El Permanent presence of 40 Checkpoint Beit El Al Bira Bypass '60' Closed Checkpoint soldiers At Tayba Al Occasional presence of Temporarily 41 Checkpoint At Tayba checkpoint Mu'arajat Jordan closed Temporarily 42 Al Bira Iron gate Beit El Al Bira Surda Gate open closed Jericho Earth Blocked with earth 1 Anwe'ma Nima colony Anwe'ma Bypass '90' closed mound mounds Military 2 Jericho city Alenbi bridge Jericho city By pass '90' Permanent checkpoint Closed checkpoint Military Occasional presence of Temporarily 3 Al Awja Jericho city Al Awja checkpoint soldiers closed Earth 4 Deir al Qilt Road 1 Deir al Qilt closed mound Wadi al 5 Wadi al Qilt Iron gate Mizo yereho Road 1 closed Qilt Chapter 4: Siege and Blockades

Nablus Colonies and Temporarily/ No. Location Type Connecting Remarks watch towers fully closed Road 505 Earth Temporarily 1 'Aqraba Magdolim 'Aqraba (western blocked mound closed section) Earth Road 505 2 'Aqraba Magdolim 'Aqraba blocked closed mound (Kafr Atya) Earth 3 'Aqraba Magdolim 'Aqraba Road 505 blocked Closed mound Main Temporarily 4 entrance, Iron gate Magdolim 'Aqraba Road 505 Gate open closed 'Aqraba Majdal bani Majdal bani Temporarily 5 Iron gate Magdolim Road 505 Gate open Fadel Fadel closed Earth Temporarily 6 Jalud Shilo Jalud Road 458 blocked mound closed Road to 7 Jalud Iron gate Shilo Jalud Gate closed closed Shilo Maale Villages Military Maale Occasional presence of Temporarily 8 Afraym Maale Afraym south of checkpoint afraym soldiers closed checkpoint Nablus Villages Military Villages of permanent presence of Temporarily 9 Tipuah colony south of checkpoint checkpoint Ramallah soldiers closed Nablus Temporarily 10 Yatma Iron gate Yatma Road 505 Gate open closed Earth Temporarily 11 Al Lubban Eli Al Lubban Road 60 mound closed 41 Earth 12 Qaryut Eli Qaryut Road 60 Closed mound Main road Earth 13 Beta Beta in Al Syat blocked Closed mound area Military Occasional presence of Temporarily 14 Huwwara Yizhar Huwwara Jit checkpoint soldiers closed Military Occasional presence of Temporarily 15 Huwwara Huwwara Nablus city checkpoint soldiers closed Bypass '60', Earth 16 Burin Yizhar Burin adjacent to blocked Closed mound Yizhar Bypass '60', Cement 17 Burin Yizhar Burin adjacent to blocked Closed blocks Yizhar Temporarily 18 Burin Iron gate Baracha Burin Iraq Burin Gate open closed Military Occasional presence of Temporarily 19 Jit Gilad Zohar Jit Surra checkpoint soldiers closed Military permanent presence of Temporarily 20 'Awarta Alon Moreh 'Awarta Surra checkpoint soldiers closed Military Occasional presence of Temporarily 21 Beit Furik Alon Moreh Beit Furik Nablus city checkpoint soldiers closed 22 Beit Dajan Iron gate Alon Moreh Beit Dajan Nablus city closed Bypass 23 Salem Iron gate Alon Moreh Salem leading to Closed the colony Chapter 4: Siege and Blockades

Colonies and Temporarily/ No. Location Type Connecting Remarks watch towers fully closed Bypass Deir al Deir al 24 Iron gate Alon Moreh leading to Closed Hatab Hatab the colony 25 Tana Iron gate Mikhora Tana Road 508 Closed Al Masrab Cement The Jordan 26 road – Beit Mikhora Beit Furik closed blocks Valley area Furik Iraq al Cement Mikhora and The Jordan 27 Beit Furik Closed Dagh road blocks Jetet Valley area 'Aqrab Earth The Jordan 28 Jetet 'Aqraba Closed (Lafjam) mound Valley area At Tur Military permanent presence Temporarily 29 Baracha At Tur Nablus city checkpoint checkpoint of soldiers closed Shavi Military Shavi Occasional presence Temporarily 30 Nablus city Jenin Shamron checkpoint Shamron of soldiers closed Earth 31 Ein Shibli Pigut Ein Shibli Road 578 blocked Closed mound Shavi Temporarily 32 An Naqura Iron gate An Naqura Bypass '60' open Shamron closed Earth Shavi 33 Jinisnya Jinisnya Bypass '60' blocked Closed mound Shamron Qalqiliya ‘ al Maale Sham- ‘Azzun al Temporarily 1 Iron gate Road 55 Gate open Shamaliyya ron Shamaliyya open ‘Azzun al Maale Sham- ‘Azzun al Izbat at Temporarily 2 Iron gate Gate open Shamaliyya ron Shamaliyya Tabib open 42 ‘Azzun al Maale Sham- ‘Azzun al Maale Temporarily 3 Iron gate Gate closed Shamaliyya ron Shamaliyya Shamron open Ginat Sham- Temporarily 4 Iron gate Kafr Laqif Road 55 Gate open ron open Agricultural road Earth Ginat Sham- 5 Kafr Laqif Kafr Laqif Road 55 blocked with earth Closed mound ron mounds Kafr Qad- Kafr Qad- Completely closed 6 + 7 Iron gate Kadummim Road 55 Closed dum dum with two iron gates Isolated Agricultural road Cement 8 Jit Kadummim Jit lands near blocked with cement closed blocks the colony blocks ‘Azzun Military ‘Azzun ‘Azzun Presence of Israeli sol- Temporarily 9 Shiar Pitikva ‘Atma checkpoint ‘Atma entrance diers is rear open Tubas Military Al Hamra Permanent presence of Temporarily 1 Al Hamra Tubas Jiftlik checkpoint colony soldiers open Al Tayaseer Wadi al Permanent presence of Temporarily 2 Al ‘Aqaba --- Al ‘Aqaba checkpoint Maleh soldiers open Makhool, Makhool, Samra, and Samra, and Two iron gates, both 3 + 4 Iron gate Roi Road 578 Closed Al Hadidi- Al Hadidi- closed yya yya Iron Gate is closed and 5 ‘Atouf gate and Pigut and Roi ‘Atouf Road 578 Closed trenches dug around trenches 3 earth 3 earth mounds and 6 + 7 mounds trenches blocking 3 side Ein Shibli Pigut Ein Shibli Road 578 Closed + 8 and roads connecting Ein trenches Shibli with road 578 Chapter 4: Siege and Blockades

Tulkarm Colonies and Temporarily/ No. Location Type Connecting Remarks watch towers fully closed Temporarily 1 Iron gate Innab Beit Lid Road 557 Gate open closed Earth 2 Safarin Innab Safareen Road 557 Temporarily closed Closed mound Temporarily 3 Izbat Shufa Iron gate Avni Hefetz Izbat Shufa Road 557 Gate open open 2 earth Roads blocked mounds despite being used 4 Izbat Shufa blocking Avni Hefetz Izbat Shufa Road 557 closed for agricultural agricultural purposes roads Cement Blocked with cement 5 Izbat Shufa Avni Hefetz Izbat Shufa Izbat Shufa Closed block blocks Innab Military Occasional presence Temporarily 6 + 7 Innab colony Nablus Tulkarm checkpoint checkpoint of soldiers open Cement Closed agricultural 8 Sabastya Innab colony Sabastya Beit Lid Closed block road Earth Closed agricultural 9 Ramin Innab colony Ramin Road 557 Closed mound road Temporarily 10 Izbat Shufa Iron gate Avni Hefetz Izbat Shufa Tulkarm Gate open open Earth Temporarily 11 Al Hafasi Avni Hefetz Al Hafasi Kafa Partially open mound open Al Tanib Military Shavi Occasional presence Temporarily 12 Deir Sharaf Tulkarm checkpoint checkpoint Shamron of soldiers open Jenin 43 Temporarily 1 Imreha Iron gate Imreha Yabad Open open The Khirbat Khirbat 2 Iron gate segregation Zabda Closed closed Mas’oud Mas’oud wall Baqa Ash Sharqiyya, Temporarily 3 Imreha Iron gate Harmish Imreha open near al open Faraseen Main road Military (Nablus Occasional presence Temporarily 4 Imreha Mevu Dotan Imreha checkpoint – Jenin of soldiers open Road)

Total number of checkpoints and blockades 210 Chapter 4: Siege and Blockades

Traffic jam at Huwwara checkpoint - Nablus

44

Beit Einun entrance - blocked

Checkpoints Governorate Partially Total Fully closed closed Jerusalem 17 17 Hebron 38 13 51 Bethlehem 7 (*) 6 13 Ramallah 36 6 42 Jericho 4 1 5 Nablus 17 16 33 Salfit 7 9 16 Qalqiliyya 4 5 9 Tubas 6 2 8 TulKarm 6 6 12 Jenin 1 3 4 Total 143 67 210 Source: Field Observations – Monitoring Israeli Human Rights Violations Team – LRC (*) Access to the Occupied City of Jerusalem is extremely limited as all of the checkpoints surrounding the City are fully closed. Access is not allowed to residences of the West Bank even for praying.. Chapter 4: Siege and Blockades

A side road blocked with earth mounds and rocks on August 17, 2011 - Yatta, Hebron

45

Al Hamra checkpoint, a permanat checkpoint restricting Palestinians› movement - Tubas

Chapter 5: Israeli violations against religious sites

Chapter 5: Israeli violations against religious sites 5.1 Israeli violations against religious sites Racism… a disease that tainted the history of mankind… racism took many forms and shapes and drove people towards violence all around the word; religious discrimination is the worst of all… how can a religion disrespect other religious beliefs… how can it be full of contempt and even hatred towards others?! People are being oppressed while worshiping regardless of what beliefs they have and what religious group or sect they belong to. This is what is being done by the Israelis on these “Holy Lands” for over 64 years… The Israelis have violated all of the Palestinian rights including the right to religious freedom and freedom to worship; throughout the occupation of Palestine, the Israelis violated this right using the ugliest and most brutal of ways. Attacks are being planned and carried out either by the Israeli Army or colonists; such attacks were not limited to mosques and churches but they extended to hit cemeteries, shrines, tombs, etc. Maman Allah cemetery in the Occupied City of Jerusalem is being gradually destroyed while the Ummayad Palaces near Al Aqsa are being slowly removed. Excavations and millings are being carried out all around the Occupied City of Jerusalem in continuation of the Israeli colonial plans. At the same time, Israeli colonists, protected by the Israeli Army, committed day-to-day aggressions on other religious sites scattered all around the West Bank; the likes of Joseph’s Tomb, Tho Noun and Tho alKafl Tombs, etc. Also, attacks on mosques whether by torching, demolitions, raids, and defilement, are unstoppable. Al Aqsa in the Old City of Jerusalem and the Ibrahimi Mosque in the Old City of Hebron suffered most from the attacks. 49 Judization of Al Aqsa The Israeli policy towards Al Aqsa is the same; permitting colonial groups and herds to break into it and defile it and sometimes have celebrations within its walls. The Palestinian memory still holds the day when Ariel Sharon, the former Israeli Prime Minister, broke into the mosque accompanied by 3000 Israeli soldier and Police officers on September 28, 2000, that day when 5 Palestinians were killed and sparked the beginning of the . It also holds the memory of the raid which took place on August 8, 1990 when 22 Palestinians were killed and over 200 injured and another raid in 1996 when tens of Palestinians were killed. Another unforgettable day was the day colonists tried to burn Al Aqsa Mosque in 1969; when they succeeded to burn Saladin’s Altar, a masterpiece which was lost forever that day. Today, the Israeli aggressions against the mosque continue unabated. Israeli excavations and constructions around and beneath the mosque continue on an unprecedented rate while Palestinians are not allowed to performing the simplest of renovations. Colonists’ break-ins are becoming a daily scene whereas Palestinian worshippers are being harassed on the entrances of the Old City as well as entrance of the Church of Holy Sepulcher and Al Aqsa Mosque not to mention all the restrictions around the City. Restricted access to Al Aqsa in July, 2011 Chapter 5: Israeli violations against religious sites The Ibrahimi Mosque in Hebron… a target for Israeli greed The Ibrahimi Mosque in Hebron has been set as a target for Israeli attacks for a long time; extreme restrictions on access to the mosque which includes passing through gates and detailed, thorough, and humiliating search of people going in. Israeli measures towards the Mosque also included the banning of the Azan on the Jewish holidays while, at the same time, Israeli colonists are allowed to access it and roam it freely. Surely, the colonists took a huge push when Benjamin Netenyahu, the Israeli Prime Minister, declared the Mosque as a Jewish Heritage site on February 21, 2010. Colonists and soldiers defiling the Ibrahimi Mosque In November, 2011, Aruz Sheva website said that Yoli Ildestein, the Israeli Minister of Media and Jewish Diaspora, called for making November 19, 2011, the so-called Sarah’s life Shabbat, a day to support the Jewish colonists in Hebron while claiming that the mosque is a Jewish heritage site and that is for Jews and Jews only. Not a Palestinian will ever forget the Massacre committed by Baruch Goldstein on February 25, 1994, when he opened fire at praying 50 at the mosque, killing tens of them and injuring others. An incident that also resulted in the closure of many roads within the old city; Al Shuhada’ road Entrances of the Ibrahimi Mosque blocked has been closed since.

5.2 Assaulting 77 mosques since 1967 Since the Israeli occupation of Palestine in 1948, religious sites, shrines, and other sacred places were set as a target for the Israelis who wiped off whole cities and villages. Recently, attacks against mosques have increased significantly indicating the existence of an integral plan for the removal of such sites and an implementation of Herzel’s vision to “destroy whatever not sacred for the Jews”. Attacks against 77 mosques were recorded since the Israeli Occupation of the West Bank in 1967. 64 mosques and 13 churches were targeted along other sacred sites. In 2011, 34 mosques were attacked. Chapter 5: Israeli violations against religious sites Table 19: Churches suffered from attacks from 1967 till 2011 Attacked Governorate Chaurch Name Churches Jerusalem Saint John Old Church, the Church of Holy Sepulcher, All Nations Church, Roman 9 Orthodox Monastery, Virgin Mary Church, Catholic Armenians Church, the path of Pain in the Old City, Al Wad neighborhood, the Angelic Church, Prophets’ road in the Old City,

Bethlehem 2 Mar Elias Church, the Nativity Church

Ramallah 1 Imuas Church

Jericho 1 Na’ran Old Church

Damaged churches in the West Bank from 1967 till the end of 2011 - by location 9

2 1 1

Bethlehem Jerusalem Ramallah Jericho

Table 20: Mosques subjected to attacks, 1967 – 2011 Aggression Perpetrators Attacked Governorate Demolition Israeli 51 Mosques Demolition Closure Torch Graffiti Others Colonists threats Army Jerusalem 21 1 2 7 2 3 6 13 8 Hebron 16 1 0 5 1 8 1 10 6 Bethlehem 8 0 0 4 1 2 1 6 2 Ramallah 4 0 0 1 2 1 0 1 3 Jericho 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 Nablus 10 2 0 1 4 3 0 3 7 Salfit 5 0 0 2 3 0 0 2 3 Qalqiliya 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Tubas 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 Tulkarm 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Jenin 2 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 Total 68 6 2 21 13 17 9 38 30 Source: Field Observations – Monitoring Israeli Human Rights Violations Team – LRC 21 Attacked mosques in the West Bank since 1967 - by location 16 10 8 4 5 2 1 0 1 0

Jerusalem Hebron Bethlehem Ramallah Jericho Nablus Salfit Qalqiliya Tubas Tulkarm Jenin Chapter 5: Israeli violations against religious sites 5.3 Mosques subjected to attacks in 2011 Table 21: Mosques subjected to attacks in 2011

Aggression Perpetrators Attacked Governorate Demolition Israeli Mosques Demolition Closure Torch Graffiti Others Colonists threats Army Jerusalem 10 1 3 1 1 4 8 2 Hebron 8 1 2 1 4 5 3 Bethlehem 3 2 1 3 Ramallah 3 2 1 3 Jericho 1 1 1 Nablus 5 3 2 1 4 Salfit 3 1 2 1 2 Qalqiliya 0 Tubas 1 1 1 Tulkarm 0 Jenin 0 Total 34 2 1 9 9 9 4 20 14 Source: Field Observations – Monitoring Israeli Human Rights Violations Team – LRC Attacked mosques in the West Bank in 2011 - by location 10 8 52 5 3 3 3 1 1 0 0 0

Jerusalem Hebron Bethlehem Ramallah Jericho Nablus Salfit Qalqiliya Tubas Tulkarm Jenin

Table 22: Mosques attacked in 2011 – list of names

An Nabi Samuel, An Nabi Dawood, Al Ein, As Sahaba (As Suwwana)m Ibn Qudama (Wadi al Joz), AL Jerusalem Qal’a, Al Fateh, Ras al ‘Amoud, Ukasha (western Jerusalem)

The Ibrahimi Mosque, Al Idesa, AL Mfagara, As Sahaba (Bani Na’im), Ali Ibn Abi Taleb (Al Ramadeen), Hebron An Nabi Younis (Halhul), Khaled Ibn al Walid (Old City), Krisa (Dura)

Bethlehem Abu Huraira (Nahhalin), Abu Bakr (Husan), Al Mi’sara

Ramallah Al Mughayer, Al Hasan (Bir Zeit), An Nourayn (Burqa)

Jericho Arab al Zayed

Nablus Huwwara School Mosque, ‘Awarta, An Nourayn

Salfit Ali Ibn Abi Taleb (Bruqin), Ali Ibn Abi Taleb (Deir Istiya)

Tubas Yirza Chapter 5: Israeli violations against religious sites

An Nourayn Mosque set alight by colonists of Adi Ad on September 5, 2011

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An Nourayn Mosque

Al Mfagara Mosque prior to and after demolition - Yatta, Hebron

Chapter 6: Colonial expansion and the Israeli annexation & expansion wall

Chapter 6: Colonial expansion and the Israeli annexation and expansion wall 6.1 Israeli colonies consuming Palestinian lands The cancerous expansion of the Israeli colonies in the West bank is an outrageous violation of the Palestinian rights to housing and land as well as being a breach of all the International agreements and conventions in addition to the UN stance towards the , occupied in 1967, including East Jerusalem which states clearly that these territories fall under the Geneva conventions. Accordingly, the UN does not recognize the Israeli annexation of East Jerusalem and condemns all kinds of colonization. It demanded of Israel on several occasions that colonization of any sort shall be stopped and removed immediately, something that Israel never complied with. Several UN General Assembly or the UN Security Council resolutions condemned colonization of the West Bank and East Jerusalem and considered it illegal according to the international Law. UN Security Council resolutions 242 and 252 demanded the immediate dismantle and removal of all colonies in the West Bank. Construction of Israeli colonies on Palestinian private property is a breach of all the International conventions and resolutions including Article 46 of the 1907 La Haye Convention stating: “Family honor and rights, the lives of persons, and private property, as well as religious convictions and practice, must be respected. Private property cannot be confiscated” In addition to article 49 of the 1949 Geneva Fourth Convention stating: “The Occupying Power shall not deport or transfer parts of its own civilian population into the territory it occupies” In addition, the UN Security Council resolutions confirmed that Israeli transfer of its civilians to the occupied territories is illegal. The Israeli claims that it is taking over “state properties” or “Absentees properties” does not give it the right to lease these lands, or even give, to colonists and provide them with financial, security, and political support to construct and expand colonies in the occupied territories; that in addition to providing them with the necessary infrastructure. 57

Colonization in Numbers Israel claims that all the colonies in the West Bank are built over “state properties”; a lie that even the Israelis themselves believe now. Israel is still announcing projects to construct thousands of colonial units in and around the West Bank to populate the thousands of (Jewish) immigrants coming from all around the world in the West Bank. Nowadays, 423 Israeli colonies spread around the West Bank including 220 colonial outposts. 112 outposts lay within the borders of colonies and the rest are scattered over Palestinian lands. These colonies are inhabited by 404,356 colonists (statistics made in 2007). 18,360.8 dunums of Palestinian lands were confiscated for constructing these colonies while 43,785.2 dunums were captured for the purpose of establishing a road network connecting all these colonies and connecting them to “Israel”. On the other hand, 48,553.8 dunums were captured to place 194 Israeli Army bases in the West Bank. The Israeli colonies locations have been carefully chosen to disconnect the Palestinian communities and further restrict their movement. In addition, the colonies existence in between these communities hinders their development and ability to expand; especially in areas classified ‘C’ according to Oslo Accords. These colonies do not only take over lands but also all the natural resources in these lands. Consequently, the Israeli Occupation Authorities imposed further restriction on Palestinians residing nearby these colonies by destroying their cisterns, residences, shops, etc. Hundreds of residences as well as services (water and sewage pipes, electricity networks, etc.) were destroyed throughout years of Occupation; even reclamation of agricultural lands became prohibited. Chapter 6: Colonial expansion and the Israeli annexation and expansion wall Table 23: colonies in and around the West Bank (including East Jerusalem) Governorate Number of colonies Number of outposts Colonists Area (dunums) Hebron 30 44 14,423 13,908.5 Bethlehem 20 14 66,385 17,370 Jerusalem 34 18 188,520 38,558.2 Ramallah 30 53 64,086 32,462.6 Jericho 22 9 4,873 23,678.8 Nablus 13 44 7,998 16,319.4 Salfit 20 17 25,393 17,860.4 Qalqiliya 13 8 27,410 11,799.5 Tubas 8 3 1,228 7,590 Tulkarm 5 4 2,107 3,958.3 Jenin 8 6 1,933 3,854.6 Total 203 220 404,356 187,360.3 Source: Field Observations – Monitoring Israeli Human Rights Violations Team – LRC

6.2 Expansions of colonies – 2011

Table 24: number of colonies subjected to expansion – 2011

Leveling lands Governorate Number of colonies Constructed units Other establishments 58 around

Jerusalem 16 2791 4 1

Hebron 12 90 5 6

Bethlehem 10 300 21 3

Ramallah 19 720 34 0

Jericho 19 379 10 0

Nablus 14 386 17 6

Salfit 12 625 29 6

Qalqiliya 8 519 5 3

Tubas 9 182 6 1

Tulkarm 3 68 1 2

Jenin 5 115 0 0

Total 127 6,175 132 28

Source: Field Observations – Monitoring Israeli Human Rights Violations Team – LRC Chapter 6: Colonial expansion and the Israeli annexation and expansion wall

ElKana colony expanding on Mas-ha lands - Salfit

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Kharsina colony expanding over Al Baq’a lands - Hebron

Laying foundation for new colonial units in Maoun - Yatta, Hebron

Kadummim expanding on Kafr Kaddum lands - Qalqiliya Chapter 6: Colonial expansion and the Israeli annexation and expansion wall

6.3 Israeli Colonial Plans – 2011

Table 25: Israeli colonial expansion projects approved in 2011 Structures Structure Colonial Number Other Units Type Plan Colony Location Date Project by Remarks

Al Yasha Pelej, a member of the Party and The Israeli Municipality the Local Organization Pisgat January in the Occupied City Committee said that the Z’ev and Jerusalem 124 17, 2011 – Local Organization plan was needed since Telpyot Committee there are no ready-to- use locations in West Jerusalem The Israeli Municipality Jerusalem Ma’a lot March 1, in the Occupied City – Ras al 140 Construction approved 2011 –Organization and Amoud Construction Committee The Israeli Municipality New Al Sheikh March, in the Occupied City N.A. Approved colony Jarrah 2011 –Organization and Construction Committee Maale March Jerusalem 40 The Israeli Government Approved Adummim 14, 2011 Jerusalem April 20, The Israeli Ministry of Plans are being put in Pisgat Z’ev and 800 60 2011 Housing place Ramallah The committee discussed a plan to construct a 5-storey building, a Jerusalem 29465 B The Regional school, a synagogue, – Al April 27, New plan 386 4 Construction and and a kindergarten over Sheikh 2011 Organization Committee an 8-dunum-plot in Jarrah Kabaneyet Um Haroun – a plot inhabited by 30 families (over 270 people) New industrial plants Maale July 5, Jerusalem 0 6 The Israeli Government Bids advertised Adummim 2011

The Israeli Minsiter of Interior, Eli Yishai and Eli Yishai made a public August The Israeli Municipality statement about the Pisgat Z’ev Jerusalem 625 11, 2011 in the Occupied City construction plans that –Organization and he approved Construction Committee

11085 Eli Yishai made a public Ramat August The Israeli Minister of statement about the Jerusalem 1600 Shlomo 11, 2011 Interior, Eli Yishai construction plans that he approved

5438 A Eli Yishai made a public Jerusalem Givat August The Israeli Minister of statement about the and 2000 Hamatos 11, 2011 Interior, Eli Yishai construction plans that Bethlehem he approved Chapter 6: Colonial expansion and the Israeli annexation and expansion wall Structures Structure Colonial Number Other Units Type Plan Colony Location Date Project by Remarks

The Regional Construc- tion and Organization

13010 Two construction Jerusalem Committee and The Is- Har Huma August 7, plans were approved; and Beth- 930 raeli Municipality in the C 2011 announced on March lehem Occupied City –Organi- 29, 2011 zation and Construction Committee

Jerusalem The Regional Construc- 12825 Har Huma August 7, Two plans were ap- and Beth- 42 tion and Organization B 2011 proved lehem Committee

Bethlehem The Regional Construc- 13261 The Israeli Ministry of October 6, Gilo and Jeru- 1100 tion and Organization Interior approved the 2011 salem Committee plan hotels 14295

Jerusa- MK Plans for 2600 residen- Givat Ha- November lem – Beit 2600 9 The Israeli Government tial units and 9 hotels matos 1, 2011 safafa were approved November The Israeli Ministry of Intention to advertise Har Huma Jerusalem 749 15, 2011 Housing calls for tenders November The Israeli Ministry of Intention to advertise Gilo Jerusalem 743 15, 2011 Housing calls for tenders

November The Israeli Ministry of Intention to advertise Pisgat Z’ev Jerusalem 65 15, 2011 Housing calls for tenders Maale Ad- November The Israeli Ministry of Intention to advertise Jerusalem 40 ummim 15, 2011 Housing calls for tenders 61 December The Israeli Ministry of Intention to advertise Givat Z’ev Jerusalem 180 18, 2011 Housing calls for tenders December The Israeli Ministry of Intention to advertise Har Huma Jerusalem 500 18, 2011 Housing calls for tenders fices Maale Ad- December Of - The Israeli Ministry of Jerusalem 0 1 ummim 22, 2011 Housing

December The Israeli Ministry of Call for tenders num- Pisgat Z’ev Jerusalem 18 28, 2011 Housing ber 10016 3440 A 4430 A December The Israeli Ministry of Non-salable calls for Pisgat Z’ev Jerusalem 47 28, 2011 Housing tenders

Jerusalem The Israeli Land Depart- Har Huma and Beth- 130 ment and the Israeli Recall for tenders B lehem Ministry of Housing 7509 Har Huma December The Israeli Ministry of 117 Approved B 28, 2011 Housing 2/7/420 Maale Ad- December The Israeli Ministry of 40 approved ummim 29, 2011 Housing

Jerusalem 13.016 20 Chapter 6: Colonial expansion and the Israeli annexation and expansion wall Structures Structure Colonial Number Other Units Type Plan Colony Location Date Project by Remarks

Hebron A Jewish

and School N.A Expanding the school Nearby Bethlehem February 0 1 The Israeli Government area from 16 to 60 du- Afrat (Beit Um- 16, 2011 nums (plan approved) mar and al Khader) Bethlehem March 14, Bitar Elit 200 The Israeli Government Approved – Nahhalin 2011 March 14, Kfar Eldad Bethlehem 50 The Israeli Government Approved 2011 Bitar Elit May 20, The Israeli Ministry of Bethlehem 294 Approved and Afrat 2011 Defense November The Israeli Ministry of Intention to advertise Afrat Bethlehem 277 15, 2011 Housing calls for tenders November The Israeli Ministry of Intention to advertise Har Adar Bethlehem 79 15, 2011 Housing calls for tenders

Afrat 5/410 December The Israeli Ministry of Call for tenders (Givat Bethlehem 30 8, 2011 Housing YS/363/2011 Hadagat)

Afrat 5/410 December The Israeli Ministry of Call for tenders (Givat Bethlehem 30 8, 2011 Housing YS/290/2011 Hadagat) December The Israeli Ministry of Intention to advertise Bitar Elit Bethlehem 348 18, 2011 Housing calls for tenders 62 1/3/214 December The Israeli Ministry of Har Adar Bethlehem 7 Approved 28, 2011 Housing 1/3/214 December The Israeli Ministry of Har Adar Bethlehem 5 Approved 18, 2011 Housing 4/5/410 Afrat December The Israeli Ministry of (Givat Bethlehem 24 Approved 29, 2011 Housing Hazayet) Approved (calls for 4/5/410 Afrat tenders for the con- December The Israeli Ministry of (Givat Bethlehem 213 struction of 5 com- 29, 2011 Housing Hazayet) pounds, number: 10017/2011) 1/3/214 December The Israeli Ministry of Har Adar Bethlehem 72 Approved 30, 2011 Housing

Bethlehem 1,609 1 units) 205/12 (25 205/13 (94 residential

The plan will include August, The Israeli Minister of Shil Ramallah 119 “illegal residential 2011 Defense units” - approved

Ramallah 119 0 Chapter 6: Colonial expansion and the Israeli annexation and expansion wall Structures Structure Colonial Number Other Units Type Plan Colony Location Date Project by Remarks

Salfit – March 14, Ariel Marda and 100 The Israeli Government Approved 2011 Haris The paper published a plan to expand Nufim colony, the plan ap- April 3, Nufim Salfit N.A Haaretz newspaper proved by the Israeli 2011 PM (Netenyahu) and the Minister of De- fense (Barak) Industrial plant, a shopping mall

Salfit – Marda. July 14, Ariel 0 2 The Israeli Government Haris, and 2011 Eskaka

November The Israeli Ministry of Intention to advertise Ariel Salfit 277 15, 2011 Housing calls for tenders 4/2/130 December The Israeli Ministry of Calls for tenders ad- Ariel Salfit 277 8, 2011 Housing vertised

Salfit 654 2

63 Qalqiliya Karni – May 20, The Israeli Ministry of 42 Approved Shamron and Wadi 2011 Defence Qana

Qalqiliya 42 0

Total planned residential units 15440 23

Source: information gathered by LRC from various Israeli Organizations Israeli Governemnt, peace now, and Israeli newspapers) Chapter 6: Colonial expansion and the Israeli annexation and expansion wall

The Israeli Government declares a plan for building a new “Biblical garden” over Al ‘Isawiyya lands on November 19, 2011 - Jerusalem

New calls for tenders for the expansion of Har Huma - Bethlehem 64

Arab Studies Society Land Research Center

Al 'Isawiya

Dec. 2011 GIS & Mapping Unit

Hebrew University - Har HaTzofim

Sheikh Jarrah

Az Za'ayyem Ramallah

Wadi al Joz Jerusalem At Tur Legend As Suwwana Biblical Garden Pal. Builtup Area · Bethlehem Israeli Colony Bab as Sahira 1:10,000 Al 'Eizariya A map showing the location for the “Biblical garden” to be build over Al ‘Isawiyya Chapter 6: Colonial expansion and the Israeli annexation and expansion wall 6.4 Israeli colonies subject to expansion bids – 2011

Table 26: Approved bids for colonies expansions according to Governorate – 2011

13,016 Number of Other Governorate Units Structures Number of planned colonial units in the West Bank in 2011 - by location Jerusalem 13,016 20

Bethlehem 1,609 1

Ramallah 119 0

Salfit 654 2

Qalqiliya 42 0

Total 15,440 23 1,609 654 Source: information gathered by LRC from various 119 42 Israeli Organizations Israeli Governemnt, peace now, and Israeli newspapers) Jerusalem Bethlehem Ramallah Salfit Qalqiliya

Legalizing 11 Israeli Colonies In 2011, the Israeli Occupation Authorities decided to legalize 11 Israeli colonies and give them licenses despite the fact that all form of colonization on Palestinian lands is illegal.

65

The wall strangling Shufat Camp; Pisgat Ze’v can be seen on the right

6.5 The Israeli Annexation and Expansion Wall (segregation wall) On June 23, 2002, the Israeli Government approved the construction of a wall over the northern, western, and southern borders of the West Bank to separate between the West Bank and “Israel”. The Israelis claimed that the wall is necessary for security reasons, a claim that is used for every Israeli war, house demolitions, prohibitions, and any other sort of violation. In truth, the wall was just another mean to annex and capture as much Palestinian land as possible as well as deporting as many Palestinians as possible. According to International law, the legality of the wall might have been discussed if it was build over the armistice line drawn after the Israeli conquest of Palestine in 1948 to separate between Israel and the rest of the West Bank and Gaza. However, the snake-shaped wall penetrated the West Bank to amend as much lands as possible to the borderless “State of Israel”. Chapter 6: Colonial expansion and the Israeli annexation and expansion wall Table 27: Information on the Wall

• 757,800 meters long wall • 268,500 meters of planned sections

• 37,890 dunums were confiscated for construction • 8,128 meters added to the original plan purposes • 573,950 of Palestinian lands were isolated on the • Isolated 90 Palestinian community (44 were com- western side of the wall pletely isolated) • 139 Palestinian communities are less than 200 meters • The wall’s route is 456,646 meters long away from the wall

• 32,654 meters are still under construction

The wall annexed 74 Israeli colonies; in addition, the Israelis set a 200-meter security buffer zone for the security of the wall itself; consequently, 150,000 dunums of lands became inaccessible. The head of the Economy Committee in the Israeli said that the estimated cost of the wall will be around 3.4 billion USD, around 2 million USD per km. The wall was not based on any border lines or agreements; it penetrated the West Bank deep to annex as much lands as possible, mostly agricultural lands. The wall is formed of cement wall (8 meters high and even more in some areas), trenches, fences, roads, barbered wires, electric fences, iron gates, and watchtowers. The shape of the wall is different; it is an 8-meter-high cement wall nearby Palestinian towns and villages and a fence in agricultural lands. The Land Research Center had observed construction of the wall in 5 areas of the West Bank in 2011, these include: 66 ˆˆ Tulkarm, on May 22, 2011, bulldozers levled 587 dunums in Jabara Village (western and north western parts). ˆˆ Bethlehem, over 100 dunums were leveled for laying foundation of the wall section in Beit Jala and al Walaja. ˆˆ On Novemeber 1, 2011, over 130 dunums of ‘Azzun ‘Atma lands were destroyed to lay foundation for the law; 500 olive trees were uprooted in the process. Over 2626 dunums of Palestinian lands were confiscated for modifying the wall route in 2011.

The route of the segregation wall in Al Walaja, work started in September ,2011 - Bethlehem

Olive trees uprooted for the construction of the wall Al Walaja, Bethlehem Chapter 6: Colonial expansion and the Israeli annexation and expansion wall

A section of the segregation wall - Qalqiliya

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Greenhouses to be leveled for the construction of the wall - Qalqiliya Chapter 6: Colonial expansion and the Israeli annexation and expansion wall Table 28: Modifications on the wall’s route

Date Location Parcels Confiscated Military order number October 13, 2011 Bethlehem Beit Jala 37 T/08/11 Bethlehem 37 May, 2011 Jerusalem Parcels 3,4, and 6 – Abu Dis 476 December 5, Jerusalem Qalandiya 400 2012 Jerusalem 876 Parcel 6Irq al Theeb, Bin Hariz, T/27/04 extension 2, border modifica- April 4, 2011 Safa 105 Ad Deir tion 3 Parcel 2 - Al Ras, Khallit Abed T/48/04 extension 2, border modifica- April 4, 2011 Deir Qiddis 53 Rabbu, and Jany al Kafr tion 3 Al Midya, Parcel 2 - Najma, Amira, and T/42/07 extension 2, border modifica- April 4, 2011 65 Ni’lin Misht al Irq tion 3 Parcel 2 - Al Wijh al Gharbi T/05/17 extension 2, border modifica- April 4, 2011 Abud 113 and Al Wijh al Qibli tion 3 Parcel - Al Tarfana 2 T/04/83 extension 2, border modifica- April 4, 2011 Ni’lin Parcel - Al Hareeq, Aqbat Bir 72 9 tion 3 Ren, Batn al Jahour Beit ‘Ur at Parcel 2 - the playground T/02/55 extension 2, border modifica- April 4, 2011 Tihta Beit Parcel 5 - plot 5 4 tion 3 ‘Ur al Fuqa Parcel 2 - Habayel Sinan, Al Forken, Al Wahs, Ad Daher, Khallit al Miqsar, Al Maghar, T/04/04 extension 2, border modifica- April 4, 2011 Bil’in 128 Al Mazar, Abu Shawa, Alm- tion 3 esteh, Al Hamesh, Harayeq 68 Zyad Ramallah 540 Qalqiliya, 57,71,61,62,29,1,3-7,21-23,66, 71, T/31/02 extension 2, border modifica- March 23, 2011 76 Habla 30-32, 14, 15, 18 tion 3 Al yad al Gharbi, Jabal Odeh, Sineria Khallit Hres, As Suwwana 20-26 / 1, 8, 10, 15, 25-30, 279 – 285, 287 – 292, 121, 372, 433 March 23, 2011 Habla – 441, 430, 450 – 460, 466 – 469, 224 T/35/02 473 – 483, 485, 487, 489, 491, 539, 571 Khirbat Ash Sheikh Moham- mad, Al Jazla Ad Drejat, Yubek, Al Kashef, Al Morouj, Khallit al Maghrebi, Jayyus Khallit abu Samha, Wad Yousef, Al ‘Aqd, Wadi al March 23, 2011 Hashwa, Safhet Dibs 473 T/35/02 Abu Jaz, Khirbit Jabr al Abeer, Falamya Al Karm al Kabeer, Khallit Bsela November 1, Qalqiliya ‘Azzun ‘Atma 400 2011 Qalqiliya 1,173

Total 2,626 Source: Field Observations – Monitoring Israeli Human Rights Violations Team – LRC (statistical report - 2011) Summary & Recommendations

Summary and Recommendations Every day Palestinians are being exposed to new methods for taking over their lands and natural resources and they are being hit with further movement restrictions in order to force them out of their lands whether to other parts of Palestine or even outside. That is all being done to create a larger Israeli State and to impose further discrimination, the type of discrimination that is being fought against all over the world. Before this bitter reality, the Land Research Center humbly tried to represent the most damaging Israeli violations against Palestinian lands and the Palestinian right to residence. We stand to warn of and recommend the following:

1. On an International level

ˆˆ The International laws and resolutions are paralyzed and now is the time to decide if they will survive or simply crumble.

ˆˆ The nations’ integrity and credibility is being largely questioned around the world.

ˆˆ The United Nations has become an American and Israeli puppet and now is the time to rescue it before it falls apart; the Palestinian cause is critical factor here.

2. On the Arab and Islamic World Levels ˆ Condemnation and objection speeches are far from satisfying; Palestine and its sacred ˆ 69 sites is a collective responsibility for all the and Muslims. 69

ˆˆ Jerusalem is a holy place for Muslims and Christians; pilgrimage to the City to stand together with your Palestinian brothers is not an act of normalization, yet, it is an act of support.

ˆˆ The Palestinian people are not supposed to be held to ransom; the Arabs and Muslims all around the world must provide all types of support to fight against an enemy which have unlimited resources.

ˆˆ Full support for construction in areas classified ‘C’ according to Oslo Accords and the Occupied City of Jerusalem is priority number one where no economic feasibility is questioned but the confrontation and the struggle.

3. On the national Palestinian level

ˆˆ The Palestinians are the Guardians of these lands; their assigned by God and must remain strong despite the difficulties.

ˆˆ Unity of the land and Unity of the people is the core of our struggle; whoever deviates from this is a criminal.

ˆˆ The Palestinian people’s agenda is an agenda headed towards independence and riddance of occupation regardless of the methods.

ˆˆ The resistance means boycotting Israel all the time.

ˆˆ The land is the core of the struggle… whoever resides in it and farm it owns it…every Palestinian shall turn into a farmer every once and while and use his/her lands.