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Oenanthe Pleschanka

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Oenanthe Pleschanka Oenanthe pleschanka -- (Lepechin, 1770) ANIMALIA -- CHORDATA -- AVES -- PASSERIFORMES -- MUSCICAPIDAE Common names: Pied Wheatear; Traquet pie European Red List Assessment European Red List Status LC -- Least Concern, (IUCN version 3.1) Assessment Information Year published: 2015 Date assessed: 2015-03-31 Assessor(s): BirdLife International Reviewer(s): Symes, A. Compiler(s): Ashpole, J., Burfield, I., Ieronymidou, C., Pople, R., Wheatley, H. & Wright, L. Assessment Rationale European regional assessment: Least Concern (LC) EU27 regional assessment: Least Concern (LC) In Europe this species has an extremely large range, and hence does not approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the range size criterion (Extent of Occurrence 10% in ten years or three generations, or with a specified population structure). The population trend appears to be stable, and hence the species does not approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the population trend criterion (30% decline over ten years or three generations). For these reasons the species is evaluated as Least Concern in Europe. Within the EU27, although this species may have a restricted range, it is not believed to approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the range size criterion (Extent of Occurrence 10% in ten years or three generations, or with a specified population structure). The population trend is not known, but the population is not believed to be decreasing sufficiently rapidly to approach the thresholds under the population trend criterion (30% decline over ten years or three generations). For these reasons the species is evaluated as Least Concern in the EU27. Occurrence Countries/Territories of Occurrence Native: Armenia; Azerbaijan; Bulgaria; Cyprus; Georgia; Greece; Macedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic of; Moldova; Montenegro; Romania; Russian Federation; Serbia; Turkey; Ukraine Vagrant: Austria; Denmark; Finland; France; Germany; Hungary; Ireland, Rep. of; Italy; Luxembourg; Malta; Netherlands; Norway; Poland; Sweden; United Kingdom Population The European population is estimated at 23,700-107,000 pairs, which equates to 47,500-215,000 mature individuals. The population in the EU27 is estimated at 600-1,200 pairs, which equates to 1,200-2,400 mature individuals. For details of national estimates, see Supplementary PDF. Trend In Europe the population size is estimated to be stable. In the EU27 the population size trend is unknown. For details of national estimates, see Supplementary PDF. Habitats and Ecology This species typically occupies arid rocky desolate semi-desert, stony slopes, rocky outcrops, lightly wooded slopes, hilly pastures and fallow fields in flat and undulating steppe country as well as riverbanks, gulleys, crags and cliffs. Breeding is from early May in the Ukraine. The nest is a loose flat cup of coarse plant stems and rootlets, lined with fine stems, animal hair and wool and typically with a base and/or entrance platform of small twigs. It is set in a small cavity under a stone, or in the wall of a gulley, bank or building. Clutches are four to six eggs. It feeds on invertebrates, especially ants and beetles but supplements with fruit in the autumn (Collar 2005). The species is migratory, wintering in eastern Africa and south-west Arabia (Snow and Perrins 1998). Habitats & Altitude Habitat (level 1 - level 2) Importance Occurrence Artificial/Terrestrial - Arable Land suitable breeding Artificial/Terrestrial - Pastureland suitable breeding Forest - Temperate suitable breeding Rocky areas (eg. inland cliffs, mountain peaks) major breeding Shrubland - Mediterranean-type Shrubby Vegetation suitable breeding Wetlands (inland) - Permanent Rivers/Streams/Creeks (includes waterfalls) suitable breeding Altitude 1200-1800 m Occasional altitudinal limits Threats In Bulgaria, the species is known to hybridize with Oenanthe oenanthe where their ranges overlap, but this is not thought to be a serious threat (Hagemeijer and Blair 1997). Threats & Impacts Threat (level 1) Threat (level 2) Impact and Stresses Invasive and other Northern Wheatear Timing Scope Severity Impact problematic (Oenanthe Ongoing Minority (<50%) Negligible declines Low Impact species, genes & oenanthe) diseases Stresses Hybridisation Conservation Conservation Actions Underway CMS Appendix II. Bern Convention Appendix II. EU Birds Directive Annex I. There are currently no known conservation measures for this species. Conservation Actions Proposed No conservation measures are currently needed for this species. Bibliography Collar, N. 2005. Pied Wheatear (Oenanthe pleschanka). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. and de Juana, E. (eds.) 2014. Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. (retrieved from http://www.hbw.com/node/58543 on 30 March 2015). Hagemeijer, W.J.M. and Blair, M.J. 1997. The EBCC Atlas of European Breeding Birds: Their Distribution and Abundance. T & A D Poyser, London. Snow, D.W. and Perrins, C.M. 1998. The Birds of the Western Palearctic vol. 2: Passerines. Oxford University Press, Oxford. Map (see overleaf) .
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