At ·on IJank Trust ls Our MiddleName. Offering SolidTrust Service Since 1901.
Remy A. Leslie-President and C.E.O. BUNION BANK&TRUSTCOMPANY 60 COMMERCESTREET I MONTGOMERY,ALABAMA 36104 · I 205-265-8201 Member FDIC ALABAMA ..•
01989 $70.95
A thoroughly up-dated guide to crlmlna l trial practice including pre•trial practico with attention given to federnl constitutional law.
0 11188 $72.95
01988 $76.95
The new Second Edition is responsive to the * CTP Forms NOW acute need of the prootltionor f.o keep abreast of on DISKSl recent laws and caaes ns well QB Federal Income Tnx consideraUon11. New forms added plus existing forms altored t.o reflect state-or-the-a rt-,made more generolly applicable, with uichnical and literary improvements. 01988 $87 .93
Tbe new Second Edition retains Lhechal'acte r of the firs~ edition In its empha,lis, and, due to tho adven~ or tort Corms,treats the conatit-utlonalltyof atatut.oa limit.inf(damages .
THE~ HARRISONCOMPANY , PUBLISHERS 1-800-241-3561 3110 Croulno Park • PO Bo• 7600 • Norcro11, GA JOOSl -7500 88-HS The Alabaina a-w-yer •
VOL. 50, NO . 1 JANUARY 1989 t'utd11h,td """""'urn,,,,•"°'.,hy lhfl '-'•™m• ....,,.IIJ•t r1e re, lk>• •IS~ Mn,,~"""· 'II lhlOI l'!,n,r IJO\I I••I\ I J ~ A llulf""" ld1l1• On the cover- Executive Director's Report ... . S Jury.ugUnll!llt ,,n• "" "' " ~~t«N.l l )ft' ~' • -A.\IL"••trt (dlluf I Irr~ ,~ 5hor11Ja n M.11J,1tt1i. tn '""'"''"• rd,,,. 1lwee.i11Y bounllJri'-'> IOA•o Ot l OIIOti !tociOf t\ tfnt"l'n• rt •1~"'1,~1u,• cm f,,lrt'om11wiul SN· UMY 31, 1989, is Chim(' l y~, Ir, ~It.I!I,. • ll.i41t\•11toJ, \J~•rt "lhpinkh41ri, ''.A Sul'\'L'Vo( Alnb,,m,1 the last day to pur • ..... 18 "'"" ·~-· • lll'Ol,I""" l 11,a,# . .,...,,i.• ,.,,, L.iw Pl•rt,ll11i11j\to "'"' t"' c.m,h'f. 11111Ml,.•n• • ttol..iu ~ tJ,nn1,11tn, Mii,!l,.• 1-.• P 1,,.,.., tuw•l(lf,.. • And,..wr(.'~..i1i1111 f\lf (la~l11~A11tut11cn1\" chr1~ea sub ~crip- m1n•ti.,m• lhl.rw,I ('11Uon , llonh,th,tm • l<1W1•ht.. C114 by acn/~mPnT, Re,,,,; 1 11011 in the A1- 1tWII,1Uk.+t111!~ ~ r11,.Cu1yI! 11,~r,~1 ftltnt1111,1'4tm• W ,1nrlW llhmi H P•)'(lr, C,r-i.W;.111 1 t.,,,,,,• 1 •hh A Nn1m~11.M,:,..1a,1o1ril',Y • john J 1ornt!YS'ln 5urant e c~.,,.,,-.1,.• 1Jiu,1fn••1tm fr.. 1Ml!il'J, I OA"O l)f WMMll! l(INII \ IIAIION ""•'•• M ,,,,., Mutual of Ala· ,..1'.IOIWJfl!#IY OHIU IH,,rr C tlu,l;t,y lluohvill; r, • .,~•ol • Al•• r bJtTlil, Inc. before ra1,,., Rl,rnlnlli.r"i1,,,,.,10,111 ~1,._, • Pl~lllu r A+J•m~1 tl.1 the pricij inrreH~es. Qp,.1/,,,Vi c.~'""'"J,,,~ •R11•l1141U , I t•"'oti, M•u11,1111to,y, H"""'''IJl"fl)~NO,, ,. rf!M.- 111111)111NI ,~ n,11111,r1,., ..11• lUr"" II, C.l,!l1on1• JmJ l !u 111!11, 0,,yl I h1tmlo"1~ lityn~Oh1• tui (;.'11\'.UII.,.,nn MAllfUMlf',J,- 1\11(1,( l1yton• ~II) t!11UII, Ah.hit· r ft"'~"ff Wfm•• 1\h ru,,,11 ; I "wh • 1 t !,tt1111111,,KtlllrW"*" • ~jh t'l~ull. 1'11,• N,1 1 W,h111 f' ( 1\IW~•V"f, h1, C
2 January1989 President'sPage
oMlder the following from a retain thi5 entrenched po,ltion in the report of proceedings of the minds and eyesof our grenrhody polllic, CAloboma Smte Bar. fl.:inkedby cenlurie\ of wholesomeand sount.lp r'cKedent, dnd guardooJII ;irountl The decline of professionalism by fundamentalright and Jui.tlcclHn~ tht! ''We have said that the chief cause of history o( the recent p.i~t tought u~ that the lowortna of our standards was our people at large st.i,,d firmly f,1clng economics, due 10 the commercialism the sunlight of reason Jnd common whichpervodcHociety. We will now add sensein the comprehension of 1hevalue 1ha1the n<•xr mo~teffective cause Is the and position of our judlclill tribunals in (lXC'esslvenumber of lawyer.;. Like ill most their rel.1tionsto litigants and the coun• W\lry other Institution in Americil adopt• try In general?Or, hi!VI.'we reachedthat ed from older lands, the Americ:,in Bar, ~tatc of unrest which comes with the frel'Clfrom the ,e~trainingof an hbtorlc growing knowledge and consequent society,ha!. grown as it would, ungui 7he Alabl.lma Lawyer 3 quotes,how ever,are taken from J tatteredcopy of the ver batim Proceedingsof the Thirty-EighthAnnual Meeting of the AlabamaSta te Bur Associationheld July 9 and 10, 1915, law reform in the hall of the I louse of Representatives.Th e president "PerhapsnGVer before ha s therebeen s uch u general de of the bar ar that meeting wasR.iy Rushton,tind the trea mand for reforms In the law and In Its administration.The surer roportod total receipts during th~ year of $2,928.40, demand Is not now confined alone to the layman, but is with total disbursementsof $1,505.25. participatedin, too, ro a large ffi - NOTICE- The Judicial Award of Merit On July 15, 1967,th e Soard of Bar Comml~sioni:r:;of the Alabama Stat£!aar estahlish!!da Judicial award of mc:rlt with the thought that the award would be analogousto the ·~ward of Merit" ~iven yearly recogni7ing outst.lnding serv1ce by lawyers to the hM. Ben H. Harris, Jr., t·hen-presldent of lhe state bar, appointed auorneys Oliver I lead of Columbiana; fournler J. Gale, Ill, o( Birmingham; and David A. Bagwell of Mobile to study the possibilities co11corr,l11gs uch .in awMd, and make r12comm 4 /unuary1989 ExecutiveDirector's Report Two Down-Sixteen to Go honestly had l'Xperted that nfter available, but we will seeso me of those Septl!mburI would never fod corn· c.irriers withdrawing altogether again I pc:illcd 10 dcvola .inorhcr mcss,,8c from the market. to the bar\ captlvc ln~ur,rnce offort. Un· I havl.! been greatly encouraged to fortunately, I mubl, notice!th at 20 pQrCllfil of 1h os1.1who pur This Is being written at the clO!.C o( ch.iscd units never Indicateds upport by phase II (October I, 1988, through No, survey or by makinga $125 contribution vernbc-r30, 1988,) of our sub~crlptlon f'f· to the start-up funds.Di scouraging, how• fort. We nl.'ed802 more~ubc.criberc. be ever, are the over-640 persons who in• fore we can break 05crow and betJin dicated they would support this under YOUK company. We mu$I not let thh tilklng hul who, to d;ite, h;ive not. C<'ln· c:iffortdi e; the bcnt'Ott o you, the l,,wyers didly, we relied on your word~ of c.up HAMNER of AldbJmd, 1i. too i.ignlOc:.int. port when we stepped forward In form Already our st.irt,up effort hJs cau~<.'tl ing Attorneys Insurance Mutual of AIJ· a drop in the commNclal rate~. Th,~ has bama, Inc. happenedevcrywhNe a captive ha~ be Please take the time to carefully con• gun. The commercial carriers do not sider this issue.We spent over SS0,000 want u~to succeed,and we exrwctto we on mailings,and our Ion four presidents further reduction~.Wl' will be nhlo to have written almost monthly to advise compete-and favor.ibly-for our you of progre'is and encourageyour sup To those of you who legllimately feel Insured~. port. In spite of these efforts to c:ommu· you c,:in w,,lt umllpre sent coverageco n Between now and J,1t1u,uy 3 l , 1~69 , nlc:atcthe goals and advantagesof our dition> declinP, you still am ~upport this tho bar cornt11l~slo11cn.,th o AIM Board of own llablllty lhsurancc con,pany, a effort at mlr,lmnl fronl-t!nd cost. We still Dlrectors and some of those who .ilrcocly shocking number o( lawyers have told h.ive over $775,000 available In our hovecommitted th emselves to this under• those c;illlng on them, "I have never crcdll fadlity Bji1ti111,t which each lawyer lilklng wil l urge your support. Tho~ep oo, heard or this undertaking." Fortunately, can borrow $ 1,250 of the current $1,400 pie .ire Just ac;bu sy asyou MOs holild not mnny of lhose persons have responded unit cost. You con borrow the majority have ro heg you 10 help yoursolr. mo$1fnvornbly when they havetnk en the of your 1111ilcm t, ond 18 or 24 rnonths We know lnltl,11ly lhNo are some time to listen and learn. from now you mny find our companyo(. firms, bec.iu~co r oxcl!l,~limit ~. we cc1n I appreciate the reluctance of some or forlng thr only affordable source of not cxpC!ctto ~orvcrully, IJutwe want 10 our member$ to buy nto a company coverage.PIC' 1m•considN helping AIM appeal to your ~cmc of profcsslonalbrn which h,h no policy form to show or a now ~o It wlll be iwail..ible to help you to buy Into this criort that can benefit all rating table for coverage, but bc:illeveme , In the future. Alab.ima lawyersIn the long term. Be a<;,, those o( us working In lhls effort would AIM needs you and your support sured that the commercial market will not bedoing so if the resultsin our sister NOW. I am not asking you to do some-· tighten og.1in. Not only will we 5t>ee\ca. jurisdie1ion5 which have such com· thing I hove not done myself. It Is two h1tingpremium cons wht•re coverageI-; J) r/w Alabam.i /.awyrr 5 AboutMembers, Among Firms ABOUT MEMBERS Roger M. Monroe announct!~ the Harvey B. Morri$, Chdrll:SR. Smi~h, George E. Jones, Ill , (ormerly staff reloc(\tion of his office to 315 Frank Jr., Thomas H. Siniard, Joseph M. attorneyto the Honomble Henry B. Nelson BuilcHng,Birmingham, Ali!· Cloud and Dougl,lS J. Ft!cs .i1111ou11ce S1e111:1c1H,It, .tssodatl! Ju~Uce of the Su b<11111135203. Phone (205) 324-44L14. the (orrm1lion of Morri s, Smith, preme Cour t orAlabt1ma d1H1ou 11rn~ & Fees, effective 1 • Sininrd, Cloud P.C. that he hab b!:!c:omtJa11 a!.sl$ tanl at· D.ivid Elliott Hodges .mnour1cob August 1, 1988. Of(lcesMP locnterl .:it torncy geno,.11for the State of Ala 300 <:,;linton Stree1 West, the opening of his new ofnce locatud 1 Alabama bama.His new .1cldtessb Office of rhc FerJerala"nk Building, I luntsviI l e, nt 2200 Clly Federal Building, Birm Alabama. Phone (205) 5.34-0065. Attorney General, Alobama State ingham,Al11hama 352.03. Phoni" (205) House, 11S0u th Union Str1;1et, Mont 328-9000. • gQniery,A labomn 36130. Phone (205) Ralph W. Hornsby, David H. 261-7300. Meginniss and S,A. Watson, Jr., AMONG FIRMS • announn! the form11tio11of t he fim1of David A. G.lrllnkel wa~admlt1ed to Hornsby,W atson & Meginnis, at Suite Lauren L, Becker announces the the Florido Bar S0µto111bur21, 1988. 133, ParkPlaza, 303 WIl lla,11s A\lanuf:I, Perry 5trui!L1 Montgomery, Alabflmil Alabama 36602. Phone (205) 4 32· E.:isttilth Street,P ,O. Box 1493, Ja~pur, 36104.Phone (205) 265-8671. 4401. Alab<111111"15502. Phone (205) 221- • • 438;-J. 6 Janu{Jry 1989 Robcrl Wyeth lee, Jr., .ind G. Cily fl1 Thomils Sullivan an11ou11u•the forma At.1b,1rn.:i35203. Phone (205) 25+ Of th!.!flr111 1 with Offic;e$IOCAIC.' t ion of ,1partnership <111dllu• opening .11lll5. Unlvor~ltyBoulware!, S1.1ite700 1 Cilp tlf thl!ir officp M 310 Nonh 2ht Stroet, ltol ParkCt1 nter, Tu~caioos,1,Al, 1hnn1,1 Jrd I loor; Birml11i;h,1m,A labt1111a Ford, Caldwell,• Ford & Payne ,incl 35401. 1510 I. Phone (:Wc;J 121-1061 Lanier & Shaver, P.C. ,,nnouncc the con~olidatlon of the firm.-.under the PetcB & lo ckeU,• P.C. announce~ F,1irficld, Farrow•, Hunt, Reecer & nanw Lmier, Ford, Shaver & Payne, lhal A. Joan Connolly h.i~bee-om<' as Strot1 .,nnounw th,11R .R. f l(Ml(!rs1 Jr., P.C. socl,1wd with the ilrm. OrricE'~.ue lo• fomwrly an .,ttornry w!rh the officeof cated .11 160 South Cedar Slret>t, P.O. tlw Jw·Jge Advo,,11cGtinl!ral of the Thi.'firm o( Wat•so n, G.immons & Drawer1129, Mobllll , Alab11mil36(113. United StiltesAir Force,I,., ~ becorYu.l Fees, P.C. /lnnounces th,1t Rich.ird Phone (205) 432-3700. J~!>ociated with thf' flrn,. Offlcas c1w Dwolynl'Mink h.is bec:oml•Jqsocia rcd lot;,HL'tit:11 Union Sq~we, 111Gold with the.•firm. Officp\ art>located JI Fr.ink Leon .mnounces• the wlot;a- Avc11uu1 S0uthe<1st,Albuf!uerque, 107 North Sidu Square, Hunrwill e, tlon of hb prnclice of law to tlw firm Nlw M1.1xico. Al,1b,1m,135 801. Phone (205) 536- o( Drinkard, Sherling & York, 1070 • 742 i. Gowrn111l'l1tStrePt, Mobile , Al.1h,1ma Coilh·, H@ln1~ing, Lyon~ & Sim5 • 36604. Phon!l (205) 432-3531. ;innotmces th.ti the n,1111uha~ bePn 1 hf;!firm of Bryant & de Ju,m ,111- chanf(Pd to Coale, Helmsing, Lyons, noun(()Sthat Rosemary de Juan has ·rhr firm or Mcrrlll• & Harrison an• Sims & Leach, ,ind th,11 John M. ,11,1rri11d 11ndc hangecl ht11namt! to nounct:<,thJt Gary A. Hudgln) h,1,bP. Green, John J. Crowley,Jr. , Joseph D. Ro~cm..iry de Juan Chambers: lherl! come ,1 p.1r1ner,which will continue Steadman ano Joseph P. H. Babington rort•, th!.'firm now will be ~nown as undtir the n,1meof Merrill, HJrrlson h,1Vi.!bl!come a~soC'iates.The 010cc Bryant & Chamber~, with ornces at & Hudgins. Offices are locawct,11 119 m,1ill11gc1ddr(!!,s i~ l~O.Rox J.767,Mo· Suitt: 1107, Rivervil-!WPl,u,1, (i 3 South S0u1hO,,tl''> Street, Dothan, Al,1b,1r11,1 l.,ll(.',Alabarnc1 36652. Phone (205) RoyalS tu•pt, Mobilu, Ali1h,1ma.Phone 36301. Phone (205) 792-00ul. •U.2•5521. (205) •131-4671. The /lrm of Conr•ad, Hammond & H,wn'iworth, 8,,ldwln• , MIies, John- 1 he offlces 0f G.• Daniel Evans .in Barlar ,1nr1ounco~th.it Ann 8. Curt ,on, Greaves & Edward!>,P .A. and nouncl-!rhe a~50<:iatio11ol I(. Edward right h,h become an as~od,1111.fhe Haynsworth, Baldwin, MIi~. John!,On Sexton, II, with o(ficeslot, tll'C! ,11 1736 m;i1ltng,1cldrt'SS rs P.O . Box J045, Mo & Harper announrl' lh,tt W. Melvin Oxmuor Road, Birmingh,1n1,Ala bile, 1\l,1b11m;i36652. Phone (205) H.,a~, Ill, has joint.'\ are locatrd ..irSuite 800, 36104 . Phone (205) 63-t..1111. that lw now 1~a nwn1lwr of tht:i firm P.11~f 1i.1te rower, 200 1 P,1,kPl,Ku ol Simmermon & Morg,m, located ar Notth, Birn11ngham, Al,1bor11.i15203. Wilson & King• annou11cc, th.ii D. 444 !>t•;ibree,eBoull •v,i,d, !:iultl!445, f'hon<'(l05l 322-8880. Michael Sawyer, rormerlyl aw t..lr,k1 0 IJnytonA Beach, Florid,132018. Pho1i<1 the I lo11ordbll~Arthur J . Hnnes,J,., ha!i (904) 253-00• 10, ThP firtn o( Sh•elb y & CJrtce ,,n- becortir ,1%0cl,lh!d with lf1L'firm. or. 11oum t>\ thar Jonathilll W. C.1rlt!C has (ic;('~ .ire locatcu ,It 1816 B;inkhrad Hare, Wynn, Newell• & Newton ,In· b,•rnnw ,111,15~oci.ite ol lhl' flrm Of Byars BuildIng, Jd~per, Al,1b,1ma nounu~i. that P.ltrick M. l.1vctte hai. fh.t!, rtrl! loc.,ted at 2958 Rhodl', Or 35501, pho11e (l05) 221-4&40,;m rl lwco111e.111 J!t\oc fa ll>, wilh of(icp, lo lil•, Hirm111gh;im, Al,il>,1111.JJ5l05, 1905 Mth Avenue, South, Bmntng· r,llt'd ill 7th Floor,City ~eduralBuild phone(205) 933-8383, """ Suite 122. h.im, Al..thilmi'I35205, phone (lOS) ing, Birmingham, Al,1G,1111tt35203- Al.th,\111,1fl!deral BIiI I di 11g, Tu6• 93o-9nm 3709. Phnnt' (201:i)J28-5 HO. r;iloosn, Alabama 35401.Pho rw (205) 759·1!l54. Reams, Vollmer•, Philips, KIiiion, Morrh & Vann,itll1Clllfl~t•!, • th.it Cln• Brooks & Schell, P.C. annqtmres 1h,1t dee Dale Holme, hn\ htYome as~o llw firm of Tan•ner , Guin, Ely, Llry A. lewl5 Phillps, Ill, h,b beto111ea~ ctated with the frrm loc-.11eciJI 1707 & Neiswender, P.C. a.,nouncl', that sorn1t<'flwith the firm. 0(/itl!\ .trl.' lo- / Ile Alnbnma Lawyer 7 c,1ted at the Pill ans.Robert~ Building, The fl rm of Patterson & Jester Armstrong haw O('( oml' ,m od,1tl'd 3<>62Dauphin Street. Mobile, Al,1- .iMourH.l·~ that Robert Will son with the firm. omces art• located al bama. Phcine(205) 344-4T.ll. Jenkins has become i'JS\Ocl,11ed with 2125 Morrl !» Awnu~ , Birmingham, the firm . Officpc; ,ire !orated at 117 Alaban,a 35203 . Phone (205 ) • Mobrle Plalil, Florence, Alab,1mt1 2S0-8400. Jull,m B. Brackin, Jr., and Thomas 3'i610. Phone (205) 764-.3941. O. Bear ,1nnounce rhr formation of R. Michael Leon•ard h,1~ b<'come., th+'firm 0 ( Brac:;kin & Bear. The m,111· N.illar, Denab•ur g, Meyerson, portner In thr flrm or\o\bmbl c, Car• Ing addres~,~ P .O.Box 899, Foley,Al,\ Z..rz.tur, Max, Wtlght & Schwartz, lyle, Sandridge & Rice al It~WinM0n bam.136536 , .ind th€!officu .iddrc~s P.C., 2125 Morris Avenul', Blrmlns· S11lern, North C,1rolln;i, o((ictt. Ofncl.!~ Is 201 North Abton StnM, FolL,Y, h,101, Alabama, announ<.e\th,11 Rob are loc;ited 111 1()00 One Triad Park, Alabama 36535. Phont! (20S) 943. ert H. Adams, Jr., hM be{ome n mem· 200 West ~oncl Street, Wln!iton 4040 . bet of the firm, and W. James Elll !iOn, Salern, North Cdrolln,1.!71 0:.?. Phone • Micha.el C. Graffeo and Allan L. (919) 721-3600. • - NOTICE- Alabama Hospital Law Manual The Alabama Hospital Association ls contemplating updating the 1982 Alabama Hospital Law Manual, a comprehensive manual relating to various laws and regulations governing a wide range of health-relatedarea s. This manual includes chapters on licensure, taxation, certificate of need, organization of hospital authorities and boards, and progfams for indigents, physicians, pharmacists and other occupations. Since 1982, there havebeen a number of new health-related statutes passed by the Alabama Legis lature, as well as a number of i'lmendments. Fore xample, the I lealth Care Authorities Act has been amended, the vital statistics laws have been amended and comprehensive malpractice legislation was passed last year. With this In mind, the Alabama Hospital Association may undertake to publish the ma,,ual In a new edition, If enough purchase commitments are made. For more Information regarding orders and costs, contact Frank Willi ford at (205) 272-8781 or 1-800-392-5631. Attention Alabama Attorneys: W1~ :irt~ 111 11t~ed of lrc1~11st>d. pri1cl1c: 111~1Al;iln111;i ;itt()lfll'YS wl10 cll,11q1• n·;i:.;011alllt~ tillr!s for dt•fl'tldll)CJ t1aff1c C:d'.,(!'., illlcl l('IHlPrllHJ (J('IH'ldl COIJ~;t1IJ;1t1011S('IVIC\''..; f OJ ;idditronal 11ilu1 r11.1t1011. please c:011t.1ct Cl1:11 Hyclt•rr r11: - P;i1d Leqal St-!IVIC<'S. Ille PO Uux l·l~i Acl,l. O-< r:IB:.>U ('105) tl.\f:i- I :.>:Iii 8 J,inuary 1989 A Surveyof AlabamaLaw Pertainingto ClosingArguments by Benjamen T. Rowe 111-sl!M!d . Judge Gewin',; advice on this do wllh money.The se Include rdcrences and William H. Pryor, Jr. Issue Is worth repe.itlng: 10 the wealth or povertyof lltlgants, the "'fl'lnls ore r,1rely, l( O'ltlr,perfect, bur nnonclnl Interestso( Jurors, the avc1lloblll Introduction gros~ln1f')Orfeet ions should not go un ty or insur.incc, the nature of corpora· There ls a widely accepted belief that noticed. In every case Involving Im· tlons and i rrelev..int foctof!. regarding proper al'l!umentol counsel we are damages. Others seek to capltallze on closing argumentsin Alabama arc sub confrontt'd with relativity and the jecl to no ,e~trictions,o ther perhapsth an d!!grN 10 which such conduct may jury sympathies and preJudices.So me tho~e pertaining to Ras~I<.·Roy als and hove Mfected the ~ubq;inllalright> of are plain a11emptst o subven judlcinl Tl.')(,1~01.-'ath M atches, ond 11rguments [n party). II is better to followthe rules rules. In Cilchinstance, Alabama ca~e faw routinely proceedaccording ly. Too m11ny th.in 10 try to undo whol has been provides 11umerou1o,Ind o(tw, colorful done. Olherwlses tmcd, one 'cannot cxamplos. lawyers,bci ng ignornnlof th<'lilw or ex• unrlngn bcl I'; nnd nnnlly,'If you1h fow pee.tingtheir effortst o b!l frultlt!s~,do not a !>ktt11kln10 the Jurybox , you can't ln A. Comments on wealth and poverty object to the mmt flagr,intly lnappro sfM 'I tho Jury not to \mcll It~' References 10 il party'~ flnancial status prioic conimenlS, 3nd when objections Dunn v. UnitedStates, 307 F2d 883, 886 arc Improper."(L)ia bilityfor damages•.. are made too often thay ore dbmlsscd (5th Cir. 1962). must validly be deuumlnt.'d by the rules wllh the all-purposerespon se, "It's dtgU · ~r 100yea~ ago,)u!>ticc S tono o( the o( lcgJl lloblllty applicable, and not (byJ men11 I'll nllow it:' In foct, there Is a vast Alnb11n,aSupmn1c Court ,;ild : "11ls one volume>of AIAbama low dealing with o( the highest Judicial funcllom, to ~ce the economic condftlo,, of ulthcr party!' dosi ng argument. ll could be Improved. the lnw lmparti11lly ildmlnl~tercd, and Al/Ison v. Acton•EtllerldgcColl i Co., Inc., to prevent, as (ar as possible, all Im II l\ \Omerlrnesco ntradlctQry;1nd confus 269 Aln. 443, 447, 268 So.2d 725, 729 proper, extraneouslnllucnccs from (19n) . Examplesare nearlye ndlessin the ing. but it exists and provides n reason. Ondlng their way Into 1h1•jury-lJox." Alabama cases.An obviously Improper ,1bly c.lcJr-and strict-,et of rules for 'Nolffcv. Minnis, 74 Ala 386, 389 !1883). rufcrcnce to a party's On11ncl11Istat us conducting argument Thb !otJtemc.nt Is an appropriate in fOIIOW!,; This ilfli clc addresses 13 common troduction to a survL>yof the law of clos "I rt'Pti.iSCnl county l)llople and poor types o( Improper arguments,rnd con ing arguments In Alnb~rna. people before1h11 iury, .ind Mr. Dom• rains .1 Ruide to dealing with them In Ini ck, 1hc de(end~nt's lnw~r, rcpre~ent~ court The al1thors' primary purposeI s to I. A baker 's do ze n Improper corpor,11lons; and, In the n~ ycnrsof provideexomp le~ of these argum<'.'ntsand arguments my prc1CIIC0 di tho Cclumb,ana BarI ~how how Alabama courts have dealt hove ,1lw;iys been rcpruscmlnt1poor We havedivided ex.impI es of frequent• people.• • • I repl'l!Sson a basis1pproximatlng justice WIii/am H, Pryor, a~nearly as possible,and 10 Impresspar Benjr1menr. Rowe Jr., Is an Jssociate llcipan1~ilnd ob~eM'~ with a sense of Is .i p,mner with w/lh Cabt1nlss, th~ dignity and maje~ty of the law and the Mob/le firm of Johnston, CarcJncr, the.,lt11:111I proces s. For the5e reasons, Cabaniss, John Dumas& O'Nca/. ston, CMdner,Du• ~ ·-...... _lie ,~a 1987grod· dll10 n ~ others, emplQVs trict eviden- we n1a)& O'Nea/. /-le 1lary rules (or the conduct of Irials. There • • - uate of TulaneLow /$ ,1 1972 grnduaw of 1/10 /Jnlverslty School where he was edltor•ln•chlt>f ls little point In employlne these rules of AlabamaSchool of l.Jw, wile,.,.he of thc Tulane Law Review t1nd a during trial, however, I( the courtroom Is w,u Alabamaeditor of thr AlabJn,.i memberof Order of rhe Coli. During to be transformedin to a free-Orezone for Law Review and a membC'rof the 1987·88,he wa) a law clerk 10 Judge clo~ln14argument, where Ju~tice and Order of the Coif. John Minor Wisdom. re~pcct for the law can hardly be more Tlw Alabama Lawyer 9 AlabamaFuel & Iron Co. v. Bennante,11 In Llnders v. Long, 53 Ala.App. 340, counsel rem/Irkedthat, "Liberty National Ala.App. 644, 648, 66 So. 942, 943 300 So.2d 112, 114(1974), the trl;il court is a vary wealthy company; a man stole (1914). Another clearly improper argu comrnllled reversible error In overruling a nilllion dollars up there a week ago:' ment Is found in Horton v. Continentill an objection to this question by the hi Metropolitan LifeIn s. Co.v. Carter,212 \.tilk$wagen,382 S().2d 551, 552 (1980): plaintiff's counsel to his cllent, "LY]ouare Ala. 212,213, 102 So. 130, 131 (1924), the "Nowwe expectthe evidenceto show, o roor mi!n?" The court In Pryor v. court reversedwh ere counsel arguedthat ladies andgent lemeno( the jury, that LimestoneCo unty, 225 Ala. 540, 540, i( the jury gavethe plain1i (( "everyni ckel (tho dofondantJ Continental Volks 144 So. 18, 18 (1932),h eld, notwithstand claimed • .. it would not hurt· this defen wagen,o smallprlv,11e do,nestk co rpo ing that the trial court had sustained an 10 January19tl9 record ~hOWC'dtho:11 onl! of ll~c 'xpl'rl!,hnd wll l not h<'M! 10 pay the judgment." 265 Al,1. 468, 469, 91 So.2d 828, 828 in fact been hired by the defendant In Earhornc v. Sltlcc Fc11rt1Mut . Auto. Im.. (1956).And , "IW]oulcln'tyou feel tlm the 100 C.ISC!t, CompMc lhCSl! Ci!)OS with Co.. 40•1So.2d 682, 683 (Alil 1901). It b pcopk• you paid to protE'Ct you should Windil.Jm v. Ncwcon, 200 Ai,,. 258, 259, error to allow "testimony to show, or tJkl! cctrtlof thl~ child In some way:'Co l 76 So. 24, 25 (1917),in whiC'h 1he coun tending to ~how.that defend(lnl was in· quou v. WIii/am-. 264 AIJ. 214, 221, 86 said, "(l'J<1rti<•-.haw ii right to try their clt!mnified in the premi~es, in any degree So.2cl38 1, J87 (1956).And . .,, don't ilSk t-auses on illegal l>vidcncc if they ~o or fashion, by an in~urance rnmp;my:• you to hurt ,mybody ,ind you won't. You de~iw,and if they try It on ~uchevidence, Co/que ll v. Williams, 264 Ala. 214,222, return folrcompensntion t o her and that cou,hcl haw a right to .1rgul! II ..• :• 86 So.2d 381, 387 (1956) quoting 51.Jnd 1\ $200,000.00. You won't run anyone:• Thl! AIJbam.i courb very ofl,, dog" not v. Crawford, 361 So.2d 518, 521 (Alil. <'.Omc~ frorn, wt• will meet hlm on it:' cr..idlcatcdby rcrrnctlc>n, ~11~1olnlng of ol). 1978). In bhort, any argument of counsel A/,1bJ!llJPowN Comp,wy ~.Smit h, 273 J12ctlon and rl'buke of cour l); />ryor v. rog,1rdi11gth!! availability of ln~ur,1ncl"I~ Al,1. 509, 5.l4, 142 So.2d 228, 243 (1962). Limestone:Cou nty, 225 Al,1.540, 14'1So. ontlrcly lrnpropcr, but set• Ala. Cotle In MMht•ws v. '/uscalnosaC ounty, 421 §12·21-4S (Supµ. 1988) which provides 18 (1932)hcc ,1bovel1 fJlrmlnHll,1mW.1tcr 1 So.lei 98 (Al,1. 1ga2)1 however, a simllar \MJrk~Co. v. Williams, 220 Alu. 2081 289, that evidence thot medical bllls havo rebuttnl arsumcnt ,1ppnr<'ntly Wctb 153 So.268, 268 (1933)(rcfc 1uncub1 0 tho been or wi ll be pafd is competent. dl~allowed. St•t> aim Co/qucu v. pOV!'!rtyof the plnlntHf, tho power of the ThC'policy of thls rule Is c.:lc.11. As st<1tl>d Willh1m~, 264 Ala. 214, 86 So.2d 301 dcfend;ml nnd tlw l11<.>lev,1nt fact of the in St.indridse v. Martin, 203 Ala. 486, (!9S6); LloyclNo l.ind roundutlon, Inc. v. defend,mt\ cu lling off of w,:iter to it~ 486-87. 84 So. 266, 267 <1919): 11,lfrl~, 295 Ala. 63, 67, J22 So,2d 709, custome"' wc1,''o f thrll r l,,~sof argument "Thrrl.'can i>CatC('ly l)i' mMfo11, .1 Jury 712 (AIJ. 1975) ("what's good for the that cannot Ix, er.icl1c,1trci'?. H11tse<•, e>.g., a moreseductive ,ind i11sidioussugges goose Is good for the gandl!r"). D<1n/elComrrucr/on Co. v. Pi<'rrc, 270 tion than tfldl..1 ~rtlfct for tl:ima)ie-; . The tour! In P,,rker v. '#ii/lams, 267 Ala. S.l2, 5.30,120 So.2cl .i8 1, .387( 1959) wlll Ix· vl~lted,not upon (the) defcn• Al,1. 12, 15, 99 So.2d210, 2 12-2130957), (where the court clct•mt' BrothersCom 1r11c1/011Co, v. Ro!>C1 274 Alr1.429, 4:19,149 So.2d821, 832 (1962) Matement thllt ,J $25,()00wrdlct 1'woulcl not bu a , lap on tlw leg" held eradka ted). "11Jhc l ntcr)t'ction o( weolth ForensicMeteorology & Oceanography Into t1 trlnl •.• b nol pN ,e In· eradicable ... EuchCili>l! mu~l bo dedd NASII C. ROBERTS, JR. CONSULTANTS, INC. ed In llght of the pccull.ir fo<.:b.rnd dr has over 40 year, experienceIn forenelomotoorology and forensicocean• cum~tances involwcl .•• ," G<.'ntH.JI ography. We havoa $la/I of matureand experienced scientists w it'1Im FfnnnccCorp. v. Smltll, SOSSo.2d 1045, peccablecredentials In all of the otmosphoricond ocoo.nogrophicd fsclpliflOll, 1049 (Aln. 1987). Thoso nationally recognizedpro fessionalsare copabfa of conducting Involvedinvestigations. reconstruct ing woothorond mar ina conditionsany· whore In tho world,and are eminentlyqualif ied lo appearin experttestimony . B. Insurance "II l~ ,l gencr<1Iruk• of lonK·'>lilndlnK Air Qu~Hty •• Wnter Quality •• Hydrology th.:11It b 1.irrorto lntroduc 11 and have that as one o/ the ground,. certainly repeated references are highly abll,!:• Crump v. Geer Brothers,In c., 336 That would justHy a c:on~idcration of Improper and almost certain to lead to So.2d 1091, 1096 (Ala. 1976) (the allegud the q11estion on its rnorits as 10 whe1h11r reversal. Sec Colqueu WIiiiams, 264 statement: "t am personally covered with It wM Injected Into the trial without any v. necessity there/or and voluntarily by Ala. 214, 222, 86 So.2d 381, 388 (1956) insLimnce to covermy errors'1.And , "One coun~cl in order to rrc)udicc the c;ise (''neither retraction nor r«:?buke would m11y make reference to an Insurance car• ognln~t the defendAnt. In determining have destroyed the strongly prejudicial rier for the purpose of showing the fact that question the whole situation mu~l suggestions that ii wos an insurance com that the wilnessh as b~en retained by the be considered in order to (ind whuthor pany .. , who should ond would have1 0 carrier for thl:!purp ose of preparing evi coun~el h.is volunwrlly lnlccled Into thr c:i~P m111ter which Is prejudlclRI pay''); Somach v. Norris, 361 So.2d 1005, dence to be used In the case!' Callaway nnd lneradicnble • , . :• 1008 (Ala. 1978) (''this case has to be v.Lem ley,3 82 So.2cl4 0, 543 (Ala. 1980). reversed ~o that it can be tried in an at 11, Thomas 11. Ware, 44 Al a.App. 157, 204 So.2d 501, 504 (1967), however, mosphNe free of the prejudicial In, C. Corporation s where the plaintiff '1n a volurHuurC:?d fluence of Insurance"). Corporations oret empting targets and unresponsive remark" testified that he Improper arguments in thi~ areR rlo not improp er arguments concerning 1he111 come in a variety of forms. Referencest o was "under the Impression that Mr. have to be in reference 10 an "insurance" Thomas' insur.ince was goin g to pay (or agreo11'ont per se. Rcf(!rences to an in corporations as "~oulless" entities are an it;' the court ofa ppeals held that the trial demnity agreement or ony other suggcs• old tactic:.tn Commercial Fire Ins. Co. v. court had not erred in refusing to grnnl tlon that the opposingp arty will not have A/lc11, 80 Ala. 571, 573, ·1 So. 202, 204 (1887), the Alabamcl Supreme Court a mistrial althouah "[aJ motion lo exclude to pay a Judgme111is improper. Robins or strlko would haw be1m well-put!' The lingineerins, Inc. v.Cock rell, 354 So.2d reversed where the trial court had over tho court cxplalnod that "110 1 all such 1 (Ala. 1977}. ruled an objection to (ollowlng argument: referencesa rc beyond remedy 011a pror> There ore, of course,exce ptions to the C:!I'in ~tructlon!' Sf!aa lso Prescott v. Mat rule ilgoinst references to an insurance "•.• the co111l .. , pe11nlttcd plalntl/fs' tin, 332 1 So.2d 40, 246 (Ala. 1976); agreement. For example, "a defendant's c:oun~el In his c:oncludlng argument to Cooper v. Bishop Freeman Co., 495 mentioning his liability insurance is nol sayt o lhe Jury, 'that th!! anc;l)~lry (nmn So.2d 559 (Alr1.1 986). lng lh1!11'1)orp l;ilntiffs wel'<;lw ell.J ALTERNATIVE ATTENTIONATTORNEYS ALTERNATIVE NOWYOU CA N HAVEIMM EDIATEACCESS TO ALTERNATIVE If TRA of 66 reducedor elhnlnatedyour IRA ded11ctlon. LEGAL INVESTIGATORS Compare Mutual Benefit'sIRA Altorr1atlvc IRA THROUGHOUTTHEUNITED STATES FEATURl;S ~ ALTERNATIVE Maximum contribution s $2.000 Floxlbhi Limits T3X•Deferred 3c:cumul:\tlon Ye$ Yes BIRMINGHAM 942·7552 Tax-Free recovery of prlnclpnl before ,axatlon No Yes *DOTHAN 793-1288 Borrow ing w/out lnc:omct~)(Miori or tax penalty No Yes '"HUNTSVILLE 539-7761 Avold~nceof I 0% pennlcy tax on withdrawals prior to 3gc591 ; , No Yes '"MOBILE 343-3310 Income [~x-free denchbenefit No Yes •MONTGOMERY 834-7300 lmmedlncesubstandnl death benefit No Yes Fullcontribution s continue If dl$.!blcd No Yes *MEMBER N.A~L..I. T3XRefund or equlvnlent Maybe Yes TheNational Association For Addttlonal lnfom,attonC DIIKevin H~n sc,Ior Je1ryJ ohnston of Legal Investigators 205/870-8008 ~ The Mutual Benefit Companies QUALITYPROFESSIONAL SERVICE OneI ndependencePitta , Suite116 Sirminghnm.AL 35209 12 Jan1,1ary198!J 1ruth(uln<',~,anrl th,11nr 1lwh dt·~rrn 848, 852 (1969) ('EmployersMutual of '\<\re WI! going 10 ll'l rhe loan ('()Ill• dclPI~, h,,d nevP.rhcrn r .1lled In ques- Wausau Is not A person, thay don't hove panies in Jcf/ersonCo unty llko 1hc A<:melo;in Company1.il«> wen on1•or 1lon uni/I this soulless corporation, blood In thulr win\, ar,d you can't c:ut dQfendaniIn thi~cc1-c , hJd d1.irgt'tl<111r U\ .ind thmw u~ In I.ill for J civil dcbl them and hurt them '), Cordon Nall. or their cfl.''1<:Cnd,1n1s, ll!'n , t er Allt•n, v. .ind make u~ undergo thC'rigor. .,ncJ with f,1fsrhood,fraurl ,md mls1eprc,;en- 379 So.2d 585, 586 (Ala. 1980) ("It tortures o( the damned/" 101lonIn procuring the policy of In• doe&n'Lh,1vo a soul, It has a bonrd of The supreme court reversed, sayingt hat suranco In thi~c.1>0: 1 (,•mphasl,,,ctded) director,;"), "w~ lhlnk sub~tanti,11 prejudice •.. More recently, in Southern Life & Other cases concern Improper rcsulLL>d''and that "overrulingthe de/en• Hea/ch Im. v. Smith, 518 Sb.2d 77, 80 st,1tements about the conduct or danl'!>objoction~ tendt>d 10 pu1 the (Al11.1987) , the court ~lated thcll II was methods of corp file Aldhamo Lawyt•r 13 On ;ippefll by the plaintiffs, the supreme E. Appeals to passion and sympathy "I was surprised when I found oul 1ha1 he w:1st1't killed. I will tell you, courl d(!d lned to reverseb!!ca use no ob An appcal to the sympathy or passion gentlemen,you go out there and do jection had beenniade .md the court was o( a Jury Is Improper. An improper, your duty and rendera verdict (or the ''simply unable to conclude that the though 0radicotcd, appeal to a Jury's an1oun1w hich wearc l.lb klng for In thai remarks cited when considered along sympathy w.is made In Mobile Light & complaint and Y()U will serve your counlry here and you Will stop lhe with the enlir e trial [described as low-key R.R. Co. v. Ga/Jasch, 210 Ala. 2191 2201 headlineso( the papersin Birmin15ham and slrnightfo1wardJ were 'so grossly im• 97 So. 733, 734 (1923), where "m hc Ol· .ind other p~pcrsof f)Coplo killed .1nd proper' and 'highly prejudicial' that torney for the plainri ff in his closing argu• run averby street car.;I n Birmingham:• [their) evil influenceand effect (wereJin ment to the jury stated to the The harn,ful ll...M LL.M. in LLM in REAL PROPER1Y in TAXATION ESTATE PLANNING Program includes leasing, constru ction, taxation, ftoan. Corpo rate, Foreign and P.state cing. zoning and planning, ln co nccntrati on'l available in a Study with many of the a one-year program, full or one-year program , full or part nation's authorities in lhis pa.rt time. time. muionally-recognizcd one-year program. Write or Call: Writ e or Call: Graduate Program in Graduate Program in Write: Real Pl"Operty, I.and Taxation Grad uate Program in Developmen t an d University of Mia.mi Estat e Planning Finance Law School of Law University of Miami University of Miam i P.O. Box 248 087 School of Law School of Law Coral Gables, FL 33 J 24 P.O. Box 248087 P.O. Box 248087 Telephone (305) 284·35 87 Coral Gables, Florida 33 124 Coral Gables, FL 33124 Telephone (305) 284-35 87 14 January 1989 And herewos a 19~nr-old OOW!'r,;ind thereof In order 10 11rousesympathy or wery doctor's office in the county to get 11shumJn being!>, ~ havethe losse~ prejudice:' New Fmployees'Benevolent ~omethlngon plaintiff, ond olso plolntlff In life, but YoU go 1hrouRh.i bur ob~erve her condition" and ''coun:.el of fact. Phllllps1 439 So.2d 59, 63 (Ala. 1983), In could make commenl. In argui,,ent on S1III, such oppeals 10 pa!>slonor ~ym ('Ountalnthe court held that there wil\ no thb evidential fact:' Nor dicl the supreme pJthy are fl'ilught with peril. The follow basis (or reversalwhere counsel argued, court reverse where counsel n,ade the ing l't!mark~or counsel In his opening "We drerious busi· followlng remark in a medical molp@c· statementwere held in,proper: "Now this ncss ... the same thing could h,1ppento ticc suit: accident h.ippened back in January you or to your famlly or yout cstc11e:· "Gcn1lomonof the Jury,you ~houlrl not 1968 ·'" • when SusanSwan was killed In Black Belt Wood Co., Inc. v. Ses ~howto 1hedcfondan1 any morecon· • • • (H]er doddy, Col. Swan, WilS flying sions, 514 So.2d 1249. 1254 (Ala. 1986), s1der.11lonon thlstrl,11 th,m hc showed combill in Sou1hcas1i\sla:• Magnusson 10[the Pl:1ln11fijwhen ht.' 100k th.it bill the trial court ~ustalned an obj<'clionand ~1collns lnJmentand r,munedII lrtto v.Swan, 29 1 Ala. 151,153-54 , 279 So.2d Instructed the lury to disregard the ltho µlnlntlff'slpmis andgouged 11 holl' 433, 42'.l {1973)(c@dlcated by prompt in· following orgument: "I will approachthi s In h." muctlon to jury). And ~ plaintiff's 1.iskas I havetried 10scrlou~ly ju~ , as ~u Piper v. / /afford, 247 Ala. 530, 531, 25 counsel's reference 10 his dlcn t c1i. a would w.1nt it i( you wcro on the front So.2d 264, 265 (1946)('The nrgurnent o( "poor, crippled Veteriln" was held Im· rC1NIn thi5 courtroom:· On dppedl, the eounsel ••• merelywas an emphatic Wi'f-/ proper, though eradlc:iltcd by J ve~ Alabama Supreme Court again s1arnd of st-.Hlngplaintiff') contention ••• "). See strong re~pon~efrom the trial court, 1n that Inviting "the jury to stond In tho also W.iylandDlw/bur,ng Co. v. Gay,287 American Rubbi•rCo rp. v. Jolley, 260 shoes of the litigant is considered Im· Ala. 447,454,252 So.2d 414,421 (1971), Ala. 600, 605, 72 So.2d 102, 107 (1954). proper,"but the courl found, In the llghi where the courl held that .in Invitation 1 In Hr/1//ns CafeteriaCo. v. ShotL~,230 o( the trial cu11rt~ actions. that reversal to 1heJury 10 consider 1h.it "a man has Ala. 597, 597, 162 So 378, 370 (1935), was not warranted.Id., 514 So.2dill 12511, been wiped off the earth and his family where the trial court overruled an objec In 1~1.3y/csv. Jeter,279 Ala. 283, 284, cut in hnlf" was not !iO lnflammato,y a~ tion "to th.it portlo,, of tho argumont of 184So.2d 363, 364 (1966),th r. plaintiff\ to require reversalwhere the trl.il court plaintiff's counsel wherein he i.1.i1c-dthat counsel invited "you, gontlcnwn, to pul h,id ovcrrulud ob]l'Ctionsbut chargedthe the plaintiff w.i~ a poor country boy ~ur,;elf In the plaintiff's place:• An ob jury again~t deciding the c;ise on the come to toWnfiom rranklln County;• the jection to lhis argument was overruled. basis of sympathy. And sec• Windham v. supreme court reversed,1aylng: In affirming, the Ah1b<1maSup remo Court Ala. So. Ne-.vion, 200 258, 259, 76 24, "Tho nJtUrr1l tcndoncy is to crcnte pre, said: 25 (1917), where the rcn,ark, "Why, these Judl<.I'11nd thl• Jrgurrcnl mustbe ,ic "We do 1101soy suc h argumentwould men considered It a trifling thing for the corded 'lust 1hnt 11urpo~e which Its b<'proper. We do not, howewr,h,iw boy to have his leg crushc.,d" was author intended It should ~:M' boforeu, enoughof the arsument10 1 nothing lcs~:• • • 11be sold 1h01 11jus1ifled' by " the evldcnec, thu ls~ues, lllf saythat the l).1r1•lriv/1,111on constituted revt'rsalor th<'Judgmrnt in ~uehca~ such ii forbiddenomwnl to the i,ym• or the testimony:• may work a h~rd~hlp upon ,,ppollco, 1>otl1yof tho Jurorsa~ 10 prejudice The follClwlngr1tmnrks by counsel w-erc It resultsfrom the conductof him who rti;-(end,mtio the extent that this judg allowed, Ovt'r objections, in ..i wrongful st(llitlSo s hl9 ~ponsor In the trio!. We ment musthe revcr~ed!' de.1th casll: know of no nio 15 (he Alab,1maI awy<>r a line of people about a dozen people;' On appeal, the court snid th,1t the CompareGt/s, hOVt't-wr, wlth Osborne put In the plalntif~s place and a~kcd 10 remdrk~ were no1~o improper 11ndpre Truck Linc!:.,In c. v. l.ang)!On, 454 So.2d flll In .1 blank check was held not rever Judicial as to require revcrsol and that 1317, 1322-23 (Al.i. 1984), where the sible error becausethe argumentreferred "(m)uch must be left in )uch mi1ttef'ito plaintiffs' counsel·~s uggesrlon that the to "some unspeclfll:!dlmaginory fndlvld the enlightened Judgment of the trial Jurorsconsider whethrr "afilmlly " would uals:• court ... ," See <1/)0Crump v. Geer accept $5,0001000 In oxchangl.!(or allow In Briti'ih Cf!ncra/ /nsuf'ilnce Co. v. BrothPrs,In c., 336 So.id 1091,1 097 (Ala. ing the children In the family lo be In· Simpson S<1/e~Co., 265 Ala. 683, 689, 1976) ("If there w,1serror, It wos orror Jured was dlsmlswd by lhM11 to vov?"(em• juror\' sympathyfor" the plalnri((./d. J87 improper. In f lorence Co11011& Iron Co. ph.ish oddl'd). So.2d di 774. V. Field, 104 Ala. 471, 480. 16 So. 538, r------11!!!!!!!1 I ~------,I I The AvisAssociation Member Benefit Program offer s speolal I I lowr ates, representinga greatsavlnijs opportunity . That,along with manyt ime-savingse rvices,makes Av is an extra- and valuable benefitof your membership . Whetheryou' re traveling for businessor pleasure, Avisis the easyand economicalw aylt> go, all year'l'Ou nd. And now, when youpresent thi s ad at Avisthe next time you reserve an Intermediateor full size,2-doo r-groupcar, you'll be upgradedto the next highercar groupatno extra cha,sel Justbe sureto mention your Av is 'AbrldwldeDiscount (AWD) number when you call forAvi s resetvatlons: MEMBERSOF THE ALABAMASTATE BAR A/A530100 Totake adva ntageof this special upgradeoffer, call AVIS the Avis ''SpecialPromotion" reservation number: 1-800-831-8000 R•nlAl51 1•• Aatnl ln1tnJc!ICM11 AtChoc~ •ouh • Eotor PINO • Aulgn cuolomer• car fromGroup 0 Of E (1 ont·lltl)IJPIIP8ftlMI from groupreserved.) • Cllallt folcar IIOUP ttMIWd , -- --- • Comp1e1,RAI _____thl1 rnlom,11\lc,.. , _ Ranbll locltlon___ _ Al C.1 Rttum : • Submll with Coupon8ullotN Repo,1,F •367. CoupoM UUGl·007 Avla l~aturoG M car,. ~----~-~~-~~------~010,moblloCutlas ~Cl ora. 16 },,nu;uy 1989 S40 (1894), the supreme cour1 rewrsl!d IJughlng at you. Th("y'rl' l,1u11hlng at hOWt.>wr. Amenability to service o( pro where 1hetrial Judgefailed to eradicate you. lhL,y're laughingat me, a llllll'ol ' cess I~ relevant LO a witness's aVi'lilabili 1h~ following argumt>nt: "ltJhey came lilwyerfrom Phcnl>.C ily:' ty, but "It Is not the sole criterion:' down here, a pany of rich Northern Tho courl railed fl an "lndirncl intNjac Donaldson v. Buck, 333 So.2d 786, 787 capllJllsl~, wanllng to ,peculate on our tlon of wt!alth'' that was cr,1dlca1cdby an (Alo.1 982). A "reasonable conclusion" objection ar,d curative instrucllon. Id., properly, and are now trying to rob an lh;it 1he wi1nessw ould bo friendly to one clegont, chivalrousSouthern gcntll\!man 505 So.2d at 1049. party ,1nd unfriendly to the other can In McLemore tnwrnc1tion,1IUnion , o( hl~ Justlyand hard-e.1rned~alary:• The v. dcwrmlnL' whether the witno~s Isequal 264 88 172 court !laid: Ala. 538, 542, So.2d 170, ly .iv;ill,,ble. In Oon1Jldsoo a potential 0956), an ;:ictionagain)! .i labor union ", , • thr remar~ w.is calculated to witness was not equ;idy avallable for prewnting the plalnti(( from working scrlou~ly prejudice ,ind lnJur,, th1: bcc,1useho had filed suit ogainst the at hi~ the following remarks wt1re defendantwith the Jury. Tht>.ictlon of Joh, defendilnt and had employed lhe plah1- hold lncradlcahle: the court lrl'cxdudlns It wnsVl'ry mild tiffs counsel. Where the witness"a nd 1hc ond no1 ,, ~ufndtilH ,1n1ldo1e 10 the "There,1rc ,11ar1 If, Morwm County who poisonth.it had been ln)N'll'd Into 1he plalntl(f were obvlou~ly friends;' the wlll not ~11In il Union I lull with a wi1nessw;i s nol "equnlly avJll,1ble:' I lar mindsof lhe jury .... Verdlrh oughr n<-'gro. Thereare meriIn Mnr11,1nCoun • nor Ix! won by such methods, and IYwho wlll norwalk a plckt•lllnl' wllh riron v. \l\t>odleySquare Ap.1rtmenrs , 421 when,ln ,11torne,•,In the ht•,11o( dub.1te, ;i nrg,o, I don't bl.imethom . Theyh,1Ye So.2d 101, 103 (Ala. 1982). Close•rclc1tl~ goes 10 such exu.iordln,1,yl<'n111h s, ,u much right to th-rlr 01>lr1ton i1bout .ilw ntl' not equally available. Black Belt g<•nc1<1lly,the court should promptly set lh,lf ,1) lhc Union ~as II> ,, rontrJry ll('rdlt11h31 IX' rendered Wood Co., Inc. v. Session~, 51'1So .2d .isld<',,ny m,'JY f.lplnlon." fo1hi~ cllen1. The rc1,re~~lw powc~ of 1249(Ala . 1986) (potenti;il wirne~swas a cou1t, 10 prevent~uch c.l(11JMIUl'l.lf> In .1f(lrn,lngthe granting of n new trial, son of corporal!.! defendant's owner); from lcsltlmale argumanl.•• should 1hr court noted with ,1pprovalthe trl;il W.11/~rv. St,1tc1 242 A lt1. 1, 4 So.2d ~11 br vl11,orously .ippllctl, No ml.'l'l.'srnte rourt's confession of It" "tlort •llction In (1941). P.irties, o( course,arc not equally ment, 1ha1h h OLiiof orderor lr111>roPor, Ciln meet the exlgencle, of lht>C ,N ~ not ,1e1lng:Wil sponte In )IOµplng th~ ,wallablo, ,111d''the fallum or rl!fusalof a Norhlngshort of such action ... ,1nd .irgumPnt." /rl., 264 Al,, at S44, 88 So.2d Pilr1YIn ,1 clvll action to testify when ,, dt•Jr !Hltislattion, that the pre di 174. prewnt i~ ordinarily subJCCIt o com judice;,.•• h:1dbeen rt'muwd from the In /Jon.i/d v. Matheny, 276 Al,l. 52, 56, ment .•. :• Ste8all v. Wylie, 291 Ala. 1, mind~of rhe )Lll"r, ousht iwr 10 r(.'\cut• 158 So.2d 909, 912 (196l) , ,1 r;icl.11"Jrgu 7. 277 So.2d ss. 90 (1973). 11 case from a new trio!•.. :' nwn1wa s Improper, but not lncurilble:' I hu ilrgument, "I can'l close, I (0011 In Id., 104 Ala. at 480-81, 1u So. 111540-4 1. Counsel h;id Sidled , "Due 10 the breed lustlw to my clien t without r<•pealing, The suproml' court aHlrmed the ~rant of tho race, we were r1fmicls ht• would l~n't 11s tr,1ngeto you that the doctor they ing o( il new lflal in HJywoodv. Alabama ch.ingc hrr te~llmony, which ~he did:' s<'lcct, Dr. Clytl(! Brown, ha~ not been Fuel & Iron Co., 203 AIJ. 550, 551, 84 The trial court !.uM.ilncd an obJection, called beforeyou to tell what he ..aw fU'>t So. 259, 260 (1919), on the ba~iso( re but "lnJo further action wa~ Invokedby J (cw ~ or1dsafter the accident:' wa~ im marks that included .1reference to share th<.•deft1ncit1nt :1 Id., 276 Ala. Jt 57, 1S8 proper, because the doc1orw.i~ Jvallable holder1 of the defendant g.11hetlng So.2d a1 913. to both panics. Cooper v. Cubfo, 262 "i'lf'Oundth e table In Washington ro Al,1. 519, 521, 80 So.2d 284, 285 (1955). divide the dlvldentl~!' In 8rothcrhooclof H. Comments on the failure to call Sc.•,•a/w City of 8/rmlnsh;im v. Levens. PJlntC'f) , t!lC., of Anwr/ CJ v. Ir/mm, 207 an equally available wltnes 241 Al«. 47 , 200 So. 886 (1941). Where Alo. 587, 588, 93 So. 533, SJJ (1922), the "ThNt• I\ J rule, dnd J ju\ l Olli' , 1ht1lIf a p01cntl.1Iwitness 's medical record en• whem trial court Oll'er 1 court revc~cd thl' ii PilrlY h,I\ ., wit Ol' SS pos~C''htng trh!S, howt.>ver,'cl(!arly indl cilled that rulcd an objection to thl.! following p,.,cullmknowledg e , 79 Al,,. 221 (1865). In lndl.ina:' ''.Apany Cilnnot comr,ent In ,u14ument u1,on the filllurf' of hr~ 01,1porwn1to call I. Comments on the conduct or In GeneralFini.I/lee C orp. v. Smith. sos a p,111lcular wllness if lhc wltne~~ Is char.1cter of opposing counsel So.lei 1045, 1048 (Ala. 1987), however, equally jCcess1hle H> both pMlles:1 Comment~ conccrnl 11g opposing the Alnb11maSupreme Coui1 held that c.ounbol come in Vi'lriou~fo rms and Me Donaldson v. Buck, 333 So.2d 786, 787 l11etrlal court adequately erodlcotcd the (rcqucmlly I mp roper. (Al.1. 1976); s~e J/ $0 w.ing v. Bollvl.i (ollowlng Jrgument: 1 Lumber Co., 516 So.2d 521 (Ala. 1987); :-\ , wa, said by JusticeG,1r'(ln1•r InArant "Your verdict h.u got to be a big City of IJirminghJmv . l.tM!m, 2111Ala . v. St,llt' !citationomllled) '\i\t> must not crioughV(!ro1ct so lh..irii wlll hard I05e~ Jstuof tlw f,ictlh ,tt a trL1lls a leg.11 47, 200 So. 888 (1941). In llllno l~ ~t 1he corf)01,1h.' ht•,1d· bJnle, J ,o mbar In ., ,,,n"·Jnd nor il qu,irter,, ~ th,11rhr,t' folk, ll~t· th<-' Determining whether a wltneu Is ,,.ulor ~ inl affair.'To put It ,1 lllllt• dff. Mike House.~of the wodd won't be "equally I he Al.,bama Lawyer 17 strlke hardblow& in behalf of hi~cl lent Mui . l.ife Ins. Co. of California v. Green, In BirminRhamE lec:cric Co. v. Perkins, but, of course, (Ii<:Ii/ow!. rn11s1 not /Je 232 Al.i. 50, 52, 166So. 6961 698 (1936). 249 Al11.426, 430, 31 So.2d 640, 642 fottl blows." At the very least, it wou Id seem, such (1947),t he following Improper statement Alabama Great So.Railr oad Co. v. Gam argument~ shoulrl not be "Indulged in, did not require granting motlMs for a brell, 262 Ala. 290, 293, 78 So.2d 619, vl - NOTICE- State Constitutional Clearinghouse Project In 1987, u1ldC!r.r graM awal'dedby tho Stalo )Ustico lnstillll c, the NJtionnl Associotlon of AttorneysCie nernl organized a Slate Conslltutlonal Law Clearinghouse Project. The association ag;:iin this yenr w111produce both a monthly publica tion and an an1iual law teview, and organize o seminar on stateco nstitutional law (in Wa~hington, O.C., March ()-10,1989). Fmlhcr loformiltlon fol lows ;ibout each of the project'~ activities. State Constitutional Law Bulletin Ten mon1hly issueb, stortins this month, comprise Volume 2. A three-ring bin 18 /;muary I !UHi Ing 1hls remarkwas made In " mo1ionfor J. Comments regardin g the conduct the d11btor\coun!.el made ,,n improper ,1 new trial. or character of parti es and witnesses referenceIn <.losingJrgumcnt to ;inother The following statement~ are addi In Johnston Bros. Co. v. Bentley, 2 .1pparcntly ~1niilar l,1w~~1itpending tlon11l examples orImproper c:omnumis Al.;i.App,281, 287, 56 So. 742, 744 (1911), .i11nlnstthe defendant,but the ,ippellilte concerning opposing counsel: the court reversed<1nd h eld It Improper co~1rt cleclincd to revcr~c1 'glvln~ due for c;oun~el "in his closing MSllmcnt to rc11ardto the emphatic Instruction,given "I wll I telI you this: Whonrvcryo11 )ee the Jury,t o read the pleas filed by [the] the Jury to disregard. .. ," n li1wyN walk In th!! courtroomand dcfcr1dc1nt, ~ettin11up Its different comm('ncetrying a c.i5e, II don't mean In 13/rmlnghJmEleculc Co. v. Carter, Justlike h meamwhen you ~t?C?these defenses, .1ndcalling dttt!ntlonto the dif 234 Al.1. &n, 672, 176 So. 464, 464 ~hocktroop~ like my fd«•ndMcf,1rl~11d ferentdates or their Ollng.Jnt.l 10 ~tat!!in (1937), however, the plalntW\ <.ounsel com<'In ;rnd 11ya c.1w.It don't ;ilways 1hr argument, In connc<.tlon with rn.1de the following inNadlcilblc juM meancold-hearted bu~IMss: ' w<1dlni:1the pleas,that ho (coun~cl)co uld Jrgumt1111: r.W Woolworth Cn.v. Erlrkson,22 1 Ala. seethe presidentor the defendantIn lho lciwoffice of his co1,1nsPl telling wholhis "II Ill' lric>(r1,(1,rnt\COl11 1~1:11hrh'l\5 up s, 6, 127 So. 534, 535 (1930)(nrgume nt 1 the fort 1h01I menrlo1wclI lilt I tlldn't hold crc1dica11..>dby trial court, bur keye le defense.>was, ant.I the strnogrnpher of uver ~ub11ocnawitnesse s wlwm the ment In tl!duction or1/('rdic:t by ,1ppellate tou11st?Ifor defendant l.iking down the Blrmlngh,11l1Electri< Comp.my i~ dl.' court) . ~tatomcnt, .ind at a suo,;equrnttime, as f<'nd,1ntbecause their lnvcitl11,11or..so shownby the allegation:. In a plea ,;ubw. our ,md 1<111 c:usu.. t ,' Thr C'ourtsn id: ~toJtl!mont. Youknow, Iryou how wo, !llvt:11,1 ~t,1t('11iMI,thJI th.irm,111 write~ Rlttor v. Cibson, 217 Ala. 304, 306, 116 "•. , 1he trlnl court >hould, upon re qu~t. rcsrralncounsel within the lhn,ts down !1\/!lrylhlngyou ~.,y"1vor,1b ll! to So. 158, 160 (1928) (objection held o( legitimateargument nnd , • when him i1ndhC' Je;;ve~ nu, ewrythln11un lnsu((iclentl. tlw \l,11rmcnth of ., f.ict l)('rtlncn1to f,M>r.ible, and hewrill 'l>11111 In hi~own l,1n11wK1·,ind pu~ It In )Uch f,wnr,1bl1• 1hels,ue 1 un5uppnnoo17)1 tht• l'Vid~ncW wha1 you s,1ltl~ (the defendant's attorney] ond I know /cl., 2 Ala.App. tJl 289, 56 So. ill 74S. Bui .i rcfercncQ to ;, rle(enrlilnt ,1s.i wh,1tI Jm going to tell you ;ibout him 1'hc overruling or an objection to ,1 "pM.isltc'' was "Justllledby the evidence is true. I know that if he w<1~on the jury rdcrcnc;ein clo!iing all{ument to a doc and Inferenceslo be drt1wn therefrom" trying thi'l case he would render a ver tor a~ "the \ljckhaircd $50.00 witness," where "the charge for the loan wa~ $4 dict In favor ort he plaintiff In a large however, wa~ permluecl becnu,c the pe, twO weekson $20;' SauthPmf Inanee amount:' In rc~pon)C, tho Aldbc1ma "evidence supported the reforence Cu. v. fmtrr, 19Ala.App . 109, 111, 95 So, Supreme Court said, "It would be dlr '$S0.00 witness"'and thoJppcllJt~· court 336 (1923).Simll11rly, In Robt'fl M. C..rccm ficul110 conceive of argumentmore ob• hart "no way o( knowing how the doc· '"' Som v. Uncivl//eD111s Co ,, 167Ala , jccrlonablc, unfair,and prejudlcl.il than tor's hilir was dressed;'while tho "trial 372, 379, S.! So. •133, '116 (19'!0),thl! de- wa) this, coming, as It did, In the clos tourt ond Jurywere J(fordeclthlb oppor reridJnt's< ou11\el "11(ter cJlllng Jllcntlon ing argument, to which the defendant's tu111ty:•rennps~ee \1/Jlley Sond & Gravel to discrcpJnde In pl11lnt1frste~tlrnony, coun~el has no opporturiity 10 reply. Co. v. PllllnB,35 Ala.App. 237, 47 So.2d remark Tile Al,1b11maLawyc:.•r 19 (or punitive damages when only c;om Operative,I nc. v. Partridge,284 Ala. 442, 1982), however, lhe court held thati.eom· pensatorydarnagc s .ire at Issue, and (2) 225 So.2d848 (1969),th e rrlal Judgewa~ pensatlon was not th~ measure of dam appeals ror compensatory dama14asIn aUirmed where he had properly sus age~so ught by PlalntlWsco unsel" when wrongful death c;ises whore only tained an objection to and instructed the he made the following orgument in punitive damagesare recoverable. Jury to dl~reg.irdan argument for punitive dosi,ig: In Hundley v. Child/ck, 109 Ala. 575, damages because only compensatory "I low valuable ,111tl how precious l~ 19 So. 845 (1896),1.11 1 action was nled to damilgeswere at issul!. hurri,111Ii(('/ Laclfesand gentlemen, recover damages for ;:i wrongful attach Arguments forco n,pensiltorydamages howvaluab le andhow preciousaro tho in wron gful death c:asP.s<1re n frequent hostngus over In lrJn/ How 111uch ment. The complaint made no claim for would thl~ counlry p~y to have 1hose punitive dn.mnges, but: source of appellate litigation. In Hardin lndivlduJls bock/ v. Sellers, i70 Ala. 156, 1571 117So.2d ... "rqounsel for the plAfntlff,In hrsargu 383, 384 (1960),whero pldlnilffs coun~el ''Would any amount of moneysumce ment to lhe jury ~1a1ed1 thal 'Lheaction for tho<,,,liwsl t t,iw11111 ch orcilhfher hu~band" or,11 1 1heC uhnn re/ugeesthat our lax ntlous, willful mid mollclous persecu, dollnrsnre going to st1pport.1,0",'J much lion of lhe plaf1111rr; thal his characler ;ind the trial court overruled chedefen se are they worth?T hcy arc human bcinBS had been assailed;and that lhl· Jury lawyer's objection, the supreme COllrl ,1bo. ot1ghtto aw,1rclextn.iordfnory d,m,o!jcs, reversed. And In Youngv. Bryan, 445 ••• for the dnmrige10 hi~ chamcter'." So.2d 2:l4, 237 (Aln. 1983), where plain "(AJnd t ,ubmlt to you 1hal the fi(o Ron· !cl., 109 Ala. at 581-82, 19 So.at 848.The tiff's counsel askedt he jury, "What about nic JoeCuwan had durln11hb llfollrllfl wasworth ;i~ rnurh to him a~mine Is supreme court, reversing, held that this the livi ng vlctlmb that he left?" the 1rfi1I to n1l' n11d any 01her lndlvlclt1nl In the "argument WilS well-crilculated to im• court's f.illurc to lnwuct the lury r1sto the world Is lo theri,:• press the jury, th;it they could inflict Impropriety or tho latter ar8um1mt The court r1lsonoted 1hr1t thP tri;il ,o urt punishment,and the refusol of the court resulted In rcVt)rsal, notwllhstandln g a correctly chargedthe Juryco ncerning the to Interfere doubtle5s tended to em subsequen1oral chargeco rrectly defin proper mea$UJ'eof damages and that phasizelhi s impre5sion.The court errf!d ing the damagesovallablc hi a de.uh there was "no ovldor1cothal 1hc Jury In allowing the· .irgumont:' which ''was r1ction. retiredwith the attitudeor awarding c:0111- foreign to the Issue:•109 Al.1. at 582, 19 In Estes I-lea/ch CareCe nters, Inc. v. pe11s.:itoryrather th ,rn punitive da,,-u,gru;!' So. at 848. In Alabama Elccrrlc Co- Bannerman, 411 So.2d 109, 112 (Al;i, 411So.2d at 113. The trial courts sufficiently eradlcilted Improperappenls In Magnussonv. Swa n, 291 Ala. 151, 154, 279 So.2d 422, 424 (1973), where plalnliWs counselargued f Kenneth H. Wells & Assoc/ates , Inc. thr11the $100,000he hr1dasked for "won't /11 pay for lhis young lady's life;' and Structured Settlement $peclallsts A/abarndFarm Butudu Mut. Ca.!t.Im. Co. v. I /umphrey, 54 Ala.Apjj. J43, 308 Providing rapid, expert , So.2d255, 258-59 ( 1975),whi:!rc co unsel (or plalnllff mfcrrcd to the "vnluc" or personal service "worth" o( human life as being the mec1sureof dr1m;tges. when it counts . . . l , Reading or arguing law quality structured settlements. "The J11ryarc 10 rocetveth e law frorn thl! court, and nol from ellher 1he counsel, or fromtextbooks or odJudgL'Cf Our free services arc unmatch ed in the indu stry : rnse~.Th i~ Is n p~rtof Uwpo llcr,powcr, so to ~peilk,or the court. oflen neces • annuity quocatlons In wr ltJng within 24 hour s sary 10 preventconfusio n Rnd ln~ure • personal assistance at settlement conft:rcnccs thoorder ly administrationo( fuslice In • co ordin ation and co mplet ion uf secrlemcntdoc umcnts tho trlult:0 11rt:' • In-depth seminars for your staff McCullough v. I & N R. Co., 396 So.2d 683, 685 (Ala. 1981), quotinij l·limi5on v. Slaw, 78 Ala. S, 12 (1884)." Not Infre RF.GIONAI. OPPICP-'IN ATI ONWIDF. quently counsel ar(;!perm itt1.?d10 argue BIRM1N Gl1AM OPPlCJ!-G Rl!GORY ROBCNSON legal propo~ltIons, even to read l!!gal 2 Mc1roplc xD rivc · Suil c 111• 8irmh18JlRm,At,•~S209 lOS • !!7() • U\l•lii propositionsto tho Jury;' but this permis CORPORA Tll fllW) QUAR1'n R..~ sion Is within the trlnl court's discretion. Deovc:r.Co lol'lldo McCullough, 396 So.2d at 685 (Ala. I •HOO• 'I~~ •409>1 1981). And a trial Judge's"refusa l to per mit ~uch reading Is not rev~rsible enor. 20 JanuJry J 989 The rcoson for this Is obvlOU\,Th o du1y nlrt ..h ould be for 'plarntiff for~ sub~tan• Once .in c,l)Jec:tlonha~ b~an mad e, the of 1hejury is to try 1hefact~ .1nd "pply 1111111mount, and 1wo prcvlou) Jude~ rollowin14test~ i'lrP said to dpply on ap such filcts 10 the low ,15 given them In whlc:h have tried this case agreed with pc,ll to dcwrmlnu the tmproprlcty and charge by the court." McCullot1gh, 396 me;" In TennesseeRiver Nav. Co. v. Impact orthe argument: So.2dat 685-86 quoting City of Annl~ton W.ills, 209 Al,1,320, 323,96 So.266, 269 "In J t,1!>0of Improper.irgumtnl wh(.'r'e v.0/lver; 28 Ala.App. 390, 393, 185 So. (1923),but "lntarvention or thP court w,,s lhP trl,11JudgP OV<'lful<', objf;lct!on ,ind 187, 189·90 (19381. fulls 10 ln~11uc1 the Jury as 10 the lm sufncient to remove any advcrsl' lnOu pro1nie1ywith dlrccllon to disrugard, The overruling or an objt'Lllon to tht• ence." Rending facts dnd result!. from 1111'tl•\I upon ,lf)JX'tll I, nc)I lh,ll the argumentt h.11'"you put ,,II our evidence other reported cases h inipropc-rabo. Cl· 11,gumPnl(lid unl,iwfully fntlul!nCl?the on this side ilnd the,r evidence on this ty ofTusc:aloosav. Hill, 14AIJ .App, 541, Jury. bur whc1her II mish1 haw done side 11ndall we've got to do i~ lip thr 69 So. 486, cert. denied 194 Ala. 5S9, !J.t>t !.Cale ju,;t a little hit and WI.' wrn , . : "cfirl 69 So. 598 (1915). EstisTru cktns Co., Inc v. Hammond,387 not con~lltute "rr'OrIn O~l>ornt•rwck 5o.2d 768, 771 (Alil, 1980) (emphasi~ Llnas, Inc. v. /..Jn~ton, 454 So.2d 1317, II. Opposing improper argument s added), chlng Wi/1/.,msv. City of An· 1323 (AIJ, 1984). Nor wJ, it <.:Orhldcrl!d Although It rnay be clear that an op nl~ton, 257 Ala. 1911 58 So.2d 115 (l9S2). error to allow "counsel (to) reild 10 the po.. ing counsel h.is made an improper "In ll c,,w whc11: ohJcctlon 10 Improper jury a decision from the SupremeCourt .irgument, effectively countering the 11,s11nwn11~mud<' ,md ~uM;ilned, with orA lab,una, arid [cndl'avorJto l'xplain to remark 1~ r1nother milll or. Promp t /mmpd1111e and mong <1cr/onby the rrl,1/co urr iMlructins rhc /11,y1/1111 ~ur h the the me11m which It might .ir ac1lun-ob )ectlng, requestingn cur.:itlvC! J~,ry by .irgum~·ntw.is 1101 corrm:t o10dad rive ,11th e rropt"r .1n,011ntor rl.1m,1ge~, • :' chargo, rcque!,ling o mistrlill Is, or monl~hlng thomr 101 to consider it, lhe In Cnhaba SouthernMining Co. v. /Jrlltt, course, the obvious ancla lmo~t ,ilwnys rest on mo1lon/or n L>w1rl ,1l, 1nd0 11,1p 146 Alc1. 245, 254, 40 So. 943, 947 the dcslrablo 1r1cthodo f opposition. In pool ,~ whuthllr the <1r1111nwntwas so (1906), ~incc "counsel h.ivo a right to m;iny !nst.inces,howov or, counsel mily h,in11(ul1111 d f)r flw Alabilmil l.awyr, 21 1rlal cour1wou ld h,wp dewoyed Its gro1md"' Is so manifestthat the court t:(>Unsel for a p.:irtylitigan t pursues an im• sinls1er Influence:' and counsel cannotfai l to understand proper line of argument h1.ithereby in• Nor does it matterchat an objection was u:n Viles a reply in kind, and statements I loll v.S tate FarmMuc. Auto.Ins . Co., 507 sustained ancl lhe jury in$tructed ro which would otherwise beobjectionable So.2d 388, 391 (Ala. 1986) (citations disregard the slatement when the argu• are ort<.!nproper: ' Smith v. Blankenship, omitted). See al~o Otis Elevator Co. v. ment was iner.idicabll!, Such an dl'SU· 440 So.2d 1063, 1066 (Ala. 1983). StJl/worth, 474 So.2d82 (Alc1.1985) . Tho ment Is 100 "poisonous and Improper" Founded upon Lha doctrlM of "curative best practice, however, is lo object to be eradlcatC!d. Pryor v. Limestone ;u;lrnissibility;' see C. Ga1nble, Mcfllroy's sped fical ly and to clearly state c.-ich County, 225 Ala. 540, 144 So. 18 (1932). Alabama Evidence§ 14.01(3d ed. 1977) With regardto the necessity of stating ground of the objee1ion.Sec Osborne ("If a party Introduces illegal evidence, Lines, Inc, v. Lang~ton, 454 So.2d the grounds for a11 objection wi 1h Truck his oppommt has thE!un co11ditio11f\l right specificity, the AlabamaSupreme Cou rt 1317, 1323(Ala. 1984)("when an objec to rebut ••• with other Illegaleviclence'1 tion I~ m;ic:le on specl(rc grounds, 01h@r 1 has said: a reply in kind is allelweci to cure the ef grounds may not be raised on appeal"). "Thi~ Court has frequently rerused lo fect of an illegal argum(!nt so long as, ac consideran objection whoro II wns 1101 cording to one formulation of tho rule, acc.:0111p;inlcdbys pedO c grounds•.. !' B. Reply in kind ''the rebuttal statement soughl to be of It is frequently r1s.sertedthat an other "However,we havealso recognizc 6831 691 (1961), on appeal to the self.in• teresl of Jurors a~ taxpayers invited the following ar$ument: "'There are two and LOSINGYOUR TITLE CAN a half million p(Joplc.!In thi! St:il@of Ala bama. It will cost you or1e/1enth of onn REALLYHURT cont to pay him $25,000:"A statement by defendant's counsel as to how sorry Just as a prizefighlertrains hard for the title fight,you've ("ns u man can be") his client was thol workedhard to purchaseyour property. And you w ouldn'tg ive the plaintiff was Injured "provoked,pro , it up withouta fight. duced, Invited, ,1nd justified Lthls] retallA· When your property is insured with Mississippi ValleyTiUe tory argument'': "' I dare ~aythat if he is Insurance, that title is backed agains.l all challengesto Ft] as $orry asa ll that, he rniijhllik e for Mr$. ownership, making any title fight a sure win. · · Jones lo get every dollar. she Is asking Mi11i11ippiValley Title for.''' McQuccn v. Jones, 226 Al.i. 4, 8, Slate0//i'c a/324 North 21stSI ./Bimtl11gham.Al 35203 145 So 440, 442 (1932), An Improper 1bllfree ,J/800/843,/688/'TMIJ/ax,J/326·0919/II Mi1111csnlaTitle Comf)a1ry reference lo the wealth of a party Invited onposing counsel"to remark to the Jury 22 January 1989 1h.11the 'old gentlemen's lifeand his pro Ala. 642, 165 So.2d 7J1 (1964) {where counsel of a ques1lonable C'Omment, peny rare a1 !.1,1kcJ!"Sm ith v. 8/onkcn· counsel for the defcndnnrtold the jury however, ought no1to be limite{f ton for ship, 440 So 2d 1063, lOGG(A la. 1983). of his client'~ co~mg~ 11nddefendant malistic ~cnrch through the tradillon11I Rderencesto insurance, hOW()Ver1 gen· lcsll(ltid with regardlo hb limitsIn an <1p categorle~ of Improper arguments; 11 er.illy have been held not to be proper parcn1aucmp t to hold down the verdict). should Involve consideration of 1hufun replies in kind, Wil/famsonv . R<1yrnond, But see Clark-PmuCouon MIiis Co. v. damcn1al question whether the com 495 So.2d 609 {Ala. 1986); MalllCW) v. 8iJi/ey, 201 Ala. 333, 77 So. 995 (1918) ment aids thunsel referred to w lhal a referenceto iln "in~uranceman " answer is In 1hc nogatlw. ca&e1 law and worker'scornpcnsoilon li(;/n In response who h,ld ln~pCJctcd tho plnnl wheri,i the justice dic1atc an Jpproprlate curotlveac to ~talement that ;ill 1heproceeds of J plaintiff was hurt could 1101 bo com tic,n. "We know or no more cffoctiVE'way Judgnrnnt would go to the minor child pla1ncdo( "with good grc1ce"by defen~e of repre~slngtho wrong and malnlaining ren of a deccasL'tlworkman); Co/quell v. counselwho had .1rgucd1ha1 the defen 1helntogrlty o( 1heprofession In lhc ad WI/Iiams, 264 Ala. 214, 86 So.2d 381 dant w-is .1 little corpo1t1tlonowned by ministration of the law:' Bri1llnsC afc1eria (1956}(sia1cmcm In personal Injury case clti1.onsof PranviI l e), Co. v. Shotb , 230 Ala. 597, 162 So, 378 thm Jurys hould not tilke the defondMt'!> (1935), • moneyilnd gl\/0 ll to the plaintiff did nor Conc lusion w;irranl respon~cby the plaln11rr.. coun Tho classifica tion of improper ~el to 1he effect lhi'.11th e money would argument~Is, as ha~bL>(!n said, neces,;ari come from r1nlnsurctnce company), ex ly subiCLtlvc.The various categories ob FOOTNOTES cept In hlMhly unusual clrcu111s1ances, .viously overlap and ~orve common ""1r>1h•1011,rl~ nn 1h11 ,uhjl't1 w••w11iu II l,r Wllll•mI !,•m~le Qt lhtt Svl11111IJii.t ~1 1n Cot1111w,u, Jm11ru,>r1A1,iu111,v1h nf t f'f1rt11cl, At/,111t.iUfe lns(l,nncc Co. v. Stn.11/cy, 276 roli cics. The al'Hllysls, 1l trioI by court anti 1ij "'• 1 Kw ,, 11nr,61 -NOTICE- Marital and family Law Certification Ridingthe The Marilill o1ndfomlly l.iw CertiOca1lonCo rnmhtcc has now been <1ppointedby 1h<' Boord or Comml ~~ionNs of the AlabilmoS tatc>Bnr 10 IX'gin 1hc.,process to certify "1mlly law practltl o spccialisl. In 1ho 11axt few mon1hs1 tho application ilnd tc~tlng pro<.m~wil l be clearly denned ,,nd reported. Dale County Bar Association The Dale County Bar Assodatioo It I$ now p1Jnrll'd that by February1 , 1989, appllc,11ion$ l!lecwd new officers N,M•mber 10 ,11 will be avail,1b)l,to be compleled,,nd submitted by March the monthly bar a&soclt1tlon meeting. 31, and lhe test 15 tentJtlwly .;cheduled in Bi1rnln8hilrn The new offic;f)rs11re : for the morning of May 5, 1989. !)resident: RayK ennington, The purpo,eof ccr1ifica1ion is (Qr 1111orncy,;ro voluntar Ariton ily obtain ccrl1flca1lon by ,, sta1ewide-review commillee Vice. because of thl'lr conccniratlon, experience and contlnu• president: Anlhony R. Livingston, Ing educa11onIn the family l.iw t1roc1and tha1the qun11(y- Newton 1ngt1ltOr11cys bu allowed to npp1oprlatclyannounce such Ihmsurer: Wllliom 11. Filmore, ccrtl ncJllon. 01.:irk Secret.iry: OoniJldC. McCabe, Presently, ,1pproxlrl'IJtcly12 st.. 11es have spccl;ilfimrlon plans In pl,1C4', II st,ll~ h.ivc submiued \pC'ciall1.,1tion Dalevlllt' plans for coun approv;ilJnd 13Mate~ .ire prt,!~e_ntlys1udy lng spccl.ill1..itlonplan s. • TheAlabt1mil Lawyer 23 Young Lawyers' Section s pre;ideni of thi~ ~eC'tion, I hreak the minimum e~etow ,wede repr<'scnting oll lc1wyers in Al11lvirTlil. C,11ollna1 the average prcn1lum for gramwil l be able to grow In lhe years At tht>recent commission meeting mnlpro<:tlcolnsur.i 11ce fo1 their own oheadand thmm;iny of thC!qt.1 1~·~ high in Olmilngh.irn.one order of bu~lncss cnplfve Insurance company is under school students wll l be able to par· was Ihle!Atto ·ncy's lnsuranc.cMutuJI $1,000 per year. Wllh a volatile in· ticipate in and learn from thl~ Ox· of Alab,1mo1,Inc. This,of course,Is the surnnce marketthat i~s ure to lnrrtw,f' perience. The stt1hMldo competition c;aptlvl! in~uranccco mpany that has your premiums and dictate the cir• wlll be hdd the weekendo{ February lxoen formed to wrlte malpraciicc cumswnces under which you p.iy ln 18, 19 and 20 In Montsomery. This coveragefor Alabama lawyf'rs. The i,ur,ince, It is lmpl.!ratlvcthat wo all Is on excellentopponunity for the legal rormotlono( this Insurancecomp,iny t,1ke.in active role 111thb cornptlny. professionto enhanceit~ iniiltle In the will pli.ly ,1 very Important role for Fortho s~ who cannot Jfford tho lnltl.il communityand to devrlop our lenders member'!of the Young Lawye,~· Scc: ltwl!stmont, bi:! aware thot AmSouth of tomorrow. This progmmwould not tlon. Malpractice ln~urancu ,·atub B~rnkIs offeringto lendyou the money be successful, of course, without the C:r 24 January /989 AttorneysAdmitted to Bar,Fall 1988 Pamela KarenAgee ...... Blrmlngh11rn, Alabama Mil,YCAnn Zlcarclll D'Alo~sandro .. . Bessemer, Al11b1Jma Andrew Clay Allen . • •.•.•• , .• Birmingham, Alabama JosephC.irre l Daniel, , • . • • ... /--luntsv/1/e, A!l.lbamil Mary Amelia AndeNon ...•••.••••• Camdon, Alabama Gregory Loui$ Davis ...... • . •Montgom ery, AlrJbama Wade Stephen Andcr~on ...... Birmlnsham, Alabama John C.1lvin Davis, Jr. . • • • . .•. Tuscaloo)c1, A/Jb.ima Chlsorom Uba. Anyanwu ..•.... Monisomery, Alabama Chorles Walch Debardeleben .•. Birml11sham, Alabama All.m LamarArms trong ...•.•..• Birmingham, Al11b11maRi chMd Alan Dela!r...... , .• 8/rminsh,mi, Alflbama Joseph P. H. Bablr1g1011••••.•.••••.• Mobile, Aliib11ma Ooboroh Lynn Dille ...... BirminBliam, Ala/Jama Jeffrey Tipton Baker • , , , , •...•.. Blrmlngh,im, Alabama Merry Virginia Dixon ....•...... 1-/unuvil/e, Alabama Jeffrey Reed Bankston •...... Olark, Al.ibama Mark l.lvlngston Drew ...... Birmingham, Al,,bama Michael Lester Bell • . • • , ••..• Birmingham, Al.ibama Thoma~Sam uel Duck , , •.. Birmingham, i\/,1bama ThomasH art Benton, Jr. . . • • . . • • Mobile. Alabama CllbM ForbesDukes , Ill Mob/le, i\/i1bama Johnny Vinson Berry .... , ...... Cu/lmiln, Alabama Linda Lee Dukes Bfrmlnglwm, Alabamil Anthony James Bishop .•...... •.•• Boaz, Alabama David Alan Elliott • BirmlnghJm, i\lJbamJ Sonja Faye Bivens .•...... Moh/le, Alabama Hugh Raymond Evans, Ill ...... Montgomery, Alabama Johanna Klip Bl.ick •.•.•.•..... Bo~ton, Massachusetts Rose Pnulnctto Evan& ...•...... •. Ooth;in, Al,1boma Jc((rey Michael Blankenship ... , •... Ma Robin Denise Blevins ... , .... , . Blrm/11ghrJm1 Alabama Eliirnboth Anne Forester •...... WJ$h/ngton, D.C. Michael Lyle Bloomston . , , , • , , • BlrmlnghrJm, Al.1bama Denson N;iul~ Franklin, Ill . . . . Birmingham, Alf!bama Paul Poter Bolus .....••.•...•. Birmingham, Alabamil Thom;i~ Roe Frazer, II . . • . . .. . Jackson,Mllllssfppl LauraAnn Bownu~~..•...•..•••. •Andolu sla, Alabam.i Michal'! David Freeman . . •. , , • Birm,ngh.im, AIJbama Deloris Mitchell Boykin ...... Birmingham, Alabama Sherri Tucker Freeman...•• , . • . Birmingham, Al,tbiJmn Randall Keith Boleman ...... Montsomcry, Alaban)a Jomes Guy Fullan •...... Birmingham, AlabamJ Liso Ann Bradford...... Gulf Shores, AlabamJ ErskineRamsay Fundcrbuq~. Jr ...... Pell City, Ah1b1JmJ John Robert Bradwell •...... Montgomrry, Alabama RogerKing Fuston•...... Birmingham, A/Dbama Edith Annette Bri.lshler •...•.•••.• Tuscaloosa, Alabama Fmnk Co/fey Galloway, Ill ...•... 8/rminHham, Alobama Bradley Sorrell Braliwt'II • . . . . . Union Sprlns~. Al.ibama John RichardGalvin ...... Ieed~ . Al,1bama Scott Gardner Brown . • . . . . Dapl11w,Al,ibama Cayle Hilywood Gear • • ...... I lelena, Ali1bam11 Mary Srnlth Burn s • ...... Birmlngh.im, AIJbd11la Anthony Cernrd George •..••.•. 8/rmmgham. Al.ibnma John rludson Burton, Jr. . ...•... Birmin9ham, AIJbamc1 Gwundolyn Thoma,;George Montgomery. A/JbamJ Clifford Louis Cllll s, Jr.. • ...... Montgomery, AIJbama John Cdward Goodman . . . . • . Birmingham. Al,1bamJ Orlon Gray Callison, Ill ...... Birmingham. Alabama Cr<1lg Whitfield Goobby ... , •.... , .• Mob/le, Alab.ima Chorles Edward Calloway ...... Montgomery, Alabama Ellsso I lutson Green . • . • • •.... , f-/untsvll/c1 Ahlbama Andrea Denise Campbell...•.... Birminghnm, Alabama StephenKe ller Greeno•••..••... Birmingham, Alabama Boyd FrederickC;unpbc ll , ...... Montgomery , AlabiJma l l~a Claire Gullage • • . • . . . . Montsomery, Alabama Thomas Franklin Campbell ...... Birmingham, Alabama Bert Morgiln Guy • • • • • Tuscaloosa, Alabama JonathanWayne Cartee•...... Birmingham, Alabama Mary Kathryn Hallman •...•...... fu fau/a Ah1b1Jma D,ivld Baldwin Chc1mplln..... , . Birmingham, Alabama P.itrlcla Anne Hamilton .... MontgomNy, Alilbama James SturgeonC hrbtlu, Jr..••... Birmingham, Alabama James I lughes H,tncock,Jr ...... , 8/rm/ng/lilm, Al<1bama Andrew Chrislophc1 Clauhw, . .. New Orleons1 Louisiana John Richard I lansen...... Blrmlng/lJm, Al,1/Jamil Undo Fay Clousen ...•.••..••..... K<'nner,l .ovlslano Bart Gregory 11 .irmcm• • . . . • . . • Montgomery, Al.iba,na Renee Mynene Colll<.'r••••••••.• Birmingham, Alabama Sharon Eleanor I larvcy .... , ... , .. Camdt111, AIJb.ima Jonath;in Hollis Cooner • Mont11omery, Alab<1ma Robert WIiiiam Hl!nsley, Jr...... Bluefield, Wc5t Virginia Lawrence Cooper • • • • . 8/rmlngh.Jm,Alabamil Willl.im Schley Hcrorord .. 8irminsham. Alabama Charles David Col1ingham • Tu~cJIOO\cl, Alabama Lucy Cathcart Hicks . Blrmingh,,m, Al,1bama Konnelh Woocl Cox, Jr. , . • • . • , Troy, Alabama RobertBenjamin Hill , ••• , • • ...... Atl,,ntil, (,eorgla Brent Maurice Craig •....•.....•.•. DccMur, Alabama Joseph I fenry Hilley ••.•.. , . . . Birmingham. i\li1bama Jomes Clayton Crims haw ...... • Montsomcry, Alabama Cll:tr1b0th13..irn es Hilyer •.• , • , . . .. Cl,1111011, Al11br1ma Timothy Perry Cul popper ...... Montsomery, Alabama Colla Sullivan I llnson . • • • . • • . • . Do11g/<1svlllc•1 Ceorgia Ann Lee Curtrlghl • , . . . • • •...... Mob/le, Alilbama Daisy Mae Holder ...... , . Birmingham, Alilb,1mc1 Daniel SargentC1.1shlng . . Mob/le, Alabama Cindee Dale Holmes . • . • • • . Birmingham, A/Jbama Judith Carmell D'Alp,;sandro BcsJicmcr, Alabama Cymhla Gall I looks . Birmingh11m.Al abama 'fl1C'A labama Lawver 25 Ernest Clayton Hornsby, Jr...... Birmingham, Alabama Thomas JonathanP ack •..•.••..•...•. Houston, Texas Steven Mitchell Howie ...... Galveston, Texas Timothy Alan Palmer •.... , • ...• Birmingham,Alabama Donald Gene Jack~on ..•••.... . Birmingham, A/:Jbama Matthew James Pappas ...... Birmingham, Alabama Joey Kynn Jamf!s ...... Florence,Alabama Jayna Jacobson Partain.•.•..•... 8/tmlngham,/\labam;.i Robert WIii son Jenkins, Jr...... ••.. Florence, Alahc1mc1 Ellzabeth Palg!,!Pa norson •••.••• Montgomery, Alabama Elizabeth Johnson ...... • , ..... Montgomery, Alabama Alison MacDt>nald Peeler ••..... , •.. Mobile, Al:.ibama L. Scott Johnson, Jr...... Montgomery, Alabama Mary Jann Perry •...•...•.•.••. Birmingham, Alain,ma James Emory lohnston ...... Troy, Alabama Thomas Russell Peterman, Jr••...•... Mobile, Alabama Andrew McEvllley Jones ...... •.•.• , Mobile, Alabama Abram Lewis Philip s, Ill •.•.•••.•.••. Mobile, Alabama Rhonda Gayle Jones ...... Homewood, Alabama Eliz11bethN eal Pitman ... . . •... . Birmingham,A labama Julia EvansJ ordan ...... Montgomery, Alabama Max Cleveland P<>pe, Jr...... Birmingham,A labama Parkey Diano Jordan ...... Birmingham, Alabama Stephen Rargainlar Porteriield ... Montgomery, Alabama Sandra LynnJ ordan ...... •...... F;iirfield, A/a/Jama Thoma~ Willard Powe, Jr...... • Montgomery,A labama Stephen Gory Jordon ...... •.... Birmingham, Alabama Deborah Guthrie Powell ..•...•.. •Alaba ster, Alabama Cecily Linne Kaffer ...... Mobile, Alabama Clay Dean Price ...... •.••..•.. Daphne, Alabama Charles JosephK elley ....••..... '/'uscaloos-a,Alabama Dennis Wayne Price •...•...... TuscJloosa,A la/Jama Constance Renee Kidd ..•...... Tuscci/oosa, Alabama John David Pugh •...... 13/rminsham,A labama Cavendar Crosby Kimble ••..••..•.•. Phoon/x,Arizona Kathryn Ottensmeyer Pugh ...•.. Birmingham, Alabama Brent Alden King ...... •.. , ••. . /-lu11tsvllle, Alabama Wi lli11mE dward Ramsay ...... Birmingham,Alabama Steven David King ...... •...•. Birmingham, Alabamn Gary Roger Roal ...... Birmingham,A labama Robl'.lrt Edward Kirby, Jr••.• , •. , . Birmingham, Alabama JeffreyLang Rll ey . •.•.•.•...... Tuscaloosa,A labama Thomas Owen Kolb, Jr...... Birmingham,Alabama Gregory Scotch Ritchey .•. , .•••. Birmingham,Alabama Cynthia La mpr ... , ...... Birmingham, Alabama Timothy Scott Ritchie ..•...... Birmingham,A labam;,i Kelley Lynn Laughlin ...... Birmingham, Alabama John Steven Robertson ...... Ann/sw n, Ala/Jama Robin Garreh Laurie ...... •. MoMgomcry, Alabama Kenneth Paul Robertson, Jr. . , ...... Ca,lsden, Alabama Vincent Rr1yLe dlQw ...... Birmingham, Alabama Chri stopher Stanley Rodgers •.... Birmingham, A/11bama Wesley Tony Leonard ...... •.. LaGrange, Georsla Danny Wayne Rogers, Jr. •...... Mon(IJOmcry,A labama Ceci I Lamar Loper .....•... . .• Montgomery, Alabama James Robin kogers ...... Blrmlngham1 Alabama Dana Leigh Love •...•...•...... Talladega,Alabama Creola Gibby Ruffin •...... , . Mobile, Alabama Peter Loftis Lowe, Jr.. , .. , .. , MovntiJ/n Brook, Ala/Jama Jame_sMa cDonald Russell, Jr..••.•. Greenville, A/abamn Glenn Harris LubeI ...... Homewood, Alabama Stev<.ln Charles Sasser.....•..•••••• Decatur,A labama Jeffrey Lynn Luther ••...... Mobile, Alabama James Donald Scars...•..•... , ... Northport, Alabamil Kendall Walton Maddox .. .•... . Birmingham, Alabama Kathy Elalne Segler ...... •. . AlexanderC ity, Alabama StephenJ oseph Maggio ...... , Birmingham, Alabama Gilbert Porterfield Self ...... Florence, Alabama Tamela Sheree Martin ...•...... Leighton, Alabama William B1Jrwell Sellers ...... Montgomery,Alabama Thoma~ Wi lson McCutc:hcon, Jr. .. Birmingham,Alabama Kenneth Edward Sexton, II ...... Blrmln,tham. Alabama John Forrest McDaniel • , •.•.•••. Birmingham, AlabnmiJ Lowe ll Landis Sexton ...... Montgomery,Alabama James Glenn McElroy •••••.•••. Birmingham,Alabamil John Walter Sharbrough, Ill ...... Mobile, Alabama Willi am Stova McFadden ...... Mobile, Alabama Margaret Susan Shepherd ..•••.•.. Huntsville, Alabam11 Ami Helen McRae •...•... • ...... Mobile, Alabama Laura Scott Shores • . . • • • • , •.•• Blrmineham,Alabama 4 John Steven Meador ...... , I /untsv///e, Alabama Michael Carl Shores ...... •... Birmingham,A labama James Ahin Mendelsohn .. .•... . Birmlngfiam, Alaba,r'l 26 January1 989 Felfce Ann Stem •••••••.••.•.. BirmlnghtJm, Alabama Lonnie Oolphu~Wainwri!Jhl, Ir. •. Birmingham,Alilbamil Mith.lei Ci,1rne1S 1ewart •.•.•.• , • Birmingham,Alabama Su~;,nJames Walker • • . . • . , .. Birmingham, Al:ibama SusanCarol Stewart. •....• • •• Andrews AFB, Maryland Jack Booker Weaver , ••• , ••• , • , • , • Brewton,AlabamR Christopher Mark Strength ...... Birmingham,A labama Robert Moore Weaver ••. , ••• , •• Birmingham,Alabama ).,mesW arren Tarlton, IV . • ... . , .. •• Mon/le, Alabama David Falconer Webber ...• , ..•• , .• Mob/le, Alabama Jo Alfson Taylor ...... Birmingham,A labama Helen Crump Wells ..•..• , •••. Montgomery,A labama Peyton Clark Thetford .••••....•...• Mob/le, Afilbama Christopher Mlchael Wcs1 ••••..•• , •• Mobile, Alabama WIiiiam Cooper Thompson , •..•. Birmingham, Alabamil Anlt.i BarnesWe stberry • • • • . . Birminsham,Alabama Lisa Carol Tin,ley ..•.. , , .. , .....•. Mob/le, Alabama Larry RussellWhile • • . • •.... Birmingham, Al11bam11 Naomi I losea Truman •...••.••. Birmingham, Alabama StephanieRose Whil e ••••••...• Blrrningllam, Alabama Barry Webb Tucker •••... , ...•. Blrmlng/Mm,Alabama Calvin Mercer Whilesell, Jr•..... Montgomery,Alt1hamc1 Joseph McNarneeTucker •...•.•• Tuscaloos.i, Alabama Carleton Richard Wilkins. , , , . , , , . , •. Mobile, Alabam;i John Thomas Tully ...... Birmlnghom1 Alabama Lori Joyce Wll llarns . , ...•... • .•.• Lexington,Alaba ma EdwordT otum Tumor . . ..••...... Ch11tom, Alabama Rlchord Scoll WI Il lam~.. . , ...... Arlington, Virginia Karen Pallette Turner .•.....•.. Mc:>nt9omery1 Alabama Thomns Patrick Wllllarns ...... Say Mineue, Alabnmo Richard DillardTurner , • • • • • . Tuscdloosa,Alabam,1 Wendy Lee Williams ...... Birmingham, Alabama Robert Barry Tuten • • • , ••••• Montgomery, Alabama Phyliss Craig Wimberly ••• Ch11pelHill , North Carollna Thomas Glenn Tutten, Jr. • ••..•• Birmingham, Alabama JIii Verdeyen Wood • • • • • . . ••• . Birmingham,Afobamo Joyce White Vance •. , • • • , • • • Birmingham, Alabama KennethTim Wyatt .••••••.•.•. Birmlnsllam, Alabama JesseS tringer Vogtle, Jr. .•...•• , • Birmingham,Alabama Stovon Joseph Youngpet.er • , ••••.• TuscaloosiJ,Alab11ma Wllllam RandallW ad1.1. ....•• , Russell Spring, Kcnwcky 0 11rnr Raul Zamora ..•. , , •••••• Birmingham, Alabama Fall 1988 Bar Exam Statisticsof Interest Number sitting for exam • • • •...••....•..... , . . . • . . . •••••••...... •.•...•..... 395 Numb~r ,errlf1ed to SupremeCourt ...... , , ...... ••.••.... , .•...... •...... •...... 245 Cartlflcatlon rate ...... , , •...... , ...... , ..... , , , ... , ...... , .. 62 °lo Certlncationp ercentage~: Unlvcrsicyo( Alabam a ...... • . . . • • • • • . • . • ...... 70% Cun,bcrland...... • . • • . . • . . . • • ...... • • . . . • . • ...... 68% Alabamanona ccredhedJaw school~ .•.• , , , • . . • • • , • ~ ...... , ••... 3.J'Yo -NOTICE- Public TV Provides"Tax Break" Specializedtax advice for spedflc segment11of the American1}QpulJllor 1will be br0r1dcr1~1on Alilbarn.:i Publit TclL'VI· slon in January In a 15-patt sorle~ cn1hled 1i\X TIPSON TAPE. Developed by tho IRS .ind publlc television, each 13 and VJ minute programb IJtgctc.>dat one of 15 dl&tlnctt.ix • payorgro up$, including mllltary personnel, oducaturs,older Amrrlcan~, doycilroproviders ,rnclmedical per~onnel. APT wlll broadcastTAX TIPSON TAPCfrom II to 11:.30p.m . Monday through Wednesday, January9-11, .,nd on Thursday, Janw1ry1 2 from 11to 11:14 p,m. While 1he hour h lato, AP'I c1nd1he IRS cncouragt:' t.iplng of tht• ~cries for later use!at taxpayerc onvenience. The dates orbroodc,N for specific taxpayergroup s are as follows: January 9 Clergy January 11 Medic..il Pt:r~onnal Tip lnc:ome Recipient~ DaycareProvider~ January 10 Peoplewith Second Job~ Jonoary 12 Children with Income Older Americ:ans I he Ail.lbama Lawyer 27 cle opportunities 26 thursday PRACTICAL LEGALPROBLEM S Harb~rt Center, Blnnlngham Cu111berla11dIn sti lute for CLE Credits: 6.0 Cost: $95 (205) 870•2865 19-20 3 friday 26-27 ADVANCEDSTRATEG IES IN COMMERCIAL LAW EMPLOYMENTLAW PREPARATIONOF ANNUAL Blrmlnghc1m Hyatl R~!Jency, San Frnnc;lsc:o DISCLOSURE DOCUMENTS Alabama Bar Institute.!fo, CLE f>ractl~ing Lowlni.tltuu :1 Waldorf-Astoriali otcl, New York ~recllts: 6,0 Cosl: $85 Cre(,llts: 12.0 C0st: $425 Pmctislng Law Institute (205) 3411-62:10 (212) 76S·5700 Cr<,!dlrs:11.0 Co~t: $450 (212) 765-5700 CHAPHR 11 BUSINESS REORGANIZATIONS 6-7 Helmsley Hotel, New York 26-28 Pr<1ctising Lriw lnsti\ute Crl;!dlts: 11.0 Cost; $425 MIDWINTE~C ONFERENCE ADVANCED ANllTRUST (212) 765-5700 Wynfrey f-l(l)tel, Bi~mlnghan, Fairmont Hntel, Chkt1gP Alabama Trial Lawyurs Assoola!lon Pra<1"tbingLilw lnstlt11le c ,edlts: 9.0 (205) '262-4974 Crcdili.:1 0.3 Cost: $475 20 friday (212)765 -5700 WORKERS' COMPENSATION 27 friday Atlanta 10 friday Atlanta Bar AG5oC'iatlcm REALE STATE Cr~{:ltt.~:6.0 Atl.mtil (404) S21·071l1 Atl.inw Bar A~~odalic,n SOCIAL SECURITYVETERANS ' & Credits: 6.0 WORKERS' COMPENSATION {404) 521-0781 CLAIMS Ad,nlral %111111es,Mobil~ Cun1berl,111<.IInstitute for CLE 25-27 Credits: 6,0 Cost: $90 (205) 870-2865 ANTITRUST IN THE HEALTHCARE FIELD ALABAMAAPPELLATE PRACTI CE Capital HIito n, Washington, DC Blrmlngllilm Nati.9nnl 1-lealth Lawyer~ Asi;odiltlon Alt1hamaB11r ln ~tittitP for CI.F Credits: 13,8 Cost: $4S0 Crecllti,:6,0 Co~t: $!15 (202) 833-1100 (205) 148·6230 28 January 1!J BY 22-24 12-18 OIL & GAS LAW& TAXATION SKI SEMINAR We,tln 1101111, Odil,,, P;irk Ci1y, Ut,1h Southwl•~t(•rn Leg::ilroundr.ltlon Al,1bamilTria l L.,wycrsAssodn tlon Cree.lit):16 .5 CoM: $175 (214) 6'10-2377 (205) 262 ·1974 13-15 EMPWYMENTD ISCRIMINATION 12-16 Doubletrc•('I nn, Dalla~ Southwe~ternI PR,1I Foundation TRIALADVO CACY (214) 690-2377 M111,11•l1wne I 101111.New Or h·,rnh N,,111111.11 Colk•gt·ol IJi~tricl l\ttorrwy~ (71l} 7•19·1571 2-3 16-17 IMPACTOF ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS STRUCTURING AND CAPITAi IZING M •.u~ I lopkln~ Hotrl, ~.,n F1.:1nc,)c.o BUSINESS ENTERPRISES 17 friday l' 1JctlslllH L,1w lns1il~1IP I lyati Regen WORKERS' COMPENSATION MEDICAL/LEGALUPDATE • SKI BANKING LAW R,1m;idaCivic C1•11tPr,Birmlngl1o1m Sl:MINAR H1rmingh,1ni ( umlwrldncl ln,111111<>fnr CL[ L.1kt>T,,hot· Al;ibama 13,11ln~tflUle for Clf Crr-rllt,:6.0 c:o~t; $CJ5 A,\oc l,'llion 01 TtiJI I ,1Wyt.•r)of ( r1.1dit~:C,.O (2(Jlj) 870-2865 Amc•11c,1 (205) 348 Ci2J{) (800) 424-2725 17-18 10 friday BIUOCE•THE-CAP ADVANCEDFAM ILYL AW Bi1111 l 11ghdm 13irmln1-1h,1m Al,tlhllll,1 R,u h1,tltUt1!for Cl f Ali1h.:ini.1B,tt l11>tl1u1e r or Cl.t Cwwfl'- 12.CI Crntflt,: h.O (.!OSI !--18-(12HJ (205) HB-6230 29 Lawyersin the Family C;:i/vln M. Whl1e~cl/, Jr.(1988); Chrls1/ne W. Lewis(1981); Ca lvin Charles Ale" Short (1988);Amy W/lll:tn1sonJone~ (1987); ' John M. W/J/((m~/1(1951); Timothy lewis (1988);and /31//Prendergr1s1 F/e1c:/1erJone, (1953);Jahn rtccc/icr /01ws,Jr. (1987) (adml ttee, (1980)(admlttee, sister, father, brother5·1n-law) s/srer-ln-hiw,(ilthcr-ln -law, brotht't ln•liiw) /onillhan W. Carwc (1988); Scn111orRlch.,rd Shelby (196/); WIii/am S. McFadden(1988); Stow, r. Mcladdcn (1955);Bech MkhJel J. (Jrlcc (1979);David 0. Shelby (1978)(«1dml1tt!c, un• McFaddenRouse (1978); Robert I I. Romt1(1980 1(Jdml ttce, foher, cle, brotlwr, cou)/n) si5ter;bro1her,in-/Jw) front row GregoryS. Rilchey (1988):AlbC'rt E . Rirchcy(1959); FerrisS . Ritchey,Jr. ( 19S7);Ferri) S. Ritchey, Ill (/984) borkrnw- Roberi M. RILchcy(1985);' Ccorse M. f~/1c:/wy(1978); f<>l'rlIW. Stephl•ns (198/J;Joscp/J T. Ritclwy (1981)(admlttcc, Mlthnc/ C. S 11iwdrl (1988);Amy W.Sww.:irt (1983) (admlttoo, wife) fo.thC'r,1Jnr/a, tou~ins) J4 /JnuJry I 989 Steven/. Youngpcter(1988); Michael A. Younspcter(1987); Laura Mi.lry Beth O'Ne,11(19811); Robert W. O'Neill (1974) (admlttee, L Youn8f)f'ter (1987)(.idmiucc. brother. slster-ln-1.,w) fJ1her) 0Jvid B. Champlin (1988); EIILabcthA. Chi!mp/ln (1984)(ad JackMerrell Nolrn, Jr.(1988); Jack M. Nolen, Sr. (1952); Theron mlttee, sister) W..,vncNolen (7982)(aclmlttcCl, f,Jtlwr, bro ther) E.C./ lornsby,Jr , (1988);E.C. I lornsby,~r. /amCls W. Torlt on, IV (1988);/,,me s W. Andrea D. Campbell (1988);Jolin A. Len· (1960)(;idmlttec, f.1thcr) Tarlton, Ill (1961)(admlt1cc 1 father) tine (1987)(odmittee, fiancc) The A/Jbdma l.awycr 35 FrankCoff~ Gal/O'vvay,Ill (198lJJ;rr.111k Chrlltophcr Swnley Rodgers(1988); W. Coffee C.11/oway,fr. (1962) (Jdmluce, A. Lewis Phi/Ip.\, Ill (1988);Abrc1m L StanleyRodsers (1964} (admiuee, father} ft1ther) Phillps, Jr.(1959) (admlttc•c, father) Jaml!1,H . HancoC'k,Jr. (1988); Judge JameI H. Hancock (T9S7J JosephMcNaml!I! fucker (1988);Bl/Ill• Anne Crouch Tucker (admlttee, father) (1959)(adml ttt•t•, mother) D. wlgh love•(1988); Betty lnve (1965); /-lt1cl Love(1949) (lld· Rand,1/1Keith Bn7f!nJnn (198/l);Judgu A. Ted 801cm.in (1%7) mltlCL', mother: r.,rher) (oclmlttrc,fM h or) 36 /,lnUil,Y I 989 CIILJbethBarne~ /-I/Iyer (1988);Charle( 11. Barnes(1963) (ad C.1rlctonRichard Wilkin) (1988);Robert B. WIikins( 1948);Robert mlttt>e,father) 8. Wilkins, Jr.(1980) (.1cimittee, fJ(hcr; brother) Alb,on MdcDonald f'rf'ler n988): David Rowles Peeler(1983) /. Cuy Fu/Ian(1?88); Jomes M . Fu/Ian,Jr. (1950); Marg,11C'l Sparks (ac/mmec,hu~IJ.ind) (ulldn (7953)(admlure, mrher,mother) PJmclaKaren Agee (1988); WI/lion, M. Acker, Ill (1')86);Jc1ds e JnmesM.icDonald RusJ.e/1,Jr. ( 1988); P.Richard I IMtley (1971) W/1/inmM . Acker, Jr.(1952) (cJdmittPc, hu ~band, father•ln-law) (admittee, uncle) The>Afobama tawy11r 37 Glenn H. I ubeJ (1988); Edwnrd B. R11ymon(1973) (adrnitwc, E. r..,wmTurner (1988);Edward P. Turner.Jr. (1955); Halron W. brother-In-law) Turner (1984) (admluce, father, brother) Kend,1/1\!\{t/ton Mnddox (1988); Justice /-/ugh M11ddox(1957) (ad Judith C. D'Alessandro(1988),· Marye Ann ZlcMclll D'Alessan· mittee, cousin) dro (1988) (admitteeslsister..-in-law) lnur/l S. Shores(1988); Justice Janie L. Shurcs(1959); James I .. Kathryn Otccnsmeycr Pugh (19R8);Jo hn Dtl'lld Pugh (1988) Sliorcs (1956)(lldmlttee, mother; fal/1,•r) (admlucc~lspouscs) 38 Janu,,ry 1989 Rhcmd;i Jones(1988); R .8. Jones(1953) Donalrl C. Jackson (1988); BIiiy W. ilso Cu/loge (1988):J udge Jim Cu/loge (t1dmlt Richard 0. Turner(1988) ; louf~e I. Turner(l For extra copies of these family photo graphs or group photographscontact: Margaret Lacey (205) 269-1515 DilVld A. [I/Iott (1988); rd8iJf M , El/Iott , 111(1953) ; ( .M Flliotl , IV (1982)(admltt!!I.! , falher. hmrher} The Alobam,1/ .Jwyc, 39 BuildingAlabama's Courthouses by Samuel /\, Rumore, Jr. square wooden ba!.c and topped with a weather vane. l he roof consbts of the The following continuesa history of Ala origlndl rolled copper plate. Since it bama's county courthouses- their ori tea5Ca!dto ) !!f\11.l c1b .1 courthouse, this gins and some of the people who con building .ilso h,1s bt.-en u~cd as a mill · tributed to their growth. The A labama tary college, high school, junior high I.Jwyer pl.ins lo run one county's story school, elementary ~chool .ind ~enior In each issue of the magazine. U you citi1en's nutrition cl'nter. have any photographs of early or prcii• The town of Somerville !.erved as ent courthouses, please Forward them county seat for Mor11t1nCou nty for over to: 70 years;h owever,Sume rvlllo was In .i Sr1111ut>IA. R umore, )1. land-locktld location, and other areas Mlgllonico & Rumori;, of th!! county ~ro r,1pldly growing. On 1230 Brown Marx r ower February 10, 1891, the legislature ap. BlrmlnghJm, Aldbclmd 3520J pravcd an clcctlon to determine the site for the M!llt o( Ju!\lice. The choiceswere n,1mrd for Lieutenant lfobert M. Sum 10 keep the courthouse ot Somerville, mrrvi lle orTenne,see,who died ill the move it to the more central location of B11t1le of Hor~eshoe Bend M.irc.h 27, Hartr,r lle or trilnsfer It to the fastest 18 t.l. rhe spellin(i of tht• town'~ n.une growlng area at Decatur. Morgan County was later d1dnKt!<.I. It is spcrnl ,1tcd1h .11 Seulers hod lived In the Decatur area Mo11:1Jn County wJs orl gl11,1lly the homo of Wllllom V,1ughanIn Som• known ns Khodr~ l·crry L,indlng ilS early nam<'d Cotnco Coun1y. The Al,1h11ma 1.wllleWil 5 the ~lw o ( the co1111~c,~ lons. as 1818. On March 22, 1820, the Territorial lcRlslature created Co1,1ro On June 14, 1821, th<' 11<1111c CotJco famous Amcriciln n;wal officer Stephen County In February 1818 from l,ind~ County was chaniied 10 Morga,, Coun Decatur, hl!ro of the Trl11oll War and the cedrd by the CherokeeInd ians ln 1816. ty In honor of Cienr r.il Dnnlc•I Morgilf'I War of 1812, w,ts killed in a duel. Soon Difforcnt &ourc.e attribut~ the nanw of l\>nnsylVilnia who Wil~ il famou, Rev after tlm 1r.1gcdy, il group of Morgan "Co1aco" 10 ,in Indian chlt!f In tlw .irl•J, olutionary War learler He h,1cl tlPft'il led County developers took 1hename De his tribe or a large creek 111.11flow,, the Br1ti~h ill the B,1Ult.>01 Cowptm~. catur Land Company. They sold their through the nor1heaste111part ot thl' South Carolinil, on )ilnuary 17, 1781. first lot July 9, 1820, and their town on county. Courl!t Wtil'l' held in S011wrvlllc In c.1 the TenM s~ee River stc.idlly grew. By The nmco un ses~ion convened Junt• tr,1mc building that bu11wd, The 1891 more than half orM organ Coun· 8, 1818. The building used was ii fom1or wooclon wut .tun.! Wil'- wpl,1ced hy J ty'~ popularion re~icfodIn Decatur and stageco,,ch exchnnge or fnn. It~ lora l>,'lt'k building COl'l'itrut.tcd .,round 1837, its twin dly o( N<.IWDccn tur. The result tlon w.1b ,,e.ir the l:vr1e ommunl 1y1 .ind This Somerville cou,thoU~<' IC!m,1ln\ of the courthoust• clc<.tlo,, wai. a fOrl.! llw ~,ructure todr1y ,s 1-nown ilfi tht• ~t,rnding today,an 40 JantJ/Jry 1989 Somerville Dff,1tur drugstore building lCX"illedat the cor presidarl over by JudgeJ omes E. Hor· a bond issuo wa~ appro~d (or its re nor o( Oak anclCaln $Ireel s. This build• Lon. A third triol commenced on No placement. Sovcral groups proposed Inf\ still stands ,rnd Is known "' the vember 17,1934 1 A fourth trial beg.i'n thr11rhe old courrhouhc bLilldlng bE' McEntlre Bufldlng. r1rcdamage c., uscd In 1936,and resumedon July 13, 1937. u~ed for a county musc_um,but th~ 1he removalo( the top story. The build· During thl~ time the ~" o( the nallon ~tructure was demoll~hcd .ind tho sltt! Ing wa~used for apartment!>until 1988, were Oxcdon Decaturand thP Morgan ,~ now Co!"m:o SquarePark lociltL'tl be and ii currently I~under renovation. County Courthouse,i'mrl prP$S coverage hind the present-daycou rthou~o. A new courthou~ewa s occu1)ICd hy was extensive.Alte r o1co nvfc:tlonwa~ re l he new Morgon County Courthouse the county In 1893. It w11s a rout-story ported In one o( the lrlal~. Wnlwr Win was de~ignedby arrhftect Walter t--lall brick structure located on Ferry Stroot , hell, possiblyknowing the ~toryof the of the nrm Hall & Colvard. Thecon 1rac and cost approxlrrillely '$45,000. Tho statue, told hii; r.idio list~110~."Jus tin" tor was Gr~ham, William~ & John~on building was topp<:dby a clock tower. in Morgan County has no ~calel..'' Co. o( Decatur. Tho building Is of con· lnslrle the building, ur1derthe rotunda, Thb cour1hou~e, which had been tC'mporaryde~lgn con~lstlng of four ~toodo bronze s1.ituc of lustite holding hastily erected in 1928,s erved Morgan storiesand a bascme,11.It wa~occup lPrl scale~ in her left hand and a ~word In County ror almost 50 years. It w,b a by the cotrnly In April 1976,Jnd the for her right. This courthouse wa~ re two-,~tory strutturtJ built or oranst"' mal dedlc.illon took pl.1ceSund.iy, Sep modeledin 1918. colored brick. The m,1in <'nlrancewa s tember 12, 1976.Th is modern cdiOcc In 1927a fire guttrd the interior of thL' flanked by .i pair of Ionic columns Is .i fitting monumenl to the county building ,u;d the clock tower cra!.hcd whi,h supported a ClaS)fc,11f}c>dlment. where three prior wuctu,es, which Into the wucturo. Tlw dtii:ens of I-tart· By 1972lh t! building wAsno longf'r ad havese rved;iq the county courthouse, ~elle ln,medlntcly sought to have the equ;uefo r the needsof llw county,r1nd still survlw. • courthouse removc 41 Recent Decisions by John M. Milling, Jr., and David B. Byrne, Jr. a nd usedby the District Anorncy's of and mmondcdbeciluse thr daf~ndant's Recent Decisions of the 8Jtson objection til me too 1.ite. Supreme Court of Alabama fice .... " Criminal Thi.!Supreme Court of Al;ibilma, hi Competency to stand trial d pc.•tcur/Jm opinion, reversed.ind ro motion for psychiatric examina md11dcd;in doing so, the court h,b tion; the rationale of Davis v. State Is there a lime limit on making a given us a "brightline lt!~l" regarding extended Batson objection? the limeliness of a 8abon objection. Gordon v. St..1te,22 ABR 3312 Bell v. State.2 2 ABR3595 42 January 1989 psychiatric evaluation lacked the Alabama (irearms enhancement Tho Suprtmw Court o ( Alilbilmo necessary elementsunder Davis v. Swtc, statute tri ggered only by element of dlsc1greed.i nd reversed.Ju,lf ce Jones 3S4 So.2d334 (Ala.Crim.App. 1978). In int entiona l cr imina l co nduct focused the is~ueas follows: Davis, the Al.ibaM.i Court o( Criminal McCree v. State, 22 ABR 3617 " . The re~tu 1ion of 1hii 1,,w rc Appeols held 1h.i1thre(! factorswere 10 (September 16, 1988)-De( cndant wa& qui~ a 1wo-str 1> process. First, lmpllch be considered by the trial cour1 In convic"trd for 111dl1!>1aughter and so,,. lr1 the lt11111uc1Ke o( §13A-5-G(11)(S)...i.1 Orearmor rlenclly wt>uponw.is 11 ~od or evaluating on Jccusod'~competency to tencod 10 10 years In prl~on und er Ala st,1nd trial: attempted 1,1bf' uwd In tlw comml:1- . bdmd'~ Flrenrm Enhanccrnent Statute, ~lon of the felony.!-is the requlrcnie,11 I. the existence of a history orlrrJ· § 13A-5-6(a)(5),Code of AIJbtJma( 1975). th.JIthe und •rlylnsfelony for which the tional behavior. Al trlal, defendant's attom~ nleda wril · defendnmIs convlc.tedhlM ', 11, onoof 2. prior medical opinion; and, ten motion 10 bar the U)C o( the enhance lb neccss,1ry elon1ent$,th e l!lt•m~·nl of 3. the ac:cusecl'~dcmeJnor al trial. lntt·nrIon di crl min a I con duct. ment provisions In dewrmliilng his Thercroro, Mt:Cruo's reckless or The Slate contended that Gordon sentence. Tho trial coun denied the negligent ron The Alabama I awycr 43 a dc;idly weapon to commit the underly. Cour1 ~ tablished 1he stand;ird for 1he found In defendant's possession,;in('! he In~ felony Is the classlc~l tuatlon Intend· review or an lnerrectlve nsslstanceor w.is sub,cquently chargedwith unlawful cd by the legislature to Invoke the en• cou11selclaim: po~susstonof mMfjuilM, Defendant hanced penalt)', ·~ convicted rfPIPndrm1·~ claim that moved to ~uppressthe evidence of the Here, the jury returned J verdict of couno;el's assistancew.u so dl/focll\lC;i~ mJrijuanaon ground~t h,11the att'eSI writ manslaughteragaln\t 1hec!Pfendilnl. By 10 require rtwrsal o( .i co1wlctlonor on the mi~demeanorwas not in posses dt>illhM?ntcnce hd• two components. virtue of that finding, the Juryellmina 1ed Fll";I,1hr defendi!ntmus! show that <.lonof ihe police ofnccr at lh<' time of the el!!ment ordefendc1nt'i. Intention.ii rouns<1I'\ pPrformancewas dcOcicmt. his 11mmas required by §15·10·3.Code use or .i firearm as .i mc.1nsto take This requlll!Sshowlns th.ii couni.c l w,1s of A/Jb,1ma(1975) . not (unc:tionIng ,ts 1tw 'coun\el' human life.T he culpnblllty of defendant On ,ippeal, the is~uufo r review was for recklessnesswas esl.tbllshed by lhe 14uar.i11teed thedefrndnn t by the Sixth Arnandment.Second, the dcfe11d,1nt whether the State bear~ thu burden of Jury's verdict. TherC'fore,the trial court mu~Ishow 1h.i1lhu cMl<.:tentperfor, proving 1heE!XIS1Cl1C<.' o( il valid wrll or WilS without authorityto ~nrence defen mancc prejudlct-dthf' defMM!. This re arTC'sl .ll lhe lime and placeof dPfPnd,mt's dan1under an enh.incementstillute thilt, quire, ~howing that counsel's erro~ arm~,.Jnd, If so, whether the trial courl \WW~ seriousns to dl!privothe df'f('n• by 11~very terms, I~ lnmked by a erredIn denying the motion 10 wppr{!!,S culpilhilily higher than that for which dant of a fair trii!I, ,, 1rl,ll whow resull Is rt11f.ibt1•.Un lC'~~., defend.in1makes the evidence of m.irijut1nn. ddendant had been found guilty. both bhowlng~,II conno1be 5t1id lhat For ,m .Jrrestto be valid on u mlsde- ihC' conviction or doc11h~cntcnce 111e..inoroffense 110( wltflL'.l~t!d by the ar Ineffective assistance of counsel 1C'~uhedfrom t1 bm,1kd01N11In the Fosterv . State,22 ABR 2788 Uuly 15, ,1d1JC™Jryprocess th,1t rPnd<'r~ the resuh rostl ng oUicer,the officermu~, have the 1988)- Defendantwas convicted of rape, un,oht1ble:' Jtrest warrant In hb posscs~lonat 1he robbery,kidnapping ;ind sodomy.On ap 111rewrslng. the Alabnrna Supreme 1lmco( t1rre 44 Jc1nuc1ry1989 State Jlwburden of !thowlnKeither a Wi.lr· thr lime Mid pluce of Brownl ee\ t.1rrw,t. ty, Al.:,h,1m,1,was robbed by bomeone r,int or ono of the oxcoptlo11!, It> the re I he ~\Jpremccotin, thcrcforl',concluded who klllC'cl!he ow11c1. Although 1here qulroment of a w;irr,1nt.Ex p,rr(e /Jasrhal, thdt the trial court errl'rl in denying the werr no eyewitnesses to the crlnw, the 365 SQ,2d681 (Ala. 1978). motion to !,Uµpres5. Stntt> called ilS wilnc&sob l>l'Wral By properly raisingthis objection a~to customc•r-.who were in thr ~tore just the admh!>ibility of the m,1riju,1naii~ What price a convictlonl a treatise before .ind ju<,tafter the crime. C'Virlcncc,the ,uprumP cou11rea>oned on Agur11dnd Strickland 0(•fo11rl.1nt'">most sci lous .1llt!gahonof that rlefend.in1~h fted to the St.lie the rx PnrtP \MJmark, 22 AHR 'J440 the St,1tl''~ f.iilure to produce exc.ulp,1tory burdtm to show 1hutthe srlwrr of tile (Scµtcmbt>r2, 1988)- 1he ,uprPme c:01Jn inforrn,,tlcmInvo lved supp•c~slon of a m.irlju:muwas lnwlul; In mlwr words,t i1c c:..11,1logcd ,1 14th Aml!11d111untvio l;,tion plo.i b,1114,1111with both Nenl Mart111,ind St.ito had the burdenof !,howingth.it the by the district allorncy\ nfflw frorn Rex Jonl!S bt!rore their srilnd jury 5oi1urcw,1s the product of .in ilrrt'!,t by MontgomeryCounty, A lubt1mJ,In falling tc~timony.At thc coram noblshearing, iln o((iccr with actual po~scs~ionof thP to proviuc cxculp.itorylnfmrn..ition with the ;,ttorney who defondedMM1in testl· mlsdomt!.lnorwrit. in it, control o1nd,second , (ound that de (led th,lt ~ometime t'lfterMilrtin Rave his In light of the IC!!,tlmonyfrom the ar· fenddnl wo.1~denied hi~ !ilxth Amend grand 1ury 1t•s1imony,Manin wnt him a ru~tlng officer LIMt hc could not ment right to coun~el. In tlw opl111onof lt•ttt•rlndlt-t1ting that drfo11d,1n1was In· rumomlwr defendJnt's,mcst, lht! defen· thici wrlto11 this caso rop1·c,cnt~ ,1 truly no,enr t1ndth.:it the grandJury te~tlmony d.1111him selfor wheth e, he posSC!!t~Cdthe ~h1nlrlcnn1decision In lhc ar<'nof c.:rlm• wa~ r,,lsc. The otlornoy's lostl111011ywas writ ,H the lime of tho ,H rest, ,ind the fur In.II proreclu1·e. Every AIJb,11110l,1wyer corrobornted by I he letter that Milrtl n ther lt!!,llmony from the bookinMofficer ~houldcorefully readthi~ entir<' opinion ~l'l11 to him while Martin wa~in prison. aftN dufondant was tilk1mInto custody, If they pr,irtice criminal law in 1hl,;~trrle. The lcllN, which wits authPnticated by the State fodc..-dto me<>tii, burden of On 1-'<'bruary2. 1981. the City Curb Mar1111JI thu coramnobh heMlng,wJs proving thu oxbwnct! of ,1w11id w1 It at M,1rkc1,located in Montgomery Coun- not only t'>:culpatoryof the defendant, Noticeof Notice b given herewith pur~ud11Ito lion~will Ut' dl'tormlnec-1by il censuson the Alabama S11m1f3r1r Ru/<·~ Govcrn1n14 M11rchI, 1989, and v,1t"c1nr.ie, certified Electionof Prcsldent-e/er1,ind Com11,i~ by tht• ~e>crew,y011 M.1rch 15, 1989. ~lonN for I 989. Election The terms of any incumbenttomml~~ slonc" ,ire r<~tained. All )Ubwqwrnt term\ will llo for three Presldent•clt! cl B,1l101swill be malfld bNwC>cnMay YCilf!o, Th<>Al;1bama State Bil! will Pleci a 15 ,ind Junf' 1 ,1nd mu:.I tw rcc.eivt•d,11 Noinln<11lon!,may b!' m.1dcby petition prcsic.fo11t-alec-t in 1989 to dbsume the s1.1tcb,11 lwnrlquilrtcr., l,y 5 p.m. on July be.iring 1hc !>ignaturcs of fivr, members prc~ldcncyof the bar In July 1990.Any 191 I 909. in 1100d~ ,anding with prlncipo l orfices candidate must be ii menibcr 111good In the circuit lt1 which the c l'Cllon will ~,anding on March I, 1989. Pc1l1lons Commissioners be held or by the candidate'~written dc nomlnJtlng a candidate muM bc,11the Bilr com1111.,~1u11er.. will he elected by clar,11ionof candid.icy. Eithermu~t be re sisn,,ture of 25 member~In good :.land thtJ'iel,lWyeri. with their prlncip,11office) c:l'iwd hy the ~ecrctary no l,1Wrthan 5 ing o( 1heAlabama St.11eBar .:indbe re on 1lw following circuit\: 1,1; 3rd, 5th; p.m. on thPla~t Friday In Aprll (Aµrll 28, ceived by the secretaryo( 1hr st.it(' bar 61h-Pl.1u•It 1; 7th; 1Oth-1'1,rtt.'\ J/3 ,mrl 6; 19ll9). on 0 1 hefore March 1, 1989. Any c.indl· 13th·IJl,1n•# 3; 14th; 1Slh-P l.it t·~ # 1 11nd 8Jllots will be prept1rcdnnd malled to dc1tcfor thl~ of(icc also 111ustsubmit with 3; .!5th; 26th; Wth; 32nd; und J 7th. Ad· membC'IShctw<:?en May IS oncJJune 1, the 11omln;ilin1:1petltlo11 n L>l,1ckand dlllo11,1Icommissioner~ will be•ult•<.:ted 1989. B.11lotsmust bt! votrd .11,cJrc white photogr,iphand biogr.1phlcr1Idata In the,c cfrcul~ for l.!ilthmo membcm turnrd by 5 p.m. 011the ~econrlTuesday to be published in the Mr1yAl,1bt1ma of thr \IJtc bar with princl1>,1Iofflcci. In JuneUunc 13, 1989)to \t,lle barhead· l.,1wyflr. thNt'lf1 The new comm1\~lone1 po,1- qu~nP~. • Thf' AIL1l.,amaLawyc, 45 but ~trongly lrnpllcatcd both Martin and In summary,the SupremeCourt 1estlmonyby JamesWilliams that would Jones. of Alabama fou,d a denial o( du!'! have Impeached the h!\llmony of Jones The SupremeCourt of Alabnmafound processfor three essential re.i~ons: nnd Mc1rtln;ind lmpllc:.i1cdthem in U,e murder. Third, It w,1,conMltutlona l error con!>tltutlonalerror and the requlreml'nt "1. n~t. due proc;c1~prcclurlr!I IIW u~e for ,1 new trlJI baMJd upon C/g//ci v. of perjured testimony by the pro for the defonbOcoun~ol to Ignore the ex United State!.,405 U.S. 150 (1972), ,ind secution In acquiring n c.;onvlctlon. culpatory evidence that Robert Beno Napue v. //1/110/s, 360 U.S. 264, 271 Wo havetonc:ludud. In thi> n1g,11d, pos!,esscdbut which w;is protected by (1959). The supreme cou~r crltlcolly that Lhll StJltJ's n*mprr~enlllllnn the dttori1t.!y-cllc111ptlvl lese:· II h;id n(l p C'rilwg,1ln or other th,1t It Is significant 10 note that the noted: .ur.ingernentswlth Jone~and M.ir- Supreme Court o( Al.ihilma did not "Therl.' was t'Vldt•nc.:c 1inal the time of trh1Iw,I\ ~ d<>ninl voluminous cre.:ite ilny new ,trlcturu~ 10 apply In Prt'Sl.'ntt-dat thl' coram nobii hc,1r1n1t of the con,tl1u1lon.tlrlghh of the to 1hr t·ff<>cl1hm thr district,,ttorne>y'~ ,1ccu'l.Jones curred when the pro~t·cutorknow Supreme Court IMs required (or nearly insly ~uppros!it'Clt>vld{'n<<' 1h,11 MM· bo(orotheir gr,indJury tt'!.llmony, but 20 year,;undor tht! Sixth ;ind Fourteenth ft1llt'Cllo dl5clO'if'thosr plea bargains 1lr1w.is guilty of 1he trlrna ond to Womnck'qllttorney:• ~ollciled relleratlon at trl,11of M,1r• amendmc1)1~to the Constitution. tin'&dubious gr,mcJ lury lti~tlmony. Just ,l!t In Gig/lo, tho prosocutor Murc 46 Janu,uy 1989 lntcmogce h11s o right to introducL'or to ~uru.lveauthority that would treat a pre date In rule 13(.:i),Fcd.R.Civ.P., §6-5-4 40, h.iw Introduced all of the lntcrrog.itorles an~wcr Rule S6 motion for ~ummary Alt1. Code(1975), requlrei thi.!dl~mls~al which are relevilnt to, or which tend 10 Judgment similarly to a "Rule 12" or the sub~equcntly(lied ~talecourt ac explain or correct, the .:inswch ~ubmlt· motlon. tion The federalcourt acquiredJuri!odic- tt'd. Prior Alab..im11pmctlce held Lh.itlhc 1·ior1 of 1h11con troversybefore the state ex;imlnlng party h,1dtlw option of In· Civil procedure .. , court action Wilh flied and §o-5~440, troclucing answer~co Interrogatories, but rule 12(a) and §6·5·440 applied supra, forbids the prosecutionof two ac that If he did !it>, he had to offer the F.xpJrtc Cano/ Ins. Co. (In Re; Sparks tions in the courb of this stateat the s(lmc whole and could not sol«:!<:tthe answers v. Can,,/ Ins. Co.), 22 ABR 3532 time forthe "'1mcc.iu!>I! agaln~t the s._1me or p.il't'iof answer,;~ullod 10 hi~ purpose. {SepwmbN 9, 1988). Can;il !nsvred pnrty."Courts of thi~sta ti?" asusrd In this M'Ctloninclude~ a United Stcite~ District Civil Sp;irk, and his true~.Spilrks had an ac procedure .• • Court within this state. pre-tri al motion s may serve as cident and nled a sworn proof of lo!is. answer Canal dl~puted the rbln1 ;ind nleclJ Civil procedure ... lx parre United StJW!>Gypsum Com dl;!daratory judgment action In federal party mu t move to strike affidavit court seekinga declara•ion of 1tsobliga, p,111y(In Re: Ciryof Cnwrprisev. UnitC'rl that violate rule 56(e), or he StaresCypsum Co.,vt iJI.), 22 ABRJSJ7 tions under the pollc.'y.5ub)equently, waives objection (Seprcniber 9, 1967). U.S.Gypsw,1 wns Spnrksflied a ~ult In ~t.1lccourt nlleglng Perryv. Mob/IC'CotJnty, 22 ABR3777 contract, etc. Can;il sued ilS ,, manufacturer 01 asbcsto~µre,. breochor bad folth, (Seprembur 2J, 1988). Perryw.1, Injured ducts. U.S.Gypsum riled numcrou~prt. .. moved to dbmlss the ~tJtc courl action, in on accident th,1toccurred at an In trial motion!. Including a motion 10 ,merting that rhe prior fcder.11court ac tersection i11Mobile County. He sued dbmiss, a motlo11for Judgment on the tion b,,rrcd the stnteco1.n action and the M,I • Risher, .in engin1wr employed by pk•adlngs and a 111011011for sumr1,,1ry malt Pf'> alleged In the slJIC court JCtion the•S1111e of Aloboma Highway Dcr>nrt Jud~nient,The motion~ raisedthe st,,tute wore p,oporly miltter, orii tompulsory ment1 and :illcgcd lntor a/1.ithnt Ri~her of llmlti;llion~ and Improper use of fie· cour11crc.lalmIn the reclt•ml;,ction put· h,1d negligently or wantonly failed to titlou~ µarty rules. l he trl.il c_ourtde11ird suant to FNI.R.Civ.P.Lita). Eventually, .iher,modify or change Lhc lntcr~ectlon Sparks (llc..' 47 In a maLtQ1o( lnlllal Impression in Rule 56(0); I( hef alls to do so, he wil l where they concern tho prlvacc sector Alabama,th e supreme court adopted the waive his objection and, In the absence employe&s, the court held that the language contained in C. Wrighl, A. o( a 'gross miscarriage of justice; the statutory scheme enacted by Congres~ Miller and M. Kane, Federal Practice and court moy consider the defective ;iffldav governings uch claims in the context of Procedt,re:Civi l Sec:ond, Section 2738 lt: The supremeco urt noted 1ha1th e fore federal government employment prg. (1983), which states that 'a party must going is applicable equally 101ho so nf. empts state court Jurisc.:lictlon. The su· 111oveto strike an affidavit that violates fldavits In support of a motioh for sum prP,meco urt relied on authorities In the mary judgment and lo those In opposi Eleventh and Nlnih clrculLc ourts or ap• tion to such a motion. peab but acknowledgedth at the IssueI s disputed and Is presently before the WE TRACK Labor •• • Unlt!:!dS tate~Supreme Court. THEM DOWN state courts lack jurisdiclion of disputes involving federalgovern Torts ... -OR YOU ment employment AEMLO discussed DON'T ,,re Mims v. American Federationo f Cov Sanders v. Ingram Equ/pmenr,In c., 22 ernmPnt Employee5, 21 ABR 3302 ABR3341 (Septembe r 2, 1988). Sanders, PAY ,J, ,,,,- (August 26, 1988). Mims, an employeeo( a sanitation worker,wa~ injur ed when he a V!:!terans Admlnlsttatlon hospital, w.is slipped off a gilrbage truck's running ,~ nred. Ho requestedth al his union chal board and was run overby the truck. The When witnesses,defendants, lenge his Lermlnntlon pursuant to union truck wa~ manufactured by General benenc1ar1es.In sureds,policy grievancepro cedures. The ~inion flled a Motors. The Lruck carried a garbage holdorS,dobtOrS, hav e mov<:dMd left grlewinc<' which was rejected hy man, packer ,nanufocturod by Tho Holl Com no forwardingaddress, we lrack agement, and the union refusedMim s' pany. The Hell Company mounted the them down on a world-wide scale. request 1fo1t1n e m.itt"'rµro cec>d10 arbltra- And lfwe don'tOnd your person, gorbage pocker on the GM truck and 1lon. Mims fll<:!d this acl.lonIn state court sold the unit to third parties who sold it you don't pay.G lobal's basic:c: hm-go and co11t1md(!Cl1h at the unlo11brea ched (or a cracewhen the lastknown address to Sandf'rs' employer.Sa nders sued Heil Is three year~o ld or lessIs $180.00. Its duty of fair reprc~cntatlon, a duty ilnd other; under rhe Alabama Extend recognized under federal labor law. The ed Manufacturer's Liability Doctrine Call for moni Information or trial court dismissedMim s' claim 11galnst (AEMLD) 11ndco ntended lh;it the gar to start a trace today . Lhe union on the basis thatAlabama sm te bagu pac:kor when mounted 01;th o GM 1-eoo-,,J.,144 n,11 RM courts lucked subject,rn11uer Jvrlsdiction truck constituted a "completed vehicle" Alaska & Hawaii ovN such o lawsuit. The supreme cmm and that the "completed vehicle;' taken Call t •800•443 •6144 affirmed. as a whole, was clo(ectlve.The trial court 9 a.m.-7:30 p.m.EST The supremt:icourt noted that although disagreed and granted Hell's motion for 6 a.m.-~:30p.m . PST It had h!!ld that stato courts haveb Ubject summary judgment. The supreme court matter Jurlsdlcl1011over such claims amrmed. The supreme court statedth at the issue was whether someone who mr1nufr1c tures a non-defective <:omponent,a nd then participates In assembliJ,gth e com ponent onto a defective product, c.in be Attention Fonne:r held liable under the AEMLDfor Injuries AlabamaJudges: occurring as a msulLof the defect In the Arbitrntion .Forums, Inc,, :i nonprofit organtzalionwith over40 Y(:llr6 component not manufactured by that expcrlcnccin resolvlngtn sunmcerclatcd disputes, is looJw,lgfor former party. The supreme court sold no and JudgesCrom Lhc Alabruna Su1ueme Court, Court of Clvil Appe111ll hold that a distributoror manufacturerof or CJ.rcult Court to serve ns nrbicrnto!'ll/ mcdlncors for our Accident Mbltl'llllonPorum prognun . a non-defective component is not liable We 111,'Clooking for formerJudge$ bcc:iusc of their expertise,Uld for defects in a product that it c.:lidnot dcmoll$11'1ltedobJec tMty. m;rnufocture,se ll or otherwise plac:eIn /\S nn urb!fti1tor/rnedJn1or, yuu'tl be ruskcdco resolve m1y Insurance rclnccd dlspurc cllhcr 1lwough binding nrbfU'iltJonor ildVisorymediation . the stremn or commerce. Tlism was no For more informntlon cnlf or wcltc: evidence lhat I lell manufactured or sold (8 00) 426-8889 a defective component, ~ndther e was no Arblttntlon .fonim.,, Ifie. proor of a causal reliitlonshlp between 200 Whlre PlnlruiRond P.O. Box 6 48 J,mtlarY 1989 Opinionsof theGeneral Counsel by Robert W. Nor riR, General Counsel QUESTION: thoproµc!rty could he dl~JJ(),t.'Clof under the Alabamo Uniform A olo practiti oner with ,,n active trust account died. At· r)INpo~llion ol Uncloime Th,•Al.ibama lawyer 49 IncreaseIncome with the AlabamaLawyer Ref err al Service by William 0. Owings So you wan• 10 Increaseyour income, who practicesIn lhe coller'slocale in the you only acceptedono caseall year,the bu1 you Ond legal advertising 10 be or. field of law needed. service would p,1yfor ltsC?I(and nc1you fensivc, .ind you can only talk \O m,1ny The only requirementsyou, 1hcprac• a tidy profit, and thal cai.c would have limes lo the Rolilry Club?Join the L.iwyer titloner, must fulfill arc 1ha1you nitist B AFFORDABLETERM Ltl'E INSURANCE - -NOTICE - FROM COOK & ASSOCIATES Compare 1heae low non-smoker unnuol Mos lor non, Attorn eys Practicing in the Middle District dooroaalnggraded premium 1110: of Alabama MALI AQII 12110,000 11100,00 2_ _IJJ 000 1~ u 187 ,110 31111.00 450 ,00 Cffc<:.1lvcJanuar y 1, 1989, 1hcattorney admis 30 197.110 3411,00 soo .oo sion~ fee 11icrcasedto $40. In compliance with 311 202 ,110 31111.00 8110.00 order of this court, da1ed November2 1, 1988, il 40 2H ,OO 400 .00 840 .00 $20 special altomey .-idmi~~lonfoe will be a~· 411 282 , 110 490 .00 1180,00 w,~ed In addilion to 1he$20 gunerJladmls~lon~ 10 381 ,110 700 .00 1,040 .00 f<.' so /,1nuary1989 THE ALABAMASTATE BAR LAWYERREFERRAL SE RVICE Nome: __ Phone:______Name of firm. O(nce Address: ______(Street Addrl'~,, (Building) (City) (St,110) (ZIP Code) (County) (Circuit) Ycor admltwci tC>h.ir: ------Yenr 11d111ittcdto feidemi rourts: ------Courts in whkh you pr.irt1ct•: Other ~talc, 1n whirh you t11e.id111lttcd to prnltln• ; ______ Will you ac.:t1.-,1tta~po; Leg.,!Services Corpor.11100rPfer; to u~l YCS NO If yes, wJII you w,1IVPthe $.W conbultatlon fee( YES J\O AREASOF PRACTICE PREFERENCE (Choose no more thM 10- plea)t! Indicate by milrking with " X" ) 1. _ Admlnistriltive i.:iw 14. __ Labor rclntionb .1. _ Vt>terans'ri11hb a. __ Mnnogornont b. __ Unemploymc11l b. __ Unions c:ompens;uion c. __ Wage>& hour 2. -- Admlttllty d. _ Employment discrimination 3. __ B,,nkruptc.:y 15. _ Landlord-tenc1nt 4. __ Civil rlght5 16. __ Malprac1ic.c 5. __ Collcctlon~ & reµossch,lons a. _ Lcg,il b. __ Medical 6. __ Con\11m1:1roffalr!, 17. __ Military law 7. _ Contr.1<1, 18. __ Negligence 8. _ Corpornllon 19. _ Patenh, tr.:idemarks 9. Crlmh,,11 & copyrights 10. _ F)t,111!,,I Hists & will, 20. _ Prison l;iw I I, __ F,1111ilyl,1w 2 1• _ Real cst.ito J , __ Divor ce 22. __ Soclal Security b. _ Adophon 23. _ Taxation c. __ GuardlJn~hrp., 24. _ Tons d. _ P.itcrnlty ,1. _ Pct~Onill Injury 12. _ tmmlgr,11lon& b. __ Workers' cornpen&Alion 11a1uri11lti1lion 25. __ I raffic 13. _ lnsur.intC' J.6. _ Other (pleosc sped(y) AGRfEMENT (1) I hereby apply for n1en1lwr~hlp111 the LawyerRl'(<'rr.1 1Se,vlcc of tho Alabama State B,11. I ,1111licensed 10 prJtiicc In Ah1l),11n,1,ind ungilged 1111nlv,m i practice within thu htJto, I Jm covered by ii proft•~slom,I llabillty lnMtrnnce polfc:ywith limit~ of not l (SlgnJlurco( Appllcam) Plc,1wenclose rcKl~1rn1innfr·r ol $37.50 payableto 1hr Alubum"S tal<'13,ir and il copy of yo111rurre nt cover<1gchinder ro,p1o(cs~lo11al 11,thlllty ,111(1111111110 1 l..lwyer RcfNr,11Siirv u:c, P.O. Dox 671, Montgorncry, AL 3610 I. 1/w Alabama L,1w~1't 51 LegislativeWrap-up by Robert L. Mccurley, Jr. Alabama Rules of Evidence c,1me eff Pcliw July 1, 1975, dl1d h,ive been ;,mended The Alabama SupremeCourt, within their rulemaking throu11hNowmhcr l, 1988. .1u1hority,has .:ippoinleri ,m advi~ory committee 10 draft II wa~ agret!d thJI the rnmmille<' would u,e tht' ~tructure AI.Jbama RulP~of F.vidcnc.:e; lhe AIJbilflJJ uiw ln~titutP o( tht>fcdl!tal rule.,, and thilt the wording of \uch rules 5Crvcs as an il8enc-y('le~iHtldWd 10 c,1rry0111 1hr order of would be adopted unlc~~th<'re exi~ted l.1 ~ulNt111tial ~late lhe ~upremecourl reg..ircllngthis sludy. P,11Gr,WP~ of the polity or r,ref(•r,1blrA lah.1maKulf! of Prac:llcc0 1 Rule of firm of 13radloy,A1Jnl 1 Kose & White wa~ named chdlr Evidencewhich Ju~tifit>cidcvlJ tlon. Consldor.,blol hought pl:!rsonof the commluoc. Other commilwe membor..c1ro: Jnd di~cussion how 14ont1In to the question o( wh.:Hlmpilct rhc ,idoi,tlon of the Al,1b.inltlRules o( Evidencewould hi!lle Judge Joseph Colciultr-Tu~caloo)J upon f)rlH'.xisting ~,.11u1c!>which com.:iincd rulr\ of (!Vi Gregg Cuslm,rno-Cdlbden d<1nn.>It was .igrl!i'dllldl no ~pccific po~lllonwould be SenatorMich,wl Flguru ~ Moblle 1ak1•nr1t 1he oubct , bur 1h<11such statuteswould be chdrl(!(.I Charles Gambh.'-Unlver~lty of Al,1b,1m,,Slhool of throu11houtthe drc1fti11gµroccs~. Li!W rlmty-one S!c1tc~hOII(' .idopteo the Federnl Rules of Evl Judge Sc1lly Grecnhaw- Montgom<>ry donce, Including neighboring ~tntes of Florlcl,1and JudgeA tthur I hrnes Blrmlnghilm Ml\!,l~slppl. Brooks liolmo~ -Mobi le Anyunewirh ~uggt>~tion~or co111rnenbcor,crmin1:1 thesf' A. Richard Igou Fort Payne rules \hould contaci a mt•mherof the cor11mlneeor write Ralph Knowle,, lr.- Tuscaloo~a the Alah.imaLaw ln~tiluw, P.O. Box 1425, Tusc.iloo~a. Ala L. Tennettlee , Ill- I lun1svlllc ham;i 35487. Howard Allyn Mt1ndell-Mon1gomcry l h(' Alabam,1Lcgblt11uw convenes for their regulari.us William 11. Mlll\-lilrmlnghan, \lon i l'bruc1ry7, 1989. I he Law Institute Is expcct11d to In Aruce McKee- Curnbc.Jrl,indSchoo l oi I J. ,1w troduce J revisedadoption low,rPViserl condominium law Frank B. McRlght-Moblle and t1 fr,iudulc1111t ,1n~fer~,1tl. • Rlchdrd Ogle- Birmingham Abner R. Powell, Ill Anclt1lll!,ia Ernestine Sapp Tu~keKee ClarenceM . Sm,lll, Jr.-Blrmingh.im Judge C. Lynwood Smith, /r.- 1luntsvillC' Bill Cl,uk- Birn1ingh.im Prores~ctrCh,1rlc& Gamb le, former dean or the Unlvcr~lty orAlabnn1a School of I aw, wa, nanwd repo,wr.Professor Gamble Is the edlror of MC'rlroy'~Alab,m1 ,1 fv,cfonce, Jrrl Robert L McCur/11'1,Jr., IS tho Edl11on,and author of nunwrou, other .u11tlc~ on cvi cJ,rec/orof the Alobamo Lnw /nst,tutoat tho Univcrs1ryof dence. Profes~orC,,mble teJches al the! Unlver)ity. and Alllboma. He receivedhis I~ a frequent lccturur on the )Ubjcct .11contlr,ufng legal undergraduateana tow educ111ionprowam~ . degrees from tho Un1vers11y The first Item on rho committee'~ 11rie11dilw.i., w deter mine which model 10 use (or 1heprojrcl. Tlw aftt1rna1lvcs wt?rcthll UniformRule~ of Fvidenceand tht• I cdcral Rules of Evidence. The con~en~usof the committee wa~ the modelshould be tlw FederalKules of Evidencewhich be- 52 /,inuary 1989 Memorials During tht! majority of his career,h e w.1san .1<:.tlvt!trial lawyer and wn~ rec• ognlzedfor his counroom,lbili tl~ by be Ing electeda r-eilowof tht! AmericanCol lege of Trial Lawyers. I le wnRa foilhful memberof the Ca- 1hcdml Church of the Advent ond served as ~ T/1eAl.ilJDma Lawyer 53 --- - DisciplinaryReport lawyer dcllvcred the Individual tax recor<.bor a polltlcol can• Disbarment dldatc to sewral media outlets.He was subsequently Indicted • EffectiveN ovember 15, 19881 Birmingham lawyer Dan for tho (olony of attempting to Influence the outcome of an W. McCoy w,Jsdi~bartud by consent, µursu.rnt to the provl• election by ottemptlng to make public tho tax record~o f a slon~o f Ruic 15, Rules of D1sclplln,1ryEnforcemen t, by order polltlcal candidate,and for aiding .ind abetrlng r1nothor In per o( tho Suµ1e1110Cou rt o( /\ lnbamo. IASB Nos. 87·198 & 87-2541 pctrJtlng this sameoffense. Subsequent ly, in exchange for the felony chargesbeing disrnis~ed,the lawyer pied gullty to the Suspension misdem<>anorviola tion of makingtax return!.of a t.ixpayerpub, • Mobile lawyerMa jor E. Madison, Jr., is suspendedfrom lie. (AS!! No. 86-664] the practice o( 1.-iwin the State of Alabnma for a period of four month~.effec rive December28, 1988, hy order of the Supmme • On October 7, 1988, a lawyer w.,~ prlvatcly reprl Court of Alalx1ma. The su~pen~ioni~ b,1~cdupon Madl~on'~ monded for engagingi n conduct that adV\!~Clyrcllccied on conviction be1ore the Oi,;cipllnary l!onrd of th!! Alabam.i State lii5 fltne'ls 10 practice law. In 1985, the lawyerwrote aoo-·1,000 Bilr of vilriou, ethic.,;vio lation~. [ASONo~ . 86-303, 86-597, Msoclatc:.in law Ormsthroughout tho United Stoto~solici ting 86-709 & 06-718) $250 rrom c,ieh recipientor the letter. In exchangefo r the $250 the lawyer o((oredto ,,egotlate(or and on behalf of the asso Private Reprimands cl,1tc~w ith thoir ornployerl nw firms ;ind demnndtha t the part nershipdcc lslon•makingrrocess bP changedI n a way which • On October 7, 1988,on Alobom.-io uomcy receiveda would result In more associateshecc,ming partners th an would prlv.1toreprlm,ind for violat.lonof OlsclpllrniryRule 5-IOl(C) othrrwlse be the ca~eunder the thcn-{!)(li.tlngOrm policies. ,llld DiscipllnJry Rule9·101(0) of the Code.It wM determined Ewn though the letter stated that the $250 w.i~ being solicited thot tht' attorney in que~tion had, while ,urving ,lb dlsrrlct at from each associate, the leuer wa5 In rac.t ~cnt 10 only a ran torney In a Judicial drcuil of AlabanM, prmccutcd an 111· dom number of associates in each Orm. The IJwyeradmttted dlviduol on cnminal charges,md It wn~ furtherclet FORENSIC AUDIOLOGY GASTON NICHOLS MICHAEL F. SEIDEMANN, Ph.D. PROFESSIONAL AUDIO SERVICES EXPERT WITNESS • Hearl~oLo&& Caaea • lnduatrlDJN oise E)(PERTWITNESS • CommunityN ol:JO • lnvoatloollone, • Aat1111ancoto counsel In analyaea, reports CONSULTANT PIOPWOlfonfor lfiel IO y•anr cHnhuJJ,acadamlc , mtdt011/,,.qo•rch oxporfonc• TAPES ANALYZED - INTELLIGIBILITY ENHANCED I 2 Dl!OI CV 011oiloblo PAST PRESIOENT• 5 state, na11o11B1, tnter,,etlonftl organizations NOISE MEASUREMENTSAND ANALYSES 26 ModoroCt Kenner, LA '10065 (604) 443 ·5670 (205) &91· 7346 54 January1989 ClassifiedNotices Pr.icticc Dlg~~t 2d & 3rd editlo ris. Con· Reports, 1010 VC!rmont Aw., NW, FOR SALE tact Dchryl Mason, Suite 2001 L.1ndTi · #406-AB, Washington, D.C. 20005. THE LAWBOOI< EXCHANGE, LTD. tie Building, Blrn,h1gh11m, AlabamJ Phone (202) 393-3311. Visa/MC. Buys .ind solls all major law books 35203. Phone (205) 326·6600. stato and fcdcrr1l-n;1 tionwlde. For oll ------SERVICES your low book needs,( 800) 422·6686. POSITIONS OFFERED EXAMINATION OF QUESTIONED M;i~tercard, Visa& American Expre~s ATIORNEYS NEEDED: Collections, Documents: Handwriting, tyf,l'Wrlting nccepted. businessand commerclc1l 1r.in!>clclion~, and relatedexan,in.:itlOn!». ln1cm,11ionc1 l FOR SALE: Alabnma spedOc software general litigation. Two.IQY(!i'lr..' ~xpcr ly court-qualifiedexpen wltnc~~. Diplo on computer disk Now availablein the lence required. Send resuml•In conn. n,a1e,American Board o( ForrnslcDoc· following areas oi the law: civil proce dcnce to 1500 Colonial Bank Building, ument Examiner,;.Member : American dure, crlmlnal pr~trldl motions, Inter• Birmingham, Alab,,ma 35203. ATIN: Society of Qu11stloncdDocumen t Ex· 8ryan Peoples. a111lnors,lh t! lnt<'rnation;,IAs~ocia tion rogatorlcs1 corporations, DU ls, probate forms. Avc1llc1blcIn Wordstar, Wordpcr (or ldonllfka tlon, the Brltl~h forensic ScienceSocie ty ,111dtlw N,1lf()nr1I A~~o (ect, DisplJywrlto2&3, Wang PC,Mu ltl IN•II OUSE POSITION: Excellent OP· matc and other word processorsupon portunlty for con$!ruction lnwyrr hav clotion o( Criminal Dofonsc L.lwyt•rs. ing 3,8 years' Immersion In this fiald. request. Avnih1blein 5 1/4 DSDD and RetiredChief Document Exa111inor,USA 3 112disk formats.Inquiries w-elcomed. Financi,1lln~11tulfon sel'k~ minimum of Cl I ,1boratorics. Hans M.iyer Cidlon, S yenl"i'tron~netional c>.pcr,cncc, pref. Vl~.vMCaccepted . LAWTECH, P.O. Box 218 Merrymont Drive, Augusta, Geor 59903, Birmingham, Alabama 35259. erJbly with real estate focu~. to ,b)l!ot gia 30907. Phone (404) 860-4267. In commercial lending operation~.In THE CONFEDERATE STATES OF quire in confidence. LAWSEARCH LEGALRESEAR CH HELP:Ex~rienced AMERICAreplica pa~sport as sold by SOUTH, Atlanta's "Three-starI cgol Rc attornL,Y,membe r o( AlahamnStnre Bilr cruilcr"(hlghe~t rating-1988 ~utvey by since 1977.Acce~s to law !><.hool and the Mu~eum or the Confederacy as "proof" of Confcdcrato natlo11ality can The Amerlcnn Lawyer).3 00 Galleria st:ttc lnw llbrarle~. Wci,tlnw ilvoilable. Parkway, Suill! 400, Atlanl,1, Georgia. Prompl deadline service. $3S/huur. be il perfect gift from your firm. For sample and bulk ri'ltcs, pleasese nd $4 Phone (404) 951·9177. S11rahK athryn FJrnell, 112 Moore to CSA Printing House, Inc., Suite Buildin g, Mont gomery, Al,11.l,,mil C·50, 105 S. Alfred Street, AJex.andrio, CORPORATECO UNSEL:Cotton SIJICS 36104. Phone (205) 277·7937.In Jeffcr• Virginia 22314. InsuranceCompany i~ accepting Jppli son i:lnd Shelby counties, c11II free: Ciltion~ for a corporate stJff .,uorncy. 322-4419. No repre\enr,Hion is made FOR SALE: Antique Alabama map5, l he company does bu~inesson a n,ul about the qudllty of the l<>s,1/(ervic:e~ mostly pre-1860. Guaranteed autht!ntic. tl-statu basiswith its home office in At• 10 bl! performvd or the f'Xf)(!rt1se of the Excellent law orftce wall decoration lanta. The company b ~eeking 11nap. lawyer performing .~ucll sNvlre~, when fr,1mcd.Wr ite (or lis-1and photos. pllcant with two years'geMrnl exper· Sol MIiier, P.O. Box 1207, H1mtsvllle, iencc In lnsurnnce,contr11ct, regul:i 1ory LEGAL RESEARCH ASSISTANCE:Ex Al,1bama 35807. illld corporate matters.For lmnwdlate perif'nced uttorneyw ith strong research conOdential consideration, please~end br1cl~sroundovailob lc to ~upplon,ont resume Jncl solJry requl1omc,,t~ lo: FORSALE: L,1w library, partia l listing m, your resources. Prompt, thorough ser fol lows: 1981JM artindale-Hubble; Ala, Cindy M. Swinson, General CounsC!I, vice.$25-30/hour. R esearch Associates, Reports, Vol. 33, Ala. Reporter Vols. Cotton States Insurance CompJny, P.O. P.O. Box 398, Cullm.in, AlabAmil Box 105303, Atlanta, Georgl.i 30348. 35056, {205) 739·2277 or (205) 334-519;C .J.S., upclt.1Lt!cl through 1987; Fletcher Cyclopedia Corps. Vol~. 1·20 734-4n1. No repr<'H'nlt11loni~ made ATIORNEYJ OBS-Na 11on,1Iund fed· about Lhcquality of the /ega/ 1f,rv/ces and Forni$ Annot.11cd. Other~ 100 nu er.ti legJI E111ploymenlReport: highly lo be performed or tlil' of the merou~ 10 11,1. For details call Richard expt•rli•e Watlt>rs (205) 432-2677. 1cg;1rde<.fmori1hly detailL>dllstlng of lawyer performlns such ~crvlco~. hundreds of ,tttorney and law-rolatcci lob~ with U.S. Government, other EXPERT WITNESS ASSISTANCEand WANTED TO BUY publir/prlvata emrl oyi,,s in W.:iql1l11g• casl! ~valuations In medico! oncology WANTED TO BUY:Used Federal 2d, ton, D.C.,lhroughoul U.S.and .ihrond. (c1111cor) and hrm1atoloi,iy (dlseoscso( rederol Supplement; West's Federnl $30-3 months; $53-6 months. Fcdernl blood). Fa.si service. Ablo to travnl. Th<'Alab,111ltl Lawyer 55 ClassifiedNotices Medlc.;il school assistant professor. LOANC LOSINGSTATEMENTS (com· Richard I, L.1nham, M.O., Inc. 42 For· puterlzerl on H.U.O. form) with dis rer Road, Dayton, Ohio 45419. Phone bursement and amortiiatlon schccJulos. (S13) 294-3165,lll ytime. Cuaral'lleed. Same day ~orvlcc.N omi nal cost. Freetr ial. Klot and Co., Box 76140, Birmingham, Alabama 35253. Give This DOCUMENTE:XAM INER: Experienced Phone (205) 870-5858. examinerof signatures,handwrit ing, ,•I· Copy terntions of medical and other records. ECONOMIC STUDIESby t•xpcricnced Mi~cellaneous document authentlc.i• PhOs/univ.profs. Mo ~t negllgcncc/tort tion problcmi.. Court-qu.-illfied. Ameri· co~e~:$300. FAX •ervlce. Fc.1lr fees I n an To Your cari Boardo f ForensicExaminers. Amer tltrust/commerdalcases. M ,1ny yearsof ican Society of Questioned Documenl cxJ:)1irlunce In stc.11o/(cdcrJI courts. Eco· Secretary. Examiners. American Academy of For nomlc l.oglstics•ECRS1 Inc., 200 Park ensic Sciences.Lamar Mill er, P.O. Box Avenue, Box 5982, New York, New 5S405, Birmingham, Alabama 35255. Yo rk 10163-5982. Phone (212) Phone (205) 988-4158. 667.0999 and (609) 829·5557. • ..._., __ ffAtUWlt Oi OwM~~;;,!!_t-"it 11,JiOC.CVUI.,.. .,...... i.--,., • . '1'1 11'1'11 1 I 1otiem··-·- ...... -- ::.:.:- a,... itil, H11f.ll"I"• t• J• ... ••1 wlllt •••• l•I t·u,1.. 11., .•. 1 I tJO • li-.""'*••• .,...f'..!\.\.u"'4r ••t,~U ,..t-.•:... .tM Ai.• ...tt "-'IN'" At_..,.. •••t• ,.,. o, ""•ht ""'"'"'• ttii•11r.-..o.,., ... ..,. '""' . -" - · -·•14""'maw:;.m ,,-...;.ii,iM.;.;;M,-a Child Ahll•M llllt• •••• Al\ u,.u1 Av...... , l'!··~•tt.. •O, 4l•k•~· tl.lO ,,_ ~~~-:·'- J*-i - ~ Ith"•• f hl .. t" • •U flt1i,, ""'"~•, H1tU1,t11Ht7,,4J1l1t111 HU• u;,r., Abuse '"" ... , A, !tuft•~•• , U• c.-en:, 1u , ,1., ..,,,,,,1....,-,, AJ 1111.. ,, ~,•10 "''""' \4· •r, At, --. tu1 • .._. , 60 JI.. , .. a1i,,..., """''•-.t-Y,Jltlt,~ J410I :;:.·.-::::=- ..-:.:-,==::-.=.·:::...-:- _=::::.:":--::;:;:.,--::,~ :::..-=:t-...:.=.::.::'"'..:.=.,-·----.,- ·--·---·· _..,._._ lsAn • .IIIIRI UIII I) ., ""i-~ · w-o .. • =:.-:::."::.":'".:..---.----.-i-,-. ,...... -...... , _..._...... ~ ...... _, ...... _,._,., Adult -iliflfll --- '~'.::t--.c....-::~;~-:.:·~··~.. ~~ ..-- ...... ·~, .._ ... _ ,.. __.....,.._...... _~--- , c=.::.nn::J:.. o=,o ___ .. ·----~.._.._ .... ·-~r:= ....~~-:.=.:: Problem. .• ...... ______lil"t- ...... - ..... '·"' t Ill - I·------...... Check,,,, Line 310 Or 220 OnYour State Income . ::::--~-==---===- .... ··"'· TaxReturn. I ''" .~-- ...•... c-~-- Ill Ill I._.___·--- ...------_. ••••• .1..... Children's ' t-.:.:".!":-,.!..._. - - -- ...... __._ ·•· ... 1rustFund • "'Mo.. .,,,,-~ ..... ,.._ ...... OF ALABAMA ,, l~llftl\ ••ffl:ol*lfl~t-lhltf ' ~·· ~ toltw'tt If• W •tti , t"f .- ... ~ I~ 9ti,\I V ,"i,,r,.. />1:n, vtJ.d(;.,I ~ " 56 January 1989 The Continuation Of A Tradition ,. ,u,,u,u1 1••• uuu1•010,1 11u1 .u •1n1111u, , ,,11ttt1t11 111,,,,,1,111111111t1111111111111,,,,1,, , ,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,1111111,1,,1,,1,11111 1 11 1 1110111111111 11111111111 1 11 1 1111 11 1 110 111 1 111111 1 1111 1 11110111011 1 11 1, , , , , ,,,, , ,,, , ,,,, , ,,,,, ,, ,, 1, ,,,,, , ,,,,,,,,,,,, ;.,.,,, , , 01 11, OrderForm!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!m ...... !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~ 1987 SUPPLEMENT 'l'O McELROY 'S ALABAMA EVLOENCE , Third Edition By Charle s W. 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