Biologia 72/10: 1181—1184, 2017 Section Zoology DOI: 10.1515/biolog-2017-0132

Tegolophus glycyglabri sp. n. (: ), a new species from Iran

Salman Hayatolgheyb1,ParisaLotfollahi2*, Shahriar Jafari1 & Jahanshir Shakarami1

1Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Lorestan, Iran; e-mails: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] 2Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran; e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: Tegolophus glycyglabri Lotfollahi, Hayatolgheyb & Jafari sp. n. is described from Glycyrrhiza glabra L. (Legu- minosae) in Hatamvand village, Lorestan province, Iran. This is the third eriophyoid and the first Tegolophus species described from the plant species of the genus Glycyrrhiza. Key words: Anthocoptini; Leguminosae; Licorice; Lorestan.

Introduction 2014. Eriophyoid were recovered from plant materi- als through the direct examination of the host plant sample The cosmopolitan plant species Glycyrrhiza glabra L. under a stereomicroscope. The mites were slide mounted ac- (Leguminosae) has medicinal importance and is fre- cordingtoBakeretal. (1996). The terminology and the setal quentlyusedinfood,confectionery and pharmaceu- notation in the morphological description of the mite follow tical products (Mukhopadhyay & Panja 2008; Ah- mainly Lindquist (1996). All morphological measurements were taken by means of a phase contrast microscope Olym- madi Hosseini et al. 2014). Until now two eriophyoid pus BX53 according to Amrine & Manson (1996) as modi- species were found on this plants species, Tetra gly- fied by de Lillo et al. (2010), and are given in micrometers. cyrrhizae Denizhan, Monfreda, C¸ obanoglu & de Lillo, Slight clarifications should be added as follows: ventral semi- 2007 from Turkey (Denizhan et al. 2007) and Acu- annuli were counted from the first entire annulus behind the lus lorestaniensis Lotfollahi, Hayatolgheyb & Jafari, prodorsal shield; coxigenital semiannuli were counted medi- 2017 from Iran (Lotfollahi et al. 2017). During the ally from the coxal region to the anterior margin of the ex- current study the third species belonging to Tegolo- ternal genitalia and were not included in the ventral semian- phus genus was collected from G. glabra.Untilnow nuli count. Measurements and means are rounded off to the 81 Tegolophus species have been described worldwide nearest integer when required. Measurements refer to the (Amrine and de Lillo unpublished databases) and three length of the morphological trait unless otherwise specified. of them have been found in Iran (Lotfollahi unpub- The holotype measurements are followed by range values, lished database), including: T. hassani (Keifer, 1959) in parentheses, of the studied population (i.e. holotype and paratypes). The mean values of the paratypes are reported from Olea europaea L. (Oleaceae) (Khanjani & Had- in the few cases in which the measurements of the holotype T. califraxini Fraxi- dad 2006); (Keifer, 1938) from could not be taken, due to the slide mounting position of nus rotundifolia Miller (Oleaceae) (Lotfollahi et al. the specimens. Line drawings were hand-drawn through a 2014); T. marrubiumer Xue, Sadeghi & Honarmand, camera lucida according to de Lillo et al. (2010) and the ab- 2016 on Marrubium vulgare L. (Lamiaceae) (Xue et breviations labelling schematic drawings in figure 1 follow al. 2016). The aim of the present study is describing mainly Amrine et al. (2003). The generic classification fol- and illustrating the new species, Tegolophus glycyglabri lows Amrine et al. (2003) and comparisons were also made sp. n. with new genera described since that publication. The host plant was identified by an expert and its name is in accordance with The Plant List on-line database Material and methods (2013). In order to study the eriophyid mites associated to Legu- Type materials are deposited at the Acarology Labo- minosae plants in Hatamvand village of Lorestan province ratory, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricul- (Iran), a preliminary plant sampling was done on early July ture, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz (Iran).

* Corresponding author

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Family Eriophyidae flap 13 (12–16), 21 (20–24) wide, ornamented with 12 (12–15) striae; setae 3a 14 (the average value; 12–15), Subfamily Phyllocoptinae 17 (15–18) apart.

Tribe Anthocoptini Male (measured specimens n = 3). Similar in shape and prodorsal shield arrangement to female. Body 131– Tegolophus glycyglabri Lotfollahi, Hayatolgheyb 144, 40–41 wide; palp genual setae d 5–6; prodorsal & Jafari (Fig. 1) shield 44–48, 47 wide; setae sc 6, 25 apart. Opistho- soma with 22–24 dorsal semiannuli and 47–48 ventral Description. Female (measured specimens n: 6). semiannuli (counted from first complete annulus after Body fusiform, 130 (130–155, excluding gnathosoma), coxae II); 6–9 semiannuli between coxae and genitalia. 41 (the average value; 39–43) thick, 52 (50–53) wide. Setae: 1b 5–6, 1a 18–21, 2a 29–30, c2 18–21, d 43–47, e Gnathosoma 19 (the average value; 15–22) pro- 13–15, f 20–21, h2 43–67, h1 3). Male genitalia 15–16 jecting obliquely downwards, chelicerae 16 (the average wide, setae 3a 11–14, 15–16 apart. value; 12–18), palp coxal setae ep 3 (no variation), palp d Type host plant. Glycyrrhiza glabra L. (Leguminosae), genual setae 5 (5–6), unbranched. licorice. Prodorsal shield 48 (46–50) including frontal lobe, Type locality. Hatamvand village, Lorestan province, Iran 56 (46–57) wide, semicircular with a broad-based (33◦2912.3 N, 48◦0852.8 E), 1,037 m above sea level, frontal lobe, 9 (9–11), over gnathosomal base; frontal coll. S. Hayatolgheyb, early July 2014. lobe with 1 or 2 spines. Shield pattern indistinctly retic- Type material. Holotype female along with one female ulated made by bumps, consisting of short admedian paratype on a microscope slide (GG-IL-HD14H-1). Other and first submedian lines, complete second submedian paratypes: 4 females and 3 males mounted on five micro- and lateral lines and transverse lines. Pattern more dis- scope slides. Relation to the host plant. Vagrant on the leaves. No tinct in anteriocentral part of prodorsal shield and cells apparent damage was observed. filled by many light colored tiny spots. Tubercles of se- tae sc on the rear shield margin, 28 (24–30) apart, setae Etymology. The specific epithet is the genitive case sc 5 (5–6), directing backward. coming from the combination of the genus Glycy-and Leg I 24 (21–25), femur 8 (no variation), genu 5 (4– species names -glabri of the type host plant. 5), tibia 6 (5–6), tarsus 7 (6–7), ω 6 (the average value; 5–6.5) distally knobbed, empodium simple, 5 (4.5–5), Differential diagnosis. The new species is completely 4-rayed; femoral setae bv 7 (no variation), genual setae different from all Tegolophus species found on Legumi- l 12 (10–15), tibial setae l  4 (4–5.5), tarsal setae ft  nosae. However it has few similarities with Tegolophus 18 (17–20), ft  19 (17–20), u 4 (4–5). braziliensis Keifer, 1969 in dorsal and ventral semian- Leg II 24 (20–24), femur 8 (7–8), genu 4 (4–5), nuli number and ornamentation, genital coverflap or- tibia 5 (4–5), tarsus 6 (5–6), ω 6 (5–7) distally knobbed, namentation and setae e, f and 3a length. In addition empodium simple, 4 (no variation), 4-rayed; femoral both species has small spines projecting forward from setae bv 7 (6–8), genual setae l  6 (5–6), tarsal setae ft  frontal lobe underside. But these two species distinctly 7 (5–7), ft  18 (14–19), u 3.5 (3–4). differ from each other in prodorsal shield size (35 × 40 Coxae with lined dots; setae 1b 7 (5–7), tubercles in T . braziliensis versus (46–50) × (46–57) in the new 1b 11 (10–11) apart, setae 1a 24 (18–24), tubercles 1a species) and ornamentation (in T . braziliensis median 10 (9–10) apart, setae 2a 33 (31–36), tubercles 2a 23 line obscure or absent; admedian lines complete, curv- (23–25) apart. Prosternal apodeme 7 (7–8). ing back and outward from narrow anterior lobe (the Opisthosoma with 26 (24–26) broad dorsal semi- line continuing to curve to lateral margin at 1/3) angled annuli, 56 (49–56) narrow ventral semiannuli (counted outward at just before 3/3 and extending sinuate to rear from first complete annulus after coxae II); with three margin, cross line at l/3 and a large V-shaped mark in ridges, dorsal median ridge stronger than lateral ridges canter ahead of rear shield margin while in the new and fades caudally; 8 (6–9) semiannuli between coxae species prodorsal shield pattern indistinctly reticulated and genital coverflap plus 4 (3–4) transversal rows of and cells filled by many light colored tiny spots; with lined granules at the base of the coverflap. short admedian and first submedian lines on anterio- Microtubercles elliptical, on ridges of dorsal semi- central part of prodorsal shield), coxae ornamentation annuli; tiny circular, on posterior part of ventral semi- (coxae with slight markings in T . braziliensis and with annuli that elongated towards the end of body; spiny lined dots in the new species), empodium rays number on the rear margin of the last 3 dorsal semiannuli and (7 in T . braziliensis versus 4 in the new species) and elongated and linear on last 4 ventral semiannuli. Setae setae sc (12 in T . braziliensis versus 5–6 in the new c2 28 (20–33) on ventral semiannulus 11 (9–11), setae species), c2 (9 in T . braziliensis versus 20–33 in the d 45 (40–57) on ventral semiannulus 22 (19–22); setae new species) and d (30 in T . braziliensis versus 40–57 e 14 (the average value; 13–15) on ventral semiannulus in the new species) length. 36 (30–36); setae f 17 (17–23) on ventral semiannulus The new species also had similarities with T. cali- 52 (45–52); 4 annuli posterior to setae f.Setaeh2 40 fraxini (Keifer, 1938) (was found before on Fraxinus an- (40–60) apically very fine, h1 3 (3–3.5). Genital cover- gustifolia Vahl. subsp. angustifolia (Oleaceae) in Osku,

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Fig. 1. Schematic drawings of Tegolophus glycyglabri sp. n. AD – Prodorsal shield; ADL – Dorsolateral view of anterior body region; CG – Female coxigenital region; D – Dorsal view; em – Empodium; GM – Genital region, Male; IG – Internal female genitalia; LO – Lateral view of annuli; L1 – Leg I; pg – palp genua; PM – Lateral view of posterior opisthosoma. Scales 15 µm(D),10µm(AD, ADL, CG, GM, IG, pg, PM), 5 µm(LO,L1),2.5µm(em).

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East Azerbaijan province, Iran; Lotfollahi et al. 2014) Amrine J.W. Jr., Stasny T.A. & Flechtmann C.H.W. 2003. Re- in reticulated prodorsal shield pattern, dorsal and ven- vised Keys to World Genera of Eriophyoidea (: Prostig- tral semiannuli number, empodium rays number and mata). Indira Publishing House, West Bloomfield, Michigan, USA, 244 pp. ISBN: 0930337204 setae sc, c2, e, f and 3a length. But they differ in num- Baker E.W., Kono T., Amrine J.W. Jr., Delfinado-Baker M. & ber of cells of prodorsal shield pattern (with 6 cells at Stasny T.A. 1996. Eriophyoid Mites of the United States. posteriocentral part of prodorsal shield in T . califraxini Indira Publishing House, West Bloomfield, Michigan, USA, 394 pp. + i–viii. ISBN: 0930337158, 9780930337155 (Lotfollahi et al. 2014) versus smooth posteriocentral de Lillo E., Craemer C., Amrine J.W. Jr. & Nuzzaci G. 2010. part of prodorsal shield in the new species), number of Recommended procedures and techniques for morphological frontal lobe spines (many distinct spines projected for- studies of Eriophyoidea (Acari: ). Exp. Appl. Ac- ward from frontal lobe of T . califraxini (Lotfollahi et arol. 51 (1–3): 283–307. DOI: 10.1007/s10493-009-9311-x. Denizhan E., Monfreda R., C¸ obanoglu S. & de Lillo E. 2007. Stud- al. 2014) versus just 1 or 2 spines in the new species), ies on the eriophyoid mites (Acari: Eriophyoidea) of Turkey: ornamentation of dorsal semiannuli (elliptical micro- Three new species associated with Fabaceae. Int. J. Acarol. tubercules are present on whole dorsal semiannuli of 33 (1): 21–27. DOI: 10.1080/01647950708684496 T . califraxini (Lotfollahi et al. 2014) while in the new Keifer H.H. 1938. Eriophyid Studies II. Bulletin of the Depart- ment of Agriculture, state of California 27: 301–323. species microtubercles are present just on the ridges) Keifer H.H. 1969. Eriophyid Studies C-1. Agricultural Research and setae d length (28 in T . califraxini (Keifer 1938) Service, United State, Department of Agriculture, pp. 1–20. versus 40–57 in the new species). https://www.cdfa.ca.gov/plant/ppd/PDF/EriophyidStudies Remarks. This is the third eriophyoid and the C-01.pdf (accessed 05.03.2017) Khanjani M. & Haddad Irani-Nejad K. 2006. Injurious Mites first Tegolophus species described from the plant genus of Agricultural Crops in Iran. Bu-Ali Sina University of Glycyrrhiza. Hamadan Press, Iran, 515 pp. Lindquist E.E. 1996. External anatomy and notation of struc- tures, pp. 3–31. DOI: 10.1016/S1572-4379(96)80003-0. In: Acknowledgements Lindquist E.E., Sabelis M.W. & Bruin J. (eds), Eriophyoid Mites. Their Biology, Natural Enemies and Control. World The authors are grateful to Dr. Enrico de Lillo (Depart- Crop Pests, 6, Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam, The ment of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences (Di.S.S.P.A.), Ento- Netherlands, 787 pp. ISBN: 978-0-444-88628-6 mology and Zoology Section, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Lotfollahi P., Hayatolgheyb S., Jafari Sh. & Shakarami J. 2017. Bari, Italy) for their critical review of this manuscript. One new Aculus species (Acari: Trombidiformes: Eriophyi- This research was partially supported by Azarbaijan Shahid dae) on Glycyrrhiza glabra from Lorestan province, Iran. Per- 6(1): Madani University and Lorestan University (Iran) which is sian J. Acarol. 25–30. DOI: 10.22073/pja.v6i1.25586 Lotfollahi P., Haddad Irani-Nejad K. & de Lillo E. 2014. Eight greatly appreciated. new records for the eriophyid (Trombidiformes: Eriophyoidea: Eriophyidae) mite fauna of Iran. Redia 97: 51–61. References Mukhopadhyay M. & Panja P. 2008. A novel process for extrac- tion of natural sweetener from licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) 63 (3): Ahmadi Hosseini S.M., Souri M.K., Farhadi N., Moghaddam M. roots. Separation Science and Technology 539–545. & Omidbaigi R. 2014. Changes in glycyrrhizin content of Ira- DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2008.06.013 The Plant List. 2013. Version 1. Published on the Inter- nian licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) affected by different root net. Available from: http://www.theplantlist.org/ (accessed diameter and ecological conditions. Agricult. Commun. 2(4): 17.05.2017) 27–33. Xue X.-F., Sadeghi H. & Honarmand A. 2016. Three eriophyoid Amrine J.W. Jr. & Manson D.C.M. 1996. Preparation, mounting mite species (Acari: Eriophyoidea: Eriophyidae) from Iran. and descriptive study of Eriophyoid mites, pp. 383–396. DOI: Zootaxa 4132 (3): 403–412. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4132.3.8 10.1016/S1572-4379(96)80023-6. In: Lindquist E.E., Sabelis M.W. & Bruin J. (eds), Eriophyoid Mites. Their Biology, Received May 17, 2017 Natural Enemies and Control, World Crop Pests, 6, Else- Accepted July 3, 2017 vier Science Publishers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 787 pp. ISBN: 978-0-444-88628-6

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