Volume 14 | Issue 1 Article 8

1952 A Case of Extreme Parasitism J. R. Terry Iowa State College

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Recommended Citation Terry, J. R. (1952) "A Case of Extreme Parasitism," Iowa State University Veterinarian: Vol. 14 : Iss. 1 , Article 8. Available at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/iowastate_veterinarian/vol14/iss1/8

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Index

1. A Case of Extreme Parasi tism ...... 35 A Case of Extreme Parasitism. 2. Bilateral Perineal . 36 On April 3, 1951, a bay mare was 3. Foreleg Amputation presented at the Stange Memorial Clinic 1Il a Ewe ...... 36 for treatment of severe . The 4. Metastatic Carcinoma patient was extremely emaciated and de­ hydrated; the anal sphincter apparently in a Bitch ...... 38 had little or no tonus. A fecal examination 5. Abscessation in a Boyine 38 showed the presence of numerous Strong­ 6. Suppurative ylidae ova. A blood analysis showed 61.5 Pododermatitis ...... 39 percent hemoglobin and as the extreme 7. Separation of the dehydration had caused a hemocon­ Symphysis Mandibulae .. 39 centration the anemia was actually worse than this would indicate. 8. Fracture with Sequestrum 40 It was realized that the horse was 9. A Clinical Diagnosis of severely ill, and recovery doubtful, but Diabetes Mellitus in a 41 because of sentimental reasons the owner requested that everything possible be done for thIS case. The treatment used might be called experimental as this case without results. Although the atropine was extreme and required drastic action. sulphate appeared to halt the diarrhea for The patient was in no condition for anti­ one day, it commenced again the next parasitic treatment. Phenothiazine is day. toxic to the liver and red blood cells. As The bismuth was given as a protective the hemoglobin and red cells were low in for the intestinal tract; the Tannalbin for quantity, and a severe watery diarrhea is its astringent action. Recent reports in often an indication of liver damage it was the literature indicate that atropine sul­ decided to attempt to control the diarrhea phate is beneficial in stopping certain and increase the red cells and hemoglobin severe types of diarrhea. as near to normal as possible before initi­ Extreme thirst was noted throughout ating treatment for the strongyles. the course of the disease. The appetite Over a two week period the patient was fluctuated from fair to poor. given 500 cc. of citrated whole blood per None of the above treatments seemed day as a hematopoietic stimulant. One to materially affect the patient's con­ and one-half lbs. of bismuth subnitrate tinued diarrhea and progressive emaci­ were given the first day, 240 grs. of Tan­ ation so on April 18 euthanasia was per­ nalbin given daily for the first 10 days, formed and the patient was presented for one and one-half grs. of atropine sulphate autopsy. daily for the last five days, vitamin Band On opening the intestine the caeco-colic calf scour compound and later in the mucosa was found to be inflamed and course anti-histamine therapy was tried edematous and contained actually millions

Issue 1, 1952 35 of strongyle larvae. The walls of the an­ terior mesenteric artery and its branches were one cm. thick and contained ab­ scesses up to three mm. in diameter. Thrombi containing Strongylus vulgaris were persent. The con­ tained about 100 ascarids, the stomach about 100 Gasterophilus intestinalis lar­ vae and the same number of G. nasalis larvae were in the duodenum. This was the worst invasion of the caeco-colic mucosa by larval strongyles ever seen on autopsy here at the clinic. J. R. Terry '52

Bilateral Perineal Hernia. On Bilateral Perineal Hernia March 30, 1-951 an 8-year-old Bos­ ton Terrier male was admitted to Stange needle. The empty bladder was readily Memorial Clinic. The history was one of returned to the abdominal cavity. constant straining. Examination revealed By blunt dissection, the was a large swelling surounding the anus. A separated from the surrounding tissue catheter was passed up the urethra and except for the most dorsal aspect. U sin,,, into the bladder without difficulty; hence No.2 chromic catgut and a full curve;l it seemed doubtful if the bladder was con­ needle, simple interrupted sutures were tained in the hernial sac. A diagnosis of placed in the muscularis of the rectum, bilateral perineal hernia was made. including as much of the perirectal tissue The patient was given 1 % gr. of mor­ as possible. A small diverticulum of thir phine sulphate and 1/40 gr. of atropine rectum was tied off by inclusion in on0 sulfate as preanesthetic medication. An of these sutures. The skin was closed was given. He was then placed on with nylon suture material. The purse the table in sternal recumbency and the string suture was removed from the anus. area surrounding the rectum was shaved, Since the prostrate gland was found to defatted with ether, and sprayed with 50 be enlarged, the surgeon considered it to percent isopropyl alcohol. A purse string be a contributing factor, if not the cause, suture of catgut was placed in the anal of the straining which produced the mucosa closing the anus. hernia. A classical castration was per­ Ether was administered by inhalation formed in an attempt to secure reduction to the stage of light surgical anesthesia. in the size of the prostrate gland. An incision was made on each side of The patient made an uneventful re­ the anus in the form of an arc. These in­ covery except for a large perirectal blood cisions were approximately 2 in. from clot. Two sutures of the right incision the anus and 3% in. long. were removed and the clot grasped with The was found to com­ blunt forceps. The following severe prise the contents of the hernial sac. The arterial hemorrhage was stopped by forc­ bladder could not be returned to the ab­ ing a large sterile pack into the cavity dominal cavity due to its distension with and suturing the skin. This gauze pack urine. A hypodermic needle was inserted was removed two days later. The patient into the bladder and urine drained off was discharged from the clinic on April and away from the area by means of a 25, 1951. piece of rubber tubing coupled to the Kenneth J. Wales '52

36 Iowa State College Veterinarian