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BIHAR and ORISS ~. Iii I ll III BIHAR AND ORISS ~. iii IN UY C. R. B. MlTRRAY, Indian Puiice. SliPF.RI. 'ITI\OE'IT. C(J\ ER \ ,'1 F.:\T I 'I·T, I I 'IG, Ulll \R A'ID ORIS-; ..\ . P \T\' \ I!. 1930. I' , I hIt t' - f: I . 1 ] BIHAR AND ORISSA IN 1928-29 BY C. R. B. MURRAY. Indian Police. SUPERINTENDENT, GOVERNMENT PRINTING, BIHAR AND ORISSA, PATNA 1930, Priced Publications of the Government of Bihar and Orissa can be had from- IN INDIA The Superintendent, Government Printing, Bihar and Orissa, Gulzarbagh P. 0. (1) Mlssu. TRAcJWI. SPOOl: & Co., Calcutta. (2) Ml:sSB.s, W. N&WM.AN & Co., Calcutta. (3) Missu. S. K. L.uo:m & Co., College Street, Calcutta. (4) Missll.s. R. CAlllli.B.AY & Co.,. 6 and 8-2, Hastings Street, Calcutta. (5) MzsSB.s. Tno.I4PsoN & Co., Madraa. (6) MisSB.s. D. B. TAJW>O:UVALA SoNs & Co., 103, Meadow Street, Fort, Poat Box No. 18, B,ombay. (7) MissBs. M. C. Slll.IUll. & SoNs, 75, Harrison Road, Calcutta, (8) P:a.oPlUITO:B. or ru:& NxwAL KlsnoBB Puss, Luclmow. (9) Missu. M. N. BU1WAN & Co., Bankipore. (10) Buu R.ul DAYAL AaAB.WALA, 184, Katra Road, Allo.habad. (U) To Sr.uro.um L.rmurmlll Co., Lrn., 13-1, Old Court House Street, Calcutta. (12) M.uuau OJ' TH.I INDIAN Scnoot. SUPPLY Dll'Or, 309, Bow Bazar Streei, Calcutta. (13) MESS.Il.'l. BtJ'.I'Tili.WOBm & Co., Lrn., 6, Hastings Street, Calcutta. (14) Mxssns. RAll KmsHNA & SoNs, Anarkali Street, Lahore. (15) TH.I Ouoli.D BooK Al!D S:urroNERY CoMPANY, Delhi, (16) MESSRS. DAB BaoTHIBS, Nouzerkatra, Patna City. (17) T1111 Boox Co!oll'ANY~ 4/4(a), College Square, Calcutta. (18) MR. K. L MAmUR, Guzri, Patna City, (19) MissBs. RAaRUNA'l'H PRAsAD & SoNs, Patna City. IN ENGLAND AND ON THE CONTINENT Tu OmCII OJ' ru HIGH ColllUssioNm I'OB I:1mu, 42, Oro~vellOI' Oardew~, London, S. W. 1, direct or throngh any boobeller. (13} His Excellency Sir HUGH LANSDOWN STEPHENSON , K.C .S.I. , K.C.I.E., I.C .S. NOTICE. THE preparation of this book has been entrusted to Mr. C. R. B. Murray, I.P., and it is now published under authority and with the general approval of the Government of Bihar and Orissa, but it must not be assumed that this approval extends to every particular expression of opinion. PREFATORY NOTE. THE main portion of this volume deals with the financial year 1928-29, viz., the ·period from April to March. In order to bring the history of the province up-to-date as far as possible, a short summary of the principal events of the calendar year 1929 is included as an appendi~. CONTENTS. PR~>FATORY NoTE y LIST OF ILLCSTRATLONS AND DIA.GRAIIIS he: CHAPTER Co~'l1ENTs xi CHAPTEl~ I. PoLITICAL AND GENERAL EvENTS CHAPTER II. FINANCE ... {I CHAPTER III. THE LE<;J~LATI\"E LOI:NCIL 15.. CHAPTER IV. 23 CHAPTER V. EnecATIOS 35 CHAPTER VI. PuuLIC HEALTH AND MEDICAL RELIEF 45 CHAPTER VII. MAtNTESANCE OF THIE PEAcE AND AD:mNISTRATION oF JusTicE 57 CHAPTER VID. ExctsE I 69 CHAPTER IX. GoYERN!>IENT AND THE LAND 76 CHAPTER X. AGBIOULTURB 81} CHAPTER XI. COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY tOr · APPENDIX I. SH!JIIT SUlilllARV OP THE ADMDIISTRATION Oi' BIHAR AND ORISSA IN 1929 XV viii APl'ENDIX II. l'AGI'l. (A)-MEMBERS OF rm; DmAR ANI} OmssA ExECUTIVE CouNCIL xlviii (H)-MINISTERS x!viii (C)--M.E)IBERs oF THE BrHAR A:-iD 0RrssA LEGisLATIVE CouNCIL xlvtii (D)-MElii!ERS oF TllE CouNCIL oF STATE FROM BmAR AND OmssA lii (E}-1\fE)IBERS OF THE LEGISLATIVE AssE)IBLY FROM BIHAR ANI> ORISSA !iii APPENDIX ill. •\usTRACT m' THE BuDGET EsTmATE FOR 1929-30 liv APPE'NDIX IV. SrEE<H DELIVERED BY HIS ExCELLENCY THE Govli.Rxon AT 'n11 Po treE PARADE HELD AT PATSA ON THE 31ST JANUARY 192\) .. lvi APPENDIX V. SO!'RCF.S OF hFOR".\TION AVAILABLE TO THE Pt:BLIC lix LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS AND DIAGRAMS.- ILLUSTRA'I'JONS. 1. His Excellency Sir Hugh Lansdown Stephenson, K.c.s.I., K.C.I.E., I.C.s. Frontispiece. 2. The Veterinary College, Patna 95 DIAGRAMS. PAGE. 1. Diagrams showing revenue and expenditure in Bihar and Orissa in Hl28-29 13 2. Diagram showing the total amounts that have been allotted to the Reserved and Transferred departments, respectively, for new projects during each of the four years 1925-26 to 1928-29 14 3. Diagram showing the ultimate expansion in the Reserved and Transferred departments, respectively, that will result from the new projects initiated up to the end of 1928-29 14 4. Diagram showing the relation between cognizable crime and the cost of living 60 !i. Dingram showing the consumption of country spirit and revenue obtained therefrom in the districts of Patna, Gaya, Shahabad, Saran, Darbhanga, Bhagalpur, Monghyr, Purnea, Santal Par- ganas, Puri, Cuttack, Balasore and Manbhum 70 6. l\fap of the province of Bihar and Orissa At the end. CHAPTER CONTENTS. CHAPTER I. PnLITICAL ASD GENER.u. EvBNTS. PAGE. PAGE. The Simou (',,rnmi~~ion 1 t: nrest in the Tinplate Company of Golmuri 6 Visits of His l~xeeilency the Viceroy 2 The Provincial Press 7 The comm una! situation 2 Industrial unrest: the strike Changes in the administra­ in the Tata Iron and Steel tion R Works 3 CHAPTER II. F'IN.\N('E. Financial position of Bihar Budget for 1928-29 12 and Orissa 9 Financial position at the Reasons for its poverty !} end of the year 13 Division of funds between Sources of income 10 Transferred and Reserved departments 13 Standard of expenditure 11 Future outlook 14 CHAPTER III. TaE LEGrsr.ATIYE CouNciL. s .. ~sions of the Council 15 Attack on .Minister for Local Self-Government 19 Legislative measures passed 1.3 Presentation and discussion of budget 19 Other hills 16 Voting of demands for grants 20 Questions and resolutions ... 17 Supplementary demand~ 21 CHAPTER IV . .LocAL St.:r..F-GO\'F.RNMENT. The working of district boards 23 Expenditure 27 I ..oral Boards 25 Campaign against water t~nion Roards 25 hyacinth ... 29 Tnrome 2G Closing balances· 29 sii CHAPTER IV-conc!d. PAGE. PAGE. Audit of district boards 30 Cnllection of municipal . taxes 32 Municipalities 30 Income 31 .:\Iunidpal Audit 31 Expenditure 3:.! Outdoor Ad ministration 33 CHAPTEH Y. EDUCAT!OX. General expenditure on educa· The use of the vernacular tillll 35 as the medium of instruc. tion in the high school 3.> Progress of primary education stage Control over primary educa. tion 36 rniversitv ~tnd collegiaie • educati~n Compulsory and free primary education 37 Training of tearherg primar~· 37 Curriculum of schools I Oriental studies l'rinmry sehool buildings 37 I s1 I Education of special classes St~gnation I Seeondar~· education sg I FE"male education CHAPTER VI. PUBLIC HEALTH AXO MEDir.~L RELIU. Org~nization of the Public Dysentery and diarrhCl'& 51 Health Department 45 Food adulteration 51 Control of local health org&nizations 4.5 Water.supply and drainnge 51 Health propag&nda 47 l\fedical relief 5:! General Health statistics 47 Medical education 53 Verification of vital statistics 4:8 Medical aid to women 54 Comparative incidence of chief diseases 48 Treatment of ~pecial Cholera 49 disea~es 54 Smallpox 50 Treatment of leprosy 55 Fever 50 Radium Institute 55 Plague 51 Mental Ho~pital>< 56 CHAPTER VII. ~f.\!ST£X,\XCE OF THE l'r.ACF. ASD AD~JN!STRATI0:-1 OF JUSTICF.. Relations between the police Di-<cipline and health of the Rnd the f•UbJir 58 force ... 59 T.iteracy among constables 59 Help from the public to the police 58 Cognizable crime ... 80 ll iii CHAPTER VII-conC/11. PAGE. PAGE. Political crime 60 Sessions courts 63 Murder 81 Trial by jury M Criminal 64 Dacoity and robbery (il appeals Civil. just.ice 65 Burglary 61 Pan<'hayat courts ()6 Rioting 62 .Jail administration : num· Bailwav obRtruction and bf'r of prisoners 66 derailment (i:2 Female and juvenile F11lse cases 62 prisoners 6e Pieketting and recognition HE>alth of the prisoners 67 ){ bad rharaeters fl3 ~·· Education aud disci pliue 67 Criminal justice : tt-risl c•ourt~ 63 .Jail m:mufartures 68 CHAPTER VIII. EXCISE. Excise polic~· of Govemment 6\1 I Ganja and bhang 72 Results of the poliey 6\l Opium 73 How the results have been Tari and l'arhwai 73 obtained 70 Prohibition Sliding-scale ~~·stem 71 74 Exdse in 1928-29 : con.sump­ Temperanc·e movements ... 74 tion of rountry liquor 'i:2 Preventive work 75 CHArTER IX. GoVERN~If.NT Axn Tm: L.\XD. Administration of T.and Denudation of fore~ts 81 Revenue Protection of forests 82 Collertion of Land Revenue 7i) and ce~s Communiration~ and build­ Relations between landlords ing~ 83 and tenant.s 77 Propaganda 8fl }>avmeut of rent by money­ ~,. ~rder jj Research work 84 Government estate-s 78 Financial results 84 Wards, trust and encumbered Canal~ 85 ~~States Their financial working 85 Their expenditure on srhools and di~pen~ries 7\l Embankments 85 Sun·e~· and !'ettlemPnt Floods 86 Forerts 81 Oris~a Flood Committee 87 CIB.PTER .X. AGRlCUL'l'URR. PAGE, PAGl!. (jenera! economic conditions 89 Cattle-breeding 9.) Character of the season 89 Yeterinary education 9'i crops 90 Dhailai Cattle disease 96 Jute 90 Preventive inoculation 9li Indigo and sugarcane 90 Treatment of disease 96 Winter rice 90 Rabi crops 90 Breeding operations 97 l'rogress of the Agriculture Preven~tion of cruelty to Department 91 animals 98 Supply of agricultural Progress of the co-operative improvements 91 movement 98 Agricultural propaganda 92 Provincial bank 98 Agricultural Engineering 93 Central Banks 99 Artificial fertilizers 94 Agricultural societies 100 Hesearch work ..
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