A Field Guide for Lake and Stream Monitors Produced by Tip of the Mitt Watershed Council OUR MISSION Tip of the Mitt Watershed Council speaks for Northern Michigan's waters. We are dedicated to protecting our lakes, streams, wetlands, and groundwater through respected advocacy, innovative education, technically sound water quality monitorin g, thorough research and restoration actions. We achieve our mission by empowering others and we believe in the capacity to make a positive difference. We work locally, regionally and throughout the Great Lakes Basin to achieve our goals.
426 Bay Street, Petoskey, MI 49770 Phone: 231-347-1181 www.watershedcouncil.org
Funding for this project provided by: Published 2015 CURLY-LEAF PONDWEED Potamogeton crispus inva r this der! t fo ou ok o l e h t n o
e
B
t u c ti c e n n o C of ity rs ive Un off, hrh . Me Photo: Leslie J Description: Submergent, aquatic perennial; ranges from 1-2.5 ft. in length; forms dense mats. Leaves alternate, oblong, up to 3.5” long and 0.4” wide, wavy leaf margin s with fine teeth. Flowers found on dense cylindrical spikes that rise above the water. Easily distinguished from other pondweeds by its curly, finely toothed leaf margins. Habitat: Shallow to deep waters of lakes and rivers; pollution-tolerant; prefers alkaline, nutrient-rich waters. Mode of Spread: Reproduces by vegetative buds, fragmentation; carried by water, boats. • • • K
I n L C C D a r r o o o k w T e o o
FLOWERS LEAVES P STEM P P E i
h k k h h p M n o o o e e t
F t t o o o N o
d d i : u t : :
c L
f
F L o n e h L R
e r s a t s d a l i
n i l h i T g i e o v k i k e n e
J
e a K J e c . g . o I
M
r n M c r M
s F e ( f h e u h n o h e i r t r r h r r e e h I t o
o
a f t C a W f f f , h r
, U
t U i a A n s
n A i t
i v t l v p e a e h e r r r s n r s T i o e i t s t y s y j
s h o e o
o I f e f c
n e C
O C t o
d ) o
n l n p n
o n C e r e c N o c c o t t i v a i c c u u u i t t d t n ,
, i B e B c o u u d g i g n w l
w b o o • s o • • o y d d
: .
i . o w R L o n r r g a g u w
k g N e w y
o H
. P w r
u
s
p
a
c
F
m
b
c
r
3
a L
o
l
f S
t
o
e o
a
p
y
l
b
l
o r l
n
e
a .
h
t
a
t
o
n
w
l 5
o
a u
t
e
r
o
l
s
e
a i
d s
e
i
l w
e
r n
n
g
”
n
e
m
v
n
i
p
r
v g
r
b
n
(
n
d
e
r
,
d
l
e
g e
s
i
a
R
i
o
r
s
a
n
n d
a
n
r
e r
h a
s
/
t n
a
n
i
: t
h
g
t e
i
s
s
d
c
i n
:
e
d s
p
e
C
o g
M
a
a
e
:
t
c
w S
d
t
,
i
a
n
o
i
r
l
.
h F
d
h
a
”
w
n
o u
l
c
t i
i
;
m
s
o
y
e
n t
e
b
c c
b w
o t
R
p
a
h
b
u
h s
t
d s
h
p l
s m
u
t i
i
i
l
l
,
o
n
u
e k
v
e
fi
d
t
y
o
r n
i
0
u
e n
( r
e
e
d
e
m
e
n
e o g
P
w
t
c
.
m p
r
g
s
f
s
r
i
u
4
e m
o o )
i p
a
g
m
s
a
b ,
l
t
t
”
r
n e
.
t ;
l
h e
v a
n
o
u
i
o
e
e
i
w w
s
d
y
d
s
t
a
n
p d h r
:
e
3
r
l
t
t
,
i
i
. l
e
g
i
(
e
t
n
d
h
l
1
e
t g
d fl
r
h
a
o
n
i
d
a
e e
”
h a
2
s
t
.
s
f
,
e e
0
t
t
e
) l
1
y , 5 ) EURASIAN WATERMILFOIL Myriophyllum spicatum inva r this der! t fo ou ok o l e h t n o
e
B
l i c n u o C d e h rs e at W itt M e th of ip o: T Phot Description: Submergent, aquatic perennial, reaches 3-10 ft. or more in length; forms dense mats. Stems green, brown or pinkish white. Olive green leaves whorled, pinnately divided with 12-21 fine segments on each side. Leaves lie parallel with water surface. Male and female flowers on the same inflorescence. At least two other (native) watermilfoils occur in Northern Michigan. Habitat: Ponds, lakes and low-energy zones in rivers and streams. In depths of 3-15 ft. Mode of Spread: Vegetatively by fragmentation and runners; dispersed by boats and currents. • K • • •
I B E C C n l D l l u k o a a r
m m L t w T
a FLOWERS LEAVES STEM L E i P P
k p R L L a n h h a e k i
F o o v N e o k
e u t t t e e o o f o a n r : :
t d T T
h f T o i i i p p n e
c o o g I
c M f f
F f t t u h h o i e e t r r I t
M M t C a W h • • • • i i t t t t t i
a
s L L L L
W W A t
o a a a t p e h a a k k k n r t t r e e e T g e e o e s
r r
M H C j s s s L h e h h I h a u e c i e e e k c a O r t d d
d h e o r
l
p l C C i n
o e g C r o o v N o c a o u u o n v a n n u i L i x c c t d n i i i l l e e c o d i a n l
b f • s • • • • y l
e
:
i w S P M S n t a t i x . w u r
C a N l M l w d l e a o i i t . l i s t w e r r e
g w w a a y fl p f L b S F F s l u n ( e s 5 o L
L t
e e L n a a l t e L
b r a a f e l o o r a s e - t h e a i “ h e a a o
k 1 a a e e t u t k l u c l o s fi a a d w k e n m h l v e e t k e e w t e e h 0 m i e o e a r h v s v
i e e t r d n
e a t
n v r
, ) a h
w l e
e e t s e h l
s fl a
s r l a e
e n h b e
t
o y
h s r r c i a
b w : e t n h r s w s i a n - e e
s
l u
:
t e n 3 l p t
o e i T d r a M
f a
c i u
h : p s t S e c w d h c
k
- i
a n n o
t
w . c k 1 I s o o p o S o a
u e e c i c n e o L a i m d u e c n r 0 i e d l f h e , r b c e o ” t c l t o k l
• • • •
s a
d t e o 4
b e h l
w h e
i a s m o u f
a
a r n i
l n n r r t T T T
u W r d
k v r ,
d l n n t p a i i ( .
i 1 ,
o o ( o h y a g e e i n
l e e
s s P r r
g s t s l p 4 p c i a r r a
u 2 n d a f u
e u r s o e a
h m s c c p : m a l p . r i g e a - m r
b
- c e h h l
r r r n l p a h o S c 4 i o e 2 2 B a l a .
. h f e p n , c
i o t e v g o a b a u a L R
o e l s
- 1 r i r u h d i s
y h e 4 a r r . a c v i r r
n : . n i e n
L e s g e v o e
, e t k e g
n e ” 5
d g a e d
e d L e
e u h ;
c k )
a r d d 2 e s t e k 0 , s , e 1 . 5 ) EUROPEAN FROG-BIT Hydrocharis morsus-ranae inva r this der! t fo ou ok o l e h t n o
e
B
t n ra G ea n S iga ich : M Photo Description: Aquatic, floating, herbaceous annual reaches 8” in length, with strong, cord-lik e stolons. Forms large colonies, creating dense mats. Kidney-shaped leaves that resemble tiny water lilies, 0.5” - 2.25” across. White three-petaled flowers with yellow at the base; blooms mid-summer. Habitat: Grows in open, still waters; found in lakes, ponds, ditches and along the sheltered edges of streams and rivers. Mode of Spread: Reproduces by vegetative buds, limited seed production. Spreads rapidly by stolons; dispersed by boats. • • • K
I n M F N D l o o e u t t w T n P
c FLOWERS P LEAVES STEM P y E h i h h u h p o e n o o t e s t
o F t t o o N o
: c
r : u
: t f
L
o W f W o e P o n
s n i i u t k l o d k i
h T i e i g
o n
n i M
M J n e
. d d c e
L e g M I
d d c a M
i
e F i i a a a f u k h n o n i r e h t
r r t I d t o
h
a f t C f a
W , T h t
e U
h t i
t n a s T
h i u A t v
i t e p p e e h n r s r
r d i T e o e o t s y e a j f s o h e
r s f I t
e c
C e t h B O o t
d e n e
l a p n
n o
y e C M r c d N o c t o R i c
i v a u o u t i i v t t t d , f n
e B
i W e U u c o r g d , i a p w
n l
b t
o b p • e o s o y e d r
t .
: s o r i h w r
n h g P
n w e e
N e d n w a
i o C . n r w
o r A s t u u a l h p n l t a e e e c . 0 t u l k F L s c S w m c t y r n i o r i h l o o t e s i e l . n n t
a i o n d n 5 o a r S e l r l t h a d y l . e o l d h n g w i - o
e m
v o e
n 2 e e M r w -
w e
r e , n n d s l e r .
- v
s i y s 2 s n p c t a
s o c k r i d i e : t
u : c t 5 . e s e
s e e c
o
e o m S v e U p F h a ” : t h
m u r t
e h t a
r t - s s a
W a a s r e n l h s i r l o ( u
o . , p i r c a e P t g h
e l c , e r a d i h n r u i
t e d c i
r a e o
i a l a b r a z i t g e d l a l
p t s h o s l y . w . o r n i s e l ;
o , s s k
e e o w
n e fl h i
. r :
d i t t m p e b o t i n g h e t a d , a u a h
d
l b 2 t s r i l e 0 p n e 1 . l g e 5 , ) HYDRILLA Hydrilla verticillata inva r this der! t fo ou ok o l e h t n o
e
B
g r .o d o o w g u B a, gi or Ge of sity iver , Un David J. Moorhead
Description: Aquatic, submergent perennial, at depths of up to 20 feet. Leaves with finely serrated margins, typically occur in whorls of five around the stem, whereas the native Elodea has three leaves per whorl and no teeth on the leaf margins. Hydrilla can quickly overwhelm waterways, causing severe ecological and economic impacts. It can grow up to an inch per day and forms large, dense mats near the water surface that block recreational access, impede drainage and restrict water movement, causing sediment to accumulate. Considered by many to be the most problematic aquatic plant in the United States. Habitat: Occurs in slow-moving water of lakes, ponds, streams and rivers; tolerates a wide range of water quality conditions. Mode of Spread: Spread vegetatively, by fragments and tubers; dispersed by waterfowl and boats. P h I o t o D K s N :
R n T o I o TUBERS LEAVES STEM E i b n o p t e r
d
F w t y N
o V u i e i b f a d n n
t é n o t d k
h T f i t a r , i o n D e d o
o u g i I
e r
n M o
o F n n f r o i , i 2 d c c
t u r b I c t 0
m
i t u C u W
n 0 K h f t r i
t 6 a . s M ,
A h
B a t , p
e u a i a t g r c r s T w o p s t h
o j b h p o h e i I d o P g c e e r . e f h o O t o
a C e o d r
s g o t p x n o n
n e : C i r n
. L
m N o e
e s o l c H s v t u l u o i i a i c e y d u c n
c t M t d c e
e c , a e
B e d r h l i u t i r y l s
g h l i b
s w o • l o 5 f a y o f f , o u
: n
0
U w d w n l .
s o i l m w v r a y
g .
i s
w i n c
l f o e .
o w N t s s l r L a w w S F N a s u m a a c m i n s i n h o u o u t p n
r n t e l p
t a a t a a t e o o e t f v u i a r e l n i r d o a d a l d
r t t t e o t m n e f
w l t e m g i r e e o e o
s i d a v e
o v r e r s r e o n t
m h r r i r
t m c s e e b e
t e
s b a h s
fl c h 0 e l s i e e
b u
d
s r r e i
n l n c : a E s o d e h g . n ; a e
d e s
u p : i u a 5
t l
l U d
m
w d r n
i e f a :
o l h L r
t W v b r w v e ”
o , t t
s
v d c
d
F a n e r e
d o e e h e a w e f d r u l e h a e e h r c e k r s o m n p
e
l
u
o t 2 s t s a h s M i m
l M a a o e o n e t h n i p n . e
m l s 0 s i s n
n a a r u
l r g t t e s e g m a
M
i y l y r
e i t
( d f h n e s c
f ( ,
e a ( l r e
c a p l
l t P , s t i e r
h h
o b
s e c e r
a o . a n
h o h o a u r t s i
g a
m i r a l c a c o i d i . fl f n b f t i
z e o e i
l g n i d r a
h t x
f f l l o z . e o fi w
e g e t a i i
o
o - l c n a s e o
a a e t m m e l
w v w e l n h e n o p r a y a e n n n o l x d p e e n g
,
e t e a h s a u i p d s n h
t d
e ; l
) i a r t s r r p o
s i , e n a
2 r h s g t : ) n
l ; i r ’ . e 0 , s s n i i l 1 n n d . y 5 , , . ) JAPANESE KNOTWEED Polygonum cuspidatum (Fallopia japonica) GIANT KNOTWEED Polygonum sachalinense inva r this der! t fo ou ok o l e h t n o
e
B
l i c n u o C d e h rs e at W itt M e th of ip o: T Phot
Description: Herbaceous perennial shrub growing from 3-10 ft. (Japanese knotweed) or up to 12 ft. (Giant knotweed); broad leaves, hollow stems that resemble bamboo. Deep taproot with surface roots that extend laterally from 23-65 ft. Can cause structural damage to buildings, roads, etc. Habitat: Roadsides, river banks, wetlands, wet depressions, and woodland edges. Mode of Spread: Spreads primarily through rhizomes or fragments, in fertile locations by seeds. Extremely difficult to control once established. • • • P K h
I o W B M n t o D e s o a u : a
K l T w d G r . l
FLOWERS J
B LEAVES STEM E i o
p e R i a L n a y o p a
F e i n N o n v r
k a u t t e f
e n n
o L
K r t d
e a ( h
T n s o n k i n e o e e e c g I
t
M a w c K
F f r u n o e i
M t o e r r I t
t
d t C - W w a h 1
L t i e 1 a s e
A e
t t 9 a p e d h ) v r
r T o L e e s j s e s h e I AGGRESSIVE a c e e O v t d
GROWING PLANT e l p
s o C r N o c o v a u i d t n i e c o d i n l
• • • b • s y
T T B
: a o i w r n n r o c w n w
h N e w n
L r o w o a A p h G t 5 J L S w F a g R t s a
. y a C a h w a h l x n e l i n t r u o o “ e r
k h i t o a p e C p o r a i
t a a e t d s i l
a g e w e n l w i h m a a e t n l w r h l v s e r t
o t t
u e l e n
e
n 2 r i r
e e t e o m s i a s a K d w e i k u e e e s n
a / s r l n r w
: o n n t s
e e 3 d k fi b s r , g b t s : ( - U g
r e o e d ,
E n S
n : a
n s h
l w (
a t
t
u h g
e p a
n N
e n K d w b i a e e s
o s p i e p s s r M r p n d n e e t a t
u e d f e i
w t w
e h a
o f t b a g r d s
a e
t m e c
o J e m r
t
i e o h e i r d n
a h s w a t n o o d b c f m
. :
- a t e i U m t d n t
6
s e h r i r u a t e e t , s r s o d i 6 h
b
e
S i ” l
n o s n i a r b a h i ( p k w a
d l a P - o a e
h g l
u b y c
o 1 3
d s fl : u o n m p r i u fl i .
i s ; r o t n . b
2 a 1 S c , a n l )
e
o u h n , l t o . b . o
i ” ) t i n y g
o d l s w m s p
d
a t l e a p o h m l r
o
t : t , o t a e b a e l
i r g p l i o e c d y n n
r n f a a l a s
m d e 2 l d g s g l l 0 l , e , , y 1 . 5 ) EURASIAN PHRAGMITES Phragmites australis inva r this der! t fo ou ok o l e h t n o
e
B
I) R T M . ( te itu st In rch ea Res Tech higancom PhoCtroe:dWitiMkiMic edia.
Description: The “Common Reed” is a stout, warm-season perennial grass ranging in height from 6-15 feet. Forms dense, impenetrable stands, in contrast with the native subspecies, which typically occurs in a colony of scattered stems. Habitat: Wetlands, ditches, streambanks, lake shorelines, and other wet areas. Tolerates road salt. Mode of Spread: Most commonly, Phragmites spreads by horizontal above- ground stolons and underground rhizomes. The use of maintenance equipment in wetland areas (particularly ditches) and shoreline erosion caused by waves and ice can move live rhizome fragments that establish new stands. It can also be spread by wind or animal-born seeds. Once established, Phragmites is difficult to control or eradicate. • K P • • h
I T B M n o a D e t o n o u a s n l w r T : l AND
e e FLOWERS LEAVES STEMS LIGULE E i T R p t r n i i p t y v
F
C N o
o e C u t r f f r r
o n e
t e h t d e
e h T e o k i k n e M c g I
i c M t
F t f u
W o i t r r I a t
t t C a e W h • • • r t s i
a s B L L
h A t
a a t e l p e h a k k d r c r e e
T o e C k s
H M j o
s h e L u I u e a c i e n c O k r t c
d h o
e l i p
l RHIZOMES i n
o
g C r N o s n f R a b F e F o S L l c a c a o o e o e t b n r n v a r l e e a t h u t a n o
e n u v i a g u t a l d t d i t n w o i g e m s z i c i h v r n v e t i c o w h r o e o ,
e s e e e
d d a s a 0 i f e e m t
n
r s r l l
a s : t s n n d
e . b y s h :
f • 4 t n U e s o d
a
, • • • e y e : a a e
F - t
s c p c
f :
e
m 1 D i
t t v l w C L I S
o s h : a
r
n n m t e a
. a m e e e i v
e 4 C s
t w t g d k n s r
d , e e e n
a e a N ”
e e h d t a e
s a r r w d n s
e a d
n
m t e w t m e e C r a e o f s , u m y
s .
d
t v p R h l s r
i
w e
e r r o ( b m : d i e
fi p i a
, i d
g u b r t v i
o t a S r l e r n b n
r i h i e y y p o o a s l a t e d e t . e e . e
r t h
n e s p
t
o l e a L e
e v t
e e c a t
r c o w
e n o d m d
l r o a
a n s a h L e
a i e
n h s
f m 2 x d a s 1 h b a
e f
d s i k
,
w
g
f 0 e d A l r t h s 0 i h M e i
o e i n r E e h b d
i o g 0 e G o o c n t
g s l e c h l h X a l h i 0 r w a l . g u G
c a
o o
a t
o t • • • L T
d m w h
i s p h t
w u i a i R n r p
h e R r t g s J S B e e h s , n o s e i g ( e . s
o s E t u l P
d r d g E . i r r e c a I : t
n r
t u l s n e s h
S s u h
d e c e e i M a 1 b c
t
e
l k
a l e l a a e
a
f o S l c . l 0 e n h i
a e o n
n
o t E s R a y y l
s - I
s h a L e o
r : d
n d t i 2 e e V R L o e a v h i g
t r l t ) r 0 e d i e k
Y . l n E r . e v a s o
e d r a ” 2 e
. n ! w s 0 ; r d t 1 , 5 ) PURPLE LOOSESTRIFE Lythrum salicaria inva r this der! t fo ou ok o l e h t n o
e
B
rg .o ia d e iM ik W s, on m om o: C Phot
Description: Herbaceous perennial with showy magenta-colored flowers on spikes in mid to lake summer, 1.5-6 ft. tall; strongly developed taproot; stem becomes woody with age. Spreads vigorously in moist soil conditions. Very persistent. Habitat: Wetlands, lake shorelines, streambanks, and disturbed wet areas (e.g. ditches), tolerates up to 50% shade. Mode of Spread: Reproduces by seed, or vegetatively by resprouting from cut stems and regenerates from pieces of root stock. • • K
I n W E o D l f o k i
L d
w T P R P a P SEEDS P FLOWERS LEAVES STEM e E i h h
h k h i p s o o n v
o o e t t p
F
t t o o e
o o N o
s : : r u
: : t
r
K K e f
K K
o n
. . C
. . a
B t
B B d B
h e T h d
e e e o i y
y y y n e a
e
e e e t c r g I
r r i r h c M n
F r f u
o o i t r u r I t
g t C a W h h t i a s o
A t
t u p e h t r r
T o e t s h j s h • • e I e e c e
O W B t N
d
l e p o
a o a C r l r N o c r l t o o
h v a R u o i e t d i n n v r i e c n o e d L i
r n L a l
b o k • ( w s c a t s n F L S F s S p c s y 2 w h e m u l m h r r
e l e e o t
: u o i o
o w e e u e r a m p a t n d a o s o v w u a
r m i p w v t b t e l
t
d e o i l P e l n e N
e l e e s , a s s w d a l y e t
m r d a ; i ;
s r h s o :
o n s n e ;
. b s a
e o b :
w
s b n S i r v d
1 o o s : u n . p P l t t
e
q
e a
o
- r f e s N s n h p o p S 4
n
r t u e u o m t fi d e . i l u o e e ” w l e l a n a m n r y a ; a s m e r d ; r n • •
s o t
n . e
i l n i s e d s s fl h t a t
s
t e - p C D e
t
d s
h h a r e J p m o s M r r
a g o :
u t d e o o a e , o
o
c u s e a S 4 e c t i r l u r o i r e e r y o
g
r t c d e o p
k - e s s d
u l
v 6
l h l t e u e i
p , l s a d p e e
h n a . r
d o p n d
i s i ( e s
a B r n r P r e r g w
c m o i u
a L s L o a u v t p d e a i a a d a . ) l b i r e l u l , . c r o e e t e p l k . k
n u i h s o o g 5 s d w d e e d l
c h r : m e a h - , , t e h g
7 i
t d
o e a
2 n t s 0 1 5 ) AIS-Quagga Mussels.qxp_Layout 1 5/28/15 6:41 AM Page 1
QUAGGA MUSSELS Dreissena bugensis inva r this der! t fo ou ok o l e h t n o
e
B
rg .o d o o w g Bu y, ve ur l S ica log P . Geo hoto: Amy Benson, U.S Description: Freshwater mollusk reaching up to 1.5” in length. Similar in appearance and size to the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) , the quagga mussel, when placed on a surface, fall over as they lack a flat underside (hinged side), while zebra mussels are stable on their flattened hinge side. Quagga mussel shells are also rounder, lack ridges, and usually have dark concentric rings, yet are pale in color near the hinge. Habitat: Quagga mussels are commonly found in waters more than 90 ft. deep, while zebra mussels are usually found at depths of less than 50 feet. Unlike zebra mussels, quagga mussels can live and thrive directly on a muddy or sandy bottom. They also tolerate a wider range of extremes in temperature and water depth than zebra mussels and spawn at colder temperatures. AIS-Quagga Mussels.qxp_Layout 1 5/28/15 6:41 AM Page 2
IDENTIFICATION
Zebra Mussel Obvious Ridge
Can stand on its flattened edge
Quagga Mussel Lacking Ridge
Usually pale in color at the hinge
Rounder shell. unable to stand on its edge Not shown at actual size. Photo: USGS Known to occur at these locations in Northern Michigan: • Lake Michigan • Lake Huron • Lake Charlevoix (Published 2015)
Tip of the Mitt Watershed Council • www.watershedcouncil.org Funding for this project provided by: ROUND GOBY Neogobius melanostomus inva r this der! t fo ou ok o l e h t n o
e
B
t n ra G a Se an ig ch Mi de, ve Ju Photo: Da Description: Usually 3-6” long, but can be up to 10” long. They have frog-like raised eyes with large heads and soft bodies. Young are gray while adults have blotches of black and brown. The front dorsal fin is scalloped with sharp spines, has a black spot, and may be tinged with green. The back dorsal fin lacks spines. This goby is similar to native sculpins, but can be distinguished by the presence of fused pelvic fins (sculpins have two separate fins). Round gobies displace native bottom-dwelling fish, such as sculpins and darters, and prey on eggs of lake trout and other fish species. Habitat: Round gobies are a bottom-dwelling fish that perch on rocks and other substrates in shallow areas; however, they are now moving into deeper habitat (extending more than 360’ deep!) and far upstream into trout streams and warm-water rivers. IDENTIFICATION
n o i s s i t m r n e a r p
G
h t a i e w S
d a t e o s s u r
e n n r e o n v i e i t i
v a M r i
R : t
s R m
u n n o l r l k a I f a i c a d g l n i I B
h • • c i M r
e n v i r r R e e
e v k i n h a a R
L t
g l r d y e e o o r k e b o N k e
o c r h i n C P C i
• • • s n o i t x i a o e c v k e o n a l l r L o
r a d e u h e s C H k
e o e e k k o h r a a t
L L C
t • • • a
r u c c n o a
e g i k o a h t e
L c
i k t n t a M L e
l w t l e r k u o u a n M B L
K • • •
(Published 2015)
Tip of the Mitt Watershed Council • www.watershedcouncil.org Funding for this project provided by: RUSTY CRAYFISH Orconectes rusticus inva r this der! t fo ou ok o l e h t n o
e
B
P
h
o t o : U . S . G e o lo g i ca l S ur ve y A rc hiv e, U .S. G eolo .org gical Survey, Bugwood Description: Rusty crayfish can generally be identified by their dark, rusty spots on each side of the carapace; the spots appear as though you picked up the crayfish with paint on your forefinger and thumb. Their robust, grayish-green to reddish brown claws have black bands at the tips. They grow to over 4“ in length. Rusty crayfish displace native crayfish and reduce aquatic plant diversity and abundance. Habitat: Rusty crayfish live in lakes, ponds, and streams preferring areas with rocks, logs and other debris, and with clay, silt, sand or rocky bottoms. They typically inhabit permanent pools and fast moving streams of fresh, nutrient-rich water. They generally do not dig burrows other than small pockets under rocks and debris. IDENTIFICATION
Photo: U.S. Geological Survey Archive, U.S. Geological Survey, Bugwood.org Known to occur at these locations in Northern Michigan: • Great Lakes • Bear River • Carp River • Burt Lake • Lake Charlevoix • Douglas Lake • Lower Maple River • Widespread in the Tip of the Mitt Watershed Council Service area. (Published 2015)
Tip of the Mitt Watershed Council • www.watershedcouncil.org Funding for this project provided by: STARRY STONEWORT Nitellopsis obtusa inva r this der! t fo ou ok o l e h t n o
e
B
n
o
i
s i
v i
D
e c r u o s e R r te a W , Q E D M ., hD , P rty be Hu Lisa hoto:com Photo: WikiMPedia. Description: Aquatic macroalgae with smooth, irregular branches, root-like rhizoids. Forms dense mats along bottom forming irregularly spaced pillows of biomass at various heights. Stems may reach 33” in length. Whorls of 5-8 fine, uneven length branches arise at an acute angle from nodes. Distinctive white star-shaped rhizoids on all parts of plant at all times of year; dark reddish gametangia (berry-like structures). Feels gelatinous, unlike native Chara (aka Muskgrass), which feels bristly and scaly. Musky smell of native muskgrass not as pronounced for Starry Stonewort. Habitat: Still or slow-moving waters; grows at depths ranging from 39” to 93 ft.! Mode of Spread: Fragments and gametangia dispersed by boats, waterfowl, and drift. • • K
I ( n N N U D o e o p a t w T p FLOWERS LEAVES STEM r y P E i P e e p h e n h r o s o
F t
t N t o t
o P
o u t
f : : o f
o e
o n M K
c n u t d c r
h T i c N s o i n i u t n n A e i a d c L r g I s
n M r c M
u
F P i e S f u n e l o n i a t t
e r r t I t c ) r
h
s e t C a W , h
e
w t i i
i a s s T k
A
i t
i t c i p p e h o n m r
r
T o e o m M s j f s o h e
I n i t e c e s l h O _ t l
d e e 2
l p
o
c C M r o N o c o q i v a u P t i u t t h d n
o i W i e t c o n o d : i a
n M l
L t b i • e a c s y h r k
e
: s i w l e l n h GAMETANGIA e P
w e N n h
N a o d e w u t o
l a o t : C . D r w o r o
N u t u a C F b fi L a g i S a w o C s o g h n a
h n t c f t l u P e o n r a r t h o
e
u
e e a u e u e a c n m n l a t e w e l r e a b n
i a l m t p m r o t v o , l s n e m n c
e e i
c e n e a u e d f S n h h
s
h n n t g r
a c d
s n e e a t ,
w : e : c
t e c u t n u M M
) : n s s r e o h l L M d
s a t u v g i
b . f W C a l v g c . .
o c y o i i s
a l o e a c e a c D i r e c
t o r r k r a h n - e e p m y n e h i
l a s u s
f r o
s
i o - d ,
b r a r
r k
l n t e i o 2 r ( e o a k n e
r r e P e g 0 l b
f c u a e t
m s a u 1 n
r
b u b s i 3 c a e
c t a b t e g o l q
h e r h
l r
l p . . n d a b fl n i a
f a t o r u e s l
e
h n l n o d s 3 h o n 5 r :
s e
b
e w e w c g i 3 d ( c - e n d s s h a 8 h a t ” e e z
h t a s 2 e a e e l r t s e 0 i l s s o r d . s 1 n -
. . 5 ) WILD PARSNIP Pastinaca sativa inva r this der! t fo ou ok o l e h t n o
e
B
Description: Tall, herbaceous biennial, dies after producing seed; up to 5 ft. in height; long, thick taproot. Stems are upright, unbranched, thick, hairy, and deeply Above shows Phytophotodermatitis from contact grooved. Flowers have a similar appear - with wild parsnip. Chemicals found in leaves, ance to dill. They grow up to 6” wide stems, and flowers of wild parsnip can cause and bloom June through mid-July. skin rashes, burns, and blisters, especially in the presence of sunlight. (Photo: USDA, APHIS PPQ) Habitat: Open spaces such as prairies, savannas and fens. Commonly found in roadside ditches and open areas along streams and lakes. Tolerates a range of soil con - ditions. Shade intolerant. IDENTIFICATION S M E E V T A S E L
Photo: Ohio State Weed Lab Archive, Ohio State University, Bugwood.org Stems: Upright; unbranched; thick; hairy; deeply grooved. Leaves: 6” long alternate leaves
S with 5-15 oval, smooth, toothed
R leaflets. E
W Flowers: Numerous, small, yellow O in color, 5 petals, found in flat L
F groupings up to 6” wide; blooms June through mid-July. Seeds: Seeds are large, flat, round, yellowish; can remain Photo: K.Beyer viable for up to four years. Avoid Contact with this Invasive Known to occur at these locations in Northern Michigan: Widespread throughout much of Northern Michigan particularly alongside roads and surface waters. (Published 2015)
Tip of the Mitt Watershed Council • www.watershedcouncil.org Funding for this project provided by: Before launching and before leaving.... Inspect everything!
Storage Bilge Dock Live lines Wells Anchor
Hitch Prop
Hull Trailer Rollers/ Motor Bunks Axle Intake RESOURCES Michigan Natural Features Inventory mnfi.anr.msu.edu Midwest Invasive Species Information Network misin.msu.edu Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health invasive.org Michigan Department of Natural Resources & Michigan Department of Environmental Quality Questions about identification, Questions about identification management, and control of management, and the control of terrestrial invasive species . aquatic invasive species DNR - Wildlife Division www.michigan.gov/aquaticinvasives www.michigan.gov/invasivespecies DEQ - Water Resources Division 517-241-1153 517-284-5473
www.watershedcouncil.org/ais-reporting or call our Watershed Protection Team at 231-347-1181 For verification purposes, note location and take photos or samples if possible. If collecting a specimen for ID , place in a sealed plastic bag or container at the site and don’t release into the wild or compost. Hand deliver specimens; don’t mail them. Please leave all flowers or fruits at site.
Tip of the Mitt Watershed Council 426 Bay Street, Petoskey, MI 49770 www.watershedcouncil.org [email protected] 231-347-1181