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Border Trade: Reopening the Tibet Border Claude Arpi the First Part of This Paper Concluded with This Question: Can the Borders
Border Trade: Reopening the Tibet Border Claude Arpi The first part of this paper concluded with this question: can the borders be softened again? Can the age-old relation between the Tibetans and the Himalayans be revived? The process has started, though it is slow. This paper will look at the gains acquired from the reopening of the three land ports, but also at the difficulties to return to the booming trade which existed between Tibet and India before the invasion of Tibet in 1950 and to a certain extent till the Indo-China war of 1962. It will also examine the possibility to reopen more land ports in the future, mainly in Ladakh (Demchok) and Arunachal Pradesh. Tibet’s Economic Figures for 2012 According to a Chinese official website, the Tibetan Autonomous Region is economically doing extremely well. Here are some ‘official’ figures: • Tibet's GDP reached 11.3 billion US $ in 2012, an increase of 12 % compared to the previous year (Tibet's GDP was 9.75 billion US $ in 2011 and 8.75 billion US $ in 2010). • Tibet's economy has maintained double-digit growth for 20 consecutive years. • Fixed asset investment have increased by 20.1 % • The tax revenues reached 2.26 billion US $ (fiscal revenue grew by 46%) • And Tibet received over 11 million domestic and foreign tourists earning 2.13 billion US $ Tibet’s Foreign Trade Figures for 2012 The foreign trade is doing particularly well. On January 23, 2013, Xinhua announced that Tibet has registered new records in foreign trade. A Chinese government agency reported that the foreign trade of the Tibetan Autonomous Region reached more than 3 billion U.S. -
Arunachal Pradesh Yatra by Sanjeev Nayyar July 2014 I Spent Nearly
Arunachal Pradesh Yatra By Sanjeev Nayyar July 2014 I spent nearly three weeks in Arunachal Pradesh, drove over 3,000 kms starting from Deomali in the east to Tawang in the west the last stop being Gauhati. It was one of the most intense drives and yatras of my life. We covered touristy places, schools, war memorials and border visit. This piece gives you the route that I took, places to see along the way plus links of pictures uploaded on esamskriti. Photo captions have travel tips etc. Travel Route I took a Mumbai-Kolkatta-Dibrugarh flight. If you book tickets in advance then get a cheap fare. INDIGO was bang on time – reliable as always. From Dibrugarh took a Tata Sumo. It is about a 3-4 hour drive to Ramakrishna Mission School, Narrottamnagar in Deomali. From RKM it is about an 8 hour drive to Teju. Route was Deomali- Godumsa-Namsai-Chowkham-Wakro-Parasuram Kund-Tezu. We stopped by at Chowkham, Wakro and Parasramkund. Tezu to Roing - there was a bridge being built over river in September 2013 when we went. If completed Tezu to Roing is about 2-3 hours. We had to take a longer route, took app 4 hours. From Roing Mayurdia is a 2 hour drive, can do a day trip. From Roing takes about 2 hours to reach the banks of the Brahmaputra – crossing the river takes one hour but might need to wait longer depending on boat availability. After crossing the river it is a 1.5 to 2 hour drive to Dibrugarh. -
Geological Society of America Bulletin
Downloaded from gsabulletin.gsapubs.org on July 5, 2010 Geological Society of America Bulletin Geologic correlation of the Himalayan orogen and Indian craton: Part 2. Structural geology, geochronology, and tectonic evolution of the Eastern Himalaya An Yin, C.S. Dubey, T.K. Kelty, A.A.G. Webb, T.M. Harrison, C.Y. Chou and Julien Célérier Geological Society of America Bulletin 2010;122;360-395 doi: 10.1130/B26461.1 Email alerting services click www.gsapubs.org/cgi/alerts to receive free e-mail alerts when new articles cite this article Subscribe click www.gsapubs.org/subscriptions/ to subscribe to Geological Society of America Bulletin Permission request click http://www.geosociety.org/pubs/copyrt.htm#gsa to contact GSA Copyright not claimed on content prepared wholly by U.S. government employees within scope of their employment. Individual scientists are hereby granted permission, without fees or further requests to GSA, to use a single figure, a single table, and/or a brief paragraph of text in subsequent works and to make unlimited copies of items in GSA's journals for noncommercial use in classrooms to further education and science. This file may not be posted to any Web site, but authors may post the abstracts only of their articles on their own or their organization's Web site providing the posting includes a reference to the article's full citation. GSA provides this and other forums for the presentation of diverse opinions and positions by scientists worldwide, regardless of their race, citizenship, gender, religion, or political viewpoint. Opinions presented in this publication do not reflect official positions of the Society. -
India-Nepal,Kalapani,Nepal,Open Border
APRIL 2020 ISSUE NO. 356 India and Nepal’s Kalapani Border Dispute: An Explainer SOHINI NAYAK ABSTRACT Neighbours India and Nepal, who share an open border, have not always had the most amicable of relations, oscillating from one extreme to the other. One of their long-standing disputes is over the border area of Kalapani. This discord has the potential to disrupt the other aspects of their ties, especially in the domains of the economy and cross-border security. Further, if the two countries fail to arrive at a resolution to the disagreement, it might give other stakeholders such as China an opportunity to interfere. This brief explains the Kalapani issue and in that context, explores what can be expected of the bilateral relationship in the future. Attribution: Sohini Nayak, “India and Nepal’s Kalapani Border Dispute: An Explainer,” ORF Issue Brief No. 356, April 2020, Observer Research Foundation. Observer Research Foundation (ORF) is a public policy think tank that aims to influence the formulation of policies for building a strong and prosperous India. ORF pursues these goals by providing informed analyses and in-depth research, and organising events that serve as platforms for stimulating and productive discussions. ISBN 978-93-89622-94-2 © 2020 Observer Research Foundation. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, copied, archived, retained or transmitted through print, speech or electronic media without prior written approval from ORF. India and Nepal’s Kalapani Border Dispute: An Explainer INTRODUCTION External Affairs, Nepal, under the leadership of Foreign Minister Pradeep Kumar Gyawali also In November 2019, the Home Ministry of India issued a statement for the media stating that, released a new edition of the Indian political “The Nepal government is committed to map, showing Jammu and Kashmir along with protecting the country’s external borders and it 1 Ladakh as the new union territories of India. -
Revised Draft Experiences with Inter Basin Water
REVISED DRAFT EXPERIENCES WITH INTER BASIN WATER TRANSFERS FOR IRRIGATION, DRAINAGE AND FLOOD MANAGEMENT ICID TASK FORCE ON INTER BASIN WATER TRANSFERS Edited by Jancy Vijayan and Bart Schultz August 2007 International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage (ICID) 48 Nyaya Marg, Chanakyapuri New Delhi 110 021 INDIA Tel: (91-11) 26116837; 26115679; 24679532; Fax: (91-11) 26115962 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.icid.org 1 Foreword FOREWORD Inter Basin Water Transfers (IBWT) are in operation at a quite substantial scale, especially in several developed and emerging countries. In these countries and to a certain extent in some least developed countries there is a substantial interest to develop new IBWTs. IBWTs are being applied or developed not only for irrigated agriculture and hydropower, but also for municipal and industrial water supply, flood management, flow augmentation (increasing flow within a certain river reach or canal for a certain purpose), and in a few cases for navigation, mining, recreation, drainage, wildlife, pollution control, log transport, or estuary improvement. Debates on the pros and cons of such transfers are on going at National and International level. New ideas and concepts on the viabilities and constraints of IBWTs are being presented and deliberated in various fora. In light of this the Central Office of the International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage (ICID) has attempted a compilation covering the existing and proposed IBWT schemes all over the world, to the extent of data availability. The first version of the compilation was presented on the occasion of the 54th International Executive Council Meeting of ICID in Montpellier, France, 14 - 19 September 2003. -
Mountain Ranges in India for Banking & SSC Exam
Mountain Ranges in India for Banking & SSC Exam - GK Notes in PDF Every year 11th December is observed as the 'International Mountain Day.' A theme is set for this day to mark a purpose and to create awareness. This year's theme is “#MountainsMatter.” It will highlight the importance of mountains and their need for youth, water, disaster risk reduction, food, indigenous peoples and biodiversity. Mountains play a pivotal role in our life by altering the weather pattern and climatic conditions. They are also rich in endemic species and has great impact on Natural Ecosystem of the country. Thus, the knowledge of Mountain Ranges is very important from the point of view of various Banking, SSC and other Government Exams. To help you prepare this topic, here's the account of the major Mountain Ranges in India. A Mountain Range is a sequential chain or series of mountains or hills with similarity in form, structure and alignment that have arisen from the same cause, usually an orogeny. List of the prominent Mountain Ranges in India ⇒ The Himalaya Range • Himalaya is the highest mountain ranges in India • The word Himalaya literally translates to "abode of snow" from Sanskrit. • The Himalayan Mountain range is the youngest mountain range of India and new fold mountain is formed by the collision of two tectonic plates. • Himalayan Mountain Range has almost every highest peak of the world. • On an average they have more than 100 peaks with height more than 7200 m. 1 | P a g e • Nanga Parbat and Namcha Barwa are considered as the western and eastern points of the Himalaya. -
Tourism Under RDC, CD, Cuttack ******* Tourism Under This Central Division Revolves Round the Cluster of Magnificent Temple Beaches, Wildlife Reserves and Monuments
Tourism under RDC, CD, Cuttack ******* Tourism under this Central Division revolves round the cluster of magnificent temple beaches, wildlife reserves and monuments. Tourism specifically in Odisha is pilgrimage oriented. The famous car festival of Puri Jagannath Temple has got the world wide acclaim. It holds attraction of all domestic, national and international tourists, Sea Beaches like Puri, Konark, Astarang of Puri District, Digha, Talasari, Chandipur of Balasore, Siali of Jagatsinghpur District keeps the beholder at its clutch. Wild life reserves like Similipal of Mayurbhanj, Bhitarkanika of Kendrapara along with scenic beauty of nature makes one mesmerized and gives a feeling of oneness with nature, the part of cosmic power. BALASORE KHIRACHORA GOPINATH TEMPLE: Khirachora Gopinatha Temple is situated at Remuna. It is famous as Vaishnab shrine. Remuna is a Chunk of Brindaban in Orissa. It is a little town located 9 k.m east of Balasore. The name Remuna is resulting from the word Ramaniya which means very good looking. "Khirachora" in Odia means Stealer of Milk and Gopinatha means the Divine Consort of Gopis. The reference is to child Krishna's love for milk and milk products. (Khirachora Gopinath Temple) PANCHALINGESWAR TEMPLE: Panchalingeswar is located on a top of a hillock near the Nilagiri hill which is popular for its natural surroundings. The main attraction of this place is a temple having five lingas with a perennial stream, which is regularly washes the Shivalingas as it flows over them. So, to reach to the temple one has to lie flat on the rock parallel to the stream to touch and worship the lingas inside the water stream. -
Protected Areas in News
Protected Areas in News National Parks in News ................................................................Shoolpaneswar................................ (Dhum- khal)................................ Wildlife Sanctuary .................................... 3 ................................................................... 11 About ................................................................................................Point ................................Calimere Wildlife Sanctuary................................ ...................................... 3 ......................................................................................... 11 Kudremukh National Park ................................................................Tiger Reserves................................ in News................................ ....................................................................... 3 ................................................................... 13 Nagarhole National Park ................................................................About................................ ......................................................................................................................................... 3 .................................................................... 14 Rajaji National Park ................................................................................................Pakke tiger reserve................................................................................. 3 ............................................................................... -
Mountain Pass Is a Navigable Rout Through a Range Or Over a Ridge. It Is in the Zaskar Range of Jammu & Kashmir at an Elevation of 3528 M
Mountain pass is a navigable rout through a range or over a ridge. It is in the Zaskar range of Jammu & Kashmir at an elevation of 3528 m. Mountain pass is a connectivity route through the mountain run. It connects Shrinagar with Kargil and Leh. Mountain pass are often found just above the source of river, constituting Road passing through this pass has been designated at the National Highway (NH-1D) a drainage divide. A pass me be very short, consisting of steep slope to the top of the Zoji La pass pass or maybe a valley many kilometer long. Mintaka pass Introduction Located in the Karakoram range at an elevation of 4709 m At the tri-junction of the Indian, Chinese & Afghan Border. Mountain Passes in India Aghil pass Karakoram pass Located in the Karakoram range at an elevation of about 4805 m This pass separates the Ladakh region in India with the Shaksgam Located in the Karakoram range at an elevation of 5540 m. valley in China. Act as a passage between India china with the help of Khardung La It is situated to the north of Mount Godwin-Austin in the Karakoram the Karakoram Highway. The route was part of the ancient Silk route active in history Located in the Karakoram range at an elevation of 5359 m in the Ladakh region. It is the highest motorable pass in the countary. It connect Leh and Siachen glaciers. Located in the Himalayan range in Jammu & Kashmir at an elevation Located in the Himalayan range in the state of Himachal Pradesh,. -
PDF Evolution and Development of the Trade Route in Ladakh
RESEARCH ASSOCIATION for R AA I SS INTERDISCIPLINARY JUNE 2020 STUDIES DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3909993 Evolution and Development of the Trade Route in Ladakh: A Case-Study of Rock Carvings Dr. Khushboo Chaturvedi, Mr. Varun Sahai Assistant Professor, Amity University, India, [email protected] Assistant Professor, Amity University, India, [email protected] ABSTRACT: From the beginning of human history trade has been major source of growth of civilization and material culture. Economy was the main crux which caused Diasporas what disseminated cultures and religions on our planet. The Silk Road was one of the first trade routes to join the Eastern and the Western worlds. Ladakh also underwent the same process of evolution of trade although it was a difficult terrain but it provides access to travelers from central Asia and Tibet through its passes. Ladakh was a crossroads of many complexes of routes, providing choices for different sectors connecting Amritsar to Yarkand. Again, from Leh to Yarkand, there were several possible routes all converging at the Karakoram Pass. Comparative small human settlements in oases of Ladakh’s desert rendered hospitality to the travelers being situated as halting station on traditional routes. Indeed, such places (halts) were natural beneficiaries of generating some sort of revenues from travelers against the essential services provided to caravans and groups of traders and travelers. Main halts on these routes are well marked with petro-glyphs right from Kashmir to Yarkand and at major stations with huge rock carving of Buddhist deities. Petro-glyphs, rock carvings, inscriptions and monasteries, mani-walls and stupas found along the trekking routes, linking one place to other, are a clear indication that the routes were in-vogue used by caravan traders; these establishments were used as landmarks or guidepost for travelers. -
General-STATIC-BOLT.Pdf
oliveboard Static General Static Facts CLICK HERE TO PREPARE FOR IBPS, SSC, SBI, RAILWAYS & RBI EXAMS IN ONE PLACE Bolt is a series of GK Summary ebooks by Oliveboard for quick revision oliveboard.in www.oliveboard.in Table of Contents International Organizations and their Headquarters ................................................................................................. 3 Organizations and Reports .......................................................................................................................................... 5 Heritage Sites in India .................................................................................................................................................. 7 Important Dams in India ............................................................................................................................................... 8 Rivers and Cities On their Banks In India .................................................................................................................. 10 Important Awards and their Fields ............................................................................................................................ 12 List of Important Ports in India .................................................................................................................................. 12 List of Important Airports in India ............................................................................................................................. 13 List of Important -
Iasbaba 60 Day Plan 2020 –Geography
IASBABA 60 DAY PLAN 2020 –GEOGRAPHY 60 DAYS PROGRAMME-2020 IASBABA IASBABA 60 DAY PLAN 2020 –GEOGRAPHY Q.1) With respect to the seismic waves consider the Following statements: 1. Primary waves travel to and fro in the line of propaGation and travel only in liquid medium 2. Secondary waves travel perpendicular to the line of propagation and they travel both in solid and liquid medium. Which amongst the above statements is /are correct? a) 1 only b) 2 only c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2 Q.1) Solution (d) Basic InFormation: • Seismic waves are waves of enerGy that travel throuGh the Earth's layers, and are a result of earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, maGma movement, larGe landslides and larGe man-made explosions that Give out low-frequency acoustic energy. • The place of occurrence of an earthquake is called ‘focus’ and the place which experiences the seismic event first is called ‘epicenter’. • Epicenter is located on the earth’s surface and focus is always inside the earth. • The propaGation velocity of seismic waves depends on density and elasticity of the medium as well as the type of wave. Velocity tends to increase with depth throuGh Earth's crust and mantle, but drops sharply GoinG from the mantle to the outer core. • Seismic waves are Generally divided into 1. Primary waves, 2. Secondary waves and 3. Surface waves. Primary waves: • They are called lonGitudinal waves or compressional waves and are analoGous to sound waves where particles move to and fro in the line of propaGation. • They travel both in solid and liquid medium.