Electronic Health Records: a Global Perspective
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A Population-Based Study of Patients in Danish Hospitals Who Are in Their Last Year of Life
DANISH MEDICAL JOURNAL A population-based study of patients in Danish hospitals who are in their last year of life Lene Jarlbaek1, Helle Timm2, Merryn Gott3 & David Clark4 ABSTRACT Two similar studies were performed in Scotland [5] INTRODUCTION: Little is known about the prevalence and and in New Zealand [6]. In this study of hospitalised ORIGINAL ARTICLE distribution in Denmark of hospital inpatients who are in patients in Denmark, we used the same population- 1) REHPA, Knowledge their last year of life. Knowledge about these patients could based cohort design and study dates. Centre for Rehabilitation and Palliative Care, attract attention towards needs for their identification and The aims of this study were 1) to determine the pro- University of for optimisation of end-of-life care initiatives. The aims of portion of inpatients on a given date who died within Southern Denmark this study were to determine the proportion of prevalent in- 12 months, and 2) to describe characteristics of de- 2) REHPA, Copenhagen, patients who died during the following 12 months, to present ceased and surviving inpatients and 3) to identify in University of Southern Denmark characteristics among deceased and survivors, and to which hospitals, departments or specialities these pa- identify in which hospitals, departments or specialities 3) University of tients appear most frequently. Auckland, Auckland, imminently dying patients appear most frequently. New Zealand METHODS: This was a record-linkage cohort study of all METHODS 4) Wellcome Trust patients, who were in public somatic hospitals in Denmark Investigator, School of The study was a nationwide cohort study using record on 10 April 2013. -
Medical Prescription Market Definitions
Horvath Health Policy Innovations in Healthcare Financing Policy PO Box 196, College Park, MD 20741 202/465-5836 [email protected] Medical Prescription (Rx) Market Definitions Drug Product Terminology Small Molecule Drugs: Drugs with an active chemical ingredient that is not live, but chemically synthesized and typically are taken orally or topically, such as capsules, tablets, powders, ointments, and sprays. Brands: Also referred to “small molecule drugs,” brand drugs require original research and development for FDA licensure (also called “FDA approval”). They are approved (or licensed) under a New Drug Application (NDA). They are patent protected for 20 years total (which usually includes years clinical research before the drug is approved, or licensed). They are still referred to as brands even after the patent has expired (which distinguishes these drugs from generics). A brand can be ‘first in class” if it is a new chemical entity or new mechanism of action. It is a “me too drug” if it is not first in class. The definition of “me too” varies – different chemical composition, different mechanism of action. The drug is quite similar but different enough to get a patent. Generic: Small molecule products that are demonstrated to be clinically equivalent to a branded product (e.g., same active ingredient and route of administration, same mechanism of action). Generics do not require original research for FDA approval. Generics come to market only after the patent has expired on the brand product. Licensed under an Abbreviated New Drug Application (ANDA) by the FDA. Large Molecule Drugs: Commonly referred to as “biologics” and “biosimilars.” They contain live active ingredients and are generally infused or injected, and otherwise not taken orally or topically. -
The Internet and Adolescent Non-Medical
The Internet and Adolescent Non‐Medical Use of Prescription Drugs Background Sales of psychoactive prescription drugs over the Internet are becoming a major enterprise, presenting new challenges to drug abuse prevention and treatment. Adolescent non- medical use of highly addictive prescription opioid drugs, such as Vicodin and Oxycontin; sedatives, such as Ambien; and tranquilizers, such as Valium and Xanax, is increasing (Johnston et al 2005, SAMHSA 2005). These increases are occurring in the face of the otherwise encouraging news that among youth ages 12 to 17, past month illicit drug use overall has declined 19% since 2001 (SAMHSA 2005). Although the reasons for increasing adolescent non-medical use of addictive prescription drugs are not known, we do know that they are widely advertised and sold over the internet without prescription. Ready availability through “non-prescription websites (NPWs)” may be one important contributing factor to increasing adolescent use of these drugs (Kissinger 2004). The Director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), the Director of the Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP) and the Administrator of the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) all believe that “rogue online pharmacies” have become a significant source of drugs for adolescents (Volkow 2004, Office of National Drug Control Policy 2004). The global reach of the internet now makes it as easy for an adolescent to buy drugs as it is to buy a book or CD with a credit card, PayPal, or even cash. Some sites provide drugs initially for free without immediate payment. Unlike many scams on the internet, there is ample evidence that these drugs of abuse are real, potent, and actually delivered to buyers. -
FAQ Prescription Questions By: Kandi Rasmussen, LVT
10261 County Road P38A ~ OMAHA, NE 68142 PHONE: 402-533-1151 ~ FAX: 402-533-1159 Email: [email protected] Michael J. Black D.V.M. Michael P. Thomassen D.V.M. Kimberly N. Conover D.V.M. ______________ Exp: ______ Th FAQ Prescription Questions By: Kandi Rasmussen, LVT Every day we prescribe medications to treat our patients. Every day we answer questions and requests concerning medications from our clients. We love your questions but we have come to realize that there are a few common questions that are asked routinely. These routine questions sparked this article. Are all medications we dispense to clients prescription items? No they are not. A prescription medication or drug is defined as a pharmaceutical drug that legally requires a medical prescription to be dispensed. In contrast, over-the-counter drugs (OTC) can be obtained without a prescription. Just like human medicine there are two kinds, prescription and OTC, we use and recommend both. Many medications are prescription only because prescription drugs are only effective for specific problems, and may actually be harmful to your horse if used without that critical veterinary examination and diagnosis. Having these drugs available as prescription-only medications ensures that they are used appropriately. Can I get a prescription for a medication? This question has two answers. Yes, every time we prescribe a prescription drug or medication your horse then has a prescription for that specific medication with specific instructions to be give for a specific amount of time to treat a specific problem. No, we cannot prescribe a medication for a horse or a problem that we have not seen because “Veterinary prescription drugs are those drugs restricted by federal law to use by or on the order of a licensed veterinarian.” In order for a veterinarian to order a medication there must be a valid Veterinarian/Client/Patient Relationship (VCPR). -
WHO EDM QSM 00.1 Eng.Pdf
©World Health Organization (2000) This document is not a formal publication of the World Health Organization (WHO). All rights are reserved by WHO. The document may, however, by freely reviewed, abstracted, reproduced or translated, in part or in whole, but not for sale or use in conjunction with commercial purposes. The views expressed in this document by named authors are solely the responsibility of those authors. Guidelines for the Regu latory Assessment of Medicinal Products for use in Self-Medication World Health Organization Geneva 2000 1. Introduction Self-care can be defined as the primary public health resource in the health care system. It consists of the health activities and health-related decision-making of individuals, families, friends, colleagues at work, and so on. It includes self-medication, non-drug self-treatment, social support in illness, and first aid in everyday life. The reclassification of medicinal products from sale on prescription only to non prescription (over-the-counter, or OTG) sale is of great current interest in many countries. Drug regulatory and health authorities have to consider the types of medicinal products for which reclassification is appropriate, safe and rational in the interest of public health. It has become widely accepted that self-medication has an important place in the health care system. Recognition of the responsibility of individuals for their own health and awareness that professional care for minor ailments is often unnecessary have contributed to this view. Improvements in people's general knowledge, level of education and socioeconomic status in many countries form a reasonable basis for successful self-medication. -
Governance and Financing of Long-Term Care
Governance and financing of long-term care National Report Denmark Lorna Campbell | Lis Wagner Odense | March 2010 European Centre for Social Welfare Policy and Research (AT) • Ecole d'études sociales et pédagogiques (CH) • University of Southern Denmark (DK) • National Institute for Health and Welfare – THL (FI) • Institut de Recherche et Documentation en Economie de la Santé – IRDES (FR) • Institut für Soziale Infrastruktur (DE) • Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für Sozialforschung – WZB (DE) • CMT Prooptiki ltd. (EL) • University of Valencia – ERI Polibienestar (ES) • Studio Come S.r.l. (IT) • Stichting Vilans (NL) • Institute for Labour and Family Research (SK) • Institute of Public Health (SI) • Forum for Knowledge and Common Development (SE) • University of Kent – CHSS (UK) • University of Birmingham – HSMC (UK) Funded by the European Commission under the Seventh Framework Programme Grant agreement no. 223037 Table of contents 1 Key contextual factors 3 2 The governance and financing of long-term care services for older people 4 3 Key barriers to joint working 8 3.1 Structural 8 3.2 Procedural 8 3.3 Financial 9 3.4 Professional 9 3.5 Issues of status and legitimacy 9 4 Key enablers 10 4.1 Shared vision 10 4.2 Clarity of roles and responsibilities 10 5 The funding of long-term care services 11 6 Financial sustainability 11 7 Good practice 12 7.1 Telemedicine 14 8 Ongoing tensions 14 9 Embedding good practice in everyday practice 15 10 References 16 Campbell | Wagner Governance and financing of LTC | National Report Denmark 1 Key contextual factors The background to how long-term care for older people in Denmark is governed is the major sea change in housing and care for older people that began in the 1980s. -
Infosys Telemedicine
INFOSYS TELEMEDICINE Infosys telemedicine solution is designed for doctors and nurses to manage patients, their requests, and provide consultation. The solution captures all the information related to a patient throughout his/her life cycle, including past medical history and treatments, biometric data, etc., thereby providing a 360 degree view of the patient to the medical representatives. The doctor gets consolidated information that helps them make accurate decisions that are communicated back to the patient with a quick turnaround time. Easy and secured path taken by health professionals Attending physicians Welcome, informaton, and to rt Medical po orientation re consultation a nd Patient Se Dedicated number Fax In case of medical prescription Nurse Physician C all w ith ph armaci st Pharmacy Go to the selected pharmacy Solution benefits • Visibility of patient record depending • Captures the biometric details, past upon the individual doctor's access medical history, and treatment • Remote health consultation information • Analysis of patient medical history and • Effective and convenient communication consultation information • Assists in assessing the medical situation between patient and medical staff of the patient • Easy access to medical services • E-prescription / e-diagnosis / radiology prescription, etc. Request outcome • Quick transmission of prescriptions, • Based on patient query and his/her reports, and other consultation-related Solution features medical context, the request outcome data Dashboards is decided • Automated -
Texas Pill Mills the Prescription Opioid Epidemic
Texas Pill Mills The Prescription Opioid Epidemic October 30, 2016 Lisa Sullivan, DPM DEA Dallas Division Lisa Sullivan Ms. Lisa Sullivan is an alumnus of New Mexico State University where she graduated with a Bachelor of Criminal Justice degree in 1989. She began her career with the DEA in 1990 as a Diversion Investigator in the San Antonio District Office. In 2000 she became the Diversion Group Supervisor in the San Antonio Office. The group was responsible for the dismantling and successful prosecution of one of the first internet pharmaceutical cases in the country. In 2005 Ms. Sullivan was transferred to the E-Commerce Section of the Office of Diversion Control DEA in Washington DC. There she worked on the CSOS program (the newly established controlled substance electronic ordering system), the SearchPoint prescription database, and the electronic prescriptions initiative (EPCS). She helped present and establish protocols for the Distributor Initiative which addresses the excessive or unusual sales of legitimate pharmaceuticals by distributors. In 2007 she was assigned to the office of Enforcement Pharmaceutical Section DEA HQ where she continued to establish targets for future deployments with regards to internet pharmacy investigations. In November 2007 Ms. Sullivan was transferred to the position of Diversion Program Manager for the Dallas Division where she establishes priorities and direction for the Diversion Groups in Dallas, Ft. Worth, and Tyler, Texas, as well as Oklahoma City, and Tulsa, Oklahoma. Ms. Sullivan has no relevant -
Restricting Access to Social Protection for Immigrants in the Danish Welfare State Jørgen Goul Andersen
© The Policy Press · 2007 · ISSN 0962 7898 257 4 Restricting access to social protection for immigrants in the Danish welfare state Jørgen Goul Andersen Universal welfare states provide good social protection for immigrants, but are also economically article vulnerable to large-scale immigration. Unlike Sweden and Norway, the Danish welfare state has not only introduced strong restrictions on immigration, but also introduced a number of measures that, in principle or in practice, apply differently to Danish citizens and to immigrants. These could be described as welfare state chauvinism – or regarded as necessary measures to protect universalism. However, there are also countervailing tendencies that afford greater inclusion for immigrants in childcare provision, and radical new measures towards making work pay (that have particular salience for immigrants) should probably be seen more as a culmination than as the beginning of more far- reaching institutional change. Introduction The Scandinavian countries have traditionally had liberal immigration rules and generous social rights for immigrants, both in principle (de jure) and in actual practice (de facto). This has largely been maintained in Sweden and, to a lesser extent, in Norway. Denmark, on the other hand, has not only introduced strong restrictions on immigration, but has also made significant cutbacks on the social rights of immigrants, both directly and as a side effect of ‘make work pay’ initiatives. One might speak of a tendency towards ‘welfare for Danes only’, or ‘welfare chauvinism’: the universal welfare state has been preserved for Danes, but accompanied by tight restrictions against immigration, and a certain tendency towards dualism in social policy. -
Prescription
Prescription A medical prescription (℞) is an order (often in written form) issued by a qualified health care professional (e.g. physician and dentist) to a pharmacist or other therapist for a treatment (medicine or device) to be provided to their patient. There are two broad legal classifications of medications: • The medications which can be obtained only by prescription which are referred as prescription drugs or legend drugs. • The medications which may be purchased without a prescription, which are termed non prescription drugs or over-the-counter (OTC). COMPONENTS OF PRESCRIPTIONS Generally, a prescription consists of the following parts (see the sample prescription in Figure 3.1). (1) Prescriber’s name, degree, address and telephone number. In the case of prescriptions coming from a hospital or a multicenter clinic, the hospital or clinic’s name, address and telephone numbers appear at the top. In such a case, the physician’s name and degree would appear near his/her signature. (2) Patient’s name, address, age, and the date of prescription. (3) The Superscription, which is represented by the Latin sign. (℞). This sign represents ‘‘take thou’’ or ‘‘you take’’ or ‘‘recipe.’’ Sometimes, this sign is also used to denote the pharmacy itself. (4) The Inscription is the general content of the prescription. It states the name and strength of the medication, either as its brand (proprietary) or generic (nonproprietary) name. In the case of compounded prescriptions, the inscription states the name and strength of active ingredients. (5) The Subscription represents the directions to the dispenser and indicates the type of dosage form or the number of dosage units. -
Healthcare in Denmark an Overview
HEALTHCARE IN DENMARK AN OVERVIEW 1 Colophon Healthcare in Denmark - An Overview Edited by: The Ministry of Health Copyright: Extracts, including figures, tables, and quotations are allowed with clear source reference. Published by: Ministry of Health Holbergsgade 6 DK 1057 København K DENMARK Phone: + 45 72 26 90 00 Email: [email protected] Internet address: www.sum.dk Graphic design: 1508 A/S Version: 1.2 Publication date: 2017 ISBN: 978-87-7601-365-3 The publication is available on: http://www.sum.dk 2 Contents Introduction to Denmark .................................................................................................................................. 1 Introduction to this Publication ...................................................................................................................... 2 1. Organisation of Health and Elderly Care .................................................................................................... 4 The Regions ....................................................................................................................................................... 4 The Municipalities .............................................................................................................................................. 5 Financing ............................................................................................................................................................ 5 2. Patients’ Rights ........................................................................................................................................... -
FOR PREVENTION: PREVENTION: Non-Medical Prescription Drug Use Toolkit for Health Promotion Professionals
FORFOR PREVENTION: PREVENTION: Non-Medical Prescription Drug Use Toolkit for Health Promotion Professionals © Stacy Andes Ed.D, 2010 FORFOR PREVENTION: PREVENTION: Non-Medical Prescription Drug Use Toolkit for Health Promotion Professionals Table of ConTenTs Executive Summary .................................................................................................................................................1 Introduction .............................................................................................................................................................3 Materials in Toolkit .................................................................................................................................................. 4 Data Sources & Tools ....................................................................................................................................5 Prevention Strategies .....................................................................................................................................7 Resources .............................................................................................................................................................28 Supplemental Handouts .............................................................................................................................. 33 PowerPoint Template Notes ....................................................................................................................... 45 AcknowledgemenTs