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LLNL 11LDRD.Pdf About the Cover: The 2011 Laboratory Directed Research and Development project depicted on the cover, “An Intense Laser-Based Positron Source” (10-ERD-044), seeks to further develop the world’s most advanced direct hot-electron diagnostic for high-energy-density physics research. Principal investigator Scott Wilks is laying the science foundation for a new and potentially powerful source of positrons (antimatter counterparts of the electron), which may lead to new approaches for diagnosing experiments in plasma and atomic physics, fusion science, high-energy-density physics, accelerator and particle-beam science, nondestructive interrogation of materials, and astrophysics. These experiments are foundational to the nation’s Stockpile Stewardship Program, which is responsible for maintaining confidence in the country’s nuclear deterrent in the absence of nuclear testing. The figure is part of an integrated computer simulation that shows, for the first time, all the physical effects believed to occur during the production of electrons and positrons using ultra-intense laser beams. Research to date has led to a provisional patent on a novel positron source for conventional and plasma accelerators. UCRL-TR-113717-11 Disclaimer Available to DOE and DOE contractors from the This document was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency Office of Scientific and Technical Information of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government, P.O. Box 62, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility Prices available from (423) 576-8401 for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, http://www.osti.gov/bridge/ product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial products, Available to the public from the process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, National Technical Information Service does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, U.S. Department of Commerce or favoring by the United States Government or Lawrence Livermore National 5285 Port Royal Rd. Security, LLC. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not Springfield, VA 22161 necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or Lawrence http://www.ntis.gov/ Livermore National Security, LLC, and shall not be used for advertising or or product endorsement purposes. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Technical Information Department Digital Library Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract https://library-ext.llnl.gov/ DE-AC52-07NA27344. Acknowledgments The Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program extends its sincere appreciation to the principal investigators of fiscal year 2011 projects for providing the content of the annual report. The program also thanks the following for their many contributions to this publication: Barbara Jackson, administrator; Steve McNamara, computer specialist; Iris Lam, resource manager; and Kristen Croteau, business manager. We extend particular thanks to Kenneth Jackson, who successfully directed the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program as acting director for much of fiscal year 2011. Scientific Editor William Craig Publication Editors Jeffrey Sketchley, Paul Kotta Publication Designer Lucy Dobson Cover Design Kevin Melissare Production Staff Jeffrey Bonivert, Kathy Seibert LDRD FY2011 ANNUAL REPORT i Director’s Statement The Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program is the largest single source of internal investment in our future and continues to be critically important for the health of our Laboratory. The LDRD budget of $96.6 million for fiscal year 2011 supported 142 projects. These projects were selected through an extensive peer-review process to ensure the highest scientific quality and mission relevance. The LDRD projects are aligned with the Laboratory’s strategic roadmap and have impact on the Laboratory in four distinct ways: • Attracting and retaining the best and the brightest workforce by conducting world-class science, technology, and engineering. • Maintaining our competency in those core areas where our missions mandate that we must be the best, and evolving these competencies as our missions change. Some of these core competency areas—consistent with the science, technology, and engineering pillars as defined in the five-year strategic roadmap—include, but are not limited to: Penrose C. Albright, Director – High-energy-density – High-performance – Biological science science computing and and biotechnology simulation – Laser science and – Material properties, – Radiochemistry and optical materials theory, and design nuclear science – Information and – Extreme network science measurements • Developing programs in strategic focus areas, guided by the strategic roadmap, where Laboratory innovation can make an important difference. • Looking beyond the immediate challenges to future opportunities. The LDRD Program was conceived as a way for our Laboratory to take on bold initiatives. Scientific and technical risks are essential attributes of a portfolio that expands the Laboratory’s capability to serve our national security mission. Our ongoing investments in LDRD continue to deliver long-term rewards for the Laboratory and the nation. Many Laboratory programs trace their roots to research thrusts that began under LDRD sponsorship. By keeping the Laboratory at the forefront of science and technology, maintaining our core competencies, building new capabilities, and reaching beyond the immediate challenges toward the future, the LDRD Program enables us to fulfill our national security mission in an evolving global context. ii LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATIONAL LABORATORY Contents About Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory ..................................................................................................................................................................2 About Laboratory Directed Research and Development ...................................................................................................................................................2 About the FY2011 Laboratory Directed Research and Development Annual Report ..................................................................................................3 Highlights of LDRD Accomplishments for the Fiscal Year...................................................................................................................................................4 Awards and Recognition.............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 15 Program LDRD ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 27 Program Mission ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 30 Program Structure .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 31 Advanced Sensors and Instrumentation Hybridization, Regeneration, and Selective Release of DNA Microarrays, Elizabeth Wheeler (08-ERD-064) ................................................ 38 Optimized Volumetric Scanning for X-Ray Area Sources, Angela Foudray (09-ERD-045) .................................................................................... 39 Superimposed Plasmonic and Photonic Detection Platform, Sarah Baker (09-LW-003) ...................................................................................... 40 Real-Time Space Situational Awareness, Scot Olivier (10-SI-007) ................................................................................................................................. 42 Compact, Efficient Lasers for Inertial Fusion–Fission Energy, Robert Deri (10-SI-010) .......................................................................................... 44 Embedded Sensors for Monitoring Complex Systems, Jack Kotovsky (10-ERD-043) ............................................................................................ 48 Quantification of Carbon-14 by Optical Spectrometry, Ted Ognibene (11-ERD-044) ........................................................................................... 50 Ultrafast, Sensitive Optical Radiation Gamma, Neutron, and Proton Detector Development, Stephen Vernon (11-ERD-052) ............. 52 Resonantly Detected Photo-Acoustic Raman Spectroscopy as a New Analytical Method and Micro-Volume Probe, Jerry Carter (11-ERD-061) ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 54 Non-Acoustic Secure Speaker Verification in High-Noise Environments,
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