Architectural Patterns

section c Architectural Patterns Overview architectural patterns architectural patterns the architectural patterns section ation of these elements will ensure diversity along neighborhood streets. along neighborhood ensureation of these elements will diversity The vari- and trim. building material, porch type, window type, color, include The major elements of a facade may be repeatedpattern through the plan. This may be repeated if threeelements are of the five major facade varied. facades of six houses, the initial series After across the street from other. each other and This applies to houses adjacent each of six houses. along a series and floor plan) may not be repeated(defined as having the same front facade houses identical In addition, other. next to each Book) may be located (unless specified by the Patternmaximum of three houses of the same style and detail. of character quality response to market while providing demands and cost constraints a consistent details aretrated meant to be a menu of options for designing houses in pages and the illus- The style reproductions. not to design historic region, that are Iowa to the Central appropriate within specific families of styles The goal is to design referencelong as they built precedents within that style. Variations combinations or other alternative of components are so permitted and possibilities using the Pattern materials finally Book components. and and details, porch types typical door and window characteristics, details, eaves Following massing types, pages that document key are several style. place. a particular of the case Town Center, in the or, style components within a particular rather it is a guide to the key possibilities, of all This approach is not an exhaustive catalog and buildings. houses between as a method for creating variations distinct and well-defined section provides detailed guidelines for designing within the prescribed styles This has special architectural of which characteristics. each the Town Center, be depicted within the residentialas will as well neighborhoods These styles and Victorian. & Crafts, Arts Colonial Revival, – European Romantic, styles architectural traditional for the four permitted elements and design strategies nodrt nueavreyo os ein n tlsaogalsres a streets, along all of house designs and styles In order to ensure a variety of the description and general section begins with an overview style Each illustrates key illustrates c 1 1

L-shaped European Romantic house North Grand area European Romantic house One- and one-half story side gable in Des Moines Historic Sketch of an European Romantic house

History and Character

the prairie trail european romantic style is based on the early twentieth-century interpretations of English architecture by Essential Elements of American architects and builders. The source for the design comes from Prairie Trail European Romantic medieval English cottages, manor houses and rural village vernacular houses. • Steep roof pitches with dormers. The American version is normally a house with simple volumes and, often, • Balanced window and door locations. front-facing gables. Gables have steeply pitched roofs between 8 in 12 and 20 • Vertical windows in groupings. in 12. Half-timbering, shingles and horizontal siding are often used as infill in • Porches often notched out, under gables. The decorative half-timbering may occur at the entire second story. an extended roof. Gable, hip and shed dormers are dominant features of the style. • Simple detailing. Windows include single and paired double-hung types mixed with verti- • Shallow overhangs. cally proportioned casement windows arranged in groups of two to five. There • Massive chimneys. are relatively few windows in the facade; the general impression represents a solid mass with small openings. Chimneys are often significant elements in the massing of the house. These massive chimneys may be finished in brick or plaster. They feature simple detailing and chimney pots.

Prairie Trail European Romantic

architectural patterns c 2 Massing Diagrams Massing and Composition

Massing Combinations

A Two-story side gable The character of these houses is enhanced by the addition of wings and Two-story rectangular box with gable telescoping extensions which, through roof. Dormer accents can have gable or massing or detailing, appear to have

shed roof forms. 2007 urban design associates

been added over time. The architectural © B Two-story gable L with side porch character of the attached parts should be Two-story gabled main body with the in keeping with the character of the ridge running parallel to the street. A A Two-story side gable B Two-story gable L C Side gable with D One-and-one-half- main body. Most wings and bodies are with side porch center projection story front gable gable projects forward from the main one-room deep; wings are from 12 to 18 body and has an integrated side entry feet in width; and main bodies are from 2/7 3/7 2/7 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 porch. This gable can be made to appear 16 to 24 feet in width. broader and lower to the ground by There is a wide variety of roof forms: extending curved, roofed wing walls gable, hip, ‘clipped’ gable, and shed. In beyond the mass. select locations, the roof forms may be C Side gable with center projection intermixed. Similar to a side gable massing with a In gable-ended massing types, roof central element, appropriate for larger planes are primarily interrupted by 24'–28' 24'–28' 32'–40' 24'–26' house types. This may occur in one-and- gables (same pitch as roof ) and accented one-half and two-stories. with small dormers. Gable ends gener- 1/3 1/3 1/3 1/2 1/2 1/3 1/3 1/3 3/8 3/8 1/4 ally have no eaves/overhang, except at D One-and-one-half-story front gable half-timbered areas. Half-timbering or a One-and-one-half-story main body, change in materials is generally applied gable roof with ridge perpendicular to at the second floor of two-story struc- the street. Side-projecting porch or wing tures or at single-story wings on a two- are common features. story structure. Where half-timbering is used on second stories, the plane often 32'–40' 28'–32' 36'–44' 28'–32' overhangs the first floor 8 to 15 inches, supported by timber corbels below. 2/6 3/6 1/6 4/7 2/7 1/7 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2

36'–40' 32'–40' 40'–44' 32'–36' Prairie Trail European Romantic

architectural patterns c 3 Prairie Trail European Romantic Partial Elevation and Section architectural patterns eaves Base Roof Wall

7'-6'' 7'-0''

9'-0'' 8'-0'' Eaves Cladding Possibilities Exposed Rafter Brick Timber over Clapboard and Stucco or Brick, Stone, 18" 12 8–20 with Brick Boxed eaves 12 8–20 B A types: of two is typically struction Deep eaves con- is used. half timbering wheresometimes as deep 18 inches low are although they (up to 8 inches) shal- be generally shall Overhang/eaves Eaves roof pitched on the main body.steeply used to create of a the illusion are often set at a steep pitch, False eaves, spaces. and attic introduce light into half-story help to Gable and shed dormers 12. from range 14 to 20 in facing gables can on the street- the pitch Gable L forms, For from 8 to 20 in 12. houses varies The roofon European pitch Romantic Roof Wall and eaves Details Section Boxed eaves, 4 to 10 inches deep. 4 to 10 inches Boxed eaves, tails set 16 Exposed 2 x 8-inch rafter parallel to the ground. parallel and trimmed on center, to 24 inches Exposed rafters Shallow boxed eaves gable ends above the window head. occur at the second floor and in cally typi- changes Material these materials. veneer or siding a combination of Walls with brick frame are typically feet. floor-to-ceiling height is 8 to 9 The secondary feet. 9 floor is typically floor-to-ceiling height on the ground The foot to 1½ feet above ground. about 1 out, enough to keep rainwater just elevated is slab on grade - ally The first floor of the main body gener- Walls c 4

© 2007 urban design associates Windows Special Windows Dormer Types Windows and Doors 2"–5+" 2"–5+" 2"–5+" 2"–5+" Standard Windows Doors European Romantic is characterized by Plank/board or panel-style single door, two types of windows: double hung with often with a round or arched top and

varies 6 over 1 or 6 over 6 pane patterns and wrought iron accents. As with windows, varies 5'-2"

varies narrow casement windows ganged in doors should be recessed as deeply as 2007 urban design associates

pairs or groups of three with pane pat- possible. Simple detailing around doors © terns that are vertical in proportion. The is encouraged. Gable 4'-0" max. height of windows should diminish with 2'-8" 26" max. 26" max. 26" max. 2’-4” 2’-4” 2’-4” each succeeding story. All windows shall Tri m Second Floor Ganged Windows have a divided-light appearance. Four- to six-inch wood trim is typical Windows surrounded by stucco should for windows and doors when siding is be deeply recessed from the facade to used. Ornamental cast stone or wood create the illusion of thick walls. lintels and sills are encouraged for masonry window and door openings. Special Windows Stucco should typically return to the 5'-6" 6'-6" Special windows include bay windows, window – eliminating the need for most oriel windows, dormer windows, and trim. Half-timbering functions as trim Shed small accent windows. Bays should be at half-timbered areas. Equal to height of window Equal to opening or of sash/frame

1/2 sash constructed of a light material, such as width 2'-6" 2'-6" 2'-6" 2'-6" 2'-6" Shutters 2'-8" wood, and can be composed of either

First Floor Shutters Accent Window Bay Window casement windows with a divided-light Plank/board or panel-style shutters are appearance or narrow, double hung win- encouraged as an accent. Wrought iron dows. Dormers should be the shed or lift-off hinges, shutter dogs, and latches Doors gabled type, typically with paired case- are also encouraged. Shutters are not ment windows. Small decorative accent permitted at half-timbered areas. windows are encouraged, especially in service rooms, powder rooms, closets, and halls. 6'-8" —7'-0" 6'-8" —7'-0" 6'-8" —7'-0" 6'-8" —7'-0"

3'-0" —3'-6" 3'-0" —3'-6" 3'-0" —3'-6" 3'-0" —3'-6" Prairie Trail European Romantic

architectural patterns c 5 Prairie Trail European Romantic Porch Elevation architectural patterns 20"-24" dia. 1'-6" porch floor height to Porch Columns Porch Placement Post Braces min. Masonry

9'-0"–10'-0" 10" 8" Open Front Porch Stone Solid Brick Chimney Placement Chimney Caps Brick or Plaster with Tile Cap Brick or brick piers. or brick or stone stone columns, timber columns, on square cross-sectionported heavy Porches may be sup- to the style. variety porch column options provide Several Columns and Railings main house body. or eaves treatment as the the same rafter porches have shallow eaves that repeat European Romantic house roof form. extending up into the main roof forms, Porches have gable ends or shed can Porch Roofs and Eaves Porches and Chimneys profiles is encouraged. cap of chimney A wide variety massing. appear large and have an asymmetrical should They position of the elevation. are element in the com- a key Chimneys Chimneys depth. Porches from in range 8 to 12 feet have room-like size. houses and often at the sides of European Romantic Porches are placed frequently 5 to 7 feet. width of Covered loggias have a typical features front loggias and porches. The Prairie Trail European Romantic Porch Location c 6

© 2007 urban design associates Prairie Trail European Romantic Multi Family Possibilities Possibilities architectural patterns A C Two-story side gable One-and-one-half-story side gable One-and-one-half-story B gable L with side porch One-and-one-half-story 40'–44' 24'–28' 26'–28' A C Two-story side gable B Two-story gable L with porch One-and-one-half-story gable One-and-one-half-story 28’–36’ 32'–34' 40'–44' 40'–44' A Six-unit apartment building Six-unit apartment A Two-story side gable D Two-story front gable 25’–32’ 24'–28' 36'–40' 36'- 44’ white for brick and siding houses. white for brick Dark frames for stucco and muntins). exterior (¾-inch divided-light appearance with true or aluminum; aluminum-clad, built with fiberboard or plywood. built with fiberboard soffits to be Smooth or stucco houses. molded eaves are on brick also permitted with cut wood. Eaves: Trim: Columns: Windows: Roofing: Siding: Materials (including manufactured slate products). (including or slate slate profile fiberglass shingles, appearance for second-story accents. for second-story appearance Half-timbering trowel or similar). (no skip- appearance handmade/formed or stucco with brick shakes, cut lap reveal, siding with four-inch x 3x, 2x, raetlcs tn,or rough stone, Ornamental cast Wood sheathing or fiberboard Wood or fiber-cement board ltca ie cedar shakes, tile, clay Flat og u,square wood posts. Rough cut, Energy-efficient wood, Energy-efficient or 4x atrtis Plaster tails. rafter PVC , or masonry/stucco. Color: Rear Yard Fences: Front Yard Fences: Chimneys: Shutters: Downspouts: Gutters: Exterior Ceilings: rfnse ea,or masonry/stucco. prefinished metal, developer. color palette prepared by the master latches arelatches encouraged. and shutter dogs, Wrought iron hinges, beaded board. handmade/formed appearance. handmade/formed Colors are to be selected from a Half-round metal or Plank/board or panel type. Plank/board Masonry or stucco with Masonry Round metal or Plank and beam or Plank Painted wood, Prefinished metal c PVC PVC . . 7

A one-and-one-half-story gambrel example in Des Moines A two-story front gable example with front porch in Ankeny A two-and-one-half-story side gable example in Newton Historical character sketch of a Colonial Revival house

History and Character

Essential Elements of the prairie trail colonial revival style is based on Prairie Trail Colonial Revival Colonial Revival styles that were prevalent throughout the country in the late • Simple, straightforward volumes with nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Elements from Classical and side wings and porches added to make Colonial house types were combined and modified to produce a new vocabu- more complex shapes. lary that became popular in the latter part of the nineteenth century. This • An orderly, symmetrical relationship mixing of architectural elements produced a wide variety of expressions and between windows, doors, and building mass. forms in the Colonial Revival house. Many of these houses have elaborate • Simplified versions of classical details entrances, cornice treatments and window compositions. Dutch Colonial and columns, occasionally with classical Gambrel forms are also very typical. Windows tend to be taller and wider in orders used at the entry. proportion than the original Colonial houses, and more free in composition. • Wide, multi-pane windows with six- Many of the houses incorporate deep front porches, running the entire face of pane patterns, often paired. the front facade.

Prairie Trail Colonial Revival

architectural patterns c 8 Prairie Trail Colonial Revival Massing Diagrams architectural patterns A gable One-and-one-half-story side One-and-one-half-story / / 2/5 1/5 2/5 / / 1/3 1/3 1/3 / / 1/3 1/3 1/3 32'—36' 28'–32' 24'–28' / / 1/3 1/3 1/3 B Two-story side gable / / 1/3 1/3 1/3 / / 1/3 1/3 1/3 24'—28' 2–36' 32'– 30'—34' C and two-story front gable and two-story One-and-one-half-story / / 1/3 1/3 1/3 / / 1/3 1/3 1/3 / 1/2 1/2 30'—34' 26'–30' 24'–28' D side gambrel One-and-one-half-story / / 1/3 1/3 1/3 / / 1/3 1/3 1/3 / / 1/3 1/3 1/3 26'—30' 32'—36' 24'–28' 0feet wide. 30 for front-gabled houses no greater than porches are reserved two-story Integral Porches one-story. are most often hipped front porches are common. stoops and As with other massing, 12. fromroof range 5 in 12 to 10 pitches Gable Front-gabled rectangular volume. story front gable One-and-one-half-story and two- C house. extend across the full front of the ically front porches typ- and one- or two-story 8 in 12 to 12, is typically Roof pitch gabled dormer. with a steeply-pitched, often rectangular volume, Side-gabled story side gable Two-story and two-and-one-half- B zation. window organi- with the lower story ally, composition- and relate, upper half story gable windows are for the encouraged Individual prevail on this massing type. Hip roofs the length of front facade. Porches occupy most of usually common. Both stoops and porches are 12 in 12. from ranges 8 in 12 to roof typically pitch Gable rectangular volume. Side-gabled One-and-one-half-story side gable A Main Body Massing Massing and Composition and at the center in wide houses. in narrow near the corner located houses doors are Entrance tional floor plans. and wide front houses responds to tradi- doors on narrowplacement of entrance The differing grouped for emphasis. standard windows be can most common, Though single window openings are anced placement of doors and windows. and bal- by a symmetrical characterized composition is facade Colonial Revival Facade Composition of the main body. character tural should be consistent with the architec- structures and accessory/ancillary wings, rear of elements such as side wings, The architectural character attic spaces. and to introduce light into half-story may be added Gabled or shed dormers adding side wings to the main body. living spaces may be created Larger by Combinations porchesfront facade are typical. full One-story, above break. the pitch and 6 in 12 to 10 12 at the eave, 20 in 12 to 36 roofhave two pitches, Gambrel roofs roof facing to the street. Rectangular volume with a side gambrel side gambrel One-and-one-half-story D c 9

© 2007 urban design associates Prairie Trail Colonial Revival Partial Elevation and Section architectural patterns Corner Board Skirt Board m Tri Head Window Soffit Window Sill Water Table Frieze Base Eave Roof Wall 2'-0"–2'-6" floor and finish grade finish house between height at front of

8'-0'' 7'-0''

minimum 9'-0'' 8'-0''

10" 8" 10" 8" Eaves Fascia Bracketed Boxed B Boxed Eave and Return A 12"–18" 1'-6 Eave and Return 7–10 7-10 " to 2'-0 12 12 " Metal Flashing 12 2 20–36 8" 8" 8" 12 Gambrel Eave C 1'-0"to 1'-6" and Return Boxed Eave Section 1'-0 12 " Metal Flashing 12 12 2 and a boxed eave return Prairie Trail examples showing a deep eave type above.inches or rest 8 the window directly, head trim board may either touch This frieze trim. board above the window head frieze C B A has one of three eave profiles: The Prairie Trail house Colonial Revival Eaves Wall and Eave Details Section Eave profiles have an 8- to 12-inch Boxed eave modified for gambrel Deep boxed eave with heavy brackets, with a 12- to 18-inch Boxed eave, roofs. presents a robust image. used with hipped roofs, frequently detail. eave Colonial Revival the classic rake, shallow soffit on the soffit depth; they should be centered under windows. foundation vents are used, When board. skirt houses should have an 8-inch-high Clapboard from inches the wall. 2 the water table should project houses, On stucco or brick above finished grade. inches house is set at a minimum of 24 The first floor of the Colonial Revival Base board above the windows. a frieze There is always inches. by 6 boards should be minimum nominal 5/4 corner houses, On clapboard floor. on the second feet and 7 to 8 first floor, on the feet window head heights are 8 Standard on the second floor. feet and 8 on the first floor, feet ceiling height of 9 houses have a minimum floor-to- story Two- feet. floor-to-ceiling height of 10 houses have a minimum One-story Wall c 10

3'-0" 5'-6'' 5'-2'' 3'-0" 3'-0"

6'–8" 6" 1'-0" 1'-0"

5’-6'' 5'-2'' 3'-0" 3'-4" 3'-4"

6'-8'' 1'-8"

3'-10'' 6'' 8'' Special Windows 6" 5'-0" 10 1/2" 3'-0" 1’-2'' Picture Window Dormer "6" 6" 2'-0" A A 3'-0'' 6" 6''

6'-8'' 3'-0" 3'-0'' 1’-2'' 2'-0" 3'-0" 6"

7'' 5'' Section A-A

1'-6" 8"

Angled Bay Window 1'-0" 1'-9" 3'-0" Accent Windows 6" 3'-0" 1'-0" 6" 8" on the second floor above the entrance. used as an accent in gable ends or often square and rectangular windows are Small are acceptable. heavy brackets on bay windows supported otherwise possible,extend to the ground whenever Bay windows should mented dormers. and pedi- picture windows, windows, angled bay windows include Special Special Windows walls. over windows set in masonry lintels arestone and precast common arches in Flat windows are double hung. Standard than square. in proportion cal and window panes should be more verti- or 8 over 8 on both floors, 6 over 6, 1, muntinbe 6 over Window patterns can in proportion. areWindows vertical Standard Windows and Doors Windows TypicalSections Window

3 1/2" 6" 2" 1" Sill with Apron

2" Brick adjacent window or door. to covermounted as if operable the and must they be sized installed, If shutters are are encouraged. Shutters Shutters brickmold. buildings feature 2-inch Brick backband. also feature a can The trim molding. with or without a cap wide flat trim and doors feature a 6-inch- Windows Exterior Trim wide. and 3 feet tall 8 inches 6 feet Doors are typically lights and transoms. side- surrounds incorporate frequently while have six panels, Doors typically Doors c 11

8" 9'-0"–10'-0" 16"–24" Front Porch Section A-A Typical Porch Eave Sections EQ EQ 12'' 12''

14" to 20" 8'' Section B-B B B C C EQ EQ 12'' 12'' 12 2 Crown

14" to 20" 8'' Masonry Section C-C 1½" sq. Rail Details 3¼" 3" 2" 30" 2" Frame 3½" 3½" 6" 6" ½ dia. 2½" Column Types while 10-inch used on the ground floor, 12-inch-wide columns are columns, or tapered double porches with classical For on the second. tall and 8- to 9-feet on the ground tall floor 9- to 10-feet porches are and columns on two-story porches columns, have 9- to 10-foot-tall Single-story tapered box columns. full-height and 8- to 10-inch columns, height pairedthree-quarter Doric 12-inch Ionic columns; columns; Doric 10- and 12-inch round Columns include Columns and Railings a 3 in 12 to 4 pitch. have or hip porches typically Shed roofs. or shallow hipped shed, with either flat, Porches tall stories be one or two can Porch Roofs and Eaves Porches 10"-12" dia. Doric 12" dia. Ionic 8"-10" sq. ae nbik or stucco if appropriate. faced in brick, porches should be Solid tice panels. piers are with lat- infilled brick between the gaps For porches, wood deck Minimum porch depth is 8 feet. C-9). page (see Massing and Composition, occur they the massing bay in which porches should be centered Smaller in Prairie Trail houses. Colonial Revival Full front porches are on encouraged Massing Porch Location and center. and spaced no more on than 4 inches Balusters should be turned or square, should be more narrowbays than wide. Porch column columns are used above. Tapered and Square Box 10" dia. Full Height Paired c 12

© 2007 urban design associates Prairie Trail Colonial Revival Multi-family A Multi-Family Possibilities architectural patterns Possibilities C D Two-story front gable One-and-one-half-story gambrelOne-and-one-half-story 36'–44' 30'–34' 24'–28' Multi-family B A B One-and-one-half-story side gable One-and-one-half-story Two-and-one-half-story side gable 24'–32' 30'–34' 56'–64' B D Two-story side gable gambrelOne-and-one-half-story Multi-family C 32'–36' 26'–30' 36'–44' or,plaster, board, fiber-cement composition board, surface file to mimic natural materials. file to mimic natural or fiberglass shingles with a heavy pro- rails with straight or turned balusters. or turned rails with straight Soffits and Porch Ceiling: Railings: Columns: Trim: Windows: Roofing: Siding: Materials of polymer are also permitted. of polymer reproductions Historic built-up sections. for millwork or polymer position board, cient wood, with 4-inch lap. classical entasis and proportions. classical or fiberglass with polymer, wood, historic reproductions.historic (¾-inch muntins). divided lights with external clad, od ie-eetbad com- fiber-cement board, Wood, Wood or fiber-cement board Slate; synthetic slate, clay tile, clay slate, synthetic Slate; Wood milled top and bottom Historic reproductionsHistoric of obehn;energy-effi- Double-hung; PVC T&G ca,or aluminum- -clad, od or polymer wood, Smooth Smooth 1¼" thick. at least tions mounted as if operable; weight cement or fiberglass reproduc- veneer. Color: Rear Yard Fences: Front Yard Fences: Chimneys: Foundations: Shutters: Downspouts: Gutters: ea,soe or masonry. stone, metal, developer. color palette prepared by the master or prefinished metal. se ea,or masonry. ished metal, primed or prefinished primed metal. Colors are to be selected from a Ogee or half-round primed Ogee or half-round primed itrcwo,plmr light- polymer, wood, Historic rc,o tn;veneer. or stone; Brick, tco rc,or stone brick, Stucco, Rectangular or round Wood , od prefinished Wood, iy,prefin- vinyl, c 13

© 2007 urban design associates Prairie TrailVictorian One-and one-half story front gable house in Uptown Ankeny story One-and one-half architectural patterns A Sherman Hills L-shaped Victorian house Hills L-shaped Victorian A Sherman Vertical for windows proportions and • shingles, with siding, Clapboard siding, • with natural often Cut wood ornament, • gable roofs. pitched Steeply • pane sashes. windows and four- with two- doors, or beadboard in gable ends. simple shape cutouts and arched forms. or forms such as leaves and vines, Prairie TrailVictorian Essential Elements of Pyramidal Victorian house in Sherman HillsPyramidal Victorian ing’s cornice. restrained and limited to the porch and the build- is typically while ornament The massing forms are simple, to houses in small townsfarmhouses. and rural in this region. and Italianate houses survive Victorian folk-based Anne details grew in popularity, rating Eastlake and Queen houses incorpo- Although exotic Victorian across the country. its popularity and increased to adopt the style, modest dwellings and even estates, country resorts, These books made it easier for the builders of early house designs. Downing Jackson Andrew and others were Pattern books Gothic homes abundant in the mid to late 1800s. the prairie trail victorian style the prairie trail victorian style History and Character Historic Sketch of a Victorian House a Victorian Historic Sketch of The Prairie Trail Victorian is based on the simple, elegant forms adapted elegant forms The Prairie Trail is based on the simple, Victorian the source for many of these early builds on the Carpenter published by c 14

© 2007 urban design associates Prairie TrailVictorian Massing Diagrams architectural patterns A Two-story front gable / / 1/3 1/3 1/3 / / 1/3 1/3 1/3 1/3 24'–28' 22'–28' 26'—30' / 1/3 1/3 B story front gable story One- and-one-half- / / 1/3 1/3 1/3 / / 1/3 1/3 1/3 / / 1/3 1/3 1/3 22'—28' 24'—28' 28'—32' / 2/3 1/3 / 2/3 1/3 C 2/5 L-shaped 26'—30' 28'—36' 34'—40' 3/5 D Pyramidal / 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 22'–28' 36'–40' 24'–32' 1/2 1/2 dies into the side of projecting wing. porch with a shed or hipped roof which continuous story dates a one- or two- accommo- This massing typically body. that of the main two-fifths typically width of the gable facing street is The 12 in gable facing the street. Cross-gabled volume with a 9 in 12 to -shaped L C 12 hip roof is common. front or full porch with 3 in partial story One- and gable facing the street. pitch Rectangular volume with 8 in 12 roof One- and-one-half-story front gable B under the main roofgrated form. porches are inte- two-story Often, mon. full width of the main body are com- hip front porches from one-third to the shed or One-story 12 for the main body. fromroof ranging 8 in 12 to pitch Front-gabled rectangular volume with a Two-story front gable A Massing Massing and Composition the forward gable of the the forward Paired or bay windows used in are often houses and at the center of wide houses. of narrow in the corner located generally Front doors are most common type. Individual double-hung windows are the placement of doors and windows. and balanced by a symmetrical terized composition is charac- facade Victorian Facade Composition of the main body. that should match parts of the attached The architectural character attic spaces. and to introduce light into half-story Gabled or arched may be added dormers and/or rear wings with the main body. may be created by combining side wings and larger living spaces Complex forms front porchesor partial are typical. Wrapping hipped line as the main body. keep the same roof side wings generally the one or more stories, When yards. to the street as side as well orientation wings give the main body an Side 12. fromroof ranging 8 in 12 to pitch or rectangularSquare volume with a Pyramidal D stories tall. stories Bay windows may be one or two types. Combinations c L massing 15

12 8–12 Roof Wall The roof pitch on most Prairie Trail For one-story buildings, the minimum

12 Victorian houses vary from 8 to 12 in floor-to-ceiling height is 10 feet. For Roof 2 12. Slate, shingles and metal are appro- buildings greater than one story, the

Eave 6" priate roofing materials. minimum floor-to-ceiling height is 2007 urban design associates

10 feet for the first floor and 9 feet for © Frieze Eaves Roof the second floor. Window head heights 12"–16" Two eave types define the Prairie Trail should be 8 feet for the first floor and 7 Wall 1'-6" Eave Victorian, one more formal than the feet for the second floor. Corner boards Soffit other. Window Head should be no less than nominal 5/4 by 6 Tri m A Boxed Eave Return A Boxed eave, with frieze, the more for- inches. mal option; with or without brackets which are either horizontal or vertical Watertable in proportion. The first floor of the Prairie Trail 12

9'-0" B Boxed eave with sloped soffit, often Victorian house is set three feet above 6–8

7'-0" hipped; at gables, the rake features an the finished grade. Prairie Trail overhang with simple vergeboard. Victorian houses should have an 8-inch Eave profiles have a 12- to 16-inch skirt board. When foundation vents are

8" frieze board either touching/co- used, they should be centered under planar with, or at least 8 inches above windows. 2'-0" the window head trim. Eave returns Wall Window Head B Boxed Eave – Sloped should have metal flashing back to Tri m the wall at a maximum slope of 2 in 12. 10'-0" Corner Board 12

8'-0" 8–12

Skirt Board 8" 2'-0" minimum 1'-0" Watertable height at front of house between Iowa examples showing a deep eave type and a boxed eave return finish floor and Overhanging Eave at Bay Window finish grade Prairie Trail Victorian

architectural patterns c 16 Standard Windows Special Windows Windows and Doors

Standard Windows Doors Windows are typically vertical in pro- Doors on Prairie Trail Victorian houses

1'-0" portion and have a 2 over 2 or 4 over 4 are vertical in proportion, such as two-

5’-10'' muntin pattern. Panes are always taller and four-panel doors. The maximum

5'-10'' 1'-8"

5'-2'' than they are wide. Some houses may width of a pair of double doors is 5 feet 2007 urban design associates

Accent Window have windows with rounded upper for doors at least 8 feet tall, and 4 feet © sashes. Standard windows are double for shorter pairs of double doors. hung. 2'-8'' 2'-8'' Tri m 6" 2'-4" 6" Second Floor Special Windows Windows and doors have 6-inch trim Arch Window Prairie Trail Victorian houses feature with a simple backband profile. round-top windows, dormers, and box Victorian window and door trim carries and angled bay windows. Bay windows a decorative crown and cap above; win- must project a minimum of 8 inches dows may feature an ornate hood. from the main structure. Bay windows

6'-2'' Shutters

6'-2'' have a continuous base to the ground, 3'-6" and two-story bays are common. Paired The use of shutters adjacent to single or bay windows are also used in front of windows and fully glazed doors is encouraged. If shutters are installed, 3'-5" 1'-4" both massing types. they must be operable, and sized and 9'-6" 2'-8'' 2'-8'' mounted to cover the adjacent window First Floor Dormer Window Double Window Box Bay Window or door.

Standard Doors Typical Window Detail 2'-8" 4" 2'-0" 2" 2" 6" 6" 8'-0" 6'-8" 6'-8" " " 2 2

6" 3'-0" 6" 6" 4'-0" 6" 1'-6" 3'-0" 1'-6" Flat Trim Trim Alternative Prairie Trail Victorian

architectural patterns c 17 Prairie TrailVictorian Porch Elevations architectural patterns One-Story Porch Elevation Porch Eave Details 1' to varies 9' to 10' 1'-10" 8" One-Story Porch Elevation eto -:Boxed Porch EaveSection A-A: 2 min. 12"

1'-4" 8"6" 1 '-0 A A 8' to 10' center-to-center " Porch Bracket Types Column Types Square corner chamfered 8" square w/ Archway Openwork Simple Cut Turned 8" dia. 8"–10"dia. Doric Order

16" min. 10" min. 10" min. Classical vertically proportioned. Flat cut orna- Flat proportioned. vertically Porch should be bays apart. 4 inches square balusters are spaced no more than Turned or columns are tall. 8- to 9- feet while second floor are tall, 9- to 10-feet floor columns First and Ionic columns. Doric and 8- to 10-inch-diameter posts, 8-inch-square from 8-inch-square stock, turned columns include Column types Columns and Railings and detailed. proportioned classically Entablatures are generally on center.and occur 14 to 16 inches 2 x 8 tails are typically Exposed rafter porches have a 3 in 12 to 4 pitch. or hip Shed the house’s main roof. Full porches under may be integrated or shallow hipped roofs. shed, with flat, Porches tall stories be one or two can Porch Roofs and Eaves Porches s8feet. is 8 The minimum porch depth shaped plan. house, or fill in the void created or fill by an house, of a the corner be used to wrap can Porches houses. Prairie Trail Victorian Full front porches are on encouraged Porch Location locations. overentry key portals be used to form Archway can bracketing are a minimum thick. of 2 inches Brackets wood or jigsaw-cut openwork. to more turned elaborate from boards, from range simple designs cut Brackets Brackets at the foundation. piers between lattice is used as infill tern pat- Square square columns. or turned with mental balusters are also used, c 18 L -

© 2007 urban design associates Prairie TrailVictorian Multi-Family Possibilities Possibilities D B front gable architectural patterns Pyramidal One-and-one-half-story Multi-family A 24'–28' 24'–28' 56'–64' C A L-shaped Two-story front gable 24'–28' 36'–40' Multi-family B 36'-44’ C D L-shaped Pyramidal 26'–30' 36'–40' Multi-family C 40'–44' thetic equivalent. Doors: Windows: stone or stucco on block. Brick, Piers and Chimneys: Foundations, Roofing: Siding: Materials rior muntins. rior minimum projecting ¾-inch-wide exte- profiles, with traditional aluminum clad board and batten siding. boards; wide with inches 6 4 to wood or fiber-cement siding, per roof plane. maximum skylights of two with houses; roof not facing a public thoroughfare may be placed on a and flat skylights roof penetrations slate; slate or synthetic asphalt or fiberglass shingles; grade tural dimensioned architec- shingles/shakes; wood of 5-V panels (painted); Painted or stained wood aes- Smooth, horizontal bevel or lap bevel horizontal Smooth, ea,narrow standing seam Metal, Wood, vinyl (solid or clad) or (solid or clad) vinyl Wood, ⁵⁄₄ by 6-inch corner rails. metal for stair black decorative ters; lc,or combination. block, stucco on brick, metal, black picket, or wall mounted. Color: Lighting: Walls: Fences and Garden Gutters and Downspouts: Soffits: Porch Ceilings: Shutters: Railings: n roe or fiber-cement boards. and groove, downspouts. round or rectangular smooth gutters, developer. color palette prepared by the master ate hardware. with appropri- opening, to match sized tongue and groove or paneled boards. Colors are to be selected from a mohcmoiin tongue composition, Smooth Straight or turned wood balus- or turned Straight edn araelm,porch Pendant lamp, carriage Operable wood or polyvinyl Operable lse;beaded-profile, Plaster; Wood Half round c 19

A one-and-one-half story side gable example in Des Moines. A two story side gable example in Des Moines. A four square house massing example in Des Moines. A historical character sketch of an Arts & Crafts house.

History and Character

Essential Elements of prairie trail arts & crafts houses are derived from the Prairie Trail Arts & Crafts Bungalow design tradition. Characterized by an eclectic mix of architectural • Shallow-pitched roofs with deep elements, the Bungalow style flourished during the early twentieth century overhangs both in modest cottages and large houses. Builders used pattern books and • Deep, broad porch elements with expressive structural components mass-marketed house plans and packages to attract a broad spectrum of home • Exposed structural elements in the buyers. These comfortable, eclectic houses were often lighter in color and less eaves such as rafters and brackets ornamented than high style Arts & Crafts houses. It is this more eclectic style • A mixture of materials such as that serves as the basis for the Prairie Trail Arts & Crafts. brick, shingles, and siding The Prairie Trail Arts & Crafts is characterized by broad open porches; • Asymmetrical window and low sloping roofs with deep overhangs; multiple gables; asymmetric composi- door compositions tions; oversized first-floor windows; expressive trim; exposed rafters; and brack- • Grouped windows eted porches.

Prairie Trail Arts & Crafts

architectural patterns c 20 Prairie Trail & Crafts Arts Massing Diagrams architectural patterns 1/3 A Four square 1/2 1/2 30'—32' 36'—40' 6–42' 36'– 1/3 1/2 1/2 1/3 B 2/5 Two-story side gable / / 1/3 1/3 1/3 / 1/3 1/3 36'—46' 28'—32' 30'—36' 1/5 1/3 2/5 C story side gable story One-and-one-half- / 1/3 1/3 1/3 / 2/51/52/5 36'—42' 24'—32' 28'—36' / 1/3 1/3 1/3 D 1/3 1/3 Front gable 22'—28' 26'—28' 30'—34' 2/3 / 1/3 1/3 / 1/3 1/3 1/3 Illustrative Massing Combinations street. Symmetrically or asymmetrically Symmetrically street. 8 in 12 roof and gable facing the pitch Rectangular volume with a 6 in 12 to Front gable D have a 3 in 12 roofshed dormers pitch. placed gabled or Symmetrically facade. from length of the front half to the full front Integral porch ranges second floor. by a dormer and high knee wall on the made possible space, occupiable interior porch The integral is set under pitch. volume with a 6 in 12 to 8 roof Rectangular one-and-one-half-story side gable One- to one-and-one-half-story C one story.cally Porches are typi- porches are common. placed gabled and/or shed roofed Asymmetrically 8 in 12 roof pitch. Rectangular volume with a 6 in 12 to Two story broad front B one or both corners. wrap and may Porches one story are typically elements. or as full-facade facade on the front and asymmetrically cally arein 12 pitch placed both symmetri- shed roofed porches with a 3 in 12 to 5 Front gabled and the front of the house. with parallel runs if not pyramidal, line, the ridge in 12 to 8 roof pitch; Rectangular or square volume with a 6 Four square A Massing Massing and Composition also run the full width of the house. the full also run porch may one-story An inset, story. are common and either one- or two- shed roofed porches placed front and/or and at the center in wide houses. in narrow near the corner located houses doors are Entrance tional floor plans. and wide front houses responds to tradi- doors on narrowplacement of entrance The differing grouped for emphasis. standard windows be can most common, Though single window openings are placement of doors and windows. by a balanced position is characterized Prairie Trail com- facade & Crafts Arts Facade Composition of the main body. character tural should be consistent with the architec- structures and accessory/ancillary wings, rear of elements such as side wings, The architectural character attic spaces. and to introduce light into half-story may be added Gabled or shed dormers and/or rear wings with the main body. may be created by combining side and larger living spaces Complex forms Combinations c 21

7'-0" – 8'-0" 7'-0"

3'-0" 10'-0" 9'-0" grade floor and finish finish between house of height at front Minimum Typical & Crafts Arts eave details Open Rafter Eave B Rake with Bracket A Eaves 18"–24" 12 18"–24" 6

8" 6" 24"–30" on the house and porch. boxed eaves with shallow brackets flat, order columns on the porch and broad, by using Classical- achieved character, may have a Victorian-era & Crafts Arts The Prairie Trail the window head trim. with or no more above than 8-inches board either touching/co-planar frieze Eave profiles have an 8- to 12-inch B A of eaves in the style: There are types two of the Prairie Trail style. & Crafts Arts Deep eaves are a dominant characteristic Eaves roofing materials. and metal are appropriate Shingles 12. from 6 in 12 to 8 houses varies Crafts The roof on Prairie pitch Trail & Arts Roof Wall and Eave Details Section Exposed 2 x 6 inch shaped rafter tail shaped rafter Exposed 2 x 6 inch and shal- Boxed eave with flat soffit, feature a vergeboard. gables hipped, often common eave; the most on center, 16 to 24 inches on center.and 24 inches wide low 6 inches profile brackets used. vents are centered under windows when Foundation boards. skirt 10-inch-wide houses have 8- to & Crafts Arts Prairie Trail above the finished grade. set three feet house is typically & Crafts The first floor of the Prairie Trail Arts Base windows. windows for second-floor and 7 feet above feet the floor for first-floor to 8 feet head heights should be 7 Window for the second floor.floor and 9 feet for the first to-ceiling height is 10 feet the minimum floor- houses, two-story For feet. floor-to-ceiling height is 9 the minimum For houses, one-story Wall c 22

5" 4"

6'-8" 2'-4" 4 1/2" 3'-0"

6' 5 1/2"

5'-10" 2'-8" 1'-6"

5'-2"

10" 2" 5'-10" 8" Special Windows Angled Bay Elevation Box Bay Elevation 2'-8" 3 12 2'-6" Dormer TypicalDetail Window a panel door with integrated transoms. a panel door with integrated wood with either plank design or doors should be stained & Crafts Arts Doors glass upper sashes. or stained a special pane pattern include with paired Picture windows are typically and rectangular accent windows. square, and small, double-hung windows, dows, picture windows win- include Special Special Windows dows are double hung. win- Standard and 4 over 1. 6 over 1, 3 over 1, include pane patterns Window accent windows areSpecial encouraged. or tripled. paired, may be single, tion and vertical in pr should be Windows Standard Windows Windows and Doors Windows 1 1/2" 5/4" 5 1/2" sidelights n rnos and can and transoms, opor- patterns. & Crafts in Arts sidelights and transoms stained glass Doors may have decorative, or door. to coveroperable the adjacent window and mounted as if they must be sized If shutters are installed, encouraged. or paneled shutters are Louvered Shutters trim. a head that extends beyond the jamb with wide, 5 1/2 inches typically board, Trim or tapered may either be a straight m Tri c 23

Porch Roofs and Eaves Porches can have gable ends, shed roofs, 6" or combinations of the two forms.

18"–24" Hipped porches are also common.

Gable-end porches are designed to 2007 urban design associates

express structural elements. © A B C One-and-one-half- Two-story L-shape Two-story side gable D Two-story side gable Section A-A story, integrated porch with full front porch with wrap porch with center porch Columns and Railings Column types include 8- to 10-inch 5 3/4" square single posts; 6- to 8-inch square 1 3/4" double posts; and tapered box columns, 1" 2" sq. double- or single-posts on solid rails, or piers. Columns are 9- to 10-feet tall. Balusters should be square, and spaced no more than 4 inches apart. 3" 2 1/2" Porch Location and Massing In this style, porches and porch loca- Rail Detail tions vary considerably and are used to create a number of spatial effects. As in other styles, full front porches are Column Types encouraged.

18"

6" 8" 8" 30"

Double Post on Single Post Double Post Column on Post Solid Rail One-Story Shed Porch One-Story Integrated Porch Prairie Trail Arts & Crafts

architectural patterns c 24 Prairie Trail & Crafts Arts architectural patterns Possibilities A Two-story four square C A One-and-one-half story side gable story One-and-one-half Two-story hipped 2 36' – 32' 24'–32' 24'–32' B Two-story side gable C D Side gable with integral porch Two-story front gable 22'–28' 28'–36' 36'–44' C One-and-one-half-story side gable triplex One-and-one-half-story D B Two-story side gable Two-story front gable 24'–32' 26'–30' 38'–44' per roof plane. maximum skylights of two with houses, roof not facing a public thoroughfare may be placed on a and flat skylights Roof penetrations slate. slate/synthetic asphalt or fiberglass shingles; grade tural dimensioned architec- shingles/shakes; wood of 5-V panels (painted); boards or fiber-cement tongue and groove, rectangular downspouts in copper, or ogee profile gutters with round or Gutters and Downspouts: Soffits: Roofing: on all sides Brick and Chimneys: Piers, Foundations, Trim: Cladding: Materials polymer millwork polymer elements such as gables or dormers. elements such except for special design on all facades should be consistent Cladding materials Light sand-finish stucco. painted brick. tar joints and white or tinted mortar; with tooled mor- Bond patterns Flemish English or in Common, ish brick fin- Smooth boards. dimensional corner with fiber-cement shingles, cut wood or boards; corner by 6-inch inches wide, miter cut corners or with miter cut corners wide, inches 4 to 8 lap wood or fiber-cement siding, Wood, composite, cellular PVC cellular or composite, Wood, Smooth surface composition, surface Smooth ea,narrow standing seam Metal, Smooth, horizontal bevel or bevel horizontal Smooth, ⁵⁄₄ Half round by 6-inch ⁵⁄₄ painted or prefinished metal. lc,or combination block, stucco on brick, metal, black picket, tongue and groove tongue and groove or composite boards tongue and groove or paneled boards Color: Lighting: Walls: Fences and Garden Porch Ceilings: Porch Flooring and Steps: Brackets: Railings: Columns: Shutters: Doors: muntins rior minimum wide projecting 3/4 inch exte- profiles, with traditional aluminum clad Windows: developer. color palette prepared by the master thetic equivalent siding or brick cut shingle, in wood, clad solid rails ters; ate hardware with appropri- opening, to match sized acceptable in a color that matches trim. color that matches in a acceptable ap porch mounted lantern or wall lamp, Colors are to be selected from a ane rsandwo,or aes- Painted or stained wood, Straight or turned wood balus- or turned Straight Arts & Crafts style pendant style & Crafts Arts Wood Operable wood or polyvinyl Operable od fiberglass or polymer Wood, Wood, vinyl (solid or clad) or (solid or clad) vinyl Wood, lse;beaded-profile, Plaster; rc,wood Brick, Wood c PVC is also 25