Environmental Degradation of Russian Coastal Regions: the Case of the Gulf of Finland
Trumbull.fm Page 1 Friday, September 11, 2009 10:01 AM Environmental Degradation of Russian Coastal Regions: The Case of the Gulf of Finland Nathaniel Trumbull and Oleg Bodrov1 Abstract: An American geographer and Russian ecologist discuss current and prospective environmental hazards precipitated by large-scale infrastructure projects on Russia’s southern coast of the Gulf of Finland. The region, investigated by both authors during the course of regular field research from 1999 to 2009, is one of the best environmentally preserved coast- lines of the Baltic Sea with abundant potential greenfield sites, largely due to its closed-bor- der-zone status during the Soviet period. A favorable location for trade also places the region under intense development pressure. The authors devote particular attention to two major developments, a multifunctional port complex (which inter alia serves as a major pipeline ter- minus and oil export port) and expansion of an existing nuclear power plant. Based on exten- sive personal observations and government documents, they analyze the emerging environmental threat posed by these initiatives as well as the challenging political environ- ment that discourages public participation and local involvement in spatial planning. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: O180, O290, Q280, Q530. 7 figures, 35 ref- erences. Key words: Gulf of Finland, Russia, St. Petersburg, Primorsk, Ust’-Luga port, Lenin- grad Nuclear Power Plant, Batareynaya Bay, Baltic Transportation System, oil export ports, gas pipeline terminus, aluminum production, polycrystalline silicon, nuclear waste, nature reserves, wetlands. INTRODUCTION n May 2008, Prime Minister Vladimir Putin paid a helicopter visit to the site of the Ust’- ILuga port complex, currently under construction on the southern coast of the Gulf of Finland (e.g., see Kommersant, May 15, 2008, p.
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