The Role of Hypersexuality in Sexual Offending & Sex

Home , Hypersexuality, Voyeurism

14th Annual IITAP Symposium 4/23/2019

THE ROLE OF HYPERSEXUALITY IN SEXUAL OFFENDING & SEX OFFENDER TREATMENT

WHAT’S MY BIAS

 Certified Sex Offender Treatment Provider

 Sex Offender Treatment Provider

 Sex Positive Therapist

The Way I See It…….

1 Sexual Addiction & Sexual Offending

The client meets criteria for sexual addiction/compulsivity and has sexually offended.

Client who is a pornography addict who has viewed child pornography online.

Addiction directly related to offending

2 Problematic sexual Behavior & Sexual Offending

1. Non addictive/compulsive use of sexuality not directly related to offending but related to it. 2. I.e. 1. Pornography used in grooming 2. Fantasy and masturbation to fantasy of behavior 3. Non compulsive use of sexualized material that mimics offending

3 Non- Problematic Sexual Behavior & Sexual Offending

1. Non problematic defined as NOT compulsive or addicted. 2. Offending driven by other issues 1. Power and control 2. Arousal template 3. Fetishes for non-consensual sex etc. 4. “spousifying” a child

Sex Addiction 125

Hypersexuality 35

Sexual Compulsivity 95

High Sex Drive 289

Sexual Preoccupation 128

TERMS USED IN THE OFFENDING WORLD THAT CROSS OVER

ETIOLOGY OF SEXUAL OFFENDING

 Problems with self regulation

 Under regulation

 failure to control behavior

 Does not try to control behavior

 Mis Regulation

 Misguided or counter productive attempts to control behavior

 Loss of control when attempts to control behavior fail

 Intact Regulation

SELF REGULATION MODEL (YATES & WARD, 2008)

 Offender related strategies

 Passive

 Individual fails to implement any strategy to prevent offending

 Could be poorly planned or impulsive strategies

 Active

 Used in the offense progression to prevent offending

 Removal, coping skills, or

 Explicitly plan to offend.

SELF REGULATION MODEL (YATES & WARD, 2008)

 Avoidant passive

 Under regulated

 Wish to prevent sexual offending

 Fail to control behavior

 Do not take steps to stop offending

 Deny urges

 Distract in minimal way

 Post offense negative evaluation of self

SELF REGULATION MODEL (YATES & WARD, 2008)

 Avoidant active

 Mis regulation

 No wish to offend

 Implement active strategies to exert control over urges or arousal

 Strategies ineffective

 Post offense negative evaluation of self

SELF REGULATION MODEL (YATES & WARD, 2008)

 Approach automatic

 Under regulation

 Do not wish to avoid offending

 Actively approach opportunities

 Activated by cues and triggers in the immediate moment

 May appear impulsive

 Positive emotional states post offending

SELF REGULATION MODEL (YATES & WARD, 2008)

 Approach explicit

 Intact self regulation

 Explicit, active and intentional attempts to offend

 No impaired ability to control behavior.

SELF REGULATION MODEL (YATES & WARD, 2008)

MOTIVATION FACILITATION MODEL (SETO 2019)

 Paraphilias

 Pedophilia

 Hebephilia

 Biastophilia

 Nonconsensual sexual sadism

 Exhibitionism

 voyeurism

MOTIVATION

 High sex drive

 “Individuals vary in sex drive, with some of those in the very high range having problems such as excessive sexual preoccupation and very high frequency of engagement in behavior such as masturbation, viewing pornography, or soliciting sexual partners, despite negative effects on health, finances or relationships.” (Seto, 2019 p 8)

MOTIVATION

 High sex drive

 “Different overlapping terms habe been used to describe the chronic high sex drive associated with distress or impairment, including hypersexuality, sexual addiction, and sexual compulsivity.” (Seto, 2019 p 8)

MOTIVATION

 Intense Mating Effort

 Distinct from high sex drive because the focus is on novel sexual partners and it may not involve excessive preoccupation.

MOTIVATION

 Factors that overcome any trait or state inhibitions against acting upon motivations.

FACILITATION

 Self regulation problems

 Impulsivity

 Short sightedness

 Recklessness

FACILITATION

 Hostile masculinity

 Tendency to

 Endorse misogynistic attitudes and beliefs

 Suspicious/hostile toward women

 See women as adversaries in the battle of the sexes.

FACILITATION

 State factors

 High levels of sexual arousal

 Intoxication

 Alcohol or drug use

 Changes in affect

 Sex as a way to cope with negative affect

FACILITATION

SITUATIONAL FACTORS

 Access and opportunity

 Vulnerable victims

 Presence of guardians

 Time and place

SITUATIONAL FACTORS

ROLE OF HYPERSEXUALITY IN RECIDIVISM

 Static

 Things that can’t change

 Dynamic

 Changeable or changing factors

STATIC VS DYNAMIC

 Static-99

 Age at release

 Ever lived with a partner

 Prior convictions, sentencing dates, etc

 Unrelated, male or stranger victims

STATIC ASSESSMENTS

 Risk Matrix 2000

 Age

 Prior convictions

 Victim demographics

 Non-sexual offenses

STATIC ASSESSMENTS

 CPORT

 Designed in Canada to use with Child Pornography offenders

 Age

 Criminal history

 Content of pornography

STATIC ASSESSMENTS

 Sex Offender Treatment Intervention and Progress Scale

 SOTIPS

DYNAMIC RISK ASSESSMENT

 16 statistically derived measures

 Designed for intake and 6 month intervals

 Needs calculated based on score

SOTIPS

 Sexual Behavior

0 No problems evident. Sexual behavior is limited to legal and non-compulsive sexual activity. If behavior involves a fetish, it is not illegal, and has no known relationship to the individual’s sexual offending pattern 1 Some problems evident. These include occasional promiscuous behavior and pornography use against probation conditions, treatment requirements or facility rules 2 Considerable problems evident. These include masturbating to the extent that it interferes with life activities or causes physical harm, masturbating to offense related sexual fantasies, frequenting strip bars, using phone sex lines, using pornography habitually, being promiscuous and consistently engaging in sexual activity leading to orgasm more than seven times a week for the previous 6 months. 3 Engaged in illegal sexual behavior. This includes child molesting, rape, exhibitionism, child pornography, and prostitution. If in residential setting, engaged in sexual behavior that is against facility rules. SOTIPS

 Sex Offender Need Assessment Rating

SONAR

 Sexual self regulation

 Poorly controlled expression of sexual impulses and the tendency to use sexuality as a method of coping with negative emotions.

SONAR

 Sexual self regulation- sexual entitlement

 Would the offender agree with the following (no maybe yes)

 Everyone is entitled to sex

 Men need more sex than women do

 I have a higher sex drive than most people

 Once they get you wound up sexually you just can’t stop

SONAR

 Sexual self regulation- sexual preoccupation

 Has the offender engaged in any of the following

 Pornography use

 Strip bars/massage parlor/ prostitutes

 Lusty talk

 Excessive masturbation

 Deviant sexual fantasies/urges

 Preoccupation with sex crimes

 Preoccupation with sex/porno/hookers

SONAR

 Stable Risk Factor

 Personality characteristics

 Skills deficits

 Personal predilections

 Learned behaviors

STABLE /ACUTE 2007

 Acute Risk Factors

 Short acting factors of unstable temporary duration

 Often result of environment or inter personal conditions

STABLE/ACUTE 2007

 Sex Drive/Preoccupation

 Frequency of sexual thoughts and behaviors

 The degree to which an offender’s sexual thoughts and behaviors interfere with interpersonal and/or prosocial functioning

 “the STABLE concept of sexual preoccupation would substantially overlap with the constructs of sexual compulsions, sexual addictions and hypersexual disorder

STABLE 2007

0 No evidence of sexual preoccupation or high sex drive. Frequency of sexual thoughts and behaviors is reasonable for the offenders’s age and circumstances 1 Some evidence of sexual preoccupation or elevated sex drive, given offender’s age and circumstances. My report regular use of pornography, or there may be evidence of impersonal sex. There is some concern that the offender includes an unusual amount of sexual content in everyday conversations, appears aroused or unusually focused on interview questions with sexual content…. 2 Clear evidence of sexual preoccupation or multiple preoccupations (e.g. sexually oriented internet use that has resulted in interference with prosocial functioning, significant pornography collection, fetish behavior that has interfered with relationship or other areas of interpersonal functioning)…Evidence of significant interpersonal sexual activity (e.g. multiple casual partners, frequent cruising for impersonal sex in bars, sexual activity in bathhouses or other public venues, swinging lifestyle). Self report of high sex drive. …. STABLE 2007 SEX DRIVE AND PREOCCUPATION

 Sex as Coping  The sexual thoughts or behaviors may be either normative or deviant, the but the key is that the offender relies on sex to self-soothe or mitigate unwelcome feelings of tension, anger, hostility or anxiety.  Many non-offenders engage in sexual thoughts and behaviors in response to feelings of boredom or loneliness. This is not problematic in itself. What is problematic is when sex becomes the dominant coping strategy and offenders lack the emotional flexibility to use other strategies should the situation require.

STABLE 2007

0 Offender has no history of using sexual thoughts or behaviors as a coping strategy. Repeatedly experienced significant life stress without resorting to sexual fantasy or behavior…. 1 The offender reports some use of sexual thoughts or behavior to cope when stressed, but the offender is unable to identify other coping strategies (either positive or negative) that he also uses during times of stress. Sexualized coping may have contributed to his offending behavior. 2 Negative emotions, life events, or stressors typically invoke sexual thoughts or behaviors. Although the offender may have other coping strategies, these are rarely used and the main coping strategy is sexual thoughts or behaviors. STABLE 2007 SEX AS COPING

 Sexual Preoccupation

 Acute expression of the STABLE 2007 items Sexual Drive/Preoccupation, Sex as Coping and Deviant Sexual Interests

ACUTE 2007

0 The offender reports no changes to his sexual thoughts, fantasies, or behaviors and no deviant thoughts or fantasies since you last saw him…. 1 There is indirect evidence of, or the assessor is suspicious that, the offender has engaged in deviant sexual fantasies and/or the frequency or intensity of sexual thoughts is increasing……The offender seems to be using sexual behavior/fantasies to cope with negative emotions, but it is not his main coping strategy 2 The offender reports a significant increase in sexual thoughts, fantasies or behaviors, particularly beyond what is normal for his age. 3/IN The offender states that his sexual urges are out of control. ACUTE 2007 SEXUAL PREOCCUPATION

WHAT IS THE POSSIBLE ROLE OF A CSAT?

2014

PRELIMINARY  All Male

DATA  Average age 39.97 (SD= 1.698) PREVIOUSLY  Majority Caucasian PRESENTED  35 total cases reviewed AT SASH

2014  SAST-R

PRELIMINARY  81.8% scored higher 6 or more yes answers on the DATA first 20 items

PREVIOUSLY  Average # of yes PRESENTED answers 9.58 (SD=4.359) AT SASH

2014 PRELIMINARY DATA  HB-19 Scores  61.3% scored 53 or higher on the PREVIOUSLY HB-19 PRESENTED AT SASH

 Primary prevention

 Secondary prevention

CSAT ROLES?

 Pornography addiction

 Chatting/online communication

 Non offending pedophile work

 PREVENT THE PROGRESSION

PRIMARY PREVENTION

 Collaboration with offender therapists

 Screen for sexual addiction

 Provide individual therapy

 Provide recovery work that is not present in traditional offender treatment.

SECONDARY PREVENTION

 Resources

 ATSA www.atsa.com

 GIFR www.gifrinc.com

 Go to conferences

GET SOME TRAINING

READ

 www.sexualaddictiontreatmentservices.com

 www.drjensrecoveryreadings.com

 Youtube – sexual addiction treatment services

 Free webinars

 [email protected]

 CSAT Supervision available

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