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Variability of High Rainfalls and Related Synoptic Situations Causing Heavy Floods at the Northern Foothills of the Tatra Mountains
Theor Appl Climatol DOI 10.1007/s00704-014-1108-0 ORIGINAL PAPER Variability of high rainfalls and related synoptic situations causing heavy floods at the northern foothills of the Tatra Mountains Ta d e u s z N i e d źwiedź & Ewa Łupikasza & Iwona Pińskwar & Zbigniew W.Kundzewicz & Markus Stoffel & Łukasz Małarzewski Received: 28 June 2013 /Accepted: 26 January 2014 # The Author(s) 2014. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract This contribution provides the basics of the clima- et al. 2013) deals with the evaluation of flood hazard and risk tology of the Polish Tatra Mountains in a nutshell, with on the northern foothills of the Tatra Mountains, where con- particular reference to intense precipitation and its relation to siderable potential exists for flood generation. One of the atmospheric circulation. Variability of various precipitation competence clusters on which the project is focused is characteristics, including selected indices of intense precipita- observation-based climatology of climatic extremes (Heino tion in Zakopane and at Kasprowy Wierch, is illustrated in this et al. 1999). One of the topical areas of the FLORIST project paper. None of the trends in these characteristics and indices is the analysis of change in intense precipitation and “wet” calculated for the entire time interval exhibit a statistical weather circulation patterns occurring in the study area. The significance, but short-time fluctuations are evident. The oc- project aims at creating a comprehensive information database currence of intense precipitation in the Tatra Mountains is on past torrential disasters and floods in the northern foothills strongly related to three circulation types. -
Heavy Metals Content in the Soils of the Tatra National Park Near Lake Morskie Oko and Kasprowy Wierch—A Case Study (Tatra Mts, Central Europe)
minerals Article Heavy Metals Content in the Soils of the Tatra National Park Near Lake Morskie Oko and Kasprowy Wierch—A Case Study (Tatra Mts, Central Europe) Joanna Korzeniowska * and Paweł Kr ˛a˙z* Institute of Geography, Pedagogical University of Krakow, 30-084 Krakow, Poland * Correspondence: [email protected] (J.K.); [email protected] (P.K.); Tel.: +48-12-662-62-61 (J.K. & P.K.) Received: 16 November 2020; Accepted: 11 December 2020; Published: 13 December 2020 Abstract: This paper presents the content of selected heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) in the soils of the Tatra National Park (TNP). In order to determine the anthropogenic impact on the environment, the following coefficients were calculated: enrichment factors (EF), geoaccumulation index (Igeo), contamination factor (Cf), degree of contamination (Cd), and modified degree of contamination (mCd). It turned out that in the Kasprowy Wierch and Lake Morskie Oko test areas, the content of metals in the soil decreases with the increasing altitude above sea level. In both regions, the highest concentrations of cadmium and lead were found, for which the coefficients indicated significant environmental pollution. These metals, since they persist in the atmosphere for a long time and have a small particle diameter, can be moved over long distances. Long-range emission contributes to environmental contamination on a global scale. Under the influence of such emissions, even protected areas such as the Tatra National Park, considered to be of natural value, are exposed to the effects of human activities (industry in general, automotive industry in particular). -
The Tatra Mts – Rocks, Landforms, Weathering and Soils Tatry – Skały, Rzeźba, Wietrzenie I Gleby
Geoturystyka 2 (13) 2008: 51-74 The Tatra Mts – rocks, landforms, weathering and soils Tatry – skały, rzeźba, wietrzenie i gleby Marek Drewnik1, Ireneusz Felisiak2, Irena Jerzykowska3 & Janusz Magiera2 1Jagiellonian University, Faculty of Biology and Earth Sciences; ul. Gołębia 24, 31-007 Kraków, Poland. (Institute of Geography and Spatial Management) 2AGH University of Science and Technology; Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environmental Protection; Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland. 3Jagiellonian University, Faculty of Biology and Earth Sciences; ul. Gołębia 24, 31-007 Kraków, Poland. (Institute of Geological Sciences) e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] Chabówka Introduction Nowy Targ The Tatra Mountains are the most prominent, the highest Szczawnica (2,655 m a.s.l.) and presently non-glaciated mountains in the Warszawa Czarny Dunajec Niedzica Central Europe, located approximately halfway between the Baltic Sea and the Adriatic Sea, and between the Atlantic Zakopane Ocean and the Ural Mts. Thus, they occupy a transitional Kraków position between the maritime Western Europe and the con- tinental Eastern European lowland. Field trip leads through the core of the central part of the Tatry Mts: Bystra valley, Kasprowy Wierch Mt, and Sucha Woda valley (Fig. 1). It gives good insight into geological Abstract: The trip gives insight into geology and landforms as well structure, landscape as well as weathering and soil forming as into past and present dynamic geological, geomorphologic and processes. Essential differences between the both main parts soil-forming processes in the central part of Polish Tatra Mts. -
Turystyka 2008
souvenir shops; various types of social events are organized such as concerts, film screenings, sport performances. The Wieliczka Salt Mine is visited annually by approximately million tourists from Poland and rest of the world. TABLE IX. VISITORS TO THE “WIELICZKA” SALT MINE 2000 2005 2007 2008 Specification in thousand TOTAL ................................... 758.2 1028.7 1159.6 1097.5 Domestic ................................ 533.6 452.6 483.9 470.2 Foreign .................................. 224.6 576.1 675.7 627.3 of which from: Great Britain .......................... 15.0 39.0 85.0 87.0 Germany ................................ 30.0 53.7 44.1 43.4 France ................................... 18.3 41.2 40.4 38.0 Korea ..................................... 5.8 27.2 33.7 34.9 Italy ........................................ 13.4 42.2 43.7 34.6 USA ....................................... 38.2 53.4 45.9 32.5 Norway .................................. 10.9 22.6 29.4 29.2 Russia .................................... 2.4 25.3 34.7 27.9 Spain ..................................... 4.1 20.3 25.3 26.2 Hungary ................................. 6.6 22.5 21.2 24.9 N o t e. 10 countries are specified, from which the number of visitors in 2008 was the biggest. 2.2.2. Tatra National Park 5 The Tatra Mountains located in Małopolska are one of the most attractive tourist areas of Poland. It is the only territory in Poland with high mountain character, visited by the large number of domestic and foreign tourists. In order to preserve plants and animals as well as unique landscape, this area is totally protected. The Tatra National Park was created in October 1954. It began its activity on 1st January 1955. -
Regional Action Plan Liberec Region
REGIONAL ACTION PLAN LIBEREC REGION – LOWER SILESIA For improving cross-border passenger rail Final transport Liberec Region - Lower Silesia 11 2018 D.T2.1.2 Page 1 The Trans-Borders project is to make a significant contribution to further development of German-Polish-Czech cooperation in the field of rail passenger transport. In recent years, quantitative, temporal and quality improvement has been noted between Lower Silesia and the Liberec Region, but this process requires continuation as public transport is still not fully competitive with, for example, individual means of transport. Targeted measures within the cross-border project will allow the process that has already started to continue. The development and implementation of a regional action plan aimed at connecting the cross-border region between Lower Silesia and the Liberec Region will contribute to connecting this area with the nearest TEN-T hubs in Wrocław and Praha and will improve not only its communication accessibility but also its attractiveness. The implementation of the regional action plan will support the strategy for sustainable cross-border passenger transport and will correspond to the proposed measures and actions. Page 2 MOTIVATION Linking the peripheral area of Borderland CZ/D/PL to the TEN-T node The neighbouring regions of Lower Silesia and the Liberec Region are located between two corridors of the European railway traffic core network, namely the Orient/East-Med Corridor and the Baltic-Adriatic corridor. For the development of both regions, it is necessary to improve access to the corridors and their respective hubs in Wrocław, Praha and Dresden and between them. -
Jelenia Góra
E3S Web of Conferences 100, 00091 (2019) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf /2019100000 91 EKO-DOK 2019 Concept of reducing harmful emissions by road transport vehicles in the tourist route Karpacz– Jelenia Góra Pawel Zajac1,*, Szymon Haladyn2, and Stanislaw Kwasniowski1 1Wrocław University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland 2Wrocław University of Technology, "Logistics” Students' Scientific Circle functioning at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland Abstract. The research carried out by the "Logistics” Students' Scientific Circle functioning at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering of the Wrocław University of Technology shows that every day, between the communes which cross railway lines 308 and 340, 1911 persons move in circular migrations solely due to occupational activity. Some of them could travel by rail. Eliminating 500 cars a day (i.e. 250 outwards and return travels on the route Kowary/Karpacz–Jelenia Góra) would reduce annual carbon dioxide emissions by approximately 460 tonnes. Further reductions in CO2 emissions in transport can be achieved thanks to the use of railways by tourists, of which - in the area of the communes of Karpacz, Kowary and Mysłakowice, i.e. an area of outstanding recreational valors - there was over 300,000 in 2016 [3]. Rational train running interval was determined and a timetable proposed, taking into account routes leading beyond Jelenia Góra. The paper justifies the need for the introduction of complementary communication provided by electrobuses. The concept of reactivating traffic in this area should be complemented by the construction of a Park&Ride car park. -
Zapraszamy Na Majówkę!
Wszedł w życie nowy harmonogram odbioru odpadów segregowanych. Można go znaleźć w Biuletynie Informacji Publicznej – bip.karpacz.eu KarpaczBiuletyn Rady Miejskiej Karpacza Pismo bezpłatne, ISSN 1428-8206 Zapraszamy na Majówkę! arm d a o Z numer ! 2(16)/2018 Czekają na Was m.in. niezwykła podróż do przeszłości z Rajdem Arado i odkrywanie sekretów karkonoskiej przyrody… Dla najmłodszych – kreatywne warsztaty w Muzeum Zabawek, a dla tych „nieco” starszych premierowa komedia omyłek „JOJO”. Zapraszamy! – Start w dwójkach nam nie wyszedł, Przy ul. Olimpijskiej w Karpaczu za to w czwórkach było pozytywne powstanie Kraina Gier Krajobrazowych Antoni Cyganek zaskoczenie – mówi Mateusz Luty, Gmina zdobyła na ten cel dotację nie żyje. społecznik, olimpijczyk z Pjongczangu strona 3 w wysokości 2,5 mln zł strona 6 samorządowiec, wielki miłośnik Ks. Zenon Stoń, proboszcz parafii NNMP Z okazji 600-lecia miasta jego Karpacza odszedł w Karpaczu, odebrał tytuł Honorowego miłośnicy zapraszają na cykl 15 kwietnia br. Obywatela Miasta wypraw historycznych strona 7 strona 10 strona 2 Pożegnaliśmy Antoniego Cyganka wiceprzewodniczący Rady Miejskiej Karpacza zmarł 15 kwietnia Z głębokim żalem przyjęłam wiado- mość o śmierci Pana Antoniego Cyganka, wiceprzewodniczącego Rady Miejskiej Karpacza, wspaniałego człowieka, spo- łecznika i zasłużonego obywatela miasta. Podczas uroczystości pogrzebo- wych, które odbyły się w dniu 19 kwiet- nia w imieniu Rady Miejskiej Karpacza przypadł mi w udziale smutny obowią- zek pożegnania zmarłego radnego. Sło- wa pożegnania do rodziny i zebranych skierował też Burmistrz Karpacza Rado- sław Jęcka. Antoni Cyganek urodził się 13 lutego 1940 roku w Sułkowicach koło Krakowa. Posługę organisty rozpoczął, jako młodzieniec w parafii Michałów w dekanacie Brzeg, gdzie pracował przez kolejne pięć lat. -
The Selected Factors Influencing Tourism and Recreation Development in the Tatra Mountains
Available online at www.worldscientificnews.com WSN 72 (2017) 637-656 EISSN 2392-2192 The selected factors influencing tourism and recreation development in the Tatra Mountains Piotr Maziarz1,a, Krzysztof Rejman1,b, Cezary A. Kwiatkowski2,c, Damian Majcher2,d 1The Bronislaw Markiewicz State Higher School of Technology and Economics in Jarosław, Poland 2University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland 1-4E-mail address: [email protected], [email protected] , [email protected] , [email protected] ABSTRACT Mountaineering, including the Tatra Mountains tourism, has extremely complex and complicated specifics. In this paper it was made its analysis in the context of the impact of various natural and anthropogenic factors. It was assigned the specific elements of nature to the behavior, actions and plans of tourists, pursuing their passions in the Tatras. The author distinguished both positive and negative environmental influences on tourism. The analysis of the studies allowed foreseeing of the expected changes. Keywords: tourism, recreation, Tatra Mountains, rest 1. INTRODUCTION The Tatra Mountains are a mountain range that form a natural border between Slovakia and Poland. The above mountains are considered to be the areas which are the most important from nature and tourist points of view and thus, have an important significance for the economy. The entire territory of the Tatras has been included to the European Union since 1 May 2004 - the date of joining the European Union by Poland and Slovakia. [Nyka 2005]. World Scientific News 72 (2017) 637-656 The Tatra Mountains occupy an area of 785 square kilometres forming a regular oval range of 51.5 x 15-20 km. -
Poland – Slovakia – Lithuania ***
FMC Travel Club A subsidiary of Federated Mountain Clubs of New Zealand (Inc.) www.fmc.org.nz Club Convenor : John Dobbs Travel Smart Napier Civic Court, Dickens Street, Napier 4110 P : 06 8352222 DD : 06 8340669 E : [email protected] *** Poland – Slovakia – Lithuania *** A unique month in Northern Europe The High Tatras, Medieval towns, Nazi camps amid stunning autumn scenery 15th September to 15th October 2020, 31 days $5995 from Krakow to Warsaw** Trip leaders : Joe and Vicky Nawalaniec Price estimated as at November 2019, so subject to currency fluctuations and unforeseen costs, etc **Price is based on twin sharing, so a solo room supplement would apply (tba) **Any payment by visa or mastercard adds $150 to the final price Viability is subject to a minimum of 8 and maximum of 12 participants PRICE INCLUDES • All accommodation – 30 nights in comfortable hotels on twin shared basis (solo room would attract a supplement) • All transport – our own hired vehicle(s) are determined on final numbers • All breakfasts and 17 dinners (dinners are subject to a final location schedule) • An experienced and knowledgeable Kiwi trip leader and his wife in a supporting role • A unique and comprehensive tour through a stunning part of Europe, payment to FMC PRICE DOES NOT INCLUDE • Travel to Krakow and from Warsaw • Lunches and dinners not otherwise included • Entrance fees to sights, personal incidental expenses or activities outside the itinerary • Travel insurance For many Kiwi trampers, central-east European hiking is off the radar. Throw in some gorgeous old towns, stunning autumnal colours, a bit of stark, sobering WW11 history, some hearty food and drink, and we have the makings of a rather special trip. -
Subregion Jelenia Góra As an Example of Border Region - Case Study Report
Working Paper Series Serie 6 Spaces, Territories and Regions Paper No. 6.03.02.01 Subregion Jelenia Góra as an Example of Border Region - Case Study Report Marek W. Kozak* *Centre for European Regional and Local Studies (EUROREG), University of Warsaw 2014 www.grincoh.eu This paper was funded under the FP7 project “Growth– Innovation – Competitiveness: Fostering Cohesion in Central and Eastern Europe (GRINCOH)” under the Programme SSH.2011.2.2-1: Addressing cohesion challenges in Central and Eastern Europe; Area 8.2.2 Regional, territorial and social cohesion. Project Nr. 290657 Marek W. Kozak, [email protected] Centre for European Regional and Local Studies (EUROREG), University of Warsaw www.euroreg.uw.edu.pl Please cite as: Kozak M.W., (2014), ‘Subregion Jelenia Góra as an Example of Border Region - Case Study Report’, GRINCOH Working Paper Series, Paper No. 6.03.02.01 Subregion Jelenia Góra as an Example of Border Region - Case Study Report1 Abstract Jelenia Góra subregion (NUTS 3) is part of the Dolnośląskie Region and borders on Germany (Saxony) and Czech Republic. Subregion underwent lengthy and difficult restructuring with serious social aftermaths. Jelenia Góra is in relatively best shape (together with border town of Zgorzelec), but the region as a whole is among the least developed in South-Western Poland. It still has significantly developed industrial sector but it is low-tech producing. The region is neither innovative nor competitive, suffers from high unemployment rate, has underdeveloped high schools and R&D institutions. Despite all appreciated support from the EU and national budget, its impact is felt mainly in the quality of live, and not in the desirable structural change of the economy and its modernisation, increased innovation and competitiveness (except for some tourist initiatives). -
The Tatras – Nappes and Landscapes Tatry – Płaszczowiny I Krajobrazy
Geoturystyka 2 (13) 2008: 75-87 The Tatras – nappes and landscapes Tatry – płaszczowiny i krajobrazy Ireneusz Felisiak AGH University of Science and Technology; Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environmental Protection; Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland, e-mail: [email protected] Chabówka porównać papierowe konstrukcje z rzeczywistymi dziełami natury. Zapraszam do lektury i wycieczki w Tatry. Autor. Nowy Targ Słowa kluczowe: płaszczowina, nasunięcie, zapadlisko, półzrąb, Szczawnica Tatry, Karpaty Czarny Dunajec Warszawa Niedzica Introduction Zakopane Kraków The Alpine-type mountain ranges are built of nappes – huge, tabular rock bodies stacked one above the other by tectonic forces during the process of thrusting. Initially, these rock bodies were the successions (series) of sediments laid Abstract: Geological structure of the Tatra Mts is a result down in sedimentary basins, tens of kilometers distant from of long-lasting processes. The key nappes have already been each other. Discovery of nappes proved the shortening of completed some 65 Ma ago. However as a mountain range the Tatras has emerged at the surface only 5 Ma ago, when a piece some fragments of the Earth crust by several hundreds of of continental crust separated from African continent at the kilometers and stimulated the plate tectonics concept. The beginning of Mesozoic era ultimately collided with Europe. Thus, Tatras (Fig. 1) were the second mountain range in the world the crystalline core of the Tatras, which builts also the highest where the nappe structure has been discovered (Maurice crest is a fragment of Africa. This monumental mountains are, Lugeon. Les nappes de recouvrement de la Tatra et l’origine however, not an effect of the overthrusting but they resulted from young, vertical tectonic movements, which are still active and des Klippes des Carpathes. -
Hungary and Poland:" Hungary" Stable Partner in Democracy
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 473 223 SO 034 479 AUTHOR Henderson, Steven M. TITLE Hungary and Poland. "Hungary" Stable Partner in Democracy. Building Partnership for Europe: Poland after a Decade System of Transformation. Fulbright-Hayes Summer Seminars Abroad Program, 2002 (Hungary and Poland). SPONS AGENCY Center for International Education (ED), Washington, DC. PUB DATE 2002-00-00 NOTE 88p. PUB TYPE Guides Classroom Teacher (052) Reports - Descriptive (141) EDRS PRICE EDRS Price MF01/PC04 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Curriculum Development; *Democracy; Economic Factors; Foreign Countries; Higher Education; Learning Activities; Political Issues; *Quality of Life; Summer Programs; Thematic Approach IDENTIFIERS Fulbright Hays Seminars Abroad Program; *Hungary; *Poland; Social Reality; USSR ABSTRACT This curriculum project provides insight into the transformation processes in which the nations of Hungary and Poland have been participating, from approximately 1979-2002. A major focus of the project is to organize a set of information that teachers and students can analyze and understand the Hungarian and Polish quality of life during the Soviet era and after each nation gained its independence. This curriculum compilation includes four sections:(1) ideas about how educators might use excerpts from the project with students as primary source material;(2) answers to a set of questions asked by the Fulbright seminar participant (the author) about politics, economics, and society in Poland and Hungary;(3) detailed lecture notes from each day of the seminar;