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Guide for Identifying Mercury Switches/Thermostats in Common Appliances
Guide for Identifying Mercury Switches/Thermostats in Common Appliances Prepared by: Jim Giordani, Burlington Board of Health, Revised 12/27/00 Contact Todd Dresser for Further information at (781) 270-1956 - 1 - Guide for Identifying Mercury Switches/Thermostats In Common Appliances This reference contains guidance for responding to a mercury spill, and how to recycle mercury bearing products. This document also contains specific recommendations for the following types of products: batteries, fluorescent lights, high intensity discharge lamps (HID) lamps, ballasts, thermostats, switches, float switches, sump pumps, silent light switches, washing machines, tilt switches, freezers, flow meters, manometers, barometers, vacuum gauges, flame sensors on gas appliances, rubber flooring containing mercury, and mercury accumulation in sanitary drains. This reference also contains a general checklist of products found to routinely contain mercury. Mercury is a dangerous element in the environment today. It can cause serious health problems such as neurological and kidney damage. Mercury is found in many products that end up in landfills and incinerators allowing the mercury to re-enter the environment and pollute drinking water and contaminate the food chain. The following information is a helpful guide to identify products that contain mercury switches and thermostats. This guide describes where mercury switches and thermostats are located and how to remove and dispose of these properly. Mercury bearing articles should not be thrown in the trash, and serious care should be taken when dealing with this element. Safe Disposal · Store mercury thermostats and switches in a suitable sturdy, sealed container. A five gallon plastic bucket with a lid may work. · Each container must be labeled "Mercury Thermostats or Switches/Universal Waste." · Be careful to keep the devices from breaking and releasing mercury into the environment. -
Mercury Switch-To-Microswitch Retrofit Kit KA349WE Instructions
Reclosers COOPER POWER Effective October 2015 MN280022EN Supersedes S280-40-10 April 2014 SERIES Mercury switch to microswitch retrofit kit KA349WE installation instructions DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTIES AND LIMITATION OF LIABILITY The information, recommendations, descriptions and safety notations in this document are based on Eaton Corporation’s (“Eaton”) experience and judgment and may not cover all contingencies. If further information is required, an Eaton sales office should be consulted. Sale of the product shown in this literature is subject to the terms and conditions outlined in appropriate Eaton selling policies or other contractual agreement between Eaton and the purchaser. THERE ARE NO UNDERSTANDINGS, AGREEMENTS, WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING WARRANTIES OF FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR MERCHANTABILITY, OTHER THAN THOSE SPECIFICALLY SET OUT IN ANY EXISTING CONTRACT BETWEEN THE PARTIES. ANY SUCH CONTRACT STATES THE ENTIRE OBLIGATION OF EATON. THE CONTENTS OF THIS DOCUMENT SHALL NOT BECOME PART OF OR MODIFY ANY CONTRACT BETWEEN THE PARTIES. In no event will Eaton be responsible to the purchaser or user in contract, in tort (including negligence), strict liability or other-wise for any special, indirect, incidental or consequential damage or loss whatsoever, including but not limited to damage or loss of use of equipment, plant or power system, cost of capital, loss of power, additional expenses in the use of existing power facilities, or claims against the purchaser or user by its customers resulting from the use -
Sensing Products Selection Guide
Sensing Products Selection Guide A guide to selecting the right sensing components for your applications About This Guide This guide provides an overview of magnetic and temperature sensing technologies, key consideration factors, descriptions of technologies Littelfuse offers, and product selection tables. It is designed to help you quickly find a sensing solution appropriate to your application. Topic Page About Littelfuse 1 Introduction to Magnetic Sensing 2-3 Introduction to Temperature Sensing 4-5 Electronic Sensor Applications 6-7 Reed Switches 8-9 Reed Sensors 9-12 Reed Relays 13-14 Hall Effect Sensors 14-15 Magnetic Actuators 16 Leaded Thermistors 17-19 Surface Mount Thermistors 19-20 Power Thermistors 20 Leaded RTDs 21 Digital Temperature Indicators 21 Thermistor Probes and Assemblies 22-25 RTD Probes and Assemblies 25 Specifications, descriptions, and illustrative material in this literature are as accurate as known at the time of publication but are subject to changes without notice. Visit littelfuse.com for more information. ©2020 Littelfuse, Inc. Build with Confidence Using Our Expanding and Customizable Portfolio Supported by Our Design Expertise involves applying reliable and efficient product solutions, innovative Littelfuse: Everywhere, Every Day technologies, and global resources to address technical challenges in Founded in 1927, Littelfuse has become the world’s most respected a variety of applications. Our worldwide network of research teams circuit protection brand with well-established and growing focuses on product development and support, design-in programs, platforms in power control and sensing technologies. Today, we and application testing in our global labs. are a global company, offering a diverse and extensive product portfolio—fuses, semiconductors, polymers, ceramics, relays, Technology Innovation sensors, and more—serving the electronics, automotive, and Littelfuse offers a diverse magnetic and temperature sensor line. -
Pickering 20-525 Manual
Full-service, independent repair center -~ ARTISAN® with experienced engineers and technicians on staff. TECHNOLOGY GROUP ~I We buy your excess, underutilized, and idle equipment along with credit for buybacks and trade-ins. Custom engineering Your definitive source so your equipment works exactly as you specify. for quality pre-owned • Critical and expedited services • Leasing / Rentals/ Demos equipment. • In stock/ Ready-to-ship • !TAR-certified secure asset solutions Expert team I Trust guarantee I 100% satisfaction Artisan Technology Group (217) 352-9330 | [email protected] | artisantg.com All trademarks, brand names, and brands appearing herein are the property o f their respective owners. Find the Pickering 20-525-902-LS1 at our website: Click HERE USER MANUAL pickering Model No. 20-520/20-525 R.F. Matrix Module with Self-Test Designed & Manufactured by:- Pickering Interfaces Limited. Stephenson Road Clacton-on-Sea Essex CO15 4NL England Tel: 01255-428141 +44 1255-428141 (International) Fax: 01255-475058 +44 1255-475058 (International) Internet: www.pickering.co.uk E Mail: [email protected] Issue 2.00 June. 1996 © Copyright (1996) Pickering Interfaces Ltd. All Rights Reserved 20-520/20-525 pickering R.F. SWITCHING MATRIX MODULE 1 HELP!!! If you need assistance with your Pickering Interfaces Switching System: Switching problems, Programming or Integration within your Test System. – Please ring Pickering Interfaces and ask for “Technical Support”. Alternatively you may fax, email or connect to our Internet Web Site. A full set of operating manuals, application notes and software drivers is available on CD ROM. 20-520/20-525 pickering 2 SWITCHING MATRIX MODULE Contents Section 1 High Density Matrix Modules .................................................................................... -
Household Appliance Mercury Switch Removal Manual
HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCE MERCURY SWITCH REMOVAL MANUAL Chest Freezers Sump and Bilge Pump Float Switches Gas Ranges Washing Machines October 2004 Parts of the following document were reproduced from: VERMONT’S HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCE MERCURY SWITCH REMOVAL MANUAL SPRING 2002 Special thanks to the following people and organizations for help in the development of that manual: Gary Winnie of the Chittenden Solid Waste District (CSWD), Gary Hobbs of the Addison County Solid Waste District (ACSWD), The Northeast Kingdom Waste Management District (NEKWMD), The Association of Home Appliance Manufactures (AHAM), Purdue University, and the Vermont Recycling & Hazardous Waste Coordinators Networks. Any questions, comments, corrections or requests for additional copies should be directed to the: Maine Department of Environmental Protection 17 State House Station Augusta, Maine 04333-0017 Attention: Mercury Products Program Division of Solid Waste Management Telephone: (207) 287-2651 This document is available on the Internet at: www.maine.gov/dep/mercury TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1 2.0 HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCE MERCURY REMOVAL 4 2.1 Chest Freezer 4 2.2 Washing Machines 6 2.3 Gas Ranges 8 2.4 Gas Hot-water Heaters 12 2.5 Sump and Bilge Pumps 13 3.0 MERCURY HANDLING, STORAGE AND DISPOSAL 14 3.1 Handling 14 3.2 Storage 14 3.3 Transportation Requirements 17 3.4 Training Requirements 17 3.5 Disposal 17 3.6 Closure 18 4.0 MERCURY SPILL CLEAN-UP 18 REFERENCES APPENDICES APPENDIX A Regulatory Forms and Instructions APPENDIX B Mercury Spill Clean-up Plan and Spill Kit List APPENDIX C Mercury Switch Transporters & Recyclers for Maine 1.0 INTRODUCTION What is mercury? Mercury is a naturally occurring metal. -
How Reed Relays Work Dry Reed Relays Mercury-Wetted Contact
resistance is very low and idea for low level switching How Reed Relays work applications. The item reed relay covers dry reed relays and mercury-wetted contact relays, all of which use hermetically sealed reed switches. In both types, the reeds (thin, flat blades) serve multiple functions – as conductor, contacts, springs, and magnetic armatures. Dry Reed Relays Dry reed relays have become an important factor in the relay field. They have the advantage of being hermetically sealed and resistant to atmospheric contamination. They have fast operate and release times and when operated within their rated contact loads, have very long life. A typical dry reed switch capsule is shown in Figure 1. The disadvantages of this type of reed relay are the freezing point of mercury (-38 ° C), poor resistance to shock and vibration and the need to mount the relay in a near vertical position. These relays are used for a variety of switching applications such as found in computers, business machines, machine tool In the basic SPST-NO design, two opposing blades are sealed control systems, and laboratory instruments. into narrow glass capsule and overlapped at their free ends. The contact area is plated typically with rhodium to produce a low contact resistance when contacts are drawn together. The capsule Contact combinations. is made of glass and filled with a dry inert gas and then sealed. The capsule is surrounded by an electromagnetic coil. When the The switches used in dry reed relays provide SPST-NO, SPST- coil is energized, the normally open contacts are brought NC, SPDT contact combinations. -
Preface About Sunfounder Sunfounder Is a Technology Company Focused on Raspberry Pi and Arduino Open Source Community Development
Preface About SunFounder SunFounder is a technology company focused on Raspberry Pi and Arduino open source community development. Committed to the promotion of open source culture, we strive to bring the fun of electronics making to people all around the world and enable everyone to be a maker. Our products include learning kits, development boards, robots, sensor modules and development tools. In addition to high quality products, SunFounder also offers video tutorials to help you build your own project. If you have interest in open source or making something cool, welcome to join us! Visit www.sunfounder.com for more! About Sensor Kit V1.0 This kit is suitable for SunFounder Uno, SunFounder Mega 2560, SunFounder Duemilanove and SunFounder Nano. All the code in this user manual is compatible with these boards. Our SunFounder board is fully compatible with Arduino board. You can go to our official website www.sunfounder.com to download related code by clicking LEARN -> Get Tutorials. If you have any questions, please send an email to [email protected]. Also welcome to leave a message and share your projects on our FORUM. Note: This kit is different from other kits. All the components in this kit are provided in the form of modules which integrate some necessary components, such as comparator, resistor, and capacitor and so on. Therefore it is convenient for circuit connection. SunFounder Reprint 2.0 Contents Components List ................................................................................................................................. -
Five Signs That It Is Time to Replace the Mercury Based Relays and Switches in Your Industrial Application
• white paper • white paper • white paper • white paper • industry: industrial process heating author: brian bettini Five Signs That it is Time to Replace the Mercury Based Relays and Switches in Your Industrial Application And What to Look for in a Suitable Replacement Summary: Mercury relays have been used in industrial applications for decades, most commonly for power switching. For example, in applications that use process heating, mercury relays are traditionally used to power on and off of electric heaters efficiently. But these kinds of relays are being replaced for several reasons. The latest generation of mercury relay/mercury switch alternatives is safer and more accurate and just as durable. • white paper • white paper • The background: mercury in industry U.S. patents for a mercury-based relay can be found as far back as 1937, and they have been used in industry for decades.1 They were first developed for applications where contact erosion could present a challenge for more conventional relay contacts, or where constant cycling was needed (such as heating operations). Mercury relays have been known to overheat, however, and there have been known cases of relays exploding and sending vaporized mercury into the workspace. This can potentially create a serious environmental and safety issue, not to mention the need for costly clean-up. But even with that risk, and with the EPA and the European Union placing bans on the use of mercury, some manufacturers are still using mercury relays or similar outdated switching devices. Why? Some industrial engineers claim to prefer mercury relays because they believe them to be durable and capable of handling difficult and dirty environments. -
MRL-PRL-History-Book.Pdf
84495 Philips History Book.qxp 8/12/05 11:59 am Page 3 THE MULLARD/PHILIPS RESEARCH LABORATORIES, REDHILL. A SHORT HISTORY 1946 - 2002 John Walling MBE FREng Design and layout Keith Smithers 84495 PHILIPS HISTORY BOOK PAGE 3 84495 Philips History Book.qxp 8/12/05 11:59 am Page 4 Copyright © 2005 Philips Electronics UK Ltd. First published in 2005 Apart from any use permitted under UK copyright law, this publication may only be reproduced, stored, or transmitted, in any form, or by any means, with prior permission in writing to Philips Electronics UK Ltd. Paper used in this publication are from wood grown in sustainable forests, chorine free. Author: John Walling MBE FREng Editors: Terry Doyle PhD, Brian Manley CBE FREng, David Paxman MA Design and layout: Keith Smithers Printed in United Kingdom by: Ruscombe Litho and Digital Printing Ltd Philips Reserach Laboratories Cross Oak Lane, Redhill, Surrey. RH1 5HA 84495 PHILIPS HISTORY BOOK PAGE 4 84495 Philips History Book.qxp 8/12/05 11:59 am Page 5 THE MULLARD/PHILIPS RESEARCH LABORATORIES, REDHILL. A SHORT HISTORY 1946 - 2002 CONTENTS Page FOREWORD by Terry Doyle PhD Director of the Laboratory 9 PREFACE by John Walling MBE FREng 13 CHAPTER ONE EARLY DAYS. 1946 - 1952 17 CHAPTER TWO THE GREAT DAYS BEGIN. 1953 -1956 37 CHAPTER THREE THE GREAT DAYS CONTINUE. 1957 - 1964 55 CHAPTER FOUR A TIME OF CHANGE AND THE END OF AN ERA. 1965 -1969 93 CHAPTER FIVE THE HOSELITZ YEARS.1970 -1976 129 CHAPTER SIX PRL - THE GODDARD ERA. 1976- 1984 157 CHAPTER SEVEN TROUBLED TIMES. -
Magnetic Reed Switch Principals of Operation 8/27/2003 - Michael Mcdonald, General Manager Flair Electronics Inc
Magnetic Reed Switch Principals of Operation 8/27/2003 - Michael McDonald, General Manager Flair Electronics Inc. Types of Reed Switches: The standard FormA Reed Switch is comprised of 2 ferromagnetic blades encapsulated in a glass tube. The glass tube is hermetically sealed with inert gas. The gas prevents any corrosion or oxidation of the switch contacts. The ferromagnetic blades of the reed switch are spaced slightly apart. The blades act as a conduit for the magnetic field. When an external magnetic field is applied to the switch, the blades will be attracted to one another. When the magnetic field strength is greater than the spring force of the blades the blades will contact, creating a physical and electrical connection between the leads. Form A Reed The standard FormC Reed Switch is comprised of 2 ferromagnetic blades with a third non-magnetic blade added to provide for a Normally Closed contact. The ferromagnetic blades of the reed switch are spaced slightly apart, with the third lead in contact with the common lead. When an external magnetic field is applied to the switch, the Common blade will be attracted to the Normally Open (NO) blade. When the magnetic field strength is greater than the spring force of the blade, the blade will contact with the (NO), creating a physical and electrical connection between the leads, while breaking the connection with the Normally Closed blade. Form C Reed How Reed switches work with magnets: Magnets have 2 poles, North & South. The reed switch operates using the potential difference of the magnetic field. If the Reed Switch is surrounded only by a North Pole (N) field the switch will not operate or close. -
North Adams in Context
Mill Town, Factory Town, Cultural Economic Engine: North Adams in Context Kay Oehler Stephen Sheppard Blair Benjamin C3D Report NA1.2006 Copyright 2006 Mill Town, Factory Town, Cultural Economic Engine: North Adams in Context We must examine social context to understand the community effects of a cultural organization. This is especially true for a newcomer to the neighborhood like MASS MoCA. Ethnographic and anecdotal evidence suggest that the most important signs of community development impact are at the neighborhood level. The social context of the community and the organization, and their relationship to one another, are what concerns us in this report. Drawing upon newspaper articles, local ethnographic sources, and Census and other town data we will provide a background on the development of the Massachusetts Museum of Contemporary Art (MASS MoCA), how it came to exist, why it exists in North Adams, the cultural history of North Adams, and a brief economic history of North Adams. The study of North Adams is a first step in developing a template by which we can study and compare neighborhood regeneration through the introduction of a new cultural arts organization. Through a series of reports we will present a variety of perspectives – historical, anthropological, economic, and sociological – to analyze and discuss the results of North Adams’ attempt to regenerate itself by collaborating with the development of a major new cultural arts organization, MASS MoCA. The tools we develop throughout this project are replicable yet flexible enough to allow for comparable studies in a variety of neighborhoods and communities. The geographic location of North Adams has shaped its history Stephen Sheppard 2004 We will see that North Adams, while economically and socially troubled in the 1980s, has a rich social history. -
Vishay Intertechnology Annual Report 2020
Vishay Intertechnology Annual Report 2020 Form 10-K (NYSE:VSH) Published: February 14th, 2020 PDF generated by stocklight.com UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-K ☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 or ☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from _______ to _______ Commission file number 1-7416 Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) Delaware 38-1686453 (State or other jurisdiction of (IRS employer identification no.) incorporation or organization) 63 Lancaster Avenue Malvern, Pennsylvania 19355-2143 (Address of principal executive offices) (610) 644-1300 (Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Title of each class Trading symbol Name of exchange on which registered Common Stock, par value $0.10 per share VSH New York Stock Exchange LLC Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☒ No ◻ Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ◻ No ☒ Note – Checking the box above will not relieve any registrant required to file reports under Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act from their obligations under those Sections.