R E V I E W a Joint Publication of the Margaret Chase Smith Policy Center and the Margaret Chase Smith Library Maine Policy R E V I E W
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Winter 2007 · Vol. 16, No. 2· $14 MAINE POLICY REVIEW A Joint Publication of the Margaret Chase Smith Policy Center and the Margaret Chase Smith Library MAINE POLICY REVIEW View current & previous issues of MPR at: www.umaine.edu/mcsc/mpr.htm Volume 16, Number 2 · MAINE POLICY REVIEW · 1 EDITORIAL BOARD & STAFF PUBLISHERS EdITORIAL BOARD MARGARET CHASE SMITH POLICY CENTER ROBIN ALDEN DON NICOLL Glenn Beamer, Director Stonington, ME Nicoll & Associates SANdfORD BLITZ CHRISTOPHER “KIT” ST. JOHN MARGARET CHASE SMITH LIBRARY EMESBEE Associates Maine Center for Economic Policy Greg Gallant, Director DAVID BOULTER VAUGHN STINSON The Legislative Council, Maine State Legislature Maine Tourism Association EDITORIAL STAFF BRUCE CLARY MIKE TRAINOR Edmund S. Muskie School of Public Service, USM Eaton, Peabody, Bradford & Veague EdITOR Kathryn Hunt NANCY GRAPE JERRY WHALEN Margaret Chase Smith Policy Center Maine Sunday Telegram Eastern Maine Healthcare MANAGING EdITOR WALTER HARRIS WENDY WOLF Ann Acheson College of Education, UM Maine Health Access Foundation Margaret Chase Smith Policy Center JAMES HENDERSON ASSISTANT MANAGING EdITOR Maine State Archives Barbara Harrity LLOYD IRLAND Margaret Chase Smith Policy Center The Irland Group PRODUCTION MEREDITH JONES Beth Goodnight Maine Commmunity Foundation Goodnight Design MARGE KILKELLY CIRCULATION Council of State Governments Serena Bemis-Goodall Margaret Chase Smith Policy Center JULIUS KREVANS WEB SITE MAINTENANCE Bar Harbor, ME Sharon LaBrie LAURIE LACHANCE Margaret Chase Smith Policy Center Maine Development Foundation DEVELOpmENT CHRIS LOckwOOD Eva McLaughlin Maine Municipal Association Margaret Chase Smith Policy Center Ed McLAUGHLIN COVER ILLUSTRATION Maine Economic Research Institute Robert Shetterly PETER MILLS PRINTING Wright & Mills J. S. McCarthy Printers Maine Policy Review (ISSN 1064-2587) publishes independent analyses of public policy issues revelant to Maine. The journal is published two to three times per year by the Margaret Chase Smith Policy Center at the University of Maine and the Margaret Chase Smith Library in Skowhegan. The material published within does not neces- sarily reflect the views of the Margaret Chase Smith Library or University of Maine. The majority of articles appearing in Maine Policy Review are written by Maine citizens, many of whom are readers of the journal. The journal encourages the submission of manuscripts concerning relevant public policy issues of the day or in response to articles already published in the journal. Prospective authors are urged to contact the journal at the address below for a copy of the guidelines for submission or see our Web site. For reprints of Maine Policy Review articles or for permission to quote and/or otherwise reproduce, please contact the journal at the address below. The editorial staff of Maine Policy Review welcome your views about issues presented in this journal. Please address your letter to the editor to: Maine Policy Review • 5784 York Complex, Bldg. #4 • University of Maine • Orono, ME 04469-5784 207-581-1567 • fax: 207-581-1266 http://www.umaine.edu/mcsc/mpr.htm 2 · MAINE POLICY REVIEW · Winter 2007 View current & previous issues of MPR at: www.umaine.edu/mcsc/mpr.htm THANKS TO … Major Sponsors Margaret Chase Smith Library Open Space Institute University of Maine Office of Research Patron Maine Community Foundation Benefactor Maine Turnpike Authority Donor Anthem Blue Cross and Blue Shield Contributors Sen. Philip Bartlett William T. Knowles Packard Development, LLC Eve M. Bither Maine Association of Community Banks Penquis C.A.P., Inc. Sanford and Mona Blitz Maine Department of Solutions Consulting Group, LLC Elizabeth Bryden Environmental Protection Norcross Teel, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. William V. Ferdinand Maine Development Foundation Tom Tietenberg H. Allen and Sally Fernald Marjorie and William Medd, MD Jerry and Cindi Whalen John and Carol Gregory Janet E. Michael, RN, MS, JD Bob and Anne Woodbury Merton G. Henry Peter Mills and Anonymous Contributors Roger and Birdie Katz Leonard E. Minsky Friends Joan W. Arnold Michael R. Crowley Eliza and Patrick Mathias Cheryl Lee Rust Phyllis Bailey and Kevin Connors Maroulla S. Gleaton Phillip McCarthy Elizabeth and Michael Saxl Madge Baker Marge Kilkelly Todd A. Nicholson Town of Naples Sandra Butler Libby Memorial Library Don and Hilda Nicoll David Vail Emily Ann Cain and Lincoln Paper and Tissue, LLC Craig and Melissa Olson Thomas R. Watson, PA Daniel B. Williams John H. and M. Jean Lynch Rep. Anne Perry Basil Wentworth Alan Cardinal and Sylvia Most Maine Association Terry and Dorothy Rankine Lorna M. White and Mary R. Cathcart of Health Plans Ala Reid Christopher J. Spruce Center for Workforce Maine School Management Douglas Rooks Dick and Debbie Woodbury Research and Information/ Association and Anonymous Friends Maine Dept of Labor Sharon L. Rosen Volume Sixteen of Maine Policy Review is funded, in part, by the supporters listed above. Contributions to Maine Policy Review can be directed to the Margaret Chase Smith Foundation, 10 Free Street, P.O. Box 4510, Portland, ME 04112. Information regarding corporate, foundation, or individual support is available by contacting the Foundation. View current & previous issues of MPR at: www.umaine.edu/mcsc/mpr.htm Volume 16, Number 2 · MAINE POLICY REVIEW · FOrums MAINE’S FORESTS AND FORESTLAND Forging a Common Vision for Maine’s North Woods Robert Lilieholm takes stock of the challenges and opportunities facing Maine’s North Woods in the context of changing ownership patterns and development pressures. He suggests that a broader, regional vision for the North Woods might better serve the long-term interests of the area’s forests and its struggling communities. Robert J. Lilieholm . 12 Are the Economics of a Sustainable Maine Forest Sustainable? Mike LeVert, Charles Colgan, and Charles Lawton discuss the transfor- mation of the economic environment of Maine’s forests and forestland over the past two decades. They note that we need to develop manage- ment policies to address these changes if Maine’s forests are to be kept as forests. Mike LeVert, Charles S. Colgan, and Charles Lawton . 26 Seeing the Forest for the Trees: The Future of Timber Investing in the North Woods, A Conversation with Clark S. Binkley In this conversation with Peter Howell, Clark Binkley draws on his TO OUR READERS . 6 long-term experience as a timberland investment manager to give his analysis of and forecast for timber markets and timber investing in the Northern Forest. THE MARGARET Peter Howell . 8 CHASE SmITH ESSAY Houses in the Woods: The Maine Woods: Lessons from the Plum Creek Concept Plan Kathleen Bell examines changes in the economics of rural land use A Legacy of Controversy in Maine. Public debate over Plum Creek’s proposal for development Richard W. Judd . 8 in the Moosehead region reminds us that we need to increase our understanding of the interactions between residential growth pressures, changing landownership patterns, and new expectations for Maine’s forestlands. Kathleen P. Bell . 44 4 · MAINE POLICY REVIEW · Winter 2007 View current & previous issues of MPR at: www.umaine.edu/mcsc/mpr.htm TABLE OF CONTENTS CONSERVATION LAND USE REGULATION COMMISSION Plum Creek’s proposed Moosehead Lake Concept Plan has brought From Diamond International to Plum Creek: Maine’s Land Use Regulation Commission (LURC) into the spotlight. The Era of Large Landscape Conservation Jerry Bley presents the history of this unique agency, the lands under its jurisdiction, how it has managed development, and what may lie in the Northern Forest ahead. In his commentary, Mark W. Anderson notes the need to recog- The last two decades have seen dramatic growth in conservation lands nize the strengths and limits inherent in what LURC does, while Mark in the Northern Forest, stretching from upstate New York through Lapping’s commentary outlines his view that LURC’s mandate ought to Maine. Sara Clark and Peter Howell discuss how Maine has been a be altered and enlarged. laboratory for some of the largest and most innovative land transactions in the region. LURC’s Challenge: Managing Growth Sara A. Clark and Peter Howell . 56 in Maine’s Unorganized Territories The Importance of Maine for Ecoregional Jerry Bley . 92 Conservation Planning COmmENTARIES Ecoregional conservation planning aims at protecting biodiversity within a realistic social and economic framework. The authors note LURC and First Principles of Land that Maine’s large, contiguous, undeveloped and unfragmented forests Use Regulation are the core of the Northern Appalachian/Acadian ecoregion. Compared to its neighbors, Maine has the largest proportion of unpro- Mark W. Anderson . 101 tected forest, which should be considered in an ecoregional conservation perspective. Wanted: A Maine Woods Dialogue Robert F. Baldwin, Stephen C. Trombulak, Mark B. Lapping . 102 Karen Beazley, Conrad Reining, Gillian Woolmer, John R. Nordgren, and Mark Anderson . 66 Alternative Large-Scale Conservation Visions TOURISM for Northern Maine: Interviews with Decision Can Maine’s North Woods be a “world-class” tourist destination? Leaders in Maine The short answer is “not yet,” according to David Vail in his article Based on confidential interviews with 21 decision leaders in Maine, and Roger Milliken and Ann Czerwonka in their commentaries. The Elizabeth Baldwin, Laura Kenefic, and Will LaPage examine the current mix of natural, cultural, and hospitality assets is not sufficiently complexity of the conflicts over visions for large-scale conservation unique, outstanding, or networked to draw large numbers of new visi- in Maine. They present four alternatives: national forests, new U.S. tors. Vail, Milliken, and the participants in Czerwonka’s roundtable forest service models, forest heritage areas, and the British national discussion offer some specific suggestions and examples of how Maine park model. could develop world-class tourism for the North Woods. Elizabeth Dennis Baldwin, Laura S. Kenefic, Tourism Strategy for Maine’s North Woods: and Will F. LaPage . 78 Creating and Branding a World-Class Destination David Vail . 104 COmmENTARY Adding a New Leg to the Economic Stool in Maine’s North Woods Roger Milliken Jr.