ABSTRACT OF ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT 2010

Novara Plant Contents

The economic context of reference: the Chairman’s 2010 letter 2 Energy consumption 20 01 Introduction 4 Water consumption 21 02 General information 5 Consumption of auxiliary materials 24 The MEMC Electronic Materials Inc. group 5 Emissions into the atmosphere 29 Novara site 6 Waste and fl uid drainage 32 Silicon and its applications 7 Waste 34 03 A look at the history 8 Ground contamination 36 MEMC’s commitment to environmental protection 8 PCBs 36 04 Geographical position and environmental background 10 Ozone depleting substances 38 Surface Water Environment 11 Outside noise 38 05 Environmental Policy 12 Signifi cance of indirect environmental aspects 39 06 The organisational structure 13 11 Environmental Improvement Actions 07 The Environmental Management System 14 “The environmental program” 41 08 Description of the activities 15 Summary of 2010 environmental program 41 09 Legislative framework 16 2011 - 2014 Environmental program 45 10 Quantifi cation of the Environmental Aspects 17 Production 19

1 The economic context of reference the Chairman’s 2010 letter

The global situation is one Second World War, as one of the Photovoltaics Thus, the prices of the whole sup- that is marked by uncertainty most solid on the planet, but now Although still held back by high ply chain of solar photovoltaics do Today, the world’s economy, appears to be weak and almost investment costs (which are only not rise signifi cantly, as would be which was already in serious dif- impotent before the extremely se- partially compensated by the high useful to ensure an acceptable fi culty following the economic and rious energy shortage that seems economic incentives, which, for a level of return on investments, fi nancial crisis in 2009, appears to be undermining its very foun- certain time, were made available and, with them, the self-support to be even more vulnerable be- dations in a way that is diffi cult to to companies operating in the of the whole sector. This last con- cause of the inadequacy of the put right. sector by numerous national gov- dition is itself essential to ensure energy policies of countries that ernments) solar photovoltaics has there are always new resources have the highest rates of growth. At this delicate time in history, the still made some headway. The for scientifi c research in the fi eld international community (which continuous increase in production of clean energies, and to encour- The scarcity of fossil resources has, hitherto, been unable to capacity, particularly in Asia and age a harmonious development (which is made worse by the sud- identify practicable, common and China, keep the global demand of photovoltaics itself and of the den rise in demand from emerg- effective solutions to the prob- for raw materials (silicon), of inter- other renewable energy sources, ing countries, by tensions in lems of the high levels of air and mediate (solar cells), and fi nished within a “virtuous circle” of con- countries in the Middle East and, soil pollution caused by the inten- products (panels) below supply, nected events, which, however, more recently, by the crisis that sive use of fossil fuels, and to that although there are no signs of it has diffi culty in getting started. has struck several areas of North of how to manage the radioactive dying down. Africa) is made even more critical waste that has built up in about fi f- by the lack of real alternatives to ty years of atomic energy produc- oil and natural gas in the sector tion) must deal, as a priority, with of clean and renewable energies. what is the most serious problem As for the nuclear option, the dis- to resolve, to guarantee prosper- astrous earthquake on 11 March ity for future generations, namely, 2011 in Japan revealed the dan- identifying a truly eco-compatible gers and fragility of an option that global energy policy, that is, one was already heavily contested that, in the short term, combines in numerous areas in the inter- the needs for energy for industrial national scientifi c community; in and civil use, with the need for this respect, the Japanese econ- long-term safety, health and live- omy is a good example of how, ability, which only a greater use thanks to the intensive adoption of clean and renewable energy of nuclear energy, it became pro- sources seems able to guaran- gressively established, after the tee.

2 The role of MEMC For the environment, A company culture that environmental objectives. This is Given this context, which was al- and in the environment supports the environment all thanks also to the company’s ready uncertain during the boom In the meantime, MEMC, who he conviction that a style of man- active participation in EU-funded years of solar photovoltaics, and have been involved, for over fi fty agement that is directed at sus- territorial initiatives in research which is today made particularly years, in the production of wafers tainable growth is an indispensa- applied to defending the environ- diffi cult by recent environmental for the manufacture of electronic ble condition in order to guarantee ment (Innovation Park for Sus- emergencies and by the worsen- devices (microprocessors, mem- the company a long-term future, tainable Chemistry). ing of the political situation in the ories and numerous other types encourages the adoption, in Middle East and in North Africa, of integrated circuit), have been MEMC, of technological and op- The key instruments that support MEMC Electronic Materials has able to align their skills, their proc- erating choices that continually MEMC’s objectives in defending continued to invest, without slow- esses and, in the fi nal analysis, reduce the environmental impact the environment are: ing down, in the photovoltaics their portfolio-products with the of production processes, by low- the management system, sector, in line with its strategy of requirements of the semiconduc- ering specifi c energy consump- which is applied in all operating enhancing the production capac- tor market, by becoming increas- tion, reducing non-recyclable sectors; ity of polycrystalline silicon. At ingly sensitive to the themes of waste and emissions into the the provision of information the same time, MEMC continues, reducing energy consumption: environment, and containing the and training, and involvement with renewed commitment, in its microprocessors redesigned to consumption of limited resources, of the whole of the company’s research to develop production be increasingly less “energy-con- above all, groundwater. workforce; processes alternative to the cur- suming”; new applications that the publicising of activities and rent technology, which today is satisfy the demands of the con- Projects to develop new produc- results to potential stake- applied, with few variations, by sumer, but at increasingly con- tion technologies and, on a daily holders: the local community, almost all of the world’s produc- tained environmental costs (one basis, the work of continually im- clients and suppliers. ers of silicon for photovoltaic ap- example is the case of light emit- proving existing processes, by plications. ting diodes, LEDs, which, also by means of specifi c activities that using silicon as a passive sub- assess any environmental im- strate, will soon bring about the pact, and that conserve energy disappearance of the traditional, and the most critical natural re- extremely energy costly, incan- sources continue to help sig- descent bulbs). nifi cantly in achieving MEMC’s

3 01 Introduction MEMC’s Novara site has opera- with subsequent modifi cations improvement programs at the the local community and public ted a UNI EN ISO 14001-certi- and integrations introduced with disposal of interested parties by bodies, not to mention surroun- fi ed Environmental Management the updating of Regulation EC means of an Environmental De- ding companies and any compa- System since 1999, and, since 1221/2009. claration validated by an auditor. nies operating within the site itself. 2002, has been on the EMAS Re- In compliance with EMAS re- The Environmental Declaration The information contained in this gister of European organizations gulations, every year MEMC of is a communication tool that ce- document was updated on 31 De- that participate in the EMAS sche- Novara places information rela- ments MEMC’s desire to operate cember 2010. me (Regulation EC 761/2001) ted to the company, the results with the greatest transparency (registration number I-000123), obtained and its environmental with regards to their personnel,

4 02 General information The MEMC Electronic Fig.1 - Sites throughout the world Materials Inc. group Portland, St.Peters, Missouri Merano, Hsinchu, Cheonan, Utsunomiya, MEMC Electronic Materials is an Oregon Head quarter Italia Taiwan Korea Japan international group producing ultra-pure silicon, operating in the fi eld of microelectronics and, since 2004, solar photo- voltaics. The head offi ce of the multinational group can be found in St. Peters, Missouri (USA). There are a total of 12 productive sites throughout the world. These are situated in America, Asia and Europe and they cover the whole globe with their commercial net. Productively MEMC is represent- ed in Europe by MEMC Electronic Materials S.p.A. with the sites at Merano and Novara. The last of these is the European head offi ce and is also the object of this envi- ronmental statement.

Sherman, Pasadena, Novara, Ipoh, Kuala Lumpur, Kuching, Texas Texas Italia Malaysia Malaysia Malaysia

Manufacturing Sales and Support Offi ces SunEdison Toronto, Canada St. Thomas, Virgin Islands Facilities St.Peters, Missouri Santa Chiara, California Prescott, Arizona Chennai, India Sherman, Texas Sacramento, California Seoul, Sud Korea Parts, Francia San Clemente, California Dubai, U.A.E. Novara, Italia San Francisco, California Parigi, Francia Singapore Denver, Colorado Lecce, Italia Shanghai, Cina Beltsville, Maryland Milano, Italia Hsinchu, Taiwan Pensduken, New Jersey Barcellona, Spagna Seoul, Sud Korea Portland, Oregon Madrid, Spagna Tokyo, Giappone San Juan, Puerto Rico

5 Novara site CERTIFICATES Recoverable waste storage According to international Waste storage MEMC Electronic Materials standards Exhaust drums and S.p.A Novara site bottles cleaning point Viale Gherzi 31, 28100 Novara Storage fl ammable chemicals QUALITY SYSTEM: Ex M.T. building Around 2.5 km north east of the ISO 9002 in 1991 Trigeneration plant Deionized water facility town centre ISO 9001 in 1994 Internet site: www.memc.com QS 9000 in 1999 E-mail: [email protected] ISO 9001:2000 in 2003 ISO TS16949 in 2003 Storage cylinder stockage Total surface area: outside contract 2 Total surface area 79.385 m Chemical storage Wastewater 2 ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEM: Covered area 16.200 m facility Outside contractor area Area of the car park 10.800 m2 ISO 14001 IN 1999 EMAS in 2002 Sawing, lapping Annual underscore of the society and polishing departments in 2007 were 276 million euro. HEALTH AND SAFETY Acid emission stack Canteen 712 SYSTEM: Number of employees: Bunker HCL Wiresaw department OHSAS 18001 in 2007 NACE code: Storages 20.13 - Production of other Offi ces (As at 31/12/2010) CVD ed EPI chemical products with an inor- departdepartmentsments ganic base SSpeciali llb gas bunkerk ISTAT(ATECOFIN) activity code: Viale Gherzi 20.13.09 - Production of other chemical products with an inor- Parking ganic base

Maintenance Guardhouse Infi rmary Entrance

6 Silicon and its Microelectronic-solar silicon fl ow chart applications Silicon is a chemical element that is a semi-conductor in its crystal- line form; as such it fi nds applica- IC chip tion in the microelectronics industry, as a base on which to create integrated circuits (chips), that is to say those electric devic- ning es that, by processing and/ fi Re or storing data, are fundamental Deposition Addition of Boron, Arsenic Phosphorus or Silica Metallic Polycrystalline Singlecrystalline Singlecrystalline for the correct operation of all of Mine Trichlorosilane stone Silica Silicon Silicon Water the electronic equipment used in industry and our daily lives. Crystalline silicon is also increas- ingly used in the fi eld of solar Melting Slicing Solar cell photovoltaics to produce pho- tovoltaic cells capable of trans- forming solar energy into electric power. However, although silicon is the second most abundant ele- ment available on our planet af- ter oxygen, in nature it is always Solar cell module bound with other elements: in quartz for example, in which it is bound with oxygen, or in silicate Semiconductor Polycrystalline silicon Singlecrystalline silicon minerals in which it is bound with applications solar products solar products various elements (magnesium, aluminium, sodium and many oth- ers).Silicon can only be obtained by means of industrial proc- esses as described in the fl ow charts here beside.

7 03 A look at the history A look at the history MEMC’s commitment to 1998 reduction of specifi c energy The joint venture between environmental protection and water consumption and these companies was formed The construction of the MEMC site reduction in the amount of in 1994. was started in 1976. In the follow- Environmental protection activities waste produced, as well as 2005 soundproofi ng of fan vents ing years the site grew at Novara have been an important commit- curbing polluting emissions to located on the south side of with the construction of new of- ment for MEMC for some time now the atmosphere and in surface the plant; fi ces and productive departments. and the company has completed water TPG Wafer Holdings LLC, October 2001, the group E.ON Ag various environmental improve- 1999 awarded ISO 14001 certifi ca- completes the sale(s) of sold the ownership to a new major ment projects over the last two dec- tion for the Environmental 85,000,000 shares of common shareholder, an American investment ades, as described here beside: Management System stock. TPG’s benefi cial owner company called Texas Pacifi c Group. 1990 elimination of ozone depleting 2002 registration on the EMAS ship of the company’s com- substances register; mon stock is reduced from 1993 aquifer monitoring and decon- TPG converts preferred stock 63% to approximately 25%. tamination to common stock, increasing 2006 an external company special- 1995 monitoring and decontamina- its ownership in MEMC to 90%. ised in the energy industry tion of acquired areas with 2004 MEMC Inc. acquires remain- starts and completes the con- ground contaminated by past ing 55 percent of Taisil Elec- struction of a trigeneration processes tronic Materials Corporation plant on a piece of ground 1996 creation of own waste treat- (TEM) from China Steel, Chiao located behind the factory, ment plant and expansion of Tung Bank and the China providing almost all of the acid fumes abatement plant, Development Industrial Bank. energy needed to meet the completed in 2000 factory’s energy requirements.

8 2007-2010 on energy consumption. In to reduce waste, where pos- Since 2007, the trigeneration accordance with the environ- sible, and to maximise the per- plant has been operating at full mental programs, the new centage of recovered waste; capacity, thanks to three natu- cooling plants and new com- see, for example, the almost ral gas-fuelled motors, which pressors have been installed, complete recovery of mud af- produce all of the factory’s in order to reduce energy con- ter sewage treatment. electricity requirement and ap- sumption by improving their Last, but no less important, ac- proximately 2/3 of the steam performance. tions have been implemented and frigories used to produce When it comes to water con- to reduce the consumption of cold water; as a result, energy sumption, a number of activi- auxiliary materials. For exam- effi ciency has improved, and ties in the environmental pro- ple, in the completion phase, at the same time, carbon diox- grams of the last three years the action that allowed using ide emissions into the atmos- have identifi ed, and made, diamond wire in the cutting phere have decreased signifi - process and system changes department considerably re- cantly. Since 2009, almost all that reduce the use, or in- duced the use of the abrasive. of the steam (over 90%) has crease the recovery, of proc- been supplied by the trigen- ess water for activities sec- eration plant. ondary to production. Novara trigeneration plant In the last three years, great- When it comes to waste man- er attention has been paid to agement, the aim of imple- the macro areas that serve menting the planned Environ- production, and their impact mental Program actions was

9 04 Geographical position and environmental context Novara can be found in the north Regionon ofof east part of the region of Piemon- Piemonteonte te. Novara contains about 105.024 inhabitants at 31/12/2010. The site is situated in the zone of St.Agabio, which is characterized Province of Novara by a mixture of industrial activity and residential homes, according to the census it’s the most popu- lated with 12.877 inhabitants with a likelihood of rising. Novara The site is situated within a large chemical business park, where there are several companies, with a variety of productions, that were built on areas once occupied by the Montecatini factories.

Italy

10 Surface Water west, the Agogna River; the town LLagoago River itself lies within the drainage basin MMaggioreaggiore Environment Agogna Torrent The land surrounding the town is of East Sesia. Terdoppio N.se LLittleittle streamstream rich in water resources, the lar- This basin is made up of artifi cial gest of which are Lake Maggiore canals, which were produced for (the second largest lake in Italy, irrigation purposes by Cavour, and Ticino Sesia Strona in terms of area) and Lake Orta, of a number of streams, including the Terdoppio, which is of interest which are 40 and 50 km respecti- Terdoppio-Cerana vely to the north of the town. to the factory, as it passes close by and is the body of water that To the east of Novara lies the Re- NNOVARAOVARA receives the sewage from the fac- SSenella gional Park, which protects the e MMoro Arbognon o tory itself. e r Ticino River system, and to the l o la

RRobbioobbio VVigevanoigevano VVERCELLIERCELLI Erbognone PPaviaavia MMortaraortara GGarlascoarlasco Terdoppio Agogna Lom

PO PO

11 Environmental 05 Policy MEMC’s Health, Safety and En- vironmental Policy consists of all of the objectives pursued by the company to protect the environ- ment and the health and safety of their personnel and the popu- lation. The Policy is defi ned and signed by the managers of all of the company’s operational areas, thereby highlighting their full sup- port and involvement. It was updated in 2006 in order to: include the new marketing area into which MEMC had en- tered (solar - photovoltaic) and underline the importance of the management of emergency si- tuations, clarifying the company’s commitment to the development and observance of the safety ma- nagement system in greater de- tail (in view of the OHSAS18001 certifi cation) and a new update document was issued in 2007 to add the signature of MEMC SpA’s new human resources manager. During 2010, the need emerged to update the policy to include the signature of the head of the area of logistical warehouse manage- ment, and of the new supplies head. This change was offi cially approved during the manage- ment review in the early months of 2011.

12 06 The organisational structure MEMC S.p.A.’s organisational compliance with company proce- objectives concerning production designed to support a generation structure (Merano and Novara dures and laws in force concern- and punctual delivery times are of new “know how”. Some of the sites) is shown in the following il- ing environmental protection and met. Technological development technical specialists also act as a lustration. safety in the workplace. of the production processes, technical interface with produc- There are six manufacturing units “Supply Chain” is the sole depart- maintenance engineering, plant tion departments with the aim of - three in Merano (Polycrystal, ment responsible for supervis- engineering planning, the Quality bringing technological develop- Single Crystal CZ and CZ Serv- ing all production planning and System including the laborato- ment production specifi c market ices) and three in Novara respon- progress activities for both sites, ries, the IT Systems and Indus- The Sales, Accounts and Control sible for achieving the operational as well as packing and dispatch trial Engineering are managed by departments of the sites, their objectives in terms of quality, of the fi nished product, with the the “Innovation” department by own Resources and Environmen- cost, output and productivity in aim of ensuring that company means of development projects tal Protection.

ADMIN. INNOVATION MERANO PRODUCTION NOVARA MATERIALS & Proc./Product H.R. PLANT (O.T. & Maintenance) PLANT FINANCE Dev. & Systems

Process Mfg POLYCRYSTAL Equipment Facilities Products Science

SINGLE CRISTAL CZ Process Development projects

CZ SERVICES Process Development projects DEVELOPMENTVELOPMVELOPM PROCESSPROCEPROCE Process Development projects MODS CVD Process Development projects SCHEDULING SUPPLY CHAIN SUPPLY (bill of materials) POLISHING CLEANING Process Development projects

EPITAXY Process Development projects

PURCHASING, MATERIALS & SPARES PURCHASING, MATERIALS Quality Information Technology PRODUCTION PROCESS

13 06 The Environmental Management System Within the scope of the above or- ganisational structure, a manage- Health, Safety and Environmental Protection Structure ment committee - the EHS Stee- ring Committee - has been set up ESH Steering Committee ESH Committee to deal with the annual planning President MEMC SpA Plant Director of environmental protection and Novara and Merano plant Technical Offi ce Manager health and safety activities for Directors Plant Facilities Manager both of the sites. Innovation group Director Waste Water Facility Manager Management To manage and coordinate such Human Resources Quality Manager and Training Director Representative for activities at factory level, the EHS Environmental Storage Manager Purchase Offi ce Director Steering Committee avails itself of Protection Maintenance Manager an operating committee known as Operational Technology the EHS Committee, composed Managers of the managers of departments ESH Engineer that have the highest impact on Production area Manager the environment.

The management model adopted Plan Ciclo di Deming by MEMC for protection of the en- plan the improvement vironment is that commonly known Do as PDCA, otherwise known as the Plan Do implement that planned “Deming Cycle”, which consists of What to do? To do as the repetition over time of the fol- Check How to do? planned lowing four management stages: check that which is being implemented

Act assess that implemented in order Act Check to strengthen or review the lines Can we do it Done? of direction undertaken. better?

14 08 Description of the activities In the following fl ow chart the Mono Crystal Silicon Bar productive cycle of the site is (MEMC Merano) described.

Wire-saw

Solar Silicon cleaning Lapping Chemical Vapour Deposition

Polishing

Cleaning

Epitaxy

Wafers

Customer Solar Fotovoltaic Customer

15 09 Legislative framework Conformity to the environmental EXHAUST PIPED INTO THE ATMOSPHERE legislation is ensured by con- tinually updating the new laws, Exhaust released into the atmosphere and by assessing the changes to Civil sewage discharged into the public drainage system processes or activities carried out Industrial sewage discharged into surface waters in the company, which is done by Water consumption the PAS responsible. Waste Here below, are the main areas Energy consumption that have legal requirements, into Noise which MEMC’s activities fall: Ozone-depleting substances Asbestos Soil contamination PCBs Traffi c Chemical substances Signifi cant accident risk

16 10 Quantifi cation of the Environmental Aspects Beside is a table that summarises DIRECT ENVIRONMENTAL Normal Emergency Past Programmed Abnormal the levels of signifi cance, for the ASPECTS conditions conditions conditions conditions conditions year 2010, of the environmental 2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011 2011 impacts associated with the direct Raw material consumption ✖ ✖ environmental aspects, which are Electrical energy, steam and natural gas consumption ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ managed directly by the organi- Oil and combustible consumption ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ sation of the factory. Auxiliary materials consumption for production ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ Table 1 shows the levels for nor- Auxiliary materials consumption for controls ✖ ✖ mal running conditions, under Auxiliary materials consumption for facilities ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ previous and programmed con- ditions. Since 2010, the environ- Auxiliary materials consumption for mtz, services ✖ ✖ ✖ mental aspects under emergency Paper, carton consumption ✖ ✖ ✖ conditions have also been as- Groundwater consumption ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ sessed, by analysing the levels Raw water consumption ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ of signifi cance and the environ- Drinkable water consumption ✖ ✖ mental impacts associated with Convyed emissions to atmosphere ✖ ✖ ✖ > ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ accident events described in the Diffused emissions ✖ ✖ ✖ > ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ risk assessment document, which Wastewater discharge ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ MEMC produce, in accordance Hazardous waste ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ with Italian Legislative Decree Not hazardous waste ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ No. 334/99, which covers the Recoverable waste ✖ ✖ ✖ actions of companies for which PCB ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ there is a with a risk of signifi cant accidents. ODS Ozone depleting chemicals ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ Asbestos ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ Odors ✖ ✖ ✖ > ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ External noise ✖ ✖ ✖ Radiation ✖ ✖ ✖ Vibrations ✖ ✖ ✖ Soil contamination ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ Soil occupation ✖ ✖ ✖ Landscape modification ✖ ✖ > ✖ ✖ Internal transportation ✖ ✖ ✖ Biodiversity effects ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ ✖ Table 1 ✖ very significative ✖ significative ✖ not significative

17 Determining the level of signifi - It should be remembered that cance is done following a method two types of indicator have been described in the company oper- used: ating regulations, where guide- absolute, which represent the lines are indicated for attributing annual quantity of the param- a risk score to the environmental eter being examined (e.g. Kg of impacts associated with the acci- waste produced in one year); dent scenario. specifi c, which are obtained In this processing phase, an as- by dividing the absolute quan- sessment is made of the probabil- tity of the parameter considered ity that the risk scenario will occur, by the quantity of product des- of the associated local impact on tined for the electronics market the external community, and of and for the solar photovoltaics the cost of managing the emer- market, manufactured in the gency. year (millions of equivalent In the sections that follow, there square inches of silicon). This is a summary of the environmen- type of indicator is important tal indicators of MEMC in Novara, because it makes highlighting which were updated on 31 De- the company’s performance cember 2010, and which enable per unit of product possible. For characterizing, qualitatively and some environmental aspects, a quantitatively, the site’s relevant percentage value is also includ- environmental aspects, and fol- ed, which is obtained from the lowing the evolution of the com- ratio between the specifi c value pany’s environmental perform- of the year being considered, ance in the period 2007-2010. and the specifi c value of 2007. The indicators presented here In order to facilitate interpreta- have been developed from data tion, the indicators are present- collected during checks made ed in the form of graphs. by the company of its environ- mental aspects, and, where not otherwise indicated, have been grouped for all of the activities carried out on the site.

18 Production By analysing the production data SILICON WAFERS PRODUCTION Table 3 In order to make a correct inter- in MSIE (million square inch equiv- Percentage variation with respect pretation of the trend of the envi- alent), it can be seen in Table 3 of the production in 2007 Silicon wafers production ronmental aspects, it is necessary that, in line with the economic Year forfor the electronicselectronici s forffoor ththehe ssosolarolaar pphotovoltaicshotoovvoltaaiiccs to consider all that is mentioned in context described above, the 20072007 100 100 200 the introduction, about the trend production of silicon for the elec- 20082008 79 78 158 tronics market shows a net in- in silicon wafer production in the 20092009 76 42 118 last year. crease over 2009, and over the 20102010 101 35 136 For this purpose, a graph has years immediately preceding, in been included which shows line with the recovery of the con- the production trend for silicon, sumer electronics market. In con- Silicon wafers production which, for 2010, considers the trast, the amount of the silicon 220 production destined for the solar silicon produced for the electron- 200 ics industry and for solar photo- photovoltaics market, shows a 180 voltaics, in terms of the percent- reduction at the Novara factory, 160 age variation with respect to the whose core business is not so- 140 production in 2007 (which has lar photovoltaics, but electronics, been chosen as the reference unlike the MEMC factory in Mer- 120 year). It was decided to consider ano, where the production of 100 the quantity of silicon produced polycrystalline silicon (in addition 80 for the electronics and solar pho- to the monocrystalline silicon for 60 tovoltaics markets as a reference the electronics market) for solar 40 for the calculation of the specifi c photovoltaics grew continuously. 20 Table 3 shows the percentage values of environmental per- 0 2007 2008 2009 2010 ANNUAL PRODUCTION QUANTITY (MSIE PRODUCTION QUANTITY ANNUAL formance shown below; indeed, values (increases and decreas- referred to 1997, Cconsidered as base year) YEAR silicon took on signifi cant impor- es) of MSIE for the year consid- tance for the solar photovoltaics ered, compared to the 2007 refer- Silicon for the solar photovoltaics Silicon for the electronics market already in 2006. ence value. Silicon for the electronics and solar photovoltaics

19 Energy consumption To illustrate these new asses- ENERGY CONSUMPTION Table 4 The energy primarily used at the sments clearly, Table 4 has two Total energy consumption Steam Electrical energy Oil & Natural Gas factory in Novara is electricity, columns that show the steam pur- although steam, natural gas and chased externally, and the sum of Year tep tep/MSIE tep tep tep diesel are also used. The ener- electricity and steam supplied by 2007 17.474 81 3.519 13.762 193 gy consumption of the individual the plant. 2008 13.115 77 721 12.232 162 sources, and the total consum- The graph of energy consumption 2009 12.629 80 734 11.769 126 refl ects the 2010 production trend, ption are presented in absolute 2010 14.095 68 422 13.547 126 where there is a clear increase in terms (TOE: tonne of oil equiva- tep = equivalent tons of petroleum oil lent) and specifi c terms, which re- the absolute value of the energy MSIE = million square inches equivalent fer to the quantity of silicon wafer consumption, due to increased production per year (expressed in production, but what is equally MSIE: million square inch equiva- clear is a decrease in the specifi c Energy consumption lent). consumption, of 68 TOEs/MSIE, 18.000 130 Since 2008, the amounts, in against the 80 TOEs/MSIE of the 120 TOEs, of electricity and ste- previous year, which confi rm the 15.000 am have been calculated using theories of economies of scale. 110 The decrease in specifi c con- 12.000 data from the regeneration plant 100 (which runs on natural gas) using sumption is closely linked to the their specifi c consumptions. The achievement of the environmen- 9.000 90 remaining amount of steam re- tal objectives implemented in 80 6.000 2010 (see environmental pro- quired by the factory, which is 70 not supplied by the trigeneration gram 2010), which were the re- 3.000 60 plant, is purchased externally, so placement of the cooling plant CONSUMPTION (tep/year) TOTAL the value in TOEs of this quantity (chiller) and installation of the 0 50 SPECIFIC CONSUMPTION (tep/MSIE) 2007 2008 2009 2010 of steam is calculated using stan- new compressed air production Year dard conversion factors. plant, which enabled achieving a Steam Thanks to the plant’s ever impro- reduction of 2400 MWh/year. Elettrical energy ving performance, which guaran- Oil & Natural Gas tees greater energy effi ciency Total energy consumption and, at the same time, a signifi - Specifi c consumption cant reduction in carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere, the amount of steam purchased externally falls every year.

20 Water consumption which went from 15,840 m3/MSIE, Table 5 The entire water supply for the in 2009, to 13,343 m3/MSIE, even though, in 2010, the total con- site’s production processes is pro- CIVIL WATER TOTAL WATER CONSUMPTION - INDUSTRIAL USE vided by underground aquifers. sumption of drained water, in ab- CONSUMPTION (1st and 2nd water-bearing stratum wells) Water is taken from four wells (two solute terms, increased as a result (town reservoir) in the fi rst aquifer and two in the of greater production. This signifi cant reduction in the Total 2nd water- 1st water- % Yearly specific second aquifer) to which water ex- Specific Annual tracted from a piezometer located specifi c consumption of water is annual bearing stratum bearing stratum consumption in the factory, downstream from closely linked to the achievement Year m3/year m3/year m3/year m3/MSIE % m3/year of the improvement objectives the fl ow direction of the aquifer, 2007 3.045.239 2.263.406 781.833 14.162 100 20.051 which is bled off continuously for since 2008. Indeed, in the con- 2008 2.655.140 2.035.855 619.285 15.557 110 10.463 decontamination and monitoring tinuous search for improvements 2009 2.504.447 1.869.818 634.629 15.840 112 4.430 purposes, is added. As explained that reduce water consumption, in greater detail in the chapter the company set up an Interfunc- 2010 2.758.163 2.181.662 576.501 13.343 94 6.733 dealing with ground contamina- tional Team, in 2008, to assess tion, water extracted from said the amount of water consumed piezometer is sent to the site’s by every machine and plant. This waste purifi cation plant and the Team reformulated the objectives annual amount is included in the that would help to convert and total industrial consumption of wa- reduce the type of fl uid used in ter from the fi rst aquifer. Drinking the cooling and washing systems water is supplied by the mains wa- of the production processes. In ter supply, while fi re-fi ghting water 2010, a number of activities were is taken from nearby, well-irrigated begun, which are still ongoing, canals and distributed by means to recover the water in the fi nal of a collection and pump system washing tanks (approximately managed by an adjacent fi rm. Wa- 4.5 m3/h), for reuse in a variety ter consumption over the last few of processes. Tests are also car- years is illustrated in the graphs ried out on the use of well water, showing the quantity of water con- instead of deionised water. In this sumed for industrial and civil use case, although the component in ...We should emphasise the reduction (sanitary services and canteen) question is water, the benefi t will in specifi c consumption, even though, in expressed in m3 normalized re- be in terms of an energy saving spectively to the production values as a result of reducing the deion- 2010, the total consumption of drained and typical number of employees ised water production. Table 5 water, in absolute terms, increased as a for the year in question. shows the quantities drained, and We should emphasise the re- the specifi c quantities, with refer- result of greater production. duction in specifi c consumption, ence to the MSIE.

21 Total water consumption - industrial use 3.600.000 17.000 2nd water-bearing stratum 3.300.000 1st water-bearing stratum 15.000 Total yearly consumption

3.000.000 /MSIE) 3 /year)

3 Specifi c consumption 2.700.000 13.000 2.400.000 2.100.000 11.000 1.800.000 1.500.000 9.000 1.200.000

900.000 7.000 ANNUAL CONSUMPTION (m ANNUAL 600.000 SPECIFIC CONSUMPTION (m 300.000 5.000 2007 2008 2009 2010 YEAR

Total water consumption - civil use 30 Total yearly civil water 25.000 consumption 25 Specifi c civil water /MSIE) /year) 3 3 20.000 consumption 3 20 (m each employee)

15.000 15

10.000 10

5.000 5 ANNUAL CONSUMPTION (m ANNUAL SPECIFIC CONSUMPTION (m 0 - 2007 2008 2009 2010 YEAR

22 As per previous versions of this Table 6 document, values related to an- Quantity ratio of Quantity of (Qr/Qa)*100 other parameter used to assess recycled water procured water the effi cient use of water on site Year m3/Year m3/Year % are also shown here beside, that 2007 211.376 3.045.239 6,94 is to say the quantity ratio of recy- 2008 196.182 2.655.140 7,39 cled water in production process- es or for technological purposes 2009 201.445 2.504.447 8,04 divided by the overall quantity of 2010 204.552 2.758.163 7,42 water procured: Qr/Qa. As you can see in the graph and Water percent recovery in Table 6, the quantity supplied, 10,00 with respect to that recovered, has remained almost unchanged 9,00 with respect to 2009. 8,00

7,00

6,00

5,00 Recycled water/procured water % 4,00 2007 2008 2009 2010 YEAR

23 Consumption of tion processes, that may lead to use of said substance, even when hazards associated with their use Production began again in 2010, auxiliary materials emissions to the atmosphere, the mixed with other acids, means and storage. The table here below and the natural consequence was Various chemical substances (ac- discharge of liquid, waste and risk that the factory falls under the shows trends in the consumption the increases and consumption of ids, bases, detergents, alcohols, of ground contamination during scope of Italian Decree 334/99 of substances in use in the factory, auxiliary production materials. inert and special gases, colloidal loading and transport operations. Art. 6 concerning major accident considered signifi cant due to the At the time that there was a gen- solutions, oils and greases) are The latter involves the areas in hazards. quantity consumed (> 3 tons/year) eral increase in the absolute con- used in the production processes which factories producing said A Safety Management System or their hazardous nature (classi- sumption, there was also a reduc- that can give rise to direct or in- chemical substances are located. has therefore been defi ned and fi ed: Toxic, Corrosive or Highly tion in the specifi c consumption direct environmental impacts. The Various process stages performed implemented that, together with Flammable), whilst trends related (tonne/MSIE) for all of the most former can be controlled directly in the factory require the use of the Environmental Management to substances for which specifi c important auxiliary materials. on site and derive from the forma- hydrofl uoric acid, which is classifi System, defi nes action to improve improvement actions have been This specifi c reduction is a sign of tion of contaminating or non-con- ed as very toxic in concentrations the management of said sub- defi ned are also shown in graphs effi cient processes. taminating by-products in produc- greater than 7%. The storage and stances designed to reduce the for ease of reference. Table 7 Phosphoric, nitric and Sodium Hydrocloridric Phosphoric and nitric acid hydrofloridric acid mix (50% Isopropylic Hydrofloridric Hydrogen hydroxide 30% acid 37% mix (50% HNO3, 39% H3PO4) HNO3, 10%CH3COOH,6% HF) alcohol acid 49% Peroxide 31% C C C T, C F+ T+, C Xn

Year ton ton/MSIE ton ton/MSIE ton ton/MSIE ton ton/MSIE ton ton/MSIE ton ton/MSIE ton ton/MSIton/MSIEE 2007 1.156,08 5,08 724,27 3,18 440,20 1,94 198,00 0,87 82,78 0,36 103,84 0,46 62,68 0,280,28 2008 958,00 5,17 721,00 3,89 362,20 1,95 171,00 0,92 76,08 0,41 89,44 0,48 60,07 0,320,32 2009 727,00 4,60 617,47 3,91 266,60 1,69 169,70 1,07 81,91 0,52 80,30 0,51 56,60 0,36 2010 904,00 4,37 704,26 3,41 365,70 1,77 180,00 0,87 102,62 0,50 100,00 0,48 71,16 0,34

Potassium Ammonia Hydrocloridric acid Trichlorosylane Nitric Acetic hydroxide 45% 25% anidrous (gas) acid 65% acid 80% C C T, C C C C

Year ton ton/MSIE ton ton/MSIE ton ton/MSIE ton ton/MSIE ton ton/MSIE ton ton/MSIton/MSIEE 2007 66,04 0,29 56,40 0,25 57,67 0,25 45,55 0,20 10,82 0,05 7,39 0,03 2008 51,48 0,28 49,94 0,27 47,82 0,26 30,98 0,17 9,90 0,05 0,98 0,010,01 2009 53,04 0,34 43,86 0,28 35,84 0,23 28,63 0,18 7,80 0,05 1,06 0,010,01 2010 78,52 0,38 54,90 0,27 61,58 0,30 43,70 0,21 10,10 0,05 1,33 0,010,01

24 Table 8 shows the absolute and We should point out the dramatic Consumption of most used chemical sustances Table 8 specifi c quantities of the chemi- reduction in the consumption of cals most used. acetic acid used in the ID-Saw 3.500 14,00 A number of activities, which cutting process during the support were begun, in 2010, to reduce surface removal phase, which be- 3.250 the consumption of materials that gan in 2008 and was confi rmed in serve the production, will come 2010, due to the new Wire-saw 3.000 12,00 to an end in 2011. The polishing cutting process, which does not department began reducing the require this chemical. This con- 2.750 process slurry, and the process sumption is destined to decrease engineers in the polishing depart- further thanks to the introduction 2.500 10,00 ment began a series of tests to of the diamond wire cut, where determine whether it was possi- the ungluing takes place in only CONSUMPTION (t) ANNUAL 2.250

ble to increase the life time of the hot water. SPECIFIC CONSUMPTION (t/MSIE) polishing materials. The process The trends of the chemicals most 2.000 8,00 engineers in the lapping depart- used are reported individually, be- 2007 2008 2009 2010 YEAR ment began studies to reduce the low, where, despite the increase Total annual consumption lapping abrasive, and new proc- in the absolute value is confi rmed, Specifi c consumption esses that will enable increasing there is a dramatic, clear reduc- the lifetime of the solutions used tion in the specifi c consumption in the washing tanks. Another, (ton/MSIE), also when comparing ongoing activity is the economic the specifi c value in years, where Consumption of Sodium Consumption of chemical sustances Sodium hydroxide NaOH 30% hydroxide 30% assessment of the recovery of the absolute value is comparable. 1500 7,00 the isopropyl alcohol used in the This indicates the improvement 1400 cleaning department for drying in the processes in which these Total Spec. 1300 the wafers after washing. chemicals are used. cons. cons. 1200 6,00 Year ton ton/MSIE 2007=100 1100 %/ton 1000 2007 1.156 5,38 100,00 900 5,00 800 c consumption (t/MSIE) 2008 958 5,61 82,87 fi 700 Annual consumption (t) 2009 727 4,60 62,89 600 4,00 2010 904 4,37 78,20 22007007 20082008 20092009 20102010 Speci YEAR

Total annual consumption Specifi c consumption

25 Consumption of Phosphoric and nitric Consumption of chemical sustances: acid mix (50% HNO3, 39% H3PO4) Phosphoric and nitric acid mix (50% HNO3, 39% H3PO4) 650 4,00 Total Spec. 550 cons. cons. Year ton ton/MSIE 2007=100 450 3,00 %/ton 350 2007 440 2,05 100,00 2008 362 2,12 82,28 250 2,00 c consumption (t/MSIE) fi 2009 267 1,69 60,56 Consumo annuo (t) 150 2010 366 1,77 83,08 50 1,00 22007007 20082008 20092009 20102010 Speci YEAR

Consumption of Hydrofloridric Consumption of chemical sustances: acid 49% Hydrofl oridric acid 49% 120 0,65 Total Spec. cons. cons. 110 Year ton ton/MSIE 2007=100 0,55 %/ton 100 2007 104 0,48 100,00 90 2008 89 0,52 86,14 0,45

80 c consumption (t/MSIE) 2009 80 0,51 77,33 fi Consumo annuo (t) 2010 100 0,48 96,30 70 0,35 22007007 20082008 20092009 20102010 Speci YEAR

Consumption of Hydrocloridric acid Consumption of chemical sustances: anidrous (gas) Hydrocloridric acid anidrous (gas) 90 1,00 Total Spec. 80 cons. cons. 0,80 70 Year ton ton/MSIE 2007=100 60 0,60 %/ton 50 2007 58 0,27 100,00 40 0,40 2008 48 0,28 82,92 30 0,20 c consumption (t/MSIE) fi 2009 36 0,23 62,15 Consumo annuo (t) 20 2010 62 0,30 106,79 10 0,00 22007007 20082008 20092009 20102010 Speci YEAR

Total annual consumption Consumo totale annuo Specifi c consumption Consumo specifi co

26 Consumption of defect tests performed requiring Consumption of Hexavalent Chromium Consumption of Hexavalent Chromium Hexavalent Chromium application of the chromic etching 10,00 0,10 Finally they highlight a situation process and the application of a Total Spec. deriving from the upkeep of an process foreseeing multiple use cons. cons. 8,00 0,08 improvement action, strength- of the etching bath. Year kg kg/MSIE 2007= 0,06 ened over the years, that contin- The small increase that occurred 100% 6,00 ues to offer excellent results in in 2010 is proportional to the 2007 3,71 0,017 100 4,00 0,04 terms of environmental perform- greater checks carried out in the 2008 6,03 0,035 163 ance: that is to say a reduction laboratory, following the optimal 2,00 0,02 c consumption (kg/MSIE)

2009 6,43 0,041 173 fi in the consumption of hexavalent resumption of production. MEMC 2010 9,14 0,044 247 Annual consumption (kg) - - chrome, a chemical substance, installed the necessary safety 22007007 20082008 20092009 20102010 Speci the compounds of which are clas- systems during use of the equip- YEAR sifi ed as carcinogenic by inhala- ment that uses this substance, Total annual consumption tion and are therefore particularly and implemented health proto- Specifi c consumption hazardous. Said reduction has cols for all of the operators in been achieved thanks to a de- charge of these operations. crease in the number of product

The small increase that occurred in 2010 is proportional to the greater checks carried out in the laboratory, following the optimal resumption of production.

27 Consumption of Silicon managing the environmental Consumption of Silicon Carbide Table 9 consequences associated with Carbide %SiC Total Spec. % Spec. In 2010, the use of recovered using the product itself: in this Purchased Recovered amount cons. cons. cons. silicon carbide (which is used case, sewage to be purifi ed and recovered as an abrasive in the wire cut- mud to be sent for disposal. Year kg kg kg kg/MSIE 2007=100 ting phase) with respect to the An additional reduction in the 2007 110.700 267.820 378.520 515 70,8 100,0 total consumed (recovered + use of silicon carbide is linked 2008 96.820 229.220 326.040 567 70,3 110,2 purchased), was in line with to advanced testing and, today, 2009 76.360 243.535 319,895 483 76,1 93,8 previous years, at 71%. The in the pre-production phase for 2010 114.460 284.880 399.340 554 71,3 107,6 recovery, which, to date, has some specifi cations of use of been done inside the factory, the diamond wire, an alternative Consumption of chemical sustances: Silicon Carbide (SiC) has been transferred to an ex- to the current cutting process. ternal plant run by a third-party The table beside shows the 190.000 550 company authorised to recover complete consumption data: 170.000 this product, which is regar- purchased and recovered; the 150.000 ded as non-hazardous waste. graph shows the trend of pur- 450 130.000 However, management of this chased silicon carbide, which 110.000 substance, which has an insi- is the actual supply of auxiliary 350 gnifi cant environmental impact, material from the outside. 90.000 c consumption (t/MSIE) is an example of eco-sustaina- In particular, Table 9 shows the 70.000 fi Annual consumption (t) bility within the company; a re- quantities of SiC recovered and 50.000 250 Speci duced consumption of the che- purchased, and the percentages 22007007 20082008 20092009 20102010 YEAR mical leads to lower acquisition of the amount recovered, over the Total annual consumption costs, but also lower costs of total. Specifi c consumption

28 Emissions into Authorisation on the part of the The values measured are obtained The three tables (10, 11 e 12) rep- Emission point 2: the atmosphere Province requires sampling every from an offi cial sampling carried out resent all processes and pollut- Polishing, Acid etching, Signifi cant emissions into the at- three years, for almost all of the by an accredited external labora- ants in MEMC’s production cycle, Various washings mosphere are monitored at least emission points (with the exception tory, under the most drastic plant in particular: Emission point 73: every three years, as required by of the emission points for arsine, for running conditions. this represents one of the 26 the latest authorisations obtained which monitoring is carried out an- There is also a column that shows Emission point 1: epitaxial emission points cho- for the emission points; the samples nually). Thus, the next monitoring a threshold value, as a percentage, Cutting, Lapping, Acid etching, sen, insofar as it is a controlled are taken, and the analyses carried will be in 2013. indicating how far the authorised Various washings emission point for HCl and Arsine. out by a qualifi ed external laborato- value is from the value measured ry coordinated by the environmental during the offi cial sampling. protection and safety function. The limits allowed by the authori- sations are respected for all of the Emission point 1: Cutting, Lapping, Acid etching, Various washings Table 10 substances. Concentration Mass flow (kg/h) It should be noted that the sam- (mg/Nm3 a 0°C e 0,101 mPa) ples from individual chimney stacks Values LimitsLLimits Values LimitsLiL mmiittss Treasured value are taken under the most drastic Pollutant allowedala looweed byb tthehee Treasured value allowedaalloowweed bbyy tthehehe measured (100%=authorized value) measured (100%=authorized value) operating conditions of the proc- AuthorisationsAuA thhorrisaatioonss AuthorisationsAAuthoorrissaatioonnss esses that cause the emissions, NOX Nitrogen oxide NO2 0,237 100 0,24% 0,012 5,5 0,21% and, therefore, represent the most F- Fluorides (HF) 0,0678 2 3,39% 0,00340 0,11 3,09% critical situation that may occur, one that does not refl ect the actual situ- CH3COO- Acetates (CH3COOH) 0,144 10 1,44% 0,0072 0,55 1,31% ation in terms of the total quantity of CL- Clorides (HCl) 0,566 3 18,87% 0,0283 0,165 17,15% pollutants emitted per year. Chrome VI 0,00079 0,5 0,16% 0,00004 0,0275 0,15% The following tables show the re- sults of the offi cial sampling carried out in 2010 for the pollutants used in MEMC’s production cycle, at the factory’s main emission points, compared with the limit values au- thorised by Novara Province.

29 The years 2009 and 2010 were Emission point 2: Polishing, Acid etching, Various washings Tab.11 characterised by the request for Concentration Mass flow (kg/h) authorisation for new EPI reactors (mg/Nm3 a 0°C e 0,101 mPa) that use arsine, for the manufac- ture of advanced products. Use of Values LimitsLLimits Treasured value Values LimitsLiLimmittss Treasured value Pollutant allowedala looweed byb tthehee allowedaalloowweed bbyy tthehhee (100%=authorized value) this critical gas required a number measured AuthorisationsAuA thhorrisaatioonss (100%=authorized value) measured AuthorisationsAAuthoorrissaatioonnss of administrative actions before authorisation to emit into the at- NH3 Ammoniaca 2,49 20 12,45% 0,266 2,52 10,63% mosphere could be obtained. At SOT-COV Isopropanolo 2,03 3,6 56,39% 0,21840 0,455 48,00% the same time, the environmen- Ozono O3 0,359 2,6 13,81% 0,0267 0,33 8,09% tal impacts associated with the Polveri totali 1,07 1,2 89,17% 0,1152 0,142 81,13% use of this gas and the systems HCl Acido Cloridico 0,396 1 39,60% 0,0427 0,13 32,85% for safeguarding the environment KOH Idrossido di Potassio 0,0181 2 0,91% 0,0020 0,254 0,79% (new generation scrubbers) were NaOH Idrossido di Sodio 0,05 2 2,50% 0,0049 0,254 1,93% assessed. In the same way, ac- tions for improving safety man- agement for the plants that use Emission point 73 EPI Tab.12 this gas were identifi ed. In addi- Concentration Mass flow (kg/h) tion to the prevention/protection (mg/Nm3 a 0°C e 0,101 mPa) measures, health surveillance measures were implemented and Values LimitsLLimits Treasured value Values LimitsLiLimmittss Treasured value Pollutant allowedala looweed byb tthehee allowedaalloowweed bbyy tthehehe (100%=authorized value) employee protection information measured AuthorisationsAuA thhorrisaatioonss (100%=authorized value) measured AuthorisationsAAuthoorrissaatioonnss provided. HCl Acido Cloridico 2,23 10 22,30% 0,97664 5,5 17,76% AsH3 Arsina 0,0003 0,002 14,95% 0,00014 0,0011 12,73%

30 Emission of carbon dioxide lent emissions for the factory Table 13 equivalent (which refl ect the trend in energy Yearly Specific Rif. to Said trend refl ects the trend seen consumption), which represents Electricity+ Steam Specific in the factory’s energy consump- the site’s contribution to raising the Total Steam by Trige- purchased Natural Gas Diesel oil Freon R134a Total tion and is in sharp decline thanks temperature of the earth’s crust, neration Plant outside Year t CO t CO t CO t CO t CO t CO t CO t CO /MSIE % to the fact that from March 2007 all which is known as the greenhouse 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 of the electricity, steam and about effect, or global warming (GW). 2007 41.246,4 33.917,2 6.872,86 448,3 6,5 0,0 1,56 192 100 2/3 of the frigories required by the The contribution to GW made by 2008 31.153,4 29.359,9 1.408,63 373,2 10,6 0,6 0,52 183 95 factory are provided by the new Freon R22 is almost identical to 2009 29.680,8 27.949,0 1.432,67 288,9 9,7 0,6 0,00 188 98 trigeneration plant, which is pow- that of 2008, as a result of mainte- 2010 33.294,5 32.168,0 824,50 286,5 11,3 0,0 4,16 161 84 ered by natural gas and therefore nance work on the existing cooling has a lower impact on the environ- systems. ment in terms of the emission of In particular, since 2008, the con- carbon dioxide comparedto the tribution of electricity and steam Emission of Carbon Dioxide Equivalent previous situation. production to the greenhouse ef- 80.000 195

From Table 13 and the associated fect has been determined using 190 2 (t) 70.000 graph, a consistent reduction can the emission factors of the trigen- 2 185 60.000 be seen in the greenhouse effect eration plant, which, in past years, 180 contribution in both absolute and were not available, whereas, for 50.000 175 specifi c terms, over the last few the calculation of the emissions 40.000 170 165 years with respect to 2007, when due to the generation of steam 30.000 (t/MSIE) the trigeneration plant began op- purchased from external suppliers 160 20.000 erating. who use a variety of energy sourc- 155 10.000 150 SPECIFIC QUANTITY CO SPECIFIC QUANTITY

The following table and graph es, the standard GW coeffi cient is CO QUANTITY ANNUAL 145 show the carbon dioxide equiva- maintained. 0 2007 2008 2009 2010 YEAR

Electric energy Steam Specifi c emmission CO2 Note: contributions related to Natural Gas and Diesel Fuel are not included in the graph as they were less than 1% overall.

31 Waste and fl uid recorded in the year considered, Table 14 drainage calculated as the mathematical average of the concentrations CIVIL WASTE WATER Waste water from the various pro- (water supplied duction processes are channelled identifi ed through internal analy- INDUSTRIAL WASTE WATER by municipal water (Water pumped from 1st and 2nd groundwater private wells) to the facility’s waste water purifi - ses on samples from each dis- service and 2nd cation plant, in function since mid charge, taken at least three times groundwater wells) a week on alternate days) of the 1997, in which pollutants are treat- Industrial water Waste water Cooling water Specific industrial % Annual specific Civil ed and purifi ed waters returned to typical pollutants recorded at the discharge facility discharge discharge water discharge consumption discharge waste water’s purifi cation plant’s the Cavo Veveri irrigation canal, a Year m3/year m3/year m3/year m3/MSIE 2007=100 m3/year confl uent of the Terdoppio stream, discharge. Also indicated are the 2007 3.033.580 2.356.383 677.197 13.337 100,00 20.537 where cooling waters are also dis- limits imposed by current legisla- 2008 2.423.099 1.841.341 581.758 13.070 100,64 10.913 charged. Meteoric waters are also tion as shown in the charts, these channelled into the same stream limits are respected in all cases. 2009 2.324.325 1.709.702 614.623 14.270 104,20 4.430 through separate piping. Civilian The capacity values, as absolute 2010 2.418.425 1.842.241 576.184 11.699 82,93 6.733 3 discharges are channelled to the values in m /year, are almost iden- Agogna stream through the mu- tical to those of 2009, whereas The site industrial water discharge the value of specifi c exhaust in nicipal sewage system, after treat- 16.000 ment in the municipal water purifi - m3/MSIE, is clearly lower than 3.210.000 14.000 cation plant. in the previous year. The proc- 2.810.000 12.000 Listed in the charts below are the ess exhaust essentially remained 2.410.000 unchanged, a sign of a constant 10.000 capacities of the different types of 2.010.000 discharges, and the concentration consumption of deionised water 1.610.000 8.000 values (highest monthly average (DIW). 1.210.000 6.000 810.000 4.000 410.000 2.000

TOTAL DISCHARGE (mc/year) TOTAL 10.000 0 SPECIFIC DISCHARGE (mc/MSIE) 2007 2008 2009 2010 YEAR Waste water facility discharge Cooling water discharge Total industrial water discharge Specifi c industrial water discharge

32 From an analysis of the graphs we can see an overall trend that that show the concentration val- is in line with the previous three ues of the pollutants typical of the years. discharge of the purifi cation plant,

WASTE WATER - Concentration Waste water - pH WASTE WATER - Concentration Waste water - COD

pH 10,0 COD 170 - 9,5 mg/l 150 Limit by Law 9,0 Limit by Law DLgs 152/06 5,5 - 9,5 160 130 8,5 8,18 8,40 DLgs 152/06 7,97 Year medium min max 7,98 110 8,0 Year medium max 95,40 2007 7,65 6,50 8,18 2007 13,8 48,96 7,5 90 79,08 2008 7,65 6,70 8,40 7,0 6,767 2008 16,95 79,08 6,5 6,59659 6,52652 70 2009 7,39 6,59 7,98 6,5 2009 27,81 95,40 48,96 44,80 2010 7,15 6,52 7,97 2010 26,15 44,80 50

Medium compared values 6,0 30 Yearly average value 5,5 Yearly average value Yearly minimal value 5,0 Average value Concentration at the discharge (mg/l) 10 2007 2008 2009 2010 Average value 2007 2008 2009 2010 YEAR Max limit by law YEAR Max and minimum limit by law

WASTE WATER - Concentration Waste water - Fluoride: F- WASTE WATER - Concentration Waste water - Total Sospeded Solids: TSS 7 Fluoride Sospeded 90 mg/l 6 Solids - mg/l 80 Limit by Law 5,54 6 5,4 Limit by Law 80 70 DLgs 152/06 5 5,385,38 5,385,38 DLgs 152/06 60 Year medium max 4 Year medium max 50 2007 4,10 5,40 2007 5,3 10,00 3 40 2008 3,91 5,38 2008 2,8 6,50 30 2009 4,37 5,54 2 2009 1,3 2,50 2010 3,83 5,38 2010 3,7 7,90 20 1 10,0 10 6,5 7,9 Yearly average value Yearly average value 2,5 Concentration at the discharge (mg/l) Average value 0 Average value Concentration at the discharge (mg/l) 0 2007 2008 2009 2010 2007007 200820082 2009009 2010201 Max limit by law Max limit by law YEAR YEAR

33 WASTE WATER - Concentration WASTE WATER - Concentration Waste water - Nitrite: N-NO2 Waste water - Nitric Nitrogen: N-NO3 1,0 24 Nitrite NO2- Nitric Nitrogen mg/l NO3- / mg/l 20 Limit by Law 0,8 0,6 Limit by Law 20 DLgs 152/06 DLgs 152/06 16 17,08 Year medium max 0,6 Year medium max 2007 0,05 0,56 0,56 2007 3,65 17,06 12 0,50 2008 0,05 0,50 0,4 0,49 2008 3,52 8,82 0,42 2009 0,16 0,49 2009 2,95 8,14 8 8,82 8,14 2010 0,15 0,42 0,2 2010 2,88 6,60 4 6,60

Yearly average value Concentration at the discharge (mg/l) Yearly average value Concentration at the discharge (mg/l) Average value 0,0 Average value 0 2007 2008 2009 2010 2007 2008 2009 2010 Max limit by law YEAR Max limit by law YEAR

WASTE WATER - Concentration WASTE WATER - Concentration Waste water - Ammoniacal Nitrogen: N-NH4+ Waste water - Phosphor P04: P-PO4 18 Ammoniacal Nitro- P - Phosphor 12

gen NH4+ / mg/l mg/l 15 10 Limit by Law 15 Limit by Law 10 DLgs 152/06 DLgs 152/06 12 8 Year medium max Year medium max 6,66 5,95 2007 0,18 4,00 9 2007 2,54 5,95 6 5,29 2008 0,11 0,92 2008 1,09 4,08 4,08 6 2009 0,13 1,09 4,0 2009 1,87 5,29 4 2010 0,10 0,21 2,61 6,66 3 2010 1,09 2 0,92 0,21

Yearly average value Concentration at the discharge (mg/l) Yearly average value Concentration at the discharge (mg/l) Average value 0 0 2007007 200808 2009 20102010 Average value 2007 2008 2009 2010 Max limit by law YEAR Max limit by law YEAR

WASTE WATER - Concentration WASTE WATER - Concentration Waste water - Sulfate: SO4 Waste water - Chloride: Cl- 1200 Sulfate Chloride 1400 mg/l 1050 mg/l 1200 Limit by Law 1000 900 Limit by Law 1200 DLgs 152/06 DLgs 152/06 1000 750 Year medium max Year medium max 800 2007 43,7 79,7 600 2007 180,85 299,27 600 2008 48,6 87,0 450 2008 209,86 333,68 2009 47,1 66,8 2009 165,16 275,90 336,88 300 400 299,27 2010 42,4 58,5 2010 172,18 261,70 275,90 261,70 87,0 150 79,7 66,8 58,5 200

Yearly average value Concentration at the discharge (mg/l) Yearly average value 0 Concentration at the discharge (mg/l) Average value 0 2007007 200820082 2009009 2010201 Average value 2007 2008 2009 2010 Max limit by law YEAR Max limit by law YEAR 34 Waste collaboration with a new recovery Total waste Table 15 The following graphs and tables plant, and continued in 2010, and with data relating to the trend in with additional collaborations par- Year Disposed waste Recovered waste Total ticularly, in recovering mud from the production of waste, stand- t/year t/MSIE % t/year t/MSIE % t/year t/MSIE % ardised with respect to the pro- the process of industrial sewage 2007 816 3,79 100 1.878 8,7 100 2.694 12,53 100 duction, and updated in 2010, purifi cation. This mud (non-haz- 2008 778 4,56 120 1.468 8,6 98 2.246 13,16 105 divided on the basis of the clas- ardous waste) is mostly recov- 2009 621 3,93 103 1.188 7,5 86 1.809 11,44 91 sifi cation (special, non-hazardous ered for the brick industry and for and hazardous) and of the desti- the recovery of silicon for glass- 2010 337 1,63 43 2.214 10,7 123 2.550 12,34 98 nation (recovery or disposal). works. What is reported above has been Waste production In 2010, the absolute value of confi rmed by an analysis of the 3.500 36 the total production of waste in- quantitative data concerning 34 creased following the resumption waste separated according to its 3.000 32 of production in the factory, and of hazard characteristics. 30 the numerous expansion activi- 2.500 28 ties of the factory itself (increased 26 2.000 production). 24 22 As can be seen from the graph, 1.500 20 the amount of waste recovered 18 is considerably greater than the 1.000 16 amount of waste destined for 500 14 disposal, and increased from 12 SPECIFIC PRODUCTION (t/MSIE) 7.5 tonnes/MSIE, in 2009, to ANNUAL WASTE PRODUCTION (t/year) WASTE ANNUAL 0 10 10.7 tonnes/MSIE, in 2010. 2007 2008 2009 2010 YEAR This shift from waste that is dis- Recovered Total posed of to waste that is recov- Disposed Specifi c ered, began in 2009, with the

35 The trend of non-hazardous waste residue that, otherwise, would Hazardous waste production Table 16 Hazardous waste generally remained constant over have been piped to the purifi ca- 30,00 0,2 time. The small variations were tion plant, and thereby increase Year Total Spec % t/year t/MSIE linked primarily to ordinary and the pollution load that needed 25,00 0,1 extraordinary maintenance oper- treating. 2007 7,60 0,033 100 2008 8,87 0,048 147 0,1 ations. For example, in 2010, ex- As can be deduced from the Envi- 20,00 2009 8,93 0,055 160 traordinary maintenance was car- ronmental Declaration Form, the 0,1 ried out on the dessicator, which increase in the hazardous waste 2010 24,46 0,118 335 15,00 removed the water contained in produced by the factory’s activ- 0,1 the mud, and thereby gave it a ity is linked essentially to the dis- 10,00 Hazardous waste much lower volume and weight; mantling of equipment and ma- 0,0 production the weight of the mud produced chinery that contain hazardous 5,00 Specifi c production 0,0 ANNUAL PRODUCTION (t/year) ANNUAL

by the purifi cation plant increased substances. SPECIFIC PRODUCTION (t/MSIE) (about 10% greater than in 2008, Only a small part of the specifi c 0 0,0 the production reference year), increase in hazardous waste is 2007 2008 2009 2010 YEAR thus, under ordinary operating due to the increased disposal conditions, there would have of the chrome-fl uoride mixture, been a reduction in the absolute which is used for the qualifi ca- Non hazardous waste production Table 17 Non hazardous waste amount of non-hazardous waste. tion and testing of new products, 3.500 40,0 The used abrasive from the wire- which increased in 2010. Year Total Spec % t/year t/MSIE saw cutting machines was recov- It should be emphasised that, 2007 2.687 12,49 100 3.000 35,0 ered by sending it to an external in 2011, the section of the envi- 2008 2.238 13,11 105 company; this resulted in an in- ronmental program that relates 30,0 crease in the production of non- to waste mentions, for example, 2009 1.800 11,39 91 2.500 2010 2.526 12,22 98 hazardous waste, which absorbs a study for the recovery of nitric 25,0 the reduced production of mud and phosphoric acid in the phos- Non hazardous waste 2.000 sent for recovery or disposal. phonitric mixture used during the production 20,0 However, in this case, the in- manufacturing phases. Once this Specifi c production 1.500 creased production of one type of activity has been completed, the 15,0 ANNUAL PRODUCTION (t/year) ANNUAL

waste should be interpreted in a amount of hazardous waste dis- SPECIFIC PRODUCTION (t/MSIE) positive light, because it guaran- posed of will decrease. 1.000 10,0 2007 2008 2009 2010 tees the recovery of a production YEAR

36 Areas covered by reclaiming plan Ground contamination measures already implemented. PCBs The area on which the trigen- These drain water activities, The fi ve dielectric oil transformers M2 eration plant stands has been which are still active, also affect (No. 1 and No. 2 in Cabin 1, No. 3 West decontaminated over the last old contaminations of chloride in Cabin 2, and No. 8 and No. 9 A side Storical plant years (2004:2008) by means of solvents which were necessary in Cabin 3) that are currently removal of excavated earth from in the early 1990s, when a glue present in the factory contain the site (about 2,000 tons of earth containing these solvents was PCB concentrations that are well contaminated with heavy met- used. The drums of glue were de- below 50 ppm, as reported in the als and 400 tons contaminated contaminated, but pollution was analytical results. The monitoring with asbestos from activities con- caused by the breaking of the plan entails an analytical check of ducted on the site before it was tube that transported the wash- the concentrations, every three purchased by MEMC). In fact said ing water to the purifi cation plant. years. In 2010, two unused trans- plant stands on a portion of land Since 1993, MEMC has no longer formers (which contained PCBs) covered by a decontamination used glues or chemicals that were sent for disposal, and analy- program agreed with the relevant contain chloride solvents, having ses of the fl uid of the transformers authorities, the last stage of which replaced them, in general, with present were made. M1M B C is to be completed by the end of a glue that contains ammonia 2008 and consists of waterproof- solutions and maleic resins. The ing of the surface and the crea- drainage activity is still ongoing, tion of a meteoric water collection in order to eliminate traces of this network. pollutant completely, as required N R Reclaimed areas at 1997 With regards to the aquifer, by the instructions received from R Reclaimed areas at 2004 pumping from active wells and the control bodies. The changes R Reclaimed areas at 2006 drainage piezometers and moni- in the concentration values of this W Water proofed areas at 2006 pollutant in the water table have A Areas to be water proofed at 2008 toring activities have been con- tinued. Concentration values of maintained a downward trend, pollutants in the aquifer have which was already shown in the maintained the downward trend past, which emphasises the effec- seen in the past, highlighting the tiveness of the decontamination effectiveness of decontamination interventions already carried out.

37 Ozone depleting In 2005 (updated in 2010), a plan Outside noise MEMC layout whit outside noise levels substances was produced to eliminate en- The environmental impact of noise Values of outside noise levels are measured in 2006 Freon 22 is used in the factory tirely the R22 still present in some on the surrounding areas was 60,5 as a cooling liquid in some of the factory cooling systems, and, in measured in equivalent noise lev- air-conditioning units. A survey accordance with this plan, the els expressed in decibels, of these plants is updated every plants that still contain it are be- along the facility’s boundaries. The 57,5 65,0 67,5 68,0 59,0 57,0 year. Said chemical product is in- ing replaced. MEMC facility is likely to have been cluded in the list of ozone deplet- In particular, the 2005 survey, included in Class VI, “Exclusively 69,5 58,0 ing substances prepared by the which subsequently made plan- Industrial Areas”, for which the European Community (Regula- ning for the elimination plan pos- daytime and night-time noise out- sible, identifi ed the systems that put limit is set at 65dBA, and the 64,0 tion CE 2037/00), for which spe- 58,0 cial action must be taken to con- still contain R22, in the indoor noise input limit is set at 70dBA. In trol its use and prevent emissions units of some offi ces, in the lap- 2005, many actions has been put to the atmosphere. The date set ping and cutting machine com- in place, aimed at reducing noise pressors and in the refrigerators for completion of the phasing out emissions produced by the plant in 61,0 59,0 process is 31/12/2005. in the canteen. points where previous noise read- 60,0 64,0 61,0 In 2010, the air-conditioning sys- ings had exceeded 65dBA (and 64,0 67,5 66,5 tem in the reception, which con- were in any case lower than the tained Freon 22, was replaced 70dBA daytime and night-time limit 63,0 completely, in accordance with imposed by previous legislation). the improvement program. The points in question were posi- Caption N tioned along the facility’s southern NNoise samples ( (during daytime) in dBA boundary, where the epitaxy de- Noise intput limit 70 dBA partment’s extraction ventilators and air conditioning system are lo- cated, which create noise levels of Consequently, the factory fl oor plan Novara city council is currently up- close to 70dBA, in close proximity shown is marked with the most up dating the acoustic zoning plan, to the boundary. Updated results to date noise values available, and, in 2009, requested informa- are awaited for the acoustic impact detected at the boundaries of the tion about the chemistry business determined by the trigeneration grounds and determined by MEMC park, where MEMC, too, carries plant, currently being defi ned with activities. out its production. the plant running at full capacity.

38 Signifi cance of indirect Communication and activities training periods within the com- External transport traffi c limitations planned by environmental aspects on the ground: pany itself, and while they were In the transportation of hazardous Novara city council, with de- The following table summarises The company pays particular at- producing their dissertations; substances, procedures were tailed maps with indications the activities that, based on a tention to internal and external participation in conferences adopted for checking the trans- of the roads that can be trav- signifi cance valuation of indirect environmental communication, to publicise the Environmental port vehicles (coming into and elled down that bordered the environmental aspects, lead to or by producing a program that is Declaration, and to increase leaving the factory) and the grade marked off area, the availability can lead to signifi cant indirect en- updated every year. sensitivity to environmental of the drivers (ADR regime). of parking spaces and a shuttle vironmental impacts. In 2010, the following activities protection issues; The factory in Novara has a con- service in the city centre; were carried out internally: publicising the 2009 Environ- siderable effect on the traffi c in communication of the exten- ACTIVITIES THAT ARE SUB graphs were put up on the no- mental Declaration in Italian, the district in which it is situated sion of the Novara council-run CONTRACTED ON THE SITE tice board showing the trend and by publishing on the In- (S. Agabio) because of employ- service “Bicincittà” (“Bikes in With regards to companies that of the factory’s environmental tranet site and distribution, ees’ journeys to and from work. town”) operate on the site, all personnel performance, as well as the by mail, and by means of CD A person has been appointed MEMC took part in several before starting work receive haz- results of environmental audits ROMs, to the external com- within the company to coordinate sessions during MobilityTech ard information, as well as what made in the departments; munity, authorities, schools, journeys to and from work, and - the international forum on to do during their working activi- meetings were organised with clients, and suppliers; has been given the job of plan- technological innovation for ties to assure personal safety and personnel to inform them of in 2010, two initiatives were ning actions to reduce traffi c and the development of mobility environmental protection. the results of environmental promoted to publicise the Safe- to rationalise transport, in order to and transportation - held on The dangerous substances used improvements achieved and ty and Environmental Stand- reduce the indirect impacts that 18-19 October 2010, in Milan, by contractors and the wastes of the improvement programs ards applied in MEMC facto- arise, such as emissions into the in order to assess new strate- produced during their working ac- planned for the future, and to ries, in the local newspapers environment, noise and vibra- gies in the area of home-work tivities are controlled and specifi c present to them the informa- “Novara Oggi”, “Ticino News” tions. On a yearly basis, this per- transport/mobility. instructions are provided for the tion form on accidents that are and “Occhio; son will verify the level achieved use of proper containment areas relevant to people and to em- participation in an initiative of by the actions planned for the As for previous years, use of the to avoid any risk of contamina- ployees, which was updated in the Province relating to the previous year, and will produce CAR POOL unfortunately proved tion.The behaviour of employees 2010. External communication hydrogeological situation and an action plan for improving traf- to be limited, because of the dif- of external companies in terms of was carried out with the follow- pollution of the chemical busi- fi c, which he will send to the au- fi culty, above all, of individual environmental safety is verifi ed ing activities: ness park; thorities concerned. management (different times for by a periodical audit. The result the organisation of visits to the participation as speakers, in As part of the improvement plan family management and different contributes to the assignment of factory, with a presentation on the Business International for company mobility in 2010, the places around the city that are dif- classifi cation points to the con- the themes of environmental seminar “Green Sourcing: how following information activities fi cult to reach at rush hour). Use tractor. protection; to create profi t by means of were carried out: of public transport also proved to collaboration, with local univer- sustainable choices“, February information to employees, by be limited, because of the incom- sities, to support students during 2010. putting up notices about the patibility with work hours.

39 Manufacturing and use of the The MEMC site is often audited INDIRECT ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS product supplied by MEMC by customers in relation to the OUTSIDE CONTRACTORS ACTIVITIES IN SITE For the transportation of silicon quality and environmental protec- Maintenance and civil construction contractors ✖ wafers, MEMC reached agree- tion aspects; during these audits, (construction, carpentry, insulation, electrical, painters, ments with its main customers information is received and pro- drains, software, gardening, maintenance facilities) to send the product in aluminium vided that helps to improve en- Cleaning contractors and canteen service ✖ boxes that are entirely reusable, vironmental management in the PRODUCTS AND SERVICES PURCHASING instead of the traditional dispos- work activities. Recovery/disposal of hazardous and not hazardous waste ✖ able cardboard packaging. In responding to the increasingly (sludge from WWT, wire consumed from Wire-Saw) All of our customers have the insistent demands of the market, opportunity to return the plastic the sale of silicon for the solar Raw material purchasing (silicon bars and dopants) ✖ boxes that contain the wafers, so photovoltaics market, from the No- Hazardous classificated chemical products purchasing ✖ that they can be used again for vara factory, was started in 2006. Not hazardous product purchasing (chemical and not) ✖ subsequent deliveries. In 2010, the size of packaging was Electrical energy and steam purchasing ✖ MEMC’s customers operate in reduced, by using new moulds, Oil purchasing ✖ countries that have been sensi- reducing the use of cardboard, Natural Gas purchasing ✖ tive to environmental problems and maintaining the same pro- EXTERNAL TRASPORTATION for a long time, and have the tection. Also in 2010, a feasibility Hazardous and not hazardous waste trasportation ✖ ISO 14001 certifi cates and/or are study began of the new, reusable, (sludge from T.A.R., wire consumed from Wire-Saw) EMAS registered. plastic “Hy box” delivery contain- Not hazardous waste trasportation ✖ ers, which will be used primarily Raw material trasportation (silicon bars and dopants) ✖ for the Asian markets. Hazardous chemical product trasportation ✖ Not hazardous product trasportation (chemical and not) ✖ Product trasportation ✖ (silicon wafer electronics industry,metal, solar) People trasportation ✖ MEMC SILICON WAFER TRANSFORMATION AND USAGE Silicon wafer transformatione made by the customers ✖ (silicon wafer electronics industry,metal, solar) Chips usage ✖ Fotovoltaic cells usage ✖ Silicon steel for lamination usage ✖ Disposal of product contains silicon chip ✖ Disposal of packaging used to contain silicon wafers ✖ ✖ very significative ACTIVITIES FOR OUTSIDE COMUNITY ✖ significative Comunication/sensibilation ✖ ✖ not significative Economic and social contribution ✖

40 Environmental Improvement Actions: 11 “THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAM” Below is a report of the 2010 en- year. Wherever the result is dif- otherwise, achievement of the The following table presents the vironmental program, with the ferent from the value established target is confi rmed, indicating 2011-2014 environmental im- results obtained at the end of the in the target, the value is shown; completion of the action. provement program.

SUMMARY OF 2010 ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAM Action ObjectiveObjective Activities CodCodee Action TargetTarget DeadlineDeadline Status NORMAL CONDITIONS DIRECT ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS Energy consumption 1a Plant: 1a1 Reduction of factory’s specifi c energy consump- -5% December 2012 ✖ Reduction of energy modif. polishing tion by implementing engineering/factory energy consumption in the EPI consumption effi ciency project points of use Plants Plants 1a2 Defi nition of purchasing and tendering specifi ca- Reduction in June 2010 ✖ tions for high effi ciency motors (Decree 9 April energy 2008) consumption Plants 1a3 Assessment of SMC proposal for pneumatic Reduction in June 2010 ✖ system checks, and subsequent reduction in energy electricity consumption consumption Plants 1a4 Feasibility assessment of photovoltaic energy Reduct. energy December 2010 ✖ production by covering front of factory car park, consumption without own funds (Edison) 1800 MWh/year Modifi cation 1a5 Feasibility assessment of reducing post-lapping -105.350 June 2010 ✖ bank water consumption, using mains water Kwh/year instead of demineralised water, with subsequent energy saving on demineralised water production Plants 1a6 Installation of new chiller-cooling plant (Chilled -1800 Mwh/year December 2010 ✖ water consumption reduction (EE)) Plants 1a7 Compressed Air production effi ciency improv. -600 MWh/year December 2010 ✖

✖ Delayed o modifi ed action ✖ Completed action ✖ Cancelled action

41 SUMMARY OF 2010 ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAM Action ObjectiveObjective Activities CodCodee Action TargetTarget DeadlineDeadline Status NORMAL CONDITIONS DIRECT ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS Water consumption 2a Plant: 2a1 Reduction of factory’s specifi c energy consum- -40000 m3 December 2009 ✖ Reduction of water modif. polishing ption: of demineralised consumption 1st and EPI 1) completion of plan of corrective actions es- water 2nd layer Plants tablished in 2008 - ref utilities reduction team 2) monitoring of end of year results 3) verifi cation of the type of fl uid (demineralised water) used in the plant to assess replace- ment with mains water Consumption of auxiliary production materials 3a Plant: 3a1 Reduction of total technical gas consumption -15% December 2010 ✖ Reduction of auxiliary modif. polishing (N2) of the specifi c factory, by: production material EPI 1) completing plan of corrective actions defi ned consumption Plants in 2008 - ref utilities reduction team 2) monitoring end of year results

Wire Saw 3a2 Assessment of use of diamond wire on Wire Elimination of December 2010 ✖ Saw cutte use of silicon carbide

Plants 3a3 Assessment of internal H2 generation Reduction of June 2010 ✖ -Feasibility study- purchasing costs

Lapping 3a4 Spiking reduction on 150mm Vertical Etcher -17% April 2010 ✖

LappinLappingg 33a5a5 LappingLapping slurryslurry concentration or fl ow reductioreductionn December 20102010 ✖ PolishinPolishingg 33a6a6 MMk8k8 pad lilifetimefetime increase -20%-20% Reduction December 20102010 ✖ in wastewaste

PolishinPolishingg 3a3a77 SSlurrylurry reduction on Mk8Mk8 -20%-20% DecemberDecember 20102010 ✖ PAPASS 33a8a8 IPA recoverrecoveryy ((andand sellinselling)g) forfor internal useuse CompletionCompletion ofof December 20112011 ✖ veriverifi cacationtion of possibilitypossibility ofof recoveryrecovery DecemberDecember 20102010 LappinLappingg 3a3a99 Extension ofof lifelife time ofof ALSCALSC solutions fromfrom 8 to 12 h 73m3/y73m3/y DIW ✖

✖ Delayed o modifi ed action ✖ Completed action ✖ Cancelled action

42 SUMMARY OF 2010 ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAM Action Action TargetTarget DeadlineDeadline ObjectiveObjective Activities CodCodee Status NORMAL CONDITIONS DIRECT ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS Waste and fl uid drainage 4a - Optimisation Plants 4a1 Improvement of WWT management with control Average 24 h December 2010 ✖ of WWT operation of critical parameters (purchase of a continuous concentration and improvement analyser of incoming pollutants) of fl uorides of output parameter

PolishinPolishingg 55a3a3 EP slurryslurry reduction (150-200mm)(150-200mm) ReducReductiontion December 22010010 ✖ 10100,0000,000 m3 of slurryslurry Non-hazardous waste 5b - Reduction CCleaningleaning 55b1b1 RReductioneduction ofof packagingpackaging materials duringduring internal ReductionReduction in MMarcharch 22010010 ✖ of non-hazardous processeprocessess wastewaste waste for disposal 5c Plants 5b2 Mud improvement plan: Implementation December 2010 ✖ Improvement - reduction of dustiness of dried chemical-phy- of plan of waste sical muds: monthly check of the need to clean management container area - search for an alternative solution to the recovery and direct disposal of chemical-physical muds Lapping 5b3 Reuse of EdgeGuard Boxes Reduction in waste December 2010 ✖

Emissions into the atmosphere 6a Plants 6a1 Assessment of reduction of dustiness of dusty Reduction in December 2010 ✖ Reduction mud storage, by putting a cover over mud diffuse emission of diffuse containers of dust emissions Plants 6a2 Addition of piping for basic substances in the Reduction in December 2010 ✖ external glue preparation area diffuse emission of NH3

✖ Delayed o modifi ed action ✖ Completed action ✖ Cancelled action 43 SUMMARY OF 2010 ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAM Action ObjectiveObjective Activities CodCodee Action TargetTarget DeadlineDeadline Status NORMAL CONDITIONS DIRECT ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS

Ground contamination (past conditions)

Ozone depleting substances 8Sa Plants 8Sa1 Implementation of plan to replace Freon R22 Completion of December 2010 ✖ Reduction of poten- with non-ODC cooling fl uids replacement tial emissions of R22 plan (CDZ into atmosphere Replacement, Reception) EMERGENCY CONDITIONS INDIRECT ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS Water consumption 2(E)a Surface water 2(E)a1 Creation of an independent pumping tank Completion of December 2011 ✖ Guarantee necessa- consumption and station for fi re-fi ghting water action ry fi re-fi ghting water supply Ground contamination 7(E)a Handling of chemicals 7(E)a1 Upgrading chemical product loading-unloa- Completion of December 2010 ✖ Possible elimination ding areas action of contamination in UT 7(E)a2 Complete labelling of the factory’s internal Completion of December 2010 the event of acci- ✖ and external piping action dental spillage PAS 7(E)a3 New WWT mud storage fl oor - temporary Completion of December 2010 ✖ deposit (with container wall washing system) action

PAS 7(E)a4 Assessment of asphalt surfacing of ecologi- Completion of December 2010 ✖ cal station action

✖ Delayed o modifi ed action ✖ Completed action ✖ Cancelled action

44 2011-2014 ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAM Action ObjectiveObjective Activities CodCodee Action TargetTarget DeadlineDeadline NORMAL CONDITIONS DIRECT ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS Energy consumption 1a Plant: 1a1 Assessment and energy audit, to reduce specifi c energy -5% December 2013 Reduction in ener- Modif. consumption of factory, by implementing engineering/ gy consumption in Epitaxial factory energy consumption effi ciency Year 2011 POL/ the points used Polishing CLEAN Department Year 2012 MOD Department Year 2013 EPI Department

Plants 1a2 Install an inverter on production plants Total: - 32000kwh/y December 2011

Plants 1a3 Optimise CDZ -10000 kwh/y December 2011 (MAU 5 shutdown+division into compartments)

Water consumption 2a Plant: 2a1 Reduction of factory’s specifi c water consumption: -40000 m3 of December 2011 Reduction of water Modif. 1) completion of corrective action plan established demineralised water consumption from Epitaxial in 2008 1st and 2nd onsite Polishing 2) monitoring of end of year results achieved wells 3) verify type of fl uid used (demineralised water) in the plant, to assess replacement with well water Consumption of auxiliary production materials 3a Plant: 3a1 Reduction of total technical gas consumption (N2) of the -15% December 2011 Reduction of Modif. specifi c factory, by: auxiliary Epitaxial 1) updating the corrective action plan established in 2008 production material Polishing - ref team utilities reduction consumption Plants 2) Assessment of neutralisation Nitrogen replacement EPI area

Wire Saw 3a2 Assessment of diamond wire on wire saw cutter Reduction of use of silicon July 2011 carbide

Plants 3a3 H2 internal general assessment -Feasibility study- Reduction of purchasing costs December 2011

Lapping 3a4 Lapping slurry concentration or fl ow reduction Reduction of abrasive December 2011 consumption

Polishing 3a5 Slurry reduction on Mk8 -20% June 2011

45 2011-2014 ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAM Action ObjectiveObjective Activities CodCodee Action TargetTarget DeadlineDeadline NORMAL CONDITIONS DIRECT ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS Consumption of auxiliary production materials 3a Wire Saw 3a6 Assessment of use of mains water instead of deminerali- December 2011 Reduction of sed water in the FISA tanks after diamond wire cut auxiliary production material EPI 3a7 Modifi cation of the metrological process, and subsequent Reduction about 3t/y December 2011 consumption reduction in HF use of 49% with CV-meter of HF 49%

PAS 3a8 IPA recovery (and selling) for internal use Completion of recovery and December 2011 sale possibility check

Waste and fl uid drainage 4a Plants 4a1 Improvement of wwt management with control of critical Average 24 h concentration December 2010 Optimise WWT parameters (purchase of continuous analyser of fl uorides

Hazardous waste 5a Lapping 5a1 Phosphoric-Nitric Acid Etchant Recycling Reduction of waste December 2011 Reduce hazardous -Feasibility study- waste Plants 5a2 Replacement of dielectric in Transformer 2 Reduction of hazardous waste December 2011

Non-hazardous waste 5b Cleaning 5b1 Reuse of EdgeGuard Boxes Reduction of waste December 2011 Reduce non- hazardous waste Polishing 5b2 Mk8 pad lifetime increase -20% reduction of waste May 2011 for disposal

5c Plants 5c1 Mud improvement plan: Implementation of plan December 2010 Improve waste - reduction of dustiness of dried, chemical-physical management muds: monthly check of need to clean container area - look for alternative solution to recovery or direct disposal of chemical-physical muds

46 2011-2014 ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAM Action ObjectiveObjective Activities CodCodee Action TargetTarget DeadlineDeadline NORMAL CONDITIONS DIRECT ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS Emissions into the atmosphere 6a Plants 6a1 Feasibility assessment of photovoltaic energy production Reduction CO2 emissions December 2012 Reduce diffuse by covering front of factory car park and rear of factory 1800 MWh/year emissions car park, without own funds (Corporate Action)

Plants 6a2 Adaptation of the scrubber of TCS Vent Reduction of piped exhausts December 2011 and EPI reactor Vent

Plants 6a3 Addition of piping for basic substances in the external Reduction of NH3 diffuse December 2012 glue preparation area emission

Ground contamination (past conditions)

Ozone depleting substances 8Sa - Reduce Plants 8Sa1 Implementation of plan to replace Freon R22 Completion of replacement December 2011 potential emissions with non-ODC cooling fl uids plan (Fan-coil) of R 22 into atm.

EMERGENCY CONDITIONS INDIRECT ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS Water consumption 2(E) a Surface 2(E)a1 Creation of an independent pumping tank and station for Completion of action December 2011 Guarantee neces- water fi re-fi ghting water sary fi re-fi ghting consumption water supplies

Ground contamination 7(E)a Handling of 7(E)a1 Upgrading chemical product loading-unloading areas Completion of action December 2012 Eliminate possible chemicals contamination in the event of U.T. 7(E)a2 Complete labelling of the factory’s internal and external Completion of action December 2011 accidental spillage piping, with reference to the 5S actions relating to Plants

PAS 7(E)a3 Creation of a new cover over the WWT mud storage Completion of action December 2013 fl oor - temporary depot (with container wall washing system)

PAS 7(E)a4 Assessment of asphalt surfacing of ecological station Completion of action December 2013

47 Free translation of abstract from Next annual validation will be per- 1st Edition - October 2011 Environmental Statement vali- formed within 2012 in relation to dated by Environmental Verifier the year 2011. Graphic project: www.julita.it ERM Certification and Verification Services (Accredition number: For any request of information All rights riservated. UK-V-0031) 33St Mary Axe, consult the responsable of the London EC3A 8LL and appro- task force tel: +39 0321- 334.424 ved by Italian Competent Body Novara plant referring: 04/08/2011. [email protected] On March 13, 2012 the Committee for the Ecolabel and Ecoaudit approved the renewal of registra- tion No. IT-000123 valid until May 20, 2014.

48 MEMC Electronic Materials S.p.A.

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