Jefferson County Shoreline Master Program Update Project Ecology Grant # G0600343
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JEFFERSON COUNTY SHORELINE MASTER PROGRAM UPDATE PROJECT ECOLOGY GRANT # G0600343 Final Shoreline Inventory and Characterization Report – Revised November 2008 Prepared for: Jefferson County Department of Community Development Prepared by: ESA Adolfson in association with Coastal Geologic Services, Inc. Shannon & Wilson, Inc Jefferson County Final Shoreline Inventory and Characterization Report – Revised November 2008 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 2 This document was prepared with guidance from a Shoreline Technical Advisory Committee 3 (STAC) and Shoreline Policy Advisory Committee (SPAC). The County gratefully 4 acknowledges the committee members for contributing to this effort. STAC Members: SPAC Members: Hans Daubenberger Al Bergstein (alt. Cyrilla Cook) Hugh Shipman, Al Latham Jeffree Stewart Aleta Erickson (alt. Randy Johnson) Jill Silver Bill Mahler (alt. Bill Brock) Jim Brennan Bill Miller John Cambalik Connie Muggli Marty Ereth David Roberts (alt. Hugo Flores) Michael Adams (alt. Anne Murphy) Dick Broders Peter Bahls (Jude Rubin) Eveleen Muehlethaler (alt. Frank Espy/Alice Peter Best McConaughy) Randi Thurston (alt. Jeff Davis) Hans Daubenberger (alt. Steve Todd) Richard Brocksmith (alt. Scott Brewer) Jeffree Stewart Stephen Stanley (alt. Susan Grigsby) Jerry Gorsline Steve Allison John Cambalik Steve Todd Johnathon Ciesla Yvonne Dettlaff Judy Surber Karen Best (alt. Kevin Tuuri) Keith Dublanica Larry Crockett (alt Eric Toewes) Margie Shirato (alt. Randi Thurston/Jeff Davis) Marty Ereth Mike McHenry Peter Downey Ross Goodwin Sarah Krueger (alt. Reed Waite) Scott Brewer (alt Richard Brocksmith) Steve Allison (alt. Bob Howell/Tim Snowden) 5 The County also gratefully acknowledges the following for their contributions to this effort: 6 • Battelle’s Marine Sciences Laboratory - Heida Diefenderfer and her colleagues for 7 providing detailed information on the ecology of the nearshore environment as part of 8 their effort to rank and prioritize nearshore restoration opportunities. 9 • Ecology - Stephen Stanley, Susan Grigsby for contributing information, maps, and data 10 and providing technical guidance in assessing and characterizing watershed conditions in 11 eastern Jefferson County. 12 • Neil Harrington for researching and compiling much of the baseline inventory 13 information for the County’s original 2005 Shoreline Inventory and Analysis Report. November 2008 page i Jefferson County Final Shoreline Inventory and Characterization Report – Revised November 2008 1 Cover photo: Kala Point, eatern Jefferson County. Courtesy of the 2 Washington Department of Ecology Shoreline Aeial Photos at http://apps.ecy.wa.gov/shorelinephotos/index.html page ii November 2008 Jefferson County Final Shoreline Inventory and Characterization Report – Revised November 2008 ACRONYMNS BPA Bonneville Power Administration NWI National Wetland Inventory DPS Distinct Population Segment OHWM ordinary high water mark cfs cubic feet per second ONP Olympic National Park CGS Coastal Geologic Services ONF Olympic National Forest CMZ channel migration zone PAHs polychlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons DEM Digital elevation model PCBs Polychlorinated biphenyls Ecology Washington State Department of PHS Priority Habitats and Species Ecology EPA U.S. Environmental Protection PNPTC Point No Point Treaty Council Agency ESU Evolutionarily Significant Unit RCW Revised Code of Washington °F degrees Fahrenheit RM river mile FEMA Federal Emergency Management ROS rain-on-snow Agency GIS Geographic Information Systems SASSI Salmon and Steelhead Inventory HCMZ historic channel migration zones SCS Soil Conservation Service IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on SED Shoreline Environment Climate Change Designation km kilometer SMA Shoreline Management Act LWD Large Woody Debris SMP Shoreline Master Program mg/L milligrams per liter SSRFB State Salmon Recovery Funding Board MHHW Mean Higher High Water USFS United States Forest Service MLLW Mean Lower Low Water USGS United States Geological Survey MRC Marine Resources Committee USFWS United States Fish and Wildlife Service NOSC North Olympic Salmon WAC Washington Administrative Commission Code NPDES National Pollutant Discharge WDFW Washington Department of Fish Elimination System and Wildlife NPL National Priorities List WDNR Washington Department of Natural Resources November 2008 page iii Jefferson County Final Shoreline Inventory and Characterization Report – Revised November 2008 NRC Nodal Riparian Corridor WDOH Washington Department of Health NRCA Natural Resource Conservation WFPB Washington Forest Practices Area Board NRCS Natural Resources Conservation WRIA Water Resource Inventory Area Service NSE Nearshore and Estuarine page iv November 2008 Jefferson County Shoreline Inventory and Characterization Report – Revsied November 2008 TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgment.......................................................................................................................................... i Acronyms....................................................................................................................................................iii Table of Contents ........................................................................................................................................ v 1.0 Introduction....................................................................................................................................1-1 1.1 Report Purpose.........................................................................................................................1-1 1.2 Background and Limitations....................................................................................................1-1 1.2.1 Mapping................................................................................................................................... 1-3 1.3 Regulatory Overview ...............................................................................................................1-4 1.3.1 Jefferson County Shoreline Master Program........................................................................... 1-4 1.3.2 Shoreline Jurisdiction and Definitions..................................................................................... 1-5 1.3.2.1 County Shorelines......................................................................................................... 1-5 1.3.2.2 Shorelands..................................................................................................................... 1-6 1.3.2.3 County Shorelines of Statewide Significance ............................................................... 1-6 1.3.2.4 Potential Shorelines Not Designated by WAC 173-18 or 173-20................................. 1-7 2.0 Methods...........................................................................................................................................2-1 2.1 Data and Information Sources..................................................................................................2-1 2.2 Analysis of Ecosystem-wide Processes ...................................................................................2-1 2.2.1 Marine (Nearshore) Shorelines................................................................................................ 2-9 2.2.2 Freshwater Shorelines.............................................................................................................2-10 2.2.2.1 Step 1 – Identify Aquatic Resources and their Contributing Areas ............................ 2-10 2.2.2.2 Step 2 – Identify Key Processes.................................................................................. 2-11 2.2.2.3 Step 3 – Identify and Map Process-intensive Areas.................................................... 2-11 2.2.2.4 Step 4 – Identify and Map Process Alterations........................................................... 2-12 2.3 Shoreline Reach-scale Inventory ...........................................................................................2-13 2.3.1 Marine (Nearshore) Reaches ..................................................................................................2-13 2.3.2 Freshwater Reaches ................................................................................................................2-14 3.0 Ecosystem Characterization and Ecosystem-wide Processes.....................................................3-1 3.1 Regional Overview ..................................................................................................................3-2 3.2 Overview of Key Species and Habitats in Jefferson County ...................................................3-5 3.2.1 Threatened and Endangered Species and Critical Habitats ..................................................... 3-6 3.2.1.1 Salmonids...................................................................................................................... 3-8 3.2.2 Nearshore Habitats and Species............................................................................................... 3-9 3.2.2.1 Eelgrass and Kelp ......................................................................................................... 3-9 3.2.2.2 Shellfish Resources..................................................................................................... 3-10 3.2.2.3 Forage Fish ................................................................................................................. 3-12 3.2.2.4 Marine Mammals.......................................................................................................