the

U. S. DEPARTMENT OF NovembeRecordr 7, 1972 HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE Vol. XXIV, No. 23 NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH

Annual Freund Seminar Nobelists Stein, Moore NIH'ers Gve Warm Ovation Dr. Anfinsen Is Nobelist; Receive Support From To Nobelist, Dr. C. Anfinsen To Feature Dr. Thomas When he walked upon the Third Scientist at NIH As Speaker on Nov. 17 General Med. Sciences stage of the Jack Masur Audi- Drs. William H. Stein and Stan- torium, Dr. Christian B. Anfin- Honored as Laureate ford Moore, winners with NIA- sen received a warm standing Dr. Christian B. Anfinsen of the MDD's Dr. Christian Anfinsen of ovation from fellow scientists National Institute of Arthritis, the 1972 Nobel Prize for Chem- and NIH'ers. Metabolism, and Digestive Diseases istry, have contributed greatly to Praising the Nobelist and and two other American scientists the explanation of basic principles Dr. Robert Gordon, Jr., were awarded the Nobel Prize in relating the chemical structure of NIAMDD clinical director and Chemistry for their research into enzymes to their biological func- a recent co-winner of the the structure and function of the tion. Stouffer Prize, NIH Director enzyme ribonuclease. The work by Professors Stein Dr. Robert Q. Marston said, Dr. Anfinsen will share the cov- and Moore and 10 research asso- "These awards . . . are strong eted prize with Drs. Stanford ciates at Rockefeller University testimonials to the importance Moore and William H. Stein of has been aided continuously over of maintaining a rich environ- Rockefeller University. the past 12 years by grants from ment for the search for vital the National Institute of General new knowledge." Heads NIAMDD Lab Medical Sciences which total ap- Dr. Marston quoted part of Dr. Anfinsen, chief of the Lab- proximately $1 million. a letter sent to Dr. Anfinsen oratory of Chemical , NIA- Their investigations, focusing by HEW Secretary Elliot L. MDD, is the third scientist at NIH mainly on the enzyme ribonuclease, Richardson. "All in the De- to win a Nobel Prize during the Dr. Thomas is the author of Notes have—with those of Dr. Anfinsen— partment of Health, Education, last 5 years. of a Biology-Watcher, a column that firmly established that the specific and Welfare take the deepest The first was awarded to Dr. . appears regularly in the "New Eng- catalytic action of an enzyme is pride in your work . . . public Marshall W. Nirenberg of the Na- land Journal of Medicine."—Photo not determined by the linear se- service at its best. . . ." tional Heart and Lung Institute in by Alburtus-Yale News Bureau quence of its amino acid building After several other speeches blocks, but stems from precise in his honor, Dr. Anfinsen ^ Dr. Lewis Thomas, dean of the molecular binding properties cre- came to the podium, paused, Yale University School of Medi- ated by spontaneous folding of the and said, "Underneath this cine, will present the Twelfth An- enzyme into its natural, three-di- suave massive exterior, I'm nual Jules Freund Memorial Sem- mensional configuration. shivering like a bowl of jelly." inar on Friday, Nov. 17, at 1 p.m., Knowledge of ribonuclease as one He thanked the Swedish in the Jack Masur Auditorium. of thousands of enzymes involved Academy for its honor, his col- He will discuss Mycoplasmas as in human biological processes is leagues for their assistance, Candidates for Vascular Pathogen- important because of its key role the audience for attending, and icity. in digestion. left the podium during another Dr. Thomas—whose research in- Secreted largely in the pancreas, standing ovation. terests now focus on infectious dis- it flows to the small intestine and eases and cellular immunity—re- breaks down diverse forms of ani- Applicants for Study ceived training in neurology and mal and plant ribonucleic acids or internal medicine after earning the RNA's present in ingested foods. In Soviet Contact NAS M.D. degree cum laude from Har- Scientists who wish to engage vard University Medical School in in research in the Soviet Union 1937. during the 1973-74 academic year His research career began in may apply to the National Acad- 1941 as a Tilney Memorial research emy of Sciences. NAS has an ex- fellow at Thorndike Memorial Lab- change agreement with the Acad- At the press conference on the cam- oratory in Boston City Hospital. emy of Sciences of the USSR. pus. Dr. Anfinsen faces cameras, Five years later he entered the Scientists with doctoral degrees newspaper people, television crews field of medical education, joining may apply, although emphasis un- and his NIH friends and colleagues. the Johns Hopkins University der the program is on researchers School of Medicine as assistant with special interests in the social 1968. He was honored for his basic professor of pediatrics. Dr. Moore Dr. Stein and behavioral sciences which focus research which resulted in "crack- Dr. Thomas had been associated on individual and group behavior. ing the genetic code." with the schools of medicine at General of the Army, president of Visits under the exchange pro- The second was given to Dr. Tulane University, University of the medical board of Bellevue Hos- gram are for 3 to 12 months; sci- Julius Axelrod of the National In- Minnesota, and New York Univer- pital in New York City, consultant entists are compensated for loss of stitute of Mental Health in 1970, sity, before joining Yale Univer- to the Manhattan Veterans Admin- salary up to $1,500 a month during for his research into the chemistry sity School of Medicine in 1969 as istration Hospital, and dean of the their stay in the Soviet country. of nerve transmission. professor and chairman of the De- N.Y.U. School of Medicine. Round-trip air transportation, The current three Nobelists were partment of Pathology. He has also been a member of housing, transportation within the cited by the Karolinska Institute Other positions he has held in- the National Advisory Child Health USSR, medical services and a liv- in Stockholm for their "funda- clude: consultant to the Surgeon (See DR. THOMAS, Page 7) (See RESEARCHERS IN USSR, Page 6) (See DR. ANFINSEN, Page 5) Page 2 November 7, 1972 THE NIH RECORD Health Benefits Plans 'Open Season For Fed'I Employees Begins Next Week An "Open Season" for the Federal Employees Health Benefits Pro- gram begins Nov. 15 and ends Nov. 30. Record Eligible employees may register to enroll in a plan, or those already enrolled may change their plan, option, type of enrollment, or any com- Published biweekly at Bethesda, Md., by the Publications and Reports bination of these. Branch, Office of Information, for the information of employees of the Nine plans are available to NIH 1972 1973 National Institutes of Health, Department of Health, Education, and employees. The three general plans INDEMNITY BENEFIT PLAN Welfare, and circulated by request to interested writers and to investi- are Government-wide Service Ben- (Aetna) gators in the field of biomedical and related research. The content is efit Plan (Blue Cross-Blue Shield), Self, high option $ 6.00 $ 5.26 reprintable without permission. Pictures are available on request. Government-wide Indemnity Bene- Self, low option 2.68 2.54 The NIH Record reserves the right to make corrections, changes or dele- fit Plan (Aetna Life Insurance Family, high option 14.78 12.88 tions in submitted copy in conformity with the policies of the paper and Family, low option 6.40 6.08 the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. Co.), and Group Health Association Plan of Washington, D.C. SERVICE BENEFIT PLAN NIH Record Office Bldg. 31, Rm. 2B-03. Phone 49-62125 Other plans include American (Blue Cross-Blue Shield) Federation of Government Em- Self, high option 7.27 5.91 Editor Frances W. Davis ployees Health Benefit Plan, Al- liance Health Benefit Plan, Ameri- Self, low option 2.40 2.04 Assistant Editor Fay Leviero can Postal Workers Union Plan, Family, high option 17.50 14.11 Staff Writer Ed Driseoll Government Employees Hospital Family, low option 5.88 4.99 Staff Correspondents Association Benefit Plan, and Mail GROUP HEALTH ASSOCIATION Handlers Health Benefit Plan. ADA, Robert Manning; BHME/OD, Florence Foelak; CC, Ann Bain- OF WASHINGTON, D.C. bridge; DAHM, Laura Mae Kress; DORT, Joan Chase; DDH, Carolyn In order to enroll in one of these, Self, high option 8.47 8.22 -< Niblett; DMI, Marian R. Fox; DN, Evelyn Lazzari; DPHPE, Eleanor one must be a member of the spon- Self, low option 4.93 4.68 Wesolowski; DRG, Sue Meadows; DRR, Jerry Gordon; DRS, Cora soring organization. Family, high option 21.79 21.10 M. Suit; FIC, Lois P. Meng; NCI, Elizabeth Shollenberger; NEI, Or an employee may enroll in Family, low option 13.12 12.43 Bonnie Friedman; NHLI, Bill Sanders; NIAID, Krin Larson; NIAMDD, the local group practice pre-pay- Information on new biweekly Irving Shapiro; NICHD, Lloyd Blevins; NIDR, Sue Hannon; NIEHS, ment plan, the Columbia Medical premiums of other plans will be Elizabeth Y. James; NIGMS, Wanda Warddell; NINDS, Carolyn Hol- Plan of Columbia, Md. available from Registration As- stein; NLM, Ann R. Lindsay. An envelope containing revised sistants during the "Open Season." brochures of the three general plans plus a new booklet, entitled George Brandner Dies; NIH Television, Radio Information to Consider in Choosing Program Schedule a Health Plan, is being distributed Recent NCI Retiree early this month. George A. Brandner, who retired Radio Members of an employee organ- last January as chief of the Na- DISCUSSION: NIH ization or union sponsoring a tional Cancer Institute's Research WGMS, AM—570—FM Stereo health benefits plan will be mailed Contracts Branch, died Oct. 16 af- 103.5—Friday about 2:30 p.m. a revised brochure directly from ter suffering a heart attack aboard the Civil Service Commission. November 10 his boat on Chesapeake Bay. Pamphlets describing other plans At the time of his death, Mr. John A. Braun, chief, Physician's may be obtained from B/I/D per- Brandner was an administrative Assistant Staff, BHME sonnel offices. officer with Universities Associated Subject: Physician's Assistant Increased benefits of all plans— for Research and Education in November 17 guaranteed through December 1973 Pathology, Inc. Dr. Emilie A. Black, chief, Clin- —are shown in the new brochures. He was a graduate of Columbia ical Sciences Program, NIGMS Registration procedures will be University's American Institute of Subject: Trauma announced when these booklets are Banking, and worked for the Chase distributed. Interview takes place during the Manhattan Bank before serving in program Listener's Choice. Registration Assistants will help the Army in World War II. employees to complete forms and Later he became training and Television will answer questions. Their names placement officer for the old Mt. ISSUES Warren V. Powell (I), chief of the and locations will be posted on Alto Veterans Hospital in Wash- WRC-TV (Channel 4), Sunday, Biological Control Section, Environ- official bulletin boards and will be ington, D.C. mental Services Branch, DRS, is con- available in personnel offices. 11 a.nii In 1948 Mr. Brandner joined the gratulated by Dr. Joe R. Held, DRS The biweekly premium rates for National Institute of Arthritis and November 19 Director, on being awarded the PHS the three major plans are com- Metabolic Diseases as assistant Dr. Philip Gorden, Section on Commendation Medal for his efforts pared: administrative officer, transferring Diabetes and Intermediary Me- in developing NIH's Environmental to NCI in 1955. tabolism, NIAMDD —one of Control Program and establishing pro- Jessie M. Scott Describes During his 30 years of service several panelists cedures for identification and control with the Federal Government, Mr. Subject: Diabetes of biohazards. Important Nursing Gains Brandner held several administra- An article by Jessie M. Scott, tive posts in which he was respon- Bache Clinic Needs Volunteer Physicians for Pediatric Services Director, Division of Nursing, sible for research contracts and The Bache Free Clinic is inter- Church, 6701 Wisconsin Avenue, BHME, cites the achievements in grants operations. ested in developing a "well-baby" Bethesda, is staffed by volunteer nursing because of Federal aid to He is survived by his wife, Ceci, clinic and other pediatric services. physicians, nurses, pharmacists, students and schools of nursing. of 7105 Roslyn Ave., Derwood, Md., Volunteer pediatricians are needed lab technicians, and clerical It is published in the October a son, George S., of Arlington, and for these services which are in the help. issue of the American Journal of a sister, Grace Schwinn, of Hights- planning stage. It is open on Sunday, Tuesday, Nursing—the publication of the town, N.J. Also, because of the Spanish- and Thursday evenings from 7 to American Nurses' Association. speaking community in Bethesda, 10 p.m. For further information, The illustrated article, entitled and explains DN activities in cur- the services of volunteer bilingual call Dr. Herbert Y. Reynolds in Federal Support for Nursing Edu- rent nursing legislation. physicians are required. the daytime at 496-4963; evenings cation—1964 to 1971, describes the For a copy write to: DN, 9000 The clinic, located in the base- at 530-8824; or call the clinic num- increase in the nursing profession, Rockville Pike, Bethesda, Md. ment of St, John's Episcopal ber in the evenings: 656-3222. improvement in nursing education, 20014. THE NIR RECORD November 7, 1972 Page 3 Louise Anderson Heads PEF Relies on Your Support—Donate New Branch at HEW To Davis Plan in Place of Holiday Cards On Two Shifts in Louise C. Anderson, chief of the Clinical Center patients required more than $30,000 in financial assist- A new law governing Wage Clinical Center Nursing Depart- ance for non-medical emergency expenses last year, according to Barbara Grade pay will affect NIH em- ment since 1964, has accepted a A. Murphy, acting chief of the CC Social Work Department and admini- ployees in two stages—on Nov. 26, position in the Office of the Secre- trator of the Patient Emergency employees on the second shift (3 tary, HEW. Fund. p.m. to midnight) will receive a She heads a newly formed And the Fund, established in 73,4 percent shift differential and Health Manpower Development 1953, was able to provide that employees on the third shift (11 Branch in the Division of Commis- help. PEF relies entirely on vol- p.m. to 8 a.m.) will receive a 10 sioned Personnel, Office of Person- untary support—especially from percent differential. nel and Training. NIH employees. Law Cited Strengthens Training In 1959, James B. Davis, Direc- The new branch was established tor of the Office of Administrative The law also gives employees to strengthen the training, develop- Services, started a tradition—the who are reduced in grade through ment, and career planning for offi- Davis Plan — employees make a reduction in force 2 years' pay at cers of the PHS Commissioned donation to the Emergency Fund the higher grade. rather than send holiday greeting When the Economic Stabilization Corps. Mrs. Anderson holds the Knowing that her mother is not too rank of Nurse Director (equivalent cards to each other. The Plan pro- Act of 1970 expires or on April vided nearly one-third of the far away helps a young patient. The 30, 1973—whichever comes first—a to Navy captain) in the Corps. Patient Emergency Fund is often During her tenure, the CC Nurs- Fund's income last year. 5-step pay schedule will replace the Expenditures from the emergen- asked to financially assist a relative present 3-step one for non-super- cy fund are often small—the cost who wishes to remain near the CC visory employees. of postcards and stamps or long while the patient is hospitalized. The Civil Service Commission distance telephone calls home. Through the Davis Plan YOU can has yet to determine the conver- Some are larger—a patient's rela- help that wish come true. sion rates for present employees. tive may need funds for room and plan that he evolved. However, no employee will advance board in order to remain in the A booklet, A Gift that Lasts more than one step through con- area and visit the patient. through the Year, which further version. Explains Plan describes the work of the Patient Waiting periods for the new Mr. Davis explained that his Emergency Fund, is available from steps will be 26 weeks in step 1, Plan gives employees an oppor- the CC Social Work Department, 78 weeks in step 2, and 104 weeks tunity to "lend a helping hand." Bldg. 10, Ext. 64503. in steps 3 and 4. Because of the stepped-up attack on cancer and heart diseases, ad- missions to the CC have already in- First CFC Campaign Report Reveals creased. Other factors which even- tually will lead to admitting addi- DRG and FIC Running Neck and Neck tional patients and outpatients in- clude a new child health wing and First returns on NIH contributions to the Combined Federal Cam- renovations in the west wing clinic. paign show that the Division of Research Grants and the Fogarty Inter- Many of these patients may need national Center have exceeded 98 percent of their dollar goals. Last year, in recognition of her ac- financial assistance, and for this Figures for the 2-week reporting complishment at the CC, Mrs. Ander- reason Mr. Davis is urging all period indicate that NIH has tributions for the same period last son was awarded the PHS Meritorious raised $94,643, 38 percent of its year. Service Medal. employees to participate in the 1972-73 goal of $251,000. Total em- While running neck and neck in ing Department established a num- Dr. Richard Hayes Named ployee participation thus far is 25 dollar goal percentage, DRG ber of progressive developments, percent. achieved 80 percent employee par- including the position of clinical NIDR Special Assistant Dr. Kenneth M. Endicott, BHME ticipation, FIC reached 54 per- nurse expert—employees in this ca- Dr. Richard L. Hayes has been Director, who is CFC Vice Chair- cent. pacity are consultants in special- named special assistant for Oral man, complimented the DRG and Close behind the two front-run- ized areas who work with nurses. Cancer Activities—a newly created FIC staff for their "extraordinary" ners, the National Institute of Gen- Hospitals throughout the country position in the National Institute performance. eral Medical Sciences attained 89 have copied this innovation. of Dental Research's Extramural He noted that the dollar total percent of its dollar goal, with 56 Mrs. Anderson initiated the Programs. received to date far exceeds con- percent employee participation. Nursing Care Conference mono- In collaboration with NCI, Dr. graph series—considered a signifi- Hayes will evaluate ongoing re- cant contribution to nursing litera- search and training programs, and ture. determine gaps and weaknesses Awarded PHS Medal which need attention. Last year, because of her accom- Dr. Hayes holds the D.D.S. de- plishments at NIH, Mrs. Anderson gree from the University of Mich- was awarded the PHS Meritorious igan, and an M.P.H. from Johns Service Medal. Hopkins University. Mrs. Anderson came to the OC in 1955 as assistant chief of the Mrs. Anderson received a B. Sc. Nursing Department. Before that in nursing education from Simmons she held a number of teaching and College, and her M.S. degree from administrative posts in universities the University of . She and hospitals. is a graduate of Massachusetts She was director of nursing at General Hospital Training School Allegheny General Hospital in for Nurses. Pittsburgh, and taught at Du- Mrs. Anderson has authored a quesne University, St. Luke's Hos- number of articles on the nursing pital in Cleveland, Allegheny Gen- profession in administrative and eral Hospital in Pittsburgh, and research roles which have appeared Thomas C. Leffingwell, CFC coordinator for FIC, shows Sandy R. Oliphant, Simmons College in Boston. in professional journals. DRG kcyman, how their units are racing ahead toward their goal. Page 4 November 7, 1972 THE NIH RECORD Applications Accepted Booklet Explains Project Scientists Produce Lung Cancer in Rats For DRR Minority Grants To Recruit Young People New applications for Minority By Using Products of Cigarette Smoke For Nursing Professions Schools Biomedical Support grants A team of scientists at the National Cancer Institute has succeeded in ™ for fiscal year 1973 are being ac- Four brochures on Youth Oppor- producing lung cancer in rats by exposing them to products of cigarette cepted up to Dec. 1 by the General tunities Unlimited in Nursing have smoke. Research Support Branch, Division been issued by the Division of Dr. Mearl F. Stanton, Eliza Miller, Constance Wrench, and Robert of Research Resources. Nursing. Blackwell describe their new tech- • Institutions with ethnic minority The pamphlets, based on a proj- nique in a paper, "Experimental ing in place but allowing the con- student enrollment of 50 percent or ect undertaken by the American Induction of Epidermoid Carcino- densate to gradually leak out. more are qualified to apply. This Nurses' Association under a DN ma in the Lungs of Rats with Gig- Using this method, 348 rats were program, which was initiated in contract, explain that the nursing arette Smoke Condensate," pub- exposed to the cigarette tar. June of this year, is designed to profession needs young people who lished in the current issue strengthen the capabilities for bio- know about life in the inner-city. During the first 2 years of the in such institu- ot the Journal of the National Can- study) lung cancer or precancerous tions of higher learning. They also point out that nurses cer Institute. changes had occurred in 120 of the and community leaders need to help For the first time, the scientists 156 rats that had died. Over half Use of Funds Explained inner-city students meet nursing have developed a method in which of the experimental rats are still Funds may be used by the in- school entrance requirements. tobacco products consistently pro- alive and their lung condition is stitutions for a broad range of Individual brochures are entitled duce in experimental animals the not yet known. purposes, including support of fac- Making It In Nursing; Others lung cancer that occurs most com- Of 143 rats treated with beeswax ulty release time for research, bio- Have Done It—Why Not YOU?; monly in humans. alone, or with a pellet containing medical research programs, salar- Group Leadership Guidelines, and Early Research Described pulverized unsmoked tobacco or ies of research personnel, research Program Guide. For free copies of In the paper, Dr. Stanton and cigarette ash, only two showed training programs, research re- the brochures write to DN, NIH, colleagues describe experiments in signs of precancerous changes. sources, and consortia biomedical Bethesda, Md. 20014. which lung cancer in rats was According to Dr. Stanton, the programs. A color film, "Nursing Scene," a caused by exposing them to the experiment indicates that develop- Information about the program part of the ANA project, encour- product of only five cigarettes. ment of lung cancer requires long- and application forms may be re- ages minority members towards Research on lung cancer has term exposure to cigarette smoke quested from the General Research nursing careers. It is available on been severely hampered by the dif- products. Humans usually smoke Support Branch, (301) 4&6-674S, free loan from the National Audio- ficulty of producing the disease in for many years before they develop Division of Research Resources, visual Center, Washington, D. C. laboratory animals, where it could lung cancer. NIH, Bethesda, Md. 20014. 20409. be closely studied. The slow leaking of the cancer- Attempts to produce the disease causing substances from the bees- in animal lungs by forced cigarette wax pellet into the rat's surround- NLM Honors Louis Pasteur With Lobby Exhibit smoke inhalation have had slight ing lung tissue may well mimic the success, perhaps because most ani- continuous exposure of heavy mals have better physiological smokers to cigarettes, he said. r I means of protecting their lungs than humans. Future Use Noted Other techniques of applying The new beeswax-cigarette tar cigarette tar directly to the lungs technique is expected to be useful h had previously been tried, but the in testing various cigarette prod- number of cancers produced was ucts for cancer-causing activity. very low. Dr. Stanton plans to apply the In the NCI experiments, the to- technique to test various fractions bacco product used as a cancer- of cigarette smoke condensate in causing agent was obtained by con- an attempt to pinpoint specific sub- densing cigarette smoke at a low stances which may be responsible. temperature. He also expects that the method The whole condensate, or a frac- will be used in testing experimental tion of it, was mixed with beeswax cigarettes, now being developed and heated until soft enough to be under contracts with NCI, which injected into the rats' lungs. may prove to be less hazardous to When it cooled-to body tempera- man than cigarettes now on the ture, a solid pellet formed, remain- market. "In the sciences, certain persons have convictions, others have only opinions. Conviction supposes proof; opinion generally rests upon hypothesis." L. Pasteur, Paris, 5 May 1886 (manuscript in the NLM collection). The National Library of Medi- Among the materials are some cine honors the achievements of of his most significant articles pub- the distinguished investigator, lished in the Comptes Rendus Louis Pasteur, on the 150th anni- (Proceedings) of the Academie des versary of his birth in an exhibit Sciences—his first paper on fer- which will continue until Feb. 4, mentation (1858) and his first re- 1973. port on rabies treatment. Selected books and manuscripts The exhibit also includes proto- from the Library's collections, il- types of glassware that Pasteur lustrating Pasteur's contributions used in his laboratory; a 20-foot to science and human welfare, are linear display delineating his scien- on display in the NLM lobby. tific work, and a rich assortment of Of particular interest are the pictorial material loaned by the numerous manuscripts in his own Pasteur Institute in Paris. hand—drafts of papers, letters, "Louis Pasteur, 1822-1895" is on speeches, and reports prepared in display during the Library's regu- his varied capacities as scientist lar hours: Monday-Friday, 8:30 and researcher, educational admin- a.m. to 9 p.m., and Saturday, 8:30 istrator, and patriot. a.m. to 5 p.m. (closed Sundays). Pasteur dictates to his wife at their villa in Ponr-Gisquet, France, about 1867. THE NIH RECORD November 7, 1972 Page 5

Dr. Anfinsen smilingly went through the sequence of events starting from the quickly massed to offer congratulations. A 1:30 p.m. press conference was moment of hearing the news of his selection as a Nobel Prize winner: The arranged. Dr. Marston flew in from Cleveland to attend, the conference room, scientist was in his lab performing column chromotography on a protein mix- soon to be crowded, was set up with lights and cameras. After the conference, ture when he was asked to accept a call in his office—it was a reporter with the internationally acclaimed biochemist sat at his desk to call and congratulate the news that the researcher was to share the Nobel Prize in chemistry. "I Drs. Moore and Stein with whom he is sharing the prize. The 3 outstanding can't believe it," he exclaimed. Within minutes his colleagues and friends chemists often discuss the progress of their work with the enzyme, ribonuclease. and then allowing the chain of DR. ANFINSEN amino acids to spontaneously fold. David Tilson Is Named First Conference Held (Continued from Page 1) The synthesis of ribonuclease For Spanish-Surnamed mental contributions to enzyme was recently accomplished in this BHME Assoc. Director More Federal funds, more infor- chemistry. They have worked with way by a team of Rockefeller Uni- Planning and Evaluation mation about the health profes- the same enzyme, ribonuclease." versity scientists headed by Dr. sions, and an admissions quota Dr. Anfinsen received half of the Robert B. Merrifield. David Tilson has been named system for medical and other $98,100 prize for "his work on This marked the first time that associate director for Planning and health schools were recommended ribonuclease, especially concerning an enzyme had been artificially Evaluation in the Bureau of Health at the first National Conference on the connection between the amino created from chemicals in the lab- Manpower Education. He replaces Health Manpower Education for acid sequence and the biologically oratory. Such studies are basic to Dr. Eugene Confrey, now BHME the Spanish-Surnamed. active conformation." an understanding of normal life associate director for Policy The conference, sponsored by the processes as well as of inherited Studies. Bureau of Health Manpower Edu- Drs. Moore and Stein share the metabolic diseases. Mr. Tilson will be the principal other half of the prize money "for cation and the National Health Ultimately, it may be possible to technical advisor to the BHME Di- Service Corps, HSHMA, was held their contribution to the under- rector on health manpower plan- standing of the connection between control certain hereditary metabo- in Oct. 21-23. lic diseases resulting from a spe- ning and will coordinate the health The nearly 500 delegates made chemical structure and catalytic ac- cific enzyme deficiency by replacing manpower planning of programs tivity of the active center of the administered by the Bureau. over 100 recommendations. ribonuclease molecule." the missing enzyme. Participants included Dr. Merlin Drs. Anfinsen, Moore and Stein He joined NIH in 1965 as chief K. DuVal, Assistant Secretary for Awardees Praised will receive their awards from of the Health Research Facilities Health and Scientific Affairs, The Nobel awarding group con- King Gustav Adolf of Sweden at Branch of the Division of Research HEW, and Dr. Kenneth M. Endi- cluded that "in summary it may be ceremonies to be held in December Facilities and Resources (now cott, Director of BHME. said that Anfinsen, Moore and in Stockholm. DRR), and later served as assist- Stein in pioneering studies have Dr. Anfinsen received his Ph.D. ant chief of the Office of Program illuminated some of the most im- in biochemistry from Harvard Uni- Planning, OD. He was named the portant principles describing the versity Medical School in 1943. Director of NIH Office of Program chemical structure and catalytic ac- He joined the National Heart In- Analysis in 1969. tivity of an enzyme." stitute in 1950, returned to Har- Mr. Tilson began his Federal vard for one year in 1962, and career in 1948 with the Department Ribonuclease catalyzes the break- then assumed his present position of the Army as an analyst and down of ribonucleic acid (RNA), with NIAMDD. He and Mrs. Anfin- section chief in the Office of the an essential component of the ma- sen live in Bethesda, Md. Chief of Transportation. He later chinery by which the living cell worked for the Department of the utilizes genetic information. Air Force. Dr. Anfinsen provided the first DCRT Issues Publication From 1953 to 1961, he was with clue to the enzyme's structure by On Statistical Analysis the International Cooperation Ad- demonstrating that it is comprised Methods and computer programs ministration (predecessor to the of a single polypeptide chain. for statistical analysis of variables Agency for International Develop- Its complete chemical structure in clinical research are described in ment), first as deputy special as- was subsequently elucidated by Transformation of Observed Distri- sistant for Operations in the Office Drs. Moore, Stein and C. Hirs at butions to Gaussian Form, a re- of the Deputy Director for Mutual Rockefeller University, and by Dr. cently released DCRT publication. Defense Assistance Control and as Anfinsen and his colleagues here. The report, written by Drs. Eu- assistant director in the Office of Dr. Anfinsen and his associates gene Harris and David DeMets, Participant Training. Mr. Tilson and his staff will prepare demonstrated that the information details a method which preserves Mr. Tilson was then named Ad- research and evaluation plans and required to fold the polypeptide the power of gaussian-based sta- visor to the U.S. Mission to the assist in planning legislative programs. chain of ribonuclease into the spe- tistical analysis without assuming United Nations for AID. transferred to NIH. cific three-dimensional form of the that the original variable neces- The following year, he was ap- He attended the City College of active enzyme resides in the se- sarily follows a normal bell-shaped pointed Director of the AID Sci- New York and then the Massachu- quence of amino acids. curve. ence Conference Staff. setts Institute of Technology where Therefore, it became clear that Copies of Technical Report No. Following this assignment, Mr. he received his B.S. degree. He this protein could be synthesized in 8 may be obtained from the DCRT Tilson was named Director of Re- also has taken graduate courses in the laboratory by joining the prop- Scientific and Technical Informa- search in the Office of Research Economics and Social Sciences at er amino acids in the correct order tion Office. Ext. 66203. and Analysis, AID, after which he Columbia University. Page 6 November 7, 1972 THE NIH RECORD

Two Products Developed Richardson Explains Views Dr. Emlen Bell Retires In Current 'Reader's Digest' Under NHLI Contracts HEW Secretary Elliot L. From Rocky Mt. Lab; Richardson has written an ar- Selected by I.R. 100' ticle entitled "The Down-to- Achievements Cited Earth Truth About Big Spend- Dr. Emlen J. Bell, a microbiolo- Two separate advances in the ing'," in the current—November gist in the Rickettsial Disease Sec- development of blood- and tissue- —issue of Reader's Digest. tion of NIAID's Rocky Mountain compatible materials, each the The article explains the Sec- Laboratory, Hamilton, Mont., has product of contract-supported re- retary's views on why money retired after a career spanning 34 search under the direction of the alone cannot solve major na- years. National Heart and Lung Insti- tional problems, on the prob- Last year Dr. Bell, who spent tute's Medical Devices Applications lems generated by "legislative most of his Federal service at Program, have been selected in overpromise," and on the ef- RML, received the DHEW Meri- the international "I.R. 100" com- forts that are being made to torious Service Medal "in recog- petition as among the 100 most cut away Government red tape. nition of his outstanding achieve- significant new technical products ment in elucidating the biology Otis Duck°r (r), recently appointed of the year. when formed, present a surface of and immunologic relationships assistant director for Materiel Man- A "microfiber lining for artificial living tissue to the blood. among rickettsial agents and his agement, OAS, receives congratula- organs," developed by Dr. Joseph For added strength and to pro- contributions toward the control of tions from James B. Davis, OAS Di- S. Byck, Union Carbide Corpora- vide a biocompatible surface while typhus and Rocky Mountain spotted rector. Previous'y, Mr. Ducker was tion, and a "non-thrombogenic the tissue lining is still forming, fever." chief. Supply Operations Branch. He (blood clot preventive) treatment the microfibers are coated with a Dr. Bell's recent contributions has been with NIH for 19 years— for plastics," developed by Dr. R. thin (1 micron) layer of the poly- include the characterization of a the entire period with OAS. He I. Leininger, Gerald Grode, Dr. mer, Parylene-C. "started in supply work during 3Ja Richard D. Falb, and Dr. Henry years in the Army." Mr. Ducker, Grotta, Battelle Memorial Insti- The Union Carbide team also has whose academic training was in music tute, were among the winners developed a special process, known education, is an accomplished musi- chosen by the Editorial Advisory as "vertical drafting," whereby cian. pore size can be varied in different Board of Industrial Research, Inc. layers of the microfiber web as it The I.R. 100 winners were an- is being formed. nounced last month at the Museum Thus, large pores in the surface RESEARCHERS IN USSR of Science and Industry, Chicago, layer permit the entry of whole (Continued from Page 1) where the scientists and engineers cells beneath the surface, whereas ing allowance for the investigator assembled to exhibit their innova- smaller pores in deeper layers are provided. tions and attend an awards ban- mechanically entrap the sheath of quet. living tissue formed by the prolif- Financial support for intensive The Battelle Memorial Institute pre-travel study of the Russian eration of these cells. and Union Carbide Corporation are The clot-preventive treatment language by long-term researchers two of 16 research and develop- is also available. for plastics developed by the Bat- ment firms that receive NHLI re- telle research team involves the Similar exchange arrangements search-contract funds for the sole chemical bonding of heparin, an are available with the academies purpose of biomaterials develop- anticoagulent, to any of various of eastern European countries. ment. synthetic materials to form a clot- Preliminary inquiries by phone The winning projects represent inhibiting surface. or mail should be made immediate- many research approaches being Previous attempts to accomplish ly to the Office of the Foreign Sec- pursued in the development of this met with only temporary suc- Dr. Bell is an internationally re- retary (USSR/EE), National Acad- truly biocompatible materials. cess, as the coating eventually nowned investigator in the field of emy of Sciences, 2101 Constitution Dr. Byck and his colleagues' leached or eroded away to expose rickettsial diseases. Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. winning entry consists of an ultra- the thrombogenic surface under- toxin associated with the spotted 20418. Telephone: 961-1226. thin non-woven fabric that can be neath. fever group of rickettsias, the ap- bonded to the blood-contacting sur- In the new process reported by plication of the toxin-neutralization faces of heart-assist devices. Book Stresses Relationship Dr. Leininger and co-workers, glu- test for establishing relationships The synthetic microfibers (of taraldehyde is used to crosslink the among eight different species that Between Speaking, Reading polypropylene) serve as a scaffold hydroxyl groups of heparin and cause spotted fever throughout the Most children learn to speak for the attachment of living fibro- thus provide a stable, permanent world, and the discovery of a new easily, but struggle with reading blasts and endothelial cells that, surface. species of spotted fever rickettsia skills; this problem is discussed in in eastern Montana. a new book—Language by Ear Early in his career, Dr. Bell's and by Eye: The Relationships work with Dr. Herald Cox—a for- Betwe~n Spesch and Reading — mer Laboratory scientist—on the edited by a National Institute of cultivation of rickettsias in fertile Child Health and Human Develop- hens' eggs enabled the production ment health scientist and a pro- of large amounts of typhus vac- fessor of linguistics. cine needed for Allied troops dur- ing World War II. Written by Specialists Dr. Bell joined the RML staff in The book, a collection of 22 ar- 1938 after receiving the M.S. de- ticles written by specialists in gree from the University of Min- several speech fields, is an out- nesota. growth of an NICHD-sponsored Following service in the U.S. conference on The Relationships Army, he attended the Johns Hop- Between Speech and Learning to kins School of Hygiene and Public Read. Health and received the Ph.D. de- It is edited by Dr. James F. gree in microbiology. Kavanagh, NICHD, and Dr. Ig- He then rejoined the Laboratory natius G. Mattingly, professor of staff and was commissioned in the Linguistics, University of Con- At DRG, the Oct. 1 deadline for the receipt of grant applications brings its PHS in 1947. necticut, and is available through own harvest—research grant applications by the thousands. Nathaniel Dove, Dr. and Mrs. Bell plan to remain the MIT Press. Research Grants Review Branch, looks over the stacks received. in Hamilton. THE NIH RECORD November 7, 1972 Page 7 Experts Explore Sub-atomic Particles DR. THOMAS (Continued from Page 1) Role in Radiation Treatment of Cancer and Human Development Council, When 350 experts on cancer treatment, cancer biology, and radiation President's Science Advisory Com- mittee, and is currently a member physics met recently at the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory in New of the Institute of Medicine of the Mexico, they discussed Particle Accelerators in Radiation Therapy. National Academy of Sciences. The conference was initiated to explore the role of sub-atomic particles Dr. Thomas is a member of sev- —such as neutrons, pi-mesons, and eral scientific societies including the other "heavy particles"—in the American Society for Clinical In- radiation treatment of patients vestigation, International Academy with cancer. of Pathology, Society for Experi- It was co-funded by the National mental Biology and Medicine, and Cancer Institute's Division of Can- an honorary member of Societe cer Grants with the Atomic Energy Francaise d'Allergie. Commission and the National Sci- NIH has presented the Jules ence Foundation. The Division's Freund Memorial Seminar annual- deputy director, Dr. William A. Dr. Frank J. Rauscher, Jr. (c), NCI ly since 1961 in honor of the first Walter, described NCI's radiation chief of the National Institute of Director, presents a PHS Commenda- program for the participants. tion Medal to NCI sanitary engineer, Allergy and Infectious Diseases' W. Emmert Barkley. As the vice-chair- Dr. William E. Powers, of the Laboratory of . man of the Biohazards Control and Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiolo- Containment Segment of the Special gy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, was chair- is also improved will not be known Virus Cancer Program, Mr. Barkley for several years yet." has made significant contributions in man, and Dr. Raul Mercado, Jr., defining the engineering criteria for program director for radiation A six-point plan for the develop- the safe operation of NCI biomedical therapy in the Institute's Division Sen. Clinton P. Anderson of New ment of high LET radiation ther- programs. Mrs. Barkley participates of Cancer Grants, assisted with Mexico (I) tours the beam tunnel of apy was presented by Dr. Morton in the ceremony. conference arrangements. the Los Alamos Meson Physics Facil- M. Kligerman, assistant director The use of accelerated particles ity—formally dedicated in his honor for radiation therapy of Los Ala- is of interest to radiotherapists on Sept. 29—with Dr. Louis Rosen, mos Scientific Laboratory. NIH Visiting Scientists who believe that such high LET its director. Dr. Rosen gave the key- This included a quarterly publi- Program Participants (linear energy transfer) radiation note address on physics research at cation of pertinent information on may do more damage to some kinds the Radiation Therapy Conference. clinical trials, an international dose 9/1—Dr. Rong-Sen Shen, Taiwan, of cancer tissue and less damage determination registry, internation- Pathologic Physiology Branch. to surrounding normal tissue than medical Problems session was giv- al clinical trials, postdoctoral fel- Sponsor: Dr. Robert L. Dixon, does conventional X-ray or cobalt en by Dr. Simon Kramer, chairman lowship programs, visiting senior NIEHS, Research Triangle Park, radiation. of the department of radiation scientists programs, and encour- N.C. therapy, at Thomas Jefferson Uni- agement of all radiation centers to 9/29—Dr. Takao Ohta, Japan, Research Indicates Benefits versity Hospital in Philadelphia. take a fresh look at their current Laboratory of Biomedical Sciences. Previous research suggests that The weakest link in radiation low LET radiation policies. Sponsor: Dr. Joseph C. Robinson, advanced cancers of the mouth, therapy, he said, is the inability to A tour of the Los Alamos Meson NICHD, Bldg. 10, Em. 13N232. throat, cervix, and bladder, for ex- define the precise location of the Physics Facility focused on the po- 10/1—Dr. Eduardo Charreau, Ar- ample, may benefit from treatment cancer. tential use in cancer therapy of gentina, Reproduction Research with high LET irradiation. Other investigators also stressed Branch. Sponsor: Dr. Kevin Catt, Scientists at the conference de- the need for such research as well NICHD, Bldg. 10, Rm. 12N218. fined several areas of urgently as the belief that studies of the needed research. In the opinion of late effects of high LET radiation 10/1—Dr. Nubia Munoz, Colom- should be started immediately. bia, Laboratory of Pathology. Spon- a number of speakers, the study of the late effects of high LET radia- Dr. Mary Catterall's report on sor: Dr. Louis B. Thomas, NCI, the treatment of patients with fast Bldg. 10, Rm. 2A29. tion on normal animal tissue has the highest priority. neutrons from the British Medi- 10/1—Dr. Shinzo Kono, Japan, The keynote paper of the Bio- cal Research Council's Cyclotron at Reproduction Research Branch. Hammersmith Hospital, London, Sponsor: Dr. Mortimer B. Lipsett, was a conference highlight. NICHD, Bldg. 10, Rm. 12N204. • Stressing the importance of a 10/1—Dr. Nagaswamy Krishnan, learning period before controlled India, Laboratory of Chemical clinical trials are undertaken, she Pharmacology. Sponsor: Dr. James summarized the results of treating R. Gillette, NHLI, Bldg. 10, Rm. 190 patients who had advanced 7N119. tumors not thought to be respon- 10/1—Dr. Sumathy Sampath, In- sive to other forms of therapy. A The side-coupled cavity section, de- dia, Laboratory o f Preclinical high rate of remissions of varying signed and developed at the Los Pharmacology. Sponsor: Dr. Er- durations has resulted. Alamos Scientific Laboratory, is the minio Costa, NIMH, St. Elizabeths A Review of the Basis of Heavy third stage of the accelerator. It is Hospital, Washington, D.C. Particle Therapy and Past Clinical here that the particles receive the 10/9—Dr. Toshio Kudo, Japan, Trials was presented by Dr. J. F. final boost to 800 million electron Immunology Section. Sponsor: Dr. Fowler, Gray Laboratory, Mt. Ver- volts, or 84 percent the speed of Tadao Aoki, NCI, Bldg. 41, Rm. non Hospital, Northwood, Middle- light. 300. sex, England. 10/10—Dr. Sigfrido Scarpa, Italy, He concluded: "The neutron the pi-mesons produced at the Laboratory of General and Compar- therapy trial at Hammersmith and "meson factory." ative Biochemistry. Sponsor: Dr. the radiobiological work which pre- A biomedical facility under con- Giulio Cantoni, NIMH, Bldg. 36, ceded and accompanies it, at Ham- struction at the site has been par- Rm. 3A19. Protons in the primary beam of the mersmith and Rijswijk and else- tially funded by the NCI Division 10/17—Dr. Shigeharu Urakabe, Meson facility start their half-mile where, have demonstrated that of Cancer Grants. Japan, Laboratory of Kidney and flight to the target area from this high LET radiation can be used It is anticipated that preclinical Electrolyte Metabolism. Sponsor: Cockcroft-Walton generator where the safely and conveniently to treat pa- radiation research will begin at the Dr. Jack Orloff, NHLI, Bldg. 10, particles receive their first boost in tients. facility sometime in 1973 and clin- Rm. 6N307. energy to 750 kilo electron volts. "Whether the control of cancer ical evaluation in 1975. Page 8 November 7, 1972 THE NIH RECORD Dr. Whitney Heads DRS PHS Issues New Rules for Shipment Soviet Surgeon-Scientist Tours Research Facilities Veterinary Resources Br. of Certain Special Infectious Agents Dr. Valeriy I. Shumakov, profes- sor of surgery and chief of the Dr. Robert A. Whitney, Jr., has Transplantation and Artificial Or- been named chief, Veterinary Re- gans Department of the Research sources Branch, Division of Re- ETIOLOGIC AGENTS search Services. Dr. Whitney will Institute of Clinical and Experi- head laboratory animal research mental Surgery in Moscow, recent- activities on the BIOMEDICAL ly concluded a month-long tour of campus and at the U.S. medical research facilities. NIH Animal Cen- MATERIAL He was primarily interested in ter at Poolesville, seeing experimental and clinical Md. He also will studies o f supervise the prep- IN CASE OF DAMAGE and artificial organ research and development. aration of media OR LEAKAGE and 1 a b o r a t ory Dr. Shumakov's host and travel- I glassware. NOTIFY: DIRECTOR. CDC ing companion during most of this Prior to this ap- ATLANTA, GEORGIA mra sr " pointment, Dr. Dr. Whitney Whitney was pro- 404/633-5313 gram specialist for the Institution- al Animal Resource Improvement Program, Animal Resources New Public Health Service regulations have recently become effective Branch, Division of Research Re- concerning the shipment of certain etiologic agents in, and from, tihe sources. . Three significant areas are covered by the latest revision—packaging, Dr. Joe R. Held, DRS Director, labeling, and special handlind g for stated that "Dr. Whitney has an certain infectious agents. for the Shipments of Etiologic outstanding record of ... responsi- One of these, packaging, makes Agents and Vectors. bility in the laboratory animal care a requirement of formerly recom- The new Etiologic Agents label field. He has contributed signifi- mended procedures. This involves may be obtained by NIH scientists cantly to veterinary and research the use of primary, secondary, and from the NIH Quarantine Permit animal literature . . ." outside containers and absorbent Service Office, Bldg. 31, Em. 7A-50, Before coming to NIH, Dr. Whit- lining materials for transporting Ext. 62516. ney was a lieutenant colonel in various bacterial, fungal, viral, Eventually, the General Services command of U.S. Army veterinary rickettsial, and chlamydial agents. Administration plans to distribute Dr. Shumakov (I), Russian authority activities in Vietnam. the labels in a manner similar to Previously, he was Laboratory New Label Designed on organ transplantation and artificial that for stationery products. Until organs, bids farewell to Dr. Dennis, Animal Medicine consultant to the A special Etiologic Agents/Bio- that time, the Permit Office will Surgeon General of the Army. medical Material label has been following their tour of U.S. medical handle them. facilities. Earlier, Dr. Whitney established designed which must be applied to the outside of the package. The Non-NIH scientists should in- and directed the U.S. Army Vet- quire of the Center for Disease tour, which was a part of the U.S.- erinary Corps Postdoctoral Train- label is made as an adhesive stick- U.S.S.R. Cooperative Health Pro- er in white and red (international Control, Atlanta, Ga. 30333, about ing Program in Laboratory Animal a source for the new labels. gram on Disease, was Dr. Clarence Medicine and was chief of the Ani- orange). Dennis, director of the NHLI Di- mal Resources Branch, Edgewood It should not be confused with vision of Technological Applica- Arsenal. the black-and-red on white adhe- tions. sive import permit which must be He has received the Legion of Together, they visited 21 U.S. Merit and the Meritorious Service on the outside of all packages con- taining etiologic agents or their laboratories, surgery clinics, and Medal, and in 1969, he was included research and development firms. in the publication, Outstanding vectors imported to the U.S.A. or subsequently transshipped. (See These included personal confer- Young Men of America. ences with Dr. Thomas Starzl of Dr. Whitney received his B.S. the NIS Record, May 9,1972, p. 6.) Registered mail, or a similar the University of Colorado, Dr. and D.V.M. degrees from Oklahoma Michael DeBakey of Baylor College State University, and his M.S. in system, now must be used when sending Actinobacillus mallei, Gocci- of Medicine, Drs. Denton Cooley pharmacology from Ohio State Un- and John Norman, St. Luke's-Texas iversity. dioides immitis, Francisella (Pas- teurella) tularensis, hemorrhagic Children's Hospital, Houston, Drs. fever agents, Herpesvirus simiae William Bernhard and Grant La- Dr. Goodall to Deliver NIH (B virus), and Histoplasma capsu- Farge at Harvard Medical School, Lecture Tomorrow at CC latnm. and a tour of Dr. Willem Kolff's Dr. Jane Goodall will give Also, Lassa virus, Marburg virus, Artificial Organ Laboratory at the the NIH Lecture tomorrow Pseudomonas pseudo-mallei, tick- University of Utah. night (Wednesday, Nov. 8) at borne encephalitis virus complex, Witness Transplant 8:15 in the Jack Masur Audi- and Yersenia (Pasteurella) pestis. They also observed a clinical torium. If notice of delivery of these heart transplant operation per- The noted British scientist agents is not received within 5 days Roy Chisholm has been appointed formed by Dr. will discuss her primate re- of anticipated delivery, the sender EEO coordinator for the National Can- at Stanford University. must notify the Director of the search in East Africa. She will cer Institute. Before joining NCI, Mr. Dr. Shumakov, who is co-winner illustrate her talk with slides Center for Disease Control in At- Chisholm was a personnel manage- lanta, Ga. of the 1972 U.S.S.R. State Prize of wild chimpanzees in Tanza- ment specialist at the Department of for Transplantation, also attended nia's Gombe Stream Game Re- A centralized NIH Quarantine Agriculture. Prior to this assignment, meetings of the Transplantation serve. She has lived among the Permit Service Office was estab- he spent a year at Howard University Society and the American College chimps and studied their habits lished in 1970 in the National In- where he earned his M.A, in student of Surgeons in San Francisco, and for a number of years. stitute of Allergy and Infectious personnel/guidance and counseling. participated in formal ward rounds Dr. Goodall is visiting pro- Diseases. It issues the necessary He also served in Howard's Office of and the Annual Student Forum at fessor in the Department of licenses and permits to the Insti- Student Life as an Assistant to the Downstate Medical Center in New tutes and Divisions in accordance Director. York. Psychiatry, Stanford Univer- with Issuance No. 1340-1 of the sity School of Medicine. NIH Manual, Permits and Licenses U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1972—512-450/9