ii nz N E v O R K P UBLICLIBRARY 4 5 5 9 1 3

AST QR, LENO$ AND

T IL DEN F OUNDAT IONS . R 1 9 0 9 L

C ROW EL HIST ORY;

- n oiTim FootPrintsinthe Sa ds e.

INT RO DUCT O RY.

few Crow el n ow ; BEING , with exceptions , the oldest livi ng and having traveled among , visited , seen , and talked

row el with more C people , perhaps , than any member of th e

r w el f . C o amily , living or dead And faili ng to fin d any his tory of our people ; an d Wishi ng to preserve some record of ” f - d the oot prints in the san s of time of our ancestors , ere “ ” those prin ts shall have perish ed forever ; an d seei n g n o one better qualified , willing to do the work , has prompted t me to write his history . Hop e the fri en ds will bear with me i n my blu n dering man n er of setting forth said history .

d o l I I n ot like to comp ai n , yet may say that the friends have failed to give me the support an d en couragement I had n I a right to expect at their ha ds i n the said enterprise . have w orked faithfully du ring the last tw o years i n looki ng u p matters for the history ; also spent some mon ey in looking a up s id matters . Th e lack of an assuran ce of s ufficient help s to pay expenses , has cau ed me to greatly abridge the his b ut in n tory ; lieu of said abridgement , have added seve Bible ss I e ays , so can sell to outside parties ; thus enabling me to

' C‘x 2 CR OW E L S HI TORY .

pay cost of th e books . Fo r the ben efit of the delin quent fr I iends , will only refer them to the latter clause of third ” V h I “ erse , Isaia . , My people doth not consider . This book is respectfully dedicated to the memory of m y h m C ro w el his f deceased brother , Abra a , who in li etim e w as “ ” n Crow el kn ow as the Fi nan cial Van derbilt of the p eople . 1 5 1 9 O . 8 9 . N CRov DAYTON , , February , HE RY EL .

In ' com m en cing this history I wish or desire to state th at the Crow el people had th eir or ig in in G erma ny ; that is

w e the of B to say , came from land Humboldt , Schiller , aron

M oltke B ism arck last b ut Von Steuben , Von , ; an d , n ot least ,

ex - T P . Hon . aul J Sorg , member of Congress from the hird Congression al District of Ohio ; a man with a heart an d soul ~ as big as the Allegheny Mou ntains . B ut as to the particular

h the p art of G ermany from w ence our ancestors emigrated , writer is n o t i nformed ; n either can we give any very d efinite date as to th e time they first lan ded in America ; b ut p lesum e

the the fi it was during latter part of rst decade , or during

of e r the fore part the secon d decade , i n the seventeenth c ntu y .

W e s t first find them i n F rederick County , Marylan d , itua e

C row el m as farmers . As to the n umber of the first e igrants ' the sa w e ud e to this cou ntry , writer is u nprepared to y ; j g , r b ut h owever , that the e were two or more such emigrants ; ” “ Cro w el to an d that on e Henry , thus emigrated America ,

C . a s d o settl ed i n Frederick ou nty , Md , there remai n s not ha w f ll W u fa t. e of doubt , as the records up there y establish the c therefore shall mai nly confin e o u r history to said He nry and

w a his descendants ; promising , ho ever , thi s much , that in c se w i Cro w els e meet with facts of n terest touching other , we will set forth said facts for the reader . f w I w Be ore proceeding further ith ou r history , ish to say that I h ave been greatly encou raged and benefited in

k s W Crow el f d the wor by Cou in illiam , of Brad or , Ohi o R d w also received valuable help from Aaron Shock , i ge ay, R W E L C O HISTORY . 3

l m n Crow e . h I nd . ; He ry , Koko o , Ind ; and his brot er , Joseph

Ind . C row el . . Crow el , of Mon tezuma , ; Isaiah V B , Forsyth e w l W Cro e . ll . W I . m ; J David , estminster , M d , an d illia M . ’ l row el s C row e C . a an d Tom twi n s , Morris D and H rris J . ’ f W l C row el Of O . O Crow el , Min erva , hio i liam , B radford , O I l hio , can not speak too high y of the valuable services

. T m by him rendered he ancient philosopher , Archi edes , “ ” a d w fter iscovering the great power of th e lever , as “ sa : If he had f n prompted to y a fulcrum su ficiently stro g , Now h e could move the earth . I am almost tempted to s a —th m en W Cro w el y at had I an army of su ch as illiam , I certainly would feel like u n dertaking to re torm th e world m “ aking the crooked straight , an d the rough places smooth . In politics the Crow el peopl e are gen erally Democrati c ; in m n religion , Lutheran , Ger an Reform , D unkards , Christia s , D isciples , and occasion ally a Methodist or a Universalist . In few bu sin ess matters th ere are a mechanics , doctors , lawyers , c p reachers and p oliti ian s , b ut the far greater part of them are f armers .

W w e t as hereas m ay not have u rn ed out yet any president , s m g overn or , sen ator , suprem e j udge , congressmen , or e i nen t d w e AV octors , lawyers or ministers , H E turn ed out i n great

n . A s a umbers , hon est , successful farm ers to th e mor l stan d in I to g of ou r people , am pleased say that , to th e best of my k Crow el n owled ge , n o ever committed p remeditated murder , o r ff Crow el any oth er capital o en se ; n o ever committed rape , a rson , burglary , gran d larceny , forgery , perj ury , or any other pe n itentiary offense ; n either have I ever learn ed of an y C row el wh o w as ever confined in cou nty or mun icipal prison for vi olatio n of law - either moral or statutory ; neither have I know n of any Crow el being sent to a mad - house or poor h ouse ; these are rem in iscen ces of which we m ay well be p rou d .

If asked what , i n my Opi nion , is the greatest fault with ? o ur peopl e I would certainly reply : They love work too CROW EL 4 H ISTORY . — well far too well . Consequently n eglect education an d mental training .

W e n ow Crow el o r come to the first emigrant , Hen ry , “ l ” ’ Croul . , as he wrote it in signing his will His wife s name was Margaret . They had born u nto them seven a n children , four sons an d three d ughters ; amely , D ewalt , il . S ev e . Michael , Barbara , Henry , M rs Dan iel Root , John an d

N w f w e e o i n proo that they were his children , here introduc ’ l u a certified copy of their father s wil . An d as a f rther co n

fi rm ation r h d o of a t ue relation s ip between sai parties , we als — offer a series of abstracts of lan d titles which carefully exami ne ; bearing in mi nd the facts th at w e h ol d i n ou r possession ful l copies of the deeds referred to i n abstract

W OF R W EL OF C O . TRUE COPY THE ILL HENRY , DECEASED

In The Name of God Amen I Hen ry Crowl of F rederick Coun ty and S tate of Marylan d farmer being Sick an d we ak in body but of sou n d min d an d memory thanks be given u nto God for it and Calling to min d the mortality of my Body ‘ and kn owing that it is Appoint e d u nto all men on ce to Di e do make ordai n this my last will an d Testament in man n er a nd for m fol lowi ng that is to say fi rst I recomme n d my sou l i nto the hands of God that gave it an d m y Body I recommen d to the Earth to be B uried in decent Christian B urial at. the Discretio n of my E xec utors h ereafter n amed and as Touchin g such worldly Estate wherewith it has pleased God to bles s . me in this life I give devise an d Dispose of the same i n th e following man ner an d form Imprimis I d esire that all my Just Debts w hich I do ow e to any perso n whatsoever be Contented an d paid withi n co nvenient time after my decease Ite m I l eave to my well beloved wife Margaret Crowell besides her thirds during her life or widowhood th e Lan d and plantation where I n ow live with liberty to sow thirty W E CRO L HISTORY . 5

fi ve Acres Of W inter Grai n yearly o n the place I also give her besides h er th irds the sum of twenty five pou n ds Current

Mon ey which is n ow lent to Hen ry Lan dis . I also give her a Coyv an d tw o hu n dred poun ds of Po rk an d fifty pou nds of B eef an d thirty B ushels of wh eat the meat an d wheat to be — fou nd her yearly durin g her life or widowhood the rest of my Estate I leave to be Disposed Of in the followi ng man ner that is to say whereas I have already given to my so n i n law D aniel Root i n lan d and otherwise the sum of fo ur hu ndred n a d fifty pou nds . Now my will is that after my oth er six children th at is

sa Crow el Crow el u to y Dewalt , Mich ael , Barbara Yo ng ,

Crow el Crow el Crow el l Hen ry , Joh n an d Seville shal have received E ach of them th e sum of four h und red an d fifty

' pou nds Current M on ey Out of my Estate to make them equal with my So n in L aw Daniel Root and my Daughter S ev ile a C ow an d feather bed B esides her Share after the above Legacies are paid an d S atisfied the rest of my Estate I leave to be equally divided amo n g all my Children It must be u nderstood th at D ewalt Crow el has received Eighty pou nds of his portio n above mention ed an d M ichael Crow el has r e ceiv ed tw o h un dred an d Eighty poun ds of his portio n above men tion ed an d Leon ard You ng has received th ree hu ndred pou n ds of his portio n above mention ed A n d I n o m inate an d Appoi nt my Trusty and well beloved F ri en d Tobias G arn er my E xecutor of this my Last W ill an d Testame nt ratifying an d confirming this an d n o o ther to be my last will an d Testam ent In testim ony whereof I have hereun to set my han d an d seal the Sixth day of September i n th e year of our Lord one

u tho s an d Seven hu ndred an d Eighty four .

R O L HENRY C U .

and Signed , sealed published declared p ro nounced by the said Hen ry Crow el as an d for his Last will an d Testament 6 CROW EL HISTORY . i n the presence o f us who i n his p rese nce and the presen ce of Each other have hereu nto S ubscribed o ur n ames

h is

R E . S NR . AN . D IEL $ D ROOT , S E / L

CONRA D $ C . SPOO N m ark

Tr ue Copy Test DANI EL R ICH ARDS

A . CH S . E SAYLOR ,

R egister of W ills fo r F rederick Cou nty .

R W EL F K L AND D EEDE D TO HENRY C O I N REDERIC COUNT Y .

Eisenb ark 1 . No . Gabriel to Hen ry Crowell , Deed dated March 23 rd 1 7 69 an d Recorded March th e 2 7 th 1 7 69

1 5 3 r in Liber M . Folio on e of the Lan d Reco ds of F rederick l “ 2 3 0 County , for a Tract of and called Bear Garden , for poun ds current mo ney an d said tract contai ned 2 3 2 acres of lan d more or less .

2 . d NO . Thomas Justice to Hen ry C rowell , deed ated

2 6th 1 0 m 1 5 o O ctober 7 7 and recorded Nove ber th i n Lib r N .

4 2 2 R fo r F olio on e of the Lan d ecords of Frederick Cou nty , “ T racts of lan d called W illiams Neglect an d H a rd Quarters containi ng 1 00 acres of lan d more or less an d a tract called ” 1 0 oflan d Hammon ds Strief containi ng acres m ore or less , 1 5 n consideration 3 pounds cu rre t mon ey . 3 N . O . l Leon ard Kitzmiller to Hen ry C rowe l , Deed

1 8 th 1 7 74 d 1 3 th 1 7 7 4 r dated May and Recor ed May , i n Libe 4 04 f . o V Folio on e the Land Records of F rederick County , ” t o t “ u 22 2 for a trac lan d called Ivey Ch rch , contai ning f o 8 05 5 . acres lan d m o re or less , for pou nds shillings 4 P No . . Joh n eckleheim er to Hen ry Crow eland Joseph

o D eed r 1 9 th 1 7 7 4 R B iler , dated Decembe an d ecorded 1 4 h 1 5 t . 1 5 8 h 7 7 BD . t e Jan uary , i n Liber No folio on e of W CR O EL HI STORY . 7

R Lan d ecords of F rederick County , for a tract of land called ” n 2 7 Resu rvey o n Good Neighborhood , co tai n in g 9 acres

5 2 5 . of lan d more or less , for pou nds cu rren t mon ey d NO . 5 . Hen ry Crawle to Daniel B ussard , D eed ated

BD . A 24 th 1 7 7 5 d . 1 4 7 8 pril , an d Recor ed i n Liber No folio

1 00 u on e of th e Lan d Reco rds of F rederick Cou nty , for po nds

a o n d cu rrent mo n ey , tr ct called part of the Resurvey Har ” “ W ” 2 9 Quarters and illiams Neglect , containing acres of lan d m ore or less bei ng a tract of lan d condem n ed to Henry C rawl e by virtue of an a ttachm ent of th e Circuit Cou r t fo r

Frederick C oun ty .

w l l 2 . Cro e S ea a t 6 . . No . Same as No Hen ry to p 29 th 1 7 7 7 B order , D eed dated August an d Recorded Novem

. 2 6 8 th 1 7 7 7 . 7 ber , in Liber R P folio on e of the Lan d

of l Records of Frederick Cou nty , for tracts lan d ca led “ W illiams Negl ect and Hard Quarters ” contai nin g 1 00 acres ” of lan d m ore or less an d a tract called “ Hammonds Strief

1 0 1 7 5 P n d contai ning acres of lan d m ore or less , for ou s current mon ey .

4 . w . C ro l No . 7 . Same as No Hen ry e an d J oseph

W 1 8 1 7 7 8 an d B oiler to Peter etsel , Deed dated May th

8 in 1 9 1 7 7 R . . 8 7 8 th recorded M ay th , Liber P folio on e of e

of C e Lan d Records F rederick ou nty , for a tract of land call d

R o n 29 7 esu rvey Good Neighborhood , contai ning acres of 600 land m ore o r less , fo r Pou nds current money .

P N . . 8 . O 8 . a i l R o No art of Hen ry C rowell to D n e o t ,

J 1 9 1 7 8 8 R 2 8 rd 1 7 8 8 D eed dated un e th an d ecorded Ju n e , f W . 4 1 24 f i n Liber R . No . olio on e o th e Lan d Rec ords of ” for C F rederick Coun ty , part of a tract called Ivey hu rch

for 1 00 1 5 0 laid out acres of lan d , for pounds cu rrent mon ey .

o f e - w it State M aryland , Fr derick County , To I h ereby certify that the foregoing are tru e “ Abstracts as taken from the respective Lan d R ecords and folios of th e R W C O EL HISTORY .

Land R ecords kept i n the Office of the Clerk o f the Circuit

C . ou rt for F rederick Cou nty , Maryl and In testimony w here of I h ereto subscribe my n ame an d affix the Seal of th e Circuit Cou rt S A l E L for F rede rick Cou nty this 8 rd day of J an uary

“ h -J 1 8 9 . . 9 f A . D

. A DOUGLAS H H RGETT ,

the fo r Clerk of Ci rcuit Cou rt Frederick County .

O 2 1 7 8 4 . The foregoin g will was probated ctober , It appears from the contents of the will that th e testator was in W good circumstan ces financially . e h ave n o statement as to

th e time his widow died . It is gen e rally u nderstood that his

S evile l t daughter , , did n ot ive long af er the death of her f f ather , as her n ame does n ot a ppear therea ter o n the records

’ f n in the settling up o her father s estate . The oth er ames

all appear on the records . As to what went wit h the Daniel f i l R a s sa . I oot mily , the writer unab e to y am of the opinion f P that all , or a part of the young amily , m oved to reble C in n h ou nty , Ohio , early the eightee t centu ry ; think very

likely som e of thei r descendant s still live i n th at part of Ohio .

has Crow el T radition it that Hen ry , the first emigrant

u r n m w as —a to this co n t y , whe he ca e a min or m ere lad ; and S O poo r that hi s time at lan ding w as sold to pay his pass age

W n hi l h w o ver . he we read s wil and there learn o m uch he n had accumulated , besides raising a family of seve child ren “ ” w fo r e take it granted that he was a hustler indeed . — He made a nice will provi ding amply for the wido w ;

a nd a m giving to each child th t God had blessed the with , a n eq ual part ; an d that there be n o cause fo r a charge of

f n avoritism amo g the hei rs , h e n amed an . outsider as his

W i Il av en . e S s e executor trust his kindly pi rit i n , where him ere long we Shall all mee t . Further to familiarize the reader with the n ames of his

c h w e a m : ild ren , here gai n repeat the Dewalt , Michael , 9 CROW EL H I ST O RY .

l W R an d S evi e . e B arbara , Hen ry , M rs . Daniel oot , Joh n have already stated our lack of i nform atio n touchin g the history of M rs . D aniel Root , M rs . Barbara , or Leon ard

and Cev ile Crow el Yo ung , Miss , who it is believed died

’ shortly after her father s death .

Crow el As to Hen ry , brother to Dewalt , Mich ael and

Crow el Joh n , we are u n der the n ecessity of postpon ing his history for the present for lack of i nform ation .

W e n o w n Crow el f take u p the history of Joh , the ou rth “ ” so n Crow el Croull an d you ngest of Hen ry , or , as he in It. . wrote Joh n was born i n Frederick County , Md , or

5 T he him about the year 1 7 60 or 17 6 . n ext we find i n con n ection his C ro w el with brother Dewalt , conveying a piece ’ ” d in W of lan F rederick County , kn ow n as illiam s Neglect ,

the 1 8 th 1 7 9 0 to on e Hugh Hagen , bearing date Octob er , ; an d o n the same date pu rchasing a tract of lan d of his

as “ T he b rother Dewalt , kn own B ear Garden , an d bei ng

’ the farm set apart i n hi s father s will fo r the u se of his l Crow el w Crow e . mother , Margaret , wido of Hen ry W e n ext h ear of him taki ng out licen se to marry S usan

5 2 w c 1 1 7 9 . Dagu r , September , I am a are of the fa t that some of his grandchildren de n y that that was h er n ame ; but f tw o I p re er to let the records decide the matter . A year or

h Crow el thereafter we find him , wit a n umber of other frien ds , moving to Vi rginia . They may have lived a while V f a. o i n Botetou rt C ou nty , , b ut that fact , we are by n o mean s certai n ; th eir destin ation being Frankli n Co unty , where , according to traditi on , h e lived an d died ; dyin g perhaps about th e year 1 8 4 5 or 1 8 5 0 ; w e h ave no definite w date . He as the father o f som e five or Six child ren ;

an d . n am ely , Susan , Elizabeth , Mary , Margaret John Have n o history of this John .

at . a an Mary died home singl e Susan m rried Oyl er , by

h v i — f whom she ad se eral ch ldren b oys an d gi rls . On e o her d au W w a ghters , Betsey oods , is living at Ridge y , Howard W 1 0 CRO EL H I STORY .

n Cou nty , Ind . ; anoth er , Lucy A . Bowma , lives i n B rookville , l m Ohio . Lucy is rather a nice ooking wo an ; M r . Bowman h is h er third husban d . T ey are D unkard people . Her i l W brother , Valent n e Oyler , ives o n a farm n ear est Alex

andria , Ohio . Margaret married a Snyder ; their whereabouts l . M uir are u nkn own to the writer E izabeth married a cG e .

in . Some of them live or n ear to Galveston , Cass Cou nty , Ind ,

son a John i s said to be living at Burlington , Carroll County ,

C row el so n Crow el—s — Ind . John , of Mary ingle an d

n C row el son Crow el rn in daughter of Joh , of Henry , was bo Virginia i n or about the year 1 8 07 ; when g ro w n up t o m M cNeal an hood , m arried Han n ah , by whom they had born unto them ten child ren , five boys and five gi rls . P Several Of the children are dead . John m oved to reble

O i I — County , h o , n early days remai n ed there u ntil i n

1 8 5 7 . , then moved to Howard County , Ind , rem ainin g 1 8 67 n r th ere u ntil the moved to O egon , Holt County , 1 M o where he died i n the year 8 8 8 . His so n Hen ry

e . Cr wel lives n ear Kokom o , Ind ; Joseph at Monte h i . t e Ind . zuma , ; M lto n lives at O regon , Mo ; Milto n is

is at y oungest son . Jacob said to be Du nkirk , Red Key or

S um niitsv ille . . . , Ind O n e sister . M rs Hann ah C F oster , lives

Crow el at Highlan d Station , Kan sas . Susan that married

rt r f at w n O t Albe B yan , ormerly lived Jamesto , hio , but lef there twen ty or twenty - fi ve years Sin ce fo r some locatio n

W est ; b u t place u nkno w n to either friends o r writer . Joseph

v w ar o f b . an d Jacob , I believe , ser ed i n the the re ellion Th e ’ n f boys are all farmers and Dem ocrats . Lewis , Joh s hal f 1 8 8 1 . brother , died i n Le t some family , am ong which i s a

Cro w el farmer and laborer , n amed Cornelius ; he has a family

n W r P . an d is living ear est Alexand ia , reble County , Ohio and I omitted sayi ng that M rs. Lu cy A . B owman her

o f r few husband , B ookville , Ohio , called o n the w riter a

S w as t . weeks in ce , and I much pleased wi h their visit I

t o n he r r would also state tha I called brothe , Valen tin e CR W EL 1 1 O HISTORY .

O tw o - s yler , living o n a farm northwest an d o n e half mile W O 1 8 9 8 from est Alexan dria , hio , o n forepart of July , ; took his d in n er with him . B ut fou n d him rather reticent as to family history . He has his secon d wife .

Crow el: 24 th 1 7 7 4 Peter O n th e day of March , , i n m F rederick Cou nty , Md . , Peter Ke p transfered a small ’ “ P Crow el tract of lan d called Kemp s Pleasure , to eter ” m of 1 7 8 4 Ger an , Krauel . Then on the seventh day Jun e , ,

P Crow el Crow el th e we find eter transferring to Mich ael , trac t of lan d co nveyed to hi m by P eter Kemp ; also with the ’ w “ r same , a tract of lan d kn o n as Kelley s Range an d anothe “ ’ piece called Bon d s Meadow E nl arged . Th ese lands were ’ ” “ is adj oi ning a tract of lan d kn own as Dan iel s Den . This abo ut the last we hear of Peter Crow el. He may have been

his son a brother to Hen ry , or p ossibly , but died before

Hen ry made his will . B ut the proof is positi ve that th e

son n Crow el a M ich ael here introduced , was a of He ry and

to n the . On b rother D ewalt , Hen ry an d John , amed in will 1 8 00 M the secon d day of August , , we fin d this sam e ichael

Cro w el l W m buying an d of . Loveall , located i n Baltimore “ W ’ ” “ l ’ Cou nty , M d . , an d called illiam s Lu ck , an d Ke ley s

. 1 8 01 D elight Agai n on the first day of Jun e , , w e fin d

Crow el— “ n this sam e M ichael German Grau el , tra sferin g lan ds to Joh n Bishop ; lan d con veyed being part of tw o “ W ” “ ’ tracts , cal led Close ork , an d Daniel s D en situate i n the Cou nty of Frederi ck , an d State of Marylan d . T he sai d — Michael Cro w el sign ed his n ame in G erm an writi n g it

“ ’ Grauel . His wife s n ame w as Barbara ; an d this is the last

. On r 1 8 06 we h ear of her th e thirteen th day of D ecembe , , we fin d this s ame Michael Crow el con veying to on e Nathan 2 8 2 Hain es his i nterest i n a acre tract of l an d , situate i n

“ ” . and G F rederick County , M d , called B ear arden , an d

’ being the farm set apart i n his father Hen ry s will for th e

’ use the of widow , Michael s mother . CR OW E L 1 2 H I STORY .

In this deed he sign ed with a mark ; being perhaps too ’ n ervous to write his na m e . His wife s n ame n ot appearing o n w e she w as the deed , take it for granted that dead at th e time deed was executed . This transacti on is th e last that

we hear Of him . He must h ave died some time between the

of y a 1 8 28 d ate the foregoing deed an d the e r , as we fin d his son Cro w el o n the 1 8 2 8 , D avid sixth day of December , , co n v e in C ro w el all his t y g to his brother , Michael , interes in his ’ A s . Crow el father s estate it appears on the records M ichael , f S r . , an d Barbara , his wi e , h ad n in e children ; fou r boys an d

: D five girls , viz Joh n , avid , Michael an d George , Elizabeth , R R n h Mary , ebecca , achel an d Catheri e . Elizabet married b . C John Randall , Re ecca married Joh n C Krall , atherin e

m n M rl married Benj a i ye y . As to Mary and Rachel I have

n o history .

- fi rst 1 8 2 8 six of O n the twenty day of Jan uary , , the

Crow el h eirs of Michael , deceased , m et an d deeded their ’ t in h i nteres t eir father s estate to thei r brother , Michael

C row el tw o of the ; heirs , David an d Catherin e , had pre v iou sly con veyed their interest to said M ichael Crow el. The six - Crow el who quit claimed on th e above date were Joh n ,

R d a Cro w el R R Elizabeth an ll , Mary , ebecca Krall , achel C row el an d Geo rge Cro w el Part o f the lan ds thus con veyed ’ ” ’ ” as “ w ere kn own Kelley s Range , Dan iel s D en , Additio n ’ ’ ” l “ o to Danie s D en , Bon d s M eadow E nlarged , Iron Int u ” ’ ” d f l n “ an t o . tio n , a trac a d called Michael s Chan ces Note to the reader : In Maryl a nd all lan ds con vey ed are described

- by some tech n ical n am e o r o ther See Records i n Liber J . S .

2 9 f 1 4 0 o f d N o . olio , one the Lan d Records of F re erick

t . C ou n y , Maryland Of the nin e children born u nto Michael an d Barbara , I know b ut little excep t of George an d Michael ; with them we n t have bee more fortu n a e i n our researches . ’ W e can only say of David th at his wife s n ame w as C b n 7 1 7 8 4 d athari ne ; that he was or February , , ied Jan uary CROW EL HISTORY . 1 8

28 1 8 5 8 7 8 1 1 1 6 , , aged years , m onths an d days ; was b uried

old u W l at the Kreider ch rch , near estminster , Carrol Cou nty ,

M aryland .

W e n ow Crow el so n a Crow el com e to John , of Mich el ’ ’

Crow el. w as n son of Hen ry John s wife s name Cath eri e .

W e to have n o history of John , o nly that he was a brother l Crow e . Crow el J r. Michael , , David an d George I am of O the opinion that he emigrated to M u skingum Cou nty , hio , ’ - his f shortly after quit claimi ng his interest i n ather s estate . I have been i nform ed that there were some Crow el people l $ O who settled i n ear y days n ear an esville , hio ; think th at m ost likely J oh n was on e .

W e now C ro w el son M Crow el come to George , of ichael , ll ” Crow el G ro n . T w as son of Hen ry , or , as he wrote it his w l Cro e . a brother to David , John an d Michael , Jr G eo rge 2 6 1 n . O 7 9 5 was bor i n Frederick Cou nty , Md , ctober , , died 4 5 8 6 1 8 6 69 . H is F ebruary , , aged years , m onths an d days W remai ns were bu ried at th e old Kreider ch urch , n ear est

. a m in ster , Carroll Cou nty , Md George married Rebecc

M e rl l y y ; to them were born eight chi dren , seven son s an d

’ m on e daughter ; the daughter s n a e n ot known to writer .

T he W m n a boys w ere n amed George , illia , Henry , Joh , Eli s , Jesse an d Josiah ; the last n amed i s n ow livi ng n ear W est

Cro w l . e mi n ster , Carroll Cou nty , Md Josiah married

six S usan nah Everley . To them were born children , fou r

tw o i n girls an d boys . Non e of the r names are k ow n to l . Crow e writer except on e of th e son s , J David , wh o married h w Cora A . C e , to wh om were born a son , Ernst Longwell

Crow el n ow 4 his n 8 8 a , years old ; father bei g years old ; far m er an d ice cream man ufacturer ; a fi rm Democrat in

. n politics ; i n church matters , Reform A n umber on e citize ; ” “ l w n b a a u nto himself. Lo g may e live to help comfort ,

l his - m n an d b ess fellow a . W e only know this in reference to the children of

Crow el 2 1 89 8 Crow el a George , that o n February , , G eorge , CROW EL E Y 1 4 HIST J .

l s Crow e . on gran dson of George , Sr , an d a of George

M . n r w el J r. . O C o , , wrote me from St L ouis , , sayi g that hi s

Crow el w father , George , left M aryland an d ent to Cairo , Ill . ; 1 8 4 0 there o n the eighteenth of October , , m arried Sarah n An n Oliver , to whom were born several children , amo g

h s . i them George , my correspondent He says fath er died

r 1 2 8 1 8 61 1 8 9 0. J uly , , his mother died Septembe , This

his W G eorge says h e knew u ncle illiam well , that his fath er h a nd W illiam had been i n business toget er . G eorge says

his W a at a . a that u n cle illi m died Keokuk , Iow He s ys n W m w that wh e his u ncle illia died , that his wido , Abbie

row el s h C , moved to Boston , M as ; that sh e still lives t ere ,

u w ho to has a da ghter n amed Alice , i s married a Baptist of h u minister . He mention ed the fact aving had an ncle ,

is all Hen ry Crow el. This the history we have touching

G eorge Crow el an d his descendants . To the best of ou r

Crow el knowledge , the seven son s of G eorge , all except on e

r tw o u o , left Marylan d when comparatively yo ng for th e W g reat est , whence they became scattered , an d lost to the rest of the friends left i n Marylan d .

W e n ow Crow el n come to M ichael , brother to Joh ,

son Crow el David an d G eorge , and of Michael , so n of Hen ry “ ” l Croull it. Crow el w as C row e , or , as h e wrote Michael 2 1 4 1 1 0 1 7 7 5 8 . born o n J un e , , died M arch , He married h E lizabet Haines , daughter of Jacob an d Esther Hain es ; to

: t hem were bor n seven son s , n amely Jacob , Samuel , David ,

n h . all He ry , Daniel , Mic ael an d Isaac They lived to adult age an d reared u p families . Thus the reader will see that i M ichael an d h s brother George reared fourteen sons . Truly i t may be said of them , that they fulfilled the scripture in “ th ” : e . j unction B e fruitful , multiply , an d replenish earth W hilst many O f the Crow el people left Maryland for O t Virginia , hio , and other s ates , Michael an d his sons all in 1 8 8 4 re m ai ned i n Maryland u ntil , wh en the father with six of his sonsmoved to Northeastern Ohio ; settling in Stark W CR O EL HISTORY . 1 5

l ' n r l m ost ea . son a nd Carrol coun ties ; y M inerva , Ohio His ,

a w 2 2 J cob , rem aining i n Maryland , here he died March ,

six 1 8 60. He married Rebecca Ran dall ; to them were born E tw o . children , boys an d fo ur girls , n amely , Hiram , Jerush a

M . A . nd E . a E . a , M tilda , Aman da , An n a , Isaiah Van B u ren

l n Crow el. The last named ives at F orsyth , M aco Co unty , M w as u 2 7 1 8 8 6 . Ill . He born A gust , L eft arylan d twenty fou r years sin ce ; is the fath er of the followi ng n amed

: S um m erfi eld children , viz Harry , dead ; Masey May , dead ; 4 1 0 1 C . m B . 8 7 E ma , born Jun e , ; Charles , born September E 1 8 1 8 8 2 0 1 8 6 M l . E 7 7 . , ; arshal , born November , ; Arthu r ,

1 2 1 8 8 0 W . 8 1 8 8 2 born August , ; illiam II , born February , ;

M l e 7 1 8 84 1 7 i n nie Vi o a , born F bruary , ; Hazel Cora , April ,

a t is th n 1 8 9 0. Is iah hinks h e e on ly on e n ow livi g o f his ’ father s family . ’ l . a C row e Jacob s oldest son Hiram Es u , married M ary — Hain es , and we thin k remained i n M aryland most likely

n o w . S dead His oldest ister , Jerusha Elizabeth , married

David Baile . They w ere D unkard peopl e ; lived i n or n ear

Baile , Carroll Cou nty , Md . M r . Baile is dead , can n ot say w t whether th e wido is still living or n ot . It appears hat ’ Crow el s him 1 5 0 Jacob gran dfather , Jacob Hai n es , willed $ “ as a n amesake gift . That n o doubt helped to make a pet in l of Jacob , so he remain ed Mary an d with th e H ain es

six e w people in stead of doing like his broth rs , go ith his f o ather to Ohio . Th e records show that Jac b Hai nes mad e l 8 0 1 8 1 9 . his wil on July , I do not now know the date w when the will as probated . 1 4 1 8 8 4 O n April , , we fin d Michael and Elizabeth Hain es

Crow el the of f t , con veyin g lands , on ce property his a her , w l ro N . 4 C e . b . . o 6 Michael , to George Orn dorf See Li er J S ,

1 09 of of F e t folio , on e the land records r derick Coun y , M d . W e n ext fin d the said Michael Cro w el togeth er w it h six of f his so ns located as armers i n Stark an d Carroll Counties ,

Ohio , where they h ave becom e a n umerous an d highly CR OW EL 1 6 HISTORY . respected p eonle ; will compare favorably w ith any other equally large con nection of relatives to be fou nd i n Christen 1 8 9 8 dom . Up till the secon d day of August , , I had n ever met any of them ; i n reaching Min erva , on e of the great

ro w el C centers , I had to stop over a couple ho urs at Canton . W hile there I fel l i n with a gentleman living n ear Mi nerva ; I took occasion to ask if the re were any Crow elpeople living “ l him he h . n ear ; replied , yes , ots of t em I n ext asked him “ m as to what kin d of folks they were ; he replied , ostly farmers , and very good people ; that if all were like they law are , we would n eed n o law , b ut would be a u nto our selves . of The combined el oqu en ce a Patrick Hen ry , a Clay ,

W m . . f t . W ebs er , J B ryan , could n ot have more avorably impressed my mind .

w as My visit to the friends at Min erva , Ohio , partly to study Crow el history an d to attend the yearly reunion of the

Crow el U nk erfer Haines , an d people , which is always held in u u W O . e o n the first Thursday A g st n ear Min erva , hio

m a had a pretty nice eeting , though the i ncessant rai ns for day or tw o precedi ng the meeting greatly hindered .

u v D rin g my brief isit among the friends u p there , I was

r l l- - . C ow e the guest of Cousi n Thomas T , a wel to do farmer ,

tw o r . . an d his han dsome twin sons , Mo ris D an d Harris J

fo r an d their sister Maud . Many thanks kind treatment . I can n ot pass with out a few remarks tou chin g those t w in s ; they are so n early alike that I could n ot distinguish on e from the other . They were not u nlike th e twi n boys that Coxey

‘ W h b o s we re saw i n Missouri . ile the twi n y seated before hi m for an exami nation—an d older sister seated n ear them “ Coxey remarked : W ell i ndeed they do look very much ” “ : Y es S i alike . The sister said , they are very much alike that mother gave the castor oil to the wro ng o ne the other ” e l n day . Coxey applied the simile to Cl ve a d and Joh n

CR W EL 1 8 O HISTORY .

Crow el Crow el Crow el Crow el Daniel , James , Bert , Mary

Crow el h Crow el H ub Crow el Hoops , George , Mic ael , , Hiram

w l Crow l Crow el . Cro e e Cro w el , Joh n T , Lloyd , Charles l—1 2 l . Crow e l Crow e O d W . O rie , George J years , Isaac l Crow e . , etc ” A word to these Cr iw els about dropping the “ e an d spelling the n ame with on e syllable . All the Ol der on es i n tw o — the seventeenth century spelt it with syllables n ot on e . “ ” “ ” “ ” Croull Crow el in Crau el Thus , , i n English ; German , , “ ” “ ” Krauel , Grauel . See old deeds .

Crow els l - - These are general y thrifty , well to do farmers many of them the owners of farms . In politics they are gen erally Democrats ; i n church matters they are largely

Christian or Disciples i n faith . It may be asked how are they related to the writer of

? t Crow el this In reply will say , that my fa her , Hen ry , was a first cousi n of the Michael Crow el that was the father Of

n m b n . th e seve son s heretofore n a ed , thei r fathers ei g b rothers

the I n ot My father an d M ichael being n ear same age , doubt

I but that they had been playmates n their boyhood days . l M l My fath er was on e year an d a half o der than ichae . The latter must have been some 1 6 or 1 8 years Old when father moved to Virginia .

W e n ow Crow el come to the history of Hen ry , son of

Crow el o t l Henry an d Margaret , an d a brother Michae ,

Dewalt and John Crow el. Unfortu nately we have been able to learn but little about his history ; but we take it for granted that he left Marylan d latter part of the seventeenth u n C cent ry or early i n the eightee th century for Green ounty ,

O n $ . fi nd hio , settling ear enia , Ohio Later o n we a Hen ry l S Crow e . who had a ister that married a M r Steele , an other F S . son Of o nts ister married a M r Fouts ; a which , Riley , is

is u still living i n Dayton , and quite a u sef l an d respected

J r. n citizen . This Henry , , died i n the seventies , aged early 1 00 years ; some of his children say that he was 1 02 years old W EL 1 9 CRO H ISTORY .

T w o n ow at the time Of his death . of his children are living

W r M s. . in . Dayton , Ohio , M rs Ellen olf an d M argaret Lan e

O ne of his daughters married a M r . G ain . Sh e died at

O n . Lon don , hio , leaving some children ; amo g them Dr

d O . Charles Gain , of Lon on , hio It has bee n said that this

l r had Crow el w ho Crow e J . Hen ry , , a brother , George , went i nto the army during the w ar of 1 8 1 2 an d was n ot heard of ’ ’ ever after . Hen ry s children claim that his father s n am e w as Cun rad Crow el; t hat wo uld make the older Henry hi s

W for grandfather . e can not vouch the accuracy of this part of the history .

W Crow el There is a John . who is recorder of Cham i n a . p g Cou nty , at Urbana , Ohio He is a Methodist an d ’ Republican ; says his father s n ame w as W illiam Crow el an d his grandfather w as n am ed Jacob Crow el; that is as far back J his . b as he can trace ancestors I am at a loss to place aco ,

k so n ofJ Ohn Crow el but thin he was a , brother to Michael C .

W e now m Crow el son co e to Dewalt , of Henry an d

Crow el Margaret , an d brother to Mi chael , Henry an d Joh n

r w l W w row el C o e . e C fin d this D e alt , togeth er with his h Crow el of O 1 7 9 0 brot er Joh n , o n the eighteenth day ctob er , , con veying a tract of lan d i n F rederick Cou nty , Md . , called “ ’ ” W H . illiam s Neglect , to on e Hugh agan O n the same day we fin d the said Dewalt Crow el transferring to his brother

t “ r 2 8 5 Joh n , a ract of lan d known as Bear Ga den , acres , ’ being the farm set apart i n his father s will for the use of W th ei r mother . e find Dewalt Signing his n ame i n German ” his Crauel characters , spelling n ame either or Krauel

n E the Cr l ow e . his broth er Joh wrote in nglish , spelling n ame

Dewalt married M iss Juliana Nutz . To them were born eight children , fou r boys an d fou r girls , Michael , Hen ry ,

J r J . acob and Dewalt , , Susan n ah , M ary , Nancy and Sarah .

Susan nah married , i n Virginia , Mr . Adam Bousman ; they reared up a family but we have l ost them . Nan cy married

a . W a F i Mr illi m raim ; they too , reared up a fam ly , but they 20 CROW EL HISTORY .

. tw o are lost to us Mary , Or Polley , it would appear had or W n three hu sbands , raised up five children , illiam Cu rte , R N M Hiram eddick , ancy arker , Mary Stutler and a M ahala ; h s e . W do not know whom married Except illiam , th e l others all brought up fami ies . Nan cy , that married Lewis

Marker , lived to a good old age , reared up a large and respectable family , children m ostly living . Mary , that mar w ried Joh n Stutler , also lived to a good old age ; died a wido , f her husband having been killed by lightni ng . Several o

her Children are still living . Hiram Reddick died at Hollen

1 8 1 8 9 9 w six l . berg , Kansas , Jan u ary , ; left a ife an d chi dren ’ h s W m . His wife s name is Sarah ; e is still livi ng . C urtin w l . Cro e died without a family , having n ever married Sarah married Hen ry Eagle ; to them were born some eight or nin e

all n ow children ; dead except Joh n Eagle , Mary Treon , of

O . Bryan , hio , and Eliza Gebhart , of Miamisbu rg , Ohio W Joh n Eagle is i n his eighties , lives n ear est Carrollton , u Ohio . A nt Sallie was a splendid wom an , reared u p an

. son Orace i nteresting family There was on e , Ea g le , wh o was

d as as the a gran person age , h e had a soul big Allegheny n w ho Mou tain s , left a wife an d six or eight children , are

. n I generally doing well Some of them are livi g n Dayton ,

Crow el w as u 2 0 1 7 9 5 Ohio . Sarah Eagle born Aug st , ; mar

eied 22 1 8 1 5 u 1 5 1 8 79 to Hen ry Eagl e Ju n e , ; died A gust , ; 1 8 8 1 1 5 . aged years , months an d days

W e Crow el son omitted to state that D ewalt , of Hen ry an d Margaret Crow el w as born i n or about the year 1 7 5 0 ; in 1 7 7 2 married to Julian a Nutz ; was a farmer , moved his

family from Frederick Cou nty , M aryland , i nto Virginia som e

1 7 9 0 1 7 9 4 for time between an d ; settli ng a short time ,

perh aps , i n Botetou rt Cou nty , then to Frankli n Cou n ty , remaining there several years ; then ce to Montgomery and 1 8 08 P . reble Cou nty , Ohio Some of them came to Ohio i n , O oth ers may have come to hio earlier than th at date , an d m a m T m m a others y have co e later . hrough so e isund erst n d CR U W E L H [ S T OR Y

w a f he ing bet een them , Dew lt an d his wi e parted ; dying at

his son Crow el J r. e n Dewalt , , n ar Covi gton , Miami Coun ty

d R ev olu 1 7 8 9 . Ohio , i n the year He serve a term i n th e tion ary war ; was a brave soldier i n that gre at struggl e for ’ n a liberty . His wife died at her daughter Sallie Eagle s , e r

W O . est Carrollto n , hio Hope they are fully recon ciled i n

n n . the Spirit La d , whither they have go e

son Crow el u 8 0 Th eir oldest , Michael , was born Jan ary ,

1 7 7 8 a l . W , i n Frederick County , M ry and h en grown up to s m manhood , h e m oved with the re t of the fa ily an d frien ds to Virginia ; then ce later to Ohio , m arryn an d settling d own o n a nice 1 60- acre tract of lan d on west side of Preble

O . Cou n ty , hio

w as had his He a strong , muscular man ; ere long lan d . u l of converted i nto a fruitf l farm , where he raised a fami y

— : nin e children two girls and seven son s D ewalt , Hen ry ,

Jacob , Joh n , Hiram , Mich ael , James , Mary an d Sallie . M ary n u married a man n amed C reaso , raising p a family . Sallie married a M r . Plummer , they also raised up a family ; where abouts of either of the tw o families is u nk nown to th e writer . Many of th e boys where noted coon hu nters an d horse m doctors , gi ving b ut little attention to literature or ental an d cultivation i n gen eral , save except Joh n an d Hen ry .

w f r The form er as a petti ogger o lawyer . The l atter i n his younger days w asa popular school teacher ; mad e a trip to a C lifornia gold min es i n early days ; married his secon d wife ,

m Miss Lucinda Mumford , formerly of Miami City , Mi a i h . is County , Ohio , raised a big family He and broth er Jacob are sai d to be still living , Henry at Raber , Ind . , and Jacob at

Richmond , In dian a . The oth ers are all dead an d their l W descendants are scattered over Indian a , especial y hitley l . C row e his f Cou nty Michael , their father , died on arm i n

P e 1 8 5 8 . H w as reble Cou nty , Ohio , som time i n e an h onest , a hard working f rmer . CROW EL 22 HISTORY .

is . Crow el is It said that Hen ry C , of Raber , Indian a , i n possession of an ancient konch sh ell that his great - grand

Crow el d in father , Henry , used in calling to i n ner , Frederick

Cou nty , Maryland , his fou r son s , Dewalt , Michael , Hen ry

28 5 - d an d Joh n , when out at work o n the acre farm , calle “ ” . 1 5 0 Bear Garden Said relic is n ear years old .

w e now Crow el D an d come to Jacob , son of ewalt

. w as O Juliana Crowell This Jacob born , perhaps , on ctober 20 1 7 7 5 w as in the , ; born while his father out th e war of the

so . Revolution , traditio n h as it He wen t with the rest of 1 th n ear relatives to Virgi nia , latter part of the 7 centu ry , in n u 1 8 08 n marrying and remaining Virgi ia ntil , whe he an d a n umber of other Crow el friends moved to Montgom ery

W e in 1 1 . 8 2 1 8 1 County , Ohio find him buying acres of d lan d o n Bear C reek . He improved said lan s an d lived on 20 1 8 5 1 the farm u ntil December , , when he was killed by an i accidental upsetting of his wago n at Bear Creek br dge , near M O . Liberty , ontgomery Cou nty , hio At the time of his

he w as m 7 6 death a hal e , hearty , fine looking man , aged so e

Crow el 9 years . His wife , M ary Magdalen a , died January , “ l ” 1 8 66 9 1 . , aged years They are both bu ried at Sugar Hil ,

W A O . near est lexand ria , Preble Coun ty , hio They had born

fi ve u nto them children , three boys , Dewalt , Jacob an d Peter ;

tw o . . girls , Sophia an d Su san The boys were all farmers

m w e Dewalt married an d reared up a fa ily of children , but

a r w el have n either the n umber nor n am es . J cob C o married

an An derson ; she was a splen did woman . To them were

born th ree children , two girls and on e son , Jacob . He is

of has married an d living o n a part the old homestead farm , some family and is i n good circumstan ces ; has a nice looking

H is . helpmate . sister Elizabeth married a Mr Baer ; they

are both dead . The other sister , Magdalen e , married M r .

- - O . John Glick , a well to do tobacco merchant of Eaton , hio m an d They have two daughters , both arried livin g n ear thei r

. G parents ; all appa rently very happy M r . lick is a good 28 CROW E D H ISTO RY .

Democrat ; h e an d family are members of the Christian

Ch urch . Crow el son Crow el Peter , third of Jacob , was a farm er ;

tw o d married a Miss Death , by whom he had born aughters , the names with the number of their descendants of either or

Crow el both we are u nable to give . Susan m arried Dani el Nin e ; to them were bor n tw o daughters ; think th ey both

d . . marrie Deaths Their history i n detail , I am un able to give

Crow el n Sophia , daughter of Jacob an d Mary Magdale e

row el the C , was born i n Virgi nia early i n eighteenth century ; h moved wit her parents to Montgomery Cou nty , Ohio , in the year 1 8 08 or about that date ; wh en grown up to woman S hood , marri ed Daniel Shock , by whom he had eight or ni n e children ; n amely , Catherin e , S usan , Mary , Barbara , Sophia ,

d . Elizabeth , Lucin a , Aaron

Catherin e married Frederick Aukerman . She has on e

n m - - so livi ng , Solomo n Auker an , a well to do D unkard farmer i n quite good circumstances ; he has a family of several bright , i ntelligent an d i nteresting children . His

him . is 9 mother lives with him , or n ear to She about 7 years old ; feeble i n health , an d n early blind . I visited them 1 8 9 8 the . on fou rth of July , , had a very pleasant visit

O ostofiice German , Dark County , hio , is their p address . h l Catheri n e was t e o dest of the family . I remember well visiting her father an d mother when th ey lived o n a farm i n O the Preble County , hio , when children were all at hom e

T . yet . hey were friendly , nice cousins Susan Shock

d rfi P D ear o . u married eter M ary married Jaco b A kerman . W W Barbara m arried illiam oodring . Elizabeth m arried

Joh n Bowers . Sophia married Israel B rubaker . L ucin da m arried John Brubaker . This is all I know about the last h six . named except t at Sophia married a secon d tim e , a M r ff Solomo n Ho . ’ W e come n o w to Sophia an d Daniel Shock s o nly m ale h child born them , Aaro n S ock . Aaron Shock , when grow n CROW EL H S O 24 I T RY .

up to manh ood , married Miss Sarah B rubaker ; to them were

n tw o f bor gi rl babies , but u n ortun ately both died i n infan cy ,

dyi ng of cholera i nfantum . They adopted an d raised on e

girl who is married and living away . Later they took or adopted a second girl while yet young an d who is n ow nearly

1 00- f of age . M r . Shock lives o n a nice acre arm about a

. is mile from Ridgeway , Howard Cou nty , Ind He of the

D unkard faith . a good Christian an d a model citizen ; of that “ ” kin d that are a law u nto themselves . The Crow el people an d their descendants having becom e m all so scattered , any leaving n o reco rds of th eir families at

comeatable , that i n many instan ces we were u nable to fin d d ata upon which to p redicate any minute or extended

history of many of them .

Crow el the Hen ry , secon d son of Dewalt an d Julian a

Crow el Crow el w as ' m (Nutz) , an d grandson of Hen ry , born i 1 9 1 4 7 7 . Frederick Cou nty , Maryland , January , He was

m - fi ve raised o n a far abou t forty miles from Baltimore . I ’ r have often heard him speak of the Potomac rive , Harper s

in the Ferry , the ancient an d great swarm of bees situ ate f rocky cliffs O the Potomac river .

m Crow el The whole fa ily , together with his un cle Joh n , moved to Virginia some time between th e years 1 7 9 2 an d 1 7 9 4 fo r tw o , stopping a season or , perhaps , i n Botetou rt

Co unty . I well remember hearing father speak of F in castfe and Botetou rt Cou rthouse ; have heard him say that h e

usually hauled his tobacco to Ly nchburg market , stating

that when the load was weigh ed an d paid for , that the

him . merchant always presented with a bottle of rum . That fi n was the r ule with all patron s . But I d from old receipts

Crow el his ff Hen ry paying tax to John Hale , Sheri of

r far 1 8 01 am Franklin Cou nty , Vi ginia , as back as ; u nabl e

sa how in to y much earlier they settled Franklin County . I re m ember hearing fath er say that he served a term i n “ W ” 1 9 4 7 . the hiskey Insu rrectio n i n , going from Virgi nia

26 CR OW EL HI ST O RY .

o f his death , which took place on the evening of September 1 0 1 4 d 8 6 . , At the time of his death he own e some lands in

’ A u laiz H l ft e . e e Mercer , g an d Allen County , Ohio an estate valued at about after begi nn ing i n the wild woods and reari ng up a family of seven children . B ut fath er w as greatly assisted in the nobl e help mate he had to help him i n all his trials an d difficulties

F ew n ' through life . better women tha mother ever lived

a d o t sh had n o pride or selfishness , only to right wi h every on e ; no partiality Sh own by her to any on e . I n ever kn ew off my parents to turn any on e seeking lodgment ; or hungry , to go u nfed . They had both been members of the Lutheran or German

R . h eformed ch urch In politics father was a Democrat , thoug n ot ultra . w as P 7 1 7 7 7 Mother born i n en n sylvania , December , ; f 8 1 8 5 8 o . died , October , , dying consumptio n Fath er died l of genera dropsy . w W e n o d . come to Mary , their ol est child Sh e was n J 25 1 8 02 d bor i n Frankl in Coun ty , Virginia , un e , ; die , 8 7 1 8 5 . S September , She died ingle , having met with an h w u nfortu nate love matter in her gi rlhood days . S e as an

a honest , h rd working woman ; a noted spi n n er and weaver ; l a nice , c eanly housekeeper . She was living with mother at

h e sh the time of her death . S ortly previous to her d ath e

few h ad visited relatives i n Indiana , came home well , i n a

days death ensued .

Crow el w as n David born i n Fran kli Cou nty , Virgini a , 4 1 8 04 December , ; died i n M ontgomery Cou nty , Ohio , i n

u 1 8 7 2 . w as Aug st , He raised up a farmer ; a sm all man , bu t wiry an d strong ; a great worker ; noted for keepin g fat

of horses , and for the large amou n t maple sugar he made

h a eac year ; making eight or ten barrels in on e se son , besides

of a large quantity molasses . He had but little education , n greatly preferring hard labor to mental cultu re . He did ot R W EL 2 C O HISTORY . 7 marry u ntil rather Old ; then married a young woman that f proved bad . They had som e three or ou r children , but f n o their fathership bei ng extremely doubt ul , accou nt has been kept of th em by his frien ds .

l Crow el w as Ju iana born in M ontgomery County , Ohio ,

O 2 8 1 8 1 6 1 8 1 8 9 4 . ctober , ; died , F ebruary , She married

n l m b : n He ry Fisse . T o the were orn four children amely , W Rebecca , David , Joh n an d illiam David died single while in Carroll Cou nty , In dian a . Rebecca married a M r . h tw m . o W Han non . They ave girls an d four boys ; thei r

a u . p rents live i n D arke Co nty , Ohio Joh n married when l yo u ng , th ey had severa children . He an d his wife parted w l for a hi e , then came together again , when h e took sick and

1 8 9 7 . died i n May , He was a n ice little man , but was

f t e W m un or un ate i n sel cti ng a wife . illia Fissel is still

o S . ingle , own s the home place on which his m ther died W illie is a shy old bachelor , but quite a good sort of a m an .

O . Address Union , hio

J w as ulia Fissel a ki n d an d good moth er , a loving wife , and a frie nd to all arou nd her ; tried to m ake everybody happy n ear her .

W e Crow el so n n ow come to th e writer , Hen ry , of

l Crow el n ee . w as Hen ry and E izabeth , Cress He born i n 4 1 8 1 9 Montgomery Cou nty , Ohio , October , , working on a 20 ld farm u ntil years O . After that either went to school or t 1 4 6 n th aught school u ntil th e year 8 . O October 6 of that W year h e married Elizabeth Anderson , daughter of illiam and M ary Anderson ; a few weeks thereafter moved up i nto l h E izabeth Town ship , Miami C ou nty , Ohio , t ere going i nto the grocery store busin ess , con ti n uing i n that busin ess u ntil 1 8 7 1 , then moved to Dayton , Ohio . During his stay i n Miami Coun ty he served a term or tw o as township

ten trustee , later served years witho ut rotation as township

. 1 8 1 8 4 8 treasurer Meanwhile on November , , their daughter , n Crow el Je nie , was born , the only child they ever had . 2 CROW EL 8 HIST O RY .

W w as C l hen of proper age , sent to Glen dale Femal e ol eg e

Cro w el for four years , graduati ng with high honors ; but she ,

’ like , prefers hard labor to mental application . She is single in Oh an d still living with her paren ts Dayton , io , which n makes it very n ice in their old age . Si ce living i n Dayton he has given the most of his time to the real estate i n n the and trade , wr ti g occasio ally for p ress , is the

of f of Crow el author Down all Jerusalem , and is publish ing “ ” - th f e o . History , o r Foot Prints i n San ds Time Also seven

i nteresting Bible essays . The writer has always sought

is knowledge rather than wealth . He fon d of books , having

n th r w l quite a library of his ow . He reverses e C o e rule to

prefer hard labor to mental application . He has always H w . o tried to live an honest , sober , temperate life far he

has succeeded i n so living will be left to oth ers to j udge . In

politics , he is a Democrat ; i n religion , Restorationist or “ Un iversalist , fully believing i n the Fi nal restitutio n of all ” 1 5 24 - 2 1 2 1 8 . 5 : 8 8 : things . See I . Cor . ; Rev ; Acts

H aving grouped th e Ohio an d Indian a friends separately ,

do n ot observe priority of age i n treating thereof.

n Crow el son Cro w el Joh , of Henry and Elizabeth , was l N 28 1 8 08 H is in . born Frank in Cou nty , Virgi nia , ovember ,

n w as p arents moved to Ohio in 1 8 08 . Joh raised up a

w as farmer . After he of age , he worked out by the month

for som e time . Then learned the cooper trade ; worked at O n in 1 8 2 7 1 8 2 8 that several years i n hio ; the , or , he m arried ff 1 8 8 0 1 8 8 1 Mrs . Jan e Fin cher , n ee Je ries ; in , o r , they ’ moved to Carroll Cou nty , Indian a , takin g Squatte r s ” Claim on some nice lan d ; later o n paid for them an d got a

h : deed . To them were born four c ildren Isabel , Sarah ,

w . Rebecca an d Hen ry . Later on e will n otice them Joh n m an b u t was n ot a large , wiry and very en ergetic , an f w i ncessant worker . In a e years h e had cl eared u p a

his w n o . quantity of land , en abling him to cultivate land H of h e thus raised grai n and stock , especially hogs , which e W EL CRO HISTORY . 9

d istill r w ith h h w as . e e fond Later o n ran a Small y , w ich made some m on ey . He was elected j ustice of the peace , serving for several years ; when he w as elected cou nty com tw o mission er , serving a term or ; it has been sai d he m ade a

ffi f w as very e cient O ficer . He a man of good j udgment i n matters in general . He had been importun ed to serve as a

his f n ot representative i n district ; but h e re used th e hon or , In wishing to be absent from home so much . politics h e w as n ot a Democrat . Do kn ow that he was a m ember of

- w as . any chu rch , b ut a benevolent , ki n d hearted m an In his death th e cou ntry lost a good and valu able citizen . His property has been said to be worth forty or fifty thousan d O dollars . Isabel , their oldest child , was born in hio , on e or w t o years prior to their moving to Indian a. Som e years before his death , his first wife , Jane , died . Later on h e

w ho married a seco nd wife , Sarah , su rvived his death .

M r Isabel , when grown up to womanh ood , married a .

T she : im mons , by whom had five children Melissa , F rank , J ane , Sarah an d Perry . Timmons dying , sh e married a M r .

M cM anu s b : A , y whom she had three children lice , Joh n

. I H an d Jacob C . sabel is still living at this date , b ut both

Crow l w as . e husban ds are dead Her sister , Sarah , killed by

She w as a small tree falling o n her i n th e sugar camp , when some ten or twelve years old . She was a bright , han dsome

’

. she girl Her parents took it very hard , havi ng been her ’ l . Crow e m father s pet Rebecca , wh en of proper age , arried a M r . Timmons , by whom they had born u nto them two h : . s e children Twillie an d James Her first husban d dyi ng , h married a secon d Timmons , by w om she had three child ren ; w as S m Samuel , Charles an d Dilla . Rebecca a plendid wo an , t 1 9 6 . O 8 on e tha everybody liked She died i n ctober , ; her seco nd h usban d having preceded her o ne o r tw o years .

W e n ow Crow el com e to He n ry , th e o nly son of Joh n an d

Crow el Jan e , an d fourth child , was born i n Carroll Cou n ty , I H w 1 8 8 7 1 8 5 9 . as n diana , i n the year ; died i n e a bright , CROW EL JE Y 3 0 HIST .

fi ne - m looki ng young man ; married Miss Nice Tim ons , dying o f typhoid fever a Short time prior to the birth of a sorfhis wife b rought i nto th e world . His mother n amed him Joh n

Crow el Henry ; being nam ed both for his father , Henry , an d

J Crow el. n u grandfather , oh n Joh n He ry , after grow n p to W manhood , married Miss Ren na akelan d . His grandfather

1 8 68 n n dying i n , left for his grandso , Joh Hen ry , som e

or mor e in property an d money . Last accou nts John Hen ry an d wife—had some seven or n in e children ; with legacy all squandered wen ding their way to the far W est his t with the hope of retrieving los fortu n e .

Crow el son Jacob , third and fourth child of Henry an d

l h Crow el n E izabet , was bor i n Franklin Cou nty , Virginia , 1 5 1 8 06 2 6 1 8 8 . H is March , ; died March , 7 parents moved

1 8 08 . w as t n to Ohio i n Jacob b rough u p o n a farm . O 1 7 1 8 8 4 to November , , he was married Mary Cox , daughter t of Richard and Fan nie Cox . Shor ly after m arriage , they l moved to Carro l County , Indian a , settling o n a farm on

u e which they both lived ntil death removed them . He liv d

m all his f o n a far li e ; was a sober , hon est , in dustrious , qu iet

so n u P “ citizen ; conscie tious that , i n th e lang age of aul , He ” was a law u nto hi m self. He w as a kin d father and a loving ” “ h ° . w as husban d Hom e , to him , a little heaven o n eart

r seldom leaving his home . To them were bo n seven chil f t A : n . dren , ou r boys an d hree girls F ran ces , Joh , Rich ard

M . n ow d James , Elizabeth , Mah ala and Hen ry , al l ead but m . . l t n : Hen ry Joh n ef eight childre Arminta , Effie , E ma , ll C . A Grace , harles , Ida , Daisey and John living except

r w l w l 7 C o e . Cro e Grace M ary , wife of Jacob , died M ay , 1 8 8 1 5 7 1 1 2 1 d . , aged years , months and ays Richard

Crow el w as b 2 6 1 8 8 8 orn October , , enlisted i n the Eighty

‘ 1 8 62 w as sixth In diana Regiment Volunteers , August , ; 2 8 1 1 8 6 . killed at the battle of Ston e River , December ,

Crow el w as n 1 8 1 8 4 0 James M adison bor September , ; he too

- e nlisted i n the Eighty Sixth Indi an a Regular Volu n teers . 1 CR OW EL H ISTO RY . 8

s 2 6 Died i n the hospital at Nashville , T en n es ee , December , 1 8 62 w as t , j ust five days before his broth er killed i n hat f n h . P o t e great battle art the girls had bee married , but to best of my kn owledge , left n o issu e .

W e n ow n s com e to Hen ry , the you ge t an d only living

r w l Cr w el child of Jacob C o e an d Mary ( Cox ) o . Hen ry was b w as orn O ctober raised up a farmer , th ough h e l 1 S . 8 7 1 taught chool occasion a ly when young In , he married

his I Miss Mary A . Coch ran , formerly a schoolmate of n th eir

tw o you nger days . To this h appy union , sons have been

8 1 8 8 W . n L . 7 bor , Elliot , September , , and Joh n , August W 2 1 1 8 7 6 . , ell , they are certai nly two i nteresting you ng b u t ho w men ; could they be otherwise than good , with such a father an d mother to teach an d gove r n them ? Their u education is being caref lly looked after . They are all in Democrats ; church m atters , Christian perhaps . Hen ry

n l u l has been emin e t y s ccessfu i n finan cial matters . In a word , they are a model family .

C row el Abrah am , son of Hen ry and Elizabeth ( Cress ) Crow el Cro w el , son of Dewalt and Julian a ( Nutz ) , son of ” “ G ro nll w as Hen ry an d Margaret , born i n M on tgom ery C O 22 1 8 1 4 l ou nty , hio , M ay , , died in Carrol C ounty , J 1 4 1 8 9 8 8 8 Indian a , an uary , ; aged years , seven months an d

2 8 . w as days He raised on a farm , en u red to all the h ard

of m — ships far life , yet he liked the busi ness living an d dying

. b u t n y o n a farm In politics , he was a Democrat , ever n ois ;

n d as i n religion , he was a Germa Baptist , D unkar , or they ” H i l . s are called i n Indian a , Church of God fun era , which

1 7 1 8 9 8 w as took place on Jan uary , , very l argely attended ;

- h the chu rch scarcely holding on e alf the people . His chil d re n bu ried him i n a fi ne casket and steel vault that cost f $ 6 00 ; the finest ever used i n that part o the State .

1 8 1 8 8 5 a On May , , he married Miss C tharin e Million ,

u a o da ghter of J cob Million , of Miami C u nty , Ohio ; to them

: b n were born eight children Eliza eth , Mary , Nancy or An a R W EL 8 2 C O HISTORY .

l n dying i n i nfan cy , Sarah , E len , Ja e , Martha , an d a son , 2 8 1 8 4 8 Alexan der . The mother died March , , dying soon

son w as b . after th e eighth child , a , orn On 8 1 8 5 0 December , , he married his secon d wife , Miss w An n Ne m an , daughter of Joseph Newman , a n ear neigh T o h bor . t em were born seven children , five boys and two l : N . . a girls Joseph , J Hen ry , C th arin e , Abraham , Danie ,

Aman da , an d Rich ard . It appears from a review of his 1 8 8 5 O history , that after marryin g i n , he remain ed i n hio until the year 1 8 4 8 ; durin g that time several of his childre n i n were bo rn . Mov ng to Carroll Cou nty , I diana , he started w as i n with a determinatio n to succeed i n his busin ess . He S n but n o cholar , merely bei g able to read an d w rite ; he was a m an of excellent j udgment i n all b usin ess tran saction s . B esides spendi ng eight or ten thousan d dollars i n trying to regai n his health , he died leaving an estate valu ed at acquiring the n ame of th e Fin an cial Vanderbilt ” of the Crow el people . d 22 1 8 8 7 His secon d wife ied Jan uary , , preceding him

w as of som e ten years . He fortunate i n each his selections a helpmate , they havi ng encou raged an d rendered val uable ’ all n e service i n his u d rtakings ; like Moses sister Miriam , ” “ f r I u his o . n they held p hands him conclusion , Abraham ‘ W n w Crow el was an hon es t man . e will o notice a part of his in r descen dants , which all , children , gran d an d g eat gran dchild ren , exceed n in ety . Child re n by first wife : E lizabeth Crow el w as born i n 1 1 8 8 6 n Mo ntgomery County , Ohio , May , ; married E os 5 8 u 2 1 8 8 . . Yo n t , November , M r You nt died January ,

1 8 9 4 a 67 1 1 8 . , ged years , mon th and days He was M ayor of B radford , Ohio , at the tim e he died . To th em were born

n t w s n O 1 8 54 . a 7 : . six child re n E H You bor ctober , , died 1 6 1 8 5 4 w as m 1 1 8 5 5 October , ; Mary Ellen born Dece ber 6, , 22 1 8 7 8 and married to F ran k B . Hellman , July , ; Sarah

2 8 1 8 5 8 W m . Florence w as bo rn May , , married to Moore

8 4 CROW E L HISTORY .

ff W l h r kin d and a ectionate mother . e sha l all miss e very ’

is . . P much . M r Briney s address ittsburg , Indian a

— - — Jan e Crow el an out and - out Crow el m arried Joseph n h Heiny ; to them were born seve or eig t children . Children T h . e divided , part i n O regon , part in Indiana parents , with

d n . their aughters Clara , Blanche an d Katie , livi g i n Indiana R fi n e d ecently Clara , an un usu ally girl an d ressmaker , died — h called away in t e prime of life . Blanche is a High School “ — . a graduate at Delphi , Indiana Katie is the babe very bright , scholarly , young girl of som e ten or twelve years . i ostoffi ce d r s . Their p ad ess Delphi , In diana o Old M rs. Jan e Heiny b ught the homestead farm on

he which , r father lived and The eighth an d only mal e child born of Catherine C row eldied of scarlet fever when three

fi n . or four years old . He was a e looking child His secon d ’

r : N . ll u wife s child en Joseph , a bright , inte igent an d s ccess

f T ri le —of her n ful armer , married Miss Amanda pp t I eed sa ld only y, th at with such a wife as she , he wou n ot be poor though he had n ot a. dollar i n the world ; to them w ere born

J . m Maggie , Blanche , Lacy , Milto n , en nie M aggie arried a

. n . G . M r Irelan , Bla che married a M r in n ; both have children ’ f W . Crow el son b usiness ik e Milton , th ei r only , is a bright , d

. P ostoflice a youn g gentleman , single address , Loco , Indi na

l i . Ci ow e s S Joseph N splen d idly ituated . ‘ Catherin e Cro w el m ari ie d Hen ry Bri n ey ; they had boril t son be ld un o them a that lived to eight or ten years O his.

1 8 9 6 S \ mother dying early in August , , the boy took ick an d ’ his h d r died shortly after mot er s eath , dying of typhoid feve .

Crow el l w as i Abraham , while yet sing e , shot on e n ght o n d w by a grain thief ; later die of the wou nd . He as a

- promising young man , aged some twen ty or twen ty on e

o n f ‘ years . He lived the arm with his father at the tim e of the sad occurren ce .

W n ow e . Crow el m an w come to J Hen ry , a ith h eart, bi an d soul as g as the Allegheny mou ntains . J . Hen ry Is a. W E 8 5 CRO L HISTORY .

’ su ccessful farmer , a Democrat an d Christian ; everybody s f riend . He married Miss Ada G reen walt ; to them have b n : an d C een bor fou r children Nellie , Lola , Glen n lyde ;

fi ne - fou r bright , looking child ren ; happy children th ey to h ave such ki n d parents as they are blessed with ; postoffi ce

l . . address , Loco , Carro l Cou nty , Indiana J Hen ry an d ’ l Joseph N . were appoi nted executors of thei r father s wil , estimated to be over

Crow el a Amanda married Gilbert Gates , an ctive , successful farm er ; to them have been born fou r child ren W Goldie , ilber , Abraham an d An nie , fou r bright , nice

ostoffi ce r looking children ; p address , Loco , Ca roll County ,

In dian a .

C row el son Rich ard , youngest of Abraham an d An n

Crow el , is a pushing , skillful farmer ; lives n ear Delphi ,

f w M rs. . e Carroll Cou nty , Indian a A years si nce he married

Id a h fi n e - Fai r ; to t em h ave been born a bright , looking “ l daughter wh om th ey n amed Mable . They are nice y located an d doing well .

I S . There l ocated i n Indian apolis , Indian a , a M r M elvin “ ” . f o e . E C rowell , p roprietor th e C row ll Apparatus Company a b ril liant m an ufactory of high - grade philosophical an d

v ch emical apparatus , etc . Gi e them a call . “ th r w l i Practically this ends my part of e C o e H story . W m n . Crow el O l Cousi , of B radford , hio , wi l complete the balance . I have been an xious to set for th o u r early history as as complete was attainable at this late date . An d in order to do that have had to abridge the modern history . Hope n w n . CR W EL . the frie ds ill appreciate the cha ge H . O P F RE AC E.

w a INCE it is customary to rite a pref ce to all books , I ff may perhaps be pardon ed for o ering thi s. In attempt ing to write a history , I am aware that I am lau n ching out in into a work which I do n ot claim to be particularly fitted , sin ce I lay n o claim to possessing any great literary talent ; m m but as so e on e ust see to it that a history be written , if we wish to preserve a record of ou r people , I am willing to W I d o my part . hile thought much abou t having ou r

e t I people looked up and a record made of same , y do not l m m c ai to be the initial mover in this , but the honor ainly

Crow el O belongs to our venerable Hen ry , of Dayton , hio , wh o has don e so much to preserve ou r history . He , as well n as myself, has spent much time an d m o ey for that pu rpose , and I fear he does n ot get the thanks and encouragement he deserves . In writing this history I do not claim to be able to present to the reader an array of names of persons who are l bright stars i n the iterary , political , scientific or religi ous world ; but the names of people of braw n an d m uscle , who b f were n ot afraid manu al labor , peaceable but strong an d resentful to inj ury , quiet an d u nassuming , n ot aspiring to ffi S p ublic o ce , or to hin e i n the world , b ut are satisfied with the humbler walks of life . Go into the legislative halls of ou r cou ntry , an d you n ever hear his voice the re . Go i nto

of ustice o u see sit the courts j , and y never on e as j udge nor law fi nd as an attorney pl eading the , n or seldom on e litigating i n said cou rts . Go i nto th e cou nty o r state prison s and you Crow l never see a el the re . G Q mm the higher education a CROW EL HISTORY . 3 7

Crow els h b u t i nstitution s , an d you see n o as teac ers th ere , d occasion ally find on e atten ing same . They have n ever tdw n aspired to anything higher than j u stice of th e peace , ship trustee , or cou nty commissi oner or school di rector , an d

l f w w l tw o th on y a e of Such . I kno of on y mi nisters of e

A s Gospel . regards i ntellectual ability , we have n othing to l boast of. All this does n ot particularly prove a ack of S mental capacity , but imply a lack of aspi ratio n to those h p rofessional or literary attainments ; but those wh o ave , d have proved their aptness to learn . Not to ou r knowle ge

n Crow els h is there a crimi nal amo g the , but , of cou rse , t ey

n . T are n ot all a gel s hey are a frugal an d industrious people ,

- - gen erally well to do , som e quite rich . W e are aware that we are not i n fallibl e ; you w ill n o

r . doubt fin d some erro s , both i n language an d i n dates , etc

If you expect to fin d perfection you must look elsewh ere . Som e of ou r frie nds may be disappointed i n n ot finding th e h . an d d names , etc , of theirs or frien ds conclu e that the istory

n . W h . is i complete ell , t is is n o fault of the authors If you had respon ded to ou r call for i nformation it w ould h ave bee n

W fo r and . e n earer complete looked to you i nformation , waited on m any over a year , which was ample tim e to

-S I re pond . t was practically impossible for us to go al l over all h the world an d hu nt up ou r people an d thei r history , en ce h d W e d a to depen d m uch o n corresponden ce . are in ebted to the following person s for valuable aid ren d ered : Samuel

r l iffi r Crow el . . C ow e S t e W m . , David , S n ow , D ewalt , II C

Crow el E li Crow el . , , an d oth ers 1 1 F O . 5 8 9 9 . BRAD ORD , , February ,

W ILLIAM CR OW EL .

Crow el 2d 2 1 7 8 0 D evault was born May , ; died

1 5 1 84 7 67 7 m 1 8 d . December , , aged years , onths an d ays 2 0 1 8 7 1 9 8 1 0 His wife died November , , aged years , mon ths

2 row el w as 6 . C and days Devault born in Frederick Co unty , CROW EL EY 8 8 HIST J .

R Marylan d . He married Salome udy in Virgin i a abou t the

1 8 00. o n year From Marylan d he moved to B tetourt Cou ty ,

r i n Vi gin a , where their first child was born . F rom Virgi ia O ’ they emigrated to near Dayton , hio , n ear th e Soldiers n 1 04 1 8 0 i 8 8 . Home , the year or They lived about Dayton , w ff Ohio , about t enty years , leasing di erent farms . About a 1 8 24 O th e ye r they moved to Miami County , hio , n ear

C 1 60 o r a w ovingto n , where he bought acres l nd , here he

h w as com sum tion lived u ntil his death , w ich caused by p ; h t e . 2d caused by standing in water fishing D evault , ’ his lst an d wife , an d his father , D evault , his wife s father , R f Samuel udy , were buried i n the amily graveyard on the m ho e pl ace . Devault 2d an d his wife and all their

children were m embers of the D u nkard ch urch , there were

Of : M i h l m n ine them Cath erin e , c ae , Sa uel , Sarah , Nan cy , 3 d J Daniel , Elizabeth , D evault , an d acob ; all lived u ntil 8 0 i the oldest was past years old ; all dead at th s date , m 1 1 8 9 8 8 5 n Dece ber , , but Daniel , wh o is n early ; o ly two

a r and 8 7 . re ch ed a g eater age , Katie Sallie , who were about

Crow el of Crow el w as Cath erin e , daughter Devault , 2 1 8 08 4 1 8 9 1 born i n Virgi nia , May , ; died November , ,

8 8 6 2 d . aged years , months and ays She m arried Jon ath an h b 1 8 2 2 . Ni n e August , T ey were m em ers of the D unkard

h m 9 : m c u rch ; to th e were born child ren , viz Salo e , Michael , h Jo n , Nancy , Daniel , Rach ael , Cath eri ne , L ucinda and

Jacob . w as n 2 1 8 2 8 2 8 Salome Nin e bor July , ; died February ,

l 26 1 8 2 5 2 8 Michael Nin e was born Ap ri , ; died May ,

s 2 5 1 8 2 7 John Nin e w a born April , ; resides n ear Etn a is K osciusco n . Green , Cou ty , Indian a His occupation

farming . 1 1 1 8 8 0 b ut Nan cy Nin e was born May , ; dead , date of

death u nknown . L 3 9 CROWE H ISTORY .

w as 1 0 1 8 8 4 Daniel Ni n e born July , ; died September

7 1 8 8 7 s Rachael Ni ne was bo rn M arch , ; re ides n ear

m Of Milford , Indian a , an d is a ember the Progressive D u n k ard ch u rch . N 1 8 1 8 8 9 Cath erin e in e was born September , ; lives i n

Illinois , occupati o n farmi ng . w as O 1 7 1 8 4 1 Luci nda Nin e born ctober , ; died May

8 0 1 8 9 2 w as D . , ; a m ember of the unkard church w as 8 1 8 4 4 Jacob Nin e born Jan uary , ; a farm er , lives

M onu ck u et . n ear q , In dian a

: . Married Salome Nin e to Jacob Fetters , Nan cy to M W nd R . . Stei n , achael to D Tom , Cath erin e to J iland , Lu ci a “ to G eorge Tom . T he reader will see that we h ave nin e ” - Of n Nin es , yet arithmeti cally they lack seventy two footi g

- up eighty on e . Crow el w as 1 7 1 8 06 27 Michael born May , ; died Ju n e ,

8 5 7 9 1 1 0 . l Cro w el 1 8 , a g ed years , month an d days Michae

O . w as born n ear Dayton , hio He m oved with his parents to

O Co n ear Covington , hio , where h e married Elizabeth y ,

1 2 1 8 28 . w as October , She a daughter of Lewi s an d 1 Magdalen e Coy . She is living at this date , December , 1 8 8 8 8 8 8 . 1 8 9 , aged In September , , they emigrated to 1 8 8 4 Elkhart Cou nty , In dian a , then i n moved to Kosciu sko

his C o unty , same state , where h e spen t the remai nder of h H . O f d ays . e was a farmer T ey were members the

T . D unkard chu rch . o th ei r union were born eleven child ren 1 Seven are still living ( December , They are S n W Samuel , usa , Julia , illiam , Hiram , Hagar , James and

Eli . , the rest I have not received

Cro w el Cro w el w as Samuel , son of Michael , born i n

20 1 8 29 w as to Kosciusko , In dian a , November , ; marri ed

n tw o d : i Catheri ne Nice , to whom were bor chil ren Sab n a m an d F rank . Sabin a arried Martin Curry , who moved to

u . n Bradfo rd Co nty , Kan sas F ran k lives o n a farm ear CR W EL 4 0 O HISTORY .

W k . m u . olf La e , Indian a He arried Lul Teagarden Samuel w as re - n married to M ary Li ncol n , to whom were bor six

h W . r . child en T ey live n ear arsaw , Indiana ’ The following are the n ames of Sam uel Crow el s ( son Crow el d of Michael ) chil ren by his secon d wife , Mary R w l L . E l Cro e : . . Lin co n Emma , ose , Jen nie , Ira D an d

Crow el w as 1 8 66 W . . 7 illiam M Emma L born July , ;

married James C . Alleger , an Adams express clerk at Chicago ,

Illin ois . w l 1 4 1 R . Cro e 8 69 ose E was born November , ; married W N . u . m . W T cker , a shoe salesman at arsaw Indian a

J Crow el w as 6 1 8 7 2 en nie born Jan uary , ; married f Albert Shultz , a rescoer an d decorator of Chicago ,

Illinoi s .

Crow el Cro w el S usan , daughter of Michael , was born i n 2 6 1 8 8 2 Kosciusko County , In dian a , September ; married

ffi s S ti e a o . u Eli , who died si xteen years g To their ni on

f l : were born ou rteen children , twelve still iving Emma ,

L ovinia a Denis , Milton , Sarah , , Catherin e , M ry , Tillman

P . erry , David , Marion an d John

m H ufm aste r P etoskia Emma arried a ; they lived at , h Michi gan . Denis lives at Gos en , Indian a . Milton lives at

N m e er l t N w i . a e . M lford Catherin e y y ives Eddy , M exico

F elni n . o Mary Mo ran lives at Elkhart , In dian a an d Perry

live at M azon , Illinois . David , Marian an d Joh n live at iffi f . S t es Syracuse , In diana Eli an d wi e were Du nkards .

C row el u ] w as Julia , da ghter of Michael C r we , born 9 1 8 8 5 n n January , ; married Aaro Lo g , to whom were n born eleve children . They have parted ; her add ress i s

kl sh H ec e e n . y, Indian a , and is a Luthera

W C row el son C ro el w as illiam , of Michael w , born Sep tem ber died November married Lovin a

R a ri h his fi n g , rst wife ; to them were b or one daughter ,

Min ni e . A fter the d eath o f his first wife he w as married a

second time to Jemima Tom . To this union were born six

CR OW EL 4 2 HISTORY .

He an d his wife are members of the United Breth ren chu rch .

: To them were born six ch ildren Nettie , Hattie , Charles , d T reen an s . Cora an d twins , y Tre sy Crow el w as 8 1 8 7 8 Nettie born November , ; died

a 8 0 1 8 7 7 . Janu ry , l 2 1 e Crow e 1 8 7 6 . Hatti was born February ,

Crow el b n Charles M . was or November died

1 9 1 8 7 8 . D ecember , l 9 1 2 Crow e 8 8 . C ora was born February ,

T rees T reen 8 1 8 8 6 . y an d y , twins , were born M arch ,

Crow el S Crow el w a Eli , on of Michael , s born Jan uary n 1 R 2 1 8 5 5 c 9 8 7 9 . , ; m arried Catheri e Carson Mar h , esides

of Old e n ear Milford , Indian a , on part the homestead , s venty

' w as u ffom three acres , which bo ght by his father the ’ government during Martin Van Buren s admi nistration . T o

and Crow el fiv e viz Eli Catherin e were born children , A l J . E izabeth , esse , lva , An n a an d Mary

w s 1 0 1 a 8 79 . Elizabeth born December , 2 1 n 7 8 8 1 . Jesse was bor April ,

n 1 7 1 8 8 6 . Alva was bor April , 1 1 w as 8 8 7 . An na born December ,

2 8 1 8 9 8 . M ary E . was born April , I received a report from Juli a Long ; the follo w ing is it

T he W names of her children are Rebecca , illiam , Martha ,

an d Sarah , Alfred , Michael , Jacob , Ira , John , Harriet W m inia . L ov . , all farmers illia lives at Elkhart , Indian a

. t Rebecca died i n i nfancy Mar ha m arried Joh n Jackson , Si ni . o es lives at Columbu s , Indiana Sarah and Ira live at g , f In diana ; Al red at Sedalia , Missou ri ; Mi chael at Goodman

Station , Indiana .

m Crow el son C e w as Sa uel , of Devault r wel , born 2 5 1 8 08 29 1 8 9 0 8 1 November , ; died August , , aged years , 24 9 . w as months an d days He bo rn n ear Dayton , Ohi o n m C moved with his pare ts to n ear Covington . Mia i ounty ,

t the 1 8 8 2 R airi h Ohio . In abou year he married Elizabeth g , CR OW EL H ISTORY 4 8 w ho m 24 1 8 8 0 66 2 o 2 8 died Nove ber , , aged years , m nths , 1 60 days . After thei r m arriage , th ey bought acres land five ( ‘ miles northwest of ovington , where they both died , as did most of their family . In religio n they were D unkards as most of their family were . To their u n ion were born thir

‘

: S . teen children , viz Jacob , Joh n , Devault , Enos , Daniel ,

Salome , Catherin e , Sam uel And rew , Mary , Levi , Harrison

h . and Elizabet All dead but Devault , E nos , Andrew ,

. 9 1 8 5 2 Catherin e an d Elizabeth Jacob died February , ,

1 8 e 1 1 s 8 . w as aged y ars , month an d days Joh n born 2 1 w 4 1 8 8 4 7 8 9 8 . as November , ; died October , He married to Cath erin e Miller , who still su rvives him . To th em were

f : born our daughters , viz Ellen , M artha , Amanda an d B u Elizabeth . Ellen married Daniel oyer . They are D nkards .

h e They live near th e om place . M artha marri ed Isaac

S . Deeter . Amanda married Joh n Deeter ; h e is dead Eliza

r li io ohn r w l beth marri ed Hen ry Frye . In e g a C o e and d ’ wife were D u nkards . T hey lived a j oi ning his father s farm .

Crow el son Crow el w as Devault , of Sam uel , bo rn $ l O 2 2 1 8 8 6 . . ctober , He married Catheri n e erbe They ive h w n f o . o n ear B radford , O io , a farm He is a minister the

as gos pel . They are D unkards , are all of his children , of l six : B . which there are , viz Samuel , E izabeth , Maria , l . C row e Abraham , Joseph A . and Mary . Sam uel B married n Lydia Moore , of Loga County , Ohio , where he lives an d where hi s wife died . He is a farmer .

W e Elizabeth married D . . Inman , a school t acher an d

f . . . m armer Maria married S S Milter , a far er , formerly a

w l w as 6 1 8 1 t . C ro e 7 school each er Ab raham born April , ;

i 2 1 8 8 9 . J r w l t l 6 . C o e d ed April , oseph A at en ded co lege at

n . Hu tingdo n , Pen nsy lvania ; is a school teacher Mary

Crow el a P W ooner Cath eri ne m rried hilip , a teacher an d clerk in a dry goods store i n B radford , n ear where nearly all ’ e Devault s childr n live . 4 4 CR OW E L H IST ORY .

Crow el of l w as 1 1 1 8 8 8 E nos , son Samue , born April , ; H O married an n ah Mohler , of n ear Bradford , hio , m oved to

is f Mi chigan , Barry County . He armer an d a member of

the . D unkard chu rch To th em were born three children ,

: . viz Ruben , Min a and Ida

l s n r w l . Crow e o C o e w as Daniel S , of Sam uel , born

1 8 1 8 8 9 1 5 1 8 9 0. November , ; died September , He lived o n p art of the old homestead . He married M atilda Harman .

m S : To the were born ix children , viz Amelia , Elizabeth , l M ina , Ida , Alice an d Charles . Amelia married So omon

, r W b W . z arn er Eli abeth ma ried e ster Shellen barger , living in Piqua . Mi na married Joh n Basho r . Ida married Albert

W arn er .

Cro w el Crow el Salome , daughter of Samuel , was born 1 4 2 2 5 1 Sh J 1 5 8 8 9 8 . e an uary , ; died September , was

married to Newton Mau rer ; n o children . He is also dead .

Crow el Crow el w as Catherine , daughter of S amuel , born 4 w 2 1 8 4 as u . May , ; married to Isaac B r mbaugh To them

: were born five children , viz Mary , Samuel , Daniel , Charl es ,

ow n m Edward and Harley . They a far near Russia , Shelby n Cou ty , Ohio . They are members of the Dunkard church ,

m . w E as are so e of their children Mary as married to d .

B reece . Daniel married Emma Rhodes . Samuel married

w M ary Brubaker . Charles married Mary La rence . Edward

W a nd n a married Cora ells . Daniel Edward live ear Russi , O h all hio C arles and Samuel live near Covington , Oh io ,

farmers .

Crow el son r w l d . C o e Samuel R , of Samuel , die M arch 24 5 1 9 1 8 7 1 28 . , , aged years , months and days , single

Cro w el so n of u Crow el b Andrew , Sam el , was orn 2 1 4 th 9 8 8 . e December , He is a farmer an d a member of

n . i Du kard church He married C ntha Harris . To them

: fa were born sixteen children , viz O rra E . ( died i n i n ncy ) ,

A . s W C . W . C . illiam , Jen nie , Samuel , Joseph , O car , Oliver ,

Orpha , Thomas , Claren ce , Cora an d Nora ( twins , died i n CROW E D H ISTORY . 4 5

d n n an . i fa cy ) , L aura , B arbara ( dead ) , twi n s , died in infan cy J in oseph Calvi n en listed th e late war with Spai n , b ut was n ot called in to active service .

Cro w el C ro w el w as Mary , daughter of Sam uel , born

2 1 8 5 1 1 9 1 8 9 8 . August , ; died December , She was married to M . S . Hahn , a minister of the D u nkard ch u rch , to whi ch hi d s wife and some of the chil ren belon g ed . She died i n

f l . In dian a , where h e and his ami y live To them were born S A lw ild a l ix children , viz Elizabeth , , Almeda , Samu e , Sarah and Joh n .

Crow el Crow el 1 4 1 8 58 Levi , son of Samuel , died May , , 8 aged days .

Crow el Crow el s Harrison son of Samu el , di ed Augu t 2 9 1 8 5 5 1 2 1 8 . , , aged year , months an d days

Crow el d of C row el E lizabeth , aughter Samuel , was born u 2 1 W 8 5 9 . J ly , ; m arried Howard ilkeson To them were

r : W bo n five children , viz Catherine , Samuel , i lliam , Mary

i . f s . is an d Gladys . Howard a day laborer His wi e a mem ber of the D unkard church .

Crow el Crow el 2d Sarah , daughter of D evault , was born 2 0 1 8 1 0 2 9 1 8 9 8 8 8 1 t A pril , ; died M ay , , aged years , m on h 9 h w . b an d days She first marri ed Jaco S piller , to w om ere

: a born seven children , viz Matilda , Dan iel , Salome , Dev ult , W Jacob , Elizabeth and illiam . M atilda was born September B P . married eter earl ey , date of death u nkn own 1 . 8 Daniel m arried Catherin e M arker He was born August , 1 8 8 2 O d , ( date of death u nkn own ) n ear Covington , hio , move i w h . w as to M chigan , ere he died Salome Spiller bor n

O 5 1 8 84 . G a ctober , She married eorge F ckler , moved to

. w as 2 8 1 8 8 6 m Kansas Devault Spiller born Ap ril , ; arried

R airi h a . Mary g , moved to Bangor , Michig n He is a farm er , a min ister of the Old B rethren or Du nkard chu rch . J aco b

r 1 4 1 d t J . 8 8 8 Spiller , , was born D ecember , , date of ea h

. w as 2 0 1 8 4 1 u nkn own E lizabeth Spiller born Jan uary , , l 1 . W 6 other dates unkn ow n illiam Spi ler was b orn M ay , 4 CR OW EL 6 HISTORY .

1 8 4 8 M ilhnff ; married Margaret , lives i n Shelby Cou nty ,

Crow el w h . as O io Sarah Spiller , n ee , married the secon d n time to Joseph L ong e ak er. To this u m on were born fou r

d : an d chil ren , viz Nan cy , Jemima , Harriet Joseph . Nan cy

w a 5 1 8 4 8 a s born August , ; m rried a Hollinger , other dates

. w as u 1 5 1 8 51 a unk nown Jemima born Febr ary , ; m rried

D eetes. P Isaac They live near leasan t Hill , Ohio He own s m a tile factory . They are embers of the P rogressive

u . w as 9 1 8 5 8 . D nkard church Harriet born November , She

W a married illiam Helmick ; they live n ear Pleas nt Hill ,

w as bo 1 1 8 5 6 C Ohio . Joseph rn Jan uary , ; married h ristin a

s l l L n n ak er D eete P . o e , live n ear easant Hi l , Ohio Sarah g an d both of her husbands were members of the D unkard

w . church . They ere farm ers ; all dead

Crow el Crow el 2d w as Nan cy , daughter of Devault , born

f e d of 1 1 1 8 1 2 . February , I am n ot in orm d of the ate her

i w as i death , but th n k it i n about She marr ed G eorge n S now . To this u nion were born n i e children , viz Salome ,

n R ocene W a Be j amin , Devault , Catherine , y, George , illi m ,

n Nancy and Mary . Salom e S ow was born July f n n 4 a . died ged our years Be j ami S now was born Jun e , th 1 8 8 9 20 1 8 64 . e , died Se ptember , He en listed i n U nion

w as r M ilhuff. army i n 1 8 68 . He mar ied to Margaret

C w as 2 5 1 84 3 . P . . atherin e Sn ow born May , M arried J M ll i iuff. To them were born five children , viz George ,

C . An n a , harles , Cath erin e and Bertha D evault Sn ow was

R oce ne n r 28 1 8 4 1 1 8 5 8 . bo n Ju n e , ; died i n May , y S ow

w as 5 1 8 4 6 5 1 8 4 7 . born July , ; died August , George

4 . 1 1 8 8 . J r. w as u 7 Snow , , born J ly . Married M ary Fessler

o ne so n J acob . To them were born , , who died aged fou r years

T W m . . n O . hey li ve near O ren , hio M Snow was bor October

4 1 r . . 8 5 0. , He m arried Hen ietta A Miller T o them were

. W bo rn o ne son , Frankli n , wh o di ed in infancy illiam lives

near Oren , Shelby Cou nty , Ohio, where he is engaged in

Shippi ng live stock ; served tw o terms as township trustee . R W EL 4 C O HISTORY . 7

m m Ran once on th e Republican ticket for county co ission er .

J r. 1 1 1 8 5 3 Nancy Sn ow , , was born February , ; died Septem

1 1 1 8 7 4 . . w as o ber , Married Isaac Barker Mary S now b rn 5 5 d M a 1 2 1 1 7 1 8 8 7 . July , ; die y , George an d Nancy were

members of the Du nkard chu rch .

Crow el son Crow el Dan iel , of Devault , was born March 4 In 1 24 8 1 8 1 . 8 , th e year he moved with his parents to n ea r ’ 1 6 Covington , Miami Cou nty , Ohi o , wh ere on February , 1 8 3 7 , he married Julia Myres , daughter of Michael an d Eliz m ab eth Myres . The ceremony was p erfor ed by Mi chael u 1 84 1 Etter , a D nkard minister , and i n the summer of h e

w as u nited with said church an d baptized by Philip Youn t . Soon after his marriage he bought a farm in Kosciusko O ’ County , In dian a , but remai n ed i n hio , moved on his father s

place near Pai nter Creek . He sold his farm i n Indian a an d ’ after his father s death he bought the old homestead , which

he own ed du ring life . He bought a small home south of the 1 1 8 9 8 old home farm , where they are yet living , December ,

o f 8 5 1 at the advanced age nearly ; his wife i s 8 years old . n n To this un ion were bor thi rtee children , viz Devault , E Samuel , lizabeth , Jacob , Salome , Catheri ne , E nos , Eph

l W . so n raim , Dan ie , Julia , illiam an d An na An i nfant of

Dan iel Crow el w as born an d died i n 1 8 3 8 . Crow el w as 1 8 3 9 d Devault , son of Daniel , born in ; die

age d 1 m onth . l 2 4 . Crow e 0 1 8 0 Samu el S was born February , ; died

1 1 63 W w ar n 8 8 . April , hen the of the Rebellio broke o ut

9 4 th m O. . . he en listed i n Co . B , Regi ent , V I helped to d rive the Confederates back from their raid o n Ohio . Took sick ef at Nash ville , Ten nessee ; brought home sick , from the fects

w m arri d i i o f which he died . He as e o M ary D tm es ; to them

h Crow el m w as n . bor o ne daughter , Mart a A , who oved with

r h her mothe from Covington , Ohio , to Elk orn G rove , Illin ois

h . m where s e married Marion E . M atthews To the was born

son . . res1 o ne , Orvill e S Matthews Their present place of 4 6 CR OW EL HISTORY .

' 1 8 4 3 M ilhufi in ; married Margaret , lives Shelby Cou nty ,

r w l w . C o e as Ohio Sarah Spiller , n ee , married the secon d

L n n k r time to Joseph o g e a e . To this union were born fou r

: child ren , viz Nan cy , Jemima , Harriet an d Joseph . Nan cy

w as 5 1 8 4 8 born August , ; married a Hollinger , other dates

. 1 5 1 8 5 1 unknown Jemima was born February , ; marri ed

D s eete . P Isaac They live near leasan t Hill , Ohio He own s

a til e factory . They are members of the P rogressive

w 1 5 . . as 9 8 3 Dunkard church Harriet born November , She

W P a married illiam Helmick ; they live n ear leas n t Hill , w 1 1 5 . as bo 8 6 Ohio Joseph rn Jan uary , ; married Ch ristin a

D t s L n n ak r ee e . o e e , live n ear Pleasant Hill , Ohio Sarah g an d both of her h usbands were members of the D unkard

church . They were farm ers ; all dead .

C row el Crow el 2d w as Nan cy , daughter of Devault , born

f e d 1 1 1 8 1 2 . February , I am n ot i n orm d of the ate of her G w as 1 8 7 8 . death , but thi n k it i n about She married eorge

S now . To this u nion were born nin e children , viz Salome ,

n e R ocen e W a Be j amin , Devault , Cath rin e , y, George , illi m , 28 1 8 3 7 Nancy and Mary . Salom e S now was born July , , 4 a . a died ged four years Benj mi n S now was born Jun e , 1 8 3 9 the , died Se ptember He en listed i n U nion ilh fi ' 1 3 w as M u . army i n 8 6 . He married to Margaret

w as bo rn 2 5 1 8 4 3 . . . Catherin e Sn ow May , Married P J ‘ Milhu fi . m b To the were orn five child ren , viz George ,

C and . An na , harl es , Cath eri n e Bertha Devault Sn ow was

R ce ue r 2 3 1 8 4 1 in 1 8 5 3 . o bo n Ju n e , ; died May , y Sn ow

w as n 5 1 8 4 6 5 1 84 7 . bor July , ; died August , G eorge

4 . r w 1 1 8 8 . J . as 7 S now , , born July . M arried M ary Fessler

so n J acob . To them were born o ne , , who died aged fou r years O W m . . They li ve n ear O ren , Ohio . M Snow was born ctober

4 1 8 5 . . 0. , He married Henrietta A Miller T o them were W o ne . bo rn son , Frankli n , who died i n i nfancy illiam lives is near Oren , Shelby Cou nty , Ohio , where he engaged in

shipping live stock ; served tw o terms as tow nship trustee .

4 8 S UP PL EMENT T o CROW EL H IST O RY .

in 1 8 20. on w as Grow l formed Later it bought by Philip ,

F . . T b n . Jr his Philip has a rother Joh , living at Mercer , Pa I 4 54 E 5 8th have a letter written by Frank Allaben , .

New O 26 1 9 03 . H an street , York City , dated ctober , e is n l nd H a expert o genealogica records a family tracing . s Crow el t b traced the people by heir various spellings , ack ’ A llab en s to Germany about six hu ndred years . Get ” on 3 1 4 2 in “ a article pages to , the Pen nsylvania Germ n ,

J 1 9 04 a P a. . . . anuary n umber for , Leb non , , Rev P C Croll , a s n publisher . It will surely please you . H e tr ce G erma emigrants of the Crow el people to P enn sylvania ~ as far back

1 729 - 1 7 3 6 on in r in as , an d later ea ly days , settling mostly h a n u w c w as . o Philadelphia Co nty , i h very large But l ter it n ew s one was divided up into several countie , Berks being of new H an d Crow el the counties . A enry a Michael bought “ ” n 1 5 0 s in la ds prior to 7 , ituated n ear Moselem , then

h n n ow u P a. w r P iladelphia Cou ty , Berks Co nty , , hile othe s settled i n York County , Pa . ’ A lla n s n Sin ce reading M r . b e suggestio s and criticisms T H ” I on raditional istory , am i n doubt as to whether my

- in n great grandfather , Henry C rowell , first settled Maryla d in s or Pen nsylvania . At present the bias of my min d favor

Pen nsylvania , as we have n o documentary eviden ce of his 1 769 n he having lived i n Maryland prior to th e year , whe bought lands .

1 2 Crow el : Crow el the Page , History Mary , on e of five

Crow el daughters of Michael an d Barbara , married a Mr .

o n a T a Spoon ; later moved i nto or ne r B ristol , en n, raising ‘ n t family a d dying there . I have no his ory of her sister i h Rachel ; n e ther can I tell what went with her brother Jo n ,

K rall . or e and sisters Elizabeth Randall , Rebecca Catharin

Myerly .

R r w l 4 5 M rs. : C o e Daniel oot See History , pages , and

T his R oot i f m 7 . fam ly lived on th e farm trans erred to the '

1 7 8 3 Crow el. i n by her father , Hen ry Land located on e 4 9 SU P P L EMENT T O CROWEL H IST O RY .

s o f . I mile outheast Johnsville , Frederick Cou nty , Md t is

r - K re lo alleged by their g an d daughter , Mrs . Mary L . g , n ee

e Root , that they liv d , died an d were bu ried on said farm , w w as a the k I C hich a p rt of farm n own as vy hurch , con ve ed z H Crow el 1 3 y by Leon ard Kit mi ller to en ry , May , 4 n h a 1 7 7 . M rs . Da iel Root an d usb and were the p rents of

: e H five children M argaret An n , Salli , Lyda , arriet an d A n n one Daniel . Margaret mar ried a Mr . T aylor ; had or tw o T children ; aylor dying , she married a second time , l W . Crow e of H S George , a son enry an d Rachel myth l Cr w e . . m . o Salli e married a Mr . Cook Lyda arried a M r M H in O . H ar a r. in es , settling somewhere hio riet married l th E E r . e ng and or nglar , emaining i n Marylan d Daniel ,

in 1 8 03 his n w you ngest , born , an d to whom pare ts illed the and f u homestead farm , married , they were the parents of o r n d in n b o a a . O e children , a y a girl dying inf n cy girl lived a e n to adult g , married an d died ten mo ths after wedlock , leav

K r l r . . e o T i ng only Mary L g , of Libe ty own , M d , as the sur iv r 4 v o . S now of th e fou r children he is aged 7 years ,

u u 1 9 03 . T the 1 8 03 A g st his Daniel Root , third , was born in ; ’

O 1 0 1 8 7 7 . H w as r n died ctober , is wife s n ame Mary B e gl e ’ E z Crow el Root ; his mother s n ame was li abeth Root , d au e H Crow el of ght r of enry and Margaret , Frederick

County , Md . S “ J w 1 28 ome snatches of history from oh n C ro ell ,

Man chester Aven ue , York City , York County , Pa . His b G u t oldest rother , Daniel ra l , lives at Hall , York Cou n y , and

t Craul at a his younger b ro h er , Jacob , M nchester , York

. 7 2 Cou nty , Pa Joh n is and Daniel 7 7 years old , January ’

1 9 04 . Jacob s age n ot given . T hey think their great ’ r w l H w as gran dfather s n am e was Michael C o e . e the fath er

: W e of the followin g children illiam , G orge , Hen ry an d n h Fan y , wit several others whose n ames were n ot remem i H bered by my nformant . e says that Henry w as his gran d father ; that Henry an d W illiam both served terms i n the W ar 5 0 P P L O CR W EL O Y S U EMENT T O HIST R .

d s an 106 . of the Revolution , that Fan ny lived to be year old

M y i nformant , John , says his grandfather , Henry , died 5 n d n 1 8 3 a 1 8 3 8 7 7 . betwee th e years , aged years H e had ’ hi f : . s s four children by first wi e John , my correspon dent ”

h d . fath er , Daniel , Elizabet an d Mary , generally calle Polly

a P . W Elizabeth married S muel May , olly married Allen ebb

li w ar an d D anie w as twice married . Leaving his first ife; m

r s n . ied his econd , raisi g up a large family Hen ry , by his w E f h of second ife , An n a Davis , an nglish lady , was the at er ho tw w o s . Philip , Davis , Henry , ( died you ng) an d daughter

w as w as t . . H e Davis a school teacher and Philip a ailor . h a S and h thinks t at one of the girls married mith , t at all m W t n four oved es in early days , p erhaps to Knox Cou ty ,

Ohio . “ W e now Crow el of enr ‘ and come to Joh n , son H y hn h f h of o J . at er ou r correspondent , J , r He married Cat ari ne

T the - S lothower . hey were parents of eight children A n n J n Elizabeth , Daniel , Mary , oh , Sarah , Hen ry , Cathari n e ’ and Crow el. : a Jacob Daniel s son s D vis , groceryman , E P a. York City , ; lij ah , weaver , organ factory , York ; Hallack

F . a J professor i n York Academy ; John , secretary of a liter M u b t W . C. . t re pu lica ion i n ashington , D ; Charles , a dentist

. e . Lancaster , Pa Latimer , professor , and G eorge , t acher , dead

: n Son s of Joh n Sam uel Crowell , pai nter an d paper ha ger, ’

P a s . . York City , . ; Amo E C rowell , pastor of St Matthew s

E P 5 d . a. 3 M . . Ch u rch , Philadelphia , , an d Sampson streets ’ n : i n Jacob s so s John , a minister the Evangelical Church ; d W k Rutle ge , Md . ; illiam , a coach ma er , York City , Pa .

Crow els are I learn that these generally intelligent ,

- - well to do citizens . T he question as to their origin or

e descen t is not very definitely settled , whether of G rman , h Irish or Scotch descent . T eir names have bee n spelled

' : Crow el C raul h thus C rowl , , , an d C rowell by t em that claim an English or Scotch origin . T he writer of this favors

- G - - the belief that they are of erman or.igin , from the land of ' L E T o CR W EL H O Y 5 1 S UP P EM NT O IST R .

H r S e n Maltke umboldt, Schiller , Ba on Von t ube , Vo n an d

a W . Bismarck . Dr . Joh n Fr nklin C rowell , of ashi ngton , D ’ r l O. w as , says his mother s name Sa ah An n Jacobs Crowel ;

' H is h l v n t his i in J anuar 1 9 00. d ed y fat er , Daniel , is i i g wi h

l ' n a A n l COu t . d ughter n a , at Ha ; York y, Pa ‘ ” T he re is a Crowl post - offi ce i n Northumberl an d n e w as Cou ty , Pa . I wrote up ther ; my card answered by

- a G rowl r ] Office. Miss Cl ra , of Elysburg , nea C row post Sh e says they are of G erman descent ; says her father i is th e

s son ] e t- oflice olde t of Sam uel Crow , dec ased ; that the pos w as n a m ed for on e of her u ncles ; she says Crow el people have l ived there as far back as the Eighteenth Cen tury ; say s in they have relatives living Reading , Berks County , and i n u P a. also Bloomsb rg , Columbia Cou nty , , who spell the n am e G raul in the original German method of spelling it .

’ T u w as w ritten ' b e C row el h s it y my great grandfather , H n ry , up to the year 1 7 60 at least ; can not give the exact date “ l” Crow e . son when he changed it to , His Michael sign ed 1 1 his n ame Grauel i n 8 0 . Clara Crowl says that several of her people are , an d have been , noted bricklayers ; th e art e to run s s ems t i n several familie of ou r people ; som e of them

u w Orkin n shi n a a . m ch n oted for their p in th t li e For i nstance , nd n a e . Baltzer his son , John Le hy C rowell , and Joh H G Crowell , descen dan ts of eorge Crowell , of Adams County ,

P a. l , G W . Crow e H , and a eorge , son of enry , son of Con rad

Crow el r w ho , a broth er to the Adams Cou nty , Pa . Geo ge , 1 8 1 0 f a . died i n , leaving a amily of ni ne sons an d on e d ughter m Several of the were n oted bricklayers . W e glean some importan t Crow el history from a letter

. . . l . Crow e i . written by M rs E J B Krahl , or , of Lamon , Iowa w H Crow el. She is th e idow of John Krahl , or e died som e f fi ’ ve . . ra ou r or years si nce M rs J . K hl says her husband s e W s 1 people cam e t about the year 1 8 9 . Peter Krahl (Crowl) n i was the the senior member of the fam ly . She thinks he

: w as’ the son 1 W H T h ' m of illiam or enry Crowl . ey came fro 52 Y SU P PLEMENT T o CROW EL H ISTO R .

' had Pinegrove Mills , Center Cou nty , Pa . She said they s v a book from friends back i n Pen nsyl ania , th t had written

o n w ] . t the fly leaves , Mary or Polly C ro O hers were written ] n t w a Graul i nstead of Crow , i dica ing that either y was con sid ered -in - law proper . The widow referred to says her sister , S a l n a a rah Krah Hah , vers that their n ames were ch nged from Crow $ to [fraiz l w hile they were livi ng in Jon es

' thinkin that C ou nty , Iowa , father Peter Krahl g the proper ll W n t e e way to spe that G erman name . he h y first cam

W I . est they stopped at Cedarville , ll She says that father h t tw o . Pe er Kra l had sisters , Mary an d Sarah The first mar

tw o I . ried a M r . Keeler . The sisters lived at Freeport, ll s H I W e a . L wi enry Krahl lives at Au ror , ll , and illiam

n n u T T h are o F ra kli Krahl at Ho ston , exas . ey s ns of Peter l and brothers of John , deceased . Chi dren of Joh n Krahl

d h . and an : . v C wife George L Kra l li es at David ity , Neb , ' a nice hom e has there ; David J . Krahl lives at Lamoni ,

s Iowa , is a Latter Day Saint Mini ter , travels much of the

m z e ] K l ti e , and is a very ealous worker . Jen nie P ar rah

S chib ald h r in e sba . . and h u nd live St Louis , Mo

OT E z — in I f N Earlier , looking up this history , re erred in some circ ulars issued to some very large fortunes aw aiti ng claiman ts amongst the Crowellpeople ; but further i nquiry

a e a E has s tisfied me that thos estates are all loc ted in ngland , and therefore are d ue only to the E nglish branch of Crowells . Some of these trace back tw o or three hun dred years to the m n E G other cou try , ngland , and as my people are of erman w e origin , thought best to drop the matter . W e find a good many Cro w ells who trace back to the

C romwells who formerly lived i n England , having dropped in the m coming to America . W e al so fin d genuin e t G English , Sco ch an d Irish rowls or Crowells , but the r n W e s greater number a e of Germa origin . have fou n d om e of the latter with whom w e have been un able so far to estab ” h the “ u lis genealogical link , but conditions are s ch , never 5 3 SUPPLEMENT T O CROW EL HIST O RY .

theless all , to satisfy u s that we are related to many , if n ot

Of rom iscou s e the Crow els of German origin . the p Crowl and C rowells , I fi nd them i n Chicago , Ill , Clevelan d M s C . . W . Ohio , ashington , D , Baltimore , Md , Boston , as , t C O T f Nor h arolin a , Georgia , Ten nessee , hio , exas , Cali ornia W I ndian a , Missouri , Iowa , Michigan , Vi rginia , est Virgi nia ,

P W New New en nsylvania , iscon sin , Kentucky , Jersey an d

. T n York hese scattered o es are mostly E nglish , Scotch an d f Irish . I have ailed to fin d any Catholics among the German

r w ls h C o e . The early on es were gen erally eit er Lutheran or

G erma n Reformed .

4 h N w . 4 5 . 5 8 t e Mr F ran k Allaben , E street , York City ,

r in Old an expert , ecently reports fin ding the shipping records “ h ” at Philadelphia where a Jo an Michael G raul , or as his n r Crow el ame appears in the o igi nal ship list , Michael , aged 5 3 h b 1 1 7 3 6 , qualified at Philadelp ia , Septem er , , having

l r w l . c C o e arrived i n the ship , Harle Just where this Mi hae

tt b sa . 3 3 se led we are un a le to y If, however , his age was t 5 3 w as ins ead of , then we would take it for granted that he P Crow el a . the M ichael who settled i n York Cou nty , , l 5 1 7 7 8 . making a wi l i n that cou nty , September , (See liber 1 f 66 o . D , page , York County , Pen nsylvania , wills ) This l O 1 9 1 7 7 8 he wil was p robated ctober , , an d i n it recognizes

w ife : W his , An na Maria , an d eight children , thus illiam ,

C a t on r d , George , Hen ry , Peter , Michael , Ca herine , married

n to . to Ver er M o , an d Elizabeth Michael Live Another reporter changes the will by marrying E liz abeth

h Verheb to Jo n Sharp , adds a Sarah who married a Peter y, an d An na Mariah , si ngle . I can not decide which is correct . T W he w riter thi nks that illiam an d Con rad , and perhaps H en ry , later on moved to Maryland , and George to Adams

Cro w el Crow el Cou nty , Pa . An n Maria , widow of Michael ,

her T with several of sons , have been traced to Strabane own ‘ for ship , York County , where they were assessed L O CROW EL O 4 SUPP EMENT T HIST RY .

n 1 7 7 9—1 7 8 0—1 7 8 1—1 7 8 2 1 8 3 taxatio for the years and 7 . w F urther o n than that e have n o report .

Recently I have learned through the kindn ess of Mr .

D rd orfi . . ea P D H , living near Gettysburg , Adams Cou nty , a. , D fi ' a eard or . son of Is bella Crowell Says his gran dparents , l Michael Crowe l an d wife , Catharin e Gilbert Crowell , had

h on 8 9 VI$ : th ree daug ters n ot mention ed pages an d , Eliza ‘ J n D eard orfi beth , married to oh Minter , Isabella an d An na h 1 9 04 M . Buch er or B erc er , last n ow living , March . The writer believes that the six Crow] children bor n 1 7 5 2 1 7 64 d 6 between an d , referre to on page , an d the York Crow el 5 3 Cou nty , Pa . Michael , on page , might be the ff sam e family , only a little di erently stated , an d that they ,

. Crow el with the F rederick Cou nty , Md Michael , who son 1 6 e b a bou nd his Jacob , % years old , to l arn the l cksmith 24 1 7 9 4 n trade , July , , and who was a wit ess to establish a b 1 8 1 7 9 9 5 5 oun dary li n e March , , aged years , were n ear

Crow el r w l 6 C o e . relatives of Hen ry , pages an d , History

h Crow el He also believes t at Michael was the father of Joh n , 24 n n aged years , an d a wit ess at the same bou n dary li e trial

u . . . j st referred to See Frederick Cou nty , Md records He also believes that this last named Joh n Crow el w as identical with the tomb - ston e J ohn referred to at bottom 2 nd 3 W 3 a 3 . e of page top of page , Supplement also think ’ J f the Crow el that this oh n s ather , Michael , was Michael a H os lehaw n 1 7 8 0 that m rried as his secon d wife , Polly p , i n , t u referred o elsewhere . The writer would s ggest that if there has been any wrong tracing in the genealogy of John

l f he h W . Cro w e o O , Urban a , hio , very likely traces t rough l the Michael j us t referred to i n this article . The fo lowing

- f Crow el w as i n referen ce to my great grand ather , Henry , compiled from the records by M r . Allaben “ The following reference to your great - grandfather will i nterest you “ Hen ry Crowle is referred to in the March Court Minute

5 6 M N T o CROW EL H SUPPLE E T ISTORY .

. They charge themsel ves with a balance du e the estate of — 29 00 C onti nental dollars and £ 4 09 2

Crow el so n r a Crow el Michael , of Hen y an d Marg ret

5 1 7 5 6 . r was born Jan uary , Married to Ba bara Young ,

H ii r m u e 1 7 7 4 . da ghter of y Young , someti e i n th e year of h b to J r. 1 0 1 5 7 7 . First child orn them was Mic ael , , Jun e ,

son o f M J r. Jacob , the ichael , , took out license to marry u 3 0 1 23 w l 8 . Cro e Rebecca Randall , A gust , Dan iel and 8 1 3 3 8 . An na Town send took out license to marry March , H en ry Crow el and Sarah Townse n d O btai n ed licen se to m ar ry March David Crow] an d Elizabeth Myers 1 1 6 8 26 . . obtai ned license to marry December , Mich ael H ] Crow and Mary E . Arvi n obtai ned a licen se to marry Sep . 1 8 1 84 9 W ] E l tember , . illiam C row and izabeth Rouzer 1 5 3 7 8 . obtain ed a license to marry M arch ,

Crow el Barbara , daughter of Hen ry an d Margaret

Crow el H , and Leonard Young , son of en ry Young , obtained 1 1 7 7 7 9 . licen se to marry April , In 1 8 18 we find Barbara Crow el an d her son Michael

fo r n in assessed taxatio District Seven , F rederick Cou nty ,

1 8 25 for M d . An d i n we fin d assessed taxation i n the same

r B Crow el Dist ict Seven , arbara , widow of Michael , who died

1 8 07 . in , an d three of their sons , John , David and G eorge ‘ i This p roves that the widow w as still living i n 1 8 2 5 . This s

r w el the l ast accou nt w e have of Barbara Young C o . I

n she w 1 8 25 and 1 8 28 thi k died bet een , as eight of h er t 1 8 28 children met an d ran sferred the real estate i n , her son David having previously parted with his i nterest i n said

estate . Copied from the old German records of the old Kreider d W . German Reformed Church books at estmin ster , Marylan v a R e . . . . Reported by Dr J B Stonesifer , present p stor of

r 8 1 9 01 . said chu ch , December , Among the sign ers of a paper referring to the work of h l the c urch , is a Peter Crol no date . W SUPPLEM ENT T O CRO EL H IST O RY .

1 5 1 7 8 6 of m April , , among the list com unicants , i s on e

'

a Craul son Crow el. M ich el , of Hen ry an d M argaret 1 9 1 8 09 August , , the followi ng person s commu ned

Craul G G a Rebecca , Kathari ne raul , Maria raul , B rbara

Craul l Craul G . , Rahel (Rach e ) an d Katharin e raul the 1 4 n J May th , year not give , Yohan nes ( oh n) Kraul , a Lydia Kraul , John Kr ul , Catharin e Kraul , Rachel Krau l an d Magdelene Kraul . 1 8 1 7 9 5 l son July , , Michae , of Michael an d Barbara w C ro ] was bapti z ed . n u z 4 Sam uel , bor Febr ary bapti ed August ,

1 8 1 0 ; son of Michael an d E lizabeth Crow] . W w n 1 6 1 8 1 9 z illiam Bro n , bor January , ; bapti ed May

23 1 8 1 9 son n . , ; of John an d Cathari e Kraul . E n 1 4 18 23 z 1 9 man uel , bor March , ; bapti ed April

1 8 23 ; so n of Joh n and Catharin e Graul .

c 1 0 1 8 26 b atiz ed Rebec a Barbara , born February , ; May f 1 3 1 8 26 o . , ; child David an d Kathari n e Kraul 4 1 8 27 b Josiah , born March , ; aptized April

G . son of eorge an d Rebecca Kraul , his wife Sponsors , Joh n

K . and Rebecca raul Part , if not all , n ear relatives , son s of Michael and B arbara and descen dants of Hen ry an d Mar w l garet Cro e . c Mary An n , born Mar h child of David an d

E . an iz d . l abeth Kraul S ponsors , David C athari n e Kraul Commun ed at Kreider Reformed Church 1 8 00 1 8 01 1 8 06 David Kraul in th e years , an d ; Bar u 1 8 01 n bara Kraul and Elizabeth Kra l , ; An a Catharin e G ] ] 1 8 1 0 raul , Rebecca C row an d Catharin e C row . ; Barbara

K l a l a rau . Margaretta Kr ul , Rahel (Rache ) Kraul and M gda r 1 8 14 lena K aul , . T he more modern Crow el commu nicants are not copied in this list , taking it for granted that the present gen eration t are able to look u p such matters for h emsel ves . I n ru nning or er these old books w e fin d q uite a n umber T O CROW EL H SUPPLEMENT ISTORY .

“ “ W t of them as being marked dead , or go ne es or ” “ w wh ereabouts u nkno n . T he careful reader will see that there has been a con ti nn ed membership of the Crow el people at the chu rch sin ce

1 7 8 6 1 8 1 4 w e m u the u p to , and can say fro that p to pres

8 1 9 01 . ent date , December ,

' the resen t l b r Of p C row mem ers , thei pasto r , Rev . D r .

James B . Ston esifer , speaks very highly in deed , paying a m o ] special tribute to the m e ry of the late Jesse C row , brother to Josiah Crow]

r w l H 3 1—2—3—4 —5 C o e . See istory , pages Since writing the first book several changes have taken place . Martha Ellis ,

n r w l w h J . C o e as daug ter of oh B and Mary Ellis , married to H 2 5 1 2 T 9 0 . h n . ow M r Arthur Herbert opkins , Jun e , ey

live at Rensselaer , Jasper County , In diana .

l Crow el E liot L . , son of Hen ry and Mary Amanda w A ll n Cro el . Cochra , has also been married the single chil

r w l dre n of Joseph N . an d Amanda Triplett C o e have since

t m . married , and par , if n ot all , have so e child ren And u nto

H w row el C . J . en ry and Ada Green alt , have been born on e , w t o or mo re children . Lucky children to have such able an d h kin d parents to nu rture an d bring t em up . I learn th ey fi n n n w in u e o . b ilt them a large , reside ce an d are living it

Several o f the friends in. same locality have failed to report

the changes .

of Ne w h M r . Allaben , York , writes me t at my g reat

Crow el n grandfather , Hen ry , was very promi ne t i n a Revo . ‘ o ( nt luti nar n o h . y con n ectio i n Frederick y, Md His oldest

son Crow el t , Dewalt , served as a soldier abou seven years i n

w r said a . “ George G rauel had tw o hundred acre s of l and su r ,

ve ed 7 1 7 5 0 P a. y to him March . , i n Lancaster County , , 4 1 v 3 d 24 a e 8 . Pen nsyl ania Archives , series , volume , p g In a t h n w e deposi ion taken to establis some land bou daries , find 59 SUPPLE M ENT TO CR OW E L H I ST ORY .

“ Crow el 1 8 1 7 9 9 5 5 a M ichael , aged then , March , , years , ” “ nd C rOW e l 24 . a a Joh n , aged years Frederick Co unty ,

M d . records .

- M is c e llan e o us C ra w ls C ro w e lls .

w W h . S . F . C . Crowell , Sagina , . , M ic

l . . . et a Claren ce P Crowell , Rochester , N Y

. C. . J . Lee Crowell , attorn ey , Concord , N , English

Charles Crowell , San Bardino , Cal . , E nglish .

l . E . J . G . Crowe l , Portlan d Ind , traces back to ngland

l . E F rank C rowe l , B ryant , Ind , traces back to nglan d . l S t. . to n . F ran k C rowe l , Paul , Neb , traces Engl a d

W O . t . ill C rowell , maha , Neb , races to En g lan d

ilksvill w N e O . . Alfred C ro ell , , , traces to E n gland h In o . 1 0t d . A . H . Cr well , N street , Richmond , , traces to

E nglan d . E Ann a C . C row ell , Edwi n E . C rowell , Elizabeth .

e W Crowell , Harry M . Crowell , Melissa D . C row ll , illiam B . W l Crowell , illiam H . C rowell , Hen ry S . Crowe l an d Miss

W . . Mary Crowell , ashington , D C W O a . George F . Crowell , Cin ci nn ati , hio , tr ces to Joh n

C . . , Boston , Mass l et a . . Charley C rowell , Batesville In d , trace to Joh n C of P enn sylvania .

. . O . . L T C rowell , M iddletown , , traces to a Moses C rowell W . I O . Solon Crowell , attorn ey , regon , ll ] James Crow , deaf m ute , Staunto n , Va . W . 3 7 4 illiam T Crowell , box , Beaumont , Texas , traces

- f back to great grand ather , Theodore Crowell , who was a very P lv large man , hailing from en nsy ania . In early days th ere were several gen eration s of the name Theodore .

‘

II] . . ist r M aroa . C a s e M rs Kate A rowell Le vitt an d , ,

E . . . M Crowell , Portland , In d . , of E nglish origin L . . os . e H M C rowell , Angeles , Cal , (East rn people) son 60 M N CROW EL SUPPLE E T TO HISTORY .

W m . b of Rev . Crowell , orn i n Massachusetts , traces back to

Cromwell . l m n E l et a I . a . D r . . B . Crowe l , Greensbu rg , n d , Eastern l w ] Ne r . . . Crow e M S , C ullis Home , Do chester , Mass

W . H . . . P D r G rauel , aynesville , Ohio

l of . J . S . Crowe l , the Springfield , Ohio , Publishing Co

d ec n d ants K . e Martin Hattie Crowell , Maysville , y , from Calvin C .

G a. w . A . F . C rowell , Macon , , Bro n Hou se Cockrun ] 1 8 04 Ba m iller Edith , C row descen dant , y

O . street , Cin cin nati , hio

E s ] n An nie tel , C row descendant , Statio A , corner Han

fi eld O . an d Kirby aven ues , Cincin nati , hio l W . . a Maj or . H H Crowel , st tioned at San Antonio ,

T exas .

W w 3 9 . J . . C ro ell , Covin gton aven ue , Covington , Ky H E is folks were astern fishermen , along down the coast to

South Carolin a . ] 3 G . n 7 8 eorge A C rosson , C row descenda t , Armory

a O . venue , Ci ncin nati , hio

9 28 . Charles Crowell , M onmouth street , Newport , Ky

l n r A exa der C owell , Pittsburg , Pa .

M . rs. a u e M ry Crowell , Chase aven e , C ummi nsvill , Ohio

h . . o O M rs David C ambers Cr well , Cleves , hio

W G a Crow ell . Cleves . M rs . . F . mble , , Ohio

H r w el O . C o . 0 . Frank ughes , (mother a ) Ft Ancient , hio

W refolk . M rs. . . o F P , (Crowell) Vineville , Macon , Ga

’

W . s . M ar hall R and Percy C rowell , Baltimore , Md W ] t m T a . S m uel Crow , at orn ey , A erican rust B uilding ,

O . Cleveland , hio l W k ' e Crow e ofi . Charlott y and sister , Maroa , Ill

D . . w l et al 67 . Moses S Cro el , S Mou n d street , ayton , Ohio

h h O . 0 . . w L Cro ell , C icago Station , C icago , hio

Seth C rowell , Bloomi ngton , Ill . , Eastern man . l] t h lvill Crow e G a c e e . Alexander , , Pa 6 1 S UPPLEMENT T O CROW EL H IST O RY .

W I . illiam C rowell , dentist , Monticello , nd

W . . w e O . illiam G and James A Cro ll , xford , Pa

V - W li W . . r ] e . a I Patrick C ow , he n g, , Scotch rish

and ] et al lb O . James Lacy Crow , Bel rook , hio

s J n . Gathers w r O . H Addre s oh A , Yello Sp ings , hio is

s d n w s ] . mother a a C row Her people ettle i n Chester Co u ty ,

1 5 0 s . P a. , over year si n ce

r T O n . M . L . C owell , oledo , hio , a n oted citize

H a . . L . Krahl , real estate gent , Au rora , Ill h L em oni E . . I J . M rs . . B Kra l , L atterday Sai nt , , owa

W l R d f u u s i un . C J . C rowel , a ord F rnace , P la k o ty , Va .

Crow el P s V C. . a. , B , Pulaski City , ula ki County ,

- ] 5 O f P a. I Crow , box 2 , x ord , , Scotch rish .

d e in Oh Resi Cleveland , io

a E . w H n . w e An n C ro ell , Ben edict C rowell , e ry C Cro ll ,

W r w r w b S . l l H r . e W a attorney , ome R C o ll , il e C ro el , i li m J . W H w Crowell , illiam Crowell , Sadie C rowell , orace B . Cro ell , w h har . a w C les S C rowell , B rowning C ro ell , C rles C ro ell,

w w lz n E . E W am o e C M . illi C r ll , F ra k ro ell , i abeth Crowell , H ] and h a ] M ' . r T b Samuel C ow , David om s C row , Al ert .

] n . ] ] . o r . ] C row , Joh n A Cr w , Joh F Crow , Geo ge M C row ,

] s ] m . am ] z a . r T E a Sherm n S C ow , ho as B C row , J e A Crow , li

h ro ] a s K ra E H . K ra an . ra l bet C w , Ch rle ll , mil ll , F r k B K l , a ra 24 a n e t Joh n Kr ll , Joseph K ll , Charles Krauel , B lle str e ,

“ “ ‘ ~ W a 24 en s H enr P . Cro l illiam Kr uel , Ball treet an d y we l , n n t t Vice Pr esident Clevelan d Fou dry Compa y . Pla a C .

s s in . P . R . R . Re ide Chicago , Ill

e in Ob a Ill. : R side i go ,

H l r J . . . . oh n Crowel , M rs Kate C owell , Miss L M w h o . A C rowell , M rs . Lucretia C r ell , M ic ael C rowell , Mrs . M .

M rs. a w n r o n C rowell , S rah Cro ell , Stephen Alto C owell , Alt

r h s w ll C . C owell , C arle C ro ell , Prairie aven ue , Charles C rowe , h w H v nu harl s . a e e C e . . illock , A C rowell , Mrs C arles J C ro ell , d w w E w N . w a c . . Cl ren e J C ro ell , E ward G C ro ell , d ard C ro ell , l E T m . w M rs . mma C rowell , ho as Y Cro el , publisher an d 6 2 M N CROW EL SUPPLE E T TO HISTORY .

2 - 4 6 4 28 W . . Y book bi nder , B roadway , N . , M rs . F rances

'

w F r nk . C a C . C C ro ell , rowell , Fran k G rowell , F red S .

Crow ell G eor e . w , ; g G Cro ell , Miss G race C rowell , Hen ry A .

. w . . . Crow el Crowell , Hen ry P Cro ell , H E C rowell , John H

e . ] P . n B ryan C rowell , Jos ph M C rowell , F rank Crow . Joh ] ] . ] W l ] . a C row , John L Crow , Joseph J C row , Viola Crow , ] W m ] ] . . . W . W S. ter E Crow , illiam D C row , H Crow , ilton ] f 201 h n Crow , railroad man , o fice room M edina buildi g

Croul roul n a e . C . Ch rl s , Crowl , Mrs Emma , Horace , Joh P l Cro ul W . Crou . , illiam R , Charles F Kraul , Fred Kraul ,

M rs . Freida Kraul , Miss Freida Kraul , George N . Kraul , W u Harvey Kraul , Hen ry Kraul , Louisa Kraul , illiam Kra l ,

r . F red Krauel , Hen ry Krauel , He man Krauel , John H

1 2th . a 21 6 W . Krauel , street , Jacob R Gr ul , dead , Blooms D P a. t bu rg , , George G raul , Au nt Fre ta , aniel Lewis , Read W P a. .S . . J i ng , , F . Hall , New Hall , Cal , Mary in ner , oplin ,

u m P a . M o . , H . J . Traub , Eliza Tra b , Bloo sbu rg , , and George

Graul , Newport News , Va .

Crow el 4 5 an d 1 1 1 2 Michael or Grauel , pages and and ,

C ro w el l 1 1 1 8 01 History , made his wil Jun e , ; proved Octo 22 1 8 07 all d ber , ; willed his property during widowhoo , to h is Cro w el b ut wife , Barbara You ng , i n case she married

-t ' to again , then on e hird Of the property , balance be equally — divided am ongfhis children fou r boys and five girls . His t w as e wife , Barbara , it is u nders ood , the daughter of H nry w as f Young , of Frederick County , Md . He the ather of

Crow el twelve children . His son Leonard married Barbara ,

row l v no of n a sister of Mich ael C e . I ha e history Leo ard w and ife .

64 T O CROW EL H O ~ SUPPL EMENT IST RY .

: the “ w h in reap consequences . I ill j udge t ee the place where u th a n tho wast created , i n the land of y n tivity ; for whe thy b j udgments are i n the earth , the inha itants of the world ” —E z 2 3 —I k . 1 : 0. 26 : . will learn righteou sn ess . saiah 9 DEAR FRIENDS - After havi ng d iligently worked for ab r y ou out seven years on our histo y , it is left with to say whether I have succeeded in g etting up an i nter esti ng hi story d od th . an e or failed Farewell , may G , Lord , take care of the a the the spirits of dead ; bless , s n ctify an d protect living ; and n a tit e whe the time comes to dep rt , , qualify and prepar

ll e and l s m n us a to m e t he p sing that gloriou triu phant so g , 1 1 5 24 28 5 : 1 3 . S ee . : . Rev . also Cor to

H Y CROW EL . ENR , Author

1 9 04 . May ,

— M ae M S EVEN IMP ORT ANT

ld m T t u . R aisin g the D ead . O es a ent Script re

R d d n h f f r nd ewar e i T is L i e o Our Co uct He re .

a ah 5 6 . R etribution not En d l ess . Is i 7 1

k f W n r D . 7 0 . B oo o R evelation ritte P ior to A .

n n hn 6- N t f T F . J : o Much o a ri itaria ortress I o 5 7 .

d d n rr W hy P aul A vise Ag ai st Ma ia g e . — T he Secon d Com in g of Christ W ith Jud g m en tfl L on g S ince P ast ; an d

T he ri h teou s sa ed th e w icked d am n ed g v , ,

’ ” u m n a r d A n d G od s etern al j d g e t pp ov e .

BY H ENR Y CR OW EL

A U T H O R OF

D OW N P A L L O F JER US A L E M A N D

- CR O W I O R Y OR F O O P R I N IN T H E A N D O F T I M E . EL H S T , T TS S S

Y T N H DA O , O IO 8 1 9 9 .

T he Dea d Rea n im ated or Restored to L ife .

to m in d e in At presen t I only call , but thre instances the Old Testament Scriptures i n which it is alleged that the dead

o r 1 7 were reanimated , brought to life agai n See I Kings ,

1 7 - 24 4 : 1 7 - 3 7 1 3 : 2 0- 21 ; II Kings , ; II Kings , ; al l of which l the reader will careful y examin e . They occurred at different

of n periods tim e , from eight hu n dred to nin e hu dred years w and upward s prior to the Ch ristian era . The first t o were

No w n h . t e children th e third , a man admitti g truthful ness

e of th e Bibl record of said m atters , the qu ery very natu rally

in the l and arises mi nds of intel igen t reflective readers , as to how sa th ose thin gs were brought about ; that is to y, were ? th ey really mi racles , wrought by the direct power of God or were they accompl ished by n atural laws th rough the ?

No w is . recisel agen cy of man , kind reader , that p y what

w e . are trying to ascertain T o be can did , however , I do n ot hesitate to avow my belief in th e theory that it was entirely

- in the work of man th rough his God given powers ; yet ,

it —for in directly , was the work of God Him we live , move , act , and have ou r bei ng . If asked , th rough , or by what power , or means , said gran d results were accomplished , I would

a i ti n a n im a l m tism et r c o a n e c . u n hesitati ngly n swer , by f , g ,

: 1 7 : 1 7 - 24 But to the record (I Ki ngs , ) Speaking of the “ 2 1 - 22 d prophet Elij ah , th e verses rea , An d he stretched himself u pon the child th ree tim es , etc . ; an d the soul of the

n . child came i to him again , and he revived The reader will please notice very particularly the actio ns of the prophet while engaged i n his efforts to reanimate or restore the child im to life agai n . The second case , an d perhaps the most h portant on e of the t ree , an d in which the prophet Elisha 4 S BIBLE E SAYS .

c be o 4 : 1 7 - 3 was the prin ipal actor , m ay f u nd i n II Kings , 7 ; all of which the reader is requested to carefully examin e .

At the time the child died , it seems the prophet was at

Mou nt Carmel , a distance of some sixteen or seventeen miles

fr the d h w away om the place where dea c ild as. The mother b ut having great faith i n the proph et Elisha , lost n o tim e , started immediately in search of the man of God , and o n him l finding him , at o n ce app rised of her troub es . ’ d is Hearing the mother s pitiful story , Elisha at on ce h patched his servant , Gehazi , wit orders to p roceed i n great

to haste where the child lay , at th e same time h an ding him

f - his sta f (which in all probability was an electro galvanic rod) , ’ ff an d the sayi ng , take this sta lay it o n child s face , which Gehazi afterwards assu red th e prophet he had don e ; but it failed to arouse the child to life , as seems to have been expected , all of which failure was quickly m ade kn own to E hi N w u s . o lisha po n arrival at the scen e of actio n , n otice carefully what th e prophet did after learni ng that his staff

ff - . 3 2 3 5 had failed to have the desired e ect See verses , “ which read , An d wh en Elisha was come into the house ,

w as . behold , the child dead , and laid u pon his bed He went an d in th erefore sh ut the door upon them twai n , an d pray ed

t he . u nto L ord An d h e went up , an d lay u pon th e child ,

his an d put his mouth u pon his m outh , and his eyes upon

his eyes , an d his hands upon hands ; an d he stretched himself

upon the child , an d th e flesh of the child waxed warm .

as Then he retu rn ed , (an d if to fully arouse his powers) an d walked i n the house to an d fro ; an d went u p (to W here the child lay) an d stretched himself upo n him ; an d the chil d

sneezed seven times , and th e child open ed his eyes . The

w as n work the accomplished , an d the child handed over to n its mother ; imagi e for o n e moment the j oy of that mother ,

son in having her , an o nly child , restored to her alive and

W e f well . will here remark , that the first restoration to li e ’ w s l w ho w as li a by the prophet E ij ah , E sha s predecessor and 5 BIBL E ESSAYS . n l “ i structor ; at his death , o r remova , the man tel of prophecy falling upo n E lisha ; w e therefore take it for granted that

the the latter had been fully i nstructed i n all arts and scien ce , if any , pertain ing to that highly dignified an d reverenced f 1 9 2 o fice or p rofession . See I Kings ; also II Kings 1 Elisha being the only o n e allowed to Witness the fi na “ 1 1 : A nd it departure of his master . Verse came to pass , h as they sti ll went on , an d talked , that , be old , there appeared a charriot of fire , an d horses of fire , an d parted them both i ” asu nder ; an d E lj ah went u p by a whi rlwin d into heave n . ’ Elisha receivi ng a “ double portio n of his master s ” spi rit . He had the reputatio n of being , or having b een , a very extr aordinary or powerful man ; so m uch so that h e i s even credited with doing many w oii d ers after his n atural “ him . death . And E lisha died , and they buried An d th e ban ds of the Moabites in vaded th e lan d at th e comi ng in of it the . year And came to pass , as th ey were burying a man , that , behold , they spied a ban d of men ; ( perhaps robbers) an d they cast the (dead) man into the sepulch re of Elish a ; w as w and when the (dead) man let (or drop ped) do n , and an d touched the bones of Elisha , he (the dead man) revived , ” n 0- 2 n . 1 3 2 1 . stood upo his feet See II Ki gs , See also i n “ - i 4 8 1 2 1 4 . book of Apocrypha , Ecclesiasticus , Elias (El j ah)

w as r w Elisius it was who , covered with a whi l i nd ; an d

w as his he (Elisha) filled with spi rit whilst lived , he was n ot an moved with the presence of y pri nce , n either could any b ring him into subj ection . No word could overcome him ; d ‘ and after his eath his body prophesied . He di d wonders i n ” his life , an d at his death were his works marvelous . Bu t I n sa to a eed n ot y the c reful Bible reader , that both Elij ah

l f . and E isha were powerful , as well as won der ul , men They could both be very severe , or j ust as hu man e . In a word , they were j ust su ch men , physically an d mentally , which we would sel ect to perform those gran d fea ts i n animal 8 magnetism . Reference is made i n II Kings , , to the raisi ng 6 BIBLE ESSAY S .

of the Shu nammite child by Elisha , therei n ackn owledging said tran saction .

’ T he case where the dead man was dropped into E lisha s

r u ff tw o g ave , or sep lch re , di ers from the other cases W in l . e i n n arrated suppose this ast in stance , as perhaps

w as the former , that th e man i n a comatose state or d con ition , and apparently dead which is often the case even in this enlightened age of the worl d ; and th ose parties

fo r having ch arge of the body burial , meeting the ban d of ” ' afl ri ht an d i men , or robbers , i n their g , hu rry , and exc te m n w i t e t , most likely dropped the body some hat v olently i n o ’ n t h a Elisha s tomb ; the sudde j ar , together wi h a c emic l action by the decomposition of the bon es of the prophet coming in contact with lime or other chemical matter i n the

r a l of vault , or tomb , these pe h ps creating a arge amount — ammonia or other vo latile stimulants all together they may ’ have been the true agen t or cause of that dead man s revi val ; at least that theo rv looks more pl au sible than the idea th at the dead prophet , as such , had anything to do with th e matter .

W e the “ read i n Bible That th ere is no work , n or d n o r evise , n or wisdom , kn owledge in the th e grave whither ” m m li h thou goest . So n othing could be acco p s ed th ere only through n atu ral laws ; therefore n o miracle was per

If n . m fo rmed those bo es , erely because they were the bones o f proph et Elisha , can perform such won ders , why n ot have o ur faith - cure doctors look them up an d use them ? But

N ew fi nd when we come to th e Testament , we there God ,

C w as l through hrist , raising the dead when life absolute y — h extin ct decomposition having set in . Under suc circum f stan ces , we doubt not the act that they were gen uin e th 20 P m . e i racles Yet i n case recorded i n Acts , where aul w as an d p reaching late o n e night at Troas , i n Asia Minor ,

r f Eutychus fell from th e thi d l o t , while asleep , an d was said

b e t to dead ; Paul ran to him and fell , or s retched himself

? 8 BIBL E ES SAY S .

The apostle then admonishes us to beware lest the sam e be meted out to us ; or even greater , as we have a greater light . “ - 2 — f 4 0 : 1 . Isaiah Com ort ye , comfort ye my people , f saith you r God . Speak ye com ortably to Jerusalem , an d f cry u nto her , that her war are is accomplished , that h er ’ i niquity is pardon ed ; for she lint/i receiv ed of the Lord s N hands double for all her sins . ow the prophet here

eru slem lz ad receiv ed plai nly states the fact that J , not would

u m a ll receive , a f ll , ample , an d complete punish ent for her

G od sin s up to that time ; an d th at , too , at the hands of , who “ ” W e can not err . suppose the word double is u sed i n an

. e . affirmative sense to give emph asis ; i , amply , fully d pu nish ed . A j ust God could only ren er full or j ust pu nish ment .

- -P om ises to t/z e oé d i 1 3 . r e ent D eut . ; which read carefully . — - T /z reaten in s to Me d isob d i t 26 . e en Deut . g ; study

carefully . 1 is Psal m 5 8 : 1 . Verily there a reward for the right

he earl/z eo us : Verily is a God that j udgeth in the , “ Psalm Th e meek shall i nherit the earth , an d ” Shal l delight themselves i n the abu ndan ce of peace .

: 2 5 . n ow Psalm 3 7 I have been you ng , an d am old

yet have I n ot seen the righteous forsaken , nor his seed ” begging bread . —“ h 1 1 : 3 1 . t e u S Proverbs Behold , righteo s hall be recompensed i n the ea rt/z : much m ore the wicked an d th e ” sin n er . “ — reat ea ce lz a ve t/z e Psalm 1 1 9 1 65 . G p y who love thy ” - law f . , an d n othing shall O fen d them “ - — M f l 3 : 1 2 . aw Proverbs y son , orget n ot my , but let

len t/z o d a s thi n e heart keep my commandments ; for g f y , ” lon li e ea ce . and g f an d p , shall they add to thee 9 B I BLE E S S AY S .

’ - 2 3 —ob 5 id ea o t/z e w icked Job . f f ; which please

—“ is n o ea ce Isaiah There p , saith my God , to th e ” wicked .

1 —“ w d tra va ilet/z Job 5 2 0. The icke man with pai n

a ll lz is d a y s. “ Proverbs 1 1 : Though han d j oin i n hand the ” wicked shall n ot be un pu n ished . P 5 5 2 —“ an d : 3 , — salm Bloody deceitful men shall not ” live out half thei r days .

5 —“ sea Isaiah 7 : 20. The wicked are like the troubled ” when it can not rest , whose waters cast up mire an d di rt . “ 2 : 9 r b Romans T i ul ation an d anguish , upo n every

soul of man th at doeth evil ; of the Jew first , an d also of t the Gen ile . l —“ 3 : 2 5 , H Co . e that does w rong shall receive for the wro n g whi ch h e hath done ; an d there is n o respect of ” persons . “ 1 - : 1 4 . I Chron . 6 He is the L ord our God ; His

j udgments are i n a ll t/z e earl/z .

m —“ H e : H is n Psal 1 05 : 7 . i s the Lord o ur God j udgme ts

a ll t/z e ea l are i n r /z . m 5 —“ S t t 8 : 1 1 . O S /z ere $ S Psal tha a man hall say , verily a reward for the righteous : Verily he is a God that j udg eth ” i i n Me co ril .

“ — h th ud m ents a re in t/z e ea rl/z 2 6 7 . Isaiah For w en y j g , ” the i nhabitants of the world will learn righteous ness . — 2 1 : 3 0 . I Ezek . will j udge thee i n the place where f ” thou wast created in the lan d o thy n ativity .

9 : 24 . Jer . I am the L ord which exercise loving

u in t/z e ea rt/z : ki ndness , j dgment an d righteousn ess , for in

the L orc these things I delight , saith

4 2 : 4 —H s . e Isaiah shall n ot fail n or be di couraged , til l he have set j udgment in t/z e ea rl/z : and the is les shall wait f or his law . 1 0 BIBLE ESSAYS .

I nstances recorded in the Bible of Divin e pu nishment

n . o the wicked i n this life , which pl ease read carefully

1 - ar akin o he orb dd r n . Case 0 E ve fo p t g f t f i en fruit. G e “ n d And unto the woma he sai , I will greatly multiply thy sorrow an d thy conception ; in sorro w tho u shalt bring forth chil d ren ; an d thy desire shall be to thy ” husband , and he shall rule over thee . — “ r t e sam e crim e . A nd Of A d am fo h . G en u n ' nto Adam he said , Because thou h ast hearke ed u n to the voice of thy wife , an d hast eaten of the tree , of which I

commanded thee , saying , Thou shalt n ot eat of it ; cu rsed is the groun d for thy sake ; in sorrow sh alt thou eat of it all the days of thy life ; thorn s also an d thistles Shall it bring forth to thee ; an d thou shalt eat the herb of the field : in the

th cat l sweat of y face shalt th ou bread , til thou retu rn unto the out : ground ; for of it wast thou taken for dust thou art , ” and u nto dust shalt thou retu rn .

— 4 1 0- . : 1 3 . Of Cain for the m urd er of his brother Abel G en . W ? And he said , hat hast th ou don e the voice of thy ’ brother s blood crieth u nto me from the grou nd : and now

art thou cu rsed from the earth , which hath Open ed her ’ f W mouth to receive thy brother s blood rom thy han d . hen

thou tilleth the gro un d , it Sh all not hen ceforth yield u nto thee her strength : a fugitive an d a vagabo nd shalt tho u be m i n the earth . And Cain said u n to the Lord , my pu nish ent ” is greater than I can bear .

’ rea Of the A ntediluvians for their g t w icked ness. G en . An d God saw that the wickedness of m an was h d . 7 . t e g reat in the earth Verse An d Lord sai , I will

destroy man , wh om I have created , from th e face of th e n an d earth ; both man and beast , an d the creeping thi g , th e

- 22 fowls of the air . Gen . . An d all flesh died that n and o f moved upo the earth , both of fowls , an d of cattl e , an d every creeping thi ng that creepeth on the earth , every

l i w as m an : a l n W hose nostrils the breath of live , of all 1 1 BIBLE ESSAYS .

t w as . tha in the dry lan d , died And every living substance w as destroyed which was upo n the face of the grou nd , both m an t an d and ca tle , an d the creeping things , the fowl of the heaven an d th ey were destroyed from the earth ; an d Noah o nly remai ned alive , an d they that were with him i n the ” ark .

- “ 2 5 . om orrah . T Of S od om and G . Gen hen the Lord rained upon Sodom and Gomorrah brimston e an d fire f rom the Lord o ut of heaven ; and he overth rew those citi es , and all the plain , an d all the inhabitants of the cities , an d ” that which grew u pon the groun d . ’ “ G e n . Of L ot s Wife. B ut his wife looked ” m back from behi nd him , an d she beca e a pillar of salt . — Of P harach and the E gyptians for their cruel Opp ression

- O the Israelites 7 1 1 . f ; E xodus These judgments were nin e ll m . T a i n n u ber 1 . he river Nile an d the waters of the

2 . lan d were tur ned i nto blood . F rogs were sent into their houses , into their bed chambers , into their ovens , an d i nto

- T he u 3 . their kneading troughs . d st of the land was tu rn ed f 4 . to lice . T he cattle of th e Egyptian s were a flicted with

flies , an d terrible murrain , i nsomu ch that they died , an d th e Egyptian s themselves with boils breaking forth with blai ns 5 very grievous . . A grievous hail mingled with fire cam e n m T n 6 . upo the . he whole lan d was filled with destroyi g “ h . 7 . u beasts A dreadf l darkn ess , w ich might be felt ,

T h fi rst- S 8 . e came upo n th em . born of them were lai n by

9 . th e destroyi ng angel . Pharaoh an d his host were over in off whelmed the waters of the Red Sea , an d cut from the E 4 1 . earth . See xodus

Abim elech— or the m urd er o the sons O J erubbaal Of f f f . “ : In Ju d . we are told Thus God RENDERED the n wicked ess of Abimelech , which h e did u nto his fath er , i n slaying his seve nty brethren . Of the Shechem ites or supp orting A bim elech in his “ I w e : w ickedness. n Judges are informed An d ALL 1 2 BIBLE E S SAY S . the evil of th e m en of Sheche m D ID God render upon thei r ” heads . — Of A hab and his w ife J ez ebel for their cruel m urd er Of

2 1 . h Naboth. I Kings The senten ce prono un ced upon A ab “ w as : In the place where dogs licked the blood of Naboth shall dogs lick thy blood , even thin e . I Kings “ Upo n Jezebel : The dogs shall eat Jezebel by the wall Of ” t 22 Jezreel . I Kings In chap er we have an accou nt of the execution of these senten ces . “ O the A m m onites. . 2 1 : 3 0 l f In Ezek , God says , I wil j udge thee in the place w here thou w ast created in the land of thy 2 . 2 n ativity. In Ezek we read that this sentence was “ In . executed . Ezek God says , Therefore hare I poured out min e in dig n ation upon them ; I h ave consumed th em with the fire of my wrath ; thei r ow n way have I

o e head s d recom ensed u n th ir . p p , saith the Lord God Rea

22 : 1 8 2 2 . Ezek .

n— or icentiousness and id o a o om o l l tr . Of S l f y I Kin gs 1 1 .

In this chapter , we are told that G od , as a pu nishment upo n “ m Solomon , stirred up en emies agai nst him both at ho e an d

in his abroad , and gave him n o peace kingdom during the ” remainder of his life and reign .

— r id o atr O J eroboam o l . 1 2 1 4 f f y I Kings , chapters and .

c ut Off his His family was , an d the peace of kingdom f f d . d destroyed He himsel was a flicte with a withered han , n “ for laying violent ha ds upon th e man of G od . — th a B aas/m or e s m e . 1 Of f sin I Kings 6 . He was affli cted with the same or Similar j udgments to those that

' befell Jeroboam .

A liaz iahfi fo r u B $ a Of in q i ri ng of aal ebub , inste d of

. 1 . w as God , concerni ng his sickn ess II Kings He pun ished wi th death . — m or . 2 hora id olatr . 1 . Of J e f y II Chron . A great

w as his and plague sen t u pon his people , children his wives . — He was afflicted with great si ckness an in curable disease of BIBLE E S SAYS . 1 3

a tw o m his bowels , which l sted years , and fi nally ter in ated i n death . “ F or the time IS come (NOT WILL COM E) that j u d gm en t

the h G o d u s must begin at ouse of ; an d if it first begi n at , what Shal l th e en d be of them that obey n ot the gospel of

G od ? l An d if the righteou s scarce y be saved , where sh all ? ” P 4 : 1 1 7 8 . the u ngodly an d th e si n n er appear I eter , — 2 1 3 6 . O M a a och or the sam e. f n s f II Kings II Chron . “ - 3 3 : 1 0- 1 1 3 3 : 2 1 5 . . In II Chron , we read , An d the Lord e spak to Manasseh , an d to his p eople ; but they would n ot u hearken . W herefore the L ord bro ght upon them the

s captain s of the host of A syria , which took Man asseh among the thor ns , an d bou n d him with fetters , an d carried him to ” B abylon . — 2 . 5 . Of A m az iah for the sam e. II Chron He was

a defeated i n battle , an d finally his subj ects con spired gain st him and put him to de ath . “ 20 : 1 . a m . 2 T he Of M oses nd A aron . Nu b Lord spake unto M oses an d Aaron , Because ye believed me n ot . to

of sanctify me i n the eyes of the children Israel , th erefore , ye shall n ot bring thi s co ngregation into the lan d which I have given them . Accordingly both died without bei ng permitted to enter Can aan .

be . O the un lievin Israelites. f g D eut Moses said ,

D - . e nt. 3 5 ye did n ot believe th e Lord you r G od .

w as An d the L ord wroth , an d sware , saying , su rely there

N n see shall n ot O E of these men , of this evil generatio th at u good lan d whi ch I sware to give nto thei r fathers .

1 2 : O th w ick d a d b o s. . f e e n re elli us J ew I Sam 9 . Th ey

he o d forgot the Lord th eir God , an d s l them i nto th e h and

1 : 2 of . . 8 5 . d efi led t their en emies Lev The land is , h ere ” ' i f d o i isit . fore I the iniqu ty thereo upon it Lev . “ it The lan d shall spu e yo u out , wh en y e defile , as it spued f ” out th e n ation s be ore you . 1 4 BIBLE E SS AYS .

“ - 2 Psalm 1 07 : 1 1 1 . Because they rebelled against th e the w ords of God , and contem n ed cou nsels of th e M ost High ; therefore he brought d ow n their heart with labor ; they fell ”

. down , an d th ere was n one to help “ u Lam . Jer salem h ath grievously sin ned , there fore she is removed ; all that hon ored her despise her . “ Ezek . Acco rding to thei r u nclean ness , an d

have I d one according to their transgression s , u nto them ” and hid my face from them . “ E hraim . . hast Of p Jer Eph raim said , Thou ” s chastised me a a bullock u n accustomed to the yoke . “ is Of D avid . Psalm Th ere no rest i n my “ bones heca a se of my sin . II Sam . The Lord rew ard ed me accordin g to m y righteousn ess ; according to ” ha th the clean n ess of my h ands he recompen sed m e . See , al so , II Psalm “ h 2 8 : 2 . m Of A haz . II C ron . Ahaz m ade molten i ages for Baalim . He bu rnt his child ren i n the fire , after th e F abomi n ation of the heathen . II Chron . W HERE ORE the Lord d eliv ered hi m into the hands of th e King of

Assyria .

d as or b a r Now h Of J u f etr ying Ch ist. Acts t is man (Judas) pu rchased a field with the reward of iniq uity ; he and falling h eadlong bu rst asu nder i n the midst , an d all ” his bowels g ushed out .

d his i e r n o A nanias an w S a hi a or l i t G od . Of f pp , f y g

- ff Acts 1 0. Both were struck down dead for said o en se .

- “ d . 2 H ero 3 . Of Acts And upon a set day ,

a sat Herod , arr yed in royal apparel , upon his thron e , an d t made an oration unto hem . An d the people gave a shout , i f s o . saying , it the voice of God , and n ot man An d

l r sm ote him immediate y the angel of the Lo d , because he

a z re n ot : he g God the glory an d was eaten of wo rms , an d h gave up t e ghost .

S S A 1 6 BIBLE E YS .

“ Now th ey that d ied in the plague were fourteen

d the th ousan d and seven hundred , besides them that ied in ” W of . P sa : if matter Korah ell might aul y That , the

n b w as f ev er word spoke y an gels stead ast , and y tran sgression an d disobedien ce received a fa st recompen se of reward ; how — s hall w e escape if w e n eglect so g reat a salvation with the greater light and example we n ow h ave ? “ J . W . a i Judgment ( says R ev . H nson ) begins w th each n soul on its arrival at th e period of accou tability , and t conti n u es a severe , but disciplin ary process , u ntil it conver s ” an d saves .

Thus that great an d good man , an d Christi an , Horace o Man n , i n his i n augu ral address at An tioch C llege , says “ Every wrong don e is a weight throw n above the head of

as the wrong doer , whi ch , sure as gravitatio n , will fall back ” : u po n and either wou n d or crush him . Again h e says God created the u niverse u pon the prin ciple of the

of an d supremacy th e m o ral law , it would be easier for

a o r t m ankin d to walk on thei r he ds , brea he i n vacuity , than ” of to subvert this mor al order creation . Even repentan ce would not cause him to escape the f penalty for past wrong acts , but it might save him rom a repetition o f similar acts i n the future ; thus w e see the

advantage of sin cere and genuin e repentance . It is admitted by som e of the most learned an d emin ent

commentators , th at th e Old Testament Scriptu res hold o ut

n o d to th e people other in ducements to do goo , or eschew

evil , than temporal rewards an d punishments

B u t tha t tho u h hand bin in ha nd th ey were n otified , , g / , the w icked sho uld NOT GO UNPUNISHED .

Verily he is a God that j udgeth in the EARTH . He is the Lord our God ; hisj n dg m en ts are i n a ll the

earth . “ ea rth inhabi Fo r when thy j udgmen ts are i n the , the ”— tan ts of the world will learn righteousn ess ; the true obj ect BIBLE ESSAYS . 1 7

’ all w of G od s pun ishments . But n owhere do e fi nd it

un ishm en t in an other w orld recorded in the Bible , that p produces righteousn ess . “ l the Behold , the righteous shal be recompensed in ” ea rth ; much m ore the wicked and the si n ner . Here is w 2 2 1 8 2 2 where e get it . See Isa . Ezek . ; also read 3 th E l the 7 chapter of zeki e .

Retrib ution Not End less .

N N N S “ I RETRIBUTIO OT E DLE S . See Isaiah F or w w will not contend forever , n eith er ill I b e al ays wroth ; fo r th e spi rit should fail before me , an d the souls which I have ” t made . Yet with the above tex before them , Calvin , l h Jonathan Edwards , Jeremy Tay o r , T omas Boston , Joseph

D rex ellius P . W T rapp , , Father F u rniss , ollock , Dr atts ,

.Christopher Love , with a host of oth er orthodox theol ogian s a nd m divines , conten d that a large part of the hu an family

l ff t of w oe G od ou r wil su er endless tor ure i n a world ; that , ff but Heavenly Father , will n ot su er or let them die , will u contin e thei r p u nishment forever an d ever , world without

l u t he . b end Not o n y that , that will contin ually add to their torments some new process so as to prevent the spi rits i n hell from becomi ng used to th eir tortures . Many of th em clai m ing that the endless tortures an d wailings of the damn ed

ad d the i n hell , would greatly intensify , an d to , real happi

th G od $ 1 n ess of e sai nts i n heaven . My what a th ought “ : Thus Christopher Love God shall n ot pity you , b ut shall f laugh at you r destructi on, an d mock when you r ear comes . 1 8 S BIBLE ESSAY .

not The godly shall pity you , but they shall rej oice to see ’ ’ u God s power an d God s glory i n yo r damnation . W hen l thou art scorching in thy flames , when thou art how ing in n thy torme ts , then God shall laugh at thy destructio n , an d then the sa in ts of God shall sing an d rej oice that tho u art a

his ustice so his vessel of j , an d power and wrath are made ” “ known in thee . An d th us Rev . M r . Boston : Non e were so compassion ate as the sai nts on earth du ring the time of ’ t G . n ow od s pa ience B ut th at time is at an end . Their compassion on the u ngodly is swall owed up i n j oy i n the ’ ' of ust ud m ent M ediator s glory , an d in his executing j j g , by which his en emies are made his footstool . Though some times th e righteous man did weep in secret places for thei r w Sh pride , an d because they ould not hear , yet then he all

his rej oice when he seeth the vengeance , he shall wash feet l i n the blood of the wicked . No pity sh al the n be shown to m them fro their n earest relatio ns . The godly wife shall applaud the j ustice of the j udge in the co ndem nation of her

s u ngodly husban d . The godly husban d Shall ay am en to the dam natio n of her who lay i n his boso m . The godly parents shall say hallel uj ah at the passi n g of th e sente n ce agai nst their ungodly child ; an d the godly child shall from his heart approve the damnation of his wicked parents

w ho the father who begot him , an d th e mother bore him .

r its Father F u niss , Catholic , says of h ell an d workings thus

T o ut the ake a spark of the kitchen fire , and throw it into sea , an d it will go out . Take a little spark out of h ell , less

in- sea than a p head , throw it i nto the , and it will not go out . I n on e moment it would dry up the waters of the ocean , an d set the whole world o n a blaze . Again the same author “ : b says You have heard , perhaps , a horri le scream i n the

n n ow — dead of night , but liste listen to the tremendous , th e horrible u proar of million s and mi llions and million s of 0 d . tormente creatures mad with the fury of hell , the

the screams of fear , the groanings of horror , yells of rage BIBLE E S S AYS . 1 9

h the cries of pain , the s outs of agony , the shrieks of despai r , fro m millions o n millions . There you h ear them roari ng l h like ions , hissing like serpents , owling like dogs , an d n wailing like dragon s . There you hear the gnashi g of teeth an d th e fearful blasphemies of the devils . Above all you ’ w hear the roari ng of the thu n ders of God s anger , hich ” shakes hell to its fou ndation . An d yet th e good book assu res us that the “ Lord is good “ u nto all ; an d that his tender mercies are over all his ” — works . Then better far b etter , Let God be true , though ” “ every man a liar . He says he will NOT conten d forever ; ” neither will he be always wroth .

T he “ Book of Revelation ; w as it w ritten

b efore or afte r the d ow n fall of J eru sa lem a nd

the d estruction of the tem ple ?

It is a gen erally admitted fact that th ere is n o certain W or definitely fixed date established . riters on that subj ect

tim e w hen w as differ very widely as to th e it w ritten . B ut as to th e fact whether it was written before or after the of i destructio n the temple , wh ch took place i n th e year 0 . 7 A . D , th e internal eviden ces of the book itself, most assuredly favor the opinion that it must have been written at some date prior to that event . Let us see for a moment : “ T he : book commences thus Th e revelation of Jesus Christ , him n which God gave unto , to show u to his servants things which m ust shortly come to pass ; an d h e sent and signified 20 BIB L E ES SAYS .

n his 3 d it by his a gel u nto servant John verse ,

“ h the Blessed is he that readeth , an d they t at hear words

an d of this prophecy , keep those th ings which are written ” therein ; ( an d W hy ?) for the tim e is at hand . The careful to the reader cann ot fail notice the fact , that th roughout R n v l entire Book of evelatio , th e e ents are almost i nvariab y “ ” “ Spoken of as bein g n ear at han d . Thu s ; I come quickly —“ ” “ T hi ngs which must shortly com e to pass ; The time is ” “ at han d ; That which you have already , hold fast until ” “ ” I come ; Behold , I come quickly . They were not to “ seal u p the propheci es or sayings because the time of h their fulfillment w as near at han d . But w en Daniel wrote in referen ce , perhaps , to the same events , he was told to “ ” “ th ” seal up the book or words un to the time of e end . Daniel w rote some six hu ndred years p rior to the writings “ . h of the Revelator The Revelator said , He that overcomet ,

m the en d and keepeth y works u nto , to him will I give ” n n ation s power over the n ation s . Th e if still exist , the ” “ en d could n ot have referred to the destru ctio n of the W earth . e , for that still remain s are of th e opinion that “ ” “ ” the great woes an d afiiictio ns to which Saint John “ ” “ ” so vividly refers , are th e troubl es an d wonders spoken of in the 1 2th chapter of Daniel ; and explained more at 24 1 3 2 1 length in M att . , an d M ark , an d Luke chapters .

the e In last thre chapters j ust cited , Christ quotes from the “ ” o f — “ prophecies Daniel as great tribulation , or troubles , “ f or a fliction s , greater than ever had been prior to that

troubles time , or ever should be again ; also that said were to take place within that then present generation ; du ring

e f th li etime of some of them who stood by an d heard him . It is admitted by all chu rch historian s that S ai nt J oh n sur

ived a th v those great troubles which took pl ce , in , an d about e 0 . . 7 year A D , at which time the temple was destroyed . “ 6 : 1 0- 1 7 is com e e v . R , For the great day of his wrath , an d ” who shall be able to stand ? In the 6th verse an d 1 0th BIBLE ES SAYS . 2 1

“ S chapter , an angel swears th at there hould be time on “ i . . : longer yet the earth rema ns Rev 9 6 . An d i n those d S l S ays hall m en seek death , an d sh a l n ot fin d it ; an d hall ”

. 8 : 3 . desire to die , and death shall flee from th em See Jer .

2 2 : - 1 9 . . 1 2 2 8 8 . . 4 : 1 7 . Read Jer , and chapters Ezek Mal . The following seems to m e proof positi ve that “ Revelation ” w as written prior to the downfall of Jerus alem an d the

- “ 1 1 : 1 2 . destructi o n of the temple . Rev . An d th ere was given me (Joh n) a reed liken u nto a rod ; an d the angel an d stood , saying , Rise , an d measure the temple of God , the n altar , an d them that worship therei . (Still having an the l insid e. ) But cou rt which is without the temple eave it th e out , an d m easure it n ot ; for is given u nto Gentiles and the holy city (Jeru sa lem) Shall th ey tread u nder foot ” 8 th “ tw o . d forty and m onths verse , An d their ead bodies shall lie (i n the futu re tense) in the street of the great city

l w here a lso ou which spiritu a ly is called Sodom an d Egypt , r ”— L ord w a s crucz ed J e rulalem w as fi , which settles it that the

to Now n sa city referred , upo the su pposition (as many y ,) “ t w as . . 9 5 tha Revelatio n written in the year A D , some twenty - fi ve years after th e temple h ad been throw n down so “ ” w s o ne — that there a n ot ston e left upon an other , with the very fou ndation plowed up an d obliterated ; under such circumstances wh a t wo u ld we thin k of the angel giving J oh n

to m easure the n a rule , or a rod , with which temple , and Joh , d d obedient to the comman , busily going arou nd , rod i n han , measu ring the gro u nd where that gran d structu re had o n ce stood ? W ould we n ot thin k them both i nsa n e ? It w certainly loo ks that ay to me . Not Much of a T rin ita ria n F o rtre ss .

5 7 I Epistle of John , chapter , verse , common version , reads th us “ For there are th ree that bear record in heaven , the W Father , the ord , an d the Holy Ghost ; an d these three are 3 ) o ne . — V V O N . H O LATIN ULGATE ERSI CAT LIC .

“ For there are three that give testimony i n heaven ; th e W Father , the ord , an d the Holy Ghost ; an d these three are one . — V . RE ISED TRANSLATION PROTESTANT .

And it is th e S pirit that beareth witn ess , because the [ Spirit is th e truth For th ere are th ree who bear witnes s, the Spirit , and the w ater , an d the blood ; an d the three agree ”

8 . i n on e . Verses 7 an d

’ w J . . H ANSON S TRANSLATION .

“ h f For t ere are three that testi y ; the Spirit , an d the d ” a . 7 . water , an d the bloo , an d the three gree i n o n e Verse

’ R OT H ERH AM S TRAN S LATION .

“ Because THREE are they who are bearing witness , th e

t w ater blood H F OR S piri , an d the , an d the ; an d THE T REE ARE ” THE ON E THING .

A as No w . Dr dam Clarke , quoted by Elder Summer bell , has this to say i n reference to the foregoi ng text “ s 1 . On e h undred an d thirteen G reek man u cri pts are of h extant , con tai ning the I Epistle Jo n , and the text in $ questi on is wanting i n on e hundred an d twelve .

24 BIBLE ESSAYS .

DOES T H E BIBLE TEACH T H AT G OD E VER DIED ?

“ f o f G od him sel In the ullness time , f descended from his r - th on e to his foot stool . Here he lived as a m a n among “ ” . l men He cam e n ot to destroy , but to fu fill . His

n w as of missio to complete the plan redemption . It was n o part of his gracious erran d to abrogate his ow n ch urch . r n The e never had been but on e ch urch , an d there ever was to be but on e . “ He brought life an d immortality to light ; fulfilled p rophecy ; becam e the embodiment of all types and figures ;

an sacri e o him se put en d to al l sacrifices by th e fi c f lf. He

sea l b ut ft n n . changed the , le the cove a t itself u ntouched “ ” T he tree d which he had planted , remai n e , though the “ R v off . e . n atural branches were broken , etc Thus the

. his P r h I D r Randall i n itts St eet C apel L ectu re , n Boston ,

in w s s 1 5 . a 8 8 . M as , the winter of D r Randall a promi nent

P otesta Now r n t Episcopa l Chu rchm a n i n good standing . if ’ h w as h the Doctor s statem ent be true , t en t ere n ot a time when there was n o living God ? Su rely the Scriptures

h if h w as on e G od . e teach us that there is but T en sacrificed , ? o r put to death , (I say this reverently) where was the other

S o f If the Doctor , i n peaki ng the sacrifice , really meant the

t so w e f l Ch ris , he should have said , as ai to find i n th e Bible “ ” G od him sel where Christ is called f. W ith such Bible ex position s as the above , n o wonder l we have so many infi d e s and u n believers .

T he learn ed Father Coghlan , Catholic , said i n a lecture w “ if a fe years si nce , i n Dayton , Ohio , th at Jesus Christ

n ot f w as an u was God himsel , then h e imposto r , and nworthy ” h t e . to be heard . Later on learn ed Dr T almage i n on e of “ his : If n ot God h popular sermons said Ch rist be a , t en h e was a hypocrite or deceiver , or som e such language .

- 1 8 . Those h oly men had better read Deut . Acts

- 3 : 2 2 23 ; 7 : 3 7 . Joh n W hy Did P a u l Disco u rag e M a rriag e ?

N I TROD UCTORY .

“ : Gen esis God said to man Be fruitful , multiply ”

n d . a a replenish the earth , an d subdu e it Marri g e dates “ n 3 : 1 6 . a m . G e . back to Ada and E ve It s ys , The hu sban d ” shall rule over the woman . Fu rther o n we fin d them m arryi ng right along ; comi ng to the an cient patriarchs , — Abraham , Isaac , Jacob , Judah , Joseph , David , Solomon all m arrying ; then ce the same up to th e birth of Jesus Christ , — who later on took part in a marriage ceremo ny helpin g to furnish the win e for the guests ; and never speaking again st lawful an d proper marriage . W d . O The very learn e Rabbi , Dr ise , of Cin cin n ati , hio , says th at even the Apostle Paul himself was married an d had daughters . Before entering i nto the discussion why

Paul in the seventh chapter of I Cori nthians , advised against 1 2 marriage , we ask the reader to first carefully read Dani el , 24 1 3 1 9 2 1 20 3 Matthew , Mark , Lu ke an d , Lu ke , II Peter ,

P 4 : 1 7 1 8 1 2 . S of I eter , , Mark Then make a pecial n ote 1 5 1 6 1 7 1 8 1 9 20 2 1 24 th the , , , , , an d verses of the chapter

l 1 3 : 1 4 1 5 1 6 1 . 7 of M atthew See thei r paralle s i n Mark , , , , 24 2 1 8 1 9 2 1 22 2 3 5 2 6 . . 1 0: 23 , , an d L uke , , , , , Matt ;

W e now com e to the seventh chapter of I Cori nthians the only book or chapter i n th e Bibl e advising against m marriage . It wo ul d see that Paul h ad been written to “ O f h w : touching matters t at ki nd , an d ans ers thus It is good for a man n ot to touch a woman ; n evertheless , to avoid

i forn cation , let every man have his ow n wife , an d let every ” woman have her ow n husband . S 2 6 BIBLE E SAYS .

A S marriage up to th at time had always been permitted an d approved , there must have been some Special reason for the change ; w e will endeavor to ascertai n the true cause w as T why it best n ot to marry at that time . he careful reader will readily see that Paul did not preach that marriage w as S of immoral o r inful ; no , n ot a word it , but h e did say ' “ it might cause trouble i n th e flesh an d he d esired that t 2 . 7 3 0. they might avoid tha See verses , an d See

S cri tur ferr d . es re e Matt By examining the p . to i n

l all the introduction , you wil learn that Christ and the apostles taught there was a great crisis or revolutio n pen ding — i n the n ear future the exact day of which w as o nly know n to God himself ; but Christ assured them that it would come du ring the lifetime of some that stood by an d heard him — that it would come durin g that present ge neratio n th at it would come before the apostles Shal l have gone over the cities of Is rael . “ This trouble or “ tribulation, Christ had said was to be the greatest th at ever had been up to that tim e , or ever should b e again . He had given his followers a descripti o n of the sign s m which were to precede that greatest of all cala ities . His followers had been time an d agai n warn ed to be cons tan tly “ o n th e lookout for it , as it might come upon them as a thief ” i n the night . Peter describes it as the burni ng up of the ” “ ” w . earth , and the passing a ay of the heavens See

II Peter 3 ; also I P eter 1 8 . See th e comments on those passages by the following abl e and learned com m en

Calrnet rs : . tato D r Adam Clark , , Lightfoot , Gilpin , Ham

W . McK ni ht W etstein W itsius . . . mond , g , , , J Han son , L R

T he e Paige an d others . great calamity referr d to , took

. . 7 0 place in th e year A D , when Jerusal em an d th e templ e were destroyed an d eleven hun dred thousand Jews perished

f - n O the livi ng , ninety seven thousa d were taken captives by ” “ w “ l the Romans , thus scattering the po er of the ho y BIBLE ESSAYS . 27

u people . D uri ng th e siege six h n dred thousand dead bodi es in n T w lay un cove red the valley ear the do omed city . o thousan d dead bodies lay in the subterran ean sewers in the city . Upon the approaching trouble , Christ had warn ed his followers to flee to th e mou ntains , which they did . Now you can see an d u n derstan d why Paul advised n and agai st marriage , an d for husban ds wives to live as though they were u nmarried . He also advised against hold — i ng m uch goods see 3 0th verse . In plai n E nglish Paul wanted b oth men an d women to be i n a co n ditio n that they ” ” to coul d get up an d git , or flee the mountai ns as Christ l had ordered . An d as child bearin g usual y follows the

far m arriage rel atio n , that shrewd apostle thought , so as p racticable , to sus pen d sai d relation u ntil the great crisis , or S t be . revoluti on , hould over , but n ot beyon d that ime No , there is n ot a word in the whole Bible that can be con strued to mean that marriage a nd the propagatio n of the hum an n u Species are u nlawful or u advisable . Thu s the caref l reader will readily see that the very learn ed an d human e apostle acted Wisely an d philosophically i n his advice to his

Corinthian brethren an d sisters . He deserves great cred it “ for his efforts i n tryi ng to save his people from the suffe ring ” i n the flesh that marriage an d consequent child hearing

24 : 1 . would have caused . See M att . 9 M ark Luke

Surely we cann ot well exact higher authority .

Hope the reader is n ow satisfied . — NOT E In this world w e marry an d are given i n —“ ” marriage multiply an d repl enish the earth , which is all in lawful an d right , for God so ordered it . B ut th e

W e resu rrection (world to come) neither marry , n or are given i n marriage , but are as the angels of God i n heaven ; do not multiply there . T he S eco nd Co m ing of Christ .

INTRODUCTORY .

sa h At the outset , the writer wish es to y t at he firmly n u believes that , that comi g took place in and abo t the year

0 the . . 7 u A . D of Christian era A somewhat careful st dy u of the Scriptures forces that view pon him , contrary to the n bias of an early educatio touching those matters . W hen our Saviour first appeared i n accordan ce with an cient proph ecy , the greater part of th e Jews refused to

as - accept him the long looked for Messiah , an d most of them still refuse to admit that he was the Christ ; some of n them are still looki g for him to make his first appearan ce . W h ? ell , w at better are we than the Jews Perhaps tw o - thirds or more of the present Ch ristian s refu se to admit that his seco nd coming—that he had an n oun ced should take — place h as taken place ; but like the Jews as to his first

so his d coming , they are still looki ng for secon advent . The an d main trouble is this , with both Jews Christian s , they have marked out to themselves certain forms or man n er of d t his coming , which not having taken place i n accor ance wi h has their peculiar ideas , deny that it taken place at all . The

i as w as secon d com ng , I u nderstand it , to reward every on e — — . 1 6 : 2 7 2 8 ut according to his works Matt , p dow n Judaism and more fully establish his kingdom or reign on

he ? earth . Did not do it O ne great trouble with many of

the our orthodox Christians i s , they do n ot like to admit fact that so gen eral a j u d gment has already t aken place i n thi s ” ” un “ world under the s in the lan d of ou r n ativity . BIBLE ES SAYS . 29

T hey seem greatly to prefer putting off j udg m ent to be — exercised i n a future state of existen ce that is after death ; “ forgetting that the Bible says : W he n his j udgments are i n the earth , the i nhabitants of th e world will learn righteou s ” “ n ess . The phrases , the great an d dreadful day of the ” “ ” “ ” “ ” “ l ” Lord , that day , last day , last days , ast time , ” ” ” “ “ “ “ d a last tim es , great day , day of wrath , y of the Lord , etc . , n o doubt refer to the time of his secon d coming . See t a the third chapters an d seven h verses , both of M tt . and Luke . T here it is recorded that when they came to Joh n to be m n $ w baptised , he said u nto the , Ye gen eratio of vipers ho hath warn ed you to flee from the wrath (about) to come ?

d m ello The tran slators failed to ren der the Greek wor , ,

about which , i n E nglish , would be equivalen t to th e word . They were admonish ed that a w rath was about to befall ’ l them . So with Paul s admonition to Fe ix . Acts

n and He reason ed with Felix of righteousn ess . tempera ce a j udgment (about) to come ; an d history assu res u s that it d id l come , an d that too Within a few years after Paul ectured ’ him ; Paul s language w as so forcible th at it m ade “ Felix ” n tremble . He must have felt that the j udgme t w as n ear

’ at han d . B ut as our translators have ren dered P aul s n ot l u t lectu re , it is like y that it would have ca sed him o ” “ too ff tremble very much ; it puts it far o . Pu nishmen t ” u u “ the s s ally follows close upo n heel of the tran sgressor . T he following is from th e pen of th e Rev . Abel C . W ’ . 5 T hom as See oman s Centenary T ract No . 9 In ’ - 2 8 find Matth ew , we ou r Saviou r s testimony con cerning the Signs which Should precede the desolation of

w a n the Jerusalem , together ith in tim tio s of great tribulati on be which woul d co n n ected with that event , and in struction s l how th e disci pl es might escape it . The para lel places are

- - 4 Mark 1 3 : 5 23 ; Luke 2 1 : 8 2 .

- “ . 24 : 29 3 1 M M O ur Saviour subj oins , Matt , I EDIATELY A F TER THE TRIBULATION OF TH O SE DAYS Shall the su n be 3 0 BIBLE ESSAYS .

darkened , an d the moon shall n ot give her light , an d th e S stars h all fal l from heaven , and the powers of the heaven s shall be Shaken ; an d T H EN shall appear the Sig n of the S o n o f man i n heaven ; an d THEN shal l all the tribes of the earth l i mourn , an d they shal see the Son of man co ning in the t clo uds of heaven with power and grea glory . An d he sh all h t sen d his angels wit a great soun d of a rumpet , an d they S hall gather together his elect from the fou r winds , from on e ” end of heaven to the other . Th at all these things were to take place IM M EDIATELY u A F TER the tribulation i n the destruction of Jer salem , we are “ expressly assu red ; but i n order to make assurance doubly ” W sure , the parable of th e fig tree is added , ith this positive 3 4 “ A O testimony , verse , Verily I say u nto you , THIS GENER TI N ? ” till a ll these thin s d shall n ot pass , g be fulfille See Mark Luke

all thesethin s Let it be carefully n oted , that g in cluded the darkening of the sun ; the withdrawal of the light of the moo n ; th e falli ng of the stars ; th e Shaking of the powers of the heaven ; the coming of the So n of m an i n the clouds of heaven with power and great glory ; th e mission of a e com

el . panying angels , to gather the ect , etc It is therefo re of great importan ce to ascertain w hat i s — m eant by THIS GE N ERATION fo r if it m ean s the age in which

v r Jesus li ed , o r rath e the men of that age , n ot only the

incidents above mentioned , but all the predicted tran saction s

- f o f the (so called) par able o th e sheep an d goats (M att . 2 5 : 3 1 - 4 6) belong to a period of time over eighteen hun d red “ years ago—for the time is stated (verse 3 1) W H EN the Son l his of man sha l come i n glory , an d all the holy angels with ”

H sit . him , T EN shall he o n the th ron e of his glory , etc — w This coming in glo ry yea , ith great power and glory

accompanied by angels , and preceded by great commotions

im m ed iate a ter i n the heavenly bodies , belongs to a period ly f t the tribulation of Jerusalem i n the destruction hereof, before

3 2 BIBLE ESSAYS .

W “ hen Jesus said , This generation shall n ot pass away ” l h n l til all these t i gs be fulfil ed , he but repeated a p redictio n v he had pre iously uttered , that there were some perso n s p resen t w ho Should live to w itness the tran saction s he

- 6 : 2 2 . l . 1 7 8 referred to , Matt Those person s were in c uded

this en eration i n the phrase g ; wh en the last of them died ,

w as that gen eration closed , and another began . “ W h tion . t T his en era The learn ed Dr i by says , g n ever New the m en o bears any other sen se i n the T estamen t . than f

o — this a e. . n 24 : 3 4 . S . . g Com Matt . o wrote Dr Thomas

No w l , surely no i nte ligent people believe that any of h w w o sa hr n h . those and heard C ist whe ere , are yet living

T hat would be both u nscriptural and u n reasonable .

n el Neither should any i t ligent man con ten d , or believe , “ h t w that the ph rase , t is genera ion , m ean t the Je ish race t f only an d tha part of the race still exists , there ore that

n . generatio in which Jesus lived and taught , still lives That would make forty - tw o races of the Jews from Abraham to Of the bi rth Christ . Should any one believe so un reason able an i nterpreta oi o w tio n the phrase i n questi n , it ou ld n ot su rprise me very

S w e o n at m uch , hould see him some clear day going arou n d

- n w in fi n d the mid noo with a tallo candle hand tryi n g to, n— W e su so befogged i n darkn ess would be b e. should be very careful not to offer any i nterpretation which wo ul d d an a u . contradi ct m ke Ch rist st ltify himself Yea , let God

be . be true , though it make every man appear to a liar I will n ow n otice some o fthe mai n texts commonly used by futu re Adventists in o rder to Show a second com ing has n ot al ready taken place . In 9 1 0 1 1 the first ch apter of Acts , , , verses , we read , S And when h e had poken these things , while they beheld , he w as taken up ; and a clo ud received him out of their Sight . f t And while they looked stead astly oward heaven , as:;he t tw o b them rl wen up , behold , men stood in white appa e ? y t B I BLE E S S AYS . 3 3

of w h a which also said , Ye men Galilee , y stan d ye g zing up ? f in to heaven This same Jesus , which is taken up rom you

I a sha ll so com e in lihe m an n er a s e hav e seen him nto he ven , y ” o in t g o heav en . The italicised words are mai nly what th ey

n depend o n for a y et futu re person al comi g . Let u s carefully examin e this matter . Matthew says n othing about the ascension from “ B ethany ; n eith er does Joh n . Mark merely says , So then

had w as after the Lord spoken u nto them , he received up i ” . No t nto heaven , an d sat on the right h an d of God a “ word does h e say about his so returni ng in like mann er as ” Nor “ h e went up . does Mark say anything about the two ” m en in white apparel . Neither does Matthew or John . “ A n d as L uke says , he led them out as far to Bethany ;

f his an d he li ted up h ands , an d blessed them . An d it cam e

w as to pass , while he blessed th em , he parted from them ,

all an d carried up i nto heaven . That is Luke record s of

n at anything stra ge th at occu rred th e ascen sion , in his gospel . Not a word about his return i n the closing scen e ; n either “ ” tw o m en does he say anything about the i n white apparel . W hy I re m ember ve r y wel l when men in this cou ntry n occasionally dressed i n white clothi g , but they were n ot

m u w ho co nsidered to be either ore wise , or pio s than those

ff C t tw o . n ot dressed di erently , but you say hose men were

l W w e men , but ange s . hat right h ave to contradict the

u m en ? Script res , where they are only called

New I have looked the Testament th rough , but fail to

” fin d a word said about thei r bei ng angels , consequently ask proof It is gen erally con ceded that the same Luke who wrote — the third Gospel , also wrote th e Acts which was written l perhaps over a quarter of a century after the G ospe . So an d between the time of writing the Gospel Acts , he must

tw o have learn ed about the men i n white , an d what they

’ N w . o said as to the man n er of ou r Saviou r s second coming , 3 4 BIBLE ESSAYS .

hearin g all this i n mind , would it be right to put a higher ’ value u pon the wo rds of those tw o men than u po n Christ s ow n n so ? W e stateme t , often repeated trust not . At hi s ascension everything seemed to be perfectly still an d quiet .

S O so quiet afte r Jesus had ceased blessing the people , that as w e w as far h ave any record , there scarcely the ripple of a “ ” leaf to be heard until the two men i n white apparel broke NO — — the silence . lightning no sounding of trum pets n o

’ n o least so commotion , u n usual display whatever , at far as

Now s . a his we are informed I wish to y, that if secon d his advent is to be like ascension , then it would contradict all the statements made by himself as to the man ner of su ch ? second coming . Did you ever think of that Sometim es future Adventists endeavor to prove the correctn ess of their views from the book of Revelatio n ; but then the careful scriptu ral reader has no doubt noticed the fact , that th rough out n early the whole book of Revelation , “ ” events are almost i nvariably spoken of as Being at h and , “ “ Shortly to com e to pass , or qu ickly to come to pass , “ ” “ d Behold , I come quickly , The time is at han , etc . T hese things mostly had their fulfillment i n and about the

0 in te n a l ev id en ces . . 7 . r year A D The of th e book itself,

u satif o ght to y any careful reader of the Scriptu res , that i t

n the u was writte previous to destr ction of the temple .

u the 4 th Then , again , f tu re Adventists quote part of ’ chapter of II Thessalo nians ; wel l in Paul s discou rse he — certainly uses some very highly fig urative language some r l i ndeed pretty hard to u nde stand at this age of the wor d .

W h u he y, even Peter , a colleag e and cotemporary , said l’ “ fou n d i n Pau s epistles , things that were hard to be ” n un derstood . B ut the coming there spoke of says n othing about an j ud m ent. It represents said comi ng with great —y g . S O display the sou nding of trumpets , etc , of cou rse , it would not be like the coming spoken of by the two men or

S 3 6 BIBLE E S S AY . reply to it in a frien dly discussio n ; b e holdi n g that th e ” “ tw second advent is yet future . The j oining of the o parts together , causes some repetiti on ; but as the points repeated

w e a . . are good , p ss them to the reader AUTHOR

“ ’ ' R esolv ed A A N D M N OF S H A s A L RE AD Y , TH T SECO CO I G CH RI T ” TA K E N PLACE .

f In assuming th e a firmative on th e foregoing resolution ,

I am fully aware that I have an on ero us duty to perform , i nasmu ch as the afflrm ant is expected not only to prove that

n and a secon d comi ng has bee looked for expected , but that it has already transpired ; but as my Oppon ent is emin ently i h well read i n the Scriptures , and admits and i s expect ng su c

an d coming , which , i n this discussion , will greatly relieve lighten my work ; truly glad that I have such Oppon ent to n debate this highly important questio with . Hope I will be excused for such a lo ng introduction as I

o n shall make , but this very important subj ect I wish to make things plai n and be fully u nderstood ; that is the apology of your humble servan t . I must con fess that I fail to u n derstan d why so m any Bible readers fai l to see an d un derstan d that a second coming has already taken place . Perhaps th e bias of early educatio n has much to do with it ; b ut most likely the larger “ the t responsibility rests with pries hood , as they want to keep up the fear an d excitement caused among the people — by an expectancy i n such a coming with all the woes—long t— sin ce pas with it . t “ Bet er , far better , Let God be true , though it make “ every man appear to be a liar . Search the Scriptu res an d ” see . BIBLE E S SAYS . 3 7

A fe w word s now relative to the lo n g credit sys tem of meti ng out reward s and p u nishments p reached by the maj ority of biblical expou nders ; they put off all j udgments

far off an d . to sa l the to a i n definite futu re Th at is y , u nti h l destruction of t is earth ; yet the wise man So omon said , “ One gen eration p asseth away ; an d another gen eratio n

b u t . h cometh , th e earth abideth forever The prop et said ,

“ v the ear th should rem ain un m o ed forever .

M I at y Opinion s , that j udgment begin s the age of i accou ntabil ty , an d contin ues from day to day , a severe , but

o disciplin ary process , u ntil it heals , c n verts an d reforms . Let us go back an d le a rn what th e Bible says ; we will begin n ear th e begi n n ing . W e there read that G od had prepared

- had a nice garden in which fruit bearing trees been plan ted . He told Adam and Eve at the tim e he placed them in the garden to cultivate an d take care of it , that they coul d eat the fruit of any of the trees except on e—“ the tree of the ”— knowledge of good or evil but of th at they should n ot

in the d a surel d ie eat ; for y they eat thereof they sh ould y .

No long credit there . I suppose the death w as a moral

—a m death dying to in nocen cy , their being asha ed to be seen h n w th certain ly implies t at mu ch . Take o e case of Cai n for hi ’ the murder of s brother Abel . Read God s p unishmen t

n . i flicted on him Cai n said it was more than he could bear .

No long credit there . Read the case of King Herod for his

f n . R f boast ul oratio ead the case of Ananias an d wi e . The tran slators of the New Testam ent appear to have “ L favored the long credit system . et u s see ; i n renderi ng the i nto English , seventh verse i n chapter third , both of h “ ” . M att an d Luke , t ey th row o ut the Greek word mello ,

u u se of “ which is eq ivalent to the English the word about . “ T hat w ould m ake John th e Baptist say : O brood of Vipers ; ” who hath warn ed you to flee from th e wrath a bout to come ?

’ s in P Th e same , or about the ame omission , occu rs aul s “ address to Felix when he lectu red him o n righteousn ess , 3 8 BIBLE E S SAY S .

a bout d id com e temperan ce and a j udgment to come ; and it , Y et l if history can be relied on . the tran s ators left i t open

can so that the j udgment be carried over into the n ext world , where th e most of our preachers are wont to send their —“ hearers to b e j udg ed . My Bible tells me twice That his h “ j udgments a re i n a ll the earth . T at when his j udgments

the the are i n the earth , inhabitants of world will learn ”— “ e . righteousn ss the very thing wanted Agai n , I will j udge thee i n the place wh ere thou wast created ; in the lan d ” N ow is u of thy n ativity . if God n changeable , will he n ot

lw a s ud e ? a y j g u s i n th e earth Cora , Dathan , Abiram , an d their followers foun d his j udgments in the earth at the time u it Opened its mouth an d swallowed them p , or rath er down . — Ki ng David fou n d his j ud gments in thi s w orld an d that — du ring his n atural life when he was so sorely pu nished that “ the when delivered , said , he had been delivered from low est hel hi Now w e will make a little i nquiry as to s first coming . In the first books of th e Old Testam en t th ere i s n ot m uch him d is sai d about , and that which is mention e somewhat 1 8 obscure , or poetical ; but when we com e to the th chapter 1 5 th 1 8 th of D eut . all is plain . See to verses of that chapter . “ There Moses plainly declares th at , The Lord thy G od will m raise u p u nto thee a prophet from the idst of thee , of thy ” him S brethren , like u nto me ; un to ye hall hearken . Read on to th e 1 9 th verse i nclusive . Now Peter and Stephe n both assu re us that Christ w as d an . d that proph et , quote M oses Joh n also ackn owle ges w as him as that prophet which to come . Jesus Christ

a w he “ referred to that pass ge n o doubt hen said , Moses Old sp ake of him . F urther o n i n th e Testament Scriptures he is frequently spoken of ; even the mann er i n w hich he m d ho w f sh ould co e into the worl , and also he was to su fer i an d be taken out of the world . All these these th ngs were

as su pposed to be plai n to the Jews , the Bible came i nto use

4 0 I S S B BLE E AYS .

t “ e . t 1 : 1 has not y taken place Ac s 0 1 1 . An d while th ey

d f he u looked stea astly toward h eaven , as went p , behold , tw o m en l sa stood by them i n white apparel ; whi ch a so id , ye

o f a ? men Galilee , why stand ye g zing u p i nto heaven This

u is u r same Jes s , which taken p f om you i nto heaven , sh all so come i n like man n er as ye have seen him go into heaven . ” This is the great “ stu m bling block that has bli nded the h l eyes of so many C ristian peop e . The question n eeds

n W h w r careful i vestigation . o were those t o men d essed i n ? “ ” white apparel Angels , you exclaim . I obj ect ; th e Scriptures say M EN ; I d emand you r authority to change from m en to a n els n o u b “ m an oflice rs g , u less y mean y angel o r — messenge rs in that sen se m en are often called angels throughout the Old and N ew T estam ent ; but that d oes n ot make them superh uman bei ngs ; it only expresses the oflice

h n . or agency t ey hold . Read second chapter of Revelatio s

h h r in T ose c urch angels were u ndo ubtedly men . D essing white has al w ays been t a ken as a Sig n of pu rity ; yet I re m ember very well when nearly all th e young m e n i n the

r an d cou nt y wore w hite ; y es , many of the older ones also ;

w e n o t an t yet were really y bet er or more intelligent then ,

w e than were when we wo re colored suits . Rest assu red I t not erm i . tw o . will cp such men to make Christ a liar

No w sa h u the u nbelievers y, th at as C rist w ent p to

n f r a h eave rom the mou nt i n a bodily an d pe sonal fo rm , th t when h e return s to this earth h e must appear an d look like

S O tw o he did at th e time he ascended . said the men i n ” white and we believe them ; n o w as n o such a coming as

has f the has n ot et that been seen , there ore , second comi ng y N w f t . o taken place a ter his dea h and reanimation , when so m e of his disciples saw him they ran to him an d were about him bu t b “ to take hold of ; he for ade them , saying , To uch f w fo r . e me not , I have not yet ascended , etc B ut i n a days thereafter he i n vited and u rged them to touch and handle

N w his w him . o when he asked follo ers to touch and handle 4 1 BIBLE ESS AYS .

a him , as the Scriptu res declare , he must h ve ascen d ed to hi s

and he u d Father returned , or m st have change his mi n d o n that subj ect after he had told the m n ot to tou ch him ; which

w as ? had his way it , cousi n If you say he ascen ded to Father v an d returned , then that surely would ha e been a secon d b u t coming ; then on the other hand , if yo u say he had — changed his min d you make him o ut a ch an geable ? character ; which ho rn of the dilemm a do you take You l “ can n ot well take both . My Bib e tells me that God i s Spi rit ; a nd Christ said s pirits have n ot flesh an d blood an d bones as we have ; n either can such enter i nto th e kingdo m ’ n of heaven . The I hold this idea i n reference to Christ s n f resurrectio to li e . It is this : Ch rist had a mission to perform ; he m ust therefo re complete the p roof that he w as the Christ that the

Scriptures had all along an n o un ced should come , an d that

ff Now m n in h e m ust su er death and come to life agai n . e the see w as body can not , with their n atural eyes , spi rit ; so it n ecessary for him to take o n th e n atu ral body so th at his followers could see him with thei r natural eyes and discern an d know that h e was that same person whom they had

n f had bee ollowing , an d who been crucified to death an d was

n h w as alive agai ; this , and t is o nly , , i n my Opi nion , the reason h e took u pon himself the ol d , or n atu ral body . So for the : same reason that same body appeared at th e

w as ascension . I hold that so soon as it up beyon d the eyes “ - O u w as of the lookers , that it dispersed i n the twinkling of ” its an eye to mother elements , but the spirit alone went to

God . There Father an d So n alike would be spirit ; n ot o n e wholly Spiri t an d the other spirit an d body . So we have not b een looki ng for the return of that physical body . Th e Revelator speaks of beasts an d ho rses as bei ng arou n d or n ear the th ro n e ; m akes the four beasts to say , Amen . They o u were metaphorical beasts an d horses , n ot real ; no , y do not

' beli eve them real . Let me here state that n eith er the 4 2 S BIBLE E SAYS .

E n or u physical bodies of noch , Elij ah , were taken p i nto heaven , b ut the spi rits only , the bodies having been retu rned

w a to the dust , from when ce they were taken , on their y W e will now exami n e a nother passage of Scripture “ : - 1 4 t used by the u nbelievers Matt . , But he hat shall endure u n to the end the same shall be saved . An d this gospel of th e kingdom shall be preached in all the world for a witness u nto all n ation s an d then shall th e en d com e . “ ” Now you may ask what en d is here referred to ? I an swer

u n e uivicall the en d o the M osa ic rei n or rule most q y, f g , ; “ perhaps better stated thus : the consummation of the Je w ish ” h state , or polity . T at would n ot conflict with facts , inas

m as law - uch they were not keeping th e , b ut were govern ed

by their traditions . Many claim it to be the literal — d estruction and en d o f this earth alleging that so soon as the above condition s have been m et that the en d will take

f as V . O place course , such hold that iew of the end are ignorant of the true meaning of the Scriptures ; are rather to all be nitied than censured for such belief. T o such I will say that the conditions have been fully met for over eighteen T he hun dred years . en d spoken of above took place i n

0. A . D . 7 For proof that the conditions had been complied

m . with prior to that ti e , read Col . Rom ” >i< “ 3 $ $ . . S ee . I Cor . Vi ndicator , Vol VIII , No ,

N 2 5 3 5 5 . $ $ . o . 69 7 2 . pages to ; also Vol VIII , , pages to R ead those articles carefully and you will be convinced that the condition s mention ed i n verse fo urteen h ave long Since been complied with ; an d from the known character of the

person who m ade an noun cement , we feel sure the en d has already taken place an d that it is wicked to take advantage

n n end of the ig ora t an d make them believe that , that is yet

future .

t ‘ “ ” — l h e Vin d ic ator is a D unk ard p ap er m y O pp on en t b e l on g s to n i u r s id a er th at ch urch an d is a c o tr b to to a p p .

BI BL E RS S S .

' Joh n to take a rul e and m easu re the in n e r le ui p e ‘ v - | m easuri ng the e nt e r p art tw e u n ti\ e x e ars antle r n .

n to rn so a o n e st e “ as no t e ft o . down . th t on l u p

ven eve the at o u o n w c it s to o l a . n fou nd i n p hi h d

s S o u d \ o plow ed llp no t m ak e am se n e . h l

t rri u ( e J e s a e do ub ts about th es e thi ngs re e g ru l n .

‘ r 1 h R v Y o u c a t at as l v v e se of 1 t ch apt er of e . l im h

“ m s v rv v o se e hn u t at he so co e o th at e e e e c uld . h

y f r W e e la u u ll vet e so c is e t t e . com . his oin ing u u

“ ” w o rd see is frequ entl y us ed in the se n se o t p. t l

f r sta All t at the J e n s n e e ee o e . obs rv . l u nd r nd h

“ l t l 0 “ hi I \ 7 . e s t e ea t e . un d r tood i n h i r gr roubl s in .

the greates t th at e \ e r had b ee n u p to that tim e s un l l

- o r t . e e o he a a sa C st an d n e hat v r sh uld g i n id hri .

w r his ord fo it .

“ w w ‘‘ l A fe m o r e o rd s i n refer en c e to the he ar in g ( ii l | o f R evel atio n has o n ll and I will le m e th at fo r the pres e nt .

‘ ‘ Read e e rs es o f the fi rs t c l l h l six th ve r n th e lnipl v ers e ; th u d se e o the eight o u rte e i fi fteen th read the B IB L E E S SAY S . 4 5

— “ $ “ i s t han d these thi ngs will come q uickly , or , will shf tl n o y com e to pass ; , n ever , yet you futu re Adven tists v b are o nt to make th e Revelator stultify himself y saying , thc a ez /z teen lz u n d red ea rs things are yet futu re , th ough g y h t w /z a m S e . a elapsed sin ce th e book as w ritten . on you

- 4 : 1 3 1 . n w . 7 W e o come to I . Thess T he sixteenth an d “ sev teenth verses read : For the Lord himself s hall descen d

e t fr heaven with a shout , with the voice of the arch an gel , an d vith the trump of G od ; an d the dead i n Ch rist shall

irst : rise then we w hich are alive an d remain , shall be cau l g t up togeth er with them in the c ouds , to meet the ” s h Lor i n the air ; an d o s all w e ever be with the L ord . T hi s ext is often quoted by the futu re Adventists in p roof W that te secon d coming h as n ot yet t aken place . e admit th at we give it a strictly literal in terpretation , that it is a hard n e to fully u n derstan d . You will bear i n min d the

hat w as fact , at th e tim e it was uttered by th e apostle , it belie d an d taught that ou r eart h w as flat an d stood still ;

“ an d at the su n revolved aroun d the earth ; anyon e then could top above the earth an d remai n above any given poi nt

10 1 u a n t as as they pleased , provided they co ld b l a ce hem sel ve s n the air ; could then bl ow the trumpet as long as

f w they ished over th e poi nt selected . B ut ou r n e

hilos wh r p y, which no doubt is co rect , teaches us that the earth roun d , and i n stead of the su n going aro un d it , th e earth 1 rns arou n d on its axis on ce i n every twenty four

n d a f an v h ours , which wo ul d c rry us away rom given poin t

a t w e above , seventeen miles every min ute ; h en go arou n d

sui o nce — so th e every y ear th e orbit bei ng very large , that we hat to travel th rough space ni n eteen miles each secon d of tim e Tl s you se e there i s only a fracti on of a seco n d to ’ blow t s trumpet ab o ve any fixed point o n the earth s surface 4 4 BIBLE E S SAYS .

John to take a rule and measu re the in n er temple an d omit measuring the outer part twenty - fi ve years after it had been

torn down , so that one ston e was n ot left upon an other ; n f yea , eve the ou ndatio n upon which it stood had been

t — plowed i p woul d n ot make any sense . S hould you have t 8 th doubts abou these thi ngs referrin g to Jerusalem , read

h ' verse of 1 1 t chapter of Rev . You claim that as he has not

so “ see so come that every eye could him , that h e did n ot W com e so . e yet , his coming is yet futu re claim that the ” “ see n word is freque tly used i n the sen se of perceive ,

observe , feel or u nderstand . All that th e Jews fel t an d “ h . . 7 0 u nderstood i n their great troubles in A D , whic was — the greatest that ever had been up to that tim e said Daniel ; — or that ever should be again said Christ , an d w e will take

his word for it . A few more words i n refere n ce to the bearing the book

has i I of Revelatio n on th s subj ect , and will leave th at book

for the present . Read carefully th e first th ree verses of the first chapter ; sixth verse of the n inth ch apter ; tenth chapter an d sixth verse ; the eleve nth chapter an d fi rst an d secon d verses ; also h f n the eighth , n in t and tenth verses ; ourtee th chapter an d

h Y ou n w . o fifteent an d sixteenth verses have read th e first ,

ten t/z read the last chapter , especially verses sixth , seventh , , “ : h twelfth , an d twen tieth verse He which testified t ese

u el I v S r . so t hings saith , y come quickly ; Amen E en , com e , ” w h an “ w Lord Jesus . Then won der y y biblical sch olar , ith ” m sense enou g h to go i n when it rain s , could quote fro that

is book to p rove that the secon d coming yet future , when the things referred to had thei r fulfillment over eighteen d . i hun dred years si nce Rea Isaiah , Jerem ah , Ezekiel , Daniel an d Malachi ; books that were only written from fou r to g ag/at lz zm d red years p rior to the destru ctio n of Jerusalem an d the temple ; they all refer to the event “ accom an in those n n sa p y g o troubles , yet ever o ce y the time

4 6 B IBL E ESSAYS .

is T he text quoted i n I . Thess . sometimes quoted with 3 d 2 4 th 5 1 st 5 2d 1 5 th the 2 , an d an d verses of the ch apter of

I Co r. i n order to p rove that the secon d coming is still B ut futu re . they overlook th e fact that there is not a word said about any j udgment in eithe r o ne of the texts j ust referred to ; whe reas at th e second coming spoken of in

is l Matt , Mark an d Luke , j udgment distin ct y an d emph atic ally spoke n o f as to take place at such coming ; then may w e n ot say that they do n ot refer to the secon d coming at all . all Should they refer to any coming at , it wo uld be a third coming ; a coming to raise the dead and to spiritualize an d translate the then living . I will n either aflirm n or deny Now n su ch an arrangem ent . at all th ese comi gs it speaks o f sou ndin g the trumpets , with great parade and excitement . No w all this wou l d surely greatly conflict with wh at th e ” “ 1 : - 1 1 d tw o men i n white apparel in Acts 9 sai . Then at “ the time of his ascensio n everything was a s quiet as at th e ” “ ” house of d eath - n ot so much as the ripple of a leaf after Christ had ceased to speak u ntil the two m en i n white n “ in apparel broke th e silence by sayi g , He should retu rn

like man n er as they saw him go u p , etc . — Now if their words prove anything th ey also prove that n on e of the comings with mu ch n oise can be th e seco n d P 1 8 u co m ing . In an swer to II eter to verses , we wo ld “ 3 0 4 1 refer you to Downfall of Jeru salem , pages to

R . i nclusive . ead carefully h ffi Now we com e direct to t e a rmative .

“ R esolv ed , That a secon d coming of Christ has already ” taken place . Being the affirmant it is expected of us to Show that such coming had been looked for an d expected . In proof “ f 9 : 2 8 S 0 thereof we will first o fer Hebrews , which reads ; Christ was once offered to bear the sins of many ; and unto

fo r l S them that look him shal he appear the ECOND time , ” l without sin , u nto salvation . Read the context , and a so 4 BIBL E ESSAYS . 7

“ : the n ext chapter followi ng . The revised version reads So f C hrist also , having been o nce o fered to bear the sins of sin many , shall appear a secon d time , apart from , to ” W them that wait for him , u nto salvation . J . . Han son “ : fo r ren ders it S o also the Christ , having been on ce all f ‘ ’ o fered to bear [the] sin s of the many , shall appear a secon d h w ho time , apart from si n , to t ose are expecti ng him , to ” salvati on .

: “ Rotherham renders the text thus Th us , the Christ ff b also , havi ng on ce for all been o ered for the earing u p of

sin sins of m any , a secon d time , apart from , will appear , to ” those who for him are ardently waiting u n to salvation . You will bear i n min d the fact that this is the only text i n “ the New Testament where the n umeral adj ecti ve seco n d

his . time occu rs i n con n ection with appearing , or comi ng No w we have shown fro m the foregoing text that a N w w as looked o r. e seco n d coming f read II Peter , third chapter an d tenth and twelfth verses , and you will there

w s learn that such a comi ng a expected . After a somewhat care ful study of the text I h ave quoted 9 th in Hebrews , I am strongly incli ned to the opin ion that

on l s Paul felt sure that Christ would reappear , but y to uch as looked fo r such appearing i n man ner and form as that coming w as really to be ; an d n ot su ch a comin g as m any have figured out for th em selves ; that ki nd of a coming may

w as n ever take place . His first coming n ot admitted by th e

. k Jews The coming to them , practically , never too place ; an d w hy ? Simply because it did n ot take place in man n er an d form as they had prefig u red i n their ow n minds ; were bli nded an d could n ot realize the fact , however patent to

. u . many others Thus , I fear it is with you , fut re Adventists W “ ell , Elij ah was to com e before the great an d terrible day of the Lord and Christ assured us that he d id com e ;

see but even the twelve apostles had failed to , or recogniz e 4 8 B IBL E S E SAYS .

? such comi ng ; an d w hy Sim ply because they were looking “ e t u t ff n d G od for som hing q i e di ere t Look out , frien , Let

be . true , but every man a li ar .

No w w e r 9 : 28 have show n from Heb ews , th at a second

d W n o w coming had been looke fo r and expected . e will e ndeavor to Sho w that it must already have taken pl ace ; that u u being my d ty u n der the resol tions . “ Joh n Jesus saith u nto him (Peter) , If I will

' lz ll f eom e ? that he tarry , what is that to thee follow thou R me . evised tr . the same . “ . W . : him J Hanson Jesus said to , If I wish him to ? o u f . continu e till I come , what (is it) to y ollow me “ R : otherham Jesus says to him , If perchance I be h ? wishi ng him to remai n while I am comi ng , w at to thee ” u l $ 1 8 th 1 9 20th Tho be fol owing me Read carefully the , th , and 2 lst verses of said ch apter and th en you will un derstan d wh at drew forth the words recorded i n the 22d verse ; then n o te carefully the 23 d verse and you must admit that the ’ plai n meaning of Ch rist s words was tha t Joh n would live

u ntil he came ; there should be no qu estio n about th at fact .

It were a miserable quibble to attempt to deny it. Learn ed Bible scholars say th at most un doubtedly the secon d com ing

w as i n man n er an d form in which it to take place , occurred h m w t . 0. e . 7 i n , or about year A D John lived so e t enty or

w - fi v t enty e years after that event . That fact no Bible

P all scholar an d historian ever doubted . utting th ese things together it is strange that good an d learned men will persist i n denying it and thus make Jesus stultify himself.

- “ 2 . m an Matt . 1 6 : 2 7 8 For the Son of shall come in the glory of his Father with his angels ; then shall he reward

V s n his k . a every man accordi g to wor s erily , I y u nto you , There be so m e stand ing here which shall n ot taste of death till they see the Son of man coming in his ki ngdom . See

h . 1 9 : 2 . e 9 : . 7 Mark Luke R vised version , muc the same

5 0 BIBLE ESSAYS .

he shall sen d his angels with a great sou n d of a trump et ,

his e f and they sh all g ather togeth er el ct from the ou r wi nds , w from o n e en d of heaven to the other . Ne learn a parabl e o f W u th e fig tree ; hen his bran ch is still ten der . an d p tteth

is l forth leaves , ye kn ow that summer nigh . So i kewise

is , ye , when ye shall see all these things , kn ow that it near “ ev en . T at the doors Verily I say u nto you , his generation

. an d shall n ot pass , till all these things be fulfilled Heaven earth shall pass away , b ut my words shall n ot pass away .

B ut w h m a n of that day and hour kn o et n o , no , n ot the

n a gels of heaven , but my Father only . B ut as the days of

w ere Noe , so shall also the coming of the Son of man b e .

as in For the days th at were before the flood , they were eat

n n . i . m g an d d rinki g , marrying an d giving in arriage , until the day that Noe entered into the ark , An d kn ew n ot u ntil

: the flood came , and took them all away so shall also th e h w coming of the S o n of m an be . T en shall t o be in the

. T w o field ; the on e shall be taken , and the other left w om en s/z a ll oe the S gri ndi ng at the mill ; o ne hall be taken , W h n w an d the other left . atch t erefore ; fo r ye k o n ot what hour you r Lo rd doth come . But know this , that if th e good m an of the house had kn own in what watch the thief h would come , he would ave watch ed , an d would n ot have suffered his house to be broken up . Therefore be ye also

: ready for in such an hou r as ye think n ot , th e So n of

- - 1 . 1 : 28 3 3 1 . 3 . man cometh . See Mark Luke Matt

- 1 6 : 27 2 8 .

1 : 1 . Matt . 7 So all the gen eratio ns from Abraham to David a re fou rteen gen eration s ; and from David until the carrying away into Babylon are fou rteen gen eration s ; and fro m the carrying away in to Babyl on u nto Christ are fourteen gen erations . “ - 1 h W D efi ned 7 t . e Gen eration . i n verse will allow “ n o quibble on the word gen eration . B IB L E ESSAYS . 5 1

Th e darkeni ng of the su n ; the moon refusi ng to give her light ; the stars falling from heaven ; the powers of th e heavens being shaken ; the appearing of the Sign of the So n of man in heaven ; the tribes of all the earth mourning ; th e seeing the Son of man coming i n the clouds of heaven with pow er an d great gl ory ; his sen ding his angels (messengers)

85 0 . with a great soun d of a trumpet , to gather his elect ,

These things were u ndoubtedly synchro nous , with time long si nce past . Please read carefully all the passages i n the B ible “ ” Me w o ld T he en d o r . translated , f >‘ “ l - 2 M atthew 1 8 : 3 6 4 . Then Jesus sent the mu ltitude

his away , an d went i nto the h o use ; an d disciples came unto

u s him , saying , Declare u nto the parable of th e tares of th e

field . He an swered an d said u nto th em , He that soweth the good seed is the So n of m an ; the field is the world ( kosmos) ; the good seed are the children of the kingdom ; but the tares are th e children of the wi cked on e ; the enemy th at sowed them is the devil ; the harvest is the end of the world (aionos) ; an d th e reapers are the angels . As there so l fore the tares are gathered , an d bu rn ed i n the fire ; sha l i n it b e i n the en d of this wo rld (a o os) . The So n of m an l shal sen d forth his angel s , an d they shall gather out of his m ff kingdo all things that o en d , an d them which do i niquity an d sh all cast them i nto a fu rnace of fire ; there shall be ” “ 4 - 5 0 : . 7 wailin g an d gnashing of teeth V erses Agai n , the kingdom of h eaven is like unto a n et that w as cast i nto the sea w as , an d gathered of every kin d ; which , when it full ,

sat they drew to shore , an d down , an d gathered the good h i t e . nto vessels , b ut cast bad away So shall it be at the en d of aion os the the world ( ) angels shall come forth , and sever the the wicked from among j ust , an d shall cast them i nto the ” u f rnace of fire ; there shall be wailing and gnashing of teeth . “ t 24 : 3 . as sat . O M atthew An d h e upo n the Moun of lives ,

‘ “ ” Co ie d rom D o n a of J eru sa em p f w f ll l . 5 2 B IB LE E SSAYS .

the him r t us w /z en disciples came u nto p iva ely , saying , Tell

? shall these thi ngs be ? an d what Sh all be the Sign of thy coming , an d of the en d of the world Matthew “ 2 - 2 An d 8 : 1 8 0. Jesus came , an d spake unto them , sayi ng ,

iven ' u nto all power is g me i n heaven and in earth . Go ye , h therefore , an d teach all nations , baptizing t em i n the n ame of the Father , and of the Son , an d of the Holy Ghost ; teach ing them to observe all things whatsoever I have comman ded

: w you an d lo , I am with you al ay , even unto the en d of the ” W aio n os . m . e world ( ) A en now come to Paul , that n t n lear ed and very zealous apos le , a chose vessel , con verted 1 from Ju daism to Ch ristianity by a direct miracle . Corin

“ Now thian s 1 0 : 1 1 . all these thi ngs (of which he has been speaking) happen ed u nto them for en samples ; an d they thin s ust (the g j m ention ed) are w ritten for ou r admo nitio n , ” of the aio nos a re o H e u pon whom the ends world ( ) c m e. “ f ff brews 9 : 2 6 . For then mu st he (Ch rist) o ten have su ered since the fou nd ation of the world (kosm o u) ; but n ot on ce i n th e en d of the worl d (aion os) hath he appeared to put away si n by the sacrifice of himself.

Thousands , yea , u ndoubtedly million s , have read the texts i n the foregoi ng section , have heard them read an d

fu litera l explain ed , with ll confiden ce i n their teaching the end of the m aterial world or u niverse . B ut we here state most emphatically that such is n ot th e fact . The ph rase ,

S unteleia aion os en d of the world ( tou ) does n ot teach , or t i . n even intima e , any such thing It does n ot occur the

Old Testam ent at all . It o nly occu rs i n three books of the — C in New . Testament , Matth ew , I orinthian s , an d Hebrews

Corinthian s It occu rs in M atthew five times , I and Hebrews , once each . In all only seven tim es .

' a z onos Had our tran slators ren dered the Greek word , ” “ n of “ d id u age i stead world as they generally , it wo ld

: have saved much co nfusion an d misunderstanding . Thu s

The end or consummation of the Mosaic rule , or polity ; the

5 4 B IBL E ESSAYS .

the som e ' of 0 0 Joh n , at head of the tr ps , cut his way through , t a firs i nto the outer court of the temple , fterwards into th e upper city . Some of the p riests upon the roof wrenched off d t the gilde spikes with their sockets of lead , and u sed hem R as missiles against the omans bel ow . Afterwards they fled

of : to a part the wall , about fou rteen feet wide they were tw o soo n summoned to su rren der ; but of th em , Mair , so n of son i Belgo , and Joseph , of Delia , plunged headlong nto the

On page w e have briefly shown the charge or “ command Christ gave his disciples- sayi ng : Verily ye Shall not have gon e over the cities of Israel till the Son of man be come .

Now ? the question under discussion is , did he com e Or did he n ot come ? I aflirm most empha tical ly that he d id m m in come . an d that too i n an ner an d for which he was to come . B ut that comi ng m ay n ot tally with th e words of the ” “ 1 l lw o m en in white apparel i n Acts . As we said ear ier i n

i so n o w —w e l th s discussion , we say wil n ot allow either man or angel to so construe matters that it would make Christ to k stultify himself, or m a e a plain direct false statement ; n o , God forbid that we should consen t to anything so unkind and un reason abl e . i m Can o n Farrar , Ep scopalian , on e of the learn ed i nis

of ters London , Englan d , very graphically sai d

‘ 0 i In . . 7 April , A D , T tus , with a force of eighty

n u th ousa d legionaries and a xiliaries , pitched his camp on

to n rt o f the . an d Scopus , the o h city At last . amid shrieks t flames , and suicide and massacre , the temple was aken an d T h red uced to ashes . e great altar of sacrifice was heaped

s u n n with the slain . Jo eph s recko s the um ber of captives

- v a taken du ring the war at nin ety se en thous nd , an d the n umber of those who perished during the Siege at on e w h millio n on e hu ndred th ousand . The n umber o perish ed

“ ” ‘ i d r m D o n a o f J e rusa e m Cop e f o w f ll l . 5 5 BIB L E ESSAYS . i n the whole war are recko ned at the awful total of on e millio n three hu nd red an d thi rty - seven thousand fou r h un

and dred nin ety , an d the n umber of p rison ers at on e h u nd red and on e thousan d seven hu ndred ; but even these esti m ates do n ot in clude all th e items of many skirmishes an d battles , n or do they take into account the multitudes who , through ‘

of a . out the cou ntry , perished misery , f mi ne , and disease It may well be sai d that the n ation seemed to h ave given ; ’ ‘ T w itself a ren dezvou s of extermin ation . o thou san d putre

‘ fyin g bodies were foun d even in the subterran ean vaults of the city . Du ring th e seige all the trees of the en viron s had

cut been down , and h ence the whole appearan ce of the place ,

n d - so with its charred a blood stain ed rui ns , was completely

w as altered , that o ne who suddenly brought to it would not w w ( e are told) have recognized where h e as. An d yet the site l w its h ad been so apparently impregn ab e , ith massive an d

i he u n equalled fortificat on s , that Titus freely declared that s w V a i n his ictory th e h and of God . From that time al l

e Jews on seein g Jerusalem ren d their garm nts , an d exclaim , ‘ $ e m . Ou r ion is a wilderness , J rusale a desolation holy an d

ou r a beautiful hou se , where f thers praised Thee , is bu rn ed ll ” a a . with fire , an d ou r pleasant things are laid w ste “ f —‘ It was to this event , the most aw ul i n history on e ’ l in of the most awfu eras God s economy of grace , and the

’ m ost awful revolutio n i n all God 8 religious dispensation s

’ that we m ust apply the se prophecies of Christ s coming i n which every on e of the apostles an d evangelists describe it d f as n ear at han . To those p roph ecies our Lord hi m sel l — fixed these th ree most defin ite imitations , the one , th at before that gen eration passed away all these thin gs would be h n S fulfilled ; anot er , that some standi g there hould n ot taste death till they saw the Son of man coming in his kingdom ;

S h n ot the third , that the apostles ould have gon e over the t ci ies of Israel till the Son of man be come . It is strange that these disti nct limitations Sh ould n ot be regard ed as a 5 6 BIBL E ESSAYS .

a r w as decisive proof th t the Fall of Je usalem , i n the fullest sense , the secon d advent of the Son of man , which was p ri m arily contemplated by the earliest voices of Some re ferences u sed as collateral proof texts : Jam es

- - - 5 : 7 8 . 1 0: 2 5 2 1 : 4 3 7 2 . : 2 5 1 ; Heb ; Thess ; I Thess . ;

- . 1 : 3 6 : 1 2 1 22 : 1 2 0 . 22 : 2 Rev ; Rev 7 ; Rev . 7 ; Rev . ;

3 : 3 - 1 5 4 : - II Peter ; I Peter 1 7 1 8 . For comments o n the last “ ” tw o u 3 0 o 4 1 passages , see Down fall of Jer salem , pages t i n clusive .

r . Part of the te nth chapter of Matt . See the 23 d ve se “ But beware of m en : fo r they will deliver you up to th e

in . cou ncils , an d they will scou rge you th eir syn agogues An d ye Shall be brought before govern ors an d kings for my

the . sake , for a testimony again st them an d Gentiles But

n how whe they deliver you u p , take n o thought or wh at y e h shall speak , for it shall be given you i n t at same hou r wh at

S . ye hall speak For it is n ot ye that speak , but the Spirit of

k in l you r Fath er which spea eth you . And the broth er sha l

r : delive u p the brother to death , and the fath er the child an d

' the l n l u t/z ez r chi dre sh al rise p again st parents , an d cause

e m en them to be put to death . And ye Shall h hated of all ’ for my name s sake : but he th at end ureth to th e en d shal l

2 . n be saved . V erse 3 But whe th ey persecute yo u i n this

: sa city , flee ye i nto an other for verily I y u nto you , Ye shall not h ave go ne over the cities of Israel till the Son of man be ” come . I rest o n this . Now Jesus had j us t given his disciples a comman d to — d go and preach telli ng them of the m any angers , trouble s and trials through which they would h a ve to pass ; but to cheer up and en cou rage them i n th eir ard uous un dertaking , he assu red them that ere long h e would surely be with them to help . In con clu sio n I wish to say that we shall n ot introduce

new l aim any more texts , but shal to confin e ourselves to a

$ r D ow n fall of J e usal em .

5 8 BIB L E S Y E SA S .

w as w as W believed that he the Christ that to com e . hen he came the second time , very many refuse to believe ; wel l “ w e ff- W are still a sti n ecked people hen Elij ah came , even ’ Christ s chosen apostles had not discerned the fact ; yet

Christ assured them that he had com e . So it is not stran ge at all that there are many u nbelievers i n the fact that his secon d coming took place over eighteen h undred years sin ce . Pardon th e length of this . “ - 2 8 . Heb . For then must h e (Christ) often have ff kosm os su ered sin ce the fou n datio n of th e world ( , the earth) ;

n ow a ionon but on ce i n the en d of the world ( , age) h ath he the i he appeared to put away Sin , by sacrifice of h mself.

t/z e m en And as it is appoi nted u nto men ( ) o nce to die , but

m trisis or after this the j udg ent ( , j u dgment decision) ; so Christ w as o nce oflered to bear the sin s of m any ; an d u nto them that look for him shall he appear the secon d tim e ” ° without si n (sin of ering ) u nto salvatio n . See Exodus 2 8

- - 29 3 0 3 0 : 1 1 0 . 7 : 8 9 . , , Numb In reference to the foregoing texts o n the seco nd coming “ l : of Christ , the Rev . E . E . Gui d wrote thus By a careful t perusal of the above texts , it will be seen tha they n ot only

t/z e com in teach g of Christ , but th at they speak of him as

ex ressl a nd d esi ned l e ex ecut coming , p y g y , for the p urpos of h ing j ustice and j udgment in the eart . And. by compari ng the texts o n the coming of Christ with those which teach th e j udgment and en d of the wo rld , (age) it will be readily n ack owledged that they all stan d immediately con n ected , an d all teach the same thing . The same is equally true of “ ” “ those texts which speak of the phrases , that day , last ” “ ” “ ” “ ” “ ” day , last days , last time , last times , great day , “ ” “ ” “ day of wrath , day of the Lord , day of the Lord Jesus , W the etc . hen ever an d wherever coming of Christ is in m mentioned those Scriptures , that coming is i mediately n h con ected with j udgment , whic is to be executed in acco rd ance with the w orks of the creature . Let it be disti nctly BIBL E ESSAYS . 5 9

u remembered that those Script res which teach the j udgment ,

Of Of the en d the world , or age , an d the secon d coming

n Christ , all stan d co n ected , an d allude to the same time an d

all Of h h thi ngs ; w ic are to take place o n the earth , during

Of men the lifetime , an d i n strict accordan ce with their merit

. W e . . an d demerit will also state that Dr Macknight , D r

W . . arburton , Bishop Newton , D r A Clarke an d most others w ho have written o n this subj ect , are u n animous in the Opi nion that what is strictly termed the secon d com ing of

Christ is a figu rative coming , namely , i n spirit or power ;

Of l an d that this took place at the destructio n Jerusa em , th e abolition Of the Jewish dispensatio n, and the establishment

(more fully) Of the kingdom Of heaven i n the earth . That

- this Opi nion is correct , we think n o well i nformed min d will

im e . secon d t dispute The wo rds , i n relation to this subj ect ,

in New occur in no other passage the Testam ent , exceptin g

and ffi n -to Heb . which are su cie t fix the period , as

r . above stated , beyon d a ation al doubt

- : 24 2 . 9 : . Heb . 9 8 . Remarks on Heb by Dr J . n W . Han so This language is usu ally misstated in this Shap e “ n It is appoi ted u nto all men on ce to die , and after death th e ” Of see j udgment . But the reader the con text will that the

w as Of Of author n ot speaking the physical death mankin d ,

Of h Of but the sacrificial deat the high p riest , an d was

Of O f contrasting with the death Christ , th e ceremonial death

Of the the Aaron ic priesthood . Th e language ori g inal show s this more clearly th an does the langu age Of ou r versio n . I n

tois the Greek , the definite article (the or those) , precedes th e “ m en an thro ois word tran slated ( p ) , an d thus it reads , it is ” W ? appoi nted u nto th e (o r those) men to die . hat men

: T he context shows The Jewish high priests . The plai n

: statement is As the high priests , the antitypes , died a u S see . fig rative death , an n ually ( Exod O Christ ’ ff r was O e ed on ce for all i n th e Sin ner s behalf. The ordinary “ ” ” reference to th e dying Of all men leaves th e as an d “ so 60 BIBL E ESSAYS .

n s without meaning or applicatio n . But wh e we ee that the apostle w as showing the superiority Of the mission of Christ h over the an n ual sacrifices of the Jewis high priest , the “ ” meaning becomes plain . He employed the men as types

fi of the superior sacri ce of Christ . The re ader can n o t fail to “ w h see that it is n ot mankind , but certain men ( the m en o all the w ay through this chapter an d the n ext are compared h . are to C rist , who are said o n ce to die These men the

Of law priests , or the su ccessors the high priests u n der the . T hey died , figuratively , on ce a year , o n the great day of

ff f - O 1 . atonement i n the O ering sacrifices . Exodus 0 r l Havi ng performed this ite , the high priest entered the Ho y

Of Of m Holies , an d pro noun ced the senten ce absolution fro

E 2 5 : 2 0. . : . the mercy seat . xodus Numb 7 8 9 The priests represent Christ an d their death illustrates and p refig ures ’ the death Of Ch rist ; but man s death an d an after death

j udgment bear n o relation to the death of Christ . The common u se of this text is but little less than an outrage On

the sense of the apostle . No on e can carefully read this an d the following chapter and fail to see that the language is exclusively appli cable to the Jewish high priests and th e death of Christ an d has n o reference to an after death

j udgment . “ - 1 3 : II Peter . Exposition by Hammond The Of 1 0 1 2 destructio n Ju dea is here , verse an d , described by dissolution or consumption by fire ; and so Isaiah

- 4 1 2 - 66 : 1 5 1 6 . : 3 3 0 ; Mal , an d Joel , where that destruction

so 1 8 in a m in re takin v en ean ce is described ; II Thess . , fl g fi g g ;

1 0 : 2 7 a burn in o re to con sum e obd ur so . Heb . g ffi all that ately stan d out agai nst C hrist ; an d that belonging to this l 2 5 v 3 7 . atter also , as will appear by comparing verse and erse

W hat is here thus expressed by St . Peter is o rdinarily c o nceived to belong to the en d of the world an d the begin ning

Of m illen n ium t/z ousand ears as . P the or y , an d so , St eter here ’

1 6 . saith , verse , many places i n St Paul s epistles , and i n the

62 BIBLE ESSAYS .

n u will reig u ntil he has s bdu ed , or recon ciled all things unto t God ; when that shall have b een accomplished , and dea h , the last enemy , destroyed , then , but not till then , will he “ ” o ll a . deliver up the ki ngd m to God , that God may be all i n

See 1 5th chapter of I . Corinthian s .

Now Of , dear reader , in conclusion , i n view the sacred p romise Of “ The restitutio n of all things (intelligen t creatures) spoken of by th e mouth of all G od ’ s holy p rophets sin ce the w e world began ; may n ot pray an d hope that all , both Jew t and Gentile , will eventually be imbued with the faith , th a

God , who is rich i n mercy , who turn eth the hearts of the children of men as the rivers of water are turned , who

worketh all thi ngs after the counsel of his own will , whose

a l people sh ll be wi ling in the day of his power , will , i n the

Of dispensatio n the fulln ess of times , gather together i n on e ll a thi ngs , i n Christ , both which are i n heaven , an d which and are o n earth , even i n him ; that every (intelligent) a creature i n heaven , an d on th e e rth , an d u n der the earth ,

sea ll an d such as are i n the , an d a that are in them , shall at

Of last u nite in the song Moses an d the lamb , saying ,

“ he Blessing and hon or , and glory , an d p ower u nto Him that

sitteth upon the thron e , an d unto the lamb forever an d ever . ” : 1 1 0 : 3 1 9 1 1 : 4 P . . 1 . S Am en . See Eph , an d ; Prov ;

1 5 24 - 2 8 . Rev . Acts