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25 years of privatisation in Indian Television industry

Television was started by UNESCO in 1959 for educating the illiterate Indian masses. Later on it went on to become a monopoly of the government-owned DoorDarshan till 1991 with the advent of Star Network, ZEE TV, CNN etc.…

2016 is celebrated for 25 years of privatisation in the Indian Television industry.

My first eBook discussed about the 25 year journey of private/foreign players on Indian soil. Table of Contents Preface ------03 Liberation of Indian Economy ------05 How did it start ------06 The rise of Indian channels ------07 Indian TV b/w 1990 and 2000 ------09 Then came 2000 – the new millennium that changed everything ------11 From 2000 to 2008 ------12 2008 and beyond ------15 Second GEC ------20 Down South ------22 Milestone shows on Indian Television ------24 References (Websites) ------51 References (Images) ------54

SHASHANK KAMATH 3 Preface

This eBook was on cards since I launched my blog https://awordtotheworld.com in February 2016. Almost 75% of the work on the book was done in the month of May but was waiting for the right time to publish the book on my blog (i.e. 25+ posts on the platform) which I achieved last week (29th August 2016).

This book is the journey of Indian Television in 25 years since liberation was done in the Indian economy in 1991 to 800+ private channels in in 2016

Date: 08 Sept 2016

SHASHANK KAMATH 4 Liberalisation of Indian economy, 1991 India was in deep trouble in 1991. After the assassination of Our Honourable Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi in May 1991, we were asked to deposit gold with the IMF for a loan which was physically carried to the IMF offices through aircraft in June 1991. We had lost economic credibility in the world and P V Narasimha Rao assumed office after Rajiv Gandhi in 1991.

The then Finance Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh to bring back the country on track liberated the economy by various measures like 5 kg of gold was allowed to be imported without duty, 15% interest rate on deposits for NRIs, etc.…

Among all these was allowing 51% FDI in the television industry, making way for new transnational networks like Star (News Corp) and CNN to invest in India challenging the likes of government-owned DoorDarshan.

SHASHANK KAMATH 5 How did this start….

Cable News Network (abbreviated as CNN) started telecast of the Gulf War in February, 1991 in India. The urban elite went on running to get dishes to catch signals of the reporting done by CNN.

A Hong Kong based STAR (Satellite Television Asian Region) network started relaying signals from Asiasat1 satellite in India with five channels, namely Plus (Star Plus), Prime Sports (Star Sports), Movies (Star Movies), BBC and MTV (tie up with Viacom) along with the feed of STAR Chinese Channel.

Initially STAR had intentions of only in China (but later burnt their hands in China) as they felt there wasn’t money in India. Rupert Murdoch purchased a major stake in the STAR Network in 1993.

SHASHANK KAMATH 6 The rise of Indian channels

ZEE TV was launched on October 2, 1992 which became India’s first private TV channel actually started its journey on 14 December 1991 by leasing the transponder on the AsiaSat1 satellite for $5 million (today’s 26 ) which was around four times higher than the usual price of $1.2 million. Optimistic Subhas Chandra broke-even with the channel’s operations within a year.

Sun TV rose in owned by Kalanithi Maran (the grand nephew of DMK chief M Karunanidhi on April 14, 1993. The channel is currently the most watched channel Indian television across all genres in 2016 and Star Plus is a distant second to it. It then went on to launch channels in different southern languages and also acquired Gemini TV (Telugu) in 1998.

Raj TV was launched on 14th October, 1994 catering Tamil population like Sun TV.

SHASHANK KAMATH 7 The rise of Indian channels (cont….)

Eenadu newspaper based in launched Eenadu TV on 27th August 1995 in Telugu. The network later expanded its portfolio in other southern languages later got acquired by Network 18 controlled by India’s richest man Ambani.

Asianet Communications came up with the first private- channel under the parent name on 30th October 1993 by using a Russian satellite.

Japan’s Sony owned (60%) Sony Pictures Network launched their flagship channel Sony Entertainment Television in October 1995 marking the entry of another prominent transnational player in India.

Many other channels like Discovery, National Geographic, Nickelodeon, Cartoon Network, Disney, etc… made foray in Indian television in the late 1990s.

SHASHANK KAMATH 8 Indian TV b/w 1990 and 2000

ZEE TV was launched in 1992 and became a favourite channel by the urban masses with months of its launch. With interactive reality shows and new-age soaps, ZEE TV took no time to get to the Numero UNO position.

In 1993 Star came to India with regained energy with News Corp exercising more control over the network’s Asian operations. It underwent a pact with ZEE TV that Star Plus would do with English content and ZEE TV would do the programming, both would promote each other’s programs but not enter each other’s domain.

Later on Star Plus broke the pact, and by 1997 it became an 100% Hindi channel. Despite that Star Plus was a distant third in the market with 3% market share way behind Sony (11%) and ZEE (12%)

SHASHANK KAMATH 9 Indian TV b/w 1990 and 2000(cont…)

Sony Entertainment Television quickly adapted to Hindi programming and went on to become an upmarket urban-oriented channel in the late 1990s.

Star Plus reported losses till 1999 making the media mogul Rupert Murdoch to re-think about his network’s operations in India. It was in talks to sell the network to ZEE but the deal couldn’t be snapped

ZEE lost its Numero UNO position to Sony TV in early 2000, while Star Plus was re-thinking its strategy by changing the core- TG from class to the masses.

SHASHANK KAMATH 10 Then came 2000 – the new millennium that changed everything

This year turned out to be fruitful for Star Plus which pushed it to number one position in Hindi GEC space, which it still continues to hold.

Kaun Banega Crorepati was launched by Star Plus on July 3, 2000 as the official adaptation of “Who wants to be a Millionaire” in India with Superstar as the host of the show.

Balaji Telefilms launched Kyunki Saas Bhi Kabhi Bahu Thi on Star Plus which grabbed the time-slot after KBC on the channel launched on the same date.

Despite criticism of KBC being a weekday reality show, the channel in no-time became the number one channel in Indian Television history.

SHASHANK KAMATH 11 From 2000 to 2008

Sahara One was launched by Sahara India Parivar controlled by Subrato Roy. It went on to become a popular channel in the Hindi GEC space in the 2000s, but lost prominence to new channels like SAB TV, Star One and Colors.

SAB TV was launched by Sri Adhikari Brothers in 2000 as a comedy channel with popular shows like Office Office and Yes Boss, the channel got stable viewership. It sold its GEC to Sony Pictures Network in 2005.

Star One was launched as an upmarket urban channel by in 2004. Came with a promise of delivering season-based shows, got huge success with the launch of Sarabhai V/s Sarabhai, Instant , Special Squad, The Great Indian Laughter Challenge, etc…

SHASHANK KAMATH 12 From 2000 to 2008(cont…)

Star Plus, ZEE TV and Sony Entertainment Television also did their part to remain prominent players during this period.

While Star Plus was riding on the success of KBC, Kyunki Saas Bhi Kabhi Bahu Thi, Kasautii Zindagi Kay, etc… ZEE had a troubled time in between.

ZEE TV reacted to KBC launch by launching home-grown Sawaal Dus Ka and Kam Ya Zyaada, both of which failed miserably. Due to lack of research on what the Indian consumers want, ZEE faced the brunt.

They went on launching daily soaps until they got success with Saat Phere in 2005 followed by in 2006 by which ZEE scripted its own success story without foreign adapted reality shows and only home-grown shows like and Antakshari backed with daily soaps

SHASHANK KAMATH 13 From 2000 to 2008(cont…)

Sony TV also reacted to KBC by launching Jeeto Chappar Phhad Ke in 2001 hosted by star , which didn’t bring much success to the channel like KBC did for Sony.

They went on to launch in 2001 and Jassi Jaisi Koi Nahi (adaptation of Ugly Betty) in 2003 which turned out to become a huge success for the channel.

But when these two shows went off air in 2005 and 2006 respectively, Sony was in trouble. Bad GRPs and no match to the tier-I channels like Star Plus and ZEE TV, CID came to the rescue to the channel. From 2006 to 2008 CID proved to the bread and butter for the channel, ran for very long hours on the channel helped it sail down the troubled phase.

SHASHANK KAMATH 14 2008 and beyond

This year like 1992 and 2000 marked the turning point in Indian television history.

NDTV Imagine was launched by the NDTV group on January 21, 2008 headed by Sameer Nair, who had helped Star Plus to get the Numero UNO position in 2000 with KBC and Kyunki. Launched with much fanfare with shows hosted by and , it quickly got to number four position in 2008. Went through troubled times later as it quickly lost 200 GRPs mark to 60 to 70 GRPs as the later shows couldn’t keep the momentum of the reality shows on the channel.

The final nail in the coffin was the failure of Rs.50 crore reality show ‘Zor Ka Jatka’ hosted by Shahrukh Khan thereby Imagine shutting shop in 2012.

9X and Real TV also faced the same fate resulting in the closure of these channels too like Imagine TV.

SHASHANK KAMATH 15 2008 and beyond (cont…)

Viacom 18 launched their first Hindi GEC channel under the brand name Colors TV on July 21, 2008 with much fanfare and strong programming line-up. They got big- ticket shows like Khatron Ke Khiladi (adapted from the foreign show “Fear Factor”) and (adapted from the foreign show “”). They got initial traction for the channel which was complemented with child- marriage based show and freedom spirited Mohe Rang De. Balika Vadhu pushed the channel from No.4 to No.2 position in the coming years. It left behind both ZEE TV and Sony TV and has challenged the market leader Star Plus for the top position.

Sony TV’s dependency on CID came to an end in 2008 with the launch of 10 Ka Dum with as the host for the game show. It pushed the channel to number three position in 2008-09.

SHASHANK KAMATH 16 2008 and beyond (cont…)

Sony Entertainment Television launched KBC 4 in 2010 with host as Amitabh Bachchan. This show ran for subsequent years on the channel till 2014. It was complemented with Bade Acche Lagte Hain, Kya Hua Tera Vaada, Saas Bina Sasural and Crime Patrol Dastak helping the channel reach its zenith at No.2 position in 2011-12 just behind market leader Star Plus.

ZEE TV continued with its home-grown TV soaps and reality shows and regularly re-invented its music property Sa Re Ga Ma Pa and started in 2009 too. The most profitable channel in India (entertainment only) has worked out its own way to combat the likes of foreign adapted reality shows.

Star Plus got a new CEO (Uday Shankar) after Peter Mukherjea and Sameer Nair on October 2007. The channel was riding on the success of KBC and Balaji serials like Kyunki, Kasautii, etc…

SHASHANK KAMATH 17 2008 and beyond (cont…)

The channel was doing extremely well, but lacked innovation. With new channels to enter in 2008, Uday Shankar decided to pull the plug on Balaji serials. He went on to severe ties with Balaji Telefilms and got into new innovative shows to stay relevant in the market. He also put a brake to KBC which was later moved to Sony TV. This move of the channel made it to stay relevant and number one when new players were still in nascent stage.

SAB TV, the comedy centric channel was acquired by SPN in 2005. They tried to position it as a youth-centric channel, but nothing worked for the channel. Come July 28, 2008, the channel got back to its roots (comedy- centric channel) they launched Taarak Mehta Kaa Ooltah Chashmah which propelled the channel from a flanking GEC to the likes of competing with the market leaders like Colors, Star Plus, ZEE TV and its parent’s flagship SET India. It has the best ROI in the industry with only 17-20 hours of original programming and no big-ticket reality shows unlike other channels.

SHASHANK KAMATH 18 2008 and beyond(cont…)

Life OK is the second GEC from Star India which came into existence by replacing Star One in 2011. Star One faced losses as it couldn’t keep the momentum of its previous successful shows. Life OK came with Devon Ke Dev Mahadev and Savdhaan India, which helped the channel get stable numbers and became a mainstream GEC within one and half years of its launch.

&TV is the third attempt by ZEE Entertainment to launch a second GEC in which they became successful. After El TV in 1994 and Zee Next in 2007, &TV struck the chord with The Voice India, India Poochega Sabse Shaana Kaun, So Now You Think You Can Dance(all foreign adaptations unlike in the flagship which runs home-grown shows) with shows like Gangaa (a inspiring story of a child widow) and Razia Sultan(the only women emperor of India), it has garnered stable ratings. It debuted with 90 GRPs making it the best debutante channel in Indian television history.

SHASHANK KAMATH 19 Second GEC Major broadcasters are launching another mainstream GEC competes with the network’s flagship to get better reach, cover all segments of audiences and get the best advertising and subscription deals. With good distribution networks these networks are trying to make it a reality.

Some notable ones that failed

EL TV was launched by ZEE TV in 1994 was the first network to launch a second GEC in India. It failed to garner good audiences so the network converted the channel to become a 24-hour Hindi news channel .

Star One was launched by Star India as an upmarket urban channel in 2004 with good seasonal content like Sarabhai V/s Sarabhai, Special Squad, , The Great Indian Laughter Challenge, etc… and ran for 7 years until it shut down in 2011.

SHASHANK KAMATH 20 Second GEC

Zee Next was launched as a youth channel in 2007 was shut down within months of its launch

Sony Pal was launched as the third GEC by Sony Pictures Network to complement to the network’s flagship SET India and Sony SAB. Launched in 2014 with a core TG is women audiences as SET India and Sony SAB were with core TG is urban and family audiences respectively.

Despite the efforts, the channel couldn’t garner enough ratings to become profitable, thereby channel pulled the plug in 2015 making it a Free to Air channel running old successful shows from SET India and Sony SAB. It is now competing with the FTA players like Star Utsav and Zee Anmol and they are present on DD FreeDish run by the government-owned broadcaster DoorDarshan.

SHASHANK KAMATH 21 Down South

Sun TV had the first mover advantage in South India. Launched in 1993, they subsequently launched and acquired channels in different south Indian languages. They were the industry leaders in all four South Indian languages until major broadcasters like ZEE, Star India and entered the space.

ZEE TV went on to launch ZEE , and . It is yet to enter the Malayalam space. Despite various players in the south Indian TV space, it has carved a niche for itself in each language-based GEC space.

Star India adopted a different strategy. It acquired stake in Asianet 2008; it upped its stake to 100% in 2013. By this acquisition, the network got access to Asianet’s Malayalam and Kannada channel assets. In 2016 Star India changed the channel’s name from Suvarna to in the Kannada GEC space.

SHASHANK KAMATH 22 Down South

Star India acquired Vijay TV, a prominent player in Tamil GEC space in 2001 and renamed it as is competing with the likes of Sun TV and Zee Tamil.

Star India in 2015 acquired MAA TV from the Ramoji group for Rs. 2500 crore to get access to the Telugu channels run by MAA TV. With this acquisition, Star India has made its presence felt in the entire nation.

Network 18 acquired ETV channel bouquet with its presence in Telugu, Kannada, Gujarati, Marathi, Odia , etc… in 2013. This acquisition made Viacom18’s entry in south Indian languages. In 2015 Viacom18 rebranded the channels to , Colors Gujarati, etc… making Colors intentions clear to become a leading broadcaster in India. Colors Kannada has been ruling the Kannada GEC space for a while, making Viacom18 to launch a second Kannada GEC under the brand name .

SHASHANK KAMATH 23 Milestone shows on Indian Television

There have been various shows that Indian Television has witnessed. But some shows have done wonders for the networks.

Following are the shows which you may have liked, thereby proving very beneficial for the broadcasters too.

SHASHANK KAMATH 24 Milestone shows on Indian Television (cont…)

DoorDarshan’s last hit after arrival of transnational and domestic players in Indian TV industry ---- Shanti

The story of a woman who fights for the rights of her mother who was raped by two businessmen. Ran for over 800 episodes successfully.

SHASHANK KAMATH 25 Milestone shows on Indian Television (cont…)

ZEE TV’s Antakshari was the innovative Indian music show, which ran for 15 seasons from 1993 to 2007 hosted by .

This show made ZEE TV an instant phenomena over the DD’s educational based shows.

SHASHANK KAMATH 26 Milestone shows on Indian Television (cont…)

Amanat was a ZEE’s most popular show, well received by audiences and got ZEE the necessary lead in 1997 after Star Plus and Sony started Hindi programming in India

It is a story about a traditional man with strong beliefs and his seven daughters who think in seven different ways.

SHASHANK KAMATH 27 Milestone shows on Indian Television (cont…)

Ek Mahal Ho Sapno Ka was the first Indian Television serial to complete 1000 episodes aired on Sony TV. It is said that it had a TRPs competitive to ran for 3 years since 1999.

It is a story of a Gujarati businessman who strives to keep his 4 sons united in the family.

SHASHANK KAMATH 28 Milestone shows on Indian Television (cont…)

Kaun Banega Crorepati was launched by Star India in 2000 was an instant phenomenal pushing the channel to Numero UNO position with the host as Amitabh Bachchan.

Indian Adaptation of the show “Who wants to be a Millionaire” ran for eight seasons on Star Plus(1-3) and Sony TV (4-8) and has done wonders for Sony TV too by making it No.2 channel in 2011 SHASHANK KAMATH 29 Milestone shows on Indian Television (cont…)

Kyunki Saas Bhi Kabhi Bahu Thi was the Indian soap opera, which clocked the highest TRPs even during its closure in 2008. It is a story of ideal daughter-in-law’s life in a joint family.

Viewers took up a protest to get back Tulsi’s husband Mihir Virani who was shown dead on the show. The creators of the show reacted positively to the demands, making it the most watched show in the new millennium with an average TRP of 23 in 2001.

SHASHANK KAMATH 30 Milestone shows on Indian Television (cont…)

Indian Idol was launched by Sony Entertainment Television in 2004 was an adaptation of the British Show Pop Idol.

It did wonders for the channel and it had launched juniors and seniors’ version of the show in its 8 season run (6 seniors and 2 juniors)

SHASHANK KAMATH 31 Milestone shows on Indian Television (cont…)

Bade Acche Lagte Hain premiered on Sony TV in 2011 became the most successful show on SET India pushing the channel to the Number 2 position in GEC rankings.

The viewers came to the channel due to KBC were glued to the channel due to this show. A mature love story of a businessman and a middle class girl under various circumstances.

SHASHANK KAMATH 32 Milestone shows on Indian Television (cont…)

Office Office premiered on SAB TV in 2001 with Mussandilal (Pankaj Kapoor – ’s father) being the main protagonist of the show.

This show along with Yes Boss made the channel India’s first comedy centric channel in 2001 when it was owned by Sri Adhikari Brothers.

SHASHANK KAMATH 33 Milestone shows on Indian Television (cont…) Sarabhai V/s Sarabhai premiered on Star One in 2004 was the first Indian show to be loved by audiences so much that it enjoyed re-runs on Star One even during prime time (9:30pm in 2007).

Ran for 70 episodes, the story of a dysfunctional industrious family the channel got the required traction when it debuted in 2004, making the channel successfully.

SHASHANK KAMATH 34 Milestone shows on Indian Television (cont…)

Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah premiered on SAB TV in 2008 to push the channel to become a mainstream GEC from a flanking channel under SPN. It is one of the most watched show on Indian Television.

The story of a co-operative society in , which deals with real life issues continues to entertain the audiences in the ninth year too.

SHASHANK KAMATH 35 Milestone shows on Indian Television (cont…)

CID – Crime Investigation Department premiered on Sony TV in 1998 is a detective show which is the longest running show on Indian television. A team of elite officers led by ACP fights against crime and justice for the innocent.

It has helped Sony TV to sail in difficult times when no other show was successful on the channel in its 20 year stint.

SHASHANK KAMATH 36 Milestone shows in Indian Television (cont…)

Khatron Ke Khiladi is the Indian adaptation of Fear Factor premiered on the debutante Colors TV in 2008 with as the host.

Being the reigning king of Bollywood at that time, this proved beneficiary for the channel to get viewership for the channel which was followed by Balika Vadhu and Mohe Rang De keeping viewers glued to the channel.

SHASHANK KAMATH 37 Milestone shows on Indian Television (cont…)

Balika Vadhu premiered on Colors TV during its debut in the industry in 2008 turned out to be a successful show for the new channel. As the big ticket show Khatron Ke Khiladi got initial traction for the channel, this show kept the viewers glued to the channel.

Based on child marriage in Rajasthan ran successfully for eight years completing its run in 2016

SHASHANK KAMATH 38 Milestone shows on Indian Television (cont…)

Kismat premiered on Sony TV in 2011 was produced by YRF Telefilms is a story of two men born on the same date (15th August 1947) but with different destinies. Adapted from Jeffrey Archer’s novel Kane and Abel, it was known for its unique screenplay.

The 64 episodic show was followed by Bade Acche Lagte Hain along with KBC pushing the channel to number 2 position in 2011.

SHASHANK KAMATH 39 Milestone shows on Indian Television (cont…)

24 is the Indian adaptation of the show with the same name. The plot is about an Anti Terrorist Unit Chief 24 hours to save the nation. Each hour is shown as an episode and ran for 12 weeks on Colors TV in 2013 and Season 2 in 2016.

This show broke the stereo-typism that had gripped the TV industry and reduced the gap b/w TV and film actors with famous stars like , Shabana Azmi, etc… have featured 24 SHASHANK KAMATH 40 Milestone shows on Indian Television (cont…)

Powder is the story of a team of elite officers of the Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB) who fight against the Mumbai kingpin Naved Ansari to bring down his drug empire.

Produced by YRF telefilms for Sony TV, it ran for only one season despite positive reviews.

SHASHANK KAMATH 41 Milestone shows on Indian Television (cont…) Yudh is a psychological thriller series of a construction conglomerate magnate who fights to set up a mining business and an incurable disease – Huntington’s disease.

It featured Bollywood superstar Amitabh Bachchan which replaced Sony TV’s popular Bade Acche Lagte Hain didn’t bring much success as expected. The channel expected Yudh to improve the ratings of the channel; despite AB and production cost of Rs.3 crore per episode, it proved to be a loss-venture for Sony TV SHASHANK KAMATH 42 Milestone shows on Indian Television (cont…)

Swayamvar is the Indian Television reality show that premiered on NDTV Imagine in 2009. Ran for 3 seasons, concluded in 2011.

Rakhi Sawant featured season 1 in which she selected after various rounds of the contest selected one winner to be her groom. Unique concept pushed the channel among the industry toppers Sony TV, Star Plus and ZEE TV in a short time.

SHASHANK KAMATH 43 Milestone shows on Indian Television (cont…)

Naagin was a supernatural show produced by Balaji Telefilms is about Shivanya who is an ‘icchadhari’ serpent who wants to take revenge of the murder of her parents but marries to one of the murderers’ son Ritvik

This clocked one of the most ratings on the BARC weekly ratings from the start till the concluding episode, expected to come for the second season. Due to immense popularity, it has been adapted in different Indian languages too. SHASHANK KAMATH 44 Milestone shows on Indian Television (cont…)

Satyamev Jayate is the television talk show premiered on Star Plus and DD National hosted by Bollywood star speaks about sensitive social issues and tries to bring about constructive solutions to it.

It clocked one of the highest TRPs in the TAM ratings for the Sunday 11 am instead of 9 pm Sunday prime time slot which was untried after Ramayana and Mahabharata on DD National in the late 1980s and turned out to be successful for Star Plus.

SHASHANK KAMATH 45

Milestone shows on Indian Television (cont…)

Just Dance is the reality show judged by Bollywood heart-rob Hrithik Roshan on Star Plus in 2011. This show clocked one of the highest viewers for a dance show on Indian TV with 97 million viewers for the finale.

With Hrithik Roshan riding on the success of Jodhaa Akbar and ZNMD with supernatural Krrish, he had generated a huge fan following and the hype for the show proved beneficial for the channel to maintain lead against ZEE TV and Colors in 2011 SHASHANK KAMATH 46 Milestone shows on Indian Television (cont…) The Great Indian Laughter Challenge is the most successful stand-up comedy show on Indian Television premiered on Star One. It also brought some innovative stand-up comedians like and Raju Srivastava. This show pushed Star One to success with two years of its debut ran for four seasons.

Kapil Sharma went on to win the 4th Season of the show. He then went on to produce and which became the most successful stand-up comedy shows in India with many celebs like Amitabh Bachchan, appearing on the show(CNWK and TKSS)

SHASHANK KAMATH 47 Milestone shows on Indian Television (cont…)

The Voice India is the Indian Adaptation of the foreign show of the same name premiered on &TV. &TV was launched by ZEE in 2015 with shows like India Poochega Sabse Shaana Kaun, Gangaa and Razia Sultan which gave this show the necessary coverage for its success.

The contestants are judged by a blind audition who then pass through the Battle round and Live Show to become The Voice of India.

SHASHANK KAMATH 48 Milestone shows on Indian Television (cont…)

There are many other shows like: Jassi Jaisi Koi Nahi --- Adapted from “Ugly Betty” Saat Phere --- ZEE success after KBC on Star --- Latest hit by ZEE So Now You Think You Can Dance Comedy Nights With Kapil and The Kapil Sharma Show --- Most successful stand-up comedy shows.

Rakhi Ka Swayamwar --- NDTV Imagine successful reality show for 3 seasons

Sa Re Ga Ma Pa --- Home-grown show successful in various Indian languages. Zor Ka Jatka --- Imagine’s last bet to stay relevant in Hindi GEC etc… But if I go to name all of them, then this eBook will never come to end. 25 years is a quarter century and naming all of them is impossible.

SHASHANK KAMATH 49 Thank You

I thank all my readers for downloading my first eBook and in return you have motivated me to work better towards serving you better. Thank You very much

SHASHANK KAMATH 50 References(Websites and Books) I have referred many documents, but these are relevant ones http://www.huffingtonpost.in/open-magazine/how-a-newspaper- reporter-from-bihar-rose-to-run--biggest/ Published on: 3 Jan 2015 Last Accessed: 02 Sept 2016 http://www.rediff.com/money/special/spec/20061226.htm Published on: 26 Dec 2006 Last Accessed: 02 Sept 2016 http://www.indiantelevision.com/television/tv-channels/gecs/sony- turns-20-in-india-retrospect-prospect-151012 Published on: 12 Oct 2015 Last Accessed: 02 Sept 2016 http://library.imtdubai.ac.ae/.../TV%20Channels%20in%20India%20- Strategic%20Growth% TV Channels in India [MS Word document] https://en.wikipedia.org http://www.icmrindia.org/free%20resources/casestudies/zee- sawaaldus-Business%20Strategy.htm Last Accessed on: 02 Sept 2016

SHASHANK KAMATH 51 References(Cont…) http://www.mxmindia.com/2012/04/so-why-did-turner-stop- imagineing/ Published on: 13 Apr 2012 Last Accessed: 02 Sept 2016 http://www.livemint.com/Consumer/aEhQWCQ8zoLPQbKrzuGo 5N/Success-Strategy--Colors-making-a-mark-with-content.html Published on: 10 Mar 2009 Last Accessed: 02 Sept 2016 http://www.afaqs.com/news/story/35570_We-want-eyeballs- at-the-end-of-every-screen---Punit-Goenka-MD--CEO-ZEEL Published on: 10 Oct 2012 Last Accessed: 02 Sept 2016

Television The Indian Experience – http://euindia.org Last Accessed on: 24 Aug 2016 http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2008-06- 10/news/27691692_1_average-rating-tvr-amap Published on: 10 Jun 2008 Last Accessed on: 02 Sept 2016 http://www.indiantelevision.com/interviews/y2k8/executive/pr em_kamath_interview.php Published on: 21 Jan 2008 Last Accessed on: 02 Sept 2016

The Z Factor ---- Subhas Chandra

SHASHANK KAMATH 52 References(Cont…)

http://www.impactonnet.com/Can-N-P-Singh-Revive-Sony%3F Published on: 16 Nov 2015 Last Accessed: 02 Sept 2016 http://awordtotheworld.com/tv-more-than-what-wiki-says- about-tv Published on: 01 Mar 2016 Last Accessed: 02 Sept 2016 http://awordtotheworld.com/sony-pal-old-gold-sony-pictures- network-free-to-air Published on: 11 Apr 2016 Last Accessed: 02 Sept 2016

Privatisation, convergence and Broadcasting regulations :A case study of the Indian Television Industry – Padma Rani Last Accessed: 29 Aug 2016 http://india.forbes.com/article/beyond-business/sonys-cid- fifteen-years-and-counting/33955/0 Published on: 26 Oct 2012 Last Accessed: 02 Sept 2016

Television Histories in Asia: Issues and Contexts – Jinna Tay

SHASHANK KAMATH 53 Refrences(Images) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singh http://www.in.com/p-v-narasimha-rao/profile-499114.html https://plus.google.com/+cnn http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Star_India https://plus.google.com/+SunTV http://www.rajtvnet.in/Raj_Net/Tv_Channel.aspx https://plus.google.com/+asianet http://www.apnewscorner.com/news/film/details/10966/latest /ETV-to-add-4-more-channels-in-its-list.html http://logos.wikia.com/wiki/Sony_Entertainment_Television_(In dia) http://logos.wikia.com/wiki/Zee_TV http://logos.wikia.com/wiki/Star_Plus http://www.abc.net.au/religion/articles/2011/09/05/3309666.h tm http://www.biography.com/people/amitabh-bachchan- 20950371 http://logos.wikia.com/wiki/Sahara_One http://logos.wikia.com/wiki/STAR_One https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imagine_TV https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/9X https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_(TV_channel)

SHASHANK KAMATH 54

Refrences(Images) (cont…)

http://www.fetchlogos.com/tv-company-logos/colors-tv-logo/ http://www.movietalkies.com/artiste/55836/salman-khan http://logos.wikia.com/wiki/SAB_TV http://www.ibef.org/pages/33567 http://www.televisionpost.com/television/tvs-content-play/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Life_OK_channel_logo.png https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Pal https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zee_Next http://dthforum.com/threads/colors-super-channel-launching- on-24-july.34626/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Maa_tv.png http://logos.wikia.com/wiki/Star_Vijay http://photogallery.indiatimes.com/celebs/celeb-themes/top- tv-shows/Shanti/articleshow/27293196.cms https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titan_Antakshari http://www.koimoi.com/actor/annu-kapoor/ https://www.youtube.com/show/amanat https://www.youtube.com/channel/SWqOpCdwqfOCc https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaun_Banega_Crorepati https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyunki_Saas_Bhi_Kabhi_Bahu_Thi

SHASHANK KAMATH 55 Refrences(Images) (cont…)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Idol https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bade_Achhe_Lagte_Hain https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarabhai_vs_Sarabhai https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taarak_Mehta_Ka_Ooltah_Chash mah http://indianexpress.com/article/trending/viral-videos- trending/video-this-scene-from-an-old-cid-episode-has-gone- viral-and-its-unbelievable-2843899/ http://www.livemint.com/Companies/FTBaIUjZ5Nhp5aRxXwmY uN/Colors8217-rating-soars-on-Khatron-Ke-Khiladi.html https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balika_Vadhu https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kismat_(TV_series) http://www.auditionform.in/the-voice-india-2015-online- registration-form-and-auditions/ http://www.wiki-how.in/top-10-sab-tv-shows-of-all-time/ http://zeenews.india.com/news/india/dr-subhash-chandra- raises-concern-over-news-media-ownership-in- india_1643365.html http://www.imdb.com/title/tt2792284/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Powder_(TV_series)#/media/File: Powder_(TV_Series).jpg

SHASHANK KAMATH 56 Refrences(Images) (cont…)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swayamvar_(Indian_TV_Show)#/ media/File:RakhiKaSwayamwar.jpg https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naagin_(2015_TV_series) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yudh_(TV_series) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satyamev_Jayate_(TV_series)#/m edia/File:Satyamev_Jayate_Show_Logo.jpg http://www.livemint.com/Politics/hhnjdRZ5LO6olF2QL7coHL/Aa mir-Khan-trolled-on-Twitter-for-intolerance-remarks.html https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GhEEX6iH-Co http://www.tvbasti.com/tvshow/just-dance/524/749/wallpaper

SHASHANK KAMATH 57