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Snake River White Sturgeon Conservation Plan

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Snake River White Sturgeon Conservation Plan Idaho Power Company July 2003 Idaho Power Company Snake River White Sturgeon Conservation Plan TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Tables ................................................................................................................................ vii List of Figures.............................................................................................................................. viii List of Appendices ....................................................................................................................... xiv Executive Summary.........................................................................................................................1 1. Introduction.................................................................................................................................3 2. Biology of White Sturgeon .........................................................................................................4 2.1. Description.........................................................................................................................4 2.2. Sexual Maturity..................................................................................................................5 2.3. Spawning............................................................................................................................6 2.4. Incubation ..........................................................................................................................6 2.5. Larvae ................................................................................................................................7 2.6. Young-of-Year...................................................................................................................8 2.7. Juveniles and Adults ..........................................................................................................8 2.8. Movement ..........................................................................................................................9 3. Anthropogenic Impacts to White Sturgeon...............................................................................12 3.1. Dams and Reservoirs .......................................................................................................12 3.2. Flow Regulation...............................................................................................................13 3.3. Water Quality...................................................................................................................15 3.3.1. Dissolved Oxygen...................................................................................................16 3.3.2. Temperature ............................................................................................................18 3.3.3. Contaminants ..........................................................................................................19 3.3.4. Total Dissolved Gas................................................................................................20 3.4. Genetics............................................................................................................................22 Page i Snake River White Sturgeon Conservation Plan Idaho Power Company 3.5. Exploitation......................................................................................................................24 4. Status of Snake River White Sturgeon......................................................................................25 4.1. Shoshone Falls–Upper Salmon Falls Reach ....................................................................25 4.1.1. Project and Reach Description................................................................................25 4.1.2. Population Status ....................................................................................................26 4.2. Upper Salmon Falls–Lower Salmon Falls Reach ............................................................29 4.2.1. Project and Reach Description................................................................................29 4.2.2. Population Status ....................................................................................................29 4.3. Lower Salmon Falls–Bliss Reach ....................................................................................30 4.3.1. Project and Reach Description................................................................................30 4.3.2. Population Status ....................................................................................................30 4.4. Bliss–C.J. Strike Reach....................................................................................................32 4.4.1. Project and Reach Description................................................................................32 4.4.2. Population Status ....................................................................................................33 4.5. C.J. Strike–Swan Falls Reach ..........................................................................................34 4.5.1. Project and Reach Description................................................................................34 4.5.2. Population Status ....................................................................................................35 4.6. Swan Falls–Brownlee Reach ...........................................................................................37 4.6.1. Project and Reach Description................................................................................37 4.6.2. Population Status ....................................................................................................38 4.7. Brownlee–Oxbow Reach .................................................................................................41 4.7.1. Project and Reach Description................................................................................41 4.7.2. Population Status ....................................................................................................41 4.8. Oxbow–Hells Canyon Reach...........................................................................................42 4.8.1. Project and Reach Description................................................................................42 Page ii Idaho Power Company Snake River White Sturgeon Conservation Plan 4.8.2. Population Status ....................................................................................................42 4.9. Hells Canyon–Lower Granite Reach ...............................................................................43 4.9.1. Project and Reach Description................................................................................43 4.9.2. Population Status ....................................................................................................44 5. Population Viability Analysis...................................................................................................45 6. Goal and Targets.......................................................................................................................47 6.1. Goal..................................................................................................................................47 6.2. Targets..............................................................................................................................48 7. Recommended Measures by WSTAC ......................................................................................49 7.1. Shoshone Falls–Upper Salmon Falls Reach ....................................................................49 7.2. Upper Salmon Falls–Lower Salmon Falls Reach ............................................................50 7.3. Lower Salmon Falls–Bliss Reach ....................................................................................50 7.4. Bliss–C.J. Strike Reach....................................................................................................51 7.5. C.J. Strike–Swan Falls Reach ..........................................................................................51 7.6. Swan Falls–Brownlee Reach ...........................................................................................52 7.7. Brownlee–Hells Canyon Reach .......................................................................................52 7.8. Hells Canyon–Lower Granite Reach ...............................................................................53 7.9. Recommended Measures Not Specific to White Sturgeon..............................................54 8. Measures Proposed by IPC .......................................................................................................54 8.1. Shoshone Falls–Upper Salmon Falls Reach ....................................................................55 8.1.1. Monitor Spawning and Early Life Stage Survival..................................................55 8.1.2. Develop Experimental Conservation Aquaculture Program...................................57 8.1.3. Conduct Periodic Population Assessments.............................................................59 8.1.4. Monitor Genotypic Frequencies .............................................................................60 8.1.5. Monitor Response to Measures Implemented for § 401 Water Quality Certification for the Mid-Snake Projects .....................................................................62
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