8l)l.lETIN or THE 1'01.1511 ACADEMY OFSCIENCE5 EAP.TU SCIENCES v ... 41,S&,I,lm

BIOSTfUifr.RAPJ/l·

Foraminiferal Biozonation of the Early and Middle Jurassic m the Pieniny Klippen Belt (Carpathians)

by Jarostaw TYSZKA

I're.rented by K. BIRKENMAJER on March 17, /999

SUlllnIUY. A new biozonation scheme here proposed is based on benthic foraminifers recovered from the Toarcian 10 Bajocian deposits in Ihe Picniny Klippen Belt, Carpathians (poland amI Slova· kia). Four zones and two 5ubzoncs arc established and correlated to ammonite biostratigraphy. The marker species included here are those considered 10 be tht: mOst illlponam for local and regional zonation. Some of them, sueh as Lingllfina"gr, tenera (Bornemann), Fafsopafmll{u lenlliSfriata (Franke), Lenliell/ina d'orbignyi (Roemer), and L. quem·tedli (GUmbel) are valuable: fOf global eor~ relation porposes.

I. Introduction. The biostratigraphy of the Middle Jurassic of the Pieniny Klippen Belt is based on anUllOnites (sec [5,28]), There is a need for usc ofother faunal groups for dctcmtining the age of rocks which lack ammonites. Benthic foraminifers were already employed for solving some biostratigraphic problems in the Jurassic of the Belt (see [9, 10, II, 32]). This study is an attempt 10 eSlablish a regional biozonation based on the ben" thic foraminiferal record correlated with the ammonite dating ofMyczyliski [28]. Unfol1Unately, foraminifers are not the best marker group in the Jurassic. Nevertheless, some foraminiferal ta.xa from the Pieniny Klippen Belt appear 10 be limited to particular stratigraphic intervals. These marker spccie!{ arc used 10 cre~ ate this biostratigraphic scheme.

Kcy words: Foraminirera, Jurassic. biostfatigraphy, correlation 28 Jaroslaw Tyszkn

2. Methods. The biostratigraphic study is based on benthic foraminifers re­ covered from marly and clay outcrop samples. The samples collected were dried, weighed out (250 g), and then disintegrated in a solution ofsodium. Disintegrated samples were sieved through 105 ~m mesh sieve. Quantitative resulls of micro­ faunal analysi.s have been presented elsewhere [12,42-47J. This study focuses on selected foraminiferal marker species which arc briefly described and discussed in the taxonomic chapter of this paper (see Fig. 5). The figured specimens repre­ sent digitised SEM photographs edited in Corel Photo-Paint (TM), Version 5.0 software.

3. Geological setting. The study area is mainly confined to the Polish part of the Picniny Klippcn Belt, except for Litmanova outcrop located in Slovakia, close to the Polish border (figs 1,2), The Picniny Klippen Belt rcpresents the ax­ ial, heterogeneous, highly defonned tectonic zone of the Westem Carpathians (Fig, 2). It consists oftbe Klippen successions, Outer Carpathians (Magura), and the Inner Carpathian (Manin) units incorporated in the Belt during its complex deformational history [5]. The deposits of the Klippen Belt were accumult\tcd mainly in the Pieniny Klippen and Magura basins, Most ofdeposits are attributed to the Klippen successions which mainly correspond to separate tectonic units, These successions of facies represent different palaeobathymctrie zones within the Klippen Basin represented, from the north to the south, by the Czorsztyn,

"~Ol"'" _c "",*,y _KlOVCf ""C<:[SI, '"""""= SIJ~~SS SUCCl!S$

L.ime_ Solo:"'~IaoUFm FaIlllIlOl'. - ! FlIld ::

Fig, I. Distribution and age of Early.Middle Jurassic rocks in the Pieniny Klippen Belt (adapted from Oirkcnmajer, (5] and modified) Num~red ba,. represtm an.ly~d $eCliolu OUI~foppc:d ~t: (Il Kmo""",,,; (2) ai.lo Wrkla _ ~rce~,~d; () Kt~m. I'$hy - sout~ of Kramnica klippe (ex.c' slralj8raphi~ po,illon un,""nain); (4) PoouOOczc; (5) Ktupianh; (6) Bial. Woda nca'W1I'moll;(7) Litm.novO;(S) K.apu!nico 'N' - Niedzi"" Sueenslon; (SO)Klpo:lnica 'B' -aranlslvS~es.sion;(9) CDja· ko"'. Skala; (10) Zlobowc Potocz1.i; (II) Hlllcygnmd, (I2) Cisowicc; (13) Podzamczt: (14) fl.~i: (IS) SZlolni. ~re.k, NOW; o 10km Targ

KroScienko PKB SZC2awnica , Szanary

~ ~ \ 0 " SL OVAKIA

Fig. 2. Distribution of studied outcrops in the Pieminy Klippen Bell (PKB). For labels see Fig. J

Czcrtezik, Niedzica, Branisko, and Pieniny successions (Fig. 1). The southern slope of the basin arc represented by the Nima and Hafigovce successions. The Magura Basin scpamtcd by the Czorsztyn Ridge was located to the north from the Klippen Basin. Both basins composed a part of the Western Tethys [6}. The Klippen and Magura successions include Triassic (partly), but mainly Ju­ rassic and CreLaceous marine deposits. The Triassic sediments arc known from the Haligovcc Succession and from exotic rock fragments in Cretaceous con­ glomerates. In the Polish part of the Pieniny Klippen Belt, the Lower Jurassic rocks are known from exotic fragments (grey spotty limestones) in Cretaceous conglomerates [7]. The Klippen successions in Poland poorly record the upper­ most Early Jurassic (Pliensbachian, Toarcian). The Aalenian and Bajocian are more complete. These epocbs are cbaracterized by basinal deposition of grey spotty marls and limestones (Flcckcnmergel and Fleckenkalk facies) intenupted by dark-grey to black claystones, mudstones and marls. This "black shale" facies developed at the AalenianlBajocian regional anoxic event [44].

3. Lithostratigraphic units and localities

3.1. Krzonowe Formation. The Krzonowe Fonnation is included into the Our· baszka Group of the Magma Succession which exposes at Krzonowe south of Frydman, the only locality ofthis formation [5J (Figs I, 2: loco 1). The formation consists ofycllow-grey, ycllow·green or olive-green and rusty shales with inter­ calations affine-grained micaceous, limonitic or sidcritic sandstones, ferriginous oolitic·bioclastic limestone, and ostrcid coquina (with oolitic matrix) [5, 12]. This facies resembles the "Minettc·type ironstones" (see e.g. [41 J). The Krzo­ nowe Formation is underlain by dark·grey mudstones containing siderite concre­ tions (lenses) and thin sandstones which represent the Szlaehtowa Formation 30

[12]. The upper boundary of the Krzonowc Formation against the Szlachtowa Formation is either tectonic or sedimentary [12]. A Middle Aalenian age was sug­ gested based on geologica! position ofthe [annation above the "Aalenian flysch" [4]. Grypheids (bivalves) described by Pugac'lcwska [34] also supported the Aalenian age. New biostratigraphic data based on benthic foraminifera suggest :'10 older age or the Krzonowe Formation [12J. This is based on the occurrence of Lingulina gr. lenera which ranges from Early Pliensbachian to Early Toarcian and partly overlaps with the range ofbivalve Bosilro buchi (Roemer): Toarcian­ Oxfordian [23]. 11ms, the co-occurrence of both marker taxa indicates Early Toarcian age ofthe lowennosl part oftbe [amalian. Stratigraphic position afthe upper part ofthe formation is uncertain because distribution orgrypheids, as the only marker group, is strongly environmentally controlled.

Krzonowe (Magma Succession - Figs 1,2: lac. J). This is the only exposure of the formation located in the Krzonowe forest sOUlh of Frydman in the Polish Spisz area (sec [5] - fig. 13; [12]- figs I, 3-9, 22; tabs 1-4).

3.2. Krempachy Marl Formation The Krempachy Marl FOImation is charac­ terised by thill-bedded grey 10 grey-bluish spotted marlstones and limestones. The thickness ofthis unit varies between 10 and 30 m. It occurs in the Czorsztyn, C:t.crtezik, Nicdzica and Branisko successions. The Czorsztyn, and Branisko suc­ cessions have been studied. The age of the [onnation, in the Czorsztyn Succes­ sion based on ammonites, represents a stratigraphical interval from the Upper Pli­ ensbachian to the Upper Aalenian [4, 5]. In the Brallisko Succession, the forma· tion represents the Lower Aalenian and the lowermost part ofthe Upper Aalenian (Leioceras opalinum to Ludwigia murchisonae zones) only [2R].

Krempachy(Czorsztyn Succession - FIgs 1,2: loc. 3). This is the type seclion oflhe formation Io<;atcd on thc right bank ortne Biatka River and south ortile Kramnica Klippe ((41-pl. 7, fig. I; pI. 12. fig. 3: [5]- figs 7. 141\; (45}-figs 2A. 5). This outcrop is poorly I:xposcd at present. Biu/u Wada (C7.orsztyn Succession - Figs 1. 2: Icc. 2). The 1.5 In thick section orthe fonna­ tion crops Oll! in Ihe stream-bed (left bank) ofthe Riallt \Voda valley, to the east ofthe Smolegowa Skala klippe, 300 m beluw (downstream) Ihe outcrop of lhe Skrzypny Shale Formation ([45] ­ figs 2 D, 6). Padubocze (Branisko Sucl;ession - Figs I, 2: loc. 4). It was exposed to the ESE oflhe Czersz­ tyn Castle, in a small valley ({45}- figs 2 B, 7; ~cc [28] - figs I. 11. 12; [5]- fig. 7 II: 14R). AI present lhe locality is flooded by Ihe:

3.3. Skrzypny Shale Formarion. This formation is represented by black and dark-grey claystones and mudstones often containing sideritic concretions [5, 44]. The upper part ofthe formation consists ora horizon ofgrey, strongly biotur­ bated mudstones with small phosphatic and larger phosphatic-sidcritic COncre­ tions which are bcst developed in the Czorsztyn Succession [47]. This horizon with phosphatic concretions is documented within all successions, from the CzorS7.tyn through Czertezik, Niedzica, to Branisko Succession. The mean Ihick· ness of lhe formation is approximately 10m. The formation ranges in age from ihc LudlVigia murchisonae Zone to the Oroites sallzei Zone r4, 5, 28, 36J.

Bial" WOdll (C?nrsrtyn SucccssiDn - Figs I, 2: loc. Ii). The locality is on the right side of the Biala Woda valley near a small walcrfilll, to the cast of the Smolc:gowa Skala klippe. 300 m above (down~tream)from the outcrop ofthe Krempachy Foonation «(44]- figs 1,3; 1451- figs 1,2 D, 14, 15). Kl1Ipiufllw (Czorsztyn Succession - Figs I, 2: loc. 5). The outcrop is located on the left bank orlhe Krupianka strellm beneath the klipp<:s ofSoltysia Skaika ([44J - figs 1,3; [45]- figs 1,20, 12. l3a, b; sec (4]). Czajaknwa Skala (Niedzica Succession _. Figs I. 2: loe. 9). The foonation is oUicropped at the SE side ofthe Homole Gorge, beneath the Cznjakowa Skala klippe ([44]- figs 1,3; [45]- figs I. 2 D. 16. 17). KapuJnica (Nicd7.iea and Branisko suecessions- Figs I: loco 8.8'-; Fig. 2: 10c. 8). The forma­ tion was exposed on the west side of the Dunajcc River gorge (ncar the present water dam). The Nicdzicll Succession lhat includes depusits uflhc studied formation wa~ exposed 250 In towards the north (upstream) from the dam, ell 40 m above the fornler Dunajcc river-bed (so-called Kapusnica "N" In 1441- figs 1.3 and [45 J-figs 1.2 D. 18, 19; 15J - fig. 15 q The SkIZypny Shale Forma­ tion of the Branisko Succession wa~ outcropped closer to the present dam (ca 40-50 m towards the north) (so-calktl Kapusnica "0" in [44]- figs 1,3 and [45}-figs 1.2 0.18,20; [51-fig. 15 C). 130th Kapusniea localities are noodcd by the artifieial lake.

3.3. /-Iarcygrund Shale Formation. This fonnation which occurs within the Branisko Succession has been ~tudied here. It is characterised by dark-grey to black shaly mar[stones, silty marls and shaly marly limestones. The shales often contain thill shells and imprints ofthe bivalve Bosilra hI/chi (Roemer). The thick­ ness of the formation ranges from 70 10 100m. The lower boundary with the Skrzypny Shale Formation is undefined (tectonic), the upper one is llsually tec­ tonic. A few localities reveal a transitional contact with the overlying Podzamczc Limestone Formation [5]. The Early Bajocian age of the Harcygrund Shale For· mation If' baf'cd on ammonites l28}. The unit represents a biostratigraphical inter­ val from fhe Sonninill sowerbyi Zone, through the OrOiles .sauzei Zone, to the lowesl part of the Slephalloceras hllmp/zriesial1llm Zone (Fig. 1).

Ilarcygr,,,,d Vlli/ey (Figs 1,2: loc. 11). This is the l)'Pe section of the: formation exposed 011 the left side of the: lower pan of the valley (l28J - p. 2!l-29. figs 1,5,6: (51- figs 711, 16A: 145)­ figs I, 213, 22). A 8-n1 thick sequence ofdark-grey marly limestones (maximum lhiekness or rime­ stone bands: 30 40 em. usually 10-20 em) intercalated with dark-grey to black, often sandy marl­ stones is oUieroppcd. 7./obowe Potoc:ki (Figs I, 2: loe. 10). Left lributary stream of thc Niedzlczanka Stream near Niedzie3 village ([45 J - figs I. 28, 23): left bank of the middle pan ofthe Zlohowe Potoczki, ex· posed 2 In above the stream; a t\\'o-metcr thick seetiun of dark-grey 10 black shal}' marlSlOncs: thc whole complex tcetonically contaclS with vertical bands of green radiolarites (Czajakow3 Radio­ larite Fm.); shales rarely intercalated with thin band~ of dark-grey marly limestones. Pnd

3.4. Podzamcze Limestone Formation. The fonnation consists ofdark to light gn;:y-bluc spotted limestones intercalated with grey spotted marls. The mean thickness of the rannalian is about 40 ffi. A diverse ammonite-fauna of the Stephanoceras humphriesianulIl Zone indicates a Bajocian age 128]. Detailed de­ scription of this formation is presented elsewhere [42, 43].

Harcygrund Yafley (Figs 1,2: lac. 11). This formation was exposed bclow the: type: licttion of the the Hareygrund Shale FOnnMion (on the left side ofthe lower part oflhe valley) (see (42]­ fig. 4a; (45] - figs 1,28; [28J - figs 1. 5), Podzamc::e - right bonk of/he Dlmajcc Rh'cr (Figs I. 2: lac. 13). This was the type seellon of the formation exposed near Niedziea. below the castle: (sec (42]- fig. 4a, b; (45]- figs 1, 28; [5] - figs 17, 18e; [28] - figs I, 5, 8). BOlh localities are flooded by the artificial lake.

3.5. Flaki Limestone Formation. This formation includes, from the bottom: spotted grey spongolites intercalated with thin layers of marlstones; altenlating grey to greenish pelitic to filament limestones and arenaceous crinoid marlstones; pink.green variegated arenaceous filament limestone; green sandy marlstones with abundant chamm;itic concretions; pelitic and filament limestones and marl­ stones. This 4-m thick sequence oftile Flaki Limestone Formation is covered by 12-m ofdark-grey to greenish spotty cherts ortbe Sokolica Radiolarite Formation ([45] - figs 32-33), The formation represents the upper part ofthe Middle Bajo­ cian to the lower part ofthe Upper Bajocian ill the Branisko Succession [5, 28).

Flak; mOIlIl/ain near Smmowce (Figs I, 2: loe. 14. The type locality of the Flaki Limestone Formation i~ lucated in the road CUlling, on the wcslcm side of the rond Krosniea-K'l.ty ([45]­ figs I. 28. 31-33; see [28}- fig~ J. 11, 12: [5}- fig. 198; 124J - figs l, 2, 3D).

3.6. Opaleniec Formation, This formation is attributed to the Durbaszka Group ofthe Magura Succession, It is characterised by soft blue·grey to greenish spotty (fucoidal) marlstoncs with fine mica Oakes and orange weathering coat­ ings. The type locality at Sztolnia creek exhibits tectonic contacts with the Szlachtowa Formation and black mudstones of the Hulina Formation (Albian­ Cenomanian). The Opaleniec Fonnation was previously attributed to the Lower Cretaceous "Wronine Beds". Further dating established its Middle Jurassic age [5,8, 11,32].

SZlo!nilJ Creek (Figs 1.2: loc. 15). The type section is located at the left bank of the Sztolnia Creek (middle course) below a small walerfaJl (sec [5] - fig, 9 C; 18]- fig. 2a; [45J - figs 1. 2 C. 44). 4. Biostratigraphic zonation

Lingulifla gr. teflera Zone

Definition. This zone is based on the stratigraphical occurrence of Ling/llina gr. tenera (Bornemann). The lower boundary is not defined duc to lack ofsuitable sections in the Polish part of the Pieniny Klippen Bell. The upper boundary is based 011 the last occurrence of L. gr. lenera (Fig. 3). Range. Early Toarcian (older age range not detectcd so far). Reference sections. Krzonowe (lower part of the Krzonowe Formation) (Fig. 2). Remarks. L. gr. fenera seems to be a good marker species due to its enhanced abundance per sample. Unfortunately, Ule lower age limit ofthis species is diffi­ cult lo detect in the Pieniny Klippen Belt. It is very likely that L. gr. tenera ap­ peared here in the earliest Early Jurassic.

Lent;clIlina d'orbi/:nyi Zone

De.finilion. This zone is based on the stratigraphical occurrence ofLenticulina d'ol·bignyi (Roemer). The lower boundary is not defined due to lack of suitable sections in the Pieniny Klippen Belt. 1l should be placed at the first occurrence of L. d'orhignyi. The upper boundary is based on the first occurrence ofEpisromina arcalla Anlonova which is well defined in shallower facies (see Fig. 3). The last occurrence of Lenticu/ina d'orbignyi (Roemer) probably coincides with the first occurrence of E. arcana Antonova. L. d'orbignyi is a vcry characteristic but rare species, thus, its last occurrence is~difficult to detect. Range. (1 Late Toarcian) Early Aalenian-Late Aalenian (1 earliest Early Baja· cian). Reference sections. Biala Woda (Krempachy Marl Formation; lower part of the Skrzypny Shale Fonnation), Poduboczc (Krempaehy Marl Fonnation). Remarks. The zone is an equivalent ofthe 'Zone r ofSepfontaine [37] and the Len!icillina d'orbignyi Zone described by Gradstcin [20] from the Grand Banks. Gradstcin [20] reports, following Bartenstein and Brand [3], Simon and Barten~ stein [38], and Brouwer [14], that this species becomes extinct at the Toar­ cian/Aalenian boundary. Recent reports extend range of this species up to the lowcr p:.lrt ofthe Late Bajocian [13, IS]. Thc lowcr limit ofL. d'orbigllyi is placed either in the Middle Toarcian or at the top of the Early Toarcian (penn el al., 1980; Copestake and Johnson, 1989; Brand and Ohmcrt, 1992) [13, 15,33].

Falsopa/mula tenuistriata Subzone

Definition. Tbis subzonc is bascd on the stratigraphical occurrence ofFa/so­ palmula rcmtistriata Frankc [18]. Thc lower boundary is not defined due to lack 34 Jaroslaw Tyszka of suitable sections in the Pieniny Klippen Belt. It ought to be placed at the first occurrence ofL. d'orbignyi. The upper boundary is defined allhe first appearance of Trochammina globoconica (Fig. 3). Range. ? Late Toarcian·Early Aalenian. Reference sec/ions. Biala \Voda, Podubocze (Krempachy Marl Fonnation) (Figs 1,2: lac. 2 & 4). Remarks. Pyramid"lina columnaris Franke [18] is also a characteristic spe· cies. The foraminiferal assemblage within this zone is abundant in Spirillinu spp. It may be a biofacial equivalent of the Late Toarciao·Early Aalenian Spirillina Unit (Assemblage I) of Monaco et al. [27] from the Apennines.

Trochamminu gJobocun;cfl Subzone

Definitioll. The subzone is based on the stratigraphical occurrence of Tro­ chammiJlfl globoconica Tyszka et Kaminski [47] (:::: Cnnotrochammina sp. A­ [44] Chapter 4.2). The lower boundary is defined at the first appearance of Tro­ chammintl globoconica. The upper boundary is defined by the upper boundary of Lell/icu/ina d'orbignyi Zone (lhe firSl Ol,;l,;urrence of E. arcana Anlonova) (Fig. 3). Range. Late Aalenian-(? earliest Early Bajocian). Reference sections. Kapusnica ncar Niedzica Castle (Skrzypny Shale Fonna­ tion) (Figs 1, 2: loc. 8). Remarks. The spcl:ies Vemeuilinella pieninica Tyszka ct Kaminski [47] (= GravellinG sp. - [441 Chapter 4.2) is charal:teristic for this unit.

Epi,HomilU1 arcana Zone

Definition. This subzone is based on the stratigraphical occurrence of Epis­ tomina arcana Antonova. The lower boundary is based on the first occurrence of Epistomina arcana Antonova which is common within shallower facies. The last occurrence of Len/iculifW d'orbignyi (Roemer) probably coincides with the fip.st OCCllITCnCe of E. (Ircana Antonova in deeper facies (Fig. 3). Range. ? The middle part of the Early Bajocian. Reference sectiollS. Biala Wada, Krupianka, Litmanova (Skrzypny Shale For­ mation), Zlobowc Potoczki, Harcygrund Valley, Cisowiec (Harcygrund Shale formation) (figs 1,2). Remarks. The assemblage abounds in cpistominids. The species E. semior­ nata (Schwager), and E. coronala Terquem are especially characteristic for this unit within the Skrzypny Shale Formation. Miliammina gerochi Tyszka also co­ occurs in this biozone. Its distribution is confined to the lower part ofHarcygrund Shale Formation [46]. Furamilriferal Bia;;(Jnolion of/he Early and Middle JlIras~'ic in {he Pielli"y Klippen Bel' 35

Lent;ctlUlJa qtlensfedt; Zone

D~finilion. This zone is based 011 the stratigraphical occurrence ofLenliell/ina quenslcelli (Gumbel). The lower boundary is based on the first occurrence of Lel1­ lieu/ina quenstedli in the studied material (Fig. 3). The top is not established due to the lack of lithologies suitable for microfaunal analysis. Range. The ?Iatest Early-Latc Bajocian (s. humphriesianum Zone and overly­ ing ammonite biozones). Reference seclions. Podzamcze, Harcygrund VaHey (Podzamcze Formation), Sztolnia creek (Opalcniec Formation), Flaki (Flaki Formation) (Figs I, 2). Remarks. LenliculinQ Cjuenstedli has been found in the S. hwnphriesianum Zone and lhe overlying beds (Podzameze, Opalenice, Flaki). Birkenmajcr and Pazdro [9J also reported L. quenstedli from the Lower Aalenian Szlachtowa For­ mation.

5. Discussion. TIle proposed biozonation has revealed some limitations. Not every biostratigraphic boundary is well defined that results from the specific na­ ture of geologic record in the Pieniny Klippen: most of outcrops show tectonic contacts her-veen lithostratigraphic units. The Lower-Middle Jurassic rocks arc usually strongly dispersed and poorly exposed. Nevertheless, this foraminiferal biozonation has already shown its applicability for solving some local biostra­ tigraphic problems. For instance: a new age dclem,ination for the Krzonowe For­ mation was proposed; the age of the Opaleniec Formation was confirmed; the Skrzypny Shale Formation and Hareygrund Shale Fonnation were divided into well-dated inlormal units (lower and upper parts). It is very likely that filrther research on the Lower and Middle Jurassic strata in the Carpathians will give an opportunity to test it at a regional scale. In general, Jurassic foraminifers are of limited biostratigraphic value. They often show long-ranges and/or random and patchy distribution. These features make them inadequate for global correlations. Consequently, there is no global foraminiferal biozonation. Only local or regional zonalions have been presented so far (Figs 3, 4; see [IS, 20, 37, 391). The marker species used in this study are those considered to be the most important for local and regional zonation. Some ofthese species, such as Lillgulina gr. renera (Bornemann), Fa/sopa/mula lenuis­ Iriara (Franke), Lenliculina d'orbignyi (Roemer) and L. qllensredli (Giimbel), arc valuable for global correlation purposes. They roughly show similar biostra­ tigraphic ranges in Europe and, sometimes, even outside of it (North America, Australia).

6. Taxonomic descriptions. Following abbreviations are used (next to sam­ ple labels) to express frequency of identified marker species: (s) - single (1-3 36

w ~~ zw oz ~ ~o z ~N 2

Fig. 3. Ranges of selected forammiferal laxa and proposed biozonation based on foraminifern cOlTclated with ammonite zonation (from [28]) Lnhom.,igl11phlc.1 unIts whc... fQramlnlrcnl.1 Lou ,,-.... recoan,$eIl. I- KrzonOVo'. Fmm'lIOf1 (Maeura Su.e.~;on); 2 - Krcmpa~hy Man fomullon (C7ormyn .nd Brani.ko su«essiomJ; 3- lower 1"'" of the Sk'~Yllny SIWc Formon"" (CZOIUlyn Suo....;"n).•nd.t _ (}.lim;•••nd Broni.la """"ct...... ); S _ "ppeI' pon of 'h. Skrqpll)" Shale' FOlm.,,,,,, (C2on>

Trochammi"a globoconica Tyszka et Kaminski. 1995 (Fig. 5: I a-c)

1994 Cono/rochammillo sp. A- Tyszka 144}: pI. 3, figs 1-3 1995 TrocJlOmmil1o glohocollica Tyszka el Kaminski [47]: figs 14--15, plate 3, figs 8-10 1998 Trochammina globoconic

De~cripfiol1. Test trochospiral, high conical with rounded non-tapered peri­ phery, slightly lobate at spiral side; 4--5 chambers per whorl, reduced to 3-4 in the final whorl; surures depressed; wall finely agglutinated; aperture single, umbilical. resembling a clover-like opening. Some specimens are squashed by compaction, appearing low conical in shape [47]. Material. Sknypny Shale Formation (Niedzica Succession) - KPN-5 (a), KPN-2 (a). the Pieniny Klippen Bell 37

, I, ,., Zon,,1II I. Lent/",,'''''' 0"",,,,,,0••~p o""""en" .pp_ qll

Zon.1 ~-_.­ hnticuhns d'odJignyi : FIIi$Op"lmul" ~"""".trl"''' JF·15 , Lingufin" JF·12 JF_l1 JF_l0

Fig. 4. Correlation of proposed biozonation and ccozonation for the Aalenian-Bajocian of the Picniny Klippen Bell of Poland [451 with knO\\'l1 foraminiferal zonations

Stratigraphic range: Upper Aalenian. This species is only known from the Pieniny Klippen Belt. Misik and Sotak [26J report thjs species from the Callovian-Oxfordian limestones of the Czorsztyn Succession (the Pienjny Klip­ pen Belt, Slovakia).

Verneuilinella pieninica Tyszka et Kamjnskj, 1995 (Fig. 5: 2a, h)

1994 Gravel/ina sp. - Tyszka [44]: plate 111, figs 13-15 1995 Verneuilinella pieninica Tyszka and Kaminski [47]: p. 287, figs )6-17; plate 2, figs 13 15

Description, Test troehospiral, highly conical with a quadriserial arrangement (4 chambers per whorl); sutures nush or slightly depressed; wall finely aggluti­ nated; intenomarginal aperture located close to the axis of coiling (usually not visible). Marerial: Skrzypny Shale Formation (Niedzica Succession) - KPN-5 (a), KPN-2 (a). Stratigraphic range: Upper Aalenian - this species is only known from the Picniny Klippen Belt. Jarosfaw Tyszka

• 0'· ., f IJ '.- ...... '• .' - ," .' ,.;." J _ , 1a .. •······,o _ • __ ' '; • 0 •

\.. _" '_. 0 - Ib e•.. Ie ~ .' ,I 0 -;'. '~ '- ,­ . .,- •

C:::>6b

8b

"..~ "" ~i ...... - ~ ~~'';; 110 _ 12a

fig. 5. Foraminiferal marker species from the Lower-Middle Jurassic of the Picniny Klipp~n Bell I Tmclo""""III" glubocOlficQ. T)Uka et Kaminski, 1Io11>tYJ)e: (1) llCIlphcDJ. (b) umbilical. and Ic) spi",l ,',ew'..'~l1lllle KPN-S. Skrl)'Jlfly Shalf Fonnanon; 2 - Vrtnruili"~II,, I,i.ni""u. Ty~b e' Kaminsk,. oolol)'p." (1) umbilic~L (b) ponphct.ll v~""., ...mpl~ KPN.2, SL.-qpny S"'lc Fmrna'inn (figure. I ond 2,"""ntec! from 141); 3 4 /l.fi/ium",in.. V"",1Ii Tynk., pa,at),....: (3a-l» periphcnl '"JCV>", ",mpl~ ZPlt·2, Ilan:ygnmd Shale Formalion; (4) ap:nwal "leW, Ample 7.PH-I, 5 - L"n­ ,,,"ulmu qUrlulrt!ti(Gumbel). SfItr.11 view. S1Ir1pJe 1'1'-1 I. ~lakl lm~r. Fnnnallnn; 6 -Lingullllo Ill. fl'nirO (BOOlfm3nn): (~) 1"'­ flphfral View, (b) cross-SCClion. sample l-2. Kr1.0n0w~ Formation; 7_S -- unli=li_ .rorhig"J' (ROfI1lCfI: (7) ,p.,,1 v,ew, sa'''I,I" PDK_I O. Krempachy Marl formallan: (Ila) ,pi,,1 view, (Mb) poriphcral view, lample BS- 10. Skrqpny Shalc: hi n..",,,,. 9 - M"rglnuliMfMi' dkl)"fHkI dic"<>du (Dc«k~). :;.plr.ll ~icw, ..mpl~ PDK_l 0, K~mp""hy Mati FOrll\lllloet; 10 - r"IJt>pDI­ 1II,,/a IM"Ulr;Q/(J (Fmnkel. spirn "IeW, $II1lple POK-IO. K,crnj».chy "lor! formarion; II - £pil'llm'fI/J ",....,'... An:oocl':" (1la) l'e,iph~,.,,1 II,.) (Ilh) _'I'inl ~icWf. $llmpl. AS-I: 12 _ F. ''''M''''' T..quem: (lla) ~iph.r.l1 •. je ...."ple XS-2. • nd(12b) sl'i,.l ~icw. sample XS,2; IJ £.INOC;(>t1CuIO (S<:h"'~g~,), (13.) po,iphenland (131)) spiral vie"" $llmpk XS_;. (ll-IJ) S~'r)".,y Sluok fUIf..."i",,_ xal" btu "P"UIlU IOU 1'111 Miliammina gerochi Tyszka, 1997 (Fig. 5: lu, b, 4)

1995 Miliammina sp. - Tysrlla [45}: pI. II. figs 3-6 1997 Millammina gerochi Tyszka [46): p. 360-363, figs 4A-D, SA-F

Descriplion: Test free, small, elongate, triangular to trapezoidal in apertural view; periphery rounded; quinqueloculine arrangement with chambers added 1440 apart; sutures indistinct, sometimes slightly depressed; wall smooth, thin, finely agglutinated; apenure forms a single, rounded to ovate, opening with a de­ licate lip. Malerial. Harcygrund Shale Formation; samples ZPH·1 (a), ZPH·2 (a), ZPH-5 (a), HAH-9 (e); HAH-IO (a). Straligraphic range. Lower Bajocian of the Pieniny Klippen Belt [46]. Fa/sapalmula lenllis/riala (Franke, 1936) (Fig. 5: 10)

1936 Flabellina tenui.SIr/ala Franke [18}: p. 93. pI. 9. fig. t7 1989 Palmula tenl/is/riura (Franke) - Copc..~take and Johnson [151: p. 183. pI. 6.2.5. fig. 18 Descriplion. Test free with small initial coiled portion followed by chevron­ shaped (flabel1ine) portion with 4-5 chambers; poorly preserved subrcticulate ornament with very fille pattern; sligbtly raised sutures. Material. Krempachy Marl Formation Formation - PDK-3 (s), PDK-IO (s). PDK-15 (5), PDK-IJ (5). Stratigraphic range. Upper Aalenian. This species is an excellent marker in Europe for Late Toarcian and Aalenian; however, no post·Toarcian records arc known from Britain 115]. Barlenstein [2] suggests only Toarcian age for this spe­ cies.

Lingulino gr. tenera (Bornemann) (Fig. 5: 6 a. h)

1936 Frandicularia lenem (Bornemann) - Franke 1181: p. 64, pI. 6, fig. 18 1937 Frrmdicularia /eneru /enerrl (Bornemann) - Bartcnstcin and Brand [31: p. 156, pI. I A, figs II, 19; pI. ZA. figs lOa-c; pI. 2B. figs 18a, b; pI. 3, FIgs 25, 26; pI. 5. figs 67a, b 1957 Geinilxina fenera (Bornemann) subsp. tenera (Bornemann)- Nervang [30j= p. 336-338. figs 18-23 1957 Gcinit:ina /cuero (Bornemann) subsp. /enlliSlriula (Norvang) - Norvang (30J, jl. 334--335, figs 13, 16, 17,24 1972 Ccini/zina /enera (Bornemann) - Norling [29], p. 96-99, fig. 51 A-G. table 21 1989 Lingulino tenero lener" Bornemann - Copestake and Johnson [15]; p. 179, pI. 6.2.4, fig. 9 t989 Lingufino lemro tenuif/riara Bornemann - Copestake and Johnson [15]: p. 179, pI. 6.2.4. fig. 10 1993 Paralingulinll tanera (Bornemann) - Herrero [22): p. 104-111, pl. 9, figs 2-14 1996 Lingulino tenera (Bornemann) - Birkenmajer and Tyszka [12]: fig. 22 (5-6) 40 Jaroslaw Tyslka

Description. Test with distinct median sulcus between longitudinal ribs (see Fig. 5: 6b); periphery keeled, usually with additional finer strialion close to periphery; sutures flush; chambers broader tban high, early chambers gradually morc \vide, the last one or two chambers slightly narrower; openure tcnninal pre­ served as an elongate slit in the plane of compression. Remarks. In this study. this taxon is regarded as a single species represented by different morphologic vanclics. Most ofspecimens resemble L. lem;:ra ~ub~p. tenera and L. lenera subsp. tenuistriata described by Nurvang [30). Scandinavian L. renera subsp. pupa (N01vang) shows more rounded cross-section thm differs from OUf distinctly compressed tests. L. tenera fenl/is/riara (NeTvang) identified by Copestake and Johnson [15] also resembles the studied material. There is also a problem of generic position of Ibis taxon. Gerke [19] classifies L. lenera to Paralingu/ina (nom. nov. pro Neogeinitzina Brotzen) which differs from Lingu­ lilla d'Orbigny in having prominent longitudinal costae and less overlapping chambers ([25] after [19J). Both lraits seem to be insufficient for generic level recognition, thus, a broader definition of the genus Lingu/ina is preferred. Material. Krzonowe Formation - samples: L-2 (a), L-4 (a), L-S (a), L-7 (c), L-8 (e), L-9 ('), Distribution. Heuangian-Early Toarcian according to most ofthe above refer­ ences. L. lenera tentlistriata (Nervang) from Britain ranges from Rhaetian to Late Toarcian [15].

LentiClilina d'OI'bignyi (Roemer) (Fig. ,: 7, 80. b)

1936 C"i$tel/uriu (Lenliculino) d'orbigflyi (Roemcr) - Frankc {I8): p_ 118; pI. 12, fig. 4 1971 Lentielliina do,.hignyi (Roemer) - Wcrnli [48]: p, 320: pI. lII, Figs 4, 9; pI. X. fig. 2 1986 Lentiel/lino d'orhixnyi (Roemer) - Starn {39]: [1. 123; pI. 6, figs 1,2 19lJ2 Len/;c"li"a a'orbigny; (RO!.'mer) - Brand and Ohmert [\3]: p. 15-16; pI. I, figs 1-6 1994 Lentiel/UI/a d'orblgnyi (Rocmet) - Tyszka (44): plate IV, figs IS 16

Description. Test lenticular, often uncoiled in final slage (5-6 last chambers); reticulate ornament covers whole test. Remarh'. This species is traditionally attributed to the genus Lwticulina. Loeblich and Tappan's (1988) taxonomic approach suggests to include (his spe­ cies into Alarginufi/lopsis, because most of identified specimens arc uncoiled (Fig. 5: 7, 80, b). Only single, usually smaller, specimens exhibit typicallenticu­ lar shape. II is likely that these coiled. lenticular (onns represent an earlier stage in ontogenesis. The present author believes that this view may be right for the studied material but it is hardly applicable to all descriptions ofthis (axon. Never­ theless, the fomls figured and described by Wernli [48], Starn [39], and Brand and Ohmert l13] also show a tendency to uncoiling and Marginulinopsis·like shape. Material. Krempachy Marl Formation: sample PDK-IO (s); BK-l (s); Skrzyp­ ny Sbale Fonnation: sample BS-IO (s). Stratigraphic range. TOlal range - Early Toarcian to Early Bajocian, how­ ever disappearing in West Germany, FralJce and Switzerland at the top of the Aalenian [13, 15]; Middle-Late Toarcian of the Umbria-Marchc Basin (central Italy) [27], Aalenian ofPortugal and Grand Banks [391. also known from the Late Toarcian of Canada and NW Australia [15].

Lenticuiina quenstedti (Gumbel) (Fig. 5: 5)

1965 I.I'IIt;ellUna (J.el/ticl/lina) ql/ells/edt; (Gumbel) - Hanzlikova [211: p. 73, pI. 4, figs 8, II, 13; pI. 5. fig. 2 [971 Lemit::lIfbw qlll!"slI!dli (Roemer) forma A- Wernli [481: pp. 322-323, plate IV, fig:; 23. 27: Plale X, Fi". I 1972 Lel1ljclllillfl que"s(('dti (Gumbel) - Norling (29); p. 69 1979 Lenlic/llil/(J qllellJfedti (Gumbel) - Pazdro [31 J: p. 114-J 15, pl. 1, fig. 9 1989 Lentiell/ina qllcllstcdti (Gilmbd) Riegraf and Luterbacher 135): p. 1032-1033, pI. 3. fig. 29-35 1986 LemiclI/ina qll/!nsleJfi (GUmbel) - Stam (39): p. 123, pI. 5, figs 9-11

Description. Test free, planispiral, without tendency to uncoiling; sutures slightly curved, distinctly raised as sutural ribs converging at umbilical area in form of a circular rib or a !;ct of circular ribs; periphery sharp with a marginal keel, more evident around initial part. Material. Rare to frequent; the Poozamcze Limestone Formation (Branisko Succession) - samples H·j (s), p-j (f); Flaki Limestone Formation (Dranisko Succession) - samples FF-6 (s), FF-8 (s), FF-9 (s); Opalcniec Formation (Ma­ gura Succession) - samples 50-1 (s), SO-8 (f), SO-9 (f). Stratigraphic range. Concavum Zone; Maim in the Jura Mountains [48]; Late Bathonian-Early Oxfordian of Sweden and Bajocian-Kimmeridgian of Europe [29]; Late Aalenian-earliest Kimmeridgian of Portugal and Late Bajocian­ Kimmeridgian ofGrand Banks (39]; Bajocian-Early Aptian according to Rlegraf and Lulerbacber [35] who include Cretaceous Lenticulina ollachensis (Sigal) into synolllmy.

Margiflu/inopsis dictyodes diclyudes (Deecke) (Fig. 5; 9)

1884 CrimI/aria dicfyOdeJ Deecke - (16J: p. 48. Taf. 2. Figs 9. 9a 1992 Lcmiculillu (Astacotus) dict)'otb dictyodes (Deecke) - Brand and Ohmcrt [l3J: p. 18-19. pI. 2, figs 12-18; pI. 6, figs 61-66. 73

Description. Test free, early stage planispiral, late stage uncoiling; sutures slightly curved, periphery lobate, rounded; surface ornamented, reticulate, with fine hexagonal to irregular mosaic pattern fonning small depressions and reticu­ late, irregular ribs; ap~rture tennina!. Material. Aalenian; Krempachy Marl Fonnation - samples: PDK-IO (s); PDK-15 (s); PDK-18 (s). Stratigraphic range. Late Aalenian-Bajocian in Gennany [13].

Episfomina arcana Antonova, 1958 (Fig. 5: /10. b)

1958 Episfomino arcana Antonova - [I]: p. 72, pI. V, figs 7, 9. 10 1994 £pisfomino arcana Anlonova Tyszka: (44) pI. TV. figs 5-7

Description. Test asynunetrically biconvex with distinctly more convex um­ bilical (vclltral) sidc; spiml (dorsal) side with strongly raised sutures; distinct peripheral rim; smooth umbilical side; apertures not visible. Remarks. This species differs from E. coronata Terquem in having distinctly more convex umbilical side and peripheral rim. Pazdro [31] includes E. arcana into synonymy of E. coronala. Material. Skrzypny Shale Formation - samples XS-5 (c), XS-4 (c). B5-2 (a). BS-l (a), XS-J (a), XS-2 (e); CZS-l (s), CZS-J (s), CZS-5 (I), CZS-9 (I), CZS-l 0 (I): LS-J (s), LS-5 (s), LS-IO (I), LS-12 (I) (LS samples from Litmanova), Racey­ grund Shale Formation - sample HAH-IO (s) Stratigraphic range. Uppennost part of the Latc Aalenian - Early Bajocian (this study); Bajocian of the Russian Platfonn and NW-Caucasus [I].

Epistomina coronata Terqucm, 1883 (Fig. 5: /10. b)

1883 EpiSfomillO corOllola Terquem (40): p. 378, plate 43, fig. 9 1969 Epislomlnu curonala Terquem _. rllzdro [3 I]: 54--55, plate IV. figs 3. 4; platc XII. figs 5, 7; platc XI, fig. I 1994 f:.pisfomillo corOIlOlo Tcrquem - Tyszka: [44J pI. IV. fig.'i 3-4

Description. Test more or less symmetrically biconvex, distinctly convex spi­ ral (dorsal) side wilb strongly raiscd sutures, especially in older pan of tests, in­ distinct peripheral rim; umbilical (ventral) side smooth, distinct radial sutures. Remarks. Thc studied specimens differ from E. parasfelligera (Hofker) in strongly raised sutures and from E. arcana Antonova in more equally biconvex shape, distinctly convex spiral side, and indistinct peripheral (marginal) rim. Material. Upper pan of (he Skrzypny Shale Fonnation - samples XS-5 (c). XS-4 (e), BS-2 (e), BS-l (e), XS-3 (c), XS-2 (e); LS-2 (s), LS-J (s), LS-IO (I), LS~12 (f), LS-14 (5), LS-15 (5) (LS samples from Litmanova), Harcydgrund Shale Fomlation - sample CH-3 (t). 43

Stratigraphic range. Uppcnnosl part of the Late Aalenian - Early Bajocian (this study); Kouiavian and Bathonian (Late Bajocian-Bathonian) ofthe CZltsto­ chown region and of the Polish Lowland [31].

Epistomina semiornata (Schwager, 1867) (Fig. 5: f3a, b)

1867 RQtotia sem;ornala Schwager - in Ellis and Messina (17] 1969 Reillhafdella cf. semiornata (Schwager) - pazdro [31): p. 74-75, text-fig. 16 1994 Epis/

Description. Tcst biconvex, spiral side with raised sutures which arc distinctly arched backwards, umbilical side smooth, clear but indistinct peripberal rim. Remarks. This species differs from E. corOllQ/a in lower raised sutures between older chambers, and from E. arcana in symmetrically biconvex test and less distinct peripheral rim. Material. Skrzypny Shale Formation - samples XS-5 (s), XS-4 (s), B5-2 (f), BS-1 ('), XS-3 (,), XS-2 (5); LS-5 ('), LS·15 (,j, LS-20 (s)(LS samples from Lit· manova); Harcydgnmd Shale Fonnation - sample HAH-9 (s) Stratigraphic range. Uppermost part of the Latc Aalenian - Early Bajocian (this study); Aalenian-Bajocian of the Pieniny Klippen Bett [31]; Early Bajocian of Wtirttcnberg (type area). The specimen figured by Pazdro's [3 I] comes from the Skrzypny Shale Fonnation (Mat)' Rogoinik stream, west ofSzaflary). ?Reill· holdella semiornata (Schwager) was also listed in the same fonnatian out­ cropped at Sms ncar Falsztyn and at the Sottysia Klippe [lO]. The latter repre­ sents the KlUpianka locality in the prescnt study (Fig. 2).

Acknowledgements. The author Wishes 10 thank Prof. Or K. Birkcnmajcr for rc\oicw lind pres­ entation of this paper. M. A. Kaminski fUeL), J. E. Whittaker, and R. L. Hodgkinson (BM"J'..'l-f) gnve opportuniry to e:olamine eomparative fossil material in the Briti~h Museum ofNatural Iiistory. This work was partially supported by j,,'T"ant no. 6 P040 047 OR from the Slale Commillce for Scien­ tific Rcsearch (KBN). The author was awarded by the Foundation for Polish Science in 1\195.

INSTITUTE OF W::OlOGICA LSCIENCFS(KRAK6w lUSEARCH CeNTRE). POLISH ACADeMY OF SCIENCES. SFH'lACKA 1.31...(1()2 KRAK6w.I'OL.AND (INSTYTUT NAUK GEOLOGlCZNYC!1 PAN. oSRODEK BADAWC7.Y W KRAKOWIEJ e·mail: rtdtynka(.!J<:yf-kt.c

REFERENCES

[1 J Z. A. An l 0 nov ii, FQraminijel)' sreollej jury hassejna r. Laby. Trudy VNll (Krasnod. fil.). Muskva, 17 (1958) 41-78 (ill Russian). [2J H. Bart cn SI e i II, Die Foramillijerlm-Art Fa/sapo/mula lellliistriaia (Franke /936) untl ihre Unterarten illl Taarcium ~'OII Mille/europa. Scnckenbcrg. Lcth.. 74 (1994) 33-42. [3] H. D II r len s lei n, E. Bra n dO' Mikropa/(jo/l(Q!ogische Unlersllchungen Zllr Straligrtlphie des l1ordwesf-delschen Lias lind DoKRer.f, Senekbg. Nat. Ges" Abh., 439 (1937) I 224, [41 K.. B irk c n m a j e r, Strarigrapily and pa!aeagl:og,'aphy af thl: C=ors:I)'1I Series 1/1 Po­ land, Pieniny Klippen Belt, Carpalhions, SnLd. Geol. Polan. 9 ([963) I 380. (51 K. B irk c n m aj c r, JlwQSsic andCrelaCeOIiS lithostratigraphic units afthe Pienilt), Klip­ pen Bell. Carpathialls, Foland. Stud. Geo!. Poloo_, 45 (I977) 1-159. (6) Ie B irk e n m a j e r, Exotic AndnlSov Ridge, ils role in plute-Iec/onie el'O/lIliali of the West Carparhian Fofdhelt, Stud Geol. Polon., 91 (1988) 7-37. (7] K, f3 irk (n m a jeT, H. K a ZUT, R. Moe k. Exotic Triassic peiaKic limestone pebbles from the Pieniny Klippen Belt ofPoland: ufi/rther (I'idencefor Early Mesozoic r[liing 1/1 Wcst Car­ pathian, Ann. Soc, Geol. Polan.. 60 (1990) 3-44. (81 K. B irk e n m a j c r. R. My c 7- YIi 5 k i, Middle Jurassic deposits a'ld/011I1(1 o/Ihe Mu­ gum Success/on near Szluch/owa, PienillY Klippen Bell (Carpathians). Acta GcoL Polon., 27 (1977) 387-400. [9] K. B irk e n m a j e r. O. Paz d r 0, 011 the ugl! and gealogical position a/ the so-callcd "Sub-Flysch Beds" of the Pienilly Klippe'l Belr of Pall/nd, Ann. Soc, Gcol. Pol., 33 (1963<1) 415-·456, (IOJ K. B irk e n m a j c r, o. Paz d r 0, Micrafaullol reconnuissance 0/ rhe Dogger oflhe Pi­ enln)' Klippen Beft fCurpalhains) //I Poland, Bull. Atad. Polon. Sci., Ser. sd. geol. el gcogr., 9 (1963h) 127-132. {II] K. B Irk e n m aj e T. O. Paz d r 0, On the .m·called "S:tolm'a Reds" in thl! Pienln)' Klip­ pen Bell af Pola",l, Acta Gco!. Polon., 18 (1968) 325-365. I r2] K.. B irk e n m aj e r, 1. T y ~ ll: a, P{I/Gfloem'irollmellt and uge afthe Kr::a'iowl! Furma­ 1i(1II {marine Toarcian-Aalenian}, Pienilr)' Klippen Basin, Carpathians, SOlO GeoL Polon. 109 (1996) 7-42. [13} E. Bra n d, W. 0 h m crt, Die netzgerippell Lenticulinen im DaKKer ~'an NorJl\"csr- IlIld Sildlvest-De/ltschland, Scncl:enberg, Leth., 72 (1992) 7-36. [14] J. B TO UW C r, Foraminiferal assemblages from the !.ins 0/the Nflrth·western Europe, Verh, Kon. Nedcrl. Akad. Welcnsch., Natuurk., 25 (1969) 1-48, [15J P. Cop e s til k e, B. J 0 h 0 son, The Helfollgion to Toar('fO'I (Lower Jurassic), in: Stra­ tigraphic OlIos o/Jossi/foraminifera, cd.: D. G. J e n kin s, J, W. M u r ray, Ellis-Horwood Lld., London. (1989) 129-188. [16J w. Dec c k c. Die Farmlll'niferenJaw/Q del' Zane des Stcphmtoceras JlUlllphriesimwl/1 im Vllter-Elsass, Abh. gcol. Specialkarte Eisass-Lothringen. Srrassburg. 4 (1884) 1-68. [17} B. E II i 5, A, R. M c s sin a, Cmaloglle 0/Forami"ifcra, Special PubL Amer. Mus, Nat. His!., New York. [18J A. F ran k e, Die Fommillifcren des delitschcll Lias, Abh. Preuss, GeoL Landcsanstall, N. F., 169 (1936) 1-138. [19] A. A. G c r k e, 0" some questiolls a/Nodosorid s)"Jtemotics andthe genlls Paralinglilina. Voprosy Mik:ropaleontologi;, 11 (1969) 42-60 (in Russian). [20J F, M, G ra d s Ie i n, Binstratigraph)' lmd biogeograph)' ojJurassic Grand Banks fora­ mini/era, First Int. S)'mp. on Remhonic Foraminifera ofContintnlal Margins. PI B.l'lllcoecology and Biostratigraphy. Mllrilimc Sediments Spec_ Pub.. I (1977) 557-583. (21] E. Han 1: I i k 0 v a, Thcforaminif/!m afthe Kle/ltic/! Beds (Maim), Sb, Geo!. Ved. Rada P., 5 (1965) 39-106. [22] C. Her r c r 0, Los !uraminifcras del taurcimsc inferior de !(J Cordllfera Iberica. Colee­ cion Tcsis Docloralcs No. 87193. Universidad Complutcnse de Madrid (1993) 1-524, 123] R. P. S. J e rrc r i e s, P. Min ton, The mode oflife alMo JlIrnssk specie.~ oJPosidonia. Palaeontology,8 (1965) 156---185. Fomminij..rul 8i":0110tiol1 ojthe Early cl11d Midd(e Jurassic in the Pielliny Klippen Bell 45

(24] J. R. K a s j Ii ski. G ric Ii k 0 w ski, A. Pisera. Lithologic-micro/aciaf characteristics ofthe Branisko andC:'OrSZlyn .\·IICC'esxions along the roadjrom Kroinica to Kqty. Piell/n)1 Klippen Belt, Cc;r{J(l/hicJIIS. Stud, vcol. Polon.• 10 (J981) 13-91. [251 A R. l. ne b 11 C b. II. Tap pan. F'orcmliniferal Gellera alld Their Cfassijic(.l/ion. Van Nostrand Reinhold Company. New York. (1988) 1-970 and 1-212 .... ith 847 plates. [26] M. M i.~ i k. J. SOt ak, "Micr%romini/rn" - a specific/auna 0./ organic-wolfed/ora­ miniferafrom the Ca/frwUI/I.()xjordic;n limestonEs 0/the Pieniny Klippen Belt (IVe.flem Curpm!l.'­ (ms, Genl. Carpa1hi., -\9 (lQ9R) 109~123. [211 P. Monaco. M. Nocchi. I. Or1cga-Huertas, F. Martinez. G, Chiavln!. Deposition"f trend.I m the ~'ofclorbi(/ S('(,tioll (Cenll'a! Ita!y) dllring Ihe Early JlIrauic. as revealed by micropa!eonloiogr sedllnemoiogy and geachemisIJ)', Ed. ficol. Hel\'" 81 (1994) 157-223. [28J R. MYc z~· Ii skI. Middle Jllra.uic srrmigrapJry ojlhe Bronisko Stu:cenian i'l the vicinit), o/C:ors:lyn. Pienin.... Klip(!i.'ll Beft. Carparhians. Stud Geol. Polon., 42 (1973) 1-122. [29] E. Nor lin g. Jurassic .ltrarigruphy and/oT(lminifera ojWeSlern Sc(wia. SOllthem 5wl1­ den. Sver, geol. L:nders.. Ai1t.. Scr. Ca, 47 (1972) \-120. PO] A. Nor \. a n g, The Foramin!fer(1 0/ the Li(Js SCriC..f in JlI1land, Denmark, Med, Dan~k geo1. Forcn. 13 41957) 1-35. pi J O. Paz d r 0, Viddl/'! JlIrWisk EpiSlommidac (Foramini/em) afPololld, Stud. Ceol Pol., 21 (IQ6Q) I 92. 132] O. Pat:. d r o. Mil:mji.twwjrofllihe Opaleniec Furnwliol/ (Middle JUl'ns.Tic), l'ieniny Klip­ pen Bell ofPolmld. CO/pI/IMam. Stud. Geo!. Polon.• 61 (1979) 105-128 (in Polish, English sum­ mary). [33J l. E, Pen n, R. G. Din g '>II all, R. W. 0' 8 K n 0 x. The Inferior Ootite (Bajncian) se­ qlfell("(~frrllll (1 borehole in Lyme Bay, DorUI, Rep. Ins\. GooL Sci.. LOlldon, 79 (1980) 1~27. (34) H. Pug a e z e w s k a, Aafenian Gryphacinae from Ihe Pienilly Klippen Heir 0/ Poland. Aeta Palaeon!. Polon" 16 (1971) 389 399. [35] W. R i e g r a f. II. Lu! elba e her. Obcrjllra-Furaminijtren auS delll Nord- 11/,,1 Slid(/(­ fantik (Deep Sea Drilling Pmjeci Leg 1-79). Ocol. Rundsch., 78 (1989) 999-1045. [361 E. S c h e ibn e r, Contribulioll to Ill" knowledge o!.\J,ITchisol1ll(! b"ds in Iht: Klippen !Je/J of West Carpathians in SloI'okia. Geol. Sbom" IS {1964} 27~55, !37J M. S e p fon t a i n e, ElUde micropufConlofogiqllc ct stratigraphique dll Lills .mperiellr el du Dogger des Prcalpes medianes I'omondes (Suisse), Theses No. 1554, Vmver~ile de Gcne"c, Fae, Sci., Gtncvc, (1911) 1-33. [310:] W. J. S i nI 0 n, H. 8 a TIe ns lei n (eds.). Leiljossifien der Afikropalaeo/ttofogic, Gcbr. Bomrraeger, Berlin (1962). (39] B. S t a nI, Qucmtitalil'l! analysis ojMiddle and Late Jurasslcjoramini/ern from 1'lJrlllgal andits implicolioll.rfor the Grand Banks ofNell'fiJUl/dlalld, Ulrecht Micropalcol1l. Bull., 34 (1986) 1-167. [401 M. O. T c r q 11 e m. C;nq/lleme memoirc surles Foraminijeres du systtme Oolithique de 10 Zone ,i Ammonires parkinson; de Fontoy (Moselle), Mem Acad. Imp. Met7., (ISS3). 14 lIT. Te y 5 sen. A depositiol/al modelfor the Lias:iic Minl/eue irons/ones (Luxemburg and France), ill comparison .....ilh other PhonerOloic oofilil: irons/olles, in: Phanero;alc /rollstones, ed.: T. P. Young. \\I. E G. Taylor. Ocol. Soc Spec. Publ. 46 (989) 19~91. [42) 1. TYs z k a. Palaeoellvironment ojbasinal Middle Jllra.uic carb'H/ules, Pienin)" Kfippen Belt, Carpathions, Bull Pol. Ac.: Earth Sci.. 39 (1991) 231-251. [43 J J. T Y5Zk a, Po/roenl'il'omnental impficlllions from icJlJlologico/ and micra/allllal mm!y­ ses 0/ Bajociall spouy carbunoles, Piell;ny Klippen Befl, Polish Carpathians, Palaios, 9 (1994) 175~187. 46 Jaroslaw Tyszka

[44J J. T Ys z k a, Rcspo'lse of A-fiddle Jurassic bell/hie foruminiferaf morpho~rollps /0 dy. so:dcJanoxic condirions in the Pieniny Klippen Basin, Polish Carpathians, PaJacogcogr.• Palaeocli­ matol., Palaeoecol., lID (1994) 55-81. {45jJ. T y ~ 1. k a, Mid-Jurassic palaeoenvironment and benthic cflmmun;ties in the Pienin)' Klippell olld Magura basins, f'leniny Klippen Bell, Poland, Ph.D. Thesis. Inslimte of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow (1995) 1-192. 146) J. TYs z k a, Miliammina geroeh; n. sp. - u Middle .Jurassic rzehakinid (Foraminiferida) from quasi-allal!robic biofacies, Alln. Soc. Owl. Polon., 67 (1997) 355-364. [47] J. Tyszka, M. A, Kaminski. Factors conlro{ljng dUfrihWiO!l alagg/minaled/ora­ mini/era in Aalenio'l-Bajocian dysoxicfucies (Pieniny Klippen Belt. Poland), in: Proceedings of fhe FOUrTh Inremafiona/ Worhhop on AgglutinaTed Foraminifera. cd.: M. A. K a III ins k i. S. G C TO C h, and M. A. Gas i Ii 1; k i, Krakow Poland, September 12-19, 1993. Grzybowski Foun­ dation Spec. Pub!. 3. (1995) 271-291. [48J R. We Tn I i. Les foraminiftres du Dogger dll Jura tn,Mdiollal (France), Arch. Sc. Geneve. 24 (1971) 305-364.