MOMA Heart Panel V4 (2018-08-15), 102 Genes
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Nebulette Is a Powerful Cytolinker Organizing Desmin and Actin in Mouse Hearts
M BoC | ARTICLE Nebulette is a powerful cytolinker organizing desmin and actin in mouse hearts Daniel A. Hernandeza,†, Christina M. Bennetta,†, Lyubov Dunina-Barkovskayaa, Tatjana Wedigb, Yassemi Capetanakic, Harald Herrmannb,d, and Gloria M. Conovera,* aDepartment of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3474; bDivision of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany; cCenter of Basic Research, Biomedi- cal Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece; dInstitute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Erlangen, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany ABSTRACT In the hearts of patients bearing nebulette mutations, a severe general disorgani- Monitoring Editor zation in cardiomyocytes of the extrasarcomeric desmin intermediate filament system is fre- Robert D. Goldman quently observed. However, the molecular and functional relationship between the desmin Northwestern University cytoskeleton and nebulette-containing sarcomeres is still unclear. Here we report a high-affinity Received: Apr 18, 2016 in vitro interaction between nebulette and desmin filaments. A major interaction site has been Revised: Aug 31, 2016 mapped to the desmin α-helical rod domain, indicating that the filament core is directly in- Accepted: Oct 5, 2016 volved in the binding of nebulette. The disease-mutant desmin variants E245D and T453I ex- hibited increased binding affinity for nebulette, delayed filament assembly kinetics, and caused significant weakening of networks. In isolated chick cardiomyocytes and sections from canine heart, we revealed by ground-state depletion and confocal microscopies that module 5 of nebulette extends outward from Z-disk–associated desmin filaments toward the center of the sarcomere. Accordingly, in the myocardium of Des−/− mice, elevated levels of cardiac actin cor- related with alterations in the distribution of nebulette. -
The Mineralocorticoid Receptor Leads to Increased Expression of EGFR
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN The mineralocorticoid receptor leads to increased expression of EGFR and T‑type calcium channels that support HL‑1 cell hypertrophy Katharina Stroedecke1,2, Sandra Meinel1,2, Fritz Markwardt1, Udo Kloeckner1, Nicole Straetz1, Katja Quarch1, Barbara Schreier1, Michael Kopf1, Michael Gekle1 & Claudia Grossmann1* The EGF receptor (EGFR) has been extensively studied in tumor biology and recently a role in cardiovascular pathophysiology was suggested. The mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) is an important efector of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone‑system and elicits pathophysiological efects in the cardiovascular system; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear. Our aim was to investigate the importance of EGFR for MR‑mediated cardiovascular pathophysiology because MR is known to induce EGFR expression. We identifed a SNP within the EGFR promoter that modulates MR‑induced EGFR expression. In RNA‑sequencing and qPCR experiments in heart tissue of EGFR KO and WT mice, changes in EGFR abundance led to diferential expression of cardiac ion channels, especially of the T‑type calcium channel CACNA1H. Accordingly, CACNA1H expression was increased in WT mice after in vivo MR activation by aldosterone but not in respective EGFR KO mice. Aldosterone‑ and EGF‑responsiveness of CACNA1H expression was confrmed in HL‑1 cells by Western blot and by measuring peak current density of T‑type calcium channels. Aldosterone‑induced CACNA1H protein expression could be abrogated by the EGFR inhibitor AG1478. Furthermore, inhibition of T‑type calcium channels with mibefradil or ML218 reduced diameter, volume and BNP levels in HL‑1 cells. In conclusion the MR regulates EGFR and CACNA1H expression, which has an efect on HL‑1 cell diameter, and the extent of this regulation seems to depend on the SNP‑216 (G/T) genotype. -
Molecular Profile of Tumor-Specific CD8+ T Cell Hypofunction in a Transplantable Murine Cancer Model
Downloaded from http://www.jimmunol.org/ by guest on September 25, 2021 T + is online at: average * The Journal of Immunology , 34 of which you can access for free at: 2016; 197:1477-1488; Prepublished online 1 July from submission to initial decision 4 weeks from acceptance to publication 2016; doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600589 http://www.jimmunol.org/content/197/4/1477 Molecular Profile of Tumor-Specific CD8 Cell Hypofunction in a Transplantable Murine Cancer Model Katherine A. Waugh, Sonia M. Leach, Brandon L. Moore, Tullia C. Bruno, Jonathan D. Buhrman and Jill E. Slansky J Immunol cites 95 articles Submit online. Every submission reviewed by practicing scientists ? is published twice each month by Receive free email-alerts when new articles cite this article. Sign up at: http://jimmunol.org/alerts http://jimmunol.org/subscription Submit copyright permission requests at: http://www.aai.org/About/Publications/JI/copyright.html http://www.jimmunol.org/content/suppl/2016/07/01/jimmunol.160058 9.DCSupplemental This article http://www.jimmunol.org/content/197/4/1477.full#ref-list-1 Information about subscribing to The JI No Triage! Fast Publication! Rapid Reviews! 30 days* Why • • • Material References Permissions Email Alerts Subscription Supplementary The Journal of Immunology The American Association of Immunologists, Inc., 1451 Rockville Pike, Suite 650, Rockville, MD 20852 Copyright © 2016 by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc. All rights reserved. Print ISSN: 0022-1767 Online ISSN: 1550-6606. This information is current as of September 25, 2021. The Journal of Immunology Molecular Profile of Tumor-Specific CD8+ T Cell Hypofunction in a Transplantable Murine Cancer Model Katherine A. -
The Role of Z-Disc Proteins in Myopathy and Cardiomyopathy
International Journal of Molecular Sciences Review The Role of Z-disc Proteins in Myopathy and Cardiomyopathy Kirsty Wadmore 1,†, Amar J. Azad 1,† and Katja Gehmlich 1,2,* 1 Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; [email protected] (K.W.); [email protected] (A.J.A.) 2 Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence Oxford, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +44-121-414-8259 † These authors contributed equally. Abstract: The Z-disc acts as a protein-rich structure to tether thin filament in the contractile units, the sarcomeres, of striated muscle cells. Proteins found in the Z-disc are integral for maintaining the architecture of the sarcomere. They also enable it to function as a (bio-mechanical) signalling hub. Numerous proteins interact in the Z-disc to facilitate force transduction and intracellular signalling in both cardiac and skeletal muscle. This review will focus on six key Z-disc proteins: α-actinin 2, filamin C, myopalladin, myotilin, telethonin and Z-disc alternatively spliced PDZ-motif (ZASP), which have all been linked to myopathies and cardiomyopathies. We will summarise pathogenic variants identified in the six genes coding for these proteins and look at their involvement in myopathy and cardiomyopathy. Listing the Minor Allele Frequency (MAF) of these variants in the Genome Aggregation Database (GnomAD) version 3.1 will help to critically re-evaluate pathogenicity based on variant frequency in normal population cohorts. -
Towards Mutation-Specific Precision Medicine in Atypical Clinical
International Journal of Molecular Sciences Review Towards Mutation-Specific Precision Medicine in Atypical Clinical Phenotypes of Inherited Arrhythmia Syndromes Tadashi Nakajima * , Shuntaro Tamura, Masahiko Kurabayashi and Yoshiaki Kaneko Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi 371-8511, Gunma, Japan; [email protected] (S.T.); [email protected] (M.K.); [email protected] (Y.K.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +81-27-220-8145; Fax: +81-27-220-8158 Abstract: Most causal genes for inherited arrhythmia syndromes (IASs) encode cardiac ion channel- related proteins. Genotype-phenotype studies and functional analyses of mutant genes, using heterol- ogous expression systems and animal models, have revealed the pathophysiology of IASs and enabled, in part, the establishment of causal gene-specific precision medicine. Additionally, the utilization of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology have provided further insights into the patho- physiology of IASs and novel promising therapeutic strategies, especially in long QT syndrome. It is now known that there are atypical clinical phenotypes of IASs associated with specific mutations that have unique electrophysiological properties, which raises a possibility of mutation-specific precision medicine. In particular, patients with Brugada syndrome harboring an SCN5A R1632C mutation exhibit exercise-induced cardiac events, which may be caused by a marked activity-dependent loss of R1632C-Nav1.5 availability due to a marked delay of recovery from inactivation. This suggests that the use of isoproterenol should be avoided. Conversely, the efficacy of β-blocker needs to be examined. Patients harboring a KCND3 V392I mutation exhibit both cardiac (early repolarization syndrome and Citation: Nakajima, T.; Tamura, S.; paroxysmal atrial fibrillation) and cerebral (epilepsy) phenotypes, which may be associated with a Kurabayashi, M.; Kaneko, Y. -
Supplementary Table S1. Upregulated Genes Differentially
Supplementary Table S1. Upregulated genes differentially expressed in athletes (p < 0.05 and 1.3-fold change) Gene Symbol p Value Fold Change 221051_s_at NMRK2 0.01 2.38 236518_at CCDC183 0.00 2.05 218804_at ANO1 0.00 2.05 234675_x_at 0.01 2.02 207076_s_at ASS1 0.00 1.85 209135_at ASPH 0.02 1.81 228434_at BTNL9 0.03 1.81 229985_at BTNL9 0.01 1.79 215795_at MYH7B 0.01 1.78 217979_at TSPAN13 0.01 1.77 230992_at BTNL9 0.01 1.75 226884_at LRRN1 0.03 1.74 220039_s_at CDKAL1 0.01 1.73 236520_at 0.02 1.72 219895_at TMEM255A 0.04 1.72 201030_x_at LDHB 0.00 1.69 233824_at 0.00 1.69 232257_s_at 0.05 1.67 236359_at SCN4B 0.04 1.64 242868_at 0.00 1.63 1557286_at 0.01 1.63 202780_at OXCT1 0.01 1.63 1556542_a_at 0.04 1.63 209992_at PFKFB2 0.04 1.63 205247_at NOTCH4 0.01 1.62 1554182_at TRIM73///TRIM74 0.00 1.61 232892_at MIR1-1HG 0.02 1.61 204726_at CDH13 0.01 1.6 1561167_at 0.01 1.6 1565821_at 0.01 1.6 210169_at SEC14L5 0.01 1.6 236963_at 0.02 1.6 1552880_at SEC16B 0.02 1.6 235228_at CCDC85A 0.02 1.6 1568623_a_at SLC35E4 0.00 1.59 204844_at ENPEP 0.00 1.59 1552256_a_at SCARB1 0.02 1.59 1557283_a_at ZNF519 0.02 1.59 1557293_at LINC00969 0.03 1.59 231644_at 0.01 1.58 228115_at GAREM1 0.01 1.58 223687_s_at LY6K 0.02 1.58 231779_at IRAK2 0.03 1.58 243332_at LOC105379610 0.04 1.58 232118_at 0.01 1.57 203423_at RBP1 0.02 1.57 AMY1A///AMY1B///AMY1C///AMY2A///AMY2B// 208498_s_at 0.03 1.57 /AMYP1 237154_at LOC101930114 0.00 1.56 1559691_at 0.01 1.56 243481_at RHOJ 0.03 1.56 238834_at MYLK3 0.01 1.55 213438_at NFASC 0.02 1.55 242290_at TACC1 0.04 1.55 ANKRD20A1///ANKRD20A12P///ANKRD20A2/// -
Examining the Regulation of Kv7 K+ Channels in Airway Smooth Muscle Cells and Their Potential As Novel Therapeutic Targets for the Treatment of Asthma
Loyola University Chicago Loyola eCommons Dissertations Theses and Dissertations 2017 Examining the Regulation of Kv7 K+ Channels in Airway Smooth Muscle Cells and Their Potential as Novel Therapeutic Targets for the Treatment of Asthma Jennifer Haick Loyola University Chicago Follow this and additional works at: https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_diss Part of the Pharmacology Commons Recommended Citation Haick, Jennifer, "Examining the Regulation of Kv7 K+ Channels in Airway Smooth Muscle Cells and Their Potential as Novel Therapeutic Targets for the Treatment of Asthma" (2017). Dissertations. 2588. https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_diss/2588 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses and Dissertations at Loyola eCommons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Loyola eCommons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 License. Copyright © 2017 Jennifer Haick LOYOLA UNIVERSITY CHICAGO EXAMINING THE REGULATION OF Kv7 K+ CHANNELS IN AIRWAY SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS AND THEIR POTENTIAL AS NOVEL THERAPEUTIC TARGETS FOR THE TREATMENT OF ASTHMA A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL IN CANDIDACY FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY PROGRAM IN MOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS BY JENNIFER HAICK CHICAGO, IL MAY 2017 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to take a moment to thank all of the people who have helped and supported me these past years while I have been working towards my Ph.D. First and foremost, I would like to thank Dr. Kenneth Byron for accepting me into his lab and for his mentorship these past years. -
List of Genes Associated with Sudden Cardiac Death (Scdgseta) Gene
List of genes associated with sudden cardiac death (SCDgseta) mRNA expression in normal human heart Entrez_I Gene symbol Gene name Uniprot ID Uniprot name fromb D GTEx BioGPS SAGE c d e ATP-binding cassette subfamily B ABCB1 P08183 MDR1_HUMAN 5243 √ √ member 1 ATP-binding cassette subfamily C ABCC9 O60706 ABCC9_HUMAN 10060 √ √ member 9 ACE Angiotensin I–converting enzyme P12821 ACE_HUMAN 1636 √ √ ACE2 Angiotensin I–converting enzyme 2 Q9BYF1 ACE2_HUMAN 59272 √ √ Acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright ACHE P22303 ACES_HUMAN 43 √ √ blood group) ACTC1 Actin, alpha, cardiac muscle 1 P68032 ACTC_HUMAN 70 √ √ ACTN2 Actinin alpha 2 P35609 ACTN2_HUMAN 88 √ √ √ ACTN4 Actinin alpha 4 O43707 ACTN4_HUMAN 81 √ √ √ ADRA2B Adrenoceptor alpha 2B P18089 ADA2B_HUMAN 151 √ √ AGT Angiotensinogen P01019 ANGT_HUMAN 183 √ √ √ AGTR1 Angiotensin II receptor type 1 P30556 AGTR1_HUMAN 185 √ √ AGTR2 Angiotensin II receptor type 2 P50052 AGTR2_HUMAN 186 √ √ AKAP9 A-kinase anchoring protein 9 Q99996 AKAP9_HUMAN 10142 √ √ √ ANK2/ANKB/ANKYRI Ankyrin 2 Q01484 ANK2_HUMAN 287 √ √ √ N B ANKRD1 Ankyrin repeat domain 1 Q15327 ANKR1_HUMAN 27063 √ √ √ ANKRD9 Ankyrin repeat domain 9 Q96BM1 ANKR9_HUMAN 122416 √ √ ARHGAP24 Rho GTPase–activating protein 24 Q8N264 RHG24_HUMAN 83478 √ √ ATPase Na+/K+–transporting ATP1B1 P05026 AT1B1_HUMAN 481 √ √ √ subunit beta 1 ATPase sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic ATP2A2 P16615 AT2A2_HUMAN 488 √ √ √ reticulum Ca2+ transporting 2 AZIN1 Antizyme inhibitor 1 O14977 AZIN1_HUMAN 51582 √ √ √ UDP-GlcNAc: betaGal B3GNT7 beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransfe Q8NFL0 -
A Computational Approach for Defining a Signature of Β-Cell Golgi Stress in Diabetes Mellitus
Page 1 of 781 Diabetes A Computational Approach for Defining a Signature of β-Cell Golgi Stress in Diabetes Mellitus Robert N. Bone1,6,7, Olufunmilola Oyebamiji2, Sayali Talware2, Sharmila Selvaraj2, Preethi Krishnan3,6, Farooq Syed1,6,7, Huanmei Wu2, Carmella Evans-Molina 1,3,4,5,6,7,8* Departments of 1Pediatrics, 3Medicine, 4Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, 5Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, the 6Center for Diabetes & Metabolic Diseases, and the 7Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202; 2Department of BioHealth Informatics, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, 46202; 8Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202. *Corresponding Author(s): Carmella Evans-Molina, MD, PhD ([email protected]) Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Drive, MS 2031A, Indianapolis, IN 46202, Telephone: (317) 274-4145, Fax (317) 274-4107 Running Title: Golgi Stress Response in Diabetes Word Count: 4358 Number of Figures: 6 Keywords: Golgi apparatus stress, Islets, β cell, Type 1 diabetes, Type 2 diabetes 1 Diabetes Publish Ahead of Print, published online August 20, 2020 Diabetes Page 2 of 781 ABSTRACT The Golgi apparatus (GA) is an important site of insulin processing and granule maturation, but whether GA organelle dysfunction and GA stress are present in the diabetic β-cell has not been tested. We utilized an informatics-based approach to develop a transcriptional signature of β-cell GA stress using existing RNA sequencing and microarray datasets generated using human islets from donors with diabetes and islets where type 1(T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) had been modeled ex vivo. To narrow our results to GA-specific genes, we applied a filter set of 1,030 genes accepted as GA associated. -
Emerging Roles for Multifunctional Ion Channel Auxiliary Subunits in Cancer T ⁎ Alexander S
Cell Calcium 80 (2019) 125–140 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Cell Calcium journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ceca Emerging roles for multifunctional ion channel auxiliary subunits in cancer T ⁎ Alexander S. Hawortha,b, William J. Brackenburya,b, a Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK b York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Several superfamilies of plasma membrane channels which regulate transmembrane ion flux have also been Auxiliary subunit shown to regulate a multitude of cellular processes, including proliferation and migration. Ion channels are Cancer typically multimeric complexes consisting of conducting subunits and auxiliary, non-conducting subunits. Calcium channel Auxiliary subunits modulate the function of conducting subunits and have putative non-conducting roles, further Chloride channel expanding the repertoire of cellular processes governed by ion channel complexes to processes such as trans- Potassium channel cellular adhesion and gene transcription. Given this expansive influence of ion channels on cellular behaviour it Sodium channel is perhaps no surprise that aberrant ion channel expression is a common occurrence in cancer. This review will − focus on the conducting and non-conducting roles of the auxiliary subunits of various Ca2+,K+,Na+ and Cl channels and the burgeoning evidence linking such auxiliary subunits to cancer. Several subunits are upregu- lated (e.g. Cavβ,Cavγ) and downregulated (e.g. Kvβ) in cancer, while other subunits have been functionally implicated as oncogenes (e.g. Navβ1,Cavα2δ1) and tumour suppressor genes (e.g. CLCA2, KCNE2, BKγ1) based on in vivo studies. The strengthening link between ion channel auxiliary subunits and cancer has exposed these subunits as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. -
KCND3 Potassium Channel Gene Variant Confers Susceptibility to Electrocardiographic Early Repolarization Pattern
KCND3 potassium channel gene variant confers susceptibility to electrocardiographic early repolarization pattern Alexander Teumer, … , Elijah R. Behr, Wibke Reinhard JCI Insight. 2019. https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.131156. Clinical Medicine In-Press Preview Cardiology Genetics Graphical abstract Find the latest version: https://jci.me/131156/pdf 1 KCND3 potassium channel gene variant confers susceptibility to 2 electrocardiographic early repolarization pattern 3 Alexander Teumer1,2*, Teresa Trenkwalder3*, Thorsten Kessler3, Yalda Jamshidi4, Marten E. van den 4 Berg5, Bernhard Kaess6, Christopher P. Nelson7,8, Rachel Bastiaenen9, Marzia De Bortoli10, 5 Alessandra Rossini10, Isabel Deisenhofer3, Klaus Stark11, Solmaz Assa12, Peter S. Braund7,8, Claudia 6 Cabrera13,14,15, Anna F. Dominiczak16, Martin Gögele10, Leanne M. Hall7,8, M. Arfan Ikram5, Maryam 7 Kavousi5, Karl J. Lackner17,18, Lifelines Cohort Study19, Christian Müller20, Thomas Münzel18,21, 8 Matthias Nauck2,22, Sandosh Padmanabhan16, Norbert Pfeiffer23, Tim D. Spector24, Andre G. 9 Uitterlinden5, Niek Verweij12, Uwe Völker2,25, Helen R. Warren13,14, Mobeen Zafar12, Stephan B. 10 Felix2,26, Jan A. Kors27, Harold Snieder28, Patricia B. Munroe13,14, Cristian Pattaro10, Christian 11 Fuchsberger10, Georg Schmidt29,30, Ilja M. Nolte28, Heribert Schunkert3,30, Peter Pramstaller10, Philipp 12 S. Wild31, Pim van der Harst12, Bruno H. Stricker5, Renate B. Schnabel20, Nilesh J. Samani7,8, 13 Christian Hengstenberg32, Marcus Dörr2,26, Elijah R. Behr33, Wibke Reinhard3 14 15 16 1 Institute -
Transcriptomic Analysis of Native Versus Cultured Human and Mouse Dorsal Root Ganglia Focused on Pharmacological Targets Short
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/766865; this version posted September 12, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-ND 4.0 International license. Transcriptomic analysis of native versus cultured human and mouse dorsal root ganglia focused on pharmacological targets Short title: Comparative transcriptomics of acutely dissected versus cultured DRGs Andi Wangzhou1, Lisa A. McIlvried2, Candler Paige1, Paulino Barragan-Iglesias1, Carolyn A. Guzman1, Gregory Dussor1, Pradipta R. Ray1,#, Robert W. Gereau IV2, # and Theodore J. Price1, # 1The University of Texas at Dallas, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, 800 W Campbell Rd. Richardson, TX, 75080, USA 2Washington University Pain Center and Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine # corresponding authors [email protected], [email protected] and [email protected] Funding: NIH grants T32DA007261 (LM); NS065926 and NS102161 (TJP); NS106953 and NS042595 (RWG). The authors declare no conflicts of interest Author Contributions Conceived of the Project: PRR, RWG IV and TJP Performed Experiments: AW, LAM, CP, PB-I Supervised Experiments: GD, RWG IV, TJP Analyzed Data: AW, LAM, CP, CAG, PRR Supervised Bioinformatics Analysis: PRR Drew Figures: AW, PRR Wrote and Edited Manuscript: AW, LAM, CP, GD, PRR, RWG IV, TJP All authors approved the final version of the manuscript. 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/766865; this version posted September 12, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.