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Download: Brill.Com/Brill-​ ​Typeface Women and Crime in Post- Transitional South African Crime Fiction Costerus New Series Editors C.C. Barfoot (Leiden University, The Netherlands) Michael Boyden (Uppsala University, Sweden) Theo D’haen (Leiden University, The Netherlands and Leuven University, Belgium) Raphaël Ingelbien (Leuven University, Belgium) Birgit Neumann (Heinrich- Heine- Universität Düsseldorf, Germany) volume 230 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/ cos Women and Crime in Post- Transitional South African Crime Fiction A Study of Female Victims, Perpetrators and Detectives By Sabine Binder LEIDEN | BOSTON This work was accepted as a PhD thesis by the Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, University of Zurich in the fall semester 2017 on the recommendation of the Doctoral Committee: Prof. Dr. Therese Steffen (main supervisor), Prof. Dr. Elisabeth Bronfen, and Prof. Dr. Sally- Ann Murray. The open access version of this publication was funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation. This is an open access title distributed under the terms of the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license, which permits any non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided no alterations are made and the original author(s) and source are credited. Further information and the complete license text can be found at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ The terms of the CC license apply only to the original material. The use of material from other sources (indicated by a reference) such as diagrams, illustrations, photos and text samples may require further permission from the respective copyright holder. Cover illustration: Tobias Binder. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Binder, Sabine, author. Title: Women and crime in post-transitional South African crime fiction : a study of female victims, perpetrators and detectives / by Sabine Binder. Description: Leiden ; Boston : Brill Rodopi, [2021] | Series: Costerus new series, 0165-9618 ; volume 230 | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2020036513 (print) | LCCN 2020036514 (ebook) | ISBN 9789004437432 (hardback) | ISBN 9789004437449 (ebook) Subjects: LCSH: Detective and mystery stories, South African (English)–History and criticism. | Women in literature. | Victims of crimes in literature. | Female offenders in literature. | Women detectives in literature. Classification: LCC PR9362.6.D48 B56 2021 (print) | LCC PR9362.6.D48 (ebook) | DDC 823/.087209968–dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020036513 LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020036514 Typeface for the Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic scripts: “Brill”. See and download: brill.com/brill- typeface. issn 0165- 9618 isbn 978- 90- 04- 43743- 2 (hardback) isbn 978- 90- 04- 43744- 9 (e- book) Copyright 2021 by Sabine Binder. Published by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Brill Hes & De Graaf, Brill Nijhoff, Brill Rodopi, Brill Sense, Hotei Publishing, mentis Verlag, Verlag Ferdinand Schöningh and Wilhelm Fink Verlag. Koninklijke Brill NV reserves the right to protect this publication against unauthorized use. Requests for re- use and/ or translations must be addressed to Koninklijke Brill NV via brill.com or copyright.com. This book is printed on acid- free paper and produced in a sustainable manner. Contents Acknowledgements vii Introduction 1 1 Choice of Texts and Approach 4 2 Post- Transitional Literature 7 3 Post- Transitional Crime Fiction and Crime Discourse 13 4 Post- Transitional Gender Conflicts 16 5 Preview of Chapters 19 1 The Female Victim: Whose Story is Written on Her Dead Body? Exploring the Gender Politics of Writing Female Victims and Their Traumas 22 1 The Female Victim: Introduction 22 2 Boniswa Sekeyi and Lulu: Witnesses of Systemic and Sexual Violence in Penny Lorimer’s Finders Weepers 28 3 Resisting Arrest: Amahle Matebula, Female Victim in Malla Nunn’s Blessed Are the Dead 38 4 Serial Female Victimhood: Margie Orford’s Clare Hart Series 49 5 The Female Victim: Conclusion 72 2 The Female Perpetrator: Doing and Undoing Masculinity Through Crime—Exploring the Meanings and Politics of Female Counter-Violence 75 1 The Female Perpetrator: Introduction 75 2 Mike Nicol’s Femme Fatale Sheemina February: Empowered Female Agent or Symptom of Male Fears? 84 3 Jassy Mackenzie’s Renegade Detective Jade de Jong: Exploring Femininity and Justice 99 4 Angela Makholwa’s Black Widow Society: Collective Female Terror against Gender Norms 112 5 The Female Perpetrator: Conclusion 128 3 The Female Detective: Agent of (Gender) Justice? Exploring Female Detective Agency and Investigating 133 1 The Female Detective: Introduction 133 2 Not That Kind of Cop: Michéle Rowe’s Detective Constable Persy Jonas 139 vi Contents 3 Not What South Africans Expect: Hawa Jande Golakai’s Investigator Vee Johnson 168 4 Renegade Contained: Charlotte Otter’s Investigative Journalist Maggie Cloete 190 5 The Female Detective: Conclusion 210 Conclusion 213 Works Cited 223 Index 241 Acknowledgements This journey would have been an impossible one to undertake without the warm and dependable support of so many people. I am profoundly grateful for the amazing help I have received. My deep and heartfelt appreciation goes to my three supervisors, my “Dok- tormütter” or “doctoral mothers” (as they are known in German). First of all, to Therese Steffen: It is safe to say that without your encouragement from the very earliest stages, without your unfailing intellectual and emotional support, your far- reaching expertise, strategic advice and full understanding of my situation, my thesis and the book that it has now become would not have seen the light of day. I am thankful to you beyond words. Second, Elisabeth Bronfen: I want to thank you for your truly long- term academic support. You have safely seen me through my master’s thesis, my teaching qualification and, finally, my doctoral project. You and your work have been a source of enormous inspiration to and a lasting influence on me. Third, Sally- Ann Murray: You have kept me firmly anchored in South Africa and in the loop long after my departure and I am tremendously grateful to you for this. Your enthusiasm, your generous sharing of crucial articles with me as well as your ongoing and incisive feedback have played a vital role in shaping and improving this work up its very final stages. The University of Stellenbosch, in particular the English Department, were a place of warm hospitality and my academic home whilst I was doing research in South Africa in 2013/2104. The year spent in Stellenbosch was crucial in con- ceptualising this study. I would like to thank you all for your support, advice and time taken to discuss. Beyond the university, in the Western Cape at large I could not have coped without the gentle, kind and ever so generous assis- tance of many. Thank you all for making a home away from home for me and my son, for friendship, practical support and child care. In the field of South African crime writing, I owe special thanks to Andrew Brown, Jassy Mackenzie, Angela Makholwa and Mike Nicol not only for writing blood- curdling crime novels, but also for interviews, lively conversations and hospitality. Bridging the continents, the wider circle of the Swiss South African Joint Research Programme warrants special mention for creating opportunities to present my work both in South Africa and in Switzerland, and for lively discus- sions and friendship. I am further indebted to the Doctoral Programme Gender Studies at the Institute of Asian and Oriental Studies and to the English Semi- nar at the University of Zürich. My work substantially benefitted from these in- tellectually stimulating institutional frameworks as well as from the feedback and encouragement of my fellow doctoral students. newgenprepdf viii Acknowledgements I am greatly indebted to Paddy Clark for patiently and meticulously proof- reading my entire thesis. Your engagement with my work – reaching far be- yond the written page – your generosity and friendship remain very special to me. When my thesis became the book it is now, Mark Taplin subjected it to expert copyediting. Thank you for your diligence and for working your magic on many of my phrases. At this stage, I owe further thanks to the anonymous peer reviewers for their useful comments as well as to the editors at Brill for their professional guidance throughout the publication process. The help and encouragement of my friends has been incredible. You have been my role models and my sounding boards, you have lifted me up, you have read my work and honestly voiced your views, you have assisted me practically and technically, you have lovingly cared for my son, you have been my extend- ed family: Karin Athanasiou, Judith Binder, Thomas Büchi, Marianne Bauer, Karima Geitlinger, Regula Keller, Amani Kilewo, Monica Lienin, Ciro Miniaci, Sabina Müller, Maria Nänny, Martina Padmanabhan, Tyrone Savage and Jörg Simmler. Thank you for giving me more than you could possibly imagine. I am blessed with the most wonderful of families. I cannot thank you, my parents, my brothers and my sister together with your loved ones enough for your unfailing love and constant care. You have carried me both in Switzerland and in South Africa. Tobias, my son, you have been so patient. Thank you for always keeping me firmly rooted in the reality of everyday life and also for full- heartedly sharing the South African adventure with me. It is to you that I ded- icate this book and to my late father, who understood my thirst for knowledge. ∵ For this study, I received generous financial support from the following institutions: Swiss National Science Foundation (grant number PBZHP1_ 147227: research grant (Stipendium für angehende Forschende), August 2013 to July 2014 and grant number 10BP12_ 198037: open access publication grant, June 2020) Kathrin- Hunziker Bieri Stiftung, Bern (research grant, December 2015) Salomon David Steinberg- Stipendien- Stiftung, Zürich (Promotionsstipen- dium, July to October 2016) Introduction The bad news – and it is indeed very bad news – is that post- apartheid South Africa remains a country at war with itself.
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