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OVEMBER 4, IE 60 New Face For Landmark \V. A. Carter, Governor-President N. D. Christensen, Press Officer John D. McElheny, 1^. Lieutenant Governor Joseph Connor, Publications Editor

Will Arey Official Panama Canal Company PuUicalion Editorial Assistants:

Panama Canal Information Officer Published Monthly Al Balboa Heights, C. Z. Eunice Richard and Tobi Bittel

Printed at the Printing Plant, Mount Hope, Canal Zone William Burns, Official Photographer

On sale at all Panama Canal Service Centers, Retail Stores, and The Tivoli Guest House for 10 days after publication date at 5 cent each. Subscriptions, SI a year; mail and back copies. 10 cents each. Postal money orders made payable to the Panama Canal Company should be mailed to Bo.\ 5084. Cristobal. C. Z. Editorial offices are located in the Administration Building. Balboa Heights. C. Z.

In This Issue

Rope, as most any sailor can tell vou, has been used for centuries on both land and sea. On ship- board, rope long has been more than merely useful, it has been vital. Harbor craft are no exception. They not only use rope on board the vessel, but also over the sides. As this view of the Canal tug San Pablo clearly shows, sexeral hundred feet of rope dangle o\er its sides at all

times. It is, of course, placed there for the purpose of pro- tecting the sides of the tug when it rubs against other craft, docks, and piers. These protective clumps of rope are not merelv knotted together haphazardly, however. The)' are carefulh' fashioned b\' Canal work- men in a shop at Cristobal and even the fraved ap- pearance is deliberate—and useful, as a stor)' on page 12 reports.

No LONGER is this impressive structure in downtown Panama The big boa in the hands of Kenneth W. Vinton City the scene of train-time hustle and bustle. Its use as the was a pet of his for almost 20 \ears and traveled with him to many places in Central and South America Pacific terminus of the Panama Railroad ended last month and during World War II. The the joassenger new station in Ancon replaced it in that role. USO sign on the side of the panel truck might indicate The masonry building in Panama was built during Canal that Mr. \'inton was a mem- Construction Days to replace a station at frame located the ber of a traveling entertain- same point. It was at the site of this station that thousands of ment troupe, but such was passengers bound for the gold fields of California landed on not the case. With the use of the boa the Pacific side of the Isthmus, ready to board a ship to com- and other jungle creatures, plete tlie trip. The site also served as the Pacific-side terminus Mr. \'inton lectured to thou- for many of the workers recruited during Construction Days. sands of U.S. soldiers during the war on the nature of the As a result of the October 29 change in stations, Panama tropics. This "Jungle Scien- Railroad passenger trains now make their transcontinental tist" recentl)' has eaiTied new honors for his studies, crossing entirely within the Canal Zone. as you v\'ill learn on page 9.

Before this month ends, the freight house in Panama Citv also will be moved to new quarters at Ancon and the Panama ON THE COVER Railroad Yard, which has served the Pacific side of the Isthmus Contractors Hill, historic Canal landmark, has lot its menacing appearance in the current since the railroad was completed 105 years ago, will be trans- lost a of Cut-widening project. The green line on this ferred by the United States to the Republic of Panama in month's cover shows approximate contour of hill accordance with the 1955 Treaty and Memorandum of Under- before 1954. The photo on which the line is printed shows what it looked like last month. standings between the tw^o countries.

November 4, 1960 Contractors Hill section of Cut as widening nears completion. Dredging Division is to remove most of material between Canal and road.

"Big Ditch" Is Getting Bi With Cut-widening project nearing halfway mark, Canal officials look toward accomplishment of other improvement3

The Panama Canal rapidly is pro- gressing toward the day when its re- Status of Canal Improvements strictive "big ditch" section from Pedro Miguel Locks north to Gamboa will Widening of Gaillard Cut: —More than five miles will have been widened have a channel .500 feet wide instead of by late 1963 and the remaining three miles tentatively is scheduled for com- the present 300 feet. pletion by mid-1967. The biggest earth-moving project on Lighting banks of the Cut: — X'irtualh all of the lights have been installed the Isthmus since Construction Days is along the east bank. Those along the west bank will be installed as the widening almost 40 percent completed and the is completed. topographx' along the west bank of Gail- New locomotives for Locks: —Being detailed b\' Mitsubishi Shoji Kaisha, lard Cut is taking on a new look. Ltd., in Japan, which also will manufacture them. The first six are to be Completion of the current Cut-widen- delivered next year and a minimum of 33 more by mid-1963. ing job and the other improv ements now underway or on the planning boards is More maneuverable and powerful tugs: —The first of three new tugs being expected to increase total transit built at Savannah, Ga., by Diamond Nlanufacturing Co., Inc., was launched capac- ity of the Canal to a level sufficient to last month and will be on its wav to th? Canal before the end of December. handle predicted traffic for several The two others will be delivered early in 1961. decades. Marine Traffic Control System: —Design work on the electronic svstem now A major factor in this boosted capac- is being done b)' the New York firm of Gibbs & Hill, Inc., and it should be in ity, as a direct result of the Cut-widen- use by Jul\- 1963. ing, will be a substantial reduction in New Locks maintenance method: —Plans now are being made, with the help the number of ships classified as "clear of the Arm\' Coq^s of Engineers, to reduce the time which Lock lanes must be Cuts." The number of such vessels now of for major maintenance. Preparatory work for inauguration of out sendee the using the Canal is approaching the level will vear. new method be started next of 1,500 per year and is increasing steadih'. The widened waterway will

The Panama Canal Review Sidewalk superintendents are on the job.

make it possible for many of these ships to pass each other in the Cut, thus re- moving them from the clear-Cut clas- sification. The greater width, combined » ^'im. with the bank lighting now partially in- stalled, also will provide greater usability Powdery rock dust Kil> tlie air as contractor s of the Canal at night, thus enabling drill crew sinks another hole to blast rock loose. more ships to pass through the Cut—and the Canal—in any 24-hour period. leading to a 1954 contract with the moval of slightly more than 100,000 A secondary benefit from the Cut- Tecou Corporation of Dallas, Tex., for cubic yards from the slope just north widening is expected to be elimination removal of almost 2,500,000 cubic yards of Contractors Hill. A second contract of a number of slides which might block of material from the top and face of \\ as awarded to Tecon and Bildon Cor- or restrict Canal traffic. the hill. porations, on a joint basis, for removal Current contracts and activated plans Since Tecon started work in 1954, ap- of 2.50,000 cubic yards of material be- call for five miles of the eight-mile Cut proximately 18,000,000 cubic yards of tween Pedro Miguel Locks and Paraiso. to be widened to the new .500-foot width soil and rock have been stripped from First major contract after the Tecon by late 196.3. Tentative planning for Caillard Cut, all of it being removed work was one awarded to the firm of widening the remaining three miles is from the west bank. An additional Merrit, Chapman & Scott in 1959. It aimed at completing the entire job by 29,300,000 cubic yards is yet to be re- provided for removal of .5,388,66.5 cubic mid-1967. moved before the job is completed. yards of material from a strip which By that same time. Canal officials Following completion of the Tecon included Contractors Hill. The hill, expect to have accomplished the related contract in 1955, a contract was awarded which had been cut back about 1.50 feet Canal improvements of lighting the Cut, to \'entas Generales of Panama for re- by Tecon, lost another 100 feet from its installation of an electronic Marine Traf- fic Control System, acquisition of new and more maneuverable tugs, installa- tion of the new and more powerful electric locomotives at the Locks, and inauguration of an improved Locks overhaul procedure to reduce the length of time Lock lanes are out of service for major maintenance. In the process of widening the water- way at the Continental Divide, one of the famous landmarks of the Canal, Con- tractors Hill, has been reduced from a 420-foot high mass of rock to a hump of stone 370 feet high. The menacing

face it presented to the Canal for 40 years has been cut back 2.50 feet and terraced into a symmetiical, stairstep profile.

It was, in fact, a big bite off the face and top of Contractors Hill which marked the beginning of what since has become the Cut-widening project. A crack, which was discovered in 1939 in the hill's face, started a disturbingly rapid separation in the early 1950's, Dynamite blast at base of Contractors Hill loosens rock for removal by Dredging Division.

4 November 4, 1960 face in the course of the Meriitt, Chap- man & Scott work. Second major contract after Ti'con was the one on which the firm of Foster- Wilhams Brothers no\\ is working. It calls for removal of some 7,300,000 cubic yards of material and is scheduled for completion in mid-1962. Approxima- tel>' 2,000,000 cubic yards already has been removed by Foster-\Villiams. Contractors working on the Cut- widening will remove all material lo- cated more than 95 feet abo\e sea lc\'el and will drill and blast the underwater portion, which is being removed by the Canal Company's Dredging Division. When the entire Cut, from Pedro Mi- guel to Gamboa, has been widened to 500 feet, excavation in this eight-mile stretch of the Canal, from the days of the French effort to the present, will total approximately 244,000,000 cubic yards. Of this total, about 21,000,000 cubic yards \\ ere removed bv the French and 158,000,000 by the American Constiuc- its .suppcji tin;; \\ ail on a slielf of tion Day forces. Since the opening of Workmen prcpaie to renunint t.aillard Plaque on contrete Contractors Hill after completion of current Cut-widening work on the face of the hill. the Canal in 1914, the Canal's Dredging Di\ision and contractors have removed a total of 35,700,000 cubic yards. Still to be removed are 29,300,000 cubic The Case Of yards. Thus far, the current Cut-widening has created slightly more than a mile of The Traveling Plaque 500-foot wide channel above Pedro Miguel Locks. This section already has proved of benefit b)- providing more The G.\ill.\rd Memorial Plaque is When first installed bv the Dredg- space in which to maneuver ships enter- in place on the rocky face of Con- ing Division in 1928 the plaque was ing and leaving the upper le\el of the back tractors Hill after the most recent of two moimted directly on the rock of Con- Locks. Two other short sections of the trips which it has made up and down the tractors Hill. In August 1954 the placjue widening also ha\e been completed. hill since being installed there in 1928. was removed from its rocky display Breaking the eight miles of the Cut place in preparation for cutting back into four segments of one to one and a The new location of the plaque, the face of the hill. Rigging was at- half miles each and a fifth segment run- which weighs almost a ton, is 105 feet tached to the plaque and connected by ning south from Gamboa for three miles, above the normal surface of the Canal. cable over the of the hill to a the current status of the mammoth This is just two feet higher than the brow 9- winch truck which controlled its move- earth-mo\ing project is: position which the by 11-foot placjue ment. The plaque was taken loose, then 1. Paraiso and Cucaracha Reaches, first occupied. lowered to of hill, the alreads completed area above The bronze tablet is dedicated to the by crane the base the Pedro Miguel Locks; memor\- of Lt. Col. David DuBose Gail- where it was crated and removed to 2. The area which includes Con- lard, head engineer of the Central Di- storage until a new location was read\'. tractors Hill, on which Merritt, Chap- \ision, which carried out excavation of In April 1956, the plaque, newly fas- man & Scott is nearing completion the Cut from July 1908 to July 1913. tened to a free-standing concrete back- and the Dredging Division is follow- The bas-relief scene on the face of ing wall, was hauled back up the rock ing through with its part of the job; the plaque is symbolic of the removal face to a location on the third shelf, 3. which was Culebra Reach, of the last shovelful of earth from the from where it was clearK' visible from widened to 500 feet by the Dredging Cut. Two steam shovels are shown in passing ships. Earlv in 1959, as a new DiNision between 1930 and 1955; the background, while two heroic-size assault on Contractors Hill was started 4. Empire Reach, where Foster- figures in the foreground of the scene in connection with the current Cut- Williams has completed about one- remove the last shovelful of dirt from widening project, the plaque again was fourth of its work and the Dredging the bottom of the Cut. remo\ed from the hill. Division share remains to be started; The tablet was pro\ided b\" the fam- With current work on the hill now 5. Bas Obispo and Las Cascadas complete, the plaque has reins- Reaches, which cover the three-mile ily and friends of Colonel Gaillard, in- been talled the hill in location segment from the north end of the cluding his wife and the Memorial Asso- on a not far Foster-Williams job to the mouth of ciation of the Third United States Vol- diff^erent from that selected by Mrs. the Chagres River at Gamboa, no unteer Regiment of Engineers, the unit Gaillard 32 years ago. Today, howe\'er, contracts ha\e been awarded, but which the colonel commanded during it o\'erlooks a Canal that has been in- engineering work has started. the Spanish-American War. creased in width b\ almost one-third.

The Panama Canal Review Building Toward The Future

Scholarships are

helping Latin American Latin American Scholarship Committee members, from left: Harold Williams; Louis H. De Armas; A. E. Osborne, treasurer; Miss Emily Butcher, assistant secretary; E. L. Fawcett, youngsters become president; William Jump; Aston Parchment, secretary; Henry L. Donovan, Director of the Civil Affairs Bureau, honorary president, and Ra>mond George. Two other members, teachers, engineers A. C. Cragvvell and S. S. Josephs, were unable to be present when the picture was taken.

and professionals objecti\es are to promote and support year at the Canal Zone Junior College, scholarship and educational opportimi- wrote his own letter to the Club Alta- in fields other ties for graduates of the Latin American mira, setting forth the facts on which high schools of the Canal Zone. his recjuest for scholarship aid was The Club Altamira, with the motto based. He also sent along his scholastic of "Progress Through Education" and a records. membership limited to 25 members, was Mr. Dono\an is honorarv president of organized in 1952 for the express pur- Future teachers, engineers, scien- the Latin American Scholarship Com- pose of raising funds and promoting ac- mittee. The other officers are: E. L. tists, and accountants whose talents tivities support deserving for the of and Fawcett, president; Aston Parchment, otherwise been lost to these might have students. needy secretary; Miss Emil)' Butcher, assistant fields, now are attending schools in the The majority of scholarships awarded secretary, and A. E. Osborne, treasurer. Republic of Panama, the United States, through the Latin American Scholarship There are si.x other members: William and the Canal Zone, at least partially as Committee have been to colleges in the Louis De Armas, Alfredo Crag- a result of financial assistance by the Jump, United States. The Club Altamira, on the well, S. S. Harold Williams, Latin American Scholarship Committee Josephs, other hand, has never sponsored a scho- and Ra\mond George. and b\' the Club Altamira of the Canal larship outside the Republic of Panama Zone. Through the efforts of \\'alter Oliver, and the Canal Zone. The Latin American Scholarship a former member of the Latin .American lioth organizations carefidK' screen Committee was organized in 1956 at the Scholarship Committee, now a professor the students the\' will help. The Latin suggestion of Henry L. Donovan, Di- of Spanish at Taylor University, Upland, American Scholarship Committee re- rector of the Civil Affairs Bureau. Its Ind., the Committee obtained Taylor ceives the names of top-ranking gra- duates from the two Latin American Best, Zone Junior College. Ra>mond Oakley, now student in States. Beverly Canal High Schools in the Canal Zone. From these, one candidate is selected from the Pacific Side of the Lsthmus and one from the Atlantic Side. The student with the highest scholastic standing and greatest need for financial assistance re- ceives the Committee's scholarship.

The lottery drawing plays a part in the Club Altamira's selection of a scho- larship student. Candidates are recom- mended b\' teachers and principals and careful in\estigation is made before 10 scholarship candidates are listed. From these 10, the winner is chosen through the lottery drawing held closest the date of the award. The present Club Altamira scholar- ship student, William G. Millett, |r., who is completing his second and final .

University scholarships for five grad- uates of Canal Zone Latin American

schools. Three of these students are still at Taylor, one was graduated as a teacher in June 1960, and there has been one transfer for specialized schooling.

The first of the Canal Zone Latin American scholarship students to gra-

duate from Taylor University is Cecilia Parchment, a graduate of Paraiso High School, who recei\ed a four-vear scho-

larship and was graduated \\ ith a Bach- elor of Arts degree in education last June. She was appointed teacher of gen- eral science of a junior high school in Elkhart, Ind. Annetta Josephs, a graduate of Rain- bow City High School, completed three years as a scholarship student at Ta\lor University and has transferred to a school of nursing in New York City. Two of the three students now at ra)lor Uni\ersit\' are graduates of Rain- Club Altaniira officials, seated from left: Edmundo F. Joseph, president, and Clemente V. bow City High School: Jacinta Griffiths, Jones, treasurer. Standing, from left: Thomas L. Edghill, secretary, and George Thomas, now a member of the junior class on a chairman of public relations committee. The Club has awarded seven scholarships. full scholarship, and Clarence Stuart, a senior at Ta\lor. The latter received a scholarship and substantial financial aid Oakley graduated from the Canal Zone at Abel Bravo, Miss Kidd is taking a from the Latin American Scholarship Junior College and left last month to preparatory course in nursing and Committee. Eric Atherly, fifth member study at the University of Illinois, where sciences. of the Canal Zone group at Taylor Uni- he will major in electronics. \\'ilfred Sinclair, who was graduated versity, is a sophomore there. On the local scene, financial aid is from La Boca High School in 1955 as being given Marion Clarke, a medical an honor student, received William Fredericks, a graduate of a one-year student at the University of Panama. grant to study at the Canal Rainbow Cit^• High School, received a Zone Junior Beverly Best, who attended Canal Zone College and now is pursuing engineering four-year scholarship to study at Dakota Junior College, also received aid from studies in the United States. Wesle\an Uni\ersitv in Mitchell, S. the Committee. William G. Millett, received a Dak., where he is completing his senior Jr., Club Altamira scholarships, which one-year grant for his second final year. Claudette Solev, a graduate of and are financed through public support, year at the Canal Paraiso High School, received a four- Zone Junior College, have been awarded to seven Latin where he is completing his final year in year scholarship to Ohio University American boys and girls. medical technolog\ through the efforts of Las Serv'idoras, Milton A. James, the first Club Alta- Dora Castro and Olga Zuniga of Inc., of New York City, and substantial mira scholarship award winner, recei\'ed Colon, who are studying at Colegio financial aid from the Latin American San a six-year grant to study at the Artes \'icente de Paul in Colon Citv', a paro- Scholarship Committee. She is a fresh- y Oficios "Melchor Lasso la chial school and a charitable institution man at the Ohio school. de Vega" School in Panama City. He completed operated by the Vicentian Fathers and With assistance from the Latin Amer- his studies in construction and is plan- taught by nuns, are the other two Club ican Scholarship Committee, Ra\mond ning to continue studies in architectural Altamira scholarship winners. engineering at Wisconsin State College, River Falls, Wis. Marion Clarke, University of Panama. William Millett, Jr., Zone medical student. Esmeralda Lopez, who in 19.55 was given a three-year grant to study at the Professional High School in Panama City, was graduated with honors in 1958 and received an outright contribution of $50 to help her continue her studies at the National Institute of Panama. After graduation, she plans to enter a nursing school. Judith Kidd of Colon has been a two- time Club Altamira Scholarship winner. In 1957 she received a two-\ear grant to study at Abel Bravo High School in Colon, after the original winner, Augus- to Diaz, moved to the Pacific side. As a goodwill gesture. Club Altamira gave Mr. Diaz a S50 contribution to assist him in entering school in Panama. Re- ceiving a 1960-1961 scholarship to study

I V plant shows pool, building This artist's concept of the new Paraiso Junior-Senior High School shop at left, and extended masonry buildings.

Coming: Shift In Paraiso Schools

Melva Lowe and her classmates will include the addition of several class- Hamilton Street, will provide wood and who complete Junior High School stud- rooms and laboratories, a shop building, metal shop facilities for the Senior High ies at Paraiso in January won't have to a swimming pool, and consolidation of School and general shop facilities for move across town to the Paraiso High all High School and Junior High School the Junior High School. School next year. The High School will activities, including physical education The swimming pool to be built in con- come to them, instead. and recreation, in a single area. nection with the changes in school ar- Fifth Grader Hugh Warren, who The combined Junior-Senior High rangements will be located on the east plans to attend sixth grade in the Paraiso School plant will utilize both the pre- side of the gymnasium. It will be divided Elementary School next year, will move, sent frame building of the Junior High into two sections by a bulkhead at one however. He and his classmates will go School and the masonrv building which end which will separate a 20-foot sec- across town to the building which has has housed the Elementar)' School. In tion with a maximum depth of three served as the Paraiso High School since the frame building, a study hall will be feet from the main part of the pool. 1956. established on the second floor and part The swimming pool will include These youngsters are only two of the of the basement will be converted into covered seating for spectators, while 1,404 students now attending school in a communitv-school library. The base- bathhouse facilities will be provided by Paraiso who will be affected by a shift ment also will house two home econo- the locker rooms and shower facilities in the school plants which is to be mics classrooms and the offices and near the gymnasium, which were de- carried out during the coming dry clinic of the Junior-Senior High School. signed to serve both the gymnasium and season. The switch is being made be- The new classrooms and laboratories the pool. cause of enrollment increases and to to be added to the new, combined The present High School building, provide sufficient facilities for the Junior Junior-Senior High School plant will be which is to be used as the Elementary and Senior High School students of constructed as an addition to the exist- School after this year, was constructed Latin American schools on the Pacific ing masonry building and will be de- as an industrial building in 1943 and side. signed on the general plan used for the converted into a high school in 19.56. The switch between the elementary new schools at Diablo and Los Rios. The only major change needed in this and secondary schools will follow con- Along with the conversion and the structure—except for reducing things to version of the existing Elementary and switch in locations of the Elementary a size suitable for its new occupants- Junior High School buildings, which are and Senior High Schools, four of the will be the conversion of the present located near each other, into a combined classrooms in the two-story masonry shop into a covered recreation area. The Junior-Senior High School plant, thus building which now houses the Ele- present study hall will be divided into leaving the present High School building mentary School will be air-conditioned two kindergarten classrooms and the for use as the Elementary School. for use as music and audio-visual in- library and household arts room also will The conversion will include such struction rooms for the combined Junior- be changed into classrooms. basic jobs as raising the blackboards in Senior High School. The present Ele- Bids for the work will be sought this one building and lowering them in mentarv School kindergarten rooms will month and the work is scheduled for another, thus adjusting them to fit the be converted to High School classrooms. completion by the time Latin American size of the students who will be using The shop building, which is to be schools open for the next school term, them. More importantly, however, it located adjacent to the gymnasium off which starts in May.

8 November 4, 1960 JUNGLE SCIENTIST

Kenneth W. Vinton has differed with Darwin, dabbled in arche- ology, tramped through South America, put pen to paper—and earned honors at all of them.

Kenneth W. Vinton, author and scientist, in clothes he normally wears on jungle trips.

have come to a scien- archeological investigations New honors along its is a collection of lectures which he gave tist instructor in the Canal Zone shores. and to servicemen during World War II and studying has Junior College who has been He another project on tap, but stories of his experiences in Central and the jungles, seacoasts, and archeology will not pursue it until next summer, South America. of Central and South America virtually when the end of college sessions will An article which Mr. Vinton wrote on ever since arri\ing on the Isthmus more give him time to spend several weeks "Origin of Life on the Galapagos than years ago. in an attempt to 30 locate the old Spanish Islands," first published in the American settlement of Ada, where Vasco Nunez Scientific recognition of his work is Journal of Science in May I95I, later de Balboa lost his head, by order nothing new for Kenneth W. Vinton, of was reprinted in Panorama of Science, Pedrarias the Cruel. head of the Department of Natural 1952, the annual supplement of the "It's on the north coast of Science in the Canal Zone Junior Col- Panama, Smithsonian Series, a well-known ency- almost to the Colombian border," lege. But having two papers about his Mr. clopedic work on the natural sciences. \'inton says. "No one ever has able studies in this part of the \\ orld accepted been It was one of 27 articles reprinted in to locate it positively, I at the 34th International Congress of but believe I the supplement that year and put Mr. know it Americanists in Vienna, Austria, this where was and think I'll be Vinton in such distinguished academic able summer certainly was a major highlight to establish the exact site by an on- company as Sir Harold Spencer Jones, the-spot visit." in his honor-winning career. Maria telkes, Harold C. Urey, H. H. Those who know Mr. Vinton's interest Nininger, and Arthur W. Hummel, all Mr. \'inton, who spent two and a half in and knowledge of Panama and large of whom had articles included in the months in Europe this past smnmer, per- parts of Central and South America— same book. sonally presented both papers at the and his determination in searching out As this cursory listing indicates, the Vienna meeting and both will be printed previously unknown facts—will not be Junior College department head and in- in the minutes of the sessions. The two surprised if he succeeds in locating Ada. structor has let his curiosity keep him papers also were acclaimed by other ex- In fact, they probably will be more sur- busy at spare time pursuits practically perts attending the Sixth International prised if he doesn't locate it. ever since his arrival here in 1930 Congress of the Sciences of Archaeology Man) times in the past 30 years, Mr. aboard a Panama Line ship which in- and Ethnology in Paris, where only lack Vinton has pursued the elusive answers cluded the present Dean of the Canal of program time prevented Mr. \'inton to scientific cjuestions and has met with Zone Junior College, Roger C. Hackett, from again presenting them personally. remarkable success on a number of among its passengers. Author, college instructor, hiking en- occasions. Articles which he has written One of Mr. Vinton's early—and more thusiast, scientist, and amateur archeo- as a result of his studies have appeared mimdane—ventures on the Isthmus was logist, Mr. Vinton's latest ventures have in such influential and varied publica- to walk from Cristobal Bay to Pier 18 been aimed in two directions: attracting tions as the American Journal of Sur- in Balboa, accompanied by Dean a well-financed organization into archeo- gery, the National Geographic Maga- Hackett and three high school bo\s, tw^o logical exploration of the Belcn-\'eragua zine, the American Journal of Science, of whom failed to complete the 14-hour River area on the north coast of Panama Natural History, the Scientific Monthly, hike. Onl\- one of the youths to walk the between Boeas del Toro and Colon, and and School Science and Mathematics, entire distance with tlie two teachers showing that the gradually rising coast- as well as in book form, including a com- was Perry \\'ashabaugh, now with the line of Panama Bay is important to plete book. The Jungle Whispers, which Admeasurer's Office in Cristobal. James

The Panama Canal Review Wood, now with the Admeasurer's Of- fice in Balboa, dropped out at Gamboa, CARIBBEAN and W'ilham Hollow ell, now Lead Fore- man in the Water Distribution S\stem BELEN-VERAGUA on the Atlantic side, who did not join the other four until they reached Gatun, made it to Pedro Miguel before stop- ping. In the years since, Mr. Vinton has abandoned hiking as an a\'ocation, but still is agile afoot and thinks little of heading into the jungle for a hike lasting several days. Nowadays, though, his hikes are designed to carry him to a place which he wants to visit for some serious, scientific purpose. PA C/ F/C OCEAN It was such a purpose which, in Jul)* 19.59, Knick, a induced he and John This outline map shows location of La Pintada, from where Kenneth W. biologv teacher in Balboa High School, Vinton and John Knick walked to Belen-Veragua River area. It also shows to hike for two days from La Pintada the approximate location of Ada, which Mr. Vinton hopes to locate next year. toward the Atlantic coast, then spend a third day traveling in native dugouts with two Indians to finish the journey difficulties in getting to it. Some of the senations of life on the islands to sup- to the sea. deterrent conditions are: A mountain port the theories he adv'anced in his trip from Pintada across the The La range along the coast with elevations up monumental work. Origin of the Species. mountains to the ocean was part of the to 11,000 "feet, 12 feet of rainfall per Darwin and man}' other authorities third visit which Mr. Vinton has made year, rivers with large sandbars closing had theorized that the forms of life into the Belen-\'eragua River area. A their entrances, a heavy surf most of the found on the islands arrived there with year earlier, in and again in August, July year, and a very small change of tide the flotsam and jetsam carried by he had entered the area twice, but both level. oceanic cuiTents, had been transported times by sea. The purpose of all three It is not surprising that Mr. Vinton there b\' the wind, or were carried to trips was the same: to study the region visited the area despite these physical the islands bv migratory birds. Other, where Christopher Columbus spent barriers. Neither geographic deterrents equallv distinguished, scientists had three months after it was pointed out to nor formidable scientific opinion have argued that the islands once were joined him as the center of the gold trading prevented him from pursuing his scien- to the mainland bv an archipelago ex- region on the Isthmus. It was Mr. tific endeavors in the past. In fact, some tending from the Costa Rican area. After Vinton's interest in the archeology of the of those endeavors seem to have been his studies, including three visits to area which led him to make the trips induced, at least in part, bv just such the islands, Mr. \'inton combined the and to prepare one of the two papers factors. theories of both groups to offer a new which were accepted at the European In 19.38, he led a two-month expedi- possibilitv. It was this article which was meetings this summer. tion into the Amazon River area of South selected for the supplement to the Vinton powerful chief Mr. says the America to collect specimens of animal Smithsonian Series and placed its author who ruled the Belen-Veragua River area life in that region and study some of the alongside many of the leading scientists at the time of Columbus' visit eventually customs of the natives. It was from in- of the dav. forced the great discoverer to abandon formation gathered on this trip and Mr. Vinton's thesis is that an archi- the region, but not before making a col- further studies later that Mr. \'inton pelago did extend from Costa Rica to lection of gold pieces which still are developed an article for the American w ithin about 100 miles of the Galapagos virtually the only native artifacts ever Journal of Surgery on a tiny fish which Islands. This theory, he maintains, taken from the area. It is of such because attacks humans and other animals un- makes it more plausible for the life forms limited research that Mr. Vinton and wary enough to enter the waters where found on the islands to have reached other members of the Panama Archaeo- it lives. During this expedition, Mr. there, while also providing a reasonable logical Society would like to see a well- Vinton and his companions traveled ap- explanation for wh\- certain forms of life financed expedition visit the region. proximately 1,.500 miles through the common to the Costa Rican area—in- In his paper, the Junior College mountains and jungles, much of it bv cluding cockroaches— are not native in department head says he and other raft on rivers, but a considerable portion thi^ Galapagos. He points to submerged members of the Society have observed of it by walking. sections of the land mass which he says "evidence of ancient roads or passage- World War II forced Mr. \"inton to once extended far into the Pacific above ways in the mountains and uncharted pause in some of his pursuits, but his ocean level as proof of his viewpoint. jungle areas surrounding the Belen- knowledge of tropical jungles led him In less than two years, Mr. and Mrs. Veragua Rivers." He says, "These old into a new area of activitv which kept X'inton- who describes herself as "an features severely have been eroded in him extremelv busy: Lecturing on the outdoors girl " and savs she abandoned places and obscured by dense jungle plants and animals of the jungle to thou- exploration trips with her husband "to growth, but nevertheless hint that active sands and thousands of U.S. service- take care of oiu' two daughteis when trade routes existed between the two men headed for service on the jungle- they were small"—will be retiring. But oceans long before Columbus arrived tangled islands of the Pacific. During anyone who knows Mr. Mnton's stu- in the Americas." this period, he also visited the Gala- dious nature and love of exploration area, Mr. \'inton The points out, has pagos Islands and became intrigued by doesn't believe he'll really "retire, " but remained virtually uninvestigated by ar- a problem which had troubled scien- soon will find something new to inves- cheologists and others because of the tists since Charles Darwin used his ob- tigate and write about.

10 November 4, 1960 Doctor From The San Bias

Olowitinape doesn't have a degree, but his treatments utilize methods similar to many in modern medicine

Olowitinape prepares native prescription in home of his host, Dr. A. W. McFadden of Gorgas Hospital.

Olowitinape, noted inatuleti or herb doctors, one \\'ith medical degrees and certain chants are required to make the doctor and medicine man from the the other imable to read or write, by ingredients used in treatments active Ishind of Muhitupii in the San Bias the Rev. Peter Miller, an American- and effective. Island chain, was a guest last month in educated San Bias Indian, who has a Dr. McFadden sa\s there are many the home of Dr. A. W. McFadden, Chief degree from a college in North Carolina. real similarities in modern demiatology of the Dermatology Section of Gorgas Another United States-educated San therapy and Cuna medical practice. He Hospital, while instructing the Gorgas Bias Indian, Claudio Iglesias, who has a cited methods in both which involve physician in some of the secrets of San Bachelor of Science degree from Red- warm and cool soaking for certain in- Bias medicine. Olowitinape, swaying lands, Calif., was instrumental in Dr. flamed or weeping rashes and the use gentlv back and forth in a hammock, McFadden's meeting with Olowitinape. of pastes or creams in the treatment of thinking, and chanting, demonstrated Mr. Iglesias, who is married to a North itching and infected eruptions. man\' of the rituals he follows as an American girl, conducts a private school Ingredients used in the Cuna pre- "inatuleti," the title a medical practi- for children in the San Bias Islands and scriptions are almost entirely from the tioner carries in the San Bias Islands. it was while visiting at his home that botanical field, just as are many of the Dr. McFadden, who has visited Olo- Dr. McFadden met the herb and medi- ingredients used in modem pharmaceu- witinape at his island home, believes he cine man from the Island of Mulatupu. tical preparations. The Cuna prepara- is the first dermatologist to investigate When Dr. McFadden invited Olo- tions include bark, sap, young plant the area of Cuna medicine which covers witinape for a visit at the McFadden shoots, quinine, and certain bitter shrubs the Indian ideas on the types of skin home near Gorgas Hospital, he also for treatment of fevers. diseases, the causes, and the appropriate bought a hammock from the island so Olowitinape feels that modern medi- treatments. The latter includes gathering that the herb doctor would feel at home. cines may be superior to his herbs in the ingredients for native prescriptions Olowitinape comes from a family of two aspects. Certain diseases, he points and the necessary chants to activate medicine men in the San Bias Islands. out, are of foreign origin and under the them. He studied under his father on Mula- influence of foreign disease spirits. Language barriers were \irtualK' non- tupu and also under famous Neles, or These require foreign medicine for treat- existent for the two, although Olowiti- physicians, of the islands of Ustupu and ment, he says. The other aspect is the nape speaks Cuna primarily, with a .'Vchutupu. His father, he says, was tremendous advantage which modern sprinkling of Spanish, and Dr. McFad- famous as a specialist in the treatment pharmacy offers in the concenti-ation of den speaks English and Spanish. Ges- of snake bites. All of Olowitinape's ingredients in preparing prescriptions. tures were used to fill in for words where training has been oral. Working, learn- However, Olowitinape does not think necessary, and when a disease was dis- ing, and chanting, it took about eigth that America's medicine would be effec- cussed for which neither Spanish or years before he was recognized as a tive against many of the conditions he English translation from the Cuna was practitioner. Now he has a general med- encounters in his practice. The thorough known, a discussion of the symptoms ical practice, but treats obstetrical and knowledge and proper use of the many usually gave the key to the specific ail- dermatologic patients for the most part. purifying and healing chants, he says, ment being considered. Chanting, he says, is an important are more important than individual In\aluable assistance was lent the two part in his practice of medicine, because herbs in many cases.

The Panama Canal Review 11 —

A Shaggy Rope Story

Fenders which protect harbor craft are more than clumps of rope. They're carefully made

and that frayed appearance is deliberate.

As two rigger helpers make a fender mat of untwisted rope strands, two others tie the half-hitch knots used as a protective covering for the core of a big bow fender.

The ordinary landlubber knows, land shops, such as the one in Cristobal straightening out the rope being used

in a vague sort of way, that the kimpy where all rope fenders for Canal craft to bind it together after each knot is clusters of rope which are a trademark now are made. made. In the past, the core had been of tugs, launches, and other harbor craft Establishment of the shop was part built up like a big ball of snow—by rol- arc carried as a kind of protective of the recent consolidation of all launch ling it on the floor to make the old pieces bumper foi' the frequent contacts which repair facilities in the hidustrial Divi- of rope wind around the center length. the vessel has with large ships and piers. sion. Previously, fenders were made In the Cristobal shop, thanks to one of Few ever give a second thought to these when and where they were needed, by Rigger Danaher's innovations, the center bimdles of rope, however, unless it is crews maintained at each of the oper- length of rope is stretched taut on a to wonder why one is never seen which ating divisions. motor-driven device resembling a lathe. isn't frayed. The new, consolidated shop has two The center length is rotated by the Like many things which are taken for major advantages over the previous motor while the old pieces of rope are

granted, however, there is more to these method. It assines that the work will be wound onto it. Normally, old rope is "rope fenders," as they are called, than done uniformly by a well trained work used to form the fender core.

the impression received in a casual force. It also makes it feasible to use a In the second step, the knot-tying glance. For one thing, they are not just maximum of mechanical aids rather process, past practice had been for two masses of old rope knotted together to than doing all the work by hand. men to form the knots and pull them form a haphazard bundle. For another First Class Rigger John Danaher, tight, while a third man trotted back thing, their shaggy, frayed appearance who laid out the plan for the shop under and forth with the long end of the rope,

is deliberate and useful, not the result direction of H. E. Clarke, Jr., Chief first pulling it away from the fender to of wear. Foreman Rigger, drew on his ingenuity straighten it out and then returning it The well-made rope fender—and con- and experience in the field to devise so the ne.xt knot could be tied. siderable care does go into their making several mechanical innovations to speed But a second innovation by the inven- —not only is a highly useful and ver- the work, particularly the most time- tive Mr. Danaher has speeded this

satile object, but also is somewhat a consuming parts of it. process. Now the pulling away and re- work of art, roughly resembling a gi- One of these devices eliminates the turn are done semi-automatieally by a gantic crochet or knitting job. Just as need for employees who formerly were motor-operated dragline which first knit one, purl two, is the key to knitting, needed to help in tying all those knots pulls the rope taut after a knot has been half-hitch knots are the key to making on a big fender. Another ended the tied, then returns the loose end to the rope fenders. former practice of rolling the fender to workmen so the next knot can be With a 16-foot long bow fender for and fro on the floor or on sawhorses as fashioned. a tug weighing as much as 2,500 pounds the core was formed with old rope and Once the enveloping network of knots and held together by .3,000 or more the encasing network of knots were tied. has been completed, the two ends of knots, it is understandable why the job Two of the most troublesome and the fender are fastened to separate of making them gradually has been time-consuming factors in this process cables on a railroad crane, the center is shifted from busy ship crewmen to dry- are the accurate forming of the core and tied to the bed of the crane and the

12 November 4, 1960 Swan Stewart, fender-niaker-in-training, tapers the "whiskers" on a rubbing fender so they can be braided into final shape.

Denny, left, and Juan Melgarejo, Jr., tie one of the half-hitch knots which make up fender's cover.

crane then hoists away, bending the wheel and a handle to the wheel itself. fender into the desired shape in the One of the resulting devices is fas- process. Once the bending is completed, tened to the wall of the shop and a piece the two ends of the fender are lashed of rope is fastened to the hook. The together with a chain jack to hold them otlier three devices are cli\ided among in place imtil the fender is fitted to the the three strands of the rope, with one bou' of a tugboat. man holding two of them and the re- The fender is ready, yes, but its maining one attached to a post. When blanket isn't. It's this blanket, or mat, the man starts pulling, all the hooks— which gives big, bow tenders that and the axles on which they are fas- frayed appearance. The mat is a woven tened—start spinning like whirling deni- sheet of individual "lays," or strands, shes and in five minutes the length of which have been imwoimd from what rope is split into three neat, straight once was a regular, three-strand rope, strands. 'The same task formerly re- then put back together in a different quired 4.5 minutes. form to make the mat, which is placed While the making of large, bow fend- o\er the knotted cover of the fender to ers is about half of the shop's work, there

protect it against unnecessaiT wear. is a continuous requirement for side- A "nap" is knotted into this mat, but and quarter-fenders for both launches is left unwoven, the strands simply and tugs. These also are turned out in being permitted to bail off into space. production-line style, using jigs and fbc- Each of the strands is made up of hun- tures. dreds of somewhat looselv twisted ma- In recent vears, rubber fenders ha\e nila fibers, which soon separate when gained considerable acceptance in the the strand is not wound into a rope, thus shipping world, especiallv on the bows forming the well-soaked beards nor- of tugs, but there is a feeling among old- mallv seen drooping from bow fenders. timers that a well made rope fender is Separation of the rope into strands more versatile in the var\ing situations for use in making these blankets led to in which tugs become in\ohed. bias- another of the simple but effective much as the mechanical innovations devices with which Rigger Danaher has now being used in the Cristobal fender equipped the shop. shop are helping to keep rope compe-

The job now is accomplished with titive, it looks as though rope fenders, the aid of the wheels from a discarded with shagg\' beards and all, will con- roller skate. Rigger Danaher fastened a tiTiue to be used on Canal craft for manv .\ fender on a bender gets the cur\e which hook to one end of the a.xle of each \ears to come. will characterize it when on bow of a tug.

The P.\x.\m.\ C.'Vxal Review 13 Service

The Administr.\tive Br.\nch is pri- marib' a service organization w hich per- forms a variety of ser\ices for the various units of the Company-Government. Under the supervision of 21-year Canal

\eteran H. I. Perantie, the Branch op- erates a wide range of specialized serv- ice units. These units of the Branch include a printing plant, a photographic studio and laborator)-, a mail and messenger sei-vice in the Administration Building, a central file system, a tra\'el and tran- sportation service for employees, a records management section, which in- cludes the agencv records center, and a di\ersified section that pro\ides trans- lating, interpreting, preparation of Harold 1. Perantie, Chief of the Administrative Branch, confers with Gerard Schear. correspondence, shorthand reporting, t\-ping, and related services. Of the six formal Sections which The Men At The Top make up the Branch, the General Sen- ices Section headed by Harold L. An- derson probably is the least understood. Harold I. Perantie, Chief of the Adminis- Director for Selective Service in the It is this section which provides of- trati\e Branch and Agency Records Zone and a member of the Executive ficial translating, interpreting, shorthand Committee of the Zone chapter of Officer since February 1954, was born reporting, and the related senices men- in Duluth, Minn., on 22, American Red Cross, he lives in January tioned earlier. Some of its miscellaneous 1908. He came to the Canal Zone as Balboa. an employee in the former Executive Harold L. Anderson, Chief of the Gen- Department in October 1939. Deputy eral Ser\ices Section since October Record Bureau in 1929. He now lives 19.56, was born in Springfield, Mo., in Ancon. on April 16, 1917. He became an em- Charles K. Cross, Chief of the Commu- ployee of the Canal organization's nications and Records Section since former Correspondence Bureau in March 1960, was born Januaiy 21, 1940. He lives in Balboa. 1903, in Baltimore, Md. He came to William D. Hardie, Chief of the Records the Zone on vacation in 1922 and re- Management Section since the fall of turned the following \ ear to take a job 1957, was born in Grafton, W. Va., with the Electrical Di\'ision, moving on November 28, 190.3. He came to to the former Record Bureau in July tlie Zone as an employee of the former 1924. He now lives in La Boca.

' ^ I LL>

Harold L. Anderson William D. Hardie C. K. Cross

14 November 4, 1960 The Administrative Branch pro- Is Their Business vides many functions in a routine day to help keep the Company- Government operating smoothly.

functions arc to serve the public in heads the Records Management Section, Center operated by the Branch provides general, rather than employees only. For which, in his words, is concerned with storage space for non-current records of example, a Canal Zone )outh of draft "controlling the ever-increasing bulk of the Company-Government, thus releas- age has occasion to \isit this Section to paper produced by the organization." ing valuable office space and equipment register with Mrs. C. L. McAmis, who Every record of the Company-Gov- for current records. In connection with performs the functions of local board ernment has three phases in its life this disposition of records, a more com- clerk for both the Atlantic and Pacific where controls may be applied. First prehensive schedule for temporary stor- Area Selecti\e Service Boards. Appli- phase is in the production and design of age, destruction, or permanent retention cants for U.S. immigration visas come forms which eventually will become of records now is being prepared by the to the Section to seek the assistance of records. The second phase is in the use Section headed by Mr. Hardie. Louis Poletti in applving for the visas. of records, where the Section offers ^Laintenance of the central records And starting earlv in December, the standardized procedures and, when s\stem for the Companv-Government desk of Mrs. Fannie Sosa is likely to be asked to do so, conducts files and systems does not come within the province of swamped bv parents wanting Canal analvses. Mr. Hardie, but is one of the duties Zone entrv permits for children coming In this latter role, the Section recently assigned to the Communications and home from college for the holida)'S. prepared and installed a new file system Records Section, which is headed by In addition, this Section prepares a in the central files which are maintained Charles K. Cross. variety of permits, purchase authoriza- by the Communications and Records The Section headed by Mr. Cross not tions, and various certificates, as well as Section. The new system, developed only maintains the central records sys- staff work in the preparation of reports, principally by George H. Logan, re- tem, but also performs a number of other recommendations or correspondence on duces the number of subject classifica- services, including general messenger projects assigned b\ the Executi\e Sec- tions from more than 10,000 to slightly service in the Administration Building retary's office or bv the Chief of the Ad- less than 1,000, presents subjects in a and the receiving and dispatching of all ministrative Branch. more logical order, and is expected to official mail and messages. It also ar- In addition to serving as Chief of reduce the time required to train a ranges for the publication and distribu- the Branch, Mr. Perantie also is official skilU'd file clerk by at least one-half. tion of official circulars and reports and Agency Records Officer for the Com- The third phase in the life of a record maintains a vault for the storage of en- pany-Government. \\'iniani D. Hardie is disposition of it. The Agency Records gineering drawings and certain other

George Vieto, Chief of the Transporta- John B. Coffey, Superintendent of the William E. Burns, Chief of the Photo- tion Section and Panama Line Pas- Printing Plant since January 1960, graphic Section since May 1960, was senger Agent since June 19.59, was was born in Jersey City, N.J., on bom in Abilene, Tex., on June 18, born Januarv 9, 1 92 1 in Costa Rica Februarv 7, 1908. He was brought to 1927. He came to the Canal Zone in and joined the Canal as an employee the Zone by his parents in 1910 and 19.52 as a photographer with the Inter of the Panama Railroad in Julv 1944. took his first job with the Canal, as a American Geodetic Survey teain and Mr. \'ieto, who now is serving as De- vacation messenger bov in the Mount went to work for the Canal organiza- partment Commander of the Panama Hope Printing Plant, in 1920. Ex- tion in the Panama Canal Informa- Canal Zone American Legion, lives Commodore of the Panama Canal tion Office in December 1959. He in Ancon. Yacht Club, he lives in Margarita. lives in Panama.

George Vieto John B. Coffey William E. Bums

The Panama Canal Review 15 tains facilities for preserving all official

negatives and pictures. It is this Section which provides virtually all of the photo- graphs which appear in the pages of

The Panama Canal Review, while it is the Printing Plant which prints the magazine. One of the projects currently being worked on by the Photographic Section, in addition to its regular duties, involves the preservation of a photographic re- cord of the Canal dating from construc- tion days which now is preserved on an estimated 16,500 glass plate negatives stored in the basement of the Adminis- tration Building. Mr. Burns and his staff in the Photographic Section now are in the process of transferring the images recorded on the aging glass negatives to other negative material and making prints of all the pictures. At the present time, the Printing Plant headed by Mr. Coffey actually consists of two separate units, one at Mount Hope and the other a duplicating unit in the Administration Building at This new lecoids storage center on Diablo Road, is more spacious than the former center. Balboa Heights. The main plant at Mount Hope is scheduled to be moved to the Pacific side of the Isthmus and records of tlie Company-Government. cabins and berths on the ships. Official consolidated with the Balboa Heights The central records system maintained passes for the Panama Railroad also are shops in a new location in La Boca in issued by the Section, and cards author- by the Section is a vital factor in carrying about 2 years. The necessity for the izing departure from the Zone via Tocu- on the business of the Canal organiza- move is tied in with plans for greater Airport obtained there. tion. The background of virtually every men may be conversion to the offset printing process problem which any segment of the or- The two remaining Sections in the and the fact that most of the Mount ganization ever has faced can be found Administrative Branch are the Photo- Hope unit's workload originates on the in these records. For example, if you graphic Section, headed by William E. Pacific side of the Isthmus. want to know what past practice has Burns, who succeeded Clyde S. LaClair As can be seen from this rundown on been in naming floating craft of the after his retirement about si.\ months the various services provided by the Ad- Canal organization, or information on ago, and the Printing Plant, managed ministrative Branch, many units of the Per- Superintendent B. Coffey. the times that the late Gen. John J. by John Company-Government which are not shing visited the Isthmus and the pur- The Section headed by Mr. Burns per- part of the Branch would find their func- poses of his visits, or any of thousands forms all official photographic work for tions much more difficult to achieve if of other topics, chances are good that the Company-Government and main- these services were not readily available. the central records imit can supply the information. Another Section of the Branch, and one with which every Stateside em- ployee hired for Canal service has an early contact, is the Transportation Section, headed by George Vieto. This Section arranges official travel of Com- pany-Government employees and their families. Personnel of this Section not onlv handle travel arrangements for per- sonnel, but also arrange for the trans- portation of household goods of em- ployees in connection with recruitment, leave, official duty, and repatiiation, re- gardless of the means of travel. Through an intimate knowledge of air, land, and sea schedules and their close working relationships with the carriers. Transportation Section em- ployees ease the travel problems faced by employees. The Section also performs the function of passenger ticket agency This scene of the mail unit in the Administration Building shows five of the personnel em- for the Panama Line in the Canal Zone, ployed there, including Edward Jones, wearing tie, who supervises the unit. Others .shown, selling and issuing tickets and assigning from left, are V. E. Johnson, Fred Pond James Howell, seated, and Henry Thousand.

16 November 4, 1960 New Clinic Going Up

About the time that 1961 becomes a reality, patients seeking clinical out- patient senices at Coco Solo Hospital will find themselves in a completely air- conditioned addition now moving rap- idly toward completion.

Construction of the $144,.300 out- patient clinic is another step in the cur- rent Canal Zone hospital modernization program. The program at Coco Solo also will include remodeling part of the existing hospital, where the emergency room and laboratories will be located.

The new building, constructed of ter- racotta block made in Panama by Clayco, incorporates the latest ideas in hospital design and will be divided into a number of separate rooms. It will in- clude a main waiting room adjoining the offices of the physicians and several smaller waiting rooms for the various clinics housed in it, such as eve, ear, nose and throat, chest, medical, and X-ray, as well as the blood bank, which now is part of the hospital's laboratory.

E. O. Hauke of Colon is Lt. Col. Ralph E. Conant, right. Superintendent of Coco Solo Hospital, and David C. contractor Mcllhenny, Administrative Officer, examine plans for out-patient clinic rising behind them. for construction of the new clinic.

the juniors surveyed, only 16 percent of Auto se.\t belts and redesigned door the top students owned cars, while 42 latches ha-.-e been two of the major Cars percent in the failing group owned some Of dexelopmcnts in recent years which are kind of automobile. When extensive use aimed at reducing traffic accident inju- of a car was permitted during the week, ries, according to John O. Moore, Di- those who went out e\'er\' night were And rector of Cornell University's automo- more likely to be failing in their studies, ti\e-crash injury studv in a ratio of 20 to 1. On the other hand, program. when car usage was restricted to Satur- Mr. Moore said that studies of acci- Grades dav and Sunday, there was no adverse dents since 1956 show that the injury effect, the survey showing that a great rate involving cars with seat belts is 60 h.^ve been arguments, in this There many percentage of top students was percent less than in cars without seat both pro and con, about teenagers group. belts. think the\' should be dri\ing cars. Some Although no information is available Mr. Moore also pointed out that con- permitted to drive \\ ith little restriction, on the subject of automobiles and stu- shouldn't be permitted siderable action still is necessary to re- others think they dents in Canal Zone schools. Dean Roger still third group duce the number of crippling injuries to dri\e at all and a C. Hackett of the Canal Zone Junior thinks there should be a compromise to from automobile accidents. There now College now is in the process of making drive very re- permit them to under such a studv. Results are expected the are about 50 million such injuries per stricted conditions. latter part of February. vear in the United States. The safety aspect of the problem is pretty well understood by both parents and insurance companies, but a recent P—ACCIDENTS. .Allstate Insurance Com- survey by the FOR pany focused attention on a part of the problem which generally is overlooked. THIS MONTH The sur\e\, which included 20,000 high school jimiors and seniors, showed AND that the grades of teenage students who dri\'e cars usualK' are lower than those THIS YEAR of students without cars. The details of the sui"vev might help Canal Zone FIRST AID DISABLING DAYS parents decide whether or not to let their SEPTEMBER CASES INJURIES LOST children dri\e or own a car. •so "59 •60 •SS •60 '59 Car ownership had more effect on ALL. 213 187 9 13 173 214 grades than permission to use the family UNITS automobile, according to the sur\ev. Of YEAR TO DATE 2213 2039 102 100 14114 9055

The P.\nama C.\.\al RE^^EW 17 ANNIVERSARIES (On the basis of total Federal Service)

SUPPLY AND COMMUNITY CIVIL AFFAIRS BUREAU SERVICE BUREAU Roger C. Hackett CIVIL AFFAIRS BUREAU HEALTH BUREAU Harold E. Graham Junior College Dean Helper Optieal Worker Harry H. Com Percy M. Greenidge Edwin N. Ellis Kenneth VV. Vinton Instructor at Junior College Foreman, Mailing Division Nursing Assistant Laborer Cleaner Augustus A. Nelson G. C. Lockridge Kitchen Atteudaut ,__^__ Supervisor, Physical Education /n and Atldetics^ii ENGINEERING AND CON- TRANSPORTATION AND Elmer Hack ^V STRUCTION BUREAU MARINE BUREAU TERMINALS BUREAU, J. Clerical Assistai^ l\lice Edgar W. Best Romang AHjhbold David Bonaparte Division I Timekeeper Leader^aj^nl Carpenter Alfred S. Spence Helper Automotive Macjfini/ ENGINEERINCANDENGINEERING^AN CON- MARINE BUREAU TRUCTION BUREAU AND COSmifNfrY Benjamin Y. Denny Kenneth George SERVICE BUREAU Fireman Cyril Fairclough Painter Cecilia Crocker Rope and \\'ire Cable Worker Carlos H. Castillo Laundry Cliecker James R. Shurland Machine Operator Launch Operator Stanley T. Spence Percival G. Piggott Clerk Maintenanceman

ADMINISTRATIVE BRANCH William C. Harrell Antonio A. Aguirre Ida E. Lvnch Ship Maintenance Mechanic W inchman Clerk Cirilo Alexander Charles S. Mahnsbury Florentine Pedroza C. S. Cadienhead Duplicating Unit Supervisor Meteorological Aid Helper Lock Operator Utility Worker _ Louis Bryan Wilfred A. Campbell Gladstone N. Lewis CIVIL AFFAIRS BUREAU Laborer Cleaner Deckhand Washnian Henry E. Argue Theophilus L. Bowen Marino Ortega Carlos A. Smith Police Sergeant Winchnian Laborer Supervisory Clerk-Typist Edward W. Isaacs Lloyd K. Wheatley Carlos Ospino Julian Gil Contraband Control Inspector Helper Telephone Electrician Painter Laborer Swafford Alipio Galvan Arnold R. Bjomeby Delmas A. Electrician PERSONNEL BUREAU Milker Police Private Lead Foreman Lineman Marie L. Beresford Percival B. Scott George Moreno Anastasio Ayarza J. Clerk Firefighter Employment Suitability Laborer Canute A. Rodney Assistant TRANSPORTATION AND Laborer Cleaner TERMINALS BUREAU HEALTH BUREAU SUPPLY AND COMMUNITY Adolphus L. Jordan OFFICE THE COMP- Olive E. Hardie SERVICE BUREAU OF Staff Nurse High Lift Truck Operator TROLLER Mildred Kopf Enid L. dc Holder Victor M. Iglesias Truck Driver Arthur Wynne Super\'is<)ry Physi Ketail Store Sales Checker J. Frederick A. Jordan Supervisory Accountant Clifford Francis Mary K. Ferguson Clerk Stockman Elsie N. Smith Isaiah Brown Herman V. Cameron Accountant Chauffeur Truck Driver Gladys V. Notice, Icibe Clarendon Griffith ENGINEERING AND CON- Baker Counter Attendaij Truck Driver "^ STRUCTION BUREAU Joseph N. Reid Lawrence Ajlito' Christopher C. Layne Cook Laborer Cleaner Truck Driver Charles Connor J. W. Gallimore Pedro L. Lara Jorge A. Castellanos Dipper Dredge Mate Formula Room Attendant Laborer Clerk Checker Rubelio D. Quintero Isabella L. Wright Marcelino Maclao Garfield Brown Supervisory Electrical Baker Laborer High Lift Truck Operator Engineer Jose A. Muiioz T. E. Russell Reginald A. Muir MARINE BUREAU Cook Truck Driver Maintenanceman Edward N. Belland Lena Brathwaite Harry William Vivian J. Roberts Admeasurer Sales Clerk Helper Machinist Helper Electrician Jose L. Cedeiio Edna I. Flemmings Courtney W. Thomas Paul E. Ackerman Seaman Sales Clerk Truck Driver Electrician J. M. Vandergrift Valentin Arias Alberto Stewart Eloy Lozano Lead Foreman, Lock Warehouseman Truck Driver Painter Operations Harold D. Spencer Abraham H. Ambulo Braulio Perez Fred F. Schwartz Stock Control Clerk Helper Automotive Mechanic Transmission Lines Lead Foreman, Lock Avis B. Ramirez George A. Douglas Maintenanceman Operations Warelioiisemaii Brakeman Richard F. Daniel Victorino Garcia Ina M. McFarlane Philip A. Dunmoodie Water System Controlman Helper Lock Operator Sales Clerk Truck Driver

18 November 4, 1960 PROMOTIONS AND TRANSFERS

September 75 through October 15

Employees who were promoted or Ernest Stephenson, from High Lift Truck SUPPLY AND COMMUNITY transferred between September 15 and Operator, Terminals Division, to Helper SERVICE BUREAU Painter. October 15 are listed below. Within- Community Services Division Isidro Castillo, from Dock Worker, Ter- Mrs. Amelia Paddy, to Housekeeping As- grade promotions and job reclassifica- minals Di\ision, to Laborer. sistant. listed. Orlando tions are not James, Francisco Peiialosa, Casi- Inocencio Torrero G., Laborer, from Main- miro ADMINISTRATIVE BRANCH Lozano, to Heavy Laborer. tenance Division. Aniceto Jimenez, to Heavy Laborer, Water Supply Division Mrs. Florence Derrer, from Clerk-Typist, and Laboratories Branch. Division of Schools, to Clerk-Stenogra- Varona U. Allen, to Sales Clerk. pher. HEALTH BUREAU Arturo Smith, to Laborer Cleaner. Gorgas Hospital CIVIL AFFAIRS BUREAU TRANSPORTATION AND TERMINALS Mrs. Arilla H. Kourany, to Clerk-Dictating BUREAU Jasper L. Long, to Assistant Foreman, Mail- Machine Transcriber. Motor Transportation Division ing Division. Mrs. Ida E. Morris, to Stock Control Clerk. Mrs. Rena L. Givens, Clerk Stenographer, Division of Schools Mrs. Bessie L. Heilman, to Clerical As- from Personnel Bureau. sistant. Mrs. Emily R. Conklin, Mrs. Mildred S. Leo Chandler, to Truck Driver. Celedonio Vergara, to Cook. Rowe, to Elementary and Secondary Terminals Division School Teacher. Ricardo Henry, Laborer, from Locks Divi- Dolph E. Pascascio, to Mrs. Helen E. Lyons, to Kindergarten As- sion. Lead Foreman Ship Cargo Operations. sistant. Leonidas Alveo, Vicente Espinosa, to Ralph Anderson, to Lead Juan Phillips, to Junior High Teacher, Latin Heavy Laborer. Foreman High Lift Truck Operator. American Schools. Coco Solo Hospital Edward Atherton, Josine D. Choy, Clerk-Stenographer, from J. to Cargo Clerk. Franklin R. Samuels, to Freight Canal Zone Employment Office. Miss Rae F. Flicker, to Director of Nursing. Rate As- Mrs. Ruth R. Beck, sistant. OFFICE OF THE COMPTROLLER to Statistical Clerk. MARINE BUREAU Arturo E. Arriaga S., to Laborer. Mrs. Jolie A. Seeley, from Clerk-Stenogra- OTHER PROMOTIONS pher, Office of Director, Engineering and Industrial Division Promotions which did not involve Rates Construction Bureau, to Account- Franklin S. Ford, from Stock Control Clerk, changes of title follow: ing Clerk, Budget and Rates Division. Supply Division, to Clerk. Raimundo Dixon, to Bookkeeping Machine Anthony Williams, to Paint and Varnish Arthur L. Endicott, Finance Branch Super- Operator, Accounting Division. Maker. intendent, Postal Division. Kathleen M. ENGINEERING AND CONSTRUCTION Juan Melgarejo, Jr., to Maintenancenian. McGuigan, Administrative BUREAU Nathaniel A. Daley, to Foundry Chipper. Services Officer, Office of the Comp- Tomas E. Obeso, from Laborer, Community troller. Contract Inspection Division and Services Division, to Helper Boilermaker. Mrs. Faye C. Minton, Administrative Serv- Joseph E. Flynn, to Supervisory Construc- ices Officer, Office of the Director, En- Locks Division tion Inspector. gineering and Construction Bureau. Bruce Richard J. Mahoney, to Superxisory Con- M. Morrow, from Machinist, Rail- Mrs. Nell W. Self, Mrs. Maxine C. Fitz- struction Representative. road Division, to Lock Operator Ma- gerald, Staff Nurse, Gorgas Hospital. chinist. Engineering Division Mrs. Cybele I. Koontz, Clerk-Typist, Di- Baldur Norman, Walter D. Roger M. Howe, to Supervisory General Johnston, to vision of Preventive Medicine and Quar- Lead Engineer. Foreman Carpenter. antine. Robert M. Merrill, to Lock Operator Ma- Mrs. Armenia Y. De Ucros, Clerk-Dicta- Dredging Division chinist. ting Machine Transcriber, Gorgas Hos- Harry P. DePiper, to Dipper Dredge En- Robert L. Austin, to Tour Leader Inter- pital. gineer. preter. Mrs. Gladys B. Humphrey, Time and Leave Charles L. Miller, to Dipper Dredge Mate. Frank J. Stewart, from Truck Driver, Mo- Supervisor, Locks Division. Harry W. Gardner, Engineman, from Locks tor Tran.sportation Division, to Towing Janice A. Dreitlein, Clerk-Typist, Account- Division. Locomotive Operator. ing Division. Pedro Smith, to Boatman. Jorge Morales, to Leader Boatman. David Rosenblatt, General Engineer (Es- Vicente A. Smith, to Launch Operator. Robert A. Christie, John J. Christopher, to timates) Engineering Division. Hclner Lock Operator. Joseph Corrigan, Electrical Division M. Sanitation Inspector, Gerald Burkett, from Quarryman, Mainte- Division of Sanitation. William L. Bingham, to Chief, Power Plant nance Division, to Laborer. Vem H. Christoph, Admeasurer, Naviga- (H\dro-Gatun). George A. Thomas, to Truck Driver. tion Division. Reginald A. James, to Truck Driver. Luis E. Rodriguez, Laborer, from Com- Carl H. Thomas, Cargo Clerk, Terminals Maintenance Division munity Services Division, Division. Ashton M. Russell, from Deckhand, Navi- Canute S. Cockburn, Supervisory Cargo gation Division, to Helper Navigation Division Refrigeration Clerk, Terminals Division. and .\ir Conditioning Mechanic. William E. Johnson, from Dipper Dredge Leonard N. Martin, Guard Supervisor, Alfred A. Moran, to Guard. Engineer, Dredging Division, to Chief Locks Securit\- Branch. Benjamin Waterman, J. to Mobile Equip- Tou'boat or P'crrv- Engineer. Clarence E. Rienks, Apprentice ment Mechanic. Machinist, Alfred E. Ferdinand, to Leader Seaman. Industrial Division. Wenceslao Gomez, to Work Order Clerk. Richard Holmes, to Seaman. Robert G. Laatz, Jr., Apprentice .\rmature Samuel E. Foster, Alexander Joseph E., Lanson T. May, from Oiler, Terminals Di- Winder, Electrical Division. Teodoro Nuiiez, and Epifanio Hernan- vision, to Floating Plant Oiler. William L. Bennett, Apprentice Electrician, dez M., to Quarr\man. Electrical Division. George A. Foster, from Laborer, PERSONNEL BUREAU Commu- Enririue Castillo M., Engineering Drafts- nity Ser\ices Division, to Chauffeur. Florence Lao, from Staff Nurse, Gorgas man, Engineering Division. James L. Anderson, to Asphalt and Cement Hospital to Visiting Nurse, Employment Mateo Mitchell, Meter Repairman, \A'orker. Main- and Utilization Division. tenance Division.

The Panama Canal Review 19 CAMAl HISTORY

50 Years lieved them to be Ago Japanese. The Japa- border. Before it ended, the month of nese disclaimed all knowledge of November 1910. was Visitors' Month the November 19.59 had brought the most craft. in the Canal Zone. Top ranker was Pres- violent anti-American demonstrations The ident William H. Taft and others in- cpiestion of the Panama Railroad ever seen in the history of the unique, Steamship chided members of the House Appro- Line, long opposed by private close relationship between the United .steamship companies, States and priations Committee. On his fifth visit was taken up by Panama on the Isthmus. The to the Canal Zone, the President found the "An7uj and Navy Register," which rapidity with which the emotional scars stated in an left himself face-to-face with one of the most article that the Panama Line by the events of November 3 and serious labor problems to occur during was an essential link in the satisfactory 28 began to fade was a credit to the construction days. Skilled boilcrmakers. and economical operation of the Panama longstanding friendships among res- Canal. who had a.sked the President for more idents of the Isthmus, in the opinion of pay and longer leaves, declared they Construction of the new Balboa Dock many observers. would resign unless their demands were facilities, which were to cost almost a met. Although the President promised million dollars, was begun by the Canal to give the matter his attention, more Division, which was known as the Mun- than 100 of them refused to wait and icipal Division at the time. RETIREMENTS submitted their resignations. By the end of the month, only 11 of the original 122 10 Years Ago Retirement certificates were pre- boilcrmakers were .^till on the job. But Health authorities i;i both the sented at the end of October to the em- despite the labor dispute and despite Canal Zone and Panama were tvorried ployees listed below, with their birth- still another of the .slides which had been 10 years ago this month by a polio epi- places, positions, years of Canal service, occurring with increasing frequency for demic ichich .started in September and and future residence. several months, the President found that, increa.sed to alarming proportions. By Dionicio Arrocha, Gatim; Laborer, Com- in general, things were going well. In a the end of November 1950, a total of nninity Services Division; 15 years, 10 speech at Paraiso, he praised the Canal 59 polio cases had been diagno.sed on minitlis, 3 days; Panama. Hubert A. Barclay, Panama; Laborer, Elec- force for its efforts, adding "And it (the the isthmus since September I, icith 26 trical Division; 35 years, 6 months, 14 Canal) will to come be regarded, 1 hope, of them in Panama City, 15 from other da.vs; Panama. as a permanent evidence to the world parts of the Republic and 18 from the Claude E. Campbell, Virginia; Lead Fore- of the generous tvillingness of our coun- Zone. Competitive sports ivere halted in man, Maintenance Division; 28 years, 3 months, 23 days; Levittovvn, Pa. try to expend from her great national Panama for those under 16 years age, of Pascual A. Flores, Panama; Seaman, Dred- wealth hundreds of millions for the gen- uhile the Canal Zone Joint Medical and Kini; Division; 20 years, 7 montlis, 18 eral improvement of the world's trade." Advisory Committee announced that days; Panama. everything possible was being Miss Marguerite Flynn, North Dakota; After a 13,000-mile trip around South done to Time, Leave, Payroll Clerk, Office of the curb any further spread of the disease. America, the tug Mirafiores arrived in Comptroller; 20 years, 3 months, 26 days; Panama Bay just a few days short of Panama Foreign Minister Ricardo California. three months after she left her shipyards Brin retinned from Washington, D.C., John VV. Forrest, Texas. Machinist, Indus- trial Division; 18 years, 7 months, 18 at Wilmington, Del. All but three mem- to report that it was possible that double (lays; Arizona. bers of tlie original crew license plates, one for the Canal Zone deserted during Daniel A. Gordon, St. Vincent; Seaman, and for the \oyage, but the tug reached Balboa one Panama, might be eliminated Dredging Division; 45 years, 1 month, w ith a crew of 12, not counting her cap- for motor vehicles on the Isthmus during 29 days; Panama. Wilford tain and mate. the coming year. A. Lowe, Jamaica; Lock Operator Helper, Pacific Locks; 41 years, 7 Mrs. Eleanor Mcllhenny, later to be months, 19 days; Panama. 25 Years Ago Editor of The Review, but then star James Lynch, Barbados; Dock Worker, Ter- minals Division; 32 reporter on the English section of "The years, 5 months, 9 Heavy rains flooded the Isthmus 25 davs; Colon. Panama-American." was presented with i/cars ago this month. Although Novem- Ralph T. Mairs, Jamaica; Medical Tech- a Veterans of Foreign Wars Citizen.ship nician, Health Bureau; 36 years, 2 ber rainfall is usually the heaviest of the Medal and citation in recognition of her months, 14 days; Panama. year, the rains in Novr mbsr 19.35 caused efforts in promoting good citizenship Charles L. McDonald, Panama; Janitor, Di- (me of the ivor.it floods in Canal history vision of Schools; 13 through the press. years, 6 months, 1 and slides occurred in Caillard Cut, day; Panama. Leoncio Rodriguez, along the Panama Railroad line, and Panama; Helper, Locks One Year Ago Division; 40 years, 4 months, 21 days; along the highway leading to Madden While flag-decked carloads of Pan- Panama. Dam. On the Atlantic side a neiv rain- Albert N. Ruoff, amanians and groups on foot circulated Missouri; Diesel Operator, fall record icas reported and near the Electrical Division; 16 years, 9 months, freely through the Canal Zone, as they Panama town of Chepo, 100 people 1 day; Missouri. had done for many years in celebration Linford Siley, Jamaica; Guard, Navigation were marooned by flood tvaters. of the Republic's Independence Day, Di\ ision; 31 years, 2 months, 1 day; Panama. Mystery subs weie leported sighted unruly mobs, unrestrained in Panama, George A. Smith, Scotland; Lock Master, near the Galapagos Islands. Residents caused unfortunate disturbances at Pacific Locks; 23 years, 11 months, 14 of the area reported here that they be- several points along the Canal Zone days; Costa Rica.

20 November 4, 1960 Beauty In A Scrapyard

A patch of ground in danger of becoming a scrap collection Francis W. Hickey, wearing hat, takes a whiff of a flower from the garden plot at the scrapyard building in Diablo, while the been made into a two gardeners who planted the plot, Joseph Deiners and point has Sumner E. Ewing, watch. An unidentified wag erected the sign. flower garden by two Store-

house Branch officials.

Green thumbs are not among the To give the spot a name, someone Program. In 1948, while working in the items carried on the inventory lists with a waggish sense of liiniior made Balboa storehouse, he was presented of the Supply Division's Storehouse a sign reading "Joe's Periwinkle Farm" the highest cash award made up to that Branch, but there is some evidence that and staked it in the center of the flower time for an employee suggestion. His they should be. The mute l^ut eloquent garden. Maybe that's the reason so many approved proposal was that the Canal evidence is in the colorful flower garden gardeners have stopped and begged to adopt a slightly lower grade of grain outside the door of Building 42 on buy some plants, but to no avail. alcohol so it could be shipped to the Diablo Road. Although the plants in the small tract Isthmus at a considerably lower freight The garden, which has attracted the suffered some damage in the heavy rate. In 1957, a suggestion by Mr. attention of numerous motorists who windstorm several weeks ago, they Demers, which reduced transportation drive past the building, is the work of pro\'L'd their hardiness bv staging a mass expense in the Storehouse Branch, was Joseph L. H. Demers, Chief of Ware- comeback. rated the best suggestion of the year housing in the Storehouse Branch, and The two men primarily responsible and he received the annual award of an Sumner E. Ewing, Lumber Inspector for the flower garden have a number of 18-carat gold watch. In 1958, he re- in the Branch. things in common. Both originally came ceived a check for a suggestion which Originallv the plot of land outside the to the Isthmus with the U.S. Army and resulted in conservation of scrap steel. door of the building had only a few both of them left it to become em- Mr. Ewing, who comments that he tufts of grass growing on it and had all plovees of the Supply Division. has some soil in his blood, ha\ing been the earmarks of an eyesore-in-the- Mr. Demers, a native of Berlin, N.H., born and reared on a farm in Wayne making. But Messrs. Demers and Ewing was the first of the two to arrive here and Count%', Ohio, is one of the many ardent took a hand in the matter and created now has been on the Isthmus about 25 "rockhounds" among Isthmian residents. a spot of beauty. years. Mr. Ewing, a native of Creston, He collects rocks from the beaches and Mr. Demers furnished the flower Ohio, was a civilian employee of the rivers of the Isthmus, then uses his saws, seeds and both men worked on prepara- Army when he arrived here in 1941. tumblers, and other equipment to trans- tion of the garden plot. Emplovees of Mr. Demers was a member of the mil- form them into decorative items. He and Building 42, taking pride in the project, itary when he came here, but he dofted his wife, \\'ho also enjoys the hobby, pitched in to help with the weeding Army togs for civvies to join the Canal have made some jew elry, he notes, "but until the voung plants took hold. In organization as a storekeeper. Mr Ewing just for the fun of it." what seemed like no time at all, the switched from Army emplo\' to the The flower garden, too, was started door of the building opened onto a mass Canal about a year after arriving here. bv the two men "just for the fun of it." of color, with purple and white peri- During his sei-vice with the Canal But like anything of beauty, it has pro- winkles, huge flamboyant zinnias, and organization, Mr. Demers has distin- vided enjoyment not only for them, but delicate lady slippers all blooming in guished himself as a frequent recipient also for the hundreds of persons who the 10 by 1.5 foot plot. of awards in the Employee Suggestion have seen and admired it.

The Panama Canal Review 21 TRAFFIC MOVEMENT OVER MAIN TRADE ROUTES The following table shows the nvmiber of transits of large, commercial vessels (300 net tons or over) segregated into eight main trade routes:

First Quarter, Fiscal Year

United States Intercoastal

East Coast of U.S. and South America. . . East Coast of U.S. and Central America. East Coast of U.S. and Far East U.S. /Canada East Coast and Australasia. Europe and West Coast of U.S. /Canada. Europe and South America Europe and Australasia All other routes

Total traffic. CANAL TRANSITS — COMMERCIAL AND U. S. GOVERNMENT

Dutch Liner Calls

The 20,0(X)-gross ton air-condi- tioned, round-the-world liner Orcinje made her first trip through the Panama Canal October 30 on her \\ a\' from New Zealand to Southhampton, England. Carr\ ing approximateh' 8.50 passengers, the Xedcrland Llo\d \essel docked in Balboa at noon October 29 and began the Canal transit northbound the fol- lowing day at 6 a.m. She berthed in Cristobal to take on bunkers and sailed at midnight October 30 for Miami, Ber- muda, and Southhampton. After leaving England, the ship will go to Amsterdam and begin another vo\age around the world by way of the Suez Canal and New^ Zealand. She is due to arrive here again February 3. The Orauje is being operated in conjunction with vessels of the Royal Rotterdam Lloyd Line and is expected to make two more visits here in 196L Agents for the line are C. B. Fen ton & Co.

New Moore McCormack Ship

The first of two fast cargo liners being built for Moore McCormack Line, Inc., by the Todd Shipyards Corp. in Los Angeles is scheduled to make her maiden voyage to the east coast of South America via the Panama Canal in Jan- uary 196L The vessel, the SS Mormac- cape, of 10,460 deadweight tons, is the first major ship to be constructed in the Los Angeles area since the war. It in- corporates man\- features speciallv de- signed for the operating conditions en- countered on her owners' many trading routes. She is 458 feet long and will accommodate 12 passengers. No infor- mation has been received by the United Fruit Company, local agent for the ship, as to which trade run the new vessel will be assigned.

Peruvian Cargo Service

The Corporacion Peruana de Va- pores, which has operated ships through the Canal ever since the waterway opened, recently inaugurated a regular independent monthly service from Gulf Ports to Callao, Matarani, and Arica, Chile. Ships making the run are the MS Tinnhcs and the MS Hotison. The Peruvian Line ships also operate up the West Coast of the United States. They are handled here by the Panama Canal Company. o H Shipping trends for the past several TRANSITS BY OCEAN-GOING Statistics for the quarter show that months indicate that traffic thiough the ships using the Panama Canal still are Panama Canal has reached a phitcan VESSELS IN SEPTEMBER increasing in size. During the month of possibly will level off in the months August the average ocean-going ship and 1959 1960 transiting immediately ahead. Commercial 823 847 the Canal was measured at Figures compiled by the Executive ^,763 Panama Canal net tons. This U. S. Government 8 14 Planning Staff of the Canal show that compares with an average of 5,403 net while traffic for the first quarter of the 'T"*'^' °^^ ^^^ tons for ocean-going ships transiting in current fiscal year is continuing on a TOLLS " August 1959. high level, some specific types of ships, Commercial .$3,830,969 $4,176,482 The average cargo load for ocean- such as tankers, decreased slightly in U. S. Covermnent. 32,252 46,397 going commercial vessels was 5,878 long comparison with the number using the '^'"' ^^'^ Total $3,863,221 $4,222,879 '' '°?^ ' ' . waterway diu-ing the similar period last ' * . moreT' "htlian"^"^h"''the average cargo loadTlof year. Ships in the categories of ore CARGO (long tons) 5,115 long tons in August 1959. carriers, banana vessels and general Commercial 4,33.5,716 4,844,190 The United States continued to hold cargo vessels remained at a high level, U. S. Government. 18,.351 35,445 first place in number of transits by ships although there was some change in the ^>''"g '*^ '''^ ^ver since ,^^8' F^^ '} Total 4,354,067 4,879,6.35 ^J"^ general movement of cargoes. the Canal was opened. Second place, Petroleum and petroleum products, •includes tolls on all vessels, ocean-going and small however. Went to Norway during the which are among the major commodities quarter, while Germany dropped to shipped through the Canal, were on a —^————————-^^ third place and British shipping, which level with the first quarter of last fiscal was slowed by a seaman's strike, ended Venezuela to the the quarter in fourth place. year. Crude oil from pended on the Canadian and U.S. West States This was an unusual West Coast of the United made Coast supply. position for average monthly "''t'^'i shipping through the Canal. up 20 percent of the Banana shipments, moving north- On mostly total. Nitrates and ore products, bound through the Canal from South ^'" annual basis. Great Britain was Chile Peru, increased during from and and Central American ports, fell off second only to the United States in use months, with Chilean and the last three slightly, with the last three-month totals "f the waterway from the time it opened ore in the lead. Peruvian iron behig under those of the similar period ""til fiscal year 1960, when it was nosed Virginia coal, loaded at Hamp- West last year. Bananas are shipped mainly to out b)- Germany, which sent 1,295 ships being brought south ton Roads, Va., was the East Coast of the United States and through, compared to 1,294 British Canal in large quantities, through the to Europe. ships. with 90 percent of it going to Japan. This was attributed to the continued demand by the growing Japanese heavy industry, which must import coal and coke for the manufacture of steel. Crain movements from the West OCEAN-GOING TRANSITS Coast of the United States and Canada fell off in the three-month period, pos- sibly because of competition from the St. Lawrence Seaway and the increas- ing movement of Russian wheat into countries in Eiuope which formerly de-

PANAMA LINE SAILINGS FROM CRISTOBAL

Cristobal November 1 Ancon November 12 Crisfobdl November 23 Ancon November 30 FROM NEW YORK Ancon November 4 Cristobal November 15 Ancon November 22 Cristobal December 2

3 1262 00041 5843

LATIN AMERICA

DATE DUE

u u t RETURNED

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