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The Values of Local Wisdom in East Belitung: Maras Taun As a Learning

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The Values of Local Wisdom in East Belitung: Maras Taun As a Learning Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 541 Proceedings of the 6th International Seminar on Science Education (ISSE 2020) The Values of Local Wisdom in East Belitung: Maras Taun as a Learning Source of Biodiversity and Character Development for High School Students Christine Juliana1*, Suhartini2, Haniah3, Peranciscus Aryanto3, and Andi Susanto4 1 Master of Biology Education, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Indonesia 2 Department of Biology Education, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Indonesia 3 Culture and Tourism Office of East Belitung 4 Lembaga Adat Melayu of East Belitung *Corresponding author. Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT East Belitung Regency has one of the local wisdom which is a tradition that is still being carried out for a long- ago called Maras Taun. This local wisdom is important to introduce to students as part of the learning process because it is close to daily life. This study aimed to know the values of local wisdom Maras Taun in East Belitung as a source of learning material on biodiversity and character development for high school students. Data were collected through field observations and interviews. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively using the analysis model, those are data collection, reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Primary data in this study was the value of local wisdom Maras Taun as a local wisdom in East Belitung to develop the character of students and analyze the biodiversity used in the event and its conservation efforts. The results showed that there were 12 values of character development from Maras Taun, those are religiousness, honesty, tolerance, discipline, hard-working, independence, democracy, curiosity, love homeland, communication, environment care, and responsibility. The results of the analysis of biodiversity used in Maras taun event can be used to assess the level of genetic diversity and species, along with challenges/threats and conservation efforts. Keywords: Local wisdom, Maras taun, Biodiversity, Character development 1. INTRODUCTION marine ecosystems, agroecosystem and production areas, and conservation. Biodiversity includes all life at the level of genes, plant species, animals, microorganisms, ecosystems, Local wisdom can be utilized as a learning and ecological processes [1]. Currently, biodiversity is resource and a base knowledge to innovate the biology threatened with extinction due to land conversion for learning process. Students can observe the crop and animal agriculture, fishing industry [2], and environment or use their knowledge to solve the climate change [3]. Therefore, all parties must problems in daily life that come from local wisdom, conserve biodiversity from the threat of extinction. conservation, natural resource preservation through Affording the conservation, there must be education [5]. This makes the biology learning process accompanied by the maintenance of traditional more meaningful so that the aim of learning or knowledge systems [4], among others, through local competencies can be achieved well [6]. wisdom. Besides, conservation can be carried out by Besides from learning materials, character managing Indonesia's biological wealth in a development is very important to be developed to sustainable manner which includes terrestrial and shape the character of the nation. Character Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Atlantis Press SARL. This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license -http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/. 30 Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 541 development can be done through the implementation 2. RESEARCH METHOD of local wisdom that exists in the region because it is a part of knowledge, a way of life, and a life strategy in This research uses a descriptive method. The the form of activities carried out by local communities subjects in this study were ten people in the province in fulfilling their needs [7]. Also, the value of local of East Belitung including the community, the head of wisdom can be a great force in building the national the East Belitung Malay Traditional Institute (LAM), character [8]. Cultural values and national character in teachers, and staff of the East Belitung Culture and Indonesia are rooted in religion, Pancasila, culture, Tourism Office, using purposive sampling. The and the goals of national education. In the world of objects of local wisdom analyzed are the character education, local wisdom can be linked with learning. values contained in the tradition of the celebration as According to [9] in [10] there are 18 cultural values well as the various types of biodiversity utilized in and national characters as follows: religious; honest; Maras Taun along with efforts to conserve biodiversity tolerance; discipline; hard work; creative; in East Belitung. Data were collected through field independent; democratic; curiosity; nationalism; love observations and interviews. The data obtained were the motherland; rewarding achievements; analyzed descriptively using the analysis model communicative, friendly or proactive; love peace; like according to [13], those are data collection, reduction, to read; social care; responsible. data presentation, and conclusion drawing. One of the local wisdom in East Belitung is Maras Taun, which is thought to have local wisdom values 3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION that are in accordance with the culture and character of The data of this research were obtained from the the nation such as religiousness, honesty, tolerance, results of interviews with the people of East Belitung discipline, hard-working, independence, democracy, who had been related to Maras Taun celebration curiosity, love homeland, communication, through observation and research documentation. The environment care, and responsibility. The researcher primary data in this study is the understanding of the wants to integrate this local wisdom with Biology East Belitung people about the character values because the tradition has character values and a lot of developed, the various types of biodiversity used in biodiversity, so that it can be used to study biodiversity Maras Taun celebration, and its conservation efforts. at the level of genes and species along with efforts to Maras taun is a harvest thanksgiving ceremony which conserve biodiversity. This culture has been passed is held once a year because most of the people make a down from generation to generation that is formed by living as farmers. interactions with the environment and communities. Once, people used various plants, animals, and According to Curriculum 2013, there are three core environments to celebrate ceremonies or traditions. competencies, such as the core competencies of One example of things that are passed on to the next attitudes, knowledge, and skills. Core Competencies generation is the use of firewood that is not arbitrary are designed in four interrelated groups, that is linked because there are several types of wood when it burned to spiritual attitudes (KI-1), social attitudes (KI-2), then the smoke can cause poisoning. In order to knowledge (KI-3), and skills (KI-4). The four groups conserve biodiversity, people will replant plants in the become a reference for basic competencies and must old kubok. According to [11] in [12], local wisdom is be developed in an integrative learning event. a policy that rests on a traditionally institutionalized Competence concerning religious attitudes and social philosophy, values, ethics, and behavior to manage attitudes is developed indirectly, namely when resources (natural, human, and cultural) sustainably. students learn about knowledge (KI-3) and skills (KI- 4). Attitude core competencies in the 2013 curriculum The author wants to know whether there is a are divided into two, namely spiritual attitudes (KI-1) coherence between the ceremonies in the and social attitudes (KI-2) [14]. Spiritual attitudes are implementation of Maras Taun, character values, and related to the formation of students who are faithful biodiversity which are used as learning resources and and pious, while social attitudes are related to the character development for high school students. formation of students who have noble, independent, Therefore, this paper aims to know the character democratic, and responsible morals [15]. Spiritual values contained in the local wisdom of East Belitung attitudes can provide understanding to distinguish Maras Taun for the character development of high something right or wrong based on faith and piety to school students and to analyze Maras Taun as a source God. Meanwhile, social attitudes concern community in learning biodiversity and its conservation efforts. life as a form of student interaction with nature, the school environment, and the surrounding environment [16]. 31 Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 541 3.1. Correlation Between Maras Taun and beings. Regarding Maras Taun, the role of a village Biodiversity shaman is needed when opening a field (ume). Ume is one of the artificial ecosystems formed by the people The implementation of Maras Taun has been in Belitung to produce food, especially rice. The around for a long time. This tradition is carried out by shaman will tell you the procedures because they are every village that has kedukunan. In this case, a also believed to preserve the forest which is
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