UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations
1-1-1994
The history of the public two year community college in the State of Nevada from 1977 to 1993
D Gause-Snelson University of Nevada, Las Vegas
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Repository Citation Gause-Snelson, D, "The history of the public two year community college in the State of Nevada from 1977 to 1993" (1994). UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations. 449. http://dx.doi.org/10.25669/w9hz-w4lz
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A Bell & Howell Informanon Com pany 300 North Zeeb Road. Ann Arbor. Ml 48106-1346 USA 313.'761-4700 800/521-0600
THE HISTORY OF THE PUBLIC TWO YEAR COMMUNITY COLLEGE IN THE STATE OF NEVADA FROM 1977 TO 1993
by
D. Gause-Snelson
A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
Doctor of Education
in
Educational Administration and Higher Education
Department of Educational Administration and Higher Education University of Nevada, Las Vegas
May 1995 UMI Number: 1374878
Copyright 1995 by Gause-Snelson, D. All rights reserved.
UMI Microform 1374878 Copyright 1995, by UMI Company. All rights reserved.
This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code.
UMI 300 North Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, MI 48103 ©1995 D. Gause-Snelson All Rights Reserved The Dissertation of D. Gause-Snelson for the degree of Doctor of Education in Educational Administration and Higher Education, is approved.
Chairperson, Dr. Anthony Saville, Ed.D.
______Examining Committeeee Member, Dr. George Kavina, Ed.D.
Examining Committee Member, Dr. Ter . Lyons, Ph.D
* J J m J S1 Graduate Faculty Representative, Dr. Isabelle P. Emerson, Ph.D.
Graduate Dean, Cheryl Bowles, Ed.D.
University of Nevada, Las Vegas May 1995 ABSTRACT
On May 26, 1789 in his first lecture as a history professor, Friedrich von Schiller stated "The world's history is the world's judgment." An institution’s history may well be the institution's judgment. Careful historical documentation of an institution provides data to determine the path of the institution, and to predict accurate trends. This information is vital to positively and accurately shape the future and growth of an institution. This study collected data pertaining to the four public two- year institutions in Nevada from 1977 to 1993. Five specific areas of concern were addressed. They were: governance, demographics, curriculum, finance, and facility and faculty growth. Data were collected from primary and secondary sources, and content analysis was applied to the data to analyze trends within the institutions. TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT...... iii
LISTOFTABLES...... viiii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...... x
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW...... 1 Introduction ...... 1 Statement of the Problem ...... 1 Significance of the Study ...... 2 Definition of Terms ...... 3 ConceptualBase ...... 6 Delimitations ...... 6 Methodology ...... 7 Organization and Structure ...... 8
CHAPTER 2 REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE...... 9 Development of the Community College in America ...... 9 Development of the California Community College System 13 Early History ...... 13 Conceptual Base for the Study ...... 17
CHAPTER 3 RESEARCHMETHODOLOGY...... 24 Primary and Secondary Sources ...... 24 Content Analysis...... 25
CHAPTER 4 GOVERNANCE...... 28 Introduction ...... 28 BoardofRegents ...... 29
i v Legislative Sessions ...... 31 13th Special Session ...... 31 LittleReport ...... 32 55thSession ...... 34 56thSession ...... 35 57thSession ...... 36 58thSession ...... 39 59thSession ...... 41 60thSession ...... 43 61stSession ...... 44 62ndSession ...... 46 63rdSession ...... 47 64thSession...... 48 65thSession...... 50 66thSession ...... 53 67thSession ...... 56 Nevada’s Political Composite ...... 61 13th Special Session ...... 61 55thSession ...... 62 56thSession ...... 62 57thSession ...... 62 58thSession ...... 63 59thSession ...... 63 60thSession ...... 63 14thSpecial Session ...... 64 61stSession ...... 64 62ndSession ...... 64 15th Special Session ...... 65 63rdSession ...... 65 64thSession ...... 65 65thSession ...... 66 16th Special Session ...... 66 66thSession ...... 66 Summary...... 69
v CHAPTER 5 DEMOGRAPHICS...... 70 Introduction ...... 70 Full Time Equivalent Enrollment ...... 71 Estimated Full Time Equivalent Enrollment ...... 71 Actual Full Time Enrollment ...... 74 HeadcountEnrollment ...... 75 Estimated Headcount Enrollment ...... 75 Actual Headcount Enrollment ...... 77 Enrollment Trends Analyzed ...... 80 State Population ...... 80 NationalTrend ...... 81 Summary...... 83
CHAPTER 6 CURRICULUM...... 85
CHAPTER 7 FINANCE...... 87 Introduction ...... 87 HistoryofFunding ...... 88 Estimated Operating Costs ...... 89 Actual Annual Operating Budgets ...... 93 Summary...... 95
CHAPTER 8 FACILITY AND FACULTY GROWTH ...... 96 FacilityGrowth ...... 96 CCSN...... 96 AreaofService ...... 96 Campuses ...... 97 Buildings ...... 97 WNCC...... 99 AreaofService ...... 99 Campuses ...... 99 Buildings ...... 100 TMCC...... 100 AreaofService ...... 100 Campuses ...... 101 Buildings ...... 101
vi NNCC...... 101 AreaofService ...... 101 Campuses ...... 102 Buildings ...... 102 Faculty...... 104 Summary...... 105
CHAPTER 9 SUMMARY, TRENDS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS FORFURTHERSTUDY...... 106 Summary...... 106 Trends ...... 107 Recommendations for Further Study ...... 109
APPENDIX I BOARD OF REGENTS, OFFICERS OF UNS 1977 -19 93 ...... 110
APPENDIX II LEGISLATION SUMMARY 1977-1993...... 118
APPENDIX III CURRICULUM SUMMARY...... 129 BIBUOGRAPHY...... 208 LIST OF TABLES
Table 1 Membership Board of Regents, Officers UNS 1977-1993 ..... 30 Table 2 Two Phases of Disbursement of Funds ...... 37 Table 3 Alternative I, High Estimate FTE Enrollment, Little Report ...... 72 Table 4 Alternative I, Low Estimate FTE Enrollment, Little Report ...... 72 Table 5 Alternative II, High Estimate FTE Enrollment, Little Report ...... 72 Table 6 Alternative II, Low Estimate FTE Enrollment, Little Report ...... 73 Table 7 Actual Full Time Equivalent Enrollment ...... 74 Table 8 Alternative I, High Estimate Headcount Enrollment, Little Report ...... 75 Table 9 Alternative I, Low Estimate Headcount Enrollment, Little Report ...... 76 Table 10 Alternative II, High Estimate Headcount Enrollment, Little Report ...... 76 Table 11 Alternative II, Low Estimate Headcount Enrollment, Little Report ...... 77 Table 1 2 Actual Student Headcount Enrollment ...... 78 Table 13 Nevada Population 1977-1990 ...... 80 Table 14 National Enrollment in Public Two-Year Colleges ...... 81 Table 15 Enrollment in Nevada's Public Two-Year Colleges ...... 82 Table 16 National and Nevada Population ...... 84 Table 17 Operating Costs Total FTE Students, Alternative I, Low Estimate, Little Report ...... 90 Table 18 Operating Costs Total FTE Students, Alternative II, High Estimate, Little Report ...... 90 Table 19 Operating Costs Total FTE Students, Averaged Estimate, LittleReport ...... 91 Table 20 Capital Costs Daytime Students, Alternative I, Low Estimate, Little Report ...... 91 Table 21 Capital Costs Daytime Students, Alternative II, High Estimate, Little Report ...... 91 Table 22 Capital Costs Daytime Students, Averaged Estimate, LittleReport ...... 91 Table 23 Average FTE Enrollment, Little Report ...... 92 Table 24 Total Cost per FTE Student, Little Report ...... 92 Table 25 Total Cost (in Thousands of Dollars), Little Report ...... 92 Table 26 Projected Operating Budgets, Education in Nevada ...... 93 Table 27 Actual Annual Operating Budgets ...... 94 Table 28 CCSN Buildings ...... 98 Table 29 WNCC Buildings ...... 100 Table 30 TMCC Faculty Positions ...... 101 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Recognition and thanks go to the members of my cohort group, including Ann Angulo, Bruce Daley, Carol Harrington, Lynn Herman, Holly Jaacks, Craig Kadlub, Jim LaBuda, Joan McGee, Rod Poindexter, and Paul Vigil. Also, many thanks go to my committee members Dr. George Kavina, Dr. Teresa Lyons, and Dr. Isabelle Emerson for their valuable input and knowledge. Special thanks goes to Dr. Tony Saviile, the chair of my committee, for his patience and expertise. Indeed, there were many others who were helpful to me while I was pursuing this project: wonderful professionals at the UNLV library, all those folks who patiently answered my questions about the history of the community colleges in Nevada, especially the people at Community College of Southern Nevada. Dr. Janice Reid, in particular, maintained an open door policy for help and advice; thanks, Dr. Reid! Thanks go also to my friends and to my students and coworkers at CCSN for being supportive and understanding through this entire process. A special thanks goes to my parents, and to my husband, Tom; thanks for always being there!
x CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW
Introduction
The concept of the community college was an American invention. It was generally recognized that the first community college in America was established in 1901 in Joliet, Illinois. Growth of this American creation continued, paralleling the westward expansion’s population movement. It was not until after the second world war that the community college became common. The state of Nevada was one of the last states to augment their higher education system by the addition of community colleges in 1967.
Statement of the Problem
The purpose of this study was to develop a written account of the history of the public two-year colleges in the state of Nevada, focused on the time period from 1977 to 1993. While the history of the public two-year community college in Nevada was, for a large
1 part, viewed as the history of the system, the areas of enrollment, finances, curriculum, governance, and physical/faculty growth were explored campus by campus to describe the individualities of each unit. The following questions served as a basis for the presentation of the data: 1. What was the general historical development of the community college system in Nevada from 1977 to 1993? 2. What were the historical trends of all the various campuses with respect to the following: Enrollm ent Finances Curriculum Governance Facility and faculty growth?
Significance of the study
Berger and Luckmann found understanding of an institution impossible without an understanding of the historical process in which it was produced. (Berger, Peter L., and Luckmann, Thomas The Social Construction of Reality New York, Doubleday 1967. quoted in 3 ‘The Adolescense of Social Theory’ W. Richard Scott, Administrative Science Quarterly 43 1987 495 December.) Therefore, the study and understanding of the historical development of the community college system in Nevada was vital to the understanding of the institution itself and a key to properly shaping its future.
Definition of terms
Community College of Southern Nevada (CCSN) Originally named Clark County Community College, founded in 1971. This institution, one of the three original community colleges in the University of Nevada System, was renamed in 1991. Its main campus is located in North Las Vegas. There is a campus in Henderson and one in Las Vegas. Western Nevada Community College (WNCC) This institution was one of the original three community colleges in the University of Nevada System, and was founded in 1971. There is a Carson Campus and a Fallon Campus. Truckee Meadows Community College (TMCC) This institution was originally the Washoe County center of Western Nevada Community College. Truckee Meadows Community College, located in the urban Reno-Sparks area, assumed its own identity in 1976. Northern Nevada Community College (NNCC) This institution was one of the original three community colleges in the University System. It was originally named Nevada Community College (1967), then Elko Community College (1969). In 1973, it was renamed Northern Nevada Community College. University of Nevada The University of Nevada was first established in Elko in 1873. The first building was completed in the summer of 1874; the first admission of students was begun on Monday, October 12, 1874, and on July 19, 1885, the Elko operation was terminated and moved to Reno in 1866. (Caserta, 1980). U niversity o f Nevada. Las Vegas (UNLV) This institution, originally named University of Nevada, Southern, was established in 1951. “The Las Vegas campus was established by the Regents in 1955 as a southern branch of the University of Nevada and moved to its own classroom/campus site in 1957. In 1965 the Legislature renamed that unit Nevada Southern University.” (Saville, 1979, p. 185.) University of Nevada. Reno (UNR) The original land grant institution for the state of Nevada. This institution began as a University Preparatory School at Elko in 1874. In 1885, this original state university campus was transferred to Reno. Full Time Equivalent (FTE) The total of credit hours of instruction the institution’s students have enrolled for divided by 15 (the number of credit hours which is considered “full time”). It was in the fall of 1978 when 15 was the number adopted for the full time definition for the purposes for computing FTE. Prior to the fall of 1978, FTE was computed by dividing by 16. This was a factor to consider when comparing FTE enrollment figures across time. Headcount The actual number of students enrolled in an institution, regardless of their part-time or full-time status. Board of Regents The nine member governing body of the University and Community College System. Certificate Programs Degrees granted by the community colleges in occupational areas with an emphasis on the skills and training needed to perform within that occupation. General education requirements are often limited. In the state of Nevada, the only general education course requirement in a certificate program is a course in communications. The skills of computations and human relations must be included in the curriculum of the degree, but may be embedded in curriculum, rather than exist as an independent course. “The Certificate of Achievement is designed to provide the skills necessary to enter a profession at a basic level.” (CCSN 1993-95 catalog) Associate Degree A two-year degree granted by the community colleges. These degrees may be either terminal or transfer. Articulation The agreement of transferability and acceptance of course work and/or programs between two institutions. Accreditation There are two types of accreditation: institutional accreditation and specialized (or program) accreditation. Institutional accreditation deals with the institution as a whole; program accreditation deals with a specific program within an institution. Accreditation is a membership in a recognized body of like institutions/programs once a self-study has been conducted by outside elected commissions, small professional staffs, volunteer consultants, and evaluation team members. Terminal degree A degree granted (often by a two-year college) which does not have a parallel degree of a higher standing.
Conceptual Base
Many justifications exist to study the past. Edward Carr, British historian, found history to be “an unending dialogue between the present and the past.” (Edward H. Carr What i_s History? (New York: Random House, 1967), p. 35.). Antiquarians, according to Borg and Gall (1989), studied history because of their intrigue with a certain historical time period. Kerlinger (1964) found historical research in education very important. “It is necessary to know and understand educational accomplishments and developments of the past in order to gain a perspective of present and possibly future directions.” (p. 698) It was with these statements in mind that this historical study was developed.
Delim itations
This study was limited to the historical development of the public two-year college in the state of Nevada from 1977 to 1993. Research had already documented the early history of the community college. The four institutions (Clark County Community College, Truckee Meadows Community College, Western Nevada Community College, and Northern Nevada Community College) were examined specifically in terms of enrollment growth (and not specific demographics within the enrollment), finances, curriculum, governance, and physical/faculty growth. For purposes of this study, the following abbreviations were used: Clark County Community College CCCC Community College of Southern Nevada CCSN Truckee Meadows Community College TMCC Western Nevada Community College WNCC Northern Nevada Community College NNCC
Methodology
This was historical research, and data were gathered from books, journals, periodicals, public documents, and interviews. The materials and information were from a variety of primary and secondary sources. Secondary sources included histories of the community college concept in America, histories of the state of Nevada, newspaper and journal articles, site selection studies, Academic Master Plans, the Little Report (Recommendations for Community College Education m the State of Nevada), budget reports, IPEDS surveys, and HEGIS surveys, which replaced the IPEDS surveys beginning with the 1986-1987 data collection cycle. 8 Primary sources included interviews with people with firsthand knowledge of the history of the community college in the state of Nevada. These sources included (but were not limited to) politicians, governors, regents, students, faculty, and administrators. Dr. Anthony Saville, Ruell Fiant, JoAnn Vuillamot, Dr. Janice Reid, Dr. Betty Scott, and Dr. Charles Greenhau agreed to participate in interviews for the collection of this historical material. In addition, Senate and Assembly Bills which led to the creation and formulation of the community college system were studied.
Organization and Structure
Chapter one presented an overview of the study including a statement of the problem, importance of the study, definition of terms, conceptual base, delimitations, and methodology used. Chapter two included Review of the Literature and Conceptual Base. Research Methodology was covered in chapter three. The committee recommended that each topic be developed by individual chapters; therefore, the following five chapters explored those topics. Chapter four examined the governance of the Nevada's community college. Student enrollment was studied in chapter five, and chapter six examined the curriculum. Finance was the topic of chapter seven, and facility and faculty growth was covered in chapter eight. Chapter nine presented the summary, trends, recommendations, and recommendations for further study. CHAPTER 2
REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
Development of the Community College in America
Historically, the term "education" has witnessed an evolutionary development and has in fact been a relatively new word. “Education of children was first mentioned in French in a document of 1498....In the English language the word education first appeared in 1530....In Spanish lands another century passed before the word and idea of education acquired som e currency.” (Illich, 1971, p.8) Early higher education in America was traced back to 1636 when John Harvard donated four hundred pounds, a 260 book library, and property to create an institution of learning whose primary purpose was to train religious personnel. The College of William and Mary was created som e 57 years later in 1693. Seven years later, in 1701, Elihu Yale donated money to the Collegiate School of Connecticut, and Yale was born. The following century saw the emergence of many great colleges and universities. Form and structure of higher education 9 10 also began to emerge. In 1818, Thomas Jefferson set up six objectives for higher education: 1. To educate leaders 2. To make fair and right laws 3. To foster agriculture, manufacturing, and commerce 4. To develop reasoning faculties and morals of youth 5. To educate youth in all areas 6. To form youth with good habits of reflections and correct action. In 1828, a Yale report attempted to establish the first two years of curriculum for national recognition. While this report still contained religions overtones, it was the first major report on curriculum. The Morrill Acts of 1872 and 1890 established publicly supported universities, “land grant institutions”, in every state. The University of Nevada System of higher education developed out of these acts. The American community college was viewed as an offshoot of American higher education. Educators in the mid-1850s including Henry Tappan, president of University of Michigan, William Mitchell, a University of Georgia Trustee, and William Fowler, president of the University of Minnesota, felt that a “junior college” should be created to relieve the university of the burden of providing general education classes. These educators felt that a true mission of higher education, research, could better be served when the institution was not responsible for these classes. 11 Similarly, o th er educators, William Raney Harper, University of Chicago, Edmund J. Jam es, University of Illinois, and David Starr Jordan, felt that the universities might be better suited for higher order scholarship if lower level schools provided students with general and vocational education similar to a 13th and 14th grade. While the exact reason for the formation of the early two-year colleges may be unclear, it was generally agreed that the first com m unity college in America was established in Joliet, Illinois, in 1901. Brint and Karabel (1989) created time periods in the growth of the American college as: Organizing a National Education Movement: 1900-1945, The Takeoff Period: 1946-1970, and The Great Transformation: 1970-1985. Goodwin (1971) delineated 1890-1920 as the era of establishment and organization for the community college; 1920- 1941 as an era dedicated to the development of terminal education in the community college system; the post World War II era being spent in an identity crisis. Tillery and Deegan (1985) defined four eras of development for the community college. 1910-1930, the early period, found the institution organized largely as an extension of the high school. 1930-1950, the second era, was characterized by organization within separate, local school districts. 1950-1970, the third era, saw state level coordination as a primary organization method. Beginning in 1970 or after, they found a shift toward institutional consolidation with increased state control and funding. 12 Nevada’s community college system began to evolve in the late 1960s and early1970s, during Brint and Karabel’s “Takeoff Period”. Early evolution of the Nevada community college system was discussed in depth in Caserta’s A History of the Community College Movement i n Nevada 1967-1977. In that work, a large focus was placed on the contribution of the individual to the development of the community colleges. Individuals specifically identified in Caserta’s work as important pioneers in the early community college movement included former senator Paul Laxalt, Howard Hughes, and Dr. Thomas T. Tucker. Caserta’s work ended in the middle of Brint and Karabel’s “Takeoff Period” with the following recommendation: The community colleges are urged to appoint a college historian or give some staff member or department the responsibility for compiling material for future reference, making certain the materials are properly dated and authorship shown, and give some staff member or department the responsibility for compiling materials for future reference, making certain the materials are properly dated and authorship shown, and that safekeeping of such material is assured. Undated and unreferenced material is difficult to validate; and material thrown into the trash can or taken away by a departing staff member is forever lost to future generations.... The present document can, in the future, become an instrument of comparison for what happens to the community college in the ensuing decades. (Caserta, 1980, pp. 179-180) 13
The Development of the California Community College System
Considered by many to be the model for community colleges, the development of the California community college system was worthy of study.
Early History
Alexis F. Lange, Dean of the School of Education at the University of California at Berkeley, and David Starr Jordan, President of Stanford University, began lobbying the California State Legislature in the 1890s to allow the high schools in California to teach college level courses. The efforts of these two men were successful. In 1907, the California Legislature passed a law stating the board of trustees of any city, district, union, joint union, or county high school may prescribe postgraduate courses of study for the graduates of such high school, or other high schools, which courses of study shall approximate the studies prescribed in the first two years of university courses. The board of trustees of any city, district, union, joint union, or county high school wherein the postgraduate courses of study are taught may charge tuition for pupils living without the boundaries of the district wherein such courses are taught. 14 California's first two-year college was established by the Fresno Board of Education in 1910, headed by Superintendent C. L. McLane. McLane communicated with the high school community, as well as several principals in nearby towns, and the response was unanimously supportive. Classes began in the fall of 1910 with 28 students. The funding structure of these schools created under the 1907 legislation was changed in 1917, when the Ballard Act was passed which superseded the Act of 1907. The Ballard Act provided for state and county support for these schools. Another piece of legislation was passed in 1921, the district junior-college law, which did not supersede the Ballard Act. Because of this, two-year colleges in California operated under different laws. The 1921 legislation organized an independent junior college district. Instead of being a part and an extension of high school, the junior college district had its own board, budget, and operating procedures. In 1929, the California Legislature authorized the first state general fund payments to these two-year schools. The numbers of two-year schools in California during this early, developmental period grew steadily. Despite the Depression and a reduction in financial support, growth continued. "By 1937, 42 colleges enrolled more than 52,000 students; by 1945, enrollment mushroomed to 163,000." (Fountain, 1989, p.15) The effect of the Gl Bill was felt in California, as it was nation wide. A Report on a Survey of the 15 Needs of California in Higher Education (also known as the Strayer Report), was commissioned by the state legislature. The principal author of this report was Professor George D. Strayer from Columbia University. This report emphasized an open door policy for two-year schools, and identified their missions to include terminal as well as general education, college and career orientation and guidance, lower division transfer courses, removal of matriculation deficiencies, and adult education. In addition, the Strayer Report felt the existence of all three types of institutions of higher education (two-year colleges, state colleges, and the University system) to be important, and did not recommend converting two-year colleges into four year colleges. In 1935, the state legislature called for yet another study. This one, by T. R. McConnell, was entitled A Restudv of the Needs of California in Higher Education. This report recommended the creation of more two-year colleges before additional four year colleges were established. This, the report stated, would bring access to higher education closer to all citizens of California. A liaison committee had been established by the State Department of Education and the University of California. In 1959, the state legislature requested this committee to direct the preparation of a master plan for the expansion and coordination of higher education. This was the first such master plan in America, the principles found within it were 16 incorporated in the 1960 Donohoe Higher Education Act. This master plan recommended that the two-year colleges "become full partners in a tripartite system with the University of California and the four-year colleges." (Fountain, 1989, p.16) In an attempt to maintain local, state, and federal funding, and local governance, these two-year colleges were also to be a part of the public school system and remain tuition free. The master plan also emphasized open access for any student 18 years old or older who could benefit from the instruction. The Steim Act of 1967 created a change in the governance structure for the two-year school in the state of California. This act produced the Board of Governors of the California Junior Colleges and the Office of the Chancellor. This formed an administrative break from the public school system. The Board of Governors was not created to function as an administrative or managerial agency; it was created as a coordinating body to protect the important principles of local autonomy, control, and responsiveness to local needs. Two years later, the legislature found it necessary to lay out in statute provisions delineating the functions of the state
board viv a vis those of local boards. (Fountain, 1989, p. 17)
State funding became bleak in the 1980s. Thirty million dollars was cut from college apportionments in the fiscal 17 year 1981-1982; an additional 108 million dollars was slashed from college budgets in 1983. This was the first year community college students paid tuition. The 1990s found California still with the largest system of community colleges in the world, with over 107 institutions and over 1.5 million stu d e n ts enrolled. Continued growth coupled with funding problems appear to be certain elements of the future for California community colleges.
Conceptual Base for the Study
Humanity has long expressed the desire to maintain historical events. Early history was shared orally. Written historical documentation served a similar function. Vincent (1969) found that the first writers of history attempted to “preserve the memory of the heroic deeds of men.” (p.3) The word “history” may be etymologised to its Greek origin, historia, meaning a searching out (Vincent, 1969), learning or knowing by inquiry (Random House, 1968). This quest for knowledge continued through the ages, with the style of reporting subject to maturation. This was realized in the transition from oral to written history. Iggers detailed growth within the format of written history: 18 In the past several decades, although the link with older traditions of historical writing has not been broken, patterns of inquiry which had directed historical writing since the days of classical antiquity have lost their predominance. There had been a high degree of continuity in the way historians had investigated and written history from ancient Greeks until the most recent years.
The 18th-century German universities had begun to produce a heightened level of academia, and the audience for historical presentation consisted more of scholars than educated public. This trend was international, and by the turn of the century, these “New Historians” could be found not only in the United States, but in France and Germany as well. Hockett (1977) also described the maturation of historical criticism, defining American Historiography by centuries: the seventeenth, eighteenth, nineteenth, and twentieth. The early British settlers in America may well have been the first historians to document American history. John Smith’s “Map of Virginia” and Plymouth Governor Bradford’s “History of the Plimouth Plantation” date back to the mid 1600s. These and other early histories were manuscripts, documenting and recording events and observations in a narrative fashion. Personal bias on the part of the authors was evident, in that the events were described as they were perceived. Religious bias was another factor. Edward Johnson’s The 19 Wonder-Working Providence of Sion’s Savior in New England recounted the events in New England from 1622 to 1651 through the eyes of the Puritan religion. The presence of religious bias might also be noted in The Bible. The creation of Harvard influenced the reporting of American history. Harvard produced “the educated class, Harvard-bred clergy, the men who did most of the writing of all kinds in the seventeenth century.” (Hockett, 1977, p. 191) Two of these ministers encouraged Nathaniel Morton to write a history, New England’s Memorial, which was completed in 1669. Documentation of the relationship between the colonists and the American Indians appeared to be biased on two accounts. First, the reports held a personal bias as they were nearly always reported through the eyes of the colonists. Second, the reoccurring religious bias was evident as the Puritans attempted to “civilize” the Indians and convert them to the Puritan religion. Other historical documentation occurred later in the century, and it primarily was concerned with the events of King Philip’s War. Among these were Mather’s Brief History of King Philip’s War (1676) and Church’s Entertaining Passages Relating to Philip’s War (1716). The 17th and 18th centuries of American historical reporting shared common themes: American settlers describing their life on the new frontier, Indian relations, and war. While the themes remained a cohesive thread in the reporting of American history, the central focus in the themes seemed to shift. 20 The emphasis on religion and theology in everyday life in America subsides to a somewhat more secular tone. Recounts of Indian relations also lost some of the previous religious tenor, and Indian affairs began to be regarded as an administrative conundrum The Revolutionary War was fought during this century, and it appears that “no American attempted to write a history of the War of Independence while it was being fought.” (Hockett, 1977, p. 202) A new breed of American writers emerged during this century, as the South grew and evolved. These men chronicled the aristocratic South and its slaves. Among these were Robert Beverly’s The History of Virginia i n Four Parts. (1722), and William Byrd IPs Histories of the Dividing Line, a compilation of two accounts of the survey of the boundary between Virginia and North Carolina. William Stith, a contem porary of Beverly and Byrd, produced The History of the First Discovery and Settlement of Virginia. 1747, in a narrative style. It appeared that the people most concerned with writing about history during the early years of the 19th century were older people who had come to prominence before the Revolution. Among these were John Adams and Thomas Jefferson. They tended to be dissatisfied with the narrative style of history reporting which had become the norm in previous centuries. They did realize, however, that this style was the beginning of historical documentation of the New World, and that it was time for a maturation process to begin. This process impacted the sources as well as the gatherers. The importance of actual physical documents was emphasized. The 21 reporters of this narrative style had primarily been clergy, physicians, lawyers, and public officials; none had actually been trained in the historical method because this training did not yet ex ist. Major changes began in this century, as vast amounts of historical material had been collected, there were many historical associations to assist in this collection, and a growing number of libraries in which to house the collected material. In addition, there was a great increase in the publication of historical material in journals, periodicals, and government records. The introduction and teaching of the critical method began in this century. The Massachusetts Historical Society, the Wisconsin State Historical Society, the New York Historical Society, the American Antiquarian Society of Worcester, and the American Historical Association are some of the associations which aided in the collection of historical materials in this century. These associations, along with private collectors, gave way to a need for physical buildings for the storage of the documents and materials. Many of these associations housed the special collections. At this time, the public library as it is known today, was nonexistent. Some towns formed library associations for the circulation of books within the confines of its members, but private libraries were the most common. Many of these private libraries merged collections; one of the most famous of these mergers occurred in 1893 when James Lenox purchased George Bancroft’s library. This merger 22 became a large part of the beginning of the New York Public Library, which was organized in 1895. Another library, the Library of Congress, came into being in this century. It was created by an act of Congress in 1800, but its early years were fraught with misfortune. Its collection began with some private collections, and it 1870, another act of Congress required it to house a copy of every book copyrighted in America. These buildings housing collections of material proved invaluable for writers of this century, and this was a vehicle for progress in the writing of history. The growth of higher education in America was a second vehicle for the progress of the writing of history. In these institutions, history was infused into the curriculum, and the seminar and the critical method exposed new historians to a more developed method of historical writing. “Critical and scientific historical investigation, associated with instruction on a graduate level, began in the United States with the inauguration in 1876 in the newly-founded Johns Hopkins University of study in ‘History and Politics’, and the setting up of an historical seminar under Herbert Baxter Adams.” (Social Science Research Council Committee on Historiography, 1946, p. 23) Four years later, Columbia’s School of Political Science was founded. Graduate instruction in historical research soon followed at Michigan, Cornell, Wisconsin, Harvard, and Pennsylvania. The twentieth century saw the gathering of materials continue at a rapid pace as well as the growth and expansion of public libraries. Through this continued advancement and the dawning for 23 the information highway, historians have found much diversity in the writing of history. Historical research, according to Kerlinger (1964) “is the critical investigation of events, developments, and experiences of the past, the careful weighing of evidence of the validity of sources of information on the past, and the interpretation of the weighed evidence.”(p. 698) There were historical studies dealing with many facets of education. The Center for History of Education defined 11 major categories of research in American education history:
1. Bibliographies relation to History of Education 2. General Educational History 3. History of Educational Legislation 4. Historical biographies of Major Contributors to 5. History of Major Branches of Education 6. Institutional History of Education 7. Cultural History of Education 8. History of Educational Planning and Policy 9. Historical Critiques of Education 10. Comparative History of International Education 11. History of Contemporary Problems in Education
This study's underpinning utilized the time honored process of the historical methodology, as cited above. CHAPTER 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This historical study reported the history of the public two- year colleges in the state of Nevada, focusing on the time period from 1977 to 1993. This was done in a narrative style. The study was delimited to the years of 1977-1993. There was extant literature to document the history of the public two-year colleges in the state of Nevada prior to 1977.
PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SOURCES
Primary and secondary sources used in this study. Primary sources included interviews and documents. Interviews were conducted with faculty, administrators, politicians, and historians familiar with this topic. Documents included State Bills, system- wide budgets, memos, minutes, and other sources. Secondary sources included histories of the community college
24 25 concept in America, histories of the state of Nevada, and other secondary source documentation. Kerlinger (1964) cited several important types of available materials for research. These included census data and registration data, newspapers and periodicals, voluntary associations, school records, and personal documents. Registration data and school records utilized in this study included HEGIS and IPED reports. All of the above mentioned sources were examined while considering external and internal criticism.
CONTENT ANALYSIS
Content analysis, a method to study this collected material, was applied to the data collected and served as a method of observation and measurement. Kerlinger (1964) found content analysis especially applicable to news articles and editorials. Best (1970) defined content analysis as “the systematic examination of current records or documents as sources of data.” The term "content analysis" was a product of the 20th century. According to Krippendorff (1980), Webster's Dictionary has listed it only since 1961. The concept of content analysis, may be traced back to the 1600s when the Church attempted to halt the spread of non religious material through newspapers. Krippendorff cited Dovring's (1954-55) description of one of the first well documented cases of quantitative analysis involving printed material. This took 26 place in Sweden in the 18th century and involved a collection of 90 hymns which the state censorship had approved. The collection of hymns was then found to undermine the orthodox clergy of the state church. Religious symbols in this collection were counted and religious symbols in an established song book were counted, and when compared, no difference was found. This counting and comparing of the number of religious symbols was a form of content analysis in that a set of procedures was utilized to make valid inferences from the text. In a contemporary fashion, content analysis has been used as a research technique. Weber (1985), adapted from Berelson (1952), listed some purposes of content analysis: 1. Disclose international differences in communication content 2. Compare media of 'levels' of communication 3. Audit communication content against objectives 4. Code open-ended questions in surveys 5. Identify the intentions and other characteristics of the communicator 6. Determine the psychological state of persons or groups 7. Detect the existence of propaganda 8. Describe attitudinal and behavioral responses to communications 9. Reflect cultural patterns of groups, institutions, or societies 10. Reveal the focus of individual, group, institutional, or societal attention 11. Describe trends in communications content Content analysis studies included frequency counts as well as "interrelationships among several content variables, or the relationship between content variables and other research 27 variables." (Borg and Gall, p 521) Berelson (in Kerlinger p 548) listed five major units of analysis which were words, themes, characters, items, and space-and-time measures. Chapter four, the chapter on governance, employed descriptive content analysis to produce descriptive information and to cross- validate research findings. In addition, this chapter relied heavily on a use of content analysis to generate culture indicators. "Culture indicators can be used to assess quantitatively the relationships among economic, social, political, and cultural change." (Weber, 1985, p. 10) Chapter five, the chapter on demographics, employed descriptive content analysis. Chapter six, the chapter on curriculum also employed descriptive content analysis. Items were a unit of analysis for that chapter. The chapter on finance, chapter seven, employed descriptive content analysis . Chapter eight, the chapter on facility and faculty growth, employed descriptive content analysis. Units of analysis applied here included space-and-time as well as the word. CHAPTER 4
GOVERNANCE
Introduction
This chapter included the history of the governance of the Nevada community colleges. Cassette's A History of the Community College Movement in Nevada 1967-1977 provided a historical summation of the events leading up to the creation of the community college in Nevada. It included background developments leading to the community college movement that materialized in 1967, the history of the community college division from 1971-1977, and a history of each institution including Elko Community College, Western Nevada Community College, and Clark County Community College. The Board of Regents is the official governing body of the public universities and community colleges in the state of Nevada. Governance decisions are impacted by the legislature to the extent of providing funding. These funding actions often depend on the make up of a particular legislative session.
28 29
Board of Regents
The Board of Regents, an elected group of individuals, has changed over time in the state of Nevada. In the 1970s, many of the regents represented the northern and rural areas of the state. That distribution shifted due to redistricting, and a majority of the regents represented the southern part of the state. Specific membership of the Board of Regents from 1977-1993 was presented in Appendix A. Table 1 summarized key figures in the Board of Regents and the University System from 1977-1993. From 1977-1978, Dr. Charles R. Donnelly was President of the Community College Division. 30 Table 1 Governance - Regents 1977-1993
Year Chancellor Chair, Board President, President, President, President, ofRegents CCCC NNCC TMCC WNCC 1 9 7 7 - Dr. Neil D. James L. 1 9 7 8 Humphrey Buchanan II 1 9 7 8 - Dr. Donald James L. Dr. Paul Dr. William Jack Davis 1 9 7 9 H. Baepler Buchanan 11 Kreider J. Berg 1 9 7 9 - Dr. Donald Robert Dr. Judith Dr. William Jack Davis 1 9 8 0 H. Baepler Cashell Eaton J. Berg 1 9 8 0 - Dr. Donald Robert Dr. Judith Dr. William Dr. Jam es Jack Davis 1981 H. Baepler Cashell Eaton J. Berg V. Eardley 1 9 8 1 - Dr. Robert Robert Dr. Judith Dr. William Dr. Jam es Jack Davis 1 9 8 2 M. Bersi Cashell Eaton J. Berg V. Eardley 1 9 8 2 - Dr. Robert Robert Dr. Judith Dr. William Dr. Jam es Jack Davis 1 9 8 3 M. Bersi Cashell Eaton J. Berg V. Eardley 1 9 8 3 - Dr. Robert John R. Dr. Dale Dr. William Dr. James Dr. Anthony 1 9 8 4 M. Bersi McBride Johnston J. Berg V. Eardley Calabro ★ 1 9 8 4 - Dr. Robert John R. Dr. Paul Dr. William Dr. James Dr. Anthony 1 9 8 5 M. Bersi McBride Meacham J. Berg V. Eardley Calabro 1 9 8 5 - Dr. Robert Daniel J. Dr. Paul Dr. William Dr. James Dr. Anthony 1 9 8 6 M. Bersi Klaich Meacham J. Berg V. Eardley Calabro 1 9 8 6 - Dr. Robert Daniel J. Dr. Paul Dr. William Dr. John Dr. Anthony 1 9 8 7 M. Bersi Klaich Meacham J. Berg Gwaltney Calabro 1 9 8 7 - Mark. H. June F. Dr. Paul Dr. William Dr. John Dr. Anthony 1 9 8 8 Dawson W hitley Meacham J. Berg Gwaltney Calabro 1 9 8 8 - Mark. H. June F. Dr. Paul Dr. William Dr. John Dr. Anthony 1 9 8 9 Dawson W hitley Meacham J. Berg Gwaltney Calabro 1 9 8 9 - Mark. H. Dorothy S. Dr. Paul Dr. Ronald Dr. John Dr. Anthony 1 9 9 0 Dawson Gallagher Meacham Remington Gwaltney Calabro 1 9 9 0 - Mark. H. Dorothy S. Dr. Paul Dr. Ronald Dr. John Dr. Anthony 1991 Dawson Gallagher Meacham Remington Gwaltney Calabro 1 991 - Mark. H. Carolyn Dr. Paul Dr. Ronald Dr. John Dr. Anthony 1992 Dawson Sparks Meacham Remington Gwaltney Calabro 1992- Mark. H. Carolyn Dr. Paul Dr. Ronald Dr. John Dr. Anthony 1993 Dawson Sparks Meacham Remington Gwaltney Calabro ^denotes acting president 31
Legislative Sessions
Every piece of legislation from 1968 through 1993 relating to community college governance or operation was summarized in the following chapter. These were presented in table format in Appendix A.
Thirteenth Special Session, 1968
The first public community college in Nevada opened its doors in Elko in 1967. Its original name was Nevada Community College. Assembly Bill 22 was passed the following year on February 26, and it designated Elko Community College as a function of the Elko County School District as a pilot project to "assist in determining the feasibility of establishing community colleges generally throughout the state." (Assembly Bill No 22, section 1) This same Assembly Bill created the early governance for the community college, with the Elko County School District's board of trustees serving ex officio as the board of trustees of the new community college. In addition, an advisory board was established, consisting of the existing members of the Nevada Community College Committee. This Assembly Bill also discussed basic financial functions of the board of trustees, financial recommendations for funding, governance, faculty, and curriculum. The State Department of Education was instructed to "study and recommend to the 55th 32 session of the Nevada Legislature a master plan for education." (Assembly Bill No 22, section 7) Arthur D. Little, Inc. was hired to conduct this study, and in December of 1968, Recommendation for Community College Education in the State of Nevada: A Report to the Superintendent of Public Instruction was presented.
The Little Report
The report was divided into four primary chapters, preceded by a summary and conclusion section. The summary and conclusion section expounded on the national role and function of the community college, and discussed the potential interests in and need for community colleges in Nevada. It went on to provide ^ recommendations for the administrative organization on community colleges in Nevada. The report strongly emphasized the importance of "separate administrative control, independent faculty and counseling services and separate funding for a community college program." (Little, 1968, p. S-6) In addition, the report made a recommendation for the establishment of an independent State Board of Public Community Colleges, and recommended the state be viewed as one community college district operating under that state board. There would be one president overseeing all campuses statewide. Each of these campuses would have a local advisory board for the purposes of curriculum and site location. A coordinating body to serve between the existing Board of Regents and the recommended 33 State Board of Public Community Colleges was suggested in the form of a Higher Education Coordinating and Facilities Commission. The issues of funding and financial requirements were also addressed, and it was decided that local support was not practical. Two options were given. The first suggested capital costs could be financed through bonds issued through a debt limit assigned to the district. The second suggested that the district be given special taxing powers, and the state sales tax could be raised one cent. Implementation of the community college system in Nevada was then outlined through the proposed actions of the legislature in the 1969-1970 biennium, the 1971-1972 biennium, and the 1973- 1974 biennium The body of the Little Report, the four chapters following the summary and conclusions, reviewed in depth the role of the community college in public higher education, the need for comprehensive community college education in the state of Nevada, alternative patterns for organizing community college education in Nevada, and the financial requirements for implementing a community college system in Nevada. The results of the Little Report were evident. 1968 saw an administrative reorganization within Nevada higher education with the establishment of the University of Nevada System. A Chancellor was to oversee the entire system, which consisted of four divisions: University of Nevada, Reno; University of Nevada, Las Vegas; Desert Research Institute; and the Community College Division. Dr. Charles 34 Donnelly was the first President of the Community College Division. The administrator of each campus was an Executive Vice President.
Fifty-Fifth Session
In 1969, Nevada Community College changed its name to Elko Community College. That same year, Assembly Bill 659 was passed on April 16. Baumgardner (unpublished) described the effect of this bill on the governance of the early community college, at the onset of the project, a primary objective of the founding committee had been to develop an independent college without outside government and, with the passage of the bill, the total governing power had been removed from the local level and placed on a state governing level." (Caserta, 1980, p.56) Assembly Bill 797 was approved on April 28, 1969. Section 1 appropriated funding from the general fund for the fiscal years of 1969 and 1970. Section 29, University of Nevada, specifically appropriated $150,000 for the fiscal year 1969-1970 for the support of Elko Community College, and $175,000 for the fiscal year 1970-1971 for the support of Elko Community College. 35
Fifth-Sixth Session
On March 30, 1971, Assembly Bill 459 was passed. Charles Donnelly, former President of the Community College Division of the University of Nevada System felt this bill was "the most important piece of legislation for community colleges passed by the 1971 legislature." (Caserta, 1980, p. 62) This bill created the higher education capital construction fund in the state treasure, and gave priority to construction of CCCC and WNCC. If the two colleges were established by the legislature and if there were available moneys in the higher education capital construction fund, the first priority was an instructional building at Clark County Community College, funded not to exceed $1,889,000. The second priority was an instructional building at Western Nevada Community College, funded not to exceed $1,330,000. Third priority was given to an instructional building at Elko Community College, funded not to exceed $719,000. Section three of Assembly Bill 459 also stated that if the legislature did not establish Clark or Western Nevada Community Colleges, then the board of regents was to determine the priority of construction projects. April 23, 1971, saw the passage of Assembly Bill 427, which authorized the acquisition of an instructional building at Elko Community College. 36 Further expansion for the community college system occurred with the April 25, 1971, passage of Senate Bill 179, which directed the "conveyance of real property in Carson City, Nevada, belonging to the State of Nevada to the board of regents of the University of Nevada for community college purposes." (S.B. 179) Fiscal appropriations occurred with the April passages of Assembly Bills 822 and 823. Section one of Assembly Bill 822 appropriated from the general fund of the state highway fund in the state treasury expenditure for the 1971-72 fiscal year of $85,800 for Elko Community College, and $93,000 for the following year. This bill appropriated $137,000 to Clark County Community College for the fiscal year 1971-72, and $168,700 for 1972-73 fiscal year. The legislature appropriated $79,760 to Western Nevada Community College for the 1971-72 fiscal year, and 95,400 for the following fiscal year. Section twenty four of Assembly Bill 823 appropriated $93,500 for the fiscal year 1971-72 for Community College administration, and $98,000 for the following fiscal year. In addition, section twenty four appropriated $174,200 to Elko Community College for the fiscal year 1971-72, and $199,500 for the fiscal year 1972-73.
Fifty-Seventh Session
In 1973, Elko Community College's name was changed with the April 13th passage of Senate Bill 416. This bill changed th e 37 institution's name to Northern Nevada Community College, the name it retains today. Assembly Bill 597, approved on April 25, 1973, amended a previous Assembly Bill, number 427, by adding a section appropriating funds to the state planning board. Subsection 2 of Section 4.5 stated the schedule by which the state board may disburse the moneys in two phases. Table 2 listed the schedule provided in subsection 2 of section 4.5.
Table 2 TWO PHASES OF DISBURSEMENT OF FUNDS Phase I
Agriculture, Automotive Lab $14,191 Business Lab $15,837 Drafting Lab $10,053 Electronics Lab $13, 471 Culinary Arts $ 8,880 Mechanical Technology Lab $17,735 Art Lab $ 2,282 Science Lab $ 730 Office Furniture $ 4,020
Phase II
Learning Resources Center $60,000 Photo Lab $ 5,073 Student Center $ 6,521 Child Development Center $ 2,900 Language Lab $ 6,875 Nursing $ 7,821 38 The acquisition and funding of Phase II construction projects at Clark County Community College and Western Nevada Community Colleges was approved on April 30, 1973 by Senate Bill 652. These projects were funded largely by student fees and expenditures authorized by the Board. Senate Bill 652 authorized the Board to finance the Clark County community college subproject by an expenditure of not exceeding $3,169,000, and to defray in part the cost of such subproject [Phase II] by the issuance of bonds and other securities of the university in a total principal amount of not exceeding $90,000. (S.B. 652)
In addition, the Board was authorized to
finance the Western Nevada community college subproject by an expenditure of not exceeding $2,120,000, and to defray in part the cost of such subproject [Phase II] by the issuance of bonds and other securities of the university in a total principal amount of not exceeding $50,000. (S.B. 652)
Expenditures and appropriations for fiscal years 1973-1974 and 1974-1975 were approved by Assembly Bills 965 and 964. Assembly Bill 965 authorized expenditures for Northern Nevada Community College, Clark County Community Colleges, and Western Nevada Community College. For the fiscal year 1973-1974, Northern Nevada Community College was authorized $42,000; for the fiscal year 1974-1975, $48,000. For the fiscal year 1973-1974, Clark County Community College was authorized $264,000; for the fiscal year 1974-1975, $352,800. For the fiscal year 1973-1974, Western Nevada Community College was authorized $192,000; for the fiscal year 1974-1975, $264,000. Assembly Bill 964 made appropriations for Community College Division Administration, Northern Nevada Community College, Clark County Community College, and Western Nevada Community College. For the fiscal year 1973-1974, the legislature appropriated $181,478 to Community College Division Administration; for the fiscal year 1974-1975, $189,693. For the fiscal year 1973-1974, the legislature appropriated $392,926 to Northern Nevada Community College; for the fiscal year 1974-1975, $460,636. For the fiscal year 1973-1974, the legislature appropriated $1,668,066 to Clark County Community College; for the fiscal year 1974-1975, $2,315,060. For the fiscal year 1973-1974, the legislature appropriated $1,134,826 to Western Nevada Community College; for the fiscal year 1974-1975, $1,570,320.
Fifty-Eighth Session
Senate Bill 188, approved on May 6, 1975, made an additional and supplemental appropriation from the general fund to Western Nevada Community College. The amount of this appropriation was $200,000, and it was to be used to purchase library books. Section 40 two of this Bill allowed any of these moneys which were unexpended to revert back to the general fund. Assembly Bill 803, approved May 23, 1975, appropriated funds for the fiscal years 1975-1976 and 1976-1977 for Community College Administration, Clark County Community College, Western Nevada Community College, and Northern Nevada Community College. For the fiscal year 1976-1976, $325,098 was appropriated by the legislature to Community College Administration; for the fiscal year 1976-1977, $340,012. For the fiscal year 1976-1976, $2,882,306 was appropriated by the legislature to Clark County Community College; for the fiscal year 1976-1977, $3,418,037. For the fiscal year 1975-1976, $1,941,936 was appropriated by the legislature toWestern Nevada Community College; for the fiscal year 1976- 1977, $2,385,438. For the fiscal year 1976-1976, $493,281 was appropriated by the legislature to Northern Nevada Community College; for the fiscal year 1976-1977, $533,773. Senate Bill 619 authorized expenditures for Northern Nevada Community College, Clark County Community College, and Western Nevada Community College for the fiscal years 1975-1976 and 1976-1977. Clark County Community College was authorized $878,260 for the fiscal year 1975-1976; for the fiscal year 1976- 1977, $1,030,420. Western Nevada Community College was authorized $685,500 for the fiscal year 1975-1976; for the fiscal year 1976-1977, $775,830. Northern Nevada Community College was authorized $80,280 for the fiscal year 1975-1976; for the fiscal year 1976-1977, $84,260. 41
Fifty-Ninth Session
Assembly Bill 737, approved May 3, 1977, authorized expenditures from the higher education capital construction fund. The sum of $134,100 was authorized for an addition to Clark County Community College for its dental program. Western Nevada Community College's Phase III, Reno, Project was authorized $4,285,000. The sum of $1,475,000 was authorized for an addition to Western Nevada Community College in Carson City, and $126,000 was authorized for project 77-81 at Northern Nevada Community College. On May 6, 1977, Assembly Bill 738 was approved. It concerned the acquisition and financing of specified facilities within the system. Impacted from the community colleges was Phase III at Western Nevada Community College. Section 6 of Assembly Bill 738 authorized the board to finance the Western Nevada Community College, Phase III, Reno subproject by an expenditure of not exceeding $6,903,000; and to defray in part the cost of such subproject by the issuance of bonds and other securities of the university in a total principal amount not exceeding $2,200,000. (A.B. 738)
Assembly Bill 755, approved May 16, 1977, appropriated funds for the support of Community College Administration, Clark County Community College, Western Nevada Community College, Northern Nevada Community College, and the Board of Examiners for Clark 42 County Community College Reserve for Growth for the fiscal years 1977-1978 and 1978-1979. Assembly Bill 755 appropriated $65,188 to Community College Administration for the fiscal year 1977-1978; $66,052 for the fiscal year 1978-1979. Assembly Bill 755 appropriated $3,335,122to Clark County Community College for the fiscal year 1977-1978; $3,617,072 for the fiscal year 1978- 1979. Assembly Bill 755 appropriated $2,817,211 to Western Nevada Community College for the fiscal year 1977-1978; $3,178,880 for the fiscal year 1978-1979. Assembly Bill 755 appropriated $620,441 to Northern Nevada Community College for the fiscal year 1977-1978; $673,870 for the fiscal year 1978-1979. The legislature appropriated the Board of Examiners for Clark County Community College Reserve for Growth funds for the fiscal year 1978-1979 only in the amount of $155,505. Expenditures for Clark County Community College, Western Nevada Community College, and Northern Nevada Community College for the fiscal years 1977-1978 and 1978-1979 were authorized by Senate Bill 516, approved on May 20, 1977. Clark County Community College was authorized $982,700 for the fiscal year 1977-1978; $985,700 for fiscal year 1978-1979. Western Nevada Community College was authorized $809,120 for the fiscal year 1977-1978; $881, 928 for the fiscal year 1978-1979. Northern Nevada Community College was authorized $140,530 for the fiscal year 1977-1978; $143,250 for the fiscal year 1978-1979. In addition to these Senate and Assembly Bills, two resolutions were passed concerning community colleges by the Fifty-Ninth Session. The Senate Concurrent Resolution 16 authorized "the unobligated balance of certain appropriations to be utilized to construct a service center at the Clark County Community College... The Assembly Concurrent Resolution 44 directed "the legislative commission to study the community college division of the University of Nevada System."
Sixtieth Session
On May 3, 1979, Senate Bill 421 was approved which amended Assembly Bill 738, which had been approved on May 6, 1977. Section one of Senate Bill 421 amended section five of Assembly Bill 738 with regards to student fees for Phase III, subproject at Western Nevada Community College, finding the student fees to be payable by students at both the Carson City and Reno campuses. Assembly Bill 63 was approved on June 5, 1979. This bill revised the distribution of moneys from gaming taxes between public schools and the University of Nevada System. In addition, it discusses the Learning Resources Center at Clark County Community College. Section twelve of Assembly Bill 63 authorized the board to finance the project at Clark County Community College by an expenditure of not to exceed $3,786,000 and to defray in part the cost of the project by the issuance of bonds and other securities of the university in a total principal amount not exceeding $2,200,000. (A.B. 63) 44 Assembly Bill 850, approved June 5, 1979, appropriated funds for the support of Clark County Community College, Western Nevada Community College, and Northern Nevada Community Colleges for the fiscal year 1979-1980 and 1980-1981. For the fiscal year 1979- 1980, $4,119,572 was appropriated by the legislature to Clark County Community College; for the fiscal year 1980-1981, $4,500,105. For the fiscal year 1979-1980, $4,020,485 was appropriated by the legislature to Western Nevada Community College; for the fiscal year 1980-1981, $4,828,934. For the fiscal year 1979-1980, $839,406 was appropriated by the legislature to Northern Nevada Community College; for the fiscal year 1980-1981, $900,407.
Sixty-First Session
Assembly Bill 662, approved on June 2, 1981, amended sections of the Nevada Revised Statutes with regards to the term "community college division". It removed references to divisions of the system. On June 3, 1981, Assembly Bill 705 was approved. It appropriated moneys to the community colleges for equipment. Clark County Community College received $114,000. Western Nevada Community College received $32,130. Truckee Meadows Community College received $61,500. Northern Nevada Community College received $12,300. In addition, priorities for the spending of these 45 funds were established. The first priority for spending for Clark County Community College was for the purchase of library books for the Learning Resource Center. In all other instances, the funds were to be spent on the purchase of equipment which related directly to instruction. Senate Bill 512, approved on June 5, 1981, further appropriated funds for equipment. The sum of $59,019 from the state general fund was appropriated for equipment purchases for the Fallon campus of the Western Nevada Community College. In addition, $134,068 was appropriated from the capital construction fund for higher education for equipment purchases for the Fallon campus of the Western Nevada Community College. Expenditures for the fiscal years 1981-1982 and 1982- 1983 were authorized for Clark County Community College, Western Nevada Community College, Truckee Meadows Community College, and Northern Nevada Community College on June 6, 1981, by the approval of Senate Bill 713. For both the fiscal years 1981-1982 and 1982-1983, Clark County Community College was authorized $105,000. Western Nevada Community College was authorized $9,500 for the fiscal year 1981-1982, and a slight increase to $9750 for the fiscal year 1982-1983. Truckee Meadows Community College was authorized $18,000 for the fiscal year 1981-1982, with a slight increase for the fiscal year 1982-1983 to $18,500. Northern Nevada was authorized a similar increase, from $3,500 for the fiscal year 1981-1982 to $4,000 for the fiscal year 1982-1983. In addition, Section six of Senate Bill 713 authorized, with the prior 46 approval of the interim finance committee, the expenditure of any additional fees collected as the result of increased enrollments in addition to the following amounts for the respective fiscal years for the community colleges. Clark County Community College (fiscal year 1981-1982) $1,225,500 and (fiscal year 1982-1983) $1,414,583. Western Nevada Community College (fiscal year 1981- 1982) $352,145 and (fiscal year 1982-1983) $422,666. Truckee Meadows Community College (fiscal year 1981-1982) $716,978, and (fiscal year 1982-1983) $860,176. Northern Nevada Community College (fiscal year 1981-1982) $137,194, and (fiscal year 1982- 1983) $155,661. In addition to the Assembly and Senate Bills approved by the Sixty-first Session, a Senate Concurrent Resolution number 13 recommended that the Board of Regents improve classes in fire science at the community colleges.
Sixty-Second Session
Senate Bill 478, approved on May 26, 1983, authorized expenditures for the 1983-1984 fiscal years for Clark County Community College, Western Nevada Community College, Truckee Meadows Community College, and Northern Nevada Community College. For the fiscal year 1983-1984, the legislature appropriated Clark County Community College $1,919,093; for the fiscal year 1984-1985, $2,010,893. For the fiscal year 1983-1984, the 47 legislature appropriated Western Nevada Community College $386,606; for the fiscal year 1984-1985, $434,486. For the fiscal year 1983-1984, the legislature appropriated Truckee Meadows Community College $976,440; for the fiscal year 1984-1985, $1,052,680. For the fiscal year 1984-1985, the legislature appropriated Northern Nevada Community College $158,525; for the fiscal year 1984-1985, $161,975.
Sixty-Third Session
On June 6, 1985, Senate Bill 512 was approved, which authorized expenditures for the fiscal years 1985-1986 and 1986- 1987 for Clark County Community College, Western Nevada Community Colleges, Truckee Meadows Community College, and Northern Nevada Community College. For the fiscal year 1985-1986, the legislature appropriated $1,926,100 to Clark County Community College; for the fiscal year 1986-1987, $1,979,700. For the fiscal year 1985-1986, the legislature appropriated $537,648 to Western Nevada Community College; for the fiscal year 1986-1987, $553,616. For the fiscal year 1985-1986, the legislature appropriated $1,355,630 to Truckee Meadows Community College; for the fiscal year 1986-1987, $1,395,135. For the fiscal year 1985-1986, the legislature appropriated $221,605 to Northern Nevada Community College; for the fiscal year 1986-1987, $224,355. In addition, Section six of Senate Bill 512 authorized the 48 University of Nevada system to expend any additional fees collected from the registration of students, resident or nonresident. These fees could be in addition to $1,681,800 for the fiscal year 1985- 1986 and $1,735,400 for the fiscal year 1986-1987 for Clark County Community College; $512,073 for the fiscal year 1985-1986 and $528,041 for the fiscal year 1986-1987 for Western Nevada Community College; $1,304,840 for the fiscal year 1985-1986 and $1,344,345 for the fiscal year 1986-1987 for Truckee Meadows Community College; and $206,750 for the fiscal year 1985-1986 and $209,500 for the fiscal year 1986-1987 for Northern Nevada Community College.
Sixty Fourth Session
A sum of $750,000 was appropriated for the four community colleges on June 4, 1987 by the approval of Senate Bill 148. Assembly Bill 613, approved on June 17, 1987, authorized the construction, acquisition, and improvement of the Western Nevada Community College in Carson City. The new health sciences facility for Clark County Community College was funded $1,200,000 by Senate Bill 29, approved on June 23, 1987. These funds were for the planning, construction, maintenance, operation and furnishing of the facility. Senate Bill 596 authorized expenditures for the fiscal years 1987-1988 and 1988-1989 for Clark County Community College, Western Nevada Community College, Truckee Meadows Community College, and Northern Nevada Community College. For the fiscal year 1987-1988, the legislature appropriated Clark County Community College $2,004,850; for the fiscal year 1988-1989, $2,021,500. For the fiscal year 1987-1988, the legislature appropriated Western Nevada Community College $549,494; for the fiscal year 1988-1898, $576,442. For the fiscal year 1987-1988, the legislature appropriated Truckee Meadows Community College $1,464, 709; for the fiscal year 1988-1989, $1,509,659. For the fiscal year 1987- 1988, the legislature appropriated Northern Nevada Community College $226,777 for the fiscal year 1988-1989, $233,544. In addition, Section six of Senate Bill 596 authorized additional expenditures from fees collected from resident or non resident students. These fees could be in addition to $1,759,850 for the fiscal year 1987-1988, $1,776,500 for the fiscal year for Clark County Community College; $541,762 for the fiscal year 1987-1988, $568,710 for the fiscal year 1988-1989 for Western Nevada Community College; $1,403,273 for the fiscal year 1987-1988, $1,448,223 for the fiscal year 1988-1989 for Truckee Meadows Community College; and $214,004 for the fiscal year 1987-1988 and $220,771 for the fiscal year 1988-1989 for Northern Nevada Community College. Assembly Bill 893, approved June 25, 1987, appropriated funds for the support of Clark County Community College, Western Nevada Community College, Truckee Meadows Community College, and Northern Nevada Community College for the fiscal years 1987-1988 and 1988-1989. For the fiscal year 1987-1988, the legislature appropriated Clark County Community College $8,951,843; for the fiscal year 1988-1989, $9,268,152. For the fiscal year 1987-1988, the legislature appropriated Western Nevada Community College $3,319,384; for the fiscal year 1988-1989, $3,505,983. For the fiscal year 1987-1988, the legislature appropriated Truckee Meadows Community College $6,319,770; for the fiscal year 1988- 1989, $6,676,114. For the fiscal year 1987-1988, the legislature appropriated Northern Nevada Community College $1,926,665; for the fiscal year 1988-1989, $2,009,570.
Sixty-Fifth Session
Funds for the fiscal years 1989-1990 and 1990-1991 for Clark County Community College, Western Nevada Community College, Truckee Meadows Community College, and Northern Nevada Community College were authorized by the June 30, 1989 approval of Senate Bill 551. For the fiscal year 1989-1990, the legislature appropriated Clark County Community College $2,385,800; for the fiscal year 1990-1991, $2,501,750. For the fiscal year 1989-1990, the legislature appropriated Western Nevada Community College $752,687; for the fiscal year 1990-1991, $800,657. For the fiscal year 1989-1990, the legislature appropriated Truckee Meadows Community College $1,769,370; for the fiscal year 1990-1991, $1,842,300. For the fiscal year 1989-1990, the legislature appropriated Northern Nevada Community College $313,916; for the fiscal year 1990-1991, $334,916. In addition, section six of Senate Bill 551 allowed the University of Nevada System, with the permission of the interim finance committee, to expend any additional fees collected from resident or non resident students. These fees would be in addition to $2,202,300 for the fiscal year 1989-1990 and $2,311,250 for the fiscal year 1990-1991 for Clark County Community College; $695,090 for the fiscal year 1989-1990 and $742,055 for the fiscal year 1990-1991 for Western Nevada Community College; $1,644,870 for the fiscal year 1989-1990 and $1,717,800 for the fiscal 1990-1991 for Truckee Meadows Community College; and $257,740 for the fiscal year 1989-1990 and $278,740 for the fiscal year 1990-1991 for Northern Nevada Community College. Assembly Bill 959, approved on June 30, 1989, appropriated moneys from the state general fund and the state highway fund for the support of Clark County Community College, Western Nevada Community College, Truckee Meadows Community College, and Northern Nevada Community College for the fiscal years 1989-1990 and 1990-1991. For the fiscal year 1989-1990, the legislature appropriated Clark County Community College $12,691,301; for the fiscal year 1990-1991, $13,307,447. For the fiscal year 1989- 1990, the legislature appropaiated Western Nevada Community College $4,828,298; for the fiscal year 1990-1991, $5,231,849. For the fiscal year 1989-1990, the legislature appropriated Truckee Meadows Community College $8,245,882; for the fiscal year 1990- 52 1991, $8,646,543. For the fiscal year 1989-1990, the legislature appropriated Northern Nevada Community College $2,520,543; for the fiscal year 1990-1991, $2,682,041. June 30, 1989 saw the approval of Assembly Bill 961, which appropriated funds from the state general fund to the state public works fund for campus improvements at all four community colleges. Project number 89-23, Campus Improvements at Clark County Community College, was funded at $450,000. Project number 89-24, Campus Improvements at Truckee Meadows Community College, was funded at $400,000. Project number 89-25, Campus Improvements at Western Nevada Community College was funded at $250,000. Project number 89-26, Campus Improvements at Northern Nevada Community College, was funded at $250,000. In addition, the design of the Cultural Performing Arts Student Center at Clark County Community College, project number 89-59, was funded at $370,500. The design of the Phase II and Learning Resource Center at Western Nevada Community College, project number 89-68, was funded at $121,300. The design of the Technical Arts Building at Northern Nevada Community College, project number 89-71, was funded at $152,000. Section five of Assembly Bill 961 authorized the state board of examiners to issue general obligation bonds of the State of Nevada to include project 89-42, Truckee Meadows Community College Phase V addition ($6,166,000), project 89-49, Phase II, Health Education Center Clark County Community College ($7,873,000), and project 89-64, Phase II Henderson Campus Clark County Community College ($3,975,000). 53
Sixty-Sixth Session
On June 30, 1991, Assembly Bill 818 was approved, appropriating moneys from the state general fund for the support of Community College of Southern Nevada, Western Nevada Community College, Truckee Meadows Community College, and Northern Nevada Community College for the fiscal years 1991-1992 and 1992-1993. For the fiscal year 1991-1992, the legislature appropriated Community College of Southern Nevada $18,705,989; for the fiscal year 1992-1993, $20,469,82. For the fiscal year 1991-1992, the legislature appropriated Western Nevada Community College $7,090,744; for the fiscal year 1992-1993, $7,742,055. For the fiscal year 1991-1992, the legislature appropriated Truckee Meadows Community College $11,889,297; for the fiscal year 1992- 1993, $12,813,610. For the fiscal year 1991-1992, the legislature appropriated Northern Nevada Community College $3,951,409; for the fiscal year 1992-1993, 4,406,935. Assembly Bill 826, approved on June 30, 1991, made appropriations for campus and capital improvements at all four community colleges. Section one of Assembly Bill 826 appropriated funds from the state general fund to the state public works board for project number 91-U4, Campus improvements at Clark County Community College ($1 18,650), project number 91-U6, Campus Improvements at Northern Nevada Community College ($155,000), project number U7, Campus Improvements at Truckee Meadows Community College ($475,000), project number 91-U8, Campus Improvements at Western Nevada Community College, and project number 91-L7, the design of a Winnemucca expansion at Northern Nevada Community College ($91,300). Section two of Assembly Bill 826 appropriated funds from the state general fund to the University of Nevada System for project number 91-U4, Campus Improvements at Clark County Community College ($356,350), project number 91- U6, Campus Improvements at Northern Nevada Community College ($95,000), project number 91-U8 Campus Improvements at Western Nevada Community College ($108,000). Section three of Assembly Bill 826 appropriated funds from the state highway fund to the state public works board for project number 91-C3, Technical Arts Center at Northern Nevada Community College ($4,043,315), project number 91-C4, Fallon Phase IV and Carson City Learning Resource Center Expansion at Western Nevada Community College ($2,471,862), project 91-C5, Cheyenne Avenue Campus Phase IV at Clark County Community College ($11,896,592), project number 91-D11, office and classroom addition at Truckee Meadows Community College ($556,641), project 91-D25, Cheyenne Campus Renovations at Clark County Community College ($5,737,124), project 91-L8, design of Health Science Phase III at Community College of Southern Nevada ($500,000), and project 91-L9, design of classroom addition at Community College of Southern Nevada ($500,000). Section nineteen of Assembly Bill 826 appropriated funds from the annual tax on slot machines which was distributed to the special capital construction fund for higher education to the University of Nevada System for 55 project number 91-D ll, office and classroom addition furnishings at Truckee Meadows Community College ($910,116), and project number 91-D18, the design of advanced technology center at Truckee Meadows Community College ($1,009,220). Senate Bill 646, approved on June 30, 1991, authorized expenditures for the four community colleges for the fiscal years 1991-1992 and 1992-1993. Section one of Senate Bill 646 authorized the following sums not appropriated from the state general fund of the state highway fund: Community College of Southern Nevada $3,648,008 for the fiscal year 1991-1992 and $3,984,343 for the fiscal year 1992-1993, Western Nevada Community College $1,093,624 for the fiscal year 1991-1992 and $1,185,763 for the fiscal year 1992-1993, Truckee Meadows Community College $2,333,897 for the fiscal year 1991-1992 and $2,504,942 for the fiscal year 1992-1993, and Northern Nevada Community College $567,522 for the fiscal year 1991-1992 and $631,406 for the fiscal year 1992-1993. Section six of Senate Bill 646 allows the University of Nevada System to expend, with the approval of the interim finance committee, any additional fees collected from resident or nonresident students. These fees were in addition to $3,372,490 for the fiscal year 1991-1992 and $3,699,825 for the fiscal year 1992-1993 for Community College of Southern Nevada, $999,124 for the fiscal year 1991-1992 and $1,089,263 for the fiscal year 1992-1993 for Western Nevada Community College, $2,162,397 for the fiscal year 1991-1992 and $2,333,442 for the fiscal year 1992-1993 for Truckee Meadows 56 Community College, and $502,022 for the fiscal year 1991-1992 and $563,906 for the fiscal year 1992-1993 for Northern Nevada Community College. In addition, Section eight of Senate Bill 646 authorized for the expenditure from the University of Nevada System Endowment fund $37,500 each fiscal year (1991-1992 and 1992- 1993) for all four community colleges. Senate Bill 514, approved on July 5, 1991, authorized the issuance of general obligation bonds to pay for the cost of completing a building at Northern Nevada Community College.
Sixty-Seventh Session
Senate Bill 314, approved on June 7,1993, amended the Nevada Revised Statutes, and changed the name of Nevada's higher education system from University of Nevada System to University and Community College System of Nevada. On June 30, 1993, Assembly Bill 787 was approved, appropriating moneys from the state general fund for the fiscal years 1993-1994 and 1994-1995 for the support of Community College of Southern Nevada, Western Nevada Community College, Truckee Meadows Community College, and Northern Nevada Community College. For the fiscal year 1993-1994, the legislature appropriated Community College of Southern Nevada $19,989,868; for the fiscal year 1994-1995 a lesser sum, $19,360,904. For the fiscal year 1993-1994, the legislature appropriated Western Nevada Community College $7,327,672; for the fiscal year 1994-1995, $7,394,996. For the fiscal year 1993-1994, the legislature appropriated Truckee Meadows Community College $12,239,010; for the fiscal year 1994-1995, $12,345,858. For the fiscal year 1993- 1994, the legislature appropriated Northern Nevada Community College $4,288,840; for the fiscal year 1994-1995 a lesser sum, $4,280,238. Section thirty seven of Assembly Bill 787 required the board of regents to comply with any request by the governor to set aside from the previously mentioned appropriations any specified amount. Appropriations for capital improvements resulted from the June 30, 1993 approval of Assembly Bill 788. Section one of this bill appropriated from the state general fund to the state public works board moneys for campus improvements at all four community colleges. Project number 93-U4, Campus improvements at Community College of Southern Nevada, was funded at $462,009. Project 93-U6, Campus improvements at Northern Nevada Community College, was funded at $400,000. Project number 93-U7, Campus improvements at Truckee Meadows Community College, was funded at $475,000. Project number 93-U8, Campus improvements at Western Nevada Community College, was funded at $121,000. Section six of Assembly Bill 788 appropriated funds from the state general fund to the University and Community College System of Nevada to fund campus improvements at all four community colleges. Project number 93-U4, Campus improvements at Community College of Southern Nevada, was funded at $261,116. Project number 93-U6, 58 Campus improvements at Northern Nevada Community College, was funded at $100,000. Project number 93-U7, Campus improvements at Truckee Meadows Community College, was funded at $100,000. Project number 93-U8, Campus improvements at Western Nevada Community College, was funded at $129,000. Section eight of Assembly Bill 788 authorized the state board of examiners to issue general obligation bonds of the State of Nevada for project number 93-C5 ($13,647,782), Cheyenne Campus Phase V Community College of Southern Nevada; project number 93-C7 ($7,312,588), Advanced technology center and library Truckee Meadows Community College; project number 93-G3 ($14,754,329), West Charleston Campus Phase III Community College of Southern Nevada; project number 93-C8 ($1,457,228) Winnemucca branch, Northern Nevada Community College. Section ten of Assembly Bill 788 authorized the state public works board to transfer $500,000 previously allocated to project number 91-Cl 5 (classroom and office complex University of Nevada Las Vegas), to project number 93-C5 (Cheyenne Campus Phase V Community College of Southern Nevada). Section eleven outlined a similar transfer of funds from the construction, acquisition, and improvement of a health sciences building at University of Nevada Las Vegas to project number 93-G3 (West Charleston Campus Phase III Community College of Southern Nevada). Section twelve of Assembly Bill 788 transferred funds previously allotted in 1989 to one project at Northern Nevada Community College and two projects at Clark County Community College. $50,000 was transferred to project number 89-47, modular 59 housing unit at Northern Nevada Community College. Project number 89-49, health education center Phase II at West Charleston Campus, Clark County Community College, received $152,202. Phase II at the Henderson Campus, project number 89-64, received $7,366. Section thirteen similarly transferred funds to project number 91-C3, the technical arts center at Northern Nevada Community College ($290,000) and to project number 91-C4, the Fallon Phase IV and the Carson City Learning Resource Center expansion at Western Nevada Community College ($50,000). $220,000 was transferred to project number 93-G3, Phase III West Charleston Campus at Community College of Southern Nevada, and $120,000 was transferred, as per section fourteen to project number 93-C8, Winnemucca branch of Northern Nevada Community College. Section fifteen authorized an additional amount, not to exceed $100,000, in donated funds to the construction of project number 91-C8, the Winnemucca branch of Northern Nevada Community College. Section 27 authorized the state public works board and the University and Community College System of Nevada, with the approval of the interim finance committee, to transfer appropriated and authorized money from one project to another within the same agency or with the System for the projects listed in sections one, six, seven, eight, and fourteen of Assembly Bill 788. Senate Bill 568, approved on June 30, 1993, authorized the expenditure of the following sums not appropriated from the state general fund or the state highway fund for the fiscal years 1993- 1994 and 1994-1995 for Community College of Southern Nevada, 60 Western Nevada Community College, Truckee Meadows Community College, and Northern Nevada Community College. For the fiscal year 1993-1994, the legislature appropriated Community College of Southern Nevada $6,050,857; for the fiscal year 1994-1995, $7,181,361. For the fiscal year 1993-1994, the legislature appropriated Western Nevada Community College $1,369,355; for the fiscal year 1994-1995, $1,471,757. For the fiscal year 1993-1994, the legislature appropriated Truckee Meadows Community College $2,933,526; for the fiscal year 1994-1995, $3,134,349. For the fiscal year 1993-1994, the legislature appropriated Northern Nevada Community College $740,083; for the fiscal year 1994-1995, $825,104. In addition, section six of Senate Bill 568 authorized the University of Nevada system to expend any additional fees collected from the registration of students, resident or nonresident. These fees could be in addition to $5,655,900 for the fiscal year 1993- 1994 and $6,786,404 for the fiscal year 1994-1995 for Community College of Southern Nevada; $1,268,880 for the fiscal year 1993- 1994 and $1,369,393 for the fiscal year 1994-1995 for Western Nevada Community College; $2,762,768 for the fiscal year 1993- 1994 and $2,963,591 for the fiscal year 1994-1995 for Truckee Meadows Community College; and $670,583 for the fiscal year 1993- 1994 and $753,604 for the fiscal year 1994-1995 for Northern Nevada Community College. 61
Nevada's Political Composite
Because Nevada's political make-up influenced legislative actions, a brief overview of Nevada's political climate from 1977- 1993 was included. A traditional political rule of thumb may be applied, leading one to infer a biennium with a majority of Democratic seats maintained would have produced legislation more favorable to education. The following section summarized the political composition of the Nevada State Legislature from 1968 to 1993. Following the summary section, the information is expressed in chart form in Figures 1 and 2.
13th Special Session
The thirteenth special session of the Nevada State Legislature began on Monday, February 5, 1968, and ended on Saturday, February 24, 1968. The special session was called by Governor Paul Laxalt. The President of the Senate was Ed Fike; the president pro tempore was B. Mahlon Brown. There were 11 Democrats and 9 Republicans. The Speaker of the Assembly was Melvin D. Close; the speaker pro tempore was Austin H. Bowler. There were 21 Democrats and 19 Republicans. 62
55th Session
The President of the Senate was Ed Fike; the president pro tempore was Floyd R. Lamb. There were 11 Democrats and 9 Republicans. The Speaker of the Assembly was Howard F. McKissick, Jr.; the speaker pro tempore was Lawrence E. Jacobsen. There were 18 Democrats and 22 Republicans.
56th Session
The President of the Senate was Harry M. Reid; the president pro tempore was Floyd R. Lamb. There were 13 Democrats and 7 Republicans. The Speaker of the Assembly was Lawrence E. Jacobsen; the speaker pro tempore was Kent Hafen. There were 18 Democrats and 22 Republicans.
57th Session
The President of the Senate was Harry M. Reid; the president pro tempore was Floyd R. Lamb. There were 14 Democrats and 6 Republicans. The Speaker of the Assembly was Keith Ashworth; the speaker pro tempore was Joseph E. Dini, Jr. There were 25 Democrats and 15 Republicans. 63
58th Session
The President of the Senate was Robert E. Rose; the president pro tempore was James I. Gibson. There were 17 Democrats and 3 Republicans. The Speaker of the Assembly was Keith Ashworth; the speaker pro tempore was Darrell H. Dreyer. There were 31 Democrats and 9 Republicans.
59th Session
The President of the Senate was Robert E. Rose; the president pro tempore was Melvin D. Close. There were 17 Democrats and 3 Republicans. The Speaker of the Assembly was Joseph E. Dini, Jr. ; the speaker pro tempore was Harley L. Harmon. There were 35 Democrats and 5 Republicans.
60th Session
The President of the Senate was Myron E. Leavitt; the president pro tempore was Floyd R. Lamb. There were 15 Democrats and 5 Republicans. The Speaker of the Assembly was Paul W. May, Jr.; the speaker pro tempore was Robert R. Barengo. There were 26 Democrats and 14 Republicans. 64
14th Special Session
The President of the Senate was Myron E. Leavitt; the president pro tempore was Floyd R. Lamb. There were 15 Democrats and 5 Republicans. The Speaker of the Assembly was Paul W. May, Jr.; the speaker pro tempore was Robert R. Barengo. There were 26 Democrats and 14 Republicans. This special session was called by Governor List; no community college legislation was enacted.
61st Session
The President of the Senate was Myron E. Leavitt; the president pro tempore was Melvin D. Close, Jr. There were 15 Democrats and 5 Republicans. The Speaker of the Assembly was Robert R. Barengo; the speaker pro tempore was Karen W. Hayes. There were 26 Democrats and 14 Republicans.
62nd Session
The President of the Senate was Robert A Cashell; the president pro tempore was Keith Ashworth. There were 17 Democrats and 4 Republicans. The Speaker of the Assembly was John M. Vergiels; the speaker pro tempore was James W. Schofield. There were 22 Democrats and 20 Republicans. 65
15th Special Session
The President of the Senate was Robert A Cashell; the president pro tempore was Keith Ashworth. There were 17 Democrats and 4 Republicans. The Speaker of the Assembly was John M. Vergiels; the speaker pro tempore was James W. Schofield. There were 22 Democrats and 20 Republicans. Governor Bryan called this special session; no community college legislation was enacted.
63th Session
The President of the Senate was Robert A. Cashell; the president pro tempore was Thomas R. C. Wilson. There were 13 Democrats and 8 Republicans. The Speaker of the Assembly was Byron (Bill) Bilyeu; th e speaker pro tem pore was Charles W. Joerg. There were 17 Democrats and 25 Republicans.
64th Session
The President of the Senate was Robert J. Miller; the president pro tempore was Lawrence E. Jacobsen. There were 9 Democrats and 12 Republicans. The Speaker of the Assembly was Joseph E. Dini, Jr.; 66 the speaker pro tempore was James (Jim) W. Schofield. There were 29 Democrats and 13 Republicans.
65th Session
The President of the Senate was Robert J. Miller; the president pro tempore was Lawrence E. Jacobsen. There were 8 Democrats and 13 Republicans. The Speaker of the Assembly was Joseph E. Dini, Jr.; the speaker pro tempore was Myrna T. Williams. There were 32 Democrats and 10 Republicans.
16th Special Session
The President of the Senate was Robert J. Miller; the president pro tempore was Lawrence E. Jacobsen. There were 8 Democrats and 13 Republicans. The Speaker of the Assembly was Joseph E. Dini, Jr.; the speaker pro tem pore was Myrna T. Williams. There were 32 Democrats and 10 Republicans. Governor Miller called this special session; no community college legislation was enacted.
66th Session
The President of the Senate was Sue Wagner; the president pro tempore was Joseph M. Neal, Jr.. There were 11 Democrats and 10 Republicans. The Speaker of the Assembly was Joseph E. Dini, Jr.; the speaker pro tempore was Myrna T. Williams. There were 22 Democrats and 20 Republicans. 67
Democrats 1 8 Republicans 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0
e c c c c C C C c c o o © © © © S o o © S o o © ss 55 55 55 55 JT <0 '55 II CO I co © 40 40 4055 © FIGURE 1 SENATE SEATS, NEVADA STATE LEGISLATURE 68 Democrats 30 Republicans 20 e e c © e © © c c e o © © c © © 2 o © © © .2 © o © © o SS y’S> 55 55 ‘55 55 '55 "55 o'5> *55 55 0 ‘55 55 So «0 O'K V M oo 00 00 oo <0 ?> © 2 © CO © CO 00 o -S © © © © © v ,g*8 © © 0 1 8 © 8 © &8 coco CO CO CO CO CO CO co CO CO tn CO CO CO (0(0 .© JZ j ; .© xz .© ■ o .© ■ o jr XZ JT FIGURE 2 ASSEMBLY SEATS, NEVADA STATE LEGISLATURE 69 S u m m ary The governance of the community colleges in Nevada evolved as the state and the colleges grew. The distribution of the regents shifted to a majority in the south as a result of redistricting. The actual governance of the system changed through the inception and growth of the community college system. Initially, there had been only one primary administrator for system and there was only one institution. As new institutions were created, the administrator of each campus was an executive vice president. That organizational system evolved to each institution being governed by its own president. The trend of the legislative financial impact on governance increased progressively as the colleges grew until the colleges experienced a shortfall in the early 1990s in that the funding was linked to state tax revenues. In addition, the number of legislators had increased between 1977 and 1993. CHAPTER 5 DEMOGRAPHICS Introduction This chapter included the history of the demographics of the Nevada community colleges. Data for this chapter were gathered from UNS and UCCSN annual operating budgets, Public Higher Education in Nevada: A Plan for the 70's for the University of Nevada System submitted to the fifty sixth session of the Nevada State Legislature by the Board of Regents, and Recommendations for Community College Education in the State of Nevada: A Report to the Superintendent of Public Instruction. December 1968 by Arthur D. Little, Inc. 70 71 Full Time Equivalent Enrollment Estimated Full Time Equivalent Enrollment The Little Report estimated FTE enrollment for 1970-71 through 1980-81. At that time, there were only three community colleges in the state. The report found "the most critical obstacle to forecasting enrollments for prospective Nevada community colleges [to be the] lack of historical data from an existing community or junior college to use as a basis for a projection." (Little, 1968, p. 11-52) Therefore, the study provided two different enrollment estimates for this time period labeled "Alternative I" and "Alternative II". The computations for estimating Alternative I were "based on previous experience of community college enrollments in other states." (Little, 1968, pp 11-52). Alternative II based its computations on recorded generated interest in community colleges from the senior high school class of 1967-68 in the state of Nevada. Within Alternative I and Alternative II, the Little report also provided a high and a low estimate, taking into account possible fluctuations in community college interest. Table 3 represented the Little Study's summary of estimated FTE enrollments in Nevada's community colleges from 1977-78 to 1980-81 using the computations to derive Alternative I, high estimate enrollment. 72 TABLE 3 ALTERNATIVE I, HIGH ESTIMATE FTE ENROLLMENT, LITTLE REPORT 1977-1978 1978-1979 1979-1980 1980-1981 EUko Campus 390 410 420 431 Las Vegas 5,869 6,222 6,451 6,680 Reno 3,941 4,166 4,308 4,450 Table 4 represented the Little Study's summary of estimated FTE enrollments in Nevada's community colleges from 1977-78 to 1980-81 using the computations to derive Alternative I, low estimate enrollment. TABLE 4 ALTERNATIVE I, LOW ESTIMATE FTE ENROLLMENT, LITTLE REPORT 1977-1978 1978-1979 1979-1980 1980-1981 Elko Campus 338 356 366 375 Las Vegas 5,119 5,444 5,444 5,844 Reno 3,438 3,644 3,768 3,892 Table 5 represented the Little Study's summary of estimated FTE enrollments in Nevada's community colleges from 1977-78 to 1980-81 using the computations to derive Alternative II, high estimate enrollment. TABLE 5 ALTERNATIVE II, HIGH ESTIMATE FTE ENROLLMENT, LITTLE REPORT 1977-1978 1978-1979 1979-1980 1980-1981 Elko Campus 340 365 396 400 Las Vegas 5,065 5,402 5,718 6,100 Reno 3,21 3,609 3,953 4,203 73 Table 6 represented the Little Study's summary of estimated FTE enrollments in Nevada's community colleges from 1977-78 to 1980-81 using the computations to derive Alternative II, low estimate enrollment. TABLE 6 ALTERNATIVE II, LOW ESTIMATE FTE ENROLLMENT, LITTLE REPORT 1977-1978 1978-1979 1979-1980 1980-1981 Hko Campus 321 344 374 377 Las Vegas 4,734 5,054 5,352 5,717 Reno 3,156 3,330 3,661 3,897 Another study, Public Higher Education in Nevada: A Plan for the 70's For the University of Nevada System, also estimated the enrollments of the community colleges in the state. It projected CCCC's enrollment for 1977 to be 3,400; for 1978 to be 3,700; for 1979 to be 4,000; and for 1980 to be 4,300. Its projections for WNCC in 1977 were 2,300; for 1978 were 2,500; for 1979 were 2,700; for 1980 were 3,000. At the time of the publication of the report, Elko Community College was the third community college in the state. Its projected enrollment figures for 1977 were 320; for 1978 were 340; for 1979 were 350; for 1980 were 360. While neither of these studies accurately reflected the FTE enrollment figures of the Nevada community colleges, the growth trend represented in all instances was correct; FTE enrollment in Nevada community colleges had been on the rise. 74 Actual Full Time Equivalent Enrollment Table 7 presented the compiled data of actual net FTE students collected from the annual operating budget reports of UNS and UCCSN. TABLE 7 ACTUAL FULL TIME EQUIVALENT ENROLLMENT CCSN NNCC TMCC WNCC 1977-78 2,714 364 1,387 745 1978-79 3,028 367 1,434 814 1979-80 3,033 431 1.532 842 1980-81 3,531 413 2,038 950 1981-82 3,434 422 2,180 881 1982-83 3,804 449 2,488 958 1983-84 3,513 443 2,464 965 1984-85 3,429 417 2,270 972 1985-86 3,464 476 2,384 1,042 1986-87 3,656 488 2,512 1,090 1987-88 4,066 500 2,596 1,202 1988-89 4,441 525 2,827 1,325 1989-90 4,899 600 3,104 1,507 1990-91 5,297 794 3,271 1,665 1991-92 6,391 870 3,578 1,750 75 Headcount Enrollment Estimated Headcount Enrollment A similar growth trend in headcount enrollment was observed in the Nevada community colleges from 1977 to 1993. Public Higher Education in Nevada: A Plan for the 70's For the University of Nevada System did not provide estimated headcount figures for the community college division; rather, it only projected headcount for UNR and UNLV. The Little Report again provided Alternative I and Alternative II, with high and low estimates with in each set of figures. Table 8 represented the Little Study's summary of estimated headcount enrollments in Nevada's community colleges from 1977- 78 to 1980-81 using the computations to derive Alternative I, high estimate enrollment. TABLE 8 ALTERNATIVE I, HIGH ESTIMATE HEADCOUNT ENROLLMENT, LITTLE REPORT 1977-1978 1978-1979 1979-1980 1980-1981 Elko Campus 594 625 640 656 Las Vegas 8,944 9,480 9,830 10,179 Reno 6,055 6,348 6,565 6,781 Table 9 represented the Little Study's summary of estimated headcount enrollments in Nevada's community colleges from 1977- 76 78 to 1980-81 using the computations to derive Alternative I, low estimate enrollment. TABLE 9 ALTERNATIVE I, LOW ESTIMATE HEADCOUNT ENROLLMENT, LITTLE REPORT 1977-1978 1978-1979 1979-1980 1980-1981 ElkoCampus 515 542 558 571 Las Vegas 7,801 8,296 8,601 8,905 Reno 5,240 5,553 5,743 5,930 Table 10 represented the Little Study's summary of estimated headcount enrollments in Nevada's community colleges from 1977- 78 to 1980-81 using the computations to derive Alternative II, high estimate enrollment. TABLE 10 ALTERNATIVE II, HIGH ESTIMATE HEADCOUNT ENROLLMENT, LITTLE REPORT 1977-1978 1978-1979 1979-1980 1980-1981 ElkoCampus 482 518 560 574 Las Vegas 7,945 8,485 9,010 9,605 Reno 5,342 5,670 6,162 6,565 Table 11 represented the Little Study's summary of estimated headcount enrollments in Nevada's community colleges from 1977- 78 to 1980-81 using the computations to derive Alternative II, low estimate enrollment. TABLE 11 ALTERNATIVE II, LOW ESTIMATE HEADCOUNT ENROLLMENT, LITTLE REPORT 1977-1978 1978-1979 1979-1980 1980-1981 ElkoCampus 434 465 505 517 LasVegas 7,115 7,613 8,092 8,646 Reno 4,678 4,971 5,430 5,797 Actual Headcount Enrollment Actual headcount enrollment data from the UNS and UCCSN annual operating budgets provided a source of comparison. Table 12 reported the actual headcount enrollment at each of the four community colleges from 1977-1993, which is charted in Figure 3. TABLE 12 ACTUAL STUDENT HEADCOUNT ENROLLMENT CCSN NNCC TMCC WNCC 1977-78 7,893 1,199 4,721 2,543 1978-79 8,825 1,300 5,627 2,752 1979-80 8,617 1,520 6,039 3,036 1980-81 9,902 1,534 7,065 3,259 1981-82 9,357 1,812 7,617 2,935 1982-83 9,447 1,652 8,392 2,959 1983-84 9,193 1,653 6,906 3,013 1984-85 9,188 1,645 6,413 3,165 1985-86 10,269 2,003 6,929 3,494 1986-87 11,280 2,064 7,356 3,864 1987-88 12,200 2,169 7,800 3,986 1988-89 13,017 1,924 8,364 4,463 1989-90 14,111 2,079 9,007 4,925 1990-91 14,794 2,369 8,964 5,191 1991-92 15,944 2,723 9,265 4,888 79 16,000 14.000 12.000 10,000 8,000 6,000 4.000 2.000 0 1992 ■ CCSN □ NNCC H TMCC m WNCC FIGURE 3 ACTUAL STUDENT HEADCOUNT The data for TMCC for the years 1977-78 and 1978-79 was reported as "WNCC South"; the data for WNCC for the years 1977-78 and 1978-79 was reported as "WNCC North". 80 Enrollment Trends Analyzed Enrollment figures at Nevada's community colleges may be analyzed two ways: first, in terms of state population and second, in terms of national trend. State Population State population growth was one of the factors emphasized by the State Plan for Community Colleges inrthe State of Nevada. Simply put, "Nevada's population can affect enrollment." (p 51) Table 13 demonstrated the rapid growth Nevada had enjoyed from 1977-1990. TABLE 13 NEVADA POPULATION 1977-1990 YEAR POPULATION YEAR POPULATION 1977 678,100 1984 932,130 1978 719,300 1985 967,820 1979 765,300 1986 1,008,030 1980 810,502 1987 1,053,230 1981 850,460 1988 1,095,880 1982 877,380 1989 1,198,450 1983 904,700 1990 1,280,020 This constant increase in state-wide population could account for much of the constant increase in enrollment in the Nevada community colleges. 81 National Trend As table 14 showed, national enrollment in public two-year higher education institutions had, for the most part, enjoyed a healthy increase. As table 15 showed, enrollment in Nevada's public two-year colleges had echoed this trend. Nationally, the enrollment figures dropped for two years, 1984 and 1985. Similarly, enrollment in Nevada's public two-year colleges dropped in 1983 and 1984. This drop in enrollment in the mid-1980s was explained by Cohen (1989). Cohen found "the number of eighteen-year-olds in the American population peaked in 1979 and was 20 percent lower in 1986." (Cohen, 1989, p. 31) TABLE 14 NATIONAL ENROLLMENT IN PUBLIC TWO-YEAR COLLEGES YEAR ENROLLMENT YEAR ENROLLMENT 1977 3,901,769 1985 4,269,733 1978 3,873,690 1986 4,413,691 1979 4,056,810 1987 4,541,054 1980 4,328,782 1988 4,615,487 1981 4,480,708 1989 4,883,660 1982 4,519,653 1990 4,996,471 1983 4,459,330 1991 5,404,815 1984 4,279,097 82 TABLE 15 ENROLLMENT IN NEVADA'S PUBLIC TWO-YEAR COLLEGES YEAR POPULATION YEAR POPULATION 1977 16,356 1985 22,695 1978 18,504 1986 24,564 1979 19,212 1987 26,155 1980 21,760 1988 27,768 1981 21,721 1989 30,122 1982 22,450 1990 31,318 1983 20,765 1991 32,820 1984 20,411 In 1971, The State Plan for Community Colleges in the State of Nevada cited factors which would potentially affect enrollment in the community colleges in Nevada. The number of high school graduates enrolling in community college was one. A second one tied enrollment to state population. A third, and the most important, was the "extent to which adult or non-recent high school graduates attend the community college." (The State Plan for Community Colleges in the State of Nevada, p. 50) In 1989, Cohen cited factors which could have contributed to the increase in community college enrollments nationally. This increase could be tied to the increase in the general population. The participation of adult or non-recent high school graduates was another factor. In addition, Cohen found physical accessibility, financial aid, part-time attendance, the reclassification of institutions, the redefinition of students and courses, and high attendance by low-ability, women, and minority students. Community colleges also recruited students aggressively; to an institution that tries to offer something for 83 everyone in the community, everyone is potentially a student. (Cohen, 1989, p.31) SUMMARY By expressing the values in Table 13 (Nevada population), Table 14 (national enrollment, two-year colleges), and 15 (Nevada enrollment, two-year colleges) in Table 16, and the two additional ratios from those figures, two conclusions may be drawn. By examining the first ratio, the ratio of Nevada community college enrollment to the national two-year college enrollment, Nevada was an increasing percent of the national enrollment. Indeed, in 1977, only 4.2 per thousand national two-year enrollees are in Nevada, while in 1991, 6.1 per thousand national two-year enrollees are in Nevada. A second conclusion may be drawn from the second ratio, the Nevada community college enrollment normalized to the Nevada Population. There had been, since 1977, 2.4% (plus or minus 0.2%) of the population of the state enrolled in Nevada's community college, regardless of the population. 84 TABLE 16 NATIONAL AND NEVADA POPULATION Year Nevada Nevada National Nevada Nevada population, Community two-year Community Community thousands College population, College College population, millions population, population, thousands thousands/ thousands/ National Nevada two- year population, population, thousands millions 1977 678 16.3 3.90 ______4^2 2.4 1978 719 18.5 3.87 ______445 ______24> 1979 765 19.2 4.06 ______4 J______245 1980 811 21.8 4.33 ______543 ______247 1981 850 21.8 4.48 ______443 ______245 1982 877 22.4 4.52 ______543 ______245 1983 905 20.8 4.46 ______447 ______23 1984 923 20.4 4.28 ______4.8 2.2 1985 968 22.7 4.27 5.3 2.3 1986 1008 24.6 4.41 ______545 ______2A 1987 1053 26.2 4.54 ______545 ______245 1988 1096 27.8 4.62 6.0 ______2.5 1989 1198 30.1 4.88 6.2 2.5 1990 1280 31.3 5.00 O 2.4 CHAPTER 6 CURRICULUM This chapter included the curriculum, specifically those classes offered for credit, at CCSN, WNCC, TMCC, and NNCC between 1977-1993. The data for this chapter were gathered from the catalogs of each of the institutions. Many catalogs for each institution were examined, and new classes and degrees were noted. The expanding curriculum reflected the growing needs of the population served by each institution. Collecting the data for this proved to be a study in itself. It was not possible to locate a complete set of catalogs for each institution for the time period of this study. The search for these documents included community college and university libraries, departments of admissions and records at community colleges and universities, and state libraries and government documents collections. It was reported some of these historical documents had been discarded, thus limiting the complete data collection. A 85 86 company which produced college catalogs on microfiche was also contacted. They doubted that they had any collections dating back to 1977; they reported that institutions would generally purchase back collections. If the company did, by some chance, have such a back collection, the company was unwilling to search for it. This throw-away mentality limited the accuracy of this area of the study, and emphasized the importance of a sound document collection to mantain the history of an institution. All of the catalogs needed for this study were not available; some of the available catalogs were examined and this incomplete documentation is contained in Appendix C. Some general curricular trends of the four Nevada community colleges were observed, based upon these incomplete data. They were: 1. All colleges expanded their course offerings in many areas, including technical, vocational, and transfer. 2. New degrees and certificate programs were added in these areas. 3. Expansion of the course offerings and the degree and certificate programs was affected by enrollment growth, technological advancement, and changing needs of the population served by the institution. CHAPTER 7 FINANCE Introduction This chapter included the history of finance within the Nevada community colleges. Information for this chapter was gathered from the UNS and UCCSN annual operating budgets, Public Higher Education in Nevada: A Plan for the 70's for the University of Public Higher Nevada System submitted to the fifty sixth session of the Nevada State Legislature by the Board of Regents, Richardson and Jessup's "The History of Budget Formula Development for Nevada Universities", the August 1986 Study of Funding of Higher Education in Nevada by the Legislative Commission of the Legislative Counsel Bureau of the State of Nevada, and Recommendations for Community College Education in the State of Nevada: A Report to the Superintendent of Public Instruction. December 1968 by Arthur D. Little, Inc. Additional sources included interviews with Ruell Fiant and extant literature on funding in higher education. 87 88 History of Funding All public higher education in Nevada is funded by the formula funding system. Essentially, the budget for higher education is recommended by the governor and voted upon by the legislature. Once this budget is approved, the community colleges are funded at a ratio of FTE students to teachers. CCSN and TMCC are funded at 23:1, while NNCC and WNCC are funded at 21:1. The difference between these two funding ratios came about because WNCC and NNCC were considered more rural and "brand new schools" when the legislature originally decided the ratios; likewise, the legislature took into account the urban, more highly populated setting of CCSN and TMCC when setting those ratios. There is a sense that these ratios will be equalized in the near future. Some exceptions to these funding ratios occurred within programs. Vocational programs were funded at 18:1; nursing and dental hygiene were funded at 7.5:1. The ratio for developmental education was 18:1. This last ratio occurred largely through the efforts of the late Nick Horn, who was a Democratic Senator representing Clark County Senate District 7. Funding higher education based on FTE formula budgeting was a concept that had been used in many states. While it once fostered great success and growth in the community colleges, FTE formula funding may have outlived its usefulness. Rapidly growing numbers of part time students had not been accurately accounted for in the 89 formula. Richardson and Jessup (1981), quoted a UNLV administrator commenting about these students: "It is not FTE students that park their cars, walk on the grass, drink coffee in the Union, flush the toilets, and require record keeping, academic advising, and personal counseling - it is headcount students that do and need these things." (p. 66) Indeed, the same was true in the community college setting, Estimated Annual Operating Costs The Little Report estimated FTE enrollment used for calculating general operation and capital costs for 1970-71 through 1980-81. The study provided two different enrollment estimates for this time period labeled "Alternative I" and "Alternative II". The computations for estimating "Alternative I" were "based on previous experience of community college enrollments in other states." (Little, 1968, p. 11-52). "Alternative II" based its computations on recorded generated interest in community colleges from the senior high school class of 1967-68 in the state of Nevada. Within "Alternative I" and "Alternative II", the Little report also provided a high and a low estimate, taking into account possible fluctuations in community college interest. The Little Report estimated total operating and capital costs for the community colleges by averaging the low estimate of "Alternative I" and the high estimate of "Alternative II". The operating costs were computed on the FTE of the entire student 90 body, while the capital costs were computed on the FTE of the daytime enrollment. The logic behind using this section of the student body was that the nighttime students could use the same buildings and facilities as the daytime students. Because there was no previous community college history on which to base estimates of a cost per full time student, the Little Report drew upon ratios found historically in other states between parts of the operating budget which were then used to estimate the cost per student for Nevada's community colleges. "These relationships involve the number of students per instructor, the average salary per instructor, and the proportion that instructor salaries are of the total operating costs." (Little, 1968, p. IV-3) The Little Study's summary of estimated FTE enrollment used for calculating general operation and capital costs for 1970-71 through 1980-81 was shown in Tables 17 through 22. TABLE 17 OPERATING COSTS TOTAL FTE STUDENTS, ALTERNATIVE I, LOW ESTIMATE, LITTLE REPORT 1977-1978 1978-1979 1979-1980 1980-1981 Elko Campus 338 356 366 375 Las Vegas 5,119 5,444 5,444 5,844 Reno 3,438 3,644 3,768 3,892 TABLE 18 OPERATING COSTS TOTAL FTE STUDENTS, ALTERNATIVE II, HIGH ESTIMATE, LITTLE REPORT 1977-1978 1978-1979 1979-1980 1980-1981 Elko Campus 340 365 396 400 Las Vegas 5,065 5,402 5,718 6,100 Reno 3,421 3,609 3,953 4,203 91 TABLE 19 OPERATING COSTS TOTAL FTE STUDENTS, AVERAGED ESTIMATE, LITTLE REPORT 1977-1978 1978-1979 1979-1980 1980-1981 Elko Campus 339 361 381 388 Las Vegas 5,092 5,423 5,682 5,972 Reno 3,430 3,627 3,861 4,048 TABLE 20 CAPITAL COSTS DAYTIME STUDENTS, ALTERNATIVE I, LOW ESTIMATE, LITTLE REPORT 1977-1978 1978-1979 1979-1980 1980-1981 Elko Campus 270 285 293 300 Las Vegas 4,095 4,355 4,515 4,675 Reno 2,750 2,915 3,014 3,114 TABLE 21 CAPITAL COSTS DAYTIME STUDENTS, ALTERNATIVE II, HIGH ESTIMATE, LITTLE REPORT 1977-1978 1978-1979 1979-1980 1980-1981 Elko Campus 292 313 341 340 Las Vegas 3,958 4,215 4,447 4,748 Reno 2,686 1,816 3,109 3,299 TABLE 22 CAPITAL COSTS DAYTIME STUDENTS, AVERAGED ESTIMATE, LITTLE REPORT 1977-1978 1978-1979 1979-1980 1980-1981 Elko Campus 281 299 317 320 LasVegas 4,027 4,285 4,481 4,712 Reno 2,718 2,866 3,062 3,207 92 The average FTE enrollments multiplied by the total cost per FTE student yielded the total operating cost (charted in thousands of dollars) as shown in Tables 23 through 25. TABLE 23 AVERAGE FTE ENROLLMENT, LITTLE REPORT 1977-1978 1978-1979 1979-1980 1980-1981 Elko Campus 339 361 381 388 LasVegas 5,092 5,423 5,682 5,972 Reno 3,430 3,627 3,861 4,048 TABLE 24 TOTAL COST PER FTE STUDENT, LITTLE REPORT 1977-1978 1978-1979 1979-1980 1980-1981 Elko Campus 1,347 1,393 1,438 1,482 LasVegas, 1,058 1,089 1,119 1,149 Reno TABLE 25 TOTAL COST (IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS), LITTLE REPORT 1977-1978 1978-1979 1979-1980 1980-1981 Elko Campus 457 503 547 575 LasVegas 5,387 5,906 6,358 6,862 Reno 3,629 3,950 4,320 4,651 A later study, Public Higher Education in Nevada: A Plan for the 70's for the University of Public Higher Nevada System, similarly projected community college budgets based on FTE. This report took the preceding year's cost of (averaged) $1300 per FTE and increased 93 it by 6%. This figure was then multiplied by the projected number of FTE students. This study projected operating budgets for 1971- 72 through 1980-81. The data for the years 1977-78 through 1980- SI was represented in Table 26. TABLE 26 PROJECTED OPERATING BUDGETS, EDUCATION IN NEVADA 1977-78 1978-79 1979-80 1980-81 Cost/FTE $1,745 $1,850 $1,960 $2,080 Elko $558,400 $629,000 $686,000 $748,000 Reno $4,013,500 $4,625,000 $5,292,000 $6,240,000 Las Vegas $5,933,000 $6,845,000 $7,840,000 $8,944,000 Actual Annual Operating Budgets These budget projections may be compared to the actual annual operating budgets. Actual operating costs for the Nevada community colleges for the years 1977-1993, derived from the annual operating budgets of USN and UCCSN were reported in Table 27. 94 TABLE 27 ACTUAL ANNUAL OPERATING BUDGETS Year CCSN NNCC TMCC WNCC 1977-1978 1 978-1979 4,424,257 800,635 1979-1980 5,078,733 957,750 1980-1981 5,530,176 1,022,216 3,537,156 2,115,067 1981-1982 6,732,229 1,260,969 4,100,998 2,368,715 1982-1983 7,611,717 1,389,869 4,664,741 2,711,444 1 9 8 3 -1 9 8 4 8,158.801 1,517,157 5,205,972 2,552,392 1984-1985 8,676,520 1,589,636 5,559,665 2,758,380 1985-1986 9,534,482 1,889,206 6,760,152 3,268,477 1986-1987 10,261,652 2,014,631 7,281,286 3,519,884 1987-1988 11,439,743 2,260,897 8,152,715 4,044,253 1988-1989 12,214,032 2,433,264 8,873,593 4,428,026 198 9 -1 9 9 0 15,761,838 2,957,345 10,472,071 5,834,817 1990-1991 17,669,206 3,334,074 11,522,467 6,713,719 1991-1992 22,882,115 4,622,420 14,561,509 8,377,798 1992-1993 25,989,076 5,220,719 15,925,106 9,260,123 The budget information for 1978-79 and 1979-80 for TMCC and WNCC were collectively reported as the budget information for "Western". 95 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 h- 25000000 -- □ NNCC 20000000 -- TMCC 15000000 -■ WNCC 10000000 -- 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 -- I co l o • CM i ^ I \o i oo i o I CM r>-1'- o s CD — CO to oo If) CO Is- oo os os ■— as r"- os r-~ os oo as oo as oo as co as co as os as OS os os _ os os _ os T- os _ as _ FIGURE 4 ACTUAL ANNUAL OPERATING BUDGETS SUMMARY Community colleges in the state of Nevada are funded at a less favorable formula than the two universities in the state. In recent years, formulas have made some progress in improving the funding for community colleges, even though equality has not yet been attained. Special accommodations have been made within the formulae for certain occupational and remedial courses and for rural sections of the state. Formulae have become generally more favorable over time. CHAPTER 8 FACILITY AND FACULTY GROWTH This chapter included the facility and faculty growth of the Nevada Community Colleges. Sources for the data included documents from the four community colleges and interviews with various personnel in the areas of facilities and faculty. In addition, data were collected and summarized from the annual reports of the Nevada University and Community College System. Facility Growth The growth of the facilities of Nevada's community colleges was examined by institution. Within each institution, the area of service, campuses, and buildings were explored. CCSN Area of Service One of the motivations behind the 1991 name change of CCSN was the fact that the college served an area larger than Clark 96 97 County. Indeed, it served an area encompassing four counties in Nevada: Clark, Esmeralda, Lincoln, and Nye. Campuses CCSN had three campuses including Cheyenne, West Charleston, and Henderson. In addition, there were 35-40 off campus sites in which CCSN classes were offered. Among these were churches, hospitals, and public schools. In addition, Nellis Air Force personnel could attend classes on base. The Nellis Air base also housed a Federal Prison Camp, and prisoners could also participate in classes at the base. Classes were also offered at the Jean and Indian Springs prison facilities. Buildings A description of the detailed building square footage for each of the three campuses of CCSN was found in Table 28. TABLE 28 CCSN BUILDINGS, 1974-1993 Campus ______Square Feet Completion Date Cheyenne Main Buildings Phase I 43.000 1974 Phase II. Ill 144,100 1977 LRC 44,500 1983 Classroom Addition 2,400 1987 Physical Plant Building 6,222 1978 Physical Plant Addition 8,000 1993 Metal Storage 2,400 1982 Metal Storage 2,400 1982 Trailers 1,200 1986 Arts Complex 4,200 1987 Child Development Center 5,000 1993 TOTAL 263,422 Henderson Main Building 23,500 1981 Modular Building 3,160 1988 4 Green Houses 6,064 1988 Welding Shop Addition 4,100 1992 TOTAL 36,824 West Charleston Main Building 22,000 1988 Physical Therapy Addition 7,200 1990 Phase II 58,400 1992 TOTAL 87,600 GRAND TOTAL SQUARE FEET 387,846 0. Sandoval (personal communication, November 8, 1994) 99 WNCC Area of Service Western Nevada Community College served seven counties, and shared an eighth with Truckee Meadows. The seven counties WNCC served were Carson City, Churchill, Douglas, Lyon, Mineral, Pershing, and Storey. Washoe County was served by both WNCC and TMCC. Cam puses Western Nevada Community College consisted of two campuses: Carson City and Fallon. Additional space was rented in Carson City from the state's Stewart complex. Classes were also offered in seven county school districts. These school districts included Carson City, Churchill County, Douglas County, Lyon County, Mineral County, Pershing County, and Storey County. Local hospitals housed classes; these included Carson-Tahoe Hospital, Washoe Medical Center, St. Mary's, and Mt. Grant Hospital. Classes were also held at convalescent centers, including Carson Convalescent Center and Fallon Convalescent Center.. Prison programs were offered at correctional centers in Northern Nevada, including Nevada State Prison, Northern Nevada Correctional Center, and Nevada Womens' Correctional Center. TOO Buildings A description of the detailed building square footage for each of the three campuses of WNCC was found in Table 29. TABLE 29 WNCC BUILDINGS, 1974-1993 Campus Square Feet Completion Date Carson Citv Bristlecone Building 47,000 1977 Aspen 23.000 1989 Machine Tool Tech Bldg 5,000 1987 Science, Financial Aid 3,600 1991 Phase IV 6,300 1992 Family Services Center 7,500 1993 TOTAL 92,400 Fallon Main Building 10,480 1980 Back Building 896 1986 Phase II 7,500 1988 Phase IV 16,245 1992 TOTAL 35,121 GRAND TOTAL SQUARE FEET 127,521 B. Davies (personal communication, March 6, 1995) TMCC Area of Service Truckee Meadows Community College, formerly the North Campus of Western Nevada Community College served the Reno- Sparks metropolitan area and surrounding areas. 101 Campuses Truckee Meadows Community College has one campus, Dandini campus. Buildings A description of the detailed building square footage for the buildings of WNCC was found in Table 30. TABLE 30 TMCC FACILITIES, 1 976 -1 993 Dandini Campus ______Gross Square Feet Completion Date Phase II 38,632 1 9 7 6 Phase III 107,955 1980 Metal Building 7 5 0 1 9 8 6 Phase IV 52,294 1987 Metal Building 7 5 0 1 9 8 8 Phase V 51,622 1987 Radio/TV Addition 4 ,8 6 9 1 9 9 3 GRAND TOTAL SQUARE FEET 2 5 6 ,9 1 2 D. Eckes (personal communication, November 30, 1994) NNCC Area of Service Northern Nevada Community College serves five Nevada counties, and serves a sixth with Truckee Meadows Community College. The five counties served by NNCC are Elko, Eureka, Humboldt, Lander, and White Pine. Washoe County is served by both NCC and TMCC. Campuses NNCC operates classes primarily out of three facilities: its main campus, the Winnemucca Center, and the Ely Center. In addition, outreach centers were created throughout NNCC's vast service area. Buildings A description of the detailed building square footage for the buildings of WNCC was found in Table 31. TABLE 31 NNCC BUILDINGS, 1973-1995 Square Feet Completion Date Lundberg Hall 14,400 1973 McMullen Hall 27,000 1973 Welding Shop 4,440 1973 B&G Shed 150 1977 Material Storage 1,440 1979 TV-Radio Shed 150 1980 Material Storage 480 1980 Mill Maintenance Shop 4000 1981 Addition to Mill Shop 2066 1990 B&G Office-Storage 720 1983 Berg Hall 10,000 1983 Construction Trades 1,920 1987 Trailers (4) 2,622 1987 Equipment Storage 480 1989 College Community Center 12,100 1991 Phase I Greenhaw Tech Arts 22,800 1991 Colllege Community Center 13,000 1995 Phase II Mark Dawson Child Center 5,000 1995 TOTAL 122,768 Winnemucca Center Trailer (2) 1,404 1987-1991 Instructional Building 10,432-11,000 1995 TOTAL 11,837 Elv Center Instructional Building 10,707-15,000 1995 GRAND TOTAL SQUARE FEET 145,311 L. Carter (personal communication, December 2, 1994) 104 F a c u lty Leland Medsker, a name which has long been associated with the two year college, found that the faculty of any type of a college enjoy a large impact on the institution. "They are the primary agents of curriculum development, instruction, services to students, and community relationships. They, and the students, make the institution what it is." (Medsker p. 169) The faculty growth in Nevada's community colleges has been documented in the UNS and UCCSN annual operating budgets, and may be traced in Table 32 below. TABLE 32 NEW FACULTY POSITIONS CCSN NNCC TMCC WNCC 1977-78 1978-79 -7.01 -1.36 -1.59 2.12 1979-80 7.93 4.30 5.18 10.59 1980-81 11.09 -0.52 8.96 2.42 1981-82 4.93 1.08 4.79 1.77 1982-83 9.26 0.88 8.62 6.15 1983-84 -8.27 0.00 764 -7.03 1984-85 11.62 0.83 7.23 6.03 1985-86 -9.60 1.73 2.77 3.00 1986-87 4.45 0.24 3.38 0.44 1987-88 0.72 1.98 2.79 -1.16 1988-89 1.71 0.89 3.14 5.71 1989-90 43.11 6.72 12.70 15.32 1990-91 10.10 2.87 6.47 6.62 1991-92 55.10 9.98 31.80 17.31 1992-93 16.70 4.50 7.90 5.70 105 New faculty positions for 1978-79 for TMCC were reported as "WNCC South". New faculty positions for 1978-79 for WNCC were reported as "WNCC North". It was not possible to document the area of disciplines which recieved these new faculty members; the Human Resouces Department was unable to make this information available. SUMMARY Areas of service have been designated so that the four community colleges serve the entire state. The largest and by far the most populous service area is that of CCSN. The smallest but second most populous area is that of TMCC. The second largest but the least populous is NNCC. Capital projects were funded directly by the legislature. One of the ways the legislature was persuaded to appropriate money for expansion is through evidence of heavy usage of current facilities. Thus, as enrollment increased and use of facilities expanded, funding for capital expansion was appropriated. Capital expansion at all four community colleges was documented in this chapter. New faculty positions were also funded through evidence of need, and these new faculty positions were documented in this chapter. CHAPTER 9 SUMMARY, TRENDS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FURTHER STUDY S u m m ary The purpose of this study was to develop a written account of the history of the public two-year colleges in the state of Nevada, focused on the time period from 1977-1993. While this history was, for a large part, viewed as the history of the system, the areas of enrollment, finance, curriculum, governance, and facility/faculty growth were explored campus by campus to describe the individualities of each unit. The community college system in Nevada was a system of public higher education which was developed late in the national time frame; nonetheless, it has experienced exciting and rapid growth in the relatively short time span covered by this study. General historical development of the community college system in Nevada from 1977 to 1993 was documented, and historical trends of all the various institutions with respect to governance, demographics, curriculum, finance, and facility and faculty growth 106 107 were explored. The four public two year colleges studied included Community College of Southern Nevada, (formerly Clark County Community College), Western Nevada Community College, Truckee Meadows Community College, and Northern Nevada Community College. Within all institutions, change and development were noted in all areas concerned. In summary, the governance of the system grew as the system grew. Originally, there was one community college with one administrator. By 1993, there were four community colleges in Nevada, each institution led by a president. Growth was noted in the area of enrollment demographics. This was largely due to the rapidly growing population of the state. This rapid growth also contributed to the changing curriculum, which developed to meet the needs of the populations served by the institutions. The community colleges were still funded by formula funding, but the funding ratios appeared to become more favorable over the time period studied. The funding for faculty and facilities was appropriated by the legislature as the need for additional facility and facilities was demonstrated. T re n d s Trends were noted in all areas studied, including governance, demographics, curriculum, finance, and facility and faculty growth. The governance of Nevada's public two-year colleges evolved as the state and the institutions grew. Legislative financial impact 108 increased progressively as the colleges grew. This continued until the colleges experienced a shortfall in the early 1990s. This shortfall was linked to state tax revenues. The enrollment in Nevada's public two year colleges has increased in direct proportion to the population growth the state has experienced. While, since 1977, 2.4% (plus or minus 0.2%) of the population of the state has been enrolled in Nevada's public two year colleges, the enrollment in these institutions has accounted for an increasing percent of the national enrollment. The growing population of the state and the increased enrollment in its public two-year colleges contributed to the development of the curriculum at the institutions. All colleges studied expanded their course offerings in many areas, including technical, vocational, and transfer. In addition, new certificate and degree programs were added in these new and expanded areas. Other factors, besides population growth, which impacted the expansion of curriculum, were technological advancement and the changing needs of the population served by the institutions. Formula funding has been the method of funding all public higher education in Nevada, but two-year colleges have been funded at a less favorable formula than the universities. During the period of this study, the formulas had improved, although equality had not yet been attained. Special accommodations for formulae for certain occupational and remedial courses and for rural sections of the state had been made. 109 The four two-year colleges in this study were found to service the entire state of Nevada. As the state's population increased and the institutions' enrollment and facility use expanded, evidence had been provided to the legislature to support the funding of more capital projects and of more faculty positions. Recommendations for Further Study 1. A similar study, but one including all aspects of the public two year college in Nevada, could be conducted, either on an institutional level, or at the system level, to create and document a holistic historical data base. 2. Caserta's 1980 concept of an appointed college historian could be initiated on an institutional level. It appears not much has changed since his findings that "important historical information was found scattered throughout department files, instructors' files, and storerooms; also much of the material so located was undated or its source not indicated." (Caserta, 1980, p180) Indeed, some of the documents for this study had reportedly been thrown away. 3. The historical documentation by community colleges and/or systems in other states could be studied, a model located, and modified (if necessary) to provide Nevada with a paradigm upon which to shape its historical development. APPENDIX I BOARD OF REGENTS, OFFICERS OF UNS 1977-1993 1 9 7 7 -1 9 7 8 Board of Regents: James L. Buchanan II, Chairman. Molly Knudtsen, Vice Chairman. Fred M. Anderson, M.D., John Buchanan, Lilly Fong, Chris Karamanos, Louis E. Lombardi, M.D., Brenda D. Mason, John Tom Ross. Bonnie M. Smotony, Secretary to the Board Officers of the University of Nevada System: Dr. Neil D. Humphrey, Chancellor; Dr. Max Milam, President UNR; Dr. Donald H. Baepler, President UNLV; Dr. Lloyd P. Smith, President DRI; Dr. Charles R. Donnelly, President Community College Division. 197 8 -1 9 7 9 Board of Regents: James L. Buchanan II, Chairman. Molly Knudtsen, Vice Chairman. Fred M. Anderson, M.D., John Buchanan, Lilly Fong, Chris Karamanos, Louis E. Lombardi, M.D., Brenda D. Mason, John Tom Ross. Bonnie M. Smotony, Secretary to the Board. Officers of the University of Nevada System: Dr. Donald H. Baepler, Chancellor University of Nevada System; Dr. Joseph N. Crowley, 110 111 President UNR; Dr. Brock Dixon, President UNLV; Dr. Lloyd P. Smith, President DRI Community College Division: Dr. Paul Kreider, President CCCC; Dr. William J. Berg, President NNCC; Jack Davis, President WNCC 197 9 -1 9 8 0 Board of Regents: Robert Cashell, Chairman. John Tom Ross, Vice- Chairman. James L. Buchanan II, Lilly Fong, Chris Karamanos, Molly Knutsen, Louis E. Lombardi, M.D., John McBride. Bonnie M. Smotony, Secretary to the Board Officers of the University of Nevada System: Dr. Donald H. Baepler, Chancellor University of Nevada System; Dr. Joseph N. Crowley, President UNR; Dr. Leonard Goodall, President UNLV; Dr. Lloyd P. Smith, President DRI Community College Division: Dr. Judith Eaton, President CCCC; Dr. William J. Berg, President NNCC; Jack Davis, President WNCC 1980-1981 Board of Regents: Robert Cashell, Chairman. John Tom Ross, Vice- Chairman. James L. Buchanan II, Lilly Fong, Christ N. Karamanos, Molly Knutsen, Louis E. Lombardi, M.D., John McBride, June F. Whitley. Bonnie M. Smotony, Secretary to the Board Officers of the University of Nevada System: Dr. Donald H. Baepler, Chancellor University of Nevada System; Dr. Joseph N. Crowley, 112 President UNR; Dr. Leonard Goodall, President UNLV; Dr. Judith Eaton, President CCCC; Dr. William J. Berg, President NNCC; Dr. Jam es V. Eardley, President TMCC; Dr. Jack Davis, President WNCC; Dr. Clifford J. Murino, President DRI 198 1 -1 9 8 2 Board of Regents: Robert Cashed, Chairman. John McBride, Vice- Chairman. James L. Buchanan ii, Lilly Fong, Christ N. Karamanos, Dorothy S. Gallagher, Frankie Sue Del Papa, John Tom Ross, June F. Whitley. Bonnie M. Smotony, Secretary of the Board. Officers of the University of Nevada System: Dr. Robert M. Bersi, Chancellor University of Nevada System; Dr. Joseph N. Crowley, President UNR; Dr. Leonard Goodall, President UNLV; Dr. Judith Eaton, President CCCC; Dr. William J. Berg, President NNCC; Dr. Jam es V. Eardley, President TMCC;Jack Davis, President WNCC; Dr. Clifford J. Murino, President DRI 1 9 8 2 -1 9 8 3 Board of Regents: Robert Cashed, Chairman. John McBride, Vice- Chairman. James L. Buchanan ii, Lilly Fong, Christ N. Karamanos, Dorothy S. Gallagher, Frankie Sue Del Papa, John Tom Ross, June F. Whitley. Bonnie M. Smotony, Secretary of the Board. Officers of the University of Nevada System: Dr. Robert M. Bersi, Chancellor University of Nevada System; Dr. Joseph N. Crowley, President UNR; Dr. Leonard Goodall, President UNLV; Dr. Judith Eaton, President CCCC; Dr. William J. Berg, President NNCC; Dr. Jam es V. 113 Eardley, President TMCC;Jack Davis, President WNCC; Dr. Clifford J. Murino, President DRI 1 9 8 3 -1 9 8 4 Board of Regents: John R. McBride, Chairman. Dorothy S. Gallagher, Vice-Chairman. Lilly Fong, Christ N. Karamanos, Joan Kenney, Frankie Sue Del Papa, June F. Whitley, JoAnn Sheerin, Daniel J. Klaich. Mary Lou Moser, Secretary of the Board Officers of the University of Nevada System: Dr. Robert M. Bersi, Chancellor, University of Nevada System; Dr. Joseph N. Crowley, President UNR; Dr. Leonard Goodall, President UNLV; Dr. Dale Johnston, Acting President CCCC; Dr. William J. Berg, President NNCC; Dr. James V Eardley, President TMCC; Dr. Anthony Calabro, President WNCC; Dr. Warren Kocmond, Acting President DRI. 19 84-1985 Board of Regents: John R. McBride, Chairman. Dorothy S. Gallagher, Vice-Chairman. Lilly Fong, Christ N. Karamanos, Joan Kenney, Frankie Sue Del Papa, June F. Whitley, JoAnn Sheerin, Daniel J. Klaich. Mary Lou Moser, Secretary of the Board Officers of the University of Nevada System: Dr. Robert M. Bersi, Chancellor, University of Nevada System; Dr. Joseph N. Crowley, President UNR; Dr. Robert Maxson, President UNLV; Dr. Paul Meacham, President CCCC; Dr. William J. Berg, President NNCC; Dr. Jam es V 114 Eardley, President TMCC; Dr. Anthony Calabro, President WNCC; Dr. George Hidy, President DRI. 198 5 -1 9 8 6 Board of Regents: Daniel J. Klaich, Chairman. Joan Kenney, Vice- Chairman. Carolyn M. Sparks, Christ N. Karamanos, Joseph M. Foley, Frankie Sue Del Papa, June F. Whitley, JoAnn Sheerin, Dorothy S. Gallagher. Mary Lou Moser, Secretary of the Board Officers of the University of Nevada System: Dr. Robert M. Bersi, Chancellor, University of Nevada System; Dr. Joseph N. Crowley, President UNR; Dr. Robert Maxson, President UNLV; Dr. Paul Meacham, President CCCC; Dr. William J. Berg, President NNCC; Dr. Jam es V. Eardley, President TMCC; Dr. Anthony Calabro, President WNCC; Dr. George Hidy, President DRI. 1 9 8 6 -1 9 8 7 Board of Regents: Daniel J. Klaich, Chairman. Joan Kenney, Vice- Chairman. Carolyn M. Sparks, Christ N. Karamanos, Joseph M. Foley, Frankie Sue Del Papa, June F. Whitley, JoAnn Sheerin, Dorothy S. Gallagher. Mary Lou Moser, Secretary of the Board Officers of the University of Nevada System: Dr. Robert M. Bersi, Chancellor, University of Nevada System; Dr. Joseph N. Crowley, President UNR; Dr. Robert Maxson, President UNLV; Dr. Paul Meacham, President CCCC; Dr. William J. Berg, President NNCC; Dr. John Gwaltney, President TMCC; Dr. Anthony Calabro, President WNCC; Dr. George Hidy, President DRI. 115 1987-1988 Board of Regents: June F. Whitley, Chairman. Dorothy S. Gallagher, Vice-Chairman. Carolyn M. Sparks, Christ N. Karamanos, Joseph M. Foley, V. James Eardley, Joan Kenney, JoAnn Sheerin, Daniel J. Klaich. Mary Lou Moser, Secretary to the Board. Officers of the University of Nevada System: Mr. Mark H. Dawson, Chancellor, University of Nevada System; Dr. Joseph N. Crowley, President UNR; Dr. Robert Maxson, President UNLV; Dr. Paul Meacham, President CCCC; Dr. William J. Berg, President NNCC; Dr. John Gwaltney, President TMCC; Dr. Anthony Calabro, President WNCC; Dr. James Taranik, President DRI. 1 9 88-1989 Board of Regents: June F. Whitley, Chairman. Dorothy S. Gallagher, Vice-Chairman. Carolyn M. Sparks, Christ N. Karamanos, Joseph M. Foley, V. James Eardley, Joan Kenney, JoAnn Sheerin, Daniel J. Klaich. Mary Lou Moser, Secretary of the Board Officers of the University of Nevada System: Mr. Mark H. Dawson, Chancellor, University of Nevada System; Dr. Joseph N. Crowley, President UNR; Dr. Robert Maxson, President UNLV; Dr. Paul Meacham, President CCCC; Dr. William J. Berg, President NNCC; Dr. John Gwaltney, President TMCC; Dr. Anthony Calabro, President WNCC; Dr. James Taranik, President DRI. 116 1 9 89-1990 Board of Regents: Dorothy S. Gallagher, Chairman. Carolyn M Sparks, Vice Chairman Jill Derby, V. James Eardley, Joseph M. Foley, Lonnie Hammargren, Daniel J. Klaich, Sig Rogich, June F. Whitley. Mary Lou Moser, Secretary of the Board. Officers of the University of Nevada System: Mr. Mark H. Dawson, Chancellor, University of Nevada System; Dr. Joseph N Crowley, President UNR; Dr. Robert C. Maxson, President UNLV; Dr. Paul Meacham, President CCCC; Dr. Ronald Remington, President NNCC; Dr. John Gwaltney, President TMCC; Dr. Anthony Calabro, President WNCC; Dr. James Taranik, President DRI. 1990-1991 Board of Regents: Mrs. Dorothy S. Gallagher, Chairman. Mrs. Carolyn M Sparks, Vice Chairman Mrs. Shelley Berkley, Dr. Jill Derby, Dr. V. James Eardley, Mr. Joseph M. Foley, Dr. Lonnie Hammargren, Mr. Daniel J. Klaich, Mrs. June F. Whitley. Ms. Mary Lou Moser, Secretary of the Board. Officers of the University of Nevada System: Mr. Mark H. Dawson, Chancellor, University of Nevada System; Dr. Joseph N Crowley, President UNR; Dr. Robert C. Maxson, President UNLV; Dr. Paul Meacham, President CCCC; Dr. Ronald Remington, President NNCC; Dr John Gwaltney, President TMCC; Dr. Anthony Calabro, President WNCC; Dr. James Taranik, President DRI. 117 1 9 9 1 -1 9 9 2 Board of Regents: Mrs. Carolyn Sparks, Chairman. Dr. V. James Eardley, Vice Chairman. Mrs. Shelley Berkley, Mr. Joseph M. Foley. Dr. Lonnie Hammargren, Dr. Jill Derby, Mrs. Dorothy S. Gallagher, Mr. Daniel J. Klaich, Mrs. June F. Whitley. Ms. Mary Lou Moser, Secretary of the Board. Officers of the University of Nevada System: Mr. Mark H. Dawson, Chancellor, University of Nevada System; Dr. Joseph N. Crowley, President UNR; Dr. Robert C. Maxson, President UNLV; Dr. Paul Meacham, President CCCC; Dr. Ronald Remington, President NNCC; Dr John Gwaltney, President TMCC; Dr. Anthony Calabro, President WNCC; Dr. Jam es Taranik, President DRI. 199 2 -1 9 9 3 Board of Regents: Mrs. Carolyn Sparks, Chairman. Dr. V. James Eardley, Vice Chairman. Mrs. Shelley Berkley, Mr. Joseph M. Foley. Dr. Lonnie Hammargren, Dr. Jill Derby, Mrs. Dorothy S. Gallagher, Mr. Daniel J. Klaich, Mrs. June F. Whitley. Ms. Mary Lou Moser, Secretary of the Board Officers of the University of Nevada System: Mr. Mark H. Dawson, Chancellor, University and Community College System of Nevada; Dr. Joseph N. Crowley, President UNR; Dr. Robert C. Maxson, President UNLV; Dr. Paul Meacham, President CCCC; Dr. Ronald Remington, President NNCC; Dr John Gwaltney, President TMCC; Dr. Anthony Calabro, President WNCC; Dr. James Taranik, President DRI. APPENDIX II C/J LU CD -J < - I ID cc LU CO 3 < CD OC - > fN. 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Q. o . a CO CU cu CU C x a. 3 i— cu cn SZ ! z |!S CJ £ CO XL CJ ^ -g ^ CJ zs £ o U o 73 z z *-> o £» co o 73 ro U cuCU co > 7 3 ro o 2 s 2 cn 53 : JOCD X J = t U= CJ J — CJ - ro,ft •- O°> i cu „»C33 c CD cn O (Sen ’ ’ £ — £ 3 >1 CD >1 ^ cu 3 c 12 , > O ) CO CO ) O CU 73 xfr ro c APPENDIX III CURRICULUM SUMMARY CCSN 1991-1993 Dearee/Maiors added in 1991-1993 Occupational Certificate of Achievement Programs added in 1991 1993 New Courses added in 1991-1993 Air Conditioning 5 AC114B Heat Load and Duct Design AC115B Trouble-Shooting Residential Air Conditioning AC116B Copper Fundamentals AC200B Commercial Refrigeration I AC201B Pneumatics Accounting 1 ACC122 Accounting Using Lotus 1-2-3 American Sign Language 3 AM148B American Sign Language IV AM201B Interpreting I AM202B Interpreting II Anthropology 0 129 130 A rt 0 Astronomy 0 Automotive Technologies 0 Biology 3 BIOL122 Plants of the Southwestern Deserts BIOL130 Preparatory Biology BIOL250 General Microbiology I Building Technology 0 Business 0 Child Development 2 CD168 Infectious Diseases and First Aid in Child Care CD254 Advanced Child Guidance Chemistry 0 Computing and Information Technologies 1 CIT230B Computer Simulation Clinical Laboratory Science (Medical Laboratory Technology) 3 CLS1 51B Phlebotomy CLS152B Applied Phlebotomy CLS216 Applied Instrumentation Criminal Justice 0 Computer Science 0 Dance 0 Drafting 0 Dental Hygiene 0 131 Economics 0 Education 1 EDUC245 Adult Learning: A Clinical Approach Engineering 0 Emergency Medical Services 2 EMS113B EMS First Responder EMS175B Pediatric Advanced Life Support English 0 Environmental Science 0 Environmental Restoration Technology English Second Language 0 Electronics 0 Finance, Banking 0 French 0 Fire Science 5 FS110B Introduction to Wildland Fire Fighting FS260B Wildland Fire Administration FS261B Intermediate Fire Behavior FS262B Urban-Wildland Fire Operations FS263B Strike Team Leader/Initial Attack Incident Command Graphic Arts 8 GA101B Introduction to Graphic Arts GA113B Film Assembly and Platemaking 132 GA115B Ink, Paper and the Environment GA208B Introduction to Computer Graphics GA209B Bindery and Finishing Operations GA121B Survey of Printing Technologies GA255B Computer Illustration I GA276B Desktop Publishing General EquivalencyDiploma 0 Geography 0 Geology 0 German 0 History 0 Health 1 HLTH150 Health and Fitness Human Services 0 Hotel, Restaurant, andCasino Management 24 HRC126B Pai Gow HRC127B Pai Gow Poker HRCT64B Professional Culinary Arts I: Basic Cooking HRC165B Professional Culinary Arts II HRC166B Sanitation and Safety HRC1 67B Food Service Nutrition HRC168B Garde Manger I HRC170B Professional Culinary Arts III HRC171V Professional Culinary Arts IV HRC177B Therapeutic Nutrition HRC183B Principles of Baking II HRC188B Garde Manger 11 HRC202B Housekeeping Operations HRC204B Advanced Casino Operations and Management HRC205B Card Counting for Casino Executives 133 HRC206B Advanced Casino Surveillance HRC215B Hotel, Restaurant and Casino Operations Analysis HRC261B Survey of International Cuisine HRC280B Hotel, Restaurant and Casino Marketing Research HRC281B Advanced Hotel, Restaurant and Casino Marketing Research HRC295B Work Experience I HRC296B Work Experience II HRC297B Work Experience III HRC298B Work Experience IV Insurance 0 Italian ITAL101B Conversational Italian ITAL102B Conversational Italian Journalism 0 Japanese 2 JPN113 First Year Japanese JPN114 First Year Japanese Law 0 Library Skills 0 Math 4 MATH93D Pre-Algebra MATH100D Math for Allied Health Programs MATH117B Introduction to the Metric System MATH283 Intermediate Calculus Management *IT APPEARS THIS AREA OF CONCENTRATION IS NEW Mental Health, Mental Retardation 12 MHMR101B Role of the Technician in Mental Health 134 MHMR103B Psychopathology and Developmental Disabilities MHMR104B Introduction to Therapeutic Intervention MHMR105B Aggressive Behavior Intervention MHMR125B Managing Aggressive Behavior MHMR126 Understanding Mental Retardation MHMR127 Application of Learning Theory in Mental Retardation MHMR128B Functional Skills Training in Mental Retardation MHMR150B Issues of Substance Abuse MHMR152B Allied Therapies MHMR153S Life Span Development MHMR154B Advanced Therapeutic Intervention Marketing 0 Mechanical Technology 4 MRT100B Introduction to ICD 9 - CM MRT101B Current Procedural Terminology MRT118 Language of Medicine MRT203 Health Care Law Metallurgy, Welding 0 Music 12 MUS119 Orchestra MUS122 Introduction to Music Literature MUS177 Jazz Combo MUS178 Woodwind Ensemble MUS180 Introduction to Recording MUS187 Brass Ensemble MUS197 Concert Band MUS201 Music Theory I MUS202 Music Theory II MUS271 Advanced Music Theory I MUS272 Advanced Music Theory II MUS281 Intermediate Recording Techniques 135 Nursing 4 NURS050B1 Nursing Assistant NURS103B Dosage and Calculations Skills for Nurses NURS105B Medical Component NURS202B Intravenous and Enteral Therapy for Nurses Office Administration 2 OA213B Word Processing III OA251B Word Perfect Word Processing Ornamental Horticulture, Landscaping 1 OH221B LANDCADD II Physical Education 0 *IT APPEARS THIS AREA OF CONCENTRATION IS NEW Pharmacy 3 PHAR101B Pharmacy Techniques PHAR110B Pharmacy Tech Pharmacology PHAR126N Pharmacy Technician Practicum Philosophy 0 Physics 1 PHYS110 Physical Science Political Science 1 PSC207 Discover Nevada Government Psychology 0 *IT APPEARS THIS AREA OF CONCENTRATION IS NEW Physical Therapist Assistant 11 PTA115 Introduction to Physical Therapy PTA121 Therapeutic Modalities I PTA123 Therapeutic Exercise I PTA124 Clinical Practicum I PTA134 Clinical Practicum II 136 PTA241 Therapeutic Modalities II PTA243 Therapeutic Exercise II PTA244 Clinical Practicum III PTA255 Advanced Procedures for the PTA PTA256 Clinical Practicum IV PTA257 Seminar Real Estate RE109B Basics of Commercial Real Estate Reading READ091 Reading Skills I READ093 Reading Skills II READ095 Reading Skills III READ097 Reading Skills IV Russian 0 Sociology 0 Spanish 0 *IT APPEARS THIS AREA OF CONCENTRATION IS NEW Spelling SPEL095 Spelling Skills I SPEL097 Spelling Skills II Speech/Theatre 0 *IT APPEARS THIS AREA OF CONCENTRATION IS NEW Vocabulary Skills V0C095 Vocabulary Skills I V0C097 Vocabulary Skills II 137 CCSN 1989-1991 Deqree/Maiors added in 1989-1991 Occupational Certificate of Achievement Programs added in 1989- 1991 New Courses added in 1989-1991 Air Conditioning AC102B Basic Electricity for Air Conditioning AC109B Duct Design for Residential Air Conditioning AC110B Electric Heating and Cooling AC111B Heat Pumps AC112B Psychometrics and Air Measurements AC113B Troubleshooting HVAC Accounting 0 *THIS AREA OF EMPHASIS APPEARS TO BE NEW Animal Health Technician 14 AHT101B Introduction to Animal Health Technology AHT11 5B Animal Diseases and Pathology AHT125B Office Procedures AHT127B Basic Nursing and Management Procedures AHT131B Clinical Practicum I AHT202B Clinical Lab Procedures AHT205B Radiology AHT208B Lab Animal Science AHT211B Animal Nutrition AHT225B Pharmacology and Toxicology AHT231B Clinical Practicum II AHT235B Surgery Procedures and Anesthesia AHT240B Large Animal Procedures AHT265B Clinical Practicum III American Sign Language AM147B American Sign Language III AMI 50B Deaf Culture and History Anthropology Art ART264B Cast Metal Sculpture Workshop ART276B Intermediate Ceramics Astronomy Automotive Technologies Biology BIO101 General Biology BI0190 Principles of Modern Biology 1 BI0191 Principles of Modern Biology II *IT APPEARS THIS AREA OF EMPHASIS IS NEW Building Technology BT101B Introduction to Field Inspection BT102B Introduction to Building Codes BT103B Introduction to the National Electric Code BT104B Introduction to the Uniform Plumbing Code BT105B Introduction to the Uniform Mechanical Code BT108B Specifications BT110B Structural Inspection BT120 Architectural Drafting and Design 1 BT121 Architectural Graphics 1 BT123B Blueprint Reading for the Building Trades BT125 Construction Estimating BT150B Plumbing Principles and Methods BT151B H.V.A.C. Principles BT152B Electrical Construction Wiring BT153B Concrete and Masonry BT1 54B Structural Steel 139 BT200B Building Codes II BT202B N.E.C. Topics II BT203B U.P.C. Topics 11 BT204B U.M.C. Topics II BT220 Architectural Drafting & Design II BT221 Architectural Graphic II BT250 Construction Law Contracts BT251 Construction Equipment BT252 Construction Methods BT253 Construction Management Business 1 BUS161B Family Financial Planning Child Development 5 CD136 Study Individual Child CD 194 Understanding the Mentally Retarded CD195 Applications of Learning Theory in Mental Retardation CD196 Specialized Techniques and Services in Mental Retardation CD197 Charting and Data Collection in Mental Retardation Chemistry 1 CHEM109B Preliminary Study of Organic Chemistry Computing and InformationTechnologies 0 Clinical Laboratory Science (Medical Laboratory Technology) 0 Criminal Justice 0 Computer Science 0 Dance 0 Drafting 0 Dental Hygiene 0 140 Economics 0 Education 0 Engineering 0 Emergency Medical Services 0 English 0 Environmental Science 0 English Second Language 0 Electronics 5 ET120B Electronics Theory AC and DC ET212B Digital Logic I ET213B Digital Logic II ET255B Applied Solid State Electronics ET257B Applied Solid State Electronics, Phase II Finance, Banking 0 French 0 Fire Science 0 Graphic Arts 2 GA150 Intermediate Photography GA240B Nature Photography General Equivalency Diploma 1 GED103B Essay Writing Geography 0 141 Geology 1 GE0L103 Physical Geology Laboratory German 0 History 0 *IT APPEARS THIS AREA OF CONCENTRATION IS NEW Health 2 HLTH106B Radiation Protection for Dental Auxiliaries HLTH107B Intraoral Radiographic Technique Human Services 4 HMS106B Human Services Practicum I HMS135B Cross Cultural Relations HMS206B Human Services Practicum II HMS265B Death and Dying Hotel, Restaurant, and Casino Management 7 HRC101 Introduction to Hotel, Restaurant and Casino Management HRC111 Food and Beverage Purchasing HRC112 Restaurant Management I HRC161 Quantity Food Production I HRC162 Quantity Food Production II HRC225 Hotel, Restaurant, and Gaming Law HRC260 Hotel Restaurant Facilities, Planning & Equipment Insurance INS112 Property Insurance INS115 Liability Insurance Journalism 0 142 Japanese 1 JPN102B Conversational Japanese II Law 0 Library Skills 0 Math 2 MATH91D Elementary Algebra MATH105 Fundamentals of College Math Management 0 Marketing 0 *THIS APPEARS TO BE A NEW AREA OF CONCENTRATION Mechanical Technology 7 MT102B Fundamentals of Electricity MT104B Industrial Electricity MT106B Mechanical Power Transmission MT108B Fluid Power MT110B Material Science MT112B Statistical Process Control MT114B Material Handling Metallurgy, Welding MTL1 54B Structural Welding Codes Music MUSI 49 Harp MUSI 56 String Instruments MUSI 73 Percussion Ensemble MUSI 74 Keyboard Ensemble MUS249 Harp MUS256 String Instruments 143 Nursing 3 NURS101 Fundamentals of Nursing NURS102 Fundamentals of Nursing Clinical NURS205B Introduction to Associate Degree Nursing Office Administration 0 Ornamental Horticulture, Landscaping 4 OH215B Advanced Irrigation Design OH216B Floral Design/Advanced Ikebana OH217B Advanced Landscape Design OH219B Landcadd Physical Education 0 Philosophy 0 Physics 3 PHYS180 Engineering Physics I PHYS181 Engineering Physics II PHYS182 Engineering Physics III Political Science 0 Psychology 0 Real Estate 0 *IT APPEARS THIS AREA OF CONCENTRATION IS NEW Reading 2 READ133B Speed Reading READ135B College Reading Russian 0 Sociology 0 Spanish 0 144 Speech/Theatre 0 CCSN 1982-1983 Dearee/Maiors added in 1982-1983 Occupational Certificate of Achievement Programs added in 1982- 1983 New Courses added in 1982-1983 Accounting 0 Anthropology 3 ANTH102 GeneralAnthropology: Biological Factors ANTH211 Prehistory of North and Middle America ANTH299 Special Topics Art 0 Astronomy 0 Automotive Technologies 0 Biology 0 Business 0 Child Development 0 Chemistry 0 145 Computing and Information Technologies/Data Processing 0 Criminal Justice 3 AOJ195B Practicum/lnternship A0J196B Practicum/lnternship AOJ246B Supervision for Security *IT APPEARS THIS AREA OF CONCENTRATION IS NEW Computer Science 1 CSC110 Introduction to Computers Drafting 0 Dental Hygiene 0 Economics 0 Education 0 Emergency Medical Services 0 English 0 *IT APPEARS THIS AREA OF CONCENTRATION IS NEW Environmental Science 1 ENV101 Man and Environment English Second Language 1 ESL100D Pronunciation and Listening Skills for ESL Electronics 0 Finance, Banking 0 French 0 Fire Science Graphic Arts GA235B Silk Screen General Equivalency Diploma Geography History Human Services Hotel, Restaurant, and Casino Management CM115 Casino Marketing and Sales Insurance Journalism *IT APPEARS THIS AREA OF CONCENTRATION Law LAW101B Fundamentals of Law LAW131B Legal Research I LAW132B Legal Research II Math Management MGT291 Women in Management Marketing Mechanical Technology Metallurgy, Welding Nursing 147 Office Administration 0 Ornamental Horticulture, Landscaping 8 OH 102 Beginning Floral Design 0H104B Floriculture 0H106B Dry/Artificial Floral Design OH202B Advanced Floral Design 1 OH204B Advanced Floral Design II 0H206B Advanced Floral Design III OH209B Arboriculture OH211B Park/Nursery Management Physical Education 9 PED170 Introduction to Physical Education PED104 Jazz Dance PED110 Backpacking and Camping PED143 Co-ed Volleyball PED155 Self Defense PED178 Dancercise PED185 Beginning Ballet PED207 Creative Dance PED220 Modern Dance Philosophy 0 Physics 0 Political Science 0 Psychology 0 Real Estate 0 Sociology 0 Spanish 0 148 Speech 0 Theatre 0 CCSN 1981-1982 Dearee/Maiors added in 1981-1982 Occupational Certificate of Achievement Programs added in 1981- 1982 New Courses added in 1981-1982 Accounting 0 Anthropology 0 Art 5 ART110 Intermediate Drawing ART1 24 Fundamentals of Composition-Design I ART214 Survey of American Art ART280 Beginning Photography ART297 Independent Study Astronomy 0 Automotive Technologies 0 Biology 0 Business 0 Child Development 2 CD241 Practicum for Teacher Aides I CD242 Practicum for Teacher Aides II 149 Chemistry 0 Computing and Information Technologies/Data Processing 0 Criminal Justice 0 Drafting 0 Dental Hygiene 0 Economics 0 Education 0 Emergency Medical Services 0 English 0 Environmental Science 0 English Second Language 0 Electronics 0 Finance, Banking 0 French 0 Fire Science 0 Graphic Arts 15 GA104B Layout and Typography GA108B The Portfolio and Job Application GA110B Audio Visual Techniques GA111B Airbrush I GA175 Photography I GA200B Graphic Production II GA250 Photography II 150 GA252 Photographic Illustration GA262 Design II GA271 Advertising Design II GA285B Photographic Lighting GA286B Commercial Photography GA289B Graphics Internship GA288B Special Problems Graphics GA256B Technical Illustration I General Equivalency Diploma 0 *IT APPEARS THIS AREA OF CONCENTRATION IS NEW Geography 1 History 0 Health Information Technology Hotel, Restaurant, and Casino Management 0 Insurance 0 Journalism 0 Math 1 MATH182 Calculus II Management 0 Marketing 0 Metallurgy, Welding 0 Nursing 0 Office Administration 0 151 Ornamental Horticulture, Landscaping 8 OH101 Nursery Practice OH103 Ornamental Plant Identification and Materials 0H105 Soils and Plant Nutrition OH111 Turfgrass Management 0H201 Turf Sprinkler Systems Design OH203 Plant Diseases and Pests OH205 Landscape Planning/Design OH207 Landscape Construction Physical Education 0 Philosophy 0 Physics 0 Political Science 0 Psychology 0 Real Estate 0 Sociology 0 Spanish 0 Speech 0 Theatre 0 152 CCSN 1980-1981 Dearee/Maiors added in 1980-1981 Occupational Certificate of Achievement Programs added in 1980- 1981 New Courses added in 1980-1981 Accounting 5 ACC107B Taxation for Business, Partnerships and Sub- Chapters ACC108B Taxation for Corporations ACC109B Tax Effects of Sales, Transfers and Exchanges ACC202 Managerial Accounting ACC221B Business Simulated Experience Anthropology 0 Art 2 ART190 Survey of Art History I ART191 Survey of Art History II Astronomy 0 Automotive Technologies 1 AUT0222B Emission Control Certification Preparation Biology 0 Business 0 Child Development 12 CD120 Program and Staff Organization CD121 Parent-Caregiver Relationships 153 CD122 Observation Skills CD! 23 Health and Nutrition for Young Children CD 124 Sensorimotor Development for Infant/Toddlers CD125 Language Development for Infant/Toddlers CD126 Social-Emotional Development for Infant/Toddlers CD!27 The Role of Play for Infant/Toddlers CD! 28 Self-Help Skills for Infant/Toddlers CD175B Assisting in Teaching Elementary School Math CD176B Assisting in Teaching Elementary School Science CD177B Assisting in Teaching Elementary School Social Studies Chemistry 0 Computing and Information Technologies/Data Processing 0 Criminal Justice 11 AO J106 Introduction to Corrections AOJ162B Basic Investigative Photography AOJ180 Introduction to Security AOJ181B Retail Security AOJ204B Behavioral Science for Criminal Justice AOJ240B Hotel/Motel Security I AOJ24 IB Security Systems AOJ242B Casino Security and Surveillance AOJ245B Casino Emergency Procedures AOJ270B Criminology AOJ284B Survey of Gaming Regulations Drafting DFT110B Technical Sketching DFT124B Blueprint Reading for Industry Dental Hygiene 0 Economics 0 154 Education 0 Emergency Medical Services 0 English 1 ENG106 Intermediate Composition Environmental Science 0 English Second Language 0 Electronics 2 ET100B Survey of Electronics ET282B Microcomputer Systems Finance, Banking 3 SL109B IRA and KEOGH FI266B Bank Cards FI267B Negotiable Instruments and the Payments Functions French 0 Fire Science 0 Graphic Arts 0 General Equivalency Diploma 0 History 0 *IT APPEARS THE CASINO EMPHASIS IS NEW Hotel, Restaurant, and Casino Management 19 CM!01 Introduction to the Casino Industry CM102 Gaming Security and Surveillance CM 103 Casino Cage Operations CM 104 Casino Count and Report Procedures CM105 Survey of Gaming Regulations 155 CM 106 Supervising Casino Games CM!07 Casino Credits and Collections CM108 Slots Management I CM 109 Slots Management II CM120 Techniques of Casino Games - Blackjack (21) CM121 Techniques of Casino Games - Craps CM 122 Techniques of Casino Games - Roulette CM123 Techniques of Casino Games - Baccarat CM 124 Techniques of Casino Games - Poker CM125 Management of Keno and Bingo SMT101B Slot Repair Technician I SMT102B Slot Repair Technician II SMT103B Slot Repair Technician III SMT104B Slot Repair Technician IV Insurance 0 Journalism 0 Math 0 Management 0 Marketing 0 Metallurgy, Welding 0 Music 0 Nursing 0 Office Administration 4 0A206B CPT 8000 Word Processor 0A207B Word Processing Simulations and Supervisions 0A208B In-House Word Processing 0A221B Business Simulated Experience Physical Education 0 Philosophy Physics Political Science Psychology Real Estate RE106B Intro to Residential Construction Sociology Spanish SPAN203 Second Year Spanish SPAN204 Second Year Spanish Speech Theatre TMCC 1992-1993 Agriculture AG290B Internship in Agriculture Automotive AUT0299B Chemistry CHEM106 Basic Chemistry CHEM107B Analytical Chemistry for Technicians CHEM108B Analytical Chemistry for Technicians II Computer Information Systems CIS161B Software Literacy - Word Processing CIS162B Software Literacy - Spreadsheets CIS163B Software Literacy - Data Base Construction CONS106B Building Code II CONS133B Uniform Plumbing Code Counseling and Personal Development 6 CDP101B Intro to Human and Community Services CDP105B Individualized Basic Learning Skills CDP201 Crisis Communications Skills CDP202 Domestic Violence: Counselor Training CDP206 Peer Advisors Training CDP290 Internship in Counseling Criminal Justice 1 CRJ106 Introduction to Corrections 158 Early Childhood Education Program 4 CD159 After School Activities CD198 Special Topics in Child Development CD235 Curricula for Young Children with Special Needs CD 237 Contemporary Issues in Community and Family Life Education 1 EDUC110B Community College Teaching and Learning Electronic Technology 2 ET107B Electrical Measurements ET284B Microprocessors II Emergency Medical Technician/Paramedic Program 3 EMTP144B Advanced Cardiac Life Support EMTP120B Basic Trauma Support EMTP122B Pediatric Advanced Life Support English 1 ENG220 Writing Poetry Fire Science Program 1 FS250B Firefighter I Certification The Food Service Technology Program 1 FST245B The Business Chef Heavy Equipment Mechanics Program 2 HEM110B Diesel Electricity HEM211B Advanced Auto Engine Fuel Injection Systems Health Occupations 1 HLTH110B Humanities 1 HUM102 Introduction to Humanities II 159 Industrial Management 2 IN198B Special Topics in Industrial Management Legal Assistant 6 LAW203B Real Property LAW204 Torts LAW205 Contracts LAW233B Business Structures LAW 251 Bankruptcy LAW264 Paralegal Practice and Procedure Library Skills 1 LSC135B Use of the Library Management 3 MGT231B Risk Management Essentials MGT232B Risk Management Control MGT233B Risk Management Financing Math 2 MATH122 Elementary School Mathematics I MATH123 Elementary School Mathematics II Metals 2 MTL11 5B Visual Examination MTL116B Liquid Penetrant/Magnetic Particle Examination Methods Music MUS111 Concert Choir Nursing 1 NURS225B Medical Terminology Physics 1 PHYS103B ATEC Physics 160 Psychology 2 PSY207 Psychology of the Family PSY270 Understanding Psychology Through Film Recreation, Physical Education, and Dance Program 1 RPED201 Intro to Physical Education and Recreation Spanish SPAN103B Spanish Conversational III Speech and Theater 2 SPTH132 Theater Workshop, Acting III) SPTH205 Community College Little Theater Company Western Traditions Program 3 WT201 Foundations of WesternCulture WT202 The Modern World WT203 The American Experience and Constitution Change Word Processing 1 WP217B Advanced WordPerfect TMCC 1991-1992 Deqree/Maiors added in 1991-92 Building Systems Maintenance Technology Emphasis (of Environmental Control Technologies Substance Abuse Counseling 161 Occupational Certificate of Achievement Programs added in 1991-92 Building Systems Maintenance Technology Business Literacy Industrial Management Medical Records Technology Military Occupations Substance Abuse Counseling New Courses added 1991-92 Accounting 0 AeronauticalTechnology 0 Agriculture 0 Anthropology 0 ArchitecturalDesign Technology 1 ADT211B Advanced Computer-Aided Drafting, Design Art 1 ART250 Photography II Astronomy 0 Automotive 0 Biology 0 Business 1 BUS106B Business English Casino Management 0 Chemistry 0 162 Computer Information Systems 2 CIS241 IBM AS/400 Operations and Utilities CIS288B Local Area Networking Computer Science 1 CS187B Advanced ‘C’ Programming Computer Technology 0 Construction 0 Cooperative Education 0 Counseling and Personal Development 12 CPD117B Introduction to Counseling CPD118B Community Resources in Substance Abuse CPD119B Substance Abuse Counseling Practicum I CPD133B Small Group Interaction - Group Counseling Skills CPD134B Women and Substance Abuse Treatment Issues CPD135B Cross Cultural Substance Abuse Counseling CPD140 Introduction to Family and Respite Caregiving CPD198 Special Topics CPD216B Treatment Planning and Case Management CPD217B Advanced Techniques for Substance Abuse Counselors CPD218B Family Counseling Issues in Substance Abuse CPD219B Substance Abuse Practicum II Crafts 0 Credit Management(new area) 3 CMGT198B Special Topics CMGT261B Applied Credit Management CMGT262B Credit Management Cases Criminal Justice 0 163 Dental Assisting 2 DA122B Clinical Dental Science DA127B Dental Materials and Laboratory Techniques II Early Childhood Education 8 CD102 Human Growth and Development CD105B Parent-Infant Education CD106B Parent-Toddler Education CD107B Parent-Preschooler Education CD161 Social Studies in the Preschool Curriculum CD204 Principles of Guidance CD231 Preschool Practicum: Child Development Lab CD234 Preschool Curriculum Economics 0 Electronic Technology 0 Emergency Medical Services 0 *IT APPEARS THIS CONCENTRATION IS NEW: Emergency Technician/Paramedic 10 EMPT102B Prehospital Environment EMPT104B Prehospital Preparatory Principles and Skills EMPT106B Cardiac Electrophysiology, Rhythms, and Disrhythms EMPT108B Medical Emergencies EMPT110B Gynecological, Obstetrical, Neonatal, and Pediatric Emergencies EMPT112B Trauma and Burns EMPT124B Paramedic Hospital Rotation I EMPT125B Hospital Rotation II EMPT126B EMPT Field Rotation I EMPT127B Field Rotation II Engineering Drafting 0 164 Environmental Control Technology 1 (Courses had been previously RAC: Refrigeration and Air Conditioning) ECT110B Basic Electricity of E. C. Techs English (Developmental) 0 English (Transfer) 2 ENG103 Bridge English as a Second Language ENG113 Composition I for Non-Native English Speakers ENG114 Composition II for Non-Native English Speakers English Second Language (Developmental) 0 Environmental Studies 0 Finance 0 Fire Science 3 FS251B Introduction to Wildland Fire Fighting FS252B Intermediate Wildland Fire Fighting FS253B Advanced Wildland Fire Fighting Food Service Technology 0 Foreign Languages 1 JAPANESE102B Conversational Japanese II Geography 0 Geology 0 Graphic Arts 7 GA165B Typography I GA170B Graphic Design I GA198B Special Topics in Graphic Arts GA230B Desktop Publishing II GA265B Typography II 165 GA272B Graphic Design II GA294B Portfolio/Design Workshop Heavy Equipment Mechanics 3 HEM136B Heavy Duty Air System HEM238B A. C. Power Generators and Controls HEM266B Diesel Engine Testing and Analysis Applications History 0 Home Economics 0 Hospitality Services 0 Humanities 0 *IT APPEARS THIS CONCENTRATION IS NEW (Originally TRANSPORTATION) Industrial Management IM101 Introduction to Industrial Management IM211B Transportation Warehousing and Distribution IM212B Transportation Laws and Regulations Insurance 0 Journalism 0 Lab Technology 0 Law 0 Management 0 Marketing 0 Mathematics 1 MATH090 Continuing Studies in Mathematics 166 *IT APPEARS THIS CONCENTRATION IS NEW Medical Records Technology 3 MRT110B Patho-Physiology MRT163B Medical-Legal Aspects MRT201B Classification Systems for Health Care Data Metals 0 Music 0 *IT APPEARS THIS CONCENTRATION IS NEW Nursing Assistant 1 NA130B Nursing Assistant Nursing 0 Office Administration 1 0A115B Computerized Speed Development Philosophy 0 Physics 0 Political Science 0 Psychology 0 Radiologic Technology 1 RT100B Introduction to Radiologic Technology Range, Wildlife, and Forestry 0 Real Estate 0 167 Recreation, Physical Education, and Dance 0 Sociology 0 Solar Energy Technique 1 SOL205B Climactic and Solar Design Speech and Theater 0 Study Skills 0 Woodworking 0 Wordprocessing 0 TMCC 1988-1989 Occupational Deqree/Maiors added in 1988-89 Occupational Certificate of Achievement Programs added in 1988-89 Computer Technology New Courses added 1988-89 Accounting 10 ACC104 Taxation for Individuals with Computers ACC107 Partnership and Corporate Taxation ACC135B Bookkeeping I ACC136B Bookkeeping II ACC137B Bookkeeping I with Computers ACC138B Bookkeeping II with Computers ACC153 Elementary Accounting I Computer Lab ACC154 Elementary Accounting IIComputer Lab ACC261B Governmental Accounting ACC290B Internship in Accounting Aeronautical Technology 0 168 Agriculture 0 Anthropology 0 Architectural Design Technology 0 Art 0 Astronomy 0 Automotive 1 AUT0198B Special Topics in Auto Biology 0 Business 2 BUS151B Small Business Financial Planning and Analysis BUS290B Internship in Business Casino Management Chemistry 0 Computer Information Systems 0 Computer Science 1 CS187B Computer Programming Computer Technology Construction 0 Cooperative Education 1 CE190B Cooperative Education - Career Improvement Counseling and PersonalDevelopment 0 C rafts 0 Credit Management(new area) 0 Criminal Justice 1 CRJ198B Special Topics in CRJ Dental Assisting 0 Drafting 1 DFT198B Special Topics in DFT Early Childhood Education 1 CD167 Child Abuse and Neglect Economics 0 Electronic Technology 3 ET198B Special Topics in ET ET222B OP AMPS and Linear I.C.s ET270 Electronic Bench Servicing Techniques Emergency Medical Services 1 EMS2855B Selected Topics in EMS Emergency Technician/Paramedic 0 Engineering Drafting 0 Environmental Control Technology 1 (Courses had been previously RAC: Refrigeration and Air Conditioning) RAC198B Special Topics in RAC English (Developmental) 0 English (Transfer) 0 English Second Language (Developmental) 0 170 Environmental Studies 0 Finance 28 Began offering the 20 courses previouslyoffered by the American Institute of Banking, and an additional 8 more Fire Science 0 Food Service Technology 1 FST198B Special Topics in FST Foreign Languages 7 FREN101B Conversational French I FRENI 02B Conversational French II FREN203 Second Year French I FREN204 Second Year French II GER101B Conversational German I GER102B Conversational German II SPAN102B Conversational Spanish II Geography 0 Geology 0 Graphic Arts 3 GA104B Layout and Typography GA120B Color Scanning GA299B Independent Study Heavy Equipment Mechanics 3 HEM131B Advanced Hydraulics HEM198B Special Topics in HEM HEM208B Heavy Duty Transmissions and Clutches History 0 Home Economics 0 171 Hospitality Services 0 Humanities 0 *IT APPEARS THIS CONCENTRATION IS NEW (Originally TRANSPORTATION) Industrial Management Insurance 0 Journalism 0 Lab Technology 0 Law 0 Management 0 Marketing 0 Mathematics 2 MATH112B Math for Radiologic Technology MATH217 Calculus III Metals 2 MTL198 Special Topics in MTL MTL245B Advanced Welding Techniques Music 0 Nursing 0 Office Administration 1 OA117B Filing Philosophy 0 Physics 0 172 Political Science 0 Psychology 1 PSY109 Learning Difficulties of the Student Radiologic Technology 0 Range, Wildlife, and Forestry 0 Real Estate 0 Recreation, Physical Education, and Dance 0 Sociology 0 Solar Energy Technique 1 SOL198B Special Topics in SOL Speech and Theater 0 Woodworking 0 Wordprocessing TMCC 1987-1988 Occupational Dearee/Maiors added in 1987-88 Building Trades Business - Computer Information Systems Child Development Occupational Certificate of Achievement Programs added in 1987-88 173 New Courses added 1987-88 Accounting 1 ACC198B Special Topics Aeronautical Technology 0 Agriculture 0 Anthropology 0 Architectural DesignTechnology 4 ADT168B Landscape Management ADT1 78B Fundamentals of Horticulture ADT228B Landscape Plant Materials ADT264B Architectural Presentations Art 0 Astronomy 1 ASTI 04 Introduction to Astronomy: Stars and Galaxies Automotive 3 AUT0253B Basic Engine Overhaul AUT0254B Advanced Engine Overhaul AUT0260B CarFuel Injection and Electronic Ignition Biology 1 BI0299B Special Topics in Field Biology Business 3 BUS!07 Business Communications BUS198B Special Topics BUS272 Legal Environment Chemistry 0 174 Computer Information Systems 5 CIS261 Microcomputers in Business CIS283 Programming Design and Development CIS285 Computer Systems Development with High-Level Tools CIS286 Operating Systems Concepts CIS290B Internship in Computer Information Systems Computer Science 0 Construction 1 C0NS123B Blueprint Reading for the Construction Trades Cooperative Education 0 Counseling and PersonalDevelopment 0 Crafts 0 Credit Management(new area) 3 CMGT198B Special Topics CMGT261B Applied Credit Management CMGT262B Credit Management Cases Criminal Justice 1 CRJ250B Nevada Highway Patrol Academy Dental Assisting 0 Drafting 0 Early Childhood Education 10 CD121 Parent-Caregiver Relationships CD124 Sensorimotor Development for Infants/Toddlers CD125 Language Development for Infants/Toddlers CD127 The Role of Play for Infants/Toddlers CD129 Environment for Infant/Toddler Early Childhood Programs 175 CD158 Physical Education in the Preschool Curriculum CD166 Child Abuse and Neglect CD168 Infection Diseases and First Aid in Child Care CD169 Bilingual/Multicultural Experiences in Early Childhood Education CD200 The Exceptional Child Economics 0 Electronic Technology 6 ET104B Fabrication Techniques ET234B Communications License ET245B Transducers and Instrumentation ET282B Microprocessors I ET284B Microprocessors II ET299B Special Topics in Electronics Emergency Medical Services 3 EMS108B Emergency Medical Technician I Training EMS114B First Responder Refresher EMS120B Vehicle Extraction for EMS Personnel Environmental Control Technology 3 (Courses had been previously RAC: Refrigeration and Air Conditioning) RAC201B Boiler Operation and Maintenance RAC202B H.V.A.C. Equipment Sizing and Contract Estimating RAC203B Fundamentals of System Design English (Developmental) 1 ENG116D Individualized Advanced Reading English (Transfer) 2 ENG181 Vocabulary and Meaning ENG258 Ashland Theatre Festival English Second Language (Developmental) 0 Environmental Studies 1 ENV292 Community Environmental Problems Finance 0 Fire Science 1 FS115B Alarm and Extinguishing Services Food Service Technology 2 FST115B Culinary Spearhead Program FST116B Culinary Spearhead Program Foreign Languages 1 SPAN101B Conversational Spanish I Geography 0 Geology 1 GEOL205 Geological Aspects of Land Use Graphic Arts 6 GA102B Offset Press I GA103B Introduction to Print Shop Operations GA105B Process Camera I GA203B Offset Press II GA205B Printing Equipment Maintenance GA206B Process Camera II Heavy Equipment Mechanics 1 HEM230B Diesel Engine Rebuilding History 2 HIST 111 Survey of American Constitutional History HIST225 U.S. Involvement in Viet Nam Home Economics 1 HEC131 Introduction to Child Development Hospitality Services 0 Humanities 0 Insurance 3 INST 10B Life and Health Insurance INS198B Special Topics INS210B Property and Liability Insurance Journalism 0 Lab Technology 0 Law Management 1 M6T198B Special Topics Marketing 1 MKT198B Special Topics Mathematics 2 MATH! 31 Computer Programming for Science and Engineering I MATH132 Computer Programming for Science and Engineering II Metals 3 MTL200B Individualized Work/Study MTL235B Blueprint Reading for Welders MTL240B Welding and Art Music 0 Nursing 2 NURS251 Physical Illness II NURS255 Physical Illness III Office Administration OAIOOB Keyboarding OA260B Office Management OA299B Independent Study Philosophy 0 Physics 0 Political Science 0 Psychology 2 PSY210 Statistical Methods PSY276 Aging in Modern American Society Radiologic Technology 0 Range, Wildlife, and Forestry 1 RWF 100 Principles of Resource Management Real Estate 2 RE131B Escrow II RE198B Special Topics Recreation, Physical Education, and Dance 2 RPED138 Volleyball RPED139 Volleyball Inter/Adv Sociology 4 SOC210 Statistical Methods SOC261 Social Psychology I: The Personal and Social Influence 179 SOC276 Aging in Modern American Society SOC290 Sociology of the Future Solar Energy Technique 0 Speech and Theater 2 SPTH130 Fundamentals of Acting 1 SPTH131 Fundamentals of Acting II Study Skills Woodworking 0 Wordprocessing 1 WP198B Special Topics TMCC 1985-1987 Dearee/Maiors added in 1985-87 Architectural Design Technology ^Architectural Design *Architectural Landscape Design *Residential Design Occupational Certificate of Achievement Programs added in 1985-87 Architectural Design Technology Child Development New Courses added 1985-87 Accounting 1 ACC220 Microcomputer Accounting Systems Aeronautical Technology 0 180 Anthropology 0 Architectural Design Technology 11 ADT105B Architectural Drafting I ADT106B Architectural Drafting II ADT114B Introduction to Architecture ADT212B Architectural Design I ADT213B Architectural Design II ADT230B Mechanical and Electrical Equipment for Buildings ADT235B Architectural Delineation I ADT236B Architectural Delineation II ADT245B Static and Strength of Materials ADT248B Structural Analysis ADT255B Properties of Materials Art 0 Automotive 6 AUT0204B Advanced Auto Body II AUT0205B Auto Painting I AUT0206B Auto Painting II AUT0280B Electronic Controlled Engines DM21 OB Advanced Diesel Engines DM220B Introduction to Fuel Injection Biology 0 Business 0 Casino Management Chemistry 0 Computer Information System/Data Processing 2 DP105B Data Entry DPI 71 PASCAL Programming II Computer Science 0 Construction 0 Cooperative Education 0 Counseling and Personal Development 0 Crafts 0 Criminal Justice 0 Dental Assisting 1 DA285B Selected Topics in Dental Assisting Drafting 1 DFT210 Introduction to Computer Aided Drafting (CAD) Early Childhood Education 1 CD155 Reading Readiness in the Preschool Curriculum Economics 0 Electronic Technology 3 ET265B Ultra High Frequency and Microwave ET271B Industrial Electronics ET290B Industrial Internship Emergency Medical Services 1 EMS113B EMS First Responder Environmental Control Technology 0 (Courses had been previously RAC: Refrigeration and Air Conditioning) English (Developmental) 0 English (Transfer) 2 ENG104B Technical Writing I ENG109B Technical Writing II 182 English Second Language (Developmental) 0 Environmental Studies 0 Finance 0 Fire Science 0 Food Service Technology 0 Foreign Languages 8 FRENI 11 First Year French I FREN112 First Year French II GER111 First Year German I GER11 2 First Year German II SPAN111 First Year Spanish I SPAN112 First Year Spanish II SPAN203 Second Year Spanish I SPAN204 Second Year Spanish II Geography 0 Geology 0 Graphic Arts 0 History 0 Home Economics 3 HEC132 Guidance Principles in Early Childhood HEC232 Preschool Curriculum HEC274 The Individual and the Family Hospitality Services 0 Humanities 0 Journalism 0 Lab Technology 0 Management 0 Marketing 0 Mathematics 2 MATH187B Technical Computer Programming MATH221 Technical Calculus Metals 1 MTL230B GTAW (TIG) and GMAW (MIG) Welding for Advanced Students Music 0 Nursing 1 NURS142 Fundamentals of Pharmacology Office Administration 0 Philosophy 0 Physics 2 PHYS151 General Physics I PHYS152 General Physics II Political Science 0 Psychology 0 Radiologic Technology 0 Real Estate 1 RE201B Real Estate Brokerage 184 Recreation, Physical Education, and Dance 0 Sociology 0 Solar Energy Technique 0 Speech and Theater 0 Woodworking 0 Wordprocessing 0 TMCC 1984-1985 Dearee/Maiors added in 1984-85 Automotive expanded to include *Automotive Mechanics *Auto Body Service *Diesel Equipment Mechanics Drafting expanded to include *Architectural Drafting *Engineering Drafting *Mechanical Drafting Food Service expanded to include *Culinary Arts *Hospitality Service Occupational Certificate of Achievement Programs added in 1984-85 Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Servicing Technology New Courses added 1984-85 Accounting 0 *IT APPEARS THIS CONCENTRATION IS NEW Aeronautical Technology 1 AER0101B Basic Ground School for Pilots 185 Anthropology 0 Art 1 ART175 Photography 1 Automotive 7 AUT0203B Advanced Auto Body I DM11 OB Diesel Electricity DM130B Diesel Hydraulics DM150B Air Conditioning for Mobile Equipment DM201B Advanced Diesel Engines DM208B Heavy Equipment Power Train DM212B Heavy Duty Chassis Units Biology 0 Business 0 Casino Management Chemistry 0 Computer Information Systems/Data Processing 0 Computer Science 1 CSC101 Computer Literacy Construction 0 Cooperative Education 0 Counseling and Personal Development 2 CAPS110B Individualized Study Skills II CAPS132B Interpersonal Relations Crafts 0 Criminal Justice 1 A0J211 The Police in America Dental Assisting 0 Drafting 1 DFT209B Civil Engineering Drafting Early Childhood Education 0 Economics 0 Electronic Technology 1 ET105B Electronics for Trade and Industry Emergency Medical Services 1 EMS112B Emergency Medical Technician II Environmental Control Technology (Courses had been previously RAC: Refrigeration and Air Conditioning) English (Developmental) 1 ENG120D Writing on the Job English (Transfer) 0 English Second Language (Developmental) 6 ESL101D English As a Second Language I ESL102D English As a Second Language II ESL103D English As a Second Language III ESL104D English As a Second Language IV ESL105D English As a Second Language V ESL106D English As a Second Language VI Environmental Studies 0 Finance 0 187 Fire Science 0 Food Service Technology 2 FST275B Food Service Technology Externship I FST276B Food Service Technology Externship II Foreign Languages 7 FRENI01B French, Conversational I FRENI02B French, Conversational II GER 101B French, Conversational I GER102B German, Conversational II SPAN101B Spanish, Conversational I SPAN102B Spanish, Conversational II SPAN103B Spanish, Conversational III Geography 0 Geology 0 Graphic Arts 0 History 0 Home Economics 0 Hospitality Services 0 Humanities 0 Journalism 0 Lab Technology 0 Management 1 MGT251B Labor Relations Marketing 0 Mathematics 0 Metals 0 Music 0 Nursing Assistant 0 Nursing 0 Office Administration 4 OA133B Automated Office Equipment for Teachers OA138B Secretarial Accounting 0A161B Alphabetic Shorthand OA229B Records Management Philosophy 0 Physics 0 Political Science 0 Psychology 0 Radiologic Technology 0 Real Estate 0 Recreation, Physical Education, and Dance 0 Sociology 0 Solar Energy Technique 0 Speech and Theater 0 189 Woodworking 2 WOOD197B Beginning Woodworking WOOD221B Advanced Woodworking Wordprocessing 1 WP200B Power Typing on Electric and Memory Typewriters WNCC 1991-1993 Dearee/Maiors added in 1991-93 Drafting Technology Fire Science Technology Occupational Certificate of Achievement Programs added in 1991-93 Fire Science Technology New Courses added in 1991-93 Accounting 0 Adult Basic Education 1 ABE21 Basic Academic Skills I Aeronautics 0 Agricultural Engineering 0 Agriculture 1 AG215 Range Management Animal Husbandry 1 AH299 Special Topics in Husbandry 190 Anthropology 0 Art 0 Astronomy 2 ASTI 03 Introductory Astronomy: The Solar System ASTI 04 Introductory Astronomy:Stars and Galaxies Automotive 0 Biology 0 Business 1 BUS110B Human Relations for Employment Chemistry 0 Child Development 6 CD105B Parent-Infant Education CD106B Parent-Toddler Education CD107B Parent-Preschool Education CD166 Working With Parents CD167 Child Abuse and Neglect CD168 Infectious Disease and First Aid in Child Care Computer Information Systems 4 CIS 198 Special Topics CIS211 FORTRAN CIS224B Programming in “C” Advanced CIS255 Assembly Programming Language Construction 0 Counseling and Guidance 0 191 Crafts CR299B Special Topics in Crafts Criminal Justice 0 Drafting DFT130B Computer Literacy and Introduction to Computer Aided Drafting DFT135B Autocad-AEC Architectural DFT198B Special Topics of Drafting Economics 0 Education 0 Electronics Technology 1 ET246B Industrial Electronics Measurement and Control Emergency Medical Services 0 English ENG 13 Elementary Writing Skills ENG 15 Elementary Reading Skills ENG79 Basic Writing for International Students ENG123B College Reading *IT APPEARS THIS IS A NEW AREA OF CONCENTRATION English As a Second Language ESL30 Life Skills ESL32 English Literacy ESL34 English As a Second Language I ESL35 English As a Second Language II ESL36 English As a Second Language III ESL68 ESL Computer Literacy Environmental Studies 0 Finance 0 Fire Science 18 FS103B Fundamentals of Fire Protection FS105B Introduction to Fire Suppression FS111B Fire Administration 1 FS115B Alarm and Extinguishing Systems FS121B Fire Prevention FS125B Building Construction for Fire Protection FS125B Fire Loss Estimation FS131B Hazardous Materials FS205B Water Distribution Analysis FS233B Related Codes and Ordinances FS257B Fire Apparatus and Equipment FS241B Fire Company Organization and Management FS243B Fire Fighting Tactics and Strategy FS245B Arson Investigation FS246B Advanced Fire Investigation FS249B Fire Protection and Systems FS250B Firefighter Certification 1 FS285B-FS289B Selected Topics in Fire Science French 0 *IT APPEARS THIS AREA OF CONCENTRATION IS NEW General Education Development 1 GED51 GED Preparation Geography 0 Geology 2 GEOL102 Historical Geology GEOL201 Geology of Nevada German 0 Graphic Arts 0 Health Science 0 193 History 0 Home Economics 0 *IT APPEARS THIS AREA OF CONCENTRATION IS NEW Human Services 1 HMS102B Introduction to Counseling Humanities 0 Insurance 0 *IT APPEARS THIS AREA OF CONCENTRATION IS NEW Italian 2 ITAL101B Conversational Italian I ITAL102B Conversational Italian II Journalism 0 *IT APPEARS THIS AREA OF CONCENTRATION IS NEW Laboratory Technician 1 LTE110B Techniques of Venipuncture Library Technology 0 Machine Tool Technology 6 MTT216B Metal Projects MTT232B Computer Numerical Control II MTT291B Computer Numerical Control Practice MTT296B Machine Practice I MTT297B Machine Practice II MTT298B Machine Practice III Management 0 Manufacturing Engineering Technology 0 194 Marketing 0 Mathematics 4 MATH90 Elementary Arithmetic MATH253 Linear Algebra MATH280 Discrete Mathematics MATH299 Differential Equations Medical Assistant 0 Metals 0 Mining 0 Music 8 MUSI 05 Intermediate Guitar Class MUSI 56 String Instruments MUSI 66 Introduction to MIDI Sequencers and Synthesizers MUS190B Classical Guitar I MUSI 91B Classical Guitar II MUS212B Piano Pedagogy MUS229 Techniques of Piano Accompaniment Nursing 1 NURS140B Medical Terminology Nursing Assistant 0 Occupational Safety & Health 0 Office Administration 0 Philosophy PHIL105 Evidence and Applied Reasoning PHIL114 Introduction to Logic Physics 0 195 Political Science 1 PSC59 Citizenship Psychology 1 PSY290B Special Topics Real Estate 0 Recreation & Physical Education 1 RPED199B Special Topics in Physical Education Russian 0 Sociology 1 SOC299B Special Topics in Sociology Spanish 3 SPAN104B Conversational Spanish IV SPAN 203 Second Year Spanish I SPAN204 Second Year Spanish II Speech & Theatre 1 SPTH120 Introduction to Broadcasting Surveying Technology 0 *IT APPEARS THIS AREA OF CONCENTRATION IS NEW Women’s Studies 1 WS101 Introduction to Women’s Studies Woodworking 0 Word Processing 0 196 1989-1991 Dearee/Maiors added in 1989-1991 Occupational Certificate of Achievement Programs added in 1989- 1991 The 1987-89 Catalog did not provide enough specific information on certificate programs to determine if new ones had been added 1989-1991. New Courses added in 1989-1991 Accounting 2 ACC201 Financial Accounting ACC202 Managerial Accounting Adult Basic Education 0 Aeronautics 0 Agricultural Engineering 0 Agriculture 0 Animal Husbandry 0 Anthropology 0 Art 2 ART177B Field Experiences in Photography ART245 Creative Watercolor Astronomy 0 197 Automotive 1 AUT0230B Advanced Automatic Transmissions Biology 0 Business 0 Chemistry 2 CHEM201 General Chemistry for Scientists and Engineers I CHEM202 General Chemistry for Scientists and Engineers II Child Development 1 CD198B Special Topics in Child Development Computer Information Systems/Data Processing 5 CIS 101 Computer Literacy CIS145B DOS/Hard Disk Management CIS220B “C” Programming Language CIS283 Programming Design and Development CIS285 Computer Systems Development with High-Level Tools Construction 0 Counseling and Guidance 0 Crafts 0 Criminal Justice 1 CRJ106 Introduction to Corrections Drafting 5 DFT124B Blueprint Reading for Industry DFT131 Introduction to Computer Aided Drafting DFT1 32 Advanced Computer Aided Drafting DFT20B Electrical and Electronic Drafting (CAD) DFT212B Historical Architecture 198 Economics 0 Education 0 Electronics Technology 1 ET286B Communications Circuits Emergency Medical Services 0 English 0 English As a Second Language 0 Environmental Studies 0 Finance 0 Fire Science 0 French 0 General Education Development 0 Geography 0 Geology 0 German 4 GER101B Conversational German I GER102B Conversational German I GER111 First Year German I GER112 First Year German II Graphic Arts 0 Health Science 0 History 0 199 Home Economics HEC122B Creative Cooking Humanities 0 *THIS APPEARS TO BE A NEW AREA OF CONCENTRATION Insurance 1 INS105 Insurance Principles Journalism 0 Library Technology LT150B Introduction to Library Technology *THIS APPEARS TO BE A NEW AREA OF CONCENTRATION Machine Tool Technology MTT105B Machine Shop I MTT110B Machine Shop II MTT126B Vertical Mill Operations MTT230B Computer Numerical Control MTT235B Introduction to Materials Testing MTT250B Machine Shop III MTT260B Machine Shop IV Management 0 Manufacturing Engineering Technology 2 MET260B Programmable Logic Controllers MET296B Computer Integrated Manufacturing Marketing 0 Mathematics 3 MATH105 College Mathematics MATH115 Precalculus Mathematics MATH213B Calculus for Science 200 Medical Assistant 0 Metals 0 Mining 0 Music 10 MUSI 02 Class Woodwind Instruction MUSI 13 Class Vocal Instruction MUS115 Vocal Jazz/Pop Ensemble MUS117 Concert Band MUSI 79 Musical Theatre MUS205 Chamber Music Ensemble MUS209 Sightsinging and Dictation I MUS221 Special Studies in Music Literature MUS230 WNCC Concert Jazz Band MUS270 Opera Theatre Nursing 10 NURS151 Pediatric Nursing/Level 1 NURS154 Obstetric Nursing and Care of the Newborn/Level NURS 156 Physical Illness and Mental Health Concepts NURS162 Medical-Surgical Clinical/Level I NURS252 Pediatric Nursing/Level II NURS254 Obstetrical Nursing and Care of the Newborn/Level II NURS262 Psychiatric Nursing NURS264 Medical Surgical Nursing NURS297 Clinical Practicum NURS298B Bio-Ethical Issues in Nursing Nursing Assistant 0 Occupational Safety & Health 0 Office Administration 0 Philosophy 0 201 Physics 1 PHYS108B Technical Physics II Political Science 1 PSC299 Government Internship Psychology 0 Real Estate 0 Recreation & Physical Education 10 RPED102 Beginning Badminton RPED105 Jazz Dance RPED11 3B Social Dance RPED136 Intermediate Tennis RPED141B Backpacking RPED149 Beginning Foil Fencing RPED151 Intermediate Foil Fencing RPED155B Aerobic Dance RPED174 Rhythmic Aerobics RPED204 Advanced SCUBA *TH!S APPEARS TO BE A NEW AREA OF CONCENTRATION Russian RUS111 First Year Russian I RUS112 First Year Russian II RUS211 Second Year Russian I RUS212 Second Year Russian II Sociology 1 SOC261 Social Psychology I Spanish 0 Speech & Theatre 0 Surveying Technology 0 202 Woodworking 0 *THIS APPEARS TO BE A NEW AREA OF CONCENTRATION Word Processing WP198B Special Topics WP205 Information Processing WP206B Desktop Publishing WP209 Word Processing Management WP210 Beginning Word Processing WP212 Advanced Word Processing WP217B Microcomputer Word Processing 1987-89 Dearee/Maiors added in 1987-89 Machine Tool Technology Occupational Certificate of Achievement Programs added in 1987-89 The 1987-89 Catalog did not provide enough specific information on certificate programs to determine if new ones had been added 1989-1991 New Courses added in 1987-89 Accounting 1 ACC103B Analyzing Financial Statem ents Aeronautics 0 Agricultural Engineering 0 Agriculture 1 AG209B Horse Management Animal Husbandry 0 Anthropology 0 203 Art 2 ART111 Life Drawing ART251B Photography III Astronomy 0 Automotive 2 AUT0236B Automotive Computer Systems AUT0285B Automotive Projects Biology 0 Business 0 Chemistry 0 Child Development 28 CD120 Program and Staff Organization CD121 Parent/Caregiver Relationships CD122 Observational Skills CD123 Health and Nutrition for Young Children CD124 Sensorimotor Development for Infant/Toddlers CD125 Language Development for Infant/Toddlers CD126 Social-Emotional Development for Infant/Toddlers CD! 27 The Role of Play for Infant/Toddler CD128 Self-Help Skills for Infant/Toddler CD! 29 Environments for Infants & Toddlers CD151 Math in the Preschool Curriculum CD152 Science in the Preschool Curriculum CD153 Language Development in the Preschool CD154 Literature for Preschool Children CD1 55 Reading Readiness in the Preschool Curriculum CD! 56 Music in the Preschool Curriculum CD1 57 Art in the Preschool Curriculum CD158 Physical Education in the Preschool Curriculum CD161 Social Studies in the Preschool CD174 Experience With Elementary Children 204 CD231 Practicum With Children & Their Families 1 CD232 Practicum With Children & Their Families II CD234 Preschool Curriculum CD236B Workshops For Teachers of Preschool Children CD240 Administration of the Preschool CD241 Practicum for Teacher Aides 1 CD242 Practicum for Teacher Aides II CD295 Supervised Work Experience 1 Computer Information Systems/Data Processing DP105B Data Entry DR107B LOGO DP113B Integrated Software DP153B Microcomputer Software DP260 Microcomputer Data Base Systems DP263 Spreadsheets Construction 0 Counseling and Guidance 0 Crafts 0 Criminal Justice 0 Developmental Skills Drafting 1 DFT125B Introduction Technical & Computer Aided Drafting Economics 0 Education 0 Electronics Technology 1 ET288B Advanced Microprocessors Emergency Medical Services/Traffic Safety 0 205 English 2 ENG191 Women & Literature ENG223 Themes of Literature English As a Second Language 0 Environmental Studies 0 Finance 0 Fire Science 0 French 0 Geography 0 Geology 0 Graphic Arts 1 GA251B Photography III Health Science 0 History 0 Home Economics 3 HEC131 Introduction to Child Development HEC161B Interior Design HEC274 Individual & the Family Humanities 0 Journalism 0 Library Technology 0 206 Management 2 MGT246B Statistical Reporting for Managers MGT247B Quality Assurance Variable Manufacturing Engineering Technology 2 MET240B Manufacturing Management and Safety MET298B Seminar and Project Marketing 0 Mathematics 3 MATH106B Geometry MATH107B Real Estate Math MATH173 Mathematics I Medical Assistant 0 Metals 1 MTL224B Welding Projects Mining 0 Music 3 MUSI 63 Organ I MUS253 Voice II MUS263 Organ II Nursing 0 Nursing Assistant 1 NA132B Nurse Assistant Practicum Occupational Safety & Health 0 Office Administration 0 Philosophy 1 PHIL100 Critical Thinking and Reasoning 207 Physics 0 Political Science 0 Psychology 0 Real Estate 0 Recreation & Physical Education 8 PED104 SCUBA PED119 Conditioning Karate PED141B Backpacking/Outdoor Living PED144B Wilderness Survival PED220B Karate/Self Defense PED230B Karate/Intermediate PED291 Standard First Aid PED292 Advanced First Aid & Emergency Care Sociology 0 Spanish 0 Speech & Theatre 0 Surveying Technology 0 Woodworking 1 WOOD250 Wood Projects BIBLIOGRAPHY Blocker, C. 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Renewing the American community college. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Donnelly, C. R. (1976) . President's newsletter. Reno, Nevada. Drake, M. (Ed.) . (1973) . Applied historical studies: An introductory reader. London: Methuen and Company. Eaton, J. (1980) . President's report. Las Vegas, NV. Fields, R. (1962) . The community college movement. New York: McGraw-Hill. Fountain, B. E., & Tollefson, T. A. (1989) . Community colleges in the United States: Forty nine state systems. Washington, DC: American Association of Community and Junior Colleges. Four year comprehensive plan for the community college division: 1 July 1975-30 June 1979. Frick, E. (1980) . Library research guide to history: Illustrated search strategy and sources. Ann Arbor: Pierian Press. Frye, J. (1992) . The vision of the pubic junior college. 1900-1940: Professional goals and popular aspirations. New York: Greenwood Press. Futures Commission Report (1992) . Nevada responds to the community college changing with the times: Challenging the fu tu re . Goodwin, G. L. (1971) . The historical development of the communitv-iunior college ideology: An analysis and interpretation of the writings of selected communitv-iunior college national leaders from 1890 to 1970. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Illinois at Urbana- Champagne. 210 Henry, N. B. (Ed.). (1956). The public junior college: The fiftv- fifth yearbook of the national society for the study of education (part 1) . Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Hockett, H. C. (1977) . The critical method in historical research and writing. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. Iggers, G. G., & Parker, H. T. (Eds.) . (1979) . International handbook of historical studies: Contemporary research and theory. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. Jarausch, K., & Hardy, K. A. (1991) . Quantitative methods for historians: A guide to research, data, and statistics. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. Kerlinger, F. N. (1964) . Foundations of behavioral research. NY: Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Laquer, W., & Mosse, G. L. (Eds.) .(1967) . The new history: Trends in historical research and writing since world war II. NY: Harper Torchbooks. Making the difference: Western Nevada Community College. (1986). McCoy, F. N. (1974) . Researching and writing in history: A practical handbook for students. Berkeley, CA: The University of California Press. Medsker, L. L. (1960) . The junior college: Progress and prospect. New York: McGraw-Hill. Moehlman, A. H. (et. al.) . (1969). A guide to computer-assisted historical research. Austin, TX: The Center for History of Education, University of Texas at Austin. Nevada's community colleges 1975. Nevada's higher education at the crossroads. (1984). 211 Northern Nevada Community College Visions of opportunity: Breaking new ground. Richardson, J. T., & Ginsburg, G. P. (Eds.) . (1981) . Higher education in Nevada. Reno (Nevada University): Bureau of Governmental Research. Shafer, R. (Ed. ) . (1980). A guide to historical method. Homewood, IL: Dorsey Press. Starrak, J. A. ,& Hughes, R. M. (1954) . The community college in the United States. Ames, IA: Iowa State College Press. Saville, A., & Kavina, G. (1979) . The will of the people: Education in Nevada. Washington, DC: University Press of America. Social Science Research Council Committee on Historiography (1946) . Theory and practice in historical study: A report of the committee on historiography. New York: Social Science Research Council. Sherman, R. R. (Ed.) . (1984) . Understanding history of education. Cambridge, MA: Schenkman Publishing Company. Truckee Meadows Community College, Annual report. 1988-1989. Vaughan, G. B. (1982) . The community college in America: A pocket history. Washington, DC: American Association of Community and Junior Colleges. Vincent, J. M. (1969) . Aids to historical research. 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