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Jonurory 16, 1970

5 Fruise for SeE$-R,eHismce @ffid F,fo Hord Strugg Ie in Buiid ing 3*' A Flont {$. SErimese Ennbassy im $owEet EBraron Lodges $tenm

Frotest With $owEet toreigm ftEEmistry

Soviet revisionists' criminql plot to co-ordinoie @ -Agoinst with U.S. impericlism in creotirrg "two Clrinos"

Upsurge of d-r.S. Revolutianary ft4oss de g?tovereeeraE in t 9&#s i t r r I I a-) 0uoTf,'flot$ tR0ffi cHf,rnffiflr mf,o T$ETuil0

I[e the Chinese nation have the spirit to fight the enemy to the last drop of our blood, the determination to recover sur lost territory by our own efforts, and the ability to stand on our own feet in the family of nations.

The wealth of mciety is creatcd by tlrc worlrers, peasants and working intetleetuals. If they take their destiay into their own hands, follow a Marxist-Leninist line and take an active attitude in solving problems instead of , evading them, there will be no difficulty in the wortrd which they cannot overeome.

We are norv in a gteat new era of world revolution. The revolutionar5r storm in Asia, Africa and Latin America is sure to deal the whole of the old world a decisive and erushing blow. The great vietories of the Vietnamese people's rilar against U.S. aggres- sion and for national salvation are convincing proof of this. The proletariat and working people of Europe, I[orth America and Oceania are experiencing a new awakening. The U.S. imperialists and all other such vermin have already created their own grave- diggers; the day of their burial is not far off.

Working hand in glove, Soviet revisionisrn and U.S. imperial- isrn have done so many foul and evil things that the revolutionary people the world over will not let thern go untrlunished. The people of all countries are rising. A new historiea! period of struggle against U.S. imperialisrn and Soviet revisionism has begun. THE WEE.K

Centrol Committee of Communist Psrty of Chinq Sends Telegrom of Sympothy to People in Yunnsn Esrthquoke Areo

An earthquake of ?th magnitude munist Party of China sent a rian politics and studying and ap- occurred in the area south of Kun- telegram of sympathy to the people plying Chairrnan Mao's works in a ming in China's Yunnan Provincc at in the affected area, conveying warm living way, they are united as one 01:00 hour on January 5. Led by the solicitude of our great leader Chair- and fuil of confideuce in overcoming Yunnan h'ovincial Revolutionary man Mao and Vice-Chairman Lin the .temporary dilficutties caused by Committee and local revolutionary Piao, and advancing effective meas- the earthquake. The broad revolu- committees at various leyels and ures counter disaster. to the tionary masses declare confidently: aided by - the People's tiberation The lvarm solicitude by Chairman With Chairmaa Mao's wise leader- Army, the people in the affected area Mao and the Party Central Com- ship, we are not afraid of any dif- are succesfully combating ttre nat- mittee has tremendously encouraged fieulty. Guided by Mao Tsetung ural disaster and organizing relief the Communist Party members, the Thought, we will work more stren- work in the revolutiouary spirit of revolutionary masses of varicus na- uously, rely on our own efforts and fearing neither hardship nor deal*r. tionalities and the P.L.A. com- wage a hard struggle, and will cer- Immediately after the. eqlhSuake" gr{rders and, fighters in the affected tainly win complete victory iu the the Central Committee CIf th6 Corn- area. Giving prominence to proleta- fight against the disaster!

Chinese Embossy in Soviet Union Lodges Stern Protest With Soviet Foreign Ministry - Agoinst Soviet revisionists' criminol plot to co-ordinate with U. S. imperiolism in creoting "two Chinos"

Seizing the occosion of Agnew's horning into Asio to corry out criminol octirities, the Souiet rerisioaist rcnegode clique hos repeotedly used its propcgondo medio to describe Toiwqn Prorince, tfte socred territory of the People's Republic of Chino, os c "country." This is o component port of the nerv snti-Chins compoign being whipped up btr the Soyiet revisionists. Bent on being hostile to the 7{E million Chi- nese people ormed widr invincibte Mso Tseiung Thoughl the Soriet revisionist socio!- imperiolisb uill certoinly reop the bitter fruit they hove sowed.

Again and again, the Soviet re- territory of the People's Republic create "two Chinas." This is the visionist renegade clique has used of China, as a "country" in order clique's despicable political provoca- its propaganda media reeently to fo co-ordinate with U.S. imperialism tion against the 700 million Chinese describe Taiwan Province, the sdcred. iE the latter's criminal plot to people, and new evidence oI its erime , Januarg 16, L970 l, t' li.: of ganging up with U.S. imperialism to the Soviet Governnrent and lodge China campaign they are rrhipping i and the reactionaries of various a protest with it." up. t countries oppose the great Peo- to The Chinese Embassy also sternly Brought up under the teachings of ple's Republic of China. The Chinese t pointed out: "Tairvan is an insepa- the great Lenin and with a glorious Embassy in the Soviet Uninn has rable part of the sacred territory of revolutionary tradition, the Soviet ) lodged a stern protest against this the People's Republic of China. people have a long-standing revolu- with the Soviet Ministry of Foreign There is only one China in the world, tionary friendship for the Chinese Affairs. of namely, the People's Republic people. Ali t

4 Peki,ng Reuietp, No. 3 Praise for $elf-[eliance and llard $truggle ln Building a Plant - Running the Kirin Municipol Oil ond Greose Plont diligently ond frugolly

The ochievements ot the Kirin Municipol Oil ond Greose Plont ore o high tribute to the principle of self-relionce, hord struggle ond thot diligence ond frugolity should be proctised in running foctories. They provide evidence of the infinite creotivenesi of the greot Chinese people ormed with Moo Tsetung Thought. Choirmon Mqo hos pointed out: "The weqlth of society is creoted by the workers, peosonts ond working inteltectuols. If they toke their destiny into their own honds, follow o Morxist-Leninist linE'ond toke on octive ottilude in solving problems insteod of evoding them, there will be no difficutty in the world which they connot oyercome." This instruction is the source of our victory ond our orientotion in odvoncing. - Ed. rfi HE Kirin Municipal Oil and Grease Plant came into turned over to the state profits amounting to 40 times I being in the big leap year 1958 when an excellent the total sum invested by the state up through 1969. situation prevailed. At that time, Communist Party member Liu Sheng, a disabled P.L.A. man, special class, Building the Plont by Hord Struggle led 12 dependents of armymen and martyrs and other And Relying on Their Own Efforts people in his neighbourhood in setting up this promising At the initial stage, neither a building nor equip- and thriving socialist enterprise with only 25 1ruan and ment was avaiJable, nor rvere money and technique. three cauldrons. How to set up a plant in these "poor and blank" cir- cumstances? Some shook ttreir heads::!'No plant will The great leader Chairman Mao teaches us: "On be built by these twelve and a half people, one disabled what basis should our policy rest? It should rest on and 12 housewives!" But Liu Sheng, who was seriously our own strength, and that means regeneration through wounded and lost both his hands and feet during the one's gwn Wholeheartedly following Chair- efforts." War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea and was man Mao's teachings and acting according to his in- rated a special-class ,disabled armyman, retorted deter- structions, the revolutionary masses in the plant built minedly: "I will taEe,the-road of -revolution though I it through self-reliance and hard struggle. They pro- have no feet. I will make revolution though I have no duced for the revolution and guided the production with hands. Disabled as I am, I will not stop making rev- a revolutionary spirit. During the Great Proletarian olution half-way! Housewives will also contribute to Cultural Revolution, they thoroughly criticized the the socialist construction." counter-revolutionary revisionist line of the renegade, The presence of revolutionary people. is the most hidden traitor and scab Liu Shao-chi, and in the process fundamental prerequisite iri the dbsence bf other condi- Chair_man Mao's great concept of "maintaining independ- tions. Concertedly, they eiected a shelter made of .rag- ence .and keeping the initiative in our own hands and ged straw mats and.-boards -and picked up bricks and relying bn our own efforts" took deep root among them. stones to support the cauldron. tr'rom the big factories Because -the revolutionary spirit of the ,working they collected waste oil as raw material. The flame of class is its mainstay, the plant's outlook has undergone revolution burst with the firing of three cauldrons. a fundamental change. Today this plant, with a staff 'In 1961, the handful of capitalist roaders in the of 218, can produce more than 70 varieties of oil and old provincial Party committee feverishly pushed the grease as against one single product when it started. counter-revolutionary revisionist line of the renegade, Formerly limited to ri:claiming waste oil it now mass hidden traitor and scab Liu Shao-ehi. They blustered: produced products of an advanced domestic and world "Nothing much will come out of sueh a wretched pIant." leve}. In 1969, its total output value reached 3,400,000 Shortly afterwards, they. stopped the supply of raw .yuan, 52,7 per cent above that of 1966, while its labour material to the plant and ordered it to stop pr:oduction. -productivity. in 1969 was 64.7 per .cent' above that of ,The workers- responded in anger: llWhy, prohibit us .1966,- In the course of"its 12-year history, the plant from producing things the state needs? We will pro-

Januarg 16, 1970 duce what socialism requires." They tried eyery means ble spiritually, q4d provide.a reliable method and cor- tb overcome the difficulties and managed to continue rect road.,

. .1.

In 1962, the planl'becarne a stite enterprise under lrleeds o# Rerolution Is Orientotion lor the management of the Kirin city. . In the new situation, the issue arose: Should we continue to rest on our own 'lBe 'prep."ud_ against war, be prepared against strength or ask everything from ttrc state? This was. , -and rratoia[ disasters, do eve*thing for the people" a question of whether the plant would continue to is C-hairman Mao's great strategic thilking. It encom- advance along the road of "maintainipg independenee passes the whole situation ol the revolution. Proceeding and keeping the initiative in our own hbnds and relying plant produces whatever on our own efforts." from this whole situation the the rewolution needs and links its production closely The plant tvahted to build a new wor*shop for re- with socialist ccnstruction and with the consolidation generating the waste oil. Some eomrades suggested of the dictatorship of the proletariat. that they'requested an investment of 110,000 from 5ruan great principle the state. This proposal aroused a heated discussion In accordance with Chairrnan Mao's and most of the workers disagreed with it. They said: "Take agriculture as the foundation aad industry as all "We prefer to resolve all diificulties by ourseives, and the leading factor," the plant serves agriculture with never add even the slightest burden to the state." "So- its rnight- As a result of its investigations in the rural needed cialism will not come if we just wait or ask for he1p. area) the plant learnt that the countryside badly It will come only when we build it with our oivn hands." lubricating oil for carts. The workers tried their best Working together. the rvorkers and cadres cut the waste to produce it. At first, the plant lost money, some and old equipment on hand into pieces and made walls scores of yuan per ton, in making the oil. But the work- agri- for the vessels and stills out of them. They rvelded a ers said: "Chairman Mao calls on us to support variety of angle bqrs and steel tubes into supports. In culture. Whether or not n,e produce this oil is not a this way they made three wash vessels, one oil-r,l,ater question of financial gain or loss. It is a question of separator and installed two distiilating stills and two what political orientation we keep to. We have made problem losing cooling towers. Using only big iron hammers, they up our minds to produce the oil. The of this made a 2&metre-high iron chi.rnney. Having no press money can be solved." Under the pretext that capitalist and dies to make the dish-shaped base of the wash product was running at a loss, the handful of vessel, the machine-repair workers dug a big hote in roaders in the old municipal Party cornmittee forced Fro- the frozen ground in the shape of the base of the the ptant to stop producing the oil. In the Great '"vash thoroughly vessel and with big wooden hammers beat the heated letarian Cultural Revolution, the workers steel plates placed on the hole into the shape they criticized Liu Shao-chi's ret,isionist trash of "putting pro{its comrnand," and shouldered the task of pro- wanted. Fort;i hours of hard work yielded trvo bases. in ducing this oil sufficient to meet all the needs in the In the spirit of "ants nibbling at the boD.e," they built province's rural areas. Giving prominence to proletarian a workshop which regenerates 2,500 tons of waste oil politics, they improved management and lowered the per year without seeking any investment from the state. production costs, quickly ending financial loss. Upon Their spirit of self-reliance developed further in thb decrease in production costs from 530 yuan per ton the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution. In the last to 355 3,uan, the price also went down a great deal. The three years, they designed and built additional work- poor and lower-middle peasants were very plbased. shops and warehouses, covering 4,120 square metres, In production, the rvorkers fear no trouble, nor are an area 1.5 times of the total floor space occupied in they concerned about filling a small order. If the rev- the first nine years of the plant's operatioa. Supported olution needs it, they wiil resolutely produce it. To and helped by fraternal plants, they made or remade.68 scale a technical height, a power plant required a small pieces of major equipment and installed all the equip- quantity of a certain oil. Hearing the news, the plant's ment, saving the state a lot of money and rolled steel. workers immediately accepted the task in order to heighten the proletariat's morale and to smash the revi- On its road of "maintaining independenee and sionists' attempt to choke China by denying us this prod- keeping the initiative in our owa hands and relying on overcoming many difficulties, they succeeded our own efforts" and in struggling to overcome diffi- uct. After in trial-producing the oil in a short period of time, and cultles, the plant bases itself on making whatever it helped solve the problem faced by the power plant. can, taking into account the conditions in the plant and utilizing waste materials and old equipment. At the The plant conscientiously pays attention to the needs same time, its workers^ carry forward the style of en- of the whole country. It gives priority to the de- during hardship displayed by the veteran Eighth Route mands of the revolution and produce what is needed Army men, the spirit of practising economy in regard to in preparation against war. On one occasion in 1969, a every fen and every single. drop of oil, and the rev- leading member of the plant's revolutionary committee olutionary heroism of despising all ditficulties.: The went to a neightrouring factory on busiriess. As he was workers said that'these traits and practices are valua- makintri :a phone call, he nbticed an instruction on the f Peking Reuiew, No. 3 memorandum board: "W'ire Wuhsi im- mediately to send here quickly trans- parent sulfuretted oil for metal eutting." After he returneC to the plant, the comrade discussed the matter with the workers. It struck them that their own pla-nt and the factory visited were only one block apart, yet the oil in urgent need by the latter has to bc transportcd several thousand li. This was certainiv not beneficial to preparedness aguinst war'. So the oil plant immediately started its trial-production of the re- quired oil. Shortly after repeated ex- periment, it produced the oil and warmly sent it to the neighbouring faetory. Furthermore, it voluntarily aeeepted the responsibility of long-terrn supply ot this oil.

Soving Euery Copper for the hetrtng on lllao Tsetung Thought, the workers built ihis high-tempera- Revolution ture gtease wcrkshop hy self-relianoe. Our great leader Chai.rman Mao teaches us: "Saving every copper for the war effort, for the revoltltionary cause." Saving ing: "Be prepared against war, be prepared against every drop of oil, every piece of coal, every krvh. of natural disasters, and do everything for the people," electricity and every fen for ihe revoluticn has become they considered that the money should be spent where the plant's fine tradition- Aithough it has grorrn from it u'as most needed. Instead of building a conference a poor to a rich enterprise in the past 12 yeals. ihis room and dornritories or even a new high-temperature yuan build tradition remains. grease rvorkshop. they used the 160.000 to a workshop to produce nes; products- At the same At one time, the plant processed tung oil for the tirne, they used old and waste malsplals to renovate a city's bureau of grain. Treasuring the oil iu the course workshop to produrce high-temperature grease. By of the work, the workers used their hands to seoop up adopting an improved technological process, they mul- every drop spilled on the ground, boiied their cleaning tiplied the production eapacity 21-fo1d. The workers cloths to retrieve the oil, and with spoons scraped up commented: "This is in keeping with our spirit of ail oil remaining on the bottorn of the barr:els. Such making revolution with three cauldrons and our plant's drops accumulated. With better management and time*honoured tradition of self-reliance and building the reduction in waste, they saved 20 tons of tung oil, plant by hard work. That's horv money should be used'" valued at 40,000 yuan. Alrnays keeping in rnind the proletarian politics revolution and the construction of the whole country, They have persevered in putting masses have they handed in all the money thus saved to the state. in command of production' The worker been mobilized and every one of them takes part in In view of the plant's expansion and increased management- They have estabiished a whole set of work force, its revolutionary committee at the begin- rational and effective system of management, steadily ning of 1969 planned to use the plant's 160,000 yuan raised the quality of products and reduced costs, and of aceumulation to build a conference room and dor: provided au ever increasing amount of accumulation mitories. Just prior to breaking earth for the proiect, for the state. the Ninth Party Congress was suceessfully convened. Liu Sheng, chairman of the revolutionary cornmittee, Following Our Own Rood in at the plant's Mao Tsetung Thought study elass or- Develqing TechnologY ganized to implement the spirit of the eongress proposed Applying Chairman Mao's great teaching: "Break a ternporary postponement of the building of the eon- down foreign convestions and follow our own road in ferenee and dormitories favour using room in of the developing'industry," the plant mastered techniques 160,000 yuan to build aaother workshep for high- and sealed tecfrnieal helghts for the revolution' Pro- temperature grease. Ttris would save the 370,fiX) 5ruan eeeding from indigenous methods, it has taken the road and 100 tons of rolled stcel whieh the state had already of advaneing from indigenous to modern r,nethods and alloeated for the constrf,rcton of this workshop. The integrating theru into a whole' workers paid great attention to this proposal and engaged in heated discussiorrs.' Actually the plant The revolutionary workers who started this under- needed a conferenee room and dormitories. However, taking kneqr nothing about the needed techniques. aeting in accordance with Chairrr,ran Mao's great teaeh- firey had never been in a plant before, nor did they

Jarutarg 76, I9q0 know anything about the technique of oi1 refining. But eertain raw material, they went to 11 provinces and people armed with Mao Tsetung Thougirt can overcome autorromous regions to bring back 33 samples. After atl difficulties to rvin victoi'y: By forging ahead daunt- 108 experiments and overcoming a series of difficulties, lessly, studying diligentiy, and learning while working, they finally succeeded in trial-producing the grease. the workers mastered technique step by step. Former Then they set themselves a higher goal - to surpass ordinary housewives have dexterously mastered the the capitalist countries. The key to this goai laid in production techniques of most products. The plant now imprcving the property of a thickening agent. Daring has its own technical forces to handle trial-production to think and act, the workers and technicians, assisted of products, technological designing, buiiding and ln- by the departments concerned, made bold experiments stallation. Specializing in one field, they are also with indigenous methods and solved the problem in skilled ir-r others. only 60 days. Testing proved that the non-soap high- temperature grease prcduced in the capitalist countries I With regard to technique and equipment, the plant i can ensure continuous operation for only six months I practical experience of has steadily summed up the whereas rvith the same kind of grease produced by the I the masses on the basis of its needs and potential and Kirin plant the period is extended to 11 monihs. When I of making fu1l use of the existing conditions. Through the latter is used in locomotive generators, the effective experience, has gradually developing and raising the it period is 51 times as long as that of an crdinary grease. processes created complete sets of technological and When it is used on the roller bed's bearings of a large production equipment which are scientific and rational shear in a rolling mill, its effective period is 972-fold practical and conform to needs. For instance, low- greater than the grease previously used. temperature discharging was needed to raise the quality of ealcium base grease. As there was no equipment to Proeeeding flom thc principle of re)ying on its orvn handle this, the grease became thiek and could not flow. effcrts, the plant is daring to scale technical heighis Unafraid cf scorch or trurn at a temperature of about and blaze new paths. Once the workers decide to 100 degrees C., the workers scooped up the grease with achieve something, they do not give up until they suc- a big iron ladle one scoop after another. While per- ceed. Through self-reliance the plant has produced severing in production, they engaged in renovating the nine standardized products of 28 varieties. equipment and improving the technological process. After two years of continuous efforts, they have Reyolutionized People Giye Rise to changed the heating method from fire to steam, re- Revolutionized Plsnt placed the ordinary kettle with a jacketed kettle, Among the experiences which have turned the, oil switched from manual stirring to mechanical and two- and grease piant into a revolutionized socialist enter- directional stirring. "Indigenous methods" have prise, the most fundamental one is the growth of a gradually evolved into methods which are a combina- revolutionized contingent, nurtured by Mao Tsetung tion of both indigenous and modern procedures and Thought and tempered in the three great revolutionary the primitive has developed into the advanced. Me- movements class struggle, the struggle for production chanization and a system of pipes have been introduced. and scientific- experiment. Only with revolutionized As a result, the quality bf the calcium base grease people, tan there be a revolutionized,plant. produced in this plant caught up with the advanced lcvel of the samc kind of products in China. The plant has a revolutionized leading group. Its members study and apply Mao Tsetung Thought in a To smash the siavish comprador philosophy and living way, firmly act according to Chairman Mao's scgle technical heights for the revolution they often instructions, take the lead in study and conscientiously raised difficult problems for themselves to solve. In revolutioni2e their thinking. They take the'lead in 1965, a set of our production equipment requirecl a kind everything and conscientiously set examples for others of non-soap high-ternperature grease. To hamper our to follow. They lead the others to break netv paths development, the capitalist countries demairded exor- and are bold in shouldering risks. They regard Chair- bitant prices And unreasonable conditions for its supply. man Mao's great teachiirgs "self-reliante," 'larduous The workers were indignant when they heard about frugality should be this, and insisted that they be allowed to tackie ihe job. struggle" and "diligerice and practised in running factories" as maxirns in running The great leader Chairman Mao teaches us: "We the plant and constantly and repeatedly sturiy them to cannot just take the beaten track traversed by othcr guide their actions. In undertaking a joli; they give countrics in the development of technology and trail primacy to the factor of man, firmly believing that hehind them at a snail's pace." The plant's workers the masses have the intrinsic power bf self-reliance. and technicians solved the difficulties in the revolu- They forge close ties wtth the masses. Not divorced tionary spirit of waging arduous struggles._ Comrade from labour, they al'arays keep the masses in mind. They Tung Shuo-lin who was in charge of. this experi- go wherever there are difficulties. . It is not easy to mc'nt is a worker-technician with only six years make a distinction between workers and leading.cadfes. of schooling. Despite his serious duodenal ulcer and One vice-chairman of the revolutionary committee cholecystitis and recurrent high fever, he persisted at works with a hammer, pliers or spade all the year his fighting post r,l,ith unusual tenacity. To obtain a round, winning the praise of the workers - as 1'an ox

8 Peking Reuzcu, No. 3 working for the revolution and a good example of out reservation. She will do rvhateter the Party tells arduous struggle." When the special rail line was being her'. Diiigentiy and scrupuiously. she works heart and laid, Comrade Liu Sheng went along rvith the lorri.es sbul to build socialism. Often she has said: "The Party to bring back'sleepers from tlre forest. With oiher is rny mother and the plant my home; I follow the comrades, he climbed the mountains and persever-ed Party's teachings and love my home." During the Gl'eat even though his artificial leg bruised his stump and Proletarian Cultr,rral Revolution, she had the honour of caused it to bieed. A lorry driver advised him to stay being admitted into the great Communist Party of China. behind but he replied: "There is no smooth road in She has beccme a vanguard fighter of the proletariat. revolution. The revolution denra-nds the scaling of peaks. 'I'Il do it all my life in order to wipe out im- The oil and grease plant pays. close attention to perialism, r'evisionism and leaction and to eraancipate educating the new generation to follow the revolutionary all rnankind." The workers sai

January 76, 1970 i fl

I I A Pqrty Brsnch Mointoining Close i,r i I ir Ties With the Mosses

i rFIIE 37 Communist Party inembers in the tool work- There was one bad egg in ihe workshop who pre- i/ -c- shop of Hunan's Chuchow Rolling Stock Plant make tended to be an activist and ior a time pulled the fl per wool I up 20.5 cent of the total number of workers and over the eyes of some of the masses. Following cadres there. Helped and led by the Chuchow Municipal Chairman Mao's teaching "Never fotget class struggle," Revolutionary Comnri.ttee's Mao Tsetung Thbught propa- the Party branch, after making an all-round invesiiga- t ganda team stationed in the plant and the Chinese tion and study and acquiring conclusive evidence, I Communist Party's nudeus group in the Chuchow mobilized the masses to expose the disruptive activities Rolling Stock Plant and by Party consolidation, the of this scoundrel during the Great Proletarian Cultural *'orkshop established a new Party branch in December Revolution and his counter-revolutionary features. 1968 and took in new proletarian b1ood. The Party branch constantly educated the Party Direct reliance on the revolutionary masses is a members and revolutionary masses to always use Mao basic ptinciple of the Communist Party. Guided by Tsetung Thought to observe the new trends in class Chairman Mao's great theory of continuing the revolu- struggle. At one time, the class enemies used bourgeois tion under the dictatorship of the proletariat, the Party factionalism existing among some comrades in our own branch has in the past year mobilized Party members ranks to stir up an anarchist trend in an attempt to and workers to study and apply the whole series of disrupt proletarian revolutionary discipline and under- Chairman Mao's latest instructions in a living way so mine the work of grasping revolution and promoting that the Party branch can become a militant fortress production. Taking firm hold of this new trend, the which maintains close links with the masses. Party branch promptly organized the Party members and the masses to conscientiously study Chairmair Mao's Leoding the Revolutionory Mosses in Fighting teaching "Let . . . the sense of discipline grow stronger, The Closs Enemy and the revolution will be evet-victorious," criticize the The fundamental task of the Party organization is reactionary bourgeois theory of "rnany centres," that is, to lead "the proletariat and the revolutionary masses the theory of "no centre," and thus repulsed the offen- in the flght against the class enemy." Shortly after sir-e by the dass enemies and helped to greatly the Party branch was established, some people thought: strengihen the proletarian Party spirit within the rev- "The work of purifying the class ranks is drawing to olutionary ranks. an end, Party consolidation has been accomplished, the Acting in accordance with Chairman Mao's great branch has pause Party been established, and so we can strategic thinking "Be prepared against war, be prepared and rela*." The Party branch saw that this idea was against natural disasters, and- do everything for the a maniJestation of those peoplek weak sense of class people," the Party branch often educated the Party struggle and laek of the spirit of continuing the rev- members and the workers concerning the international r.ecognized grasp olution. It that to grasp or not to situation and exposed and denounced the crirnes of U-S. struggle was question class s fundamental involving imperialism and Soviet revisionist social-imperialism so whether the Party branch could lead the revolutionary as to enable the revolutionary masses to get a better masses to accomplish the various militant tasks of understanding of their aggressive nature. This has in- struggle-critieism-transformati.on and wh€{*rer could it creased the lightirrg spirit of Party members and raasses implement Chairman Mao's proletarian line on Party and strengthened their sense of organization and dis- building. cipline and etfectively carried the movemeut of In the light of the aetual class struggle in the plant grasping revolution aud promoting production to a nerrl and the workshop, the Party branch scathing\r criticized high. Standing beside their machines, they have the the renegade, hidden traitor and scab Liu Shao-chi,s interests of the world's people in mind. They regarded theory of "the dying out of class struggle,', and through the making of every spare part aad every screw as a struggle against the enemy, constantly raised the con- shell fired at the enemies. Going in for technical in- sciousness of the Party members and the revolutionary novations in a big way, they gave play to the militant masses in the struggle between the two lines, and took style of dariug to think and act, Iearing no fatigue the initiative to launch one attack after another against and engaging ia cuntinuous fighting and strove hard the class enemy. Together with the workefs, the Party to solve every difficult problem. In 1969, 23 big and I members, after careful investigation and study, launch- small innovated items were introduced, some of which ti ed a powerful politieal offensive and eventually dug out u/ere up to dornestic advaaced levels. Going all out I a handful of deeply entrenched class ecremies. and aiming high, under the leadership of the Party l, I 70 Peking Reuieto, IVo. 3 ri

L1 lt' Iti branch, the revolutionary masses met the 1969 produe- emplary vanguard role of a Communist and consult tion targets ahead- of schedule. them about solving any problem. Without exception, the pevolutionary masses In the fierce class strugglg the Party. members said: "There's bee:r a tre- mendoiis change this 'comrade.,, always led the masses and fought in the van, thus in He himself said with deep feeling: bringrng about a closer relationship between themselves "Whenever we Party members take a step forward, masses and the revolutionary masses. The worker comrades the will keep an eye on our footsteps.' we are: going said: "Communist Party members can ieally stand up If the right way, they will follow us; we path, to any stiff tests in class struggle; they have set a good if are taking the wrong they will immediately example for us to foIlow." point it out to us.,' Because the revolutionary masses observed from Criticizing the Theory Thqt "the Mosses Are numerous facts that the new Party branch earnestly BockwoRd," Proctising the Moss line followed Chairrnan Mao's teachings and maintained close ties with them, they took on the attitude of master was It because the revolutionary masses were asked of the house and constantly made.proposals regarding meetings. give to '"attend the and comments" in the the work of the Party branch. With the deep concern course of Party consolidation greatly that Party members and help of the revolutionary masses, the Party branch strengthened their mass point of vierv. But the Party has steadily progressed in its work. branch did not remain content with this achievement. Seeing that after Party consolidation certain Party On the other hand, as regards one-sided and in- members did not pay enough heed to opinions from correct opinions of the masses, the Party branch useC the masses, the Party branch became aware that the Mao Tsetung Thought to analyse them and did explana- pernicious inJluence of the theory that "the masses are tory and educational work among them. It gUarded baekward" had not been thoroughly eliminated. So it against and rejected tailism expressed in the statement eontinued to relentlessly criticize Liu Shao-chi,s "Do anything the way the masses want it to be done." counter-revolutionary revisionist line and constantly Consequently, while the Party braneh learnt from the raised the Party members' consciousness in learning masses, it also led them forward. The hearts of the from the masses. Meanwhile, the Party branch re- members of the Party branch are Iinked with those of garded the implementation of Chairman Mao's teaching the masses. "We must have faith in and rely on the mass€s', as one of the important aspects which they should pay att€n- A,rming the Mssses With Moo Tsetung Thought, tion to in building the Party in the ideological sphere. Orercoming Non-Proletorion Thinking Ttre Party branch was coneerned with the well- In its wor\ the Party branch of the tool workshop paid being of the masses and paid attention to methods of close attention to arming the Party members and Thought, work. In doing their work, they always acted as pupils the revolutionary masses with Mao Tsetung of the masses before becoming their teachers. They helped them overcome their non-proletarian thinking and based relationship and the consulted the masses whenever problems came up, and the between the Party proletarian revolutionary listened to extensive opinions from the masses. Thus masses on Chairman Mao's They developed deep-going mass movement for every type of work they did acquired a profound rnass Iine. a foundation and had the support of the revolutionary the living study and appJ.ication of Mao Tsetung Thought study masses. The worker comrades said: "The new Party Thought, often organized Mao Tsetung classes exchange experienc€s in branch has close relations vrith the masses." and held forums to their living study and application of Mao Tsetung Led and helped by the Party braneh, the over- Thought and worked hard to apply what they had been whelming majority of the Party members are able to studying. They have held nine such forums since the modestly listen to the opinions of the revolutionary establishment of the new Party brandr. In the light masses and consciously look up to the masses:as their of actual conditions in their workshop, they paid speeial teachers. They often use their holidays and work breaks attention tGostertng the following viewpoints: to go to see the masses, have heart-to-heart talks with One. The viewpoint oI continuing the revolution them, get to know the trend of their thinking, and dictatorship proletariat. The tool accept supervision and help from the revolutionary under the of the rvorkshop has been praised many times for outstanding masses. Influenced by the pernicious effects of Liu achievements in its work, but the Party branch did not Shao-chi's theory that "the masses are backward," one in the least allow itself to be content with these; in- Party member thought himself better than others, stead, edueated the Party members and the masses adopted a rude attitude towards the masses and thus it to arm themselves with Chairman Mao's theory of con- incurred great dissatisfaetion on the part of the masses. the revolution under the dictatorship of the Making the advanced elements of the proletariat his tinuing proletariat, to constantly fight self and criticize revi' example after Farty consolidation, he set strict demands sionism increase their consciousness and initiative on himself. He was determined to be a pupil of the and in continuing the revolution. masses. On his own, he often called on them and ' chatted with them. At any time and under all circum- First of all, the Party blanch made strict l:.lr"ldt stances, he was able to pay attention to playing the ex- on itself. It often adopted ihe open'door rectification

JanuarE 16, 1970 11 firethods to listen to extensive criticism and opinions demands on the Party memberS in accordance with the from the masses, The Party members also took the lead requirements laid dorvn in the new Party Constitution in fighting self and criticizing revisionism in front of and gave full play to the Party members' exemplary the masses and, b;r'their own exemplar5r deeCs, helped vanguard role.. A keen political atmosphqre,was lacking :group the masses overcome their non-proletarian thinking. in the attending the grinding machines origin- One Party branch committee member grew arrogant ally, and it was lagging behind in grasping revoluiion because, he had,been honoured. The and promoting production. Later,'the Party branch and complacent .of Party branch realized that.-this was an obstacle on the sirengthened its leadership this group and sent a road of continuing the revolution and the beginning o{ Party member there. Acting in line with Chairman stagnation. Therefore they first began to conscien- Mao's instructions, this Party member headed the mass:s tiously study Mao Tsetung Thought in the Party branch in studying and applying Mao Tsetung Thought in a committee and wage active ideological struggle; they living way and in struggling against the undesiratrle then asked the Party branch committee member to tendencies. IrIe took the initiative in helping the gro";p speak out about his selfish ideas before the masses and leader' do ideological and political work among th: find out where he was lagging. Influenced by the Party masses and get the whole group united on the basis ol branch, the tool workshop decided that whenever it was Mao Tsetung Thought. As a result, the revolution praised, it would try to find where it was lagging, -sum developed vigorously and production was on the up- up its experience, work out its measures and constantly swing. Thus this group rapidly changed from a'back- display its vigorous revolutionary spirit. The Party branch led the masses forward by dis- Three. The viewpoint of policy. Following Chair- playing the revolutionary spirit of fearing neither hard- man Maois teaching: "Policy and tactics are the life of ship nor death. Whenever, difficulties arose, its com- the Party," the Party branch persistently armed the mittee members invariably went ahead boldly to con- workers with the Party's various proletarian poiicies. It quer them. In leading the masses in labour at the cas,t firmly fostered the viewpoint of policy, energetica't1y steel capital construction work-site one day in- January grasped implementation of Party policy and resolulely last year, two Party branch committee members. were carried it out to the letter. This has greatly increaseC policy. the first to take off theil shoes and socks. Barefooted the revolutionary masses' understanding of Party in the'biting cold, they began the battle to break up Now, they support whatever conforms to Party policy the ice and dig up the mud. They studied .the "three and oppose whatever runs counter to it. They firmly constantly read articles" together with the masses and, follow Party policy in handling all problems. Led by with the tenacity and will pov/er of fearing neither the Party branch committee, the tool workshop has hardship nor death, they overcame many difficulties conscientiously implemented Party policy and l'1iber- and futfilled their tasks with credit. They were highly ateri" those cadres *'ho should be "liberated." Some praised by the m?sgqs for their exemplary deeds. L] people previously looked upon the intellectuals as a one voice, the masses said: "We have faith in such burden, but later, following Chairman Mao's teaching, Party members." they helped them take the road of integration with the ' workers and peasants and bring their positive factors Two. The viewpoint o[ strengthening Party leader- into play. Because they unswervingly followed Party ship. The new Party branch organized the Party m..m- policy in handling every problem, they have united bers and the revolutionary masses conscientiously to with all the people who can be united and brought the study Chairman'Mao's pr:ogramme for Party building masses' initiat,ive into full play. and the new Paity Constitution, guided them to further recognize that the Chinese Communist Party, personally Recently, under the leadership of the plant's Party founded and nurtured by our great leader Chairrnan ccmmi-ttee, the Party branch of the tool workshop per- Mao, is a great, glorioqs and correct Party and that seveied in giving prominence to proletarian politics arid it is the leading core.of the entire Chinese people. At conscientiously studied Chairman Mao's Oz Carrect'ingi the same time, they mercilerssly criticized,Ghe counter- Mistaken lileas in th.e Party and the dbcisions adopted revolutionary revisionist fallacies spread by Liu Shao- in 1960 by the enlarged meeting of the Military Com- chi in a vain effort to liquidate the Party leadership. mission of the Central Committee of the Chinese Com: This has further heightened the consciousness of the munist Party. They organized debates on the relation- Party members and the revolutionary masses. ship between politics and professional work and carried To strengthen Party leadership is to act in accord- out the writing and telling of family histories, recalling ance with Mao Tsetung Thought and to conscientiously suffering in the old society and exposing and criticizing. implement Chairrnan Mao's proletarian revolutionary the crimes of the exploiting elasses. All this has fur- line. As sooh as any of Chairman Mao's latest instruc- ther sparked the proletarian feelings of the masses. On tions was published, they immediately publicized it this . basis, they unfolded a deep-going 'ifour good". without delay and saw to it that-no oiie missed the, movement and aroused the masses and relied on them- chance to'study it. They devoted conscientiouS efforts. They have made up their minds to make'still greater- to studying itland took. an aetive part. in putting it into contributions to the,.socialist revolution and Socialist practice. At the'same time, -the Party branch set strict,

72 Peking Reuieu, No. 3 "Three S*pports and Two Militaries" Make for the Best Arrmy Buildirg

by Chang Yuan-ho anC Sun fXao-chen,

responsible members o! the P.L.A. unit in u:hich Li Wen-chung* serueil f N his "Report to the Ninth National Congress of the organizing the masses, arming them, helping them to r Commu4ist Party of China," Vice-Chairman Lin Piao estahlish revolutionary political power and setting up pointed out: "In the Great Proletarian Cultural Rev- Party organizations." During the Second and Third olution, Iarge numbers of commanders and fighters Revolutionary Civil Wars, Chairman Mao stipulated have taken part in the work of 'three supports and two that our army should be a fighting force and a u,orking militaries' (i.e., support industry, support agriculture, force. In the period of the socialist revolution, Chair- support the broad masses of the Left, miiitary control, man Mao further pointed out: "The People's Liberation political and military training) and representatives of Army should be a great sehool. In this school, our the army have taken part in the three-in-one combina- army should study politics and military affairs, raise tion; they have tempered themselves in the class stmg- its edueational level, and also engage in agrieulture and gle, strengthened their ties with the masses, promoted side-occupations and run small or medium-sized the ideological revolutionization of the aray. and made factories to make ptoducts for its own needs or for new contributions to the people." Ttrrough the great exchange rvith the state against equal values. Our army revolutionary practice of "three supports and two should also do mass work and participate in the socialist militaries" in the past three years, we deeply reafize education movement in the factories and the villages. that this cpnstitutes an important comlrcnent part of When the socialist education movement is over, it rr{ll our great leader Chairman Mao's theory of continuing dweys find mass wort to do so as to be always at one the revolution under the dictatorship of the proletariad; with thc rnasse!!. AIso our army should always be ready this is the most important mass work in the new situa- to partieipate in the struggles to sriticize and repudiate tion in the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution and the bourgeoisie in the cultural revolution." During the makes for the best army building. Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, Chairman Mao directed our army to take part in the work of "three lmportont Development of Morxist-Leninist supports and two militaries." This is Chairman Mao's Theory of Army Building fundamental line and great strategic measure in build- ing our army under the conditions of the dictatorship The Chinese People's Liberation Army rvas founded of the proletariat and an important development of the and has developed in the storm of rnass struggle. It is Marxist-Leninist theory on army building. Only by the P.L.A's glorious tradition to build up the army in tempering itself and building itself in such a great mass mass In the initial period of the founding of struggle. struggle can the people's army better fulfil the era's our army, Chairman Mao wisely pointed "The out: important tasks entrusted to it by the proletariat. Chinese Red Army is an armed body for earrying out the political tasks of the revolution. Especially at Roising' Consciousness of Closs Stru-ggte present, the Bed Army should certainly not confine And ihe Stnrggle Between the Two Lines itself to fighting; besides fighting to destroy the enemy's military strength, it should shoulder such im- Participation in the work of "three supports and portant tasks as doihg propaganda among the rnasses, two militaries" over the past three years has proved that, by sending the army to face the world of surging 'Comrade Li Wen-chung was the leader of the 4th Platoon mass movements and brave the storm of such struggles, ol the 6th Company of the Chinese People's Libcration Army's the commanders and fighters have greatly heightened Unit .6011. Aeting according to orders from the great leader Chairman Mao and Vice-Chairman Lin Piao, his platoon per- their consciousness of class struggle and the struggle foimed immortal meritorious deeds in fuuiuing the task of betrveen the'two lines, and the army's political mettle supportipg . the teft in Kiangsi Province. While carrying out and the task of supporting the Left on .August 19, 196?, he aid has beeir raised enormously. P.L.A. commanders men'in his platooa bravely rescued more than 5C young Red fighters used to live in barracks; they seldom took part Guards and other revolutionaries who were in danger of have a clear and deep drowning after their boat sank in a riv-er. In .doing this, Ti in mass movements.and did,not Wen-chung and two othei comrades gave up their lives. Chair- understanding of class struggle under socialism. Now man 'Mao and Vice-Chaiiinan'.Lin personally approved 'the that they have taken part in the work of "three sup- conferring of the honoured title "Model Platoon in Supporting the Left and Cherishing the People" on the platcon. ports and tu'o militaries," they havd a better under-

Januarg 16, 7970 73 standing of Chairman Mao's teaching: "Socialist so- The 6th Company in *,hich Li Wen-chung served ciety covers a considerably long historical p:riod. In had performed many meritorious deeds for the people the historical period of socialism, there are stiil classes, during the War of Resistance Against Japan, the War class contr*dictions and elass strqggle, there is the of Liberation and the \ilar to Resist U.S. Aggression struggle between the socialist road and the eapitalist and Aid Korea" lVhile supporting the Left in a factory road, and there is the danger of eapitalist restoration." in the city of Nanchang during the Great Cultural After coming to the Changyung Production Brigade Revolution, comrades in this company learnt that a in Hsinchien County, Kiangsi Province. to carry out the handful of bad elements had usurped the leadership task of supporting agriculture, the comrades in the there. Using the bourgeois theory of "many centres," Model Piatoon in Supporting the Left and Cherishing these people were exercising bourgeois dictatorship over the People an honoured titie conferred by the the revr:lutionary workers and holding back progress Ulilitary Commission- of the Central Committee of the in the factory's struggle-criticism-transformation move- Chinese Party found that a section of ment. Under the correct leadership ol their higher Communist - ttre peasants in two of the brigade's production teams Party committee, the cadres and fighters of the 6th rvere at loggerheads over some problem about water. Cornpany, holding high the great red banner of Mao Fighters of the platoon fir:st asked them to send rep- Tsetung Thought, energetically publicized the spirit of resentatives to settle the problem through consulta- the 12th Plenary Session of the Party's Eighth Central tion. But antagonism had reached such a point that Committee among the workers. Kindling the revolu- they could not even sit down at the same table and tionary flame of struggle against bad elements, they talk ihings over. Later, cornrades irr the platoon ferreted out the handful of class enemies who had studied Chairman l\{a.o's teaching of applying the view- hiddea themselves ire the revolutioaary ranks and point of classes and class struggle and the method of wrested back the power of leadership in the factory. class analysis to observe and analyse every single thing- Through actr-ral struggle, the commanders and This enlightened and helped them get to the bottom fighters have come to the profound understanding that of the question quickly. Comrade Ma Shou-tseng, the it is difficult to seize back power, that it is dangerous platoon leader, said: "We should deal with this water to lose it, and that to keep power firmly in the dispute in the light of Chairman Mao's teaching. We hands of the proletariat is not easy. They have mustn't remain on the 'surface' and tackle it purely as learut to corr:ectly distinguish, under socialist condi- a water problem. Wc must get to the 'bottom' and tions, the two different types of contradictions - catch the 'water devil' who stirred up all this trouble." those between ourselves and the enemy and those The fighters and the poor and lower-middle peasants Ermong the people. Now the commanders and fighters ran a Mao Tsetung Thought study dass in v''hlch they are not only able to struggle against enemies with guns, eonscientiously studied Chairman Mao's fsaehing but they have also learnt to struggle against enemies I forget class struggle" together and relortlessly i "Never without guns; they are not only able to fight enemies criticized the renegadg hidden traitor and scab Liu on the military front, but have learnt to fight those I Shao-chi's theory of "the dying out of elass struggle." on the ideological front; they are not only able to t After investigation and study and a class analysis, they fight open enemies, but have learnt to fight hidden discovered that the man behind the scenes pouring oil i ones as wel1. With a deep understanding gained from on troubled waters was one who, had it not been for I personal experience, some cadres and fighters said: some slip, should have been classified as a landlord. i "We must never forget class struggle or relax in the The poor peasants I fighters and the and lower-middle struggle between the two lines; we must never let the exposed this class enemy and denounced his crimes. I concept of political power fade away in our minds, greatly This raised the masses' conscior"rsness of class and u,e must always continue the revolution." I struggle. The,two production teams involved buried r the hatchet and, united as never before, they en- Proletorion i Training Successors to the couraged each other by launching a socialist i'evolu- Revolutionory Couse I tionar5r emulation campaign. r By participating in the r+,ork of "three supports Practice in the supports and two militaries" we have in the great mass struggle I "three and two militaries," has also enabled the commanders and fighters to see trained a great number of successors to the revolution- I that the nature of class struggle in the ideological ary cause of the proletariat. This is of great significance I sphere is protracted, acute and complicated. They in builcling our army. Chairman Mao has taught us: i I pro{oundly realize that class struggle under the dic- 'successors to the revolutionary cause of the proletariat tatorship of the proletariat still centres round the ques- come forward iu nrass struggles and arc tempered in I tion of politieal power, and the main target of revolu- the great storms of revolution." To carry out the tasks tion is the handfut of Party persons in authority taking of struggle-criticism-transformation well in every unit, the capitalist road. the commanders and fighters at the forefront of "three I t4 Peking Reuiew, No. 3 I

I

I i supports and two militaries" sometimes went to a these successors to the revolutionary cause of the pro- factory singly; sometimes a squad went to a eounty letariat who have been tempered in the storm of class and sometimes two comrades from a mess squad went struggle, crur army will dauntlessly forge ahead along to a rural people's commune. Closely following Chair- Chairman Mao's line on building the arrny. When we man Mao's great strategic plan, they conscientiously promote new cadres, we see to it that they are selected implemented Chairman Mao's proletarian polieies, fol- from among those at the forefront of the ,'three sup- lowed and defended Chairman Mao's revolutionary line, por"us and two militaries," and after promoting them, and tempered their boundless loyalty to Chairman Mao, vle send them to the forefront again to be examined to Mao Tsetung Thought and to Chairman Mao's pro- and tested and trained into reliablc successors to ihe letarian revolutionary line. revolutionary cause of the proletariat, such as Li Wen- chung, a Model in Supporting the Left and Cherishing Comrade I{u Nung-sheng, present poiitieai in- the People. The surging revolutionary mass movement structor of the company acclaimed as the "Chir-rgchow is a great school for training successcrs to the re'rolu- Company" during the War of Resistance Against Japan, tionary cause of the proletari.at and a great crucible in is an activist in the study of Mao Tsetung Ti:ought. which the5r are steeled. When he w-ent to the Kiukiang Normal Schoot io carry out political and military training, he went with the Fesiering &e Fine Revolutionqrt S?yle fine style of persevering in the living study and ap- plication 'of Mao Tsetung Thought. He used Mao By taking part in the work of "three supports and Tsetung Thought to carry out propaganda among the two rniiitaries,'l our army has fostered in the mighty masses and to organize and arm them. He could storm of mass struggle the fine style of closely follow- ri always be found among the masses, doing metieulous ing the Par'ty's Central Committee with Chairman Mao i ideological and political work and having heart*to-heart as its leader and Vice-Chairman Lin as its deputy leader talks s,ith the revoiutionary teachers and students or and of strictly adherilg to revolutionary discipline. visiting their homes. Finding that the non-proletarian Everyone realizes that only by closely following the "mountain stronghold" mentality still existed among Party's Central Comrnittee can we have the correct the teachers and studeots, he irnmediately organized orientation and strength and always be imbued rrith all of them in a Mao Tsetung thought study class to the vigour of advancing on the great road of continuing study again and again and grasp the meaning of Chair- the rer-oiution. During the Great Proletarian Cultural I man Mao's great teaching that proili:tariat must Revolution, p'henever they hear an order from the "the It emancipate not only itself but all mankind." This Party's Central Commffiee with Chairman IL{ao as its t teachers and leader and Vice-Chairman f-;in as its deputy leader, the I helped the broad masses of revolulionary I students rise above their petty concerns and become cadrcs and fighters immcdiately study it, even if it is I far-sighted and open-mind-ed. Rallied closely tcgether late at night, and resolutely carry it out. Commanders i rn as praised by the masses under the banner of Mao Tsetung Thought,.they quickly and fighters of a unit, which Indomitable Heroic 4th Company during the set up a revolutionary committee and brought on a as the several hundred Ii apart high tide in the proletarian edttcational revolution. War of Liberation, lived in a remote mountain area when they went to carry Participation in the rvork of "three supports and out the rn'ork of "three supports and t\ro militaries." two militaries" has increased the ability of both cadres Day or night, whenever a new directive from Chair- t and fighters to use the right tactics, to seize the man 1\[ao was published, they immediately crossed initiative and to be flexible in the struggle against the the mountains to relay it in good time to the poor and enemy; it has al.so increased their ability to give leader- lower-middle peasants. "Diseipline is the guarantee for ship when working independently. By promoting such the imple*rentation of the line." Though comrades in successors to the proletarian revolutionary cause to key some companies were scattered over several hundred posti, u,e have added new blood to our leading groups Ii in the mountdin areas, as soon as they got an order, at various levels. Since participating in the work of they were able to take concerted action and raise the supporting the Left, our unit has promoted several conscious observance of discipline to a new high. hundred cadres at the forefront of the "three supports Though far from their leadership rvhile carrying out and two militaries'l to leading posts at various levels the work of supporting the Left, several comrades, in the arrny. These new cadres have studied Chairmab sometirnes even one comrade, were able to overcome

Mao's theory of continuing the revolution under the all kinds of difficuities in resolutely carrying out - an dictatorship of the proletariat in a living way and have order and consciously implementing and enthusiastically applied it wel]. Their consciousness of class struggle propagating Chairman Mao's proletarian revolutionary and the struggle between the two lines is high, and they line. While doing its work in a hilly district in Chiugan have the ability to independently lead their men to County, the Mao Tsetung Thought propaganda team of fulfil the tasks entrusted to them. Now that we have the 3rd Company of one unit carried forward the

January 16, 7g?0 15 r ij i glorious revolutionary tradition of the o1d Red Army. on us to make full preparations against U.S. impq I With the treasured red books by Chairman Mao close rialism and social-imperialism launching a war of ag- I to their bosoms and their luggage on their backs. they gression. To be well prepared against ll/ar, we must i crossed mountains and rivers and braved wind and mobilize the people of the whole country to be well snow for more than 50 days. covering over 1,000 Ii on prepared both mentally and materially against a war I foot to wlaely spread IVIao Tsetung Thought and imple- of aggression. The. "three supports and two militaries': ! ment Chairman Mao's latest instructions in out-of-the- are the best preparation against war. way mountain villages. One day in bitter rvinter, they t ' The richest source of power to wage war lies in I went to a small mountain village more than 1,000 metres 'the masses armed r,r,ith Mao Tsetung Thought. During 1 above sea level. to camy out propaganCa. The sDow: the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, the com- covered paths on the mountain were slipperv, and it mander-s and fighters, following and developing the I was extremeiy difficult for ihem to advance. But the glorious tradiiion of our army as a working force, have fighters, who were armed with Mao Tsetung Thought joined Mao Tsetung Thought propaganda teams and anci alu,ays had Chairman ilIao in their hearts, defied gone to government offices, schools, factories and vil- the biting cold. Their fighting will kame firmer and t lages to propagate Mao Tsetung Thought. Since taking firmer as they made their way through the snorv. On part in the work of supporting the Left, our unit has the rvay, fighter Sun lYei-fu suddenly became sick. sent out thousands of Mao Tsetung Thought propaganda I But rvhen the eornrades asked him to rest, he recited in groups to remote and distant areas to disseminate Mao fl a loud voice two lines from a poem by Chairman Mao: Tsetung Thought. The commanders and fighters have "The Bed Army fears not the trials of a distant march; I helped the masses run tens of thousands of Mao Tsetung t To them a thousand mountains, ten thousand rivets I Thought study classes where they study Chairman are nothing." With tremendous tenacity, he followed Mao's works, implement Chairman Mao's proletarian the others in continuing their way across the moun- t policies and carry out a series of Chairman Mao's latest I tains. Comrades in this team helped the poor and instructions. Mao Tsetung Thought has taken deep lorver-middie peasants run various kinds of Mao root in the hearts of the people, thereby promoting I Tsetung Thought study classes. With their help, 17 men's ideological revolutionization and spurring the 1 communes and timber-yards set up revolutionary com- great development of industrial and agricultural pro- mittees, and the leading groups of the production duction. Vice-Chairman Lin said: "Once Mao Tsetung brigades under these communes were strengthened. Thought is grasped by ,the broad masses, it becomes t Vice-Chairman Lin said: "On its part, the surging an inexhaustible source of strength and a spiritual mass movement greatly inspires and educates the army, atom bomb oI infinite power." With a deep under-

I thus becoming the revolutionary crucible for tempering standing that comes of personal experience, some cadres I and raising the political consciousneqs of the arrny." and fighters say: The revolutionary masses armed with I Experience proves that rrhether the commanders and Mao Tsetung Thought are the best preparation against fighters temper themselves in the storm of mass strug- war, I gle or not makes a great difference; there is also a Commanders and fighters and the masses have great difference whether they work in a big or small shared weal and woe and fought shoulder to shoulder I area, whether they bralr a big or small storm, and in the work of supports and two militaries." whether they temper themselves in the mass struggle "three t Together, they have dug out the handfut of renegades, for a long or short period. The bigger the area they 1 enemy agents and absolutely unrepentant capitalist lvork in, the bigger the storm they brave and the longer roaders, thereby eliminating the hidden danger of the time they temper th6mselves in mass struggle, the I capitalist restoration and enormously strengthening the more they benefit from it and the more conspicuous dictatorship of the proletariat. While taking part in t is their success in ideological revolutionization. From I the revolutionary committees, representatives of the our practice, u'e have come to a deep understanding I army have consciously brought into them the ex- that to do a good job in building the army on a political perience gained by the P.L.A. in giving prominence to basis under the dictatorship of the proletariat, the t proletarian politics, such as studying and appiying &{ao fundamental way is to constantly enable the units to I Tsetung Thought in a living way, persisting in the temper themselves in the great storm of mass struggle. , "four-firsts" (i.e., giving first place to man in handling the relationship between man and w-eapons; to political t tf the Army ond the Peopte Are United cs One, work in handling the relationship between poiitical and I Who in the World Con Motch Them? other lvork; to ideological work in relation to routine li Chairman Mao has party taught us: "The whole tasks in political work; and, in ideological work, to the must pay great attettion to war, study military matters living ideas in a person's mind, as distinguished from I and pr€pare itself for fighting." In his political report to the Ninth Party Congress, Vice-Chairman Lin called (Continued on p. 21.) I i 16 I Peking Revieu, No. 3 t

L 1cr: Io Find Hen Truly Great and lloble-Hearted He tust look Here in the Present

- ln proise of the portroyol of the heroic imoge of Yong Tzu-jung in "Toking Tiger Mountoin by Strotegy"

by Hung Cheng

T AKING Tiger Mountoin bA Strategy, a model rev- praises of their representatives, depicting them as r- olutionary Peking opera improved and perfected "saviours'i and decking them out as "heroes." On the again and again through indefatigable efforts, marks other hand, they regard the working people, thg the high ideological level and splendid artistic achieve- creators of history, as dregs. We must now reverse ment of the model revolutionary theatrical *'orks. Like the histcry reversed by the exploiting classes and a resplendent banner calling to battle, it inspires the strive to portray by proletarian artistic methods the fighting rvill of the broad masses of revoltrtionary peo- images of proletarian heroes in socialist literature and ple and encourages them to strive for the all-round dic- art so as to consolidate the dictatorship of the pro- tatorship of the proletariat over the bourgeoisie in the letariat. realm of the superstructure. Our great leader Chairman Mao has taught us: Symbolized by the sparkling successes of the "Revolutionary literature and art should create a va- model revolutionary .theatrical llrorks, the proletarian riety of characters out of real life and help the masses revolution in literature and art is an important compo- to, propel history iotward,.".in What stands out as a nent part of China's Great Proletarian Cultural Revo- remarkable achievement the model revolutionary lution. It is different from the bourgeois "Renais- Peking opera Taking Tiger Mountain by Strategg is t}l.e sance" which replaced one system of exploitation with conspieuous success in the portrayal of Yang Tzu-jung, another. It is different from the bourgeois "Enlighten- a typical example of new proletarian heroes. The name ment Movement" whieh left the system of exploitation Yang Tzu-jung, which in the last few years has become intact. And it is different from China's "May 4th the personification of proletarian loyalty, courage and Movement'' which was anti-imperiaiist and anti-feudal wisdom, has taken deep root in the hearts of the broad in content. The series of model revolutionary theatri- masses of workers, peasants and soldiers. "A Com- cal lvorks personally fostered by our respected and munist always heeds the Party's call, he takes the beloved Comrade Chiang Ching has created images of heaviest burden on himself"; "Let the red flag fly all proletarian heroes unknown in history, driven off the over the world, be there seas of fire and a forest of representatives of. the landlords and bourgeoisie who knives, I'11 charge ahead"; "Standing in the cold and dominated the stage for thousands of years and enabl- melting the ice and snow, I've the morning sun in nry ed the real masters of history to enter the realm of heart"; these and other noble \r,ords of Yang Tzu-jung literature and art. Thus begins a new era in the have become rvatchwords heightening the fighting will history of literatuie and art. of the revolutionary people, and today are on the lips peasants The image of The hero Yang Tzu-jung in the model revolution- of the w'orkers, and soldiers. proletarian hero Yang Tzu-jung glitters with the ary Peking opera Taking Tiger Moutttain by Strategg the has become a is a typical example of proletarian heroes poriraS'sd brillianee of Mao Tsetung Thought; it with a proletarian u,orld outlook and proletarian tremendous spiritual force inspiring the revolutionary artistic methods. people in their march -florrvard. Yang Tzu-jung is a scout of the Chinese People's Typicol Exonnple of Proletorion F{eroes Liberation Army. Years of hardening in battle have In order to consolidate their rule, all exploiting made him resourceful and sharp, intrepid and alert. classes in history use literature and art to sing the But this is only one aspect of his personality. If atten-

January 16, 1970 17 I: tt

tion were paid solely to depicting these characteristics to Chairman Mao's teachings, he earries out the P.L.A.'s and to stressing only the "thrills" in the plot and in- discipline torvards the masses, is concerned u,ith their dividual ability and cleverness, the result lvould be to well-being, and does propaganda work and makes in- distort the image of this hero, just as mal1y plays and vestigations among them. What he does as the leader films in the past have distorted the images of other of a scout platoon is quite ordinary, yet his deep pro- heroes. In accordance with Comrade Chiang Ching's letarian feelings have enabled him to move "God's" instructions, ttre Taking Tiger Mountain by StrategE heart, and this "God" is rrone other than the masses Group, proceeding from a deep understanding of the who regard him as one of their own and tell him every- heroic character, has always kept the portrayal of the thing they know about the enemy. Herein lies the inex- high political consciousness of this proletarian revolu- haustible source of his wisdom. His flesh-and-blood tionary fighter uppermost in mind- and laid the stress ties with the masses and his utter loyalt;r to the Party on describing his boundless loyalty to the great leader weld together to form a solid foundation that makes Chairman Mao and invincible Mao Tsetung Thought him courageous and fearless in the face of the enemy. and his sincere and profound class feeiings for the In ihe scene u'Into the Bandits' Lair," he is able to came of a remain because he feels masses - the class traits of this hero who calm and unperturbed "millions family of farm labourers with a history of bitter suf- of class brothers are by his side." Confronted by the fering in the old society. By depicting the proletarian ferocious bandits, he is able to cope with any situation, qualities of this hero, Taking Ttger Mountai,n ba because he has "the morning sun in his heart." The Strategg has created in Yang Tzu-jung an artistic rep- sudden appearance of the bandit Luan Ping in the scen€ resentative of thousands upon thouSands of heroes of Jtconverging on llundrdd Chicken.s Feast" brings Yang the Chinese People's Liberation Army. tzu-jung face to face with an extremely perilous situa- Apart from showing Yang Tzu-jung's great courage tion. But he remains fearless before danger and com- pletely and and wisdom, this opera has incisively described tJre deep ignores his own safety. Fierce vicious, Luan roots of such courage and wisdom which result from Ping schemes to put him on the spot, but he has seen being nurtured by Mao Tsetung Thought and which through the bandit's cowardice, which is his cLass na- stem from immense lcyalty to the people. The scene ture, and very well knows that Luan Ping dare not say anything about his capture by the P.L.A. Taking full "Asking About Bitterness" is a most moving descrip- tion of this. advantage of this, Yang Tzu-jung triumphantly emerges from a passive and unfavourable position, seizes the runs While pursuing the bandits, Yang Tzu-jung initiative, turns the tables on the enemy and outvrits latter recognizes Yang as the into Hunter Chang. The the enemy until his comrades join forces with him at has saved his But having just "fur trader" who child. {}le llundred Chickens Feast to rvipe out Vulture and robbed the bandits, Flutrter Chang is suspicious been by his bandit gang- His eourage is not that of a daredevil of Yang norv in uniform. Yang Tzu-jung immediately who risks his life for the sell-interests of a few indivi- the ht:nter who he is and aims of the P.LA. tells the duals or of a small grcup; his courage stems from his Hearing P.L.A. has come mountains that the into the to inlinite loyalty to the revolution and the people. t{is bandits, Hunter Chang and his daughter, who fight the wisdom is not that of a scheming politician nnanoeuvring bitterly hate the bandit chieftain Vu.lture, are una"ble to for porver and personal gain, but a correct judgment hold back their pent-up anger. Before her kith and kin of the objective reality acquired frorn investigation and the P.L.A. man, Chang Pao, who till then has pretended study for the purpose of upholding class interests and be a mute and disguised herseU as a boy, sobs as to annihilating the enemy. Ali this is the result of his denounces the bandit chieftain for his Her she crimes- being nurtured by Mao Tsetung Thought. angry accusation in this scene draws tears of sympathy. Roused to the utmost rage by her account oI the ban- Since ancient times, a spate of literary and altislic dits' crimes, Yang Tzu-jung solemnly declares: "Op- works have portrayed many "wise" and "brave" char- pressed people everyvi,,here have blood accounts to seitle acters, but has there been any artistic example like with their oppressors, the5r s'arr1 vengeance, an eye for Yang Tzu-jung, who serves the people wholeheartedly an eye and blood for bloo

18 Peki,ng Reuiew, No. 3 model revolutionary theatrical works have written a Mountain bg Strotegy Group conscientiously studied new page in the history o{ world literature and arl the situation concerning the struggle between ourselves and the enemy in the northeast China theatre of war Greot Heroes Emerge From Tempering in aRd our Party's operational str*tegy. It gives an inci- Greqt Struggle sive descniption of the historical background in which From the time he appears on the stage, Yang Tzu- our heroes lived. This vivid description of the back- jung is a mature proletarian hero. His lofty image is ground of the whole struggle brings hero yang presented from different angles through his attitude to- Tzu-jung into the scene of the magnificent peopie,s war wards the Party, the comrades, the masses and the and elosely and organically links him with the whole enemy. If this hero can be compared to a big tree with situation in the great struggle. deep roots and luxuriant foliage, then the great Chinese At that time, the elimination of the bandits and People's Liberation Army and the great revolutionary arousing the masses were two interrelated tasks. With- struggle it waged is the fertile soil whtch nurtures him. out doing the second, our army could not keep a foot- In this model revolutionary Peking opera Yang Tzu'jung hoid, and thus could not eliminate the bandits; and is ereated on the basis of the penetrating description of without eliminating the bandits, the masses could not the heroic struggle waged by this people's army. be truly aroused. Taking Tiger Mountain by StrategE Through the heroic image of Yang Tzu-jung, the opera tells how the People's Liberation Army arouses the warmly praises the great people's army; and the pene- masses and relies on them to wage war, which is the trating descri.ption of the people's army in turn effec- red line running through the entire opera. After the tively brings out the proletarian hero Yang f2q'-jung's scene "Drawing Up a Plaq" the special task taken on in'rage in bold relief. singly by Yang Tzu-jung to penetrate the bandits' lair In Scene Four- "Drawing Up a Plan." the crosq- synchronizes the detaehment's task of arousing the examining of Luan Ping and the determining of the masses after it enters Chiapi Valley. The stirring episodi operational strategy make up an important link in the "the army and the people awaiting the signal to attack plot. But u,hat impresses us strongly as the perdorn- these wolves" r,r,hich shows how the detachment arouses ance unfolds is the heroic spirit dispiayed by the liveiy the masses in Chiapi Valley greatly helps us understand and vigorous revolutionary ranks. The far-sightedness the arduous struggle being carried out by Yang Tzu- of the commalrder, the fighters' tnrrning desire to go jrrnel in the bandits'lair and how it affeets the destiny into battle, the brotherly r,elatioaship betlyeen offiers of the broad masses, and thereby fully demonstrates and meR, the spirit of the'rnutual: encouragemeElt b€- the profo'!:d significance of Yang Tzu-jung's actions. twetln comrades-in-arrns, the fuII military democracy These few scenes.showlng. how our army arouses the and the decisive rol.e of Party leadership all this masses to aetion are linked with the thrilling struggle o'A - partieularly warms our hearts. Communist always waged by Yang Tzu-jung in the enemy's lair. Inter- heeds the Party's call, he takes the heaviest burden on related and complemenfing each other, these two himself"; "Well I know that there's danger ahead, but aspects form a complete entity. Those who are active I'm all the more set on driving forward." This aria sung in these scenes - the detacli-ment commander, railway by Yang Tzu-jung with soaring revolutionaly senti- rvorker Li Yung-chi and his mother, Hunter Chang and ment expresses the aspirations of the commanders and his daughter Chang Pao and those fighters eager to fighters of the Chinese People's Liberation Army. The go into battle all appear with their special character- portrayal of this peopie's army greatly helps us under. istics in this magnificent- picture. And it makes hero stand hero Yang Tzu-iung. It is no accideni that he bas Yang Tzu-jung stand out most eor.spicuously. performed remarkable heroie deeds. Li Yung-chi, who has bitter hatred for the enemy Directly c'ommanded by Vice-Chairman Lin and and has never seen the. People's Liberation Army, is following the great leader Chairman Mao's directive quite aware from personal experience of the fact that "Build stable base areas iu the Northeast" the People's in the o1d soclety "soldiers and bandits were of the sarne Liberation Army in norlheast China, in the initial stage brood." Therefore, when his kin the Liberation Army of the Liberation War, sent part of its fcrces deep into men suddenly appear, he first mistakenly takes a hostile the rural areas to arouse the masses, eiiminate the attitude towards thern. But when his sick mother is bandits, consolidate the rear and co-ordinate n'ith cured ancl. saved by the fighters who are filled with pro* the field army in smashing the attacks launched letarian feelings, he begins to cha.nge from being vigi- by the U.S.-Chiang reactiona-ries. Talting Tiger Iant against thern to kreing suspicious of them and from Mountai,n bg Strategg which telis the story of that to takiitg a great interest in them. As soon as he how a detachment of our army chases the bandits into learns that our army is the people's army '"vhich has the mountain forests and wipes out the die-hard baridlt "come to deslroy the reactionaries and change the Vulture, is an epitome of this gpeat struggle. Acting oq wol'ld," he, with mixed feetngs, regards the Liberation Comrade Chiang Ching's instruction, ilne Taking, Ti.ger ArmSr men as his own kith and kin and voices his strpng

,lanuarE 16, 1970 1g desire to follow the Communist Party unswervingly and at 'the samb time it exposes rvith intense proletarian throw himself ints the Liberation War. He says: "What- class hatred the essence of the class enemy - cruelty, ever the sacrifice and danger, be it fire or water, when trickery, foolishness and decadence. This sharp con- Tiger Mountain is being swept clean and free, I, Yung- trast leaves an indelible impression' of the image'of the chi, in the fron-t ranks will be." Little Chang Pao, whose proietarian hero Yang Tzu-jung on the audience. grar-rdmother was killed by Vulture and her bel,oved Negative characters in an opera or play are neccs- mother driven to death by him, had for eight years been sary because without them there would be no antithesis looking at the stars and the moon in the dark sky, long- and the positive characters could not stand out prom- ing for the sun to rise from behind the mountains. When inently. But should the main emphasis be on portray- the detachment comes into Chiapi Valley to arouse the ing the creatofs and masters of world history or should masses, this little hunter, who had disguised herself as most of the space be given to describing and playing up turns into a lively and brave militia gir'l' On the a boy, the reactionary demeanour of the enemy? Place our eve of attacking Tiger Mountain to rvipe out Vulture, heroic characters in the centre or let the negative she,.rifle in hand, eagerly asks to battle, saying: 9o:into characters play the main role? This is a matter of class resolve is to fight on the battlefield, for I've pledg- "My stand, a matter of u'hether one sides with the positive i ed to kill them all." While it portrays Yang Tzu-jung's characters or the negative characters. In accordance heroic image. the opera fully: demonstrates the people's \['ith Chairman Mao's teaching, we "too, . . portray role and their place in people's war, thereby' enabiing I negative characters, but this only serves as a contrast us to envisage a magnificent scene of hundreds of mil- to briBg out the brightness of the whole picture"; the I Iions of oppressed people up in arms under the brilliant Tokiag Tiger hlountain by Strategy Group first of all I guidance of Mao Tsetung Thought. The emancipated stressed the proletarian heroes and the revolu- people form a revolutionar)' torrent, with numerous Clving tionary- masses a prominent place and delineating their heroes coirring to the fore and Yang Tzu-jung is their I heroic to vanquish all enemies rnost outstanding and mature example. mettle "determined and never to yield-" As to negative characters like Vul- I The portrayal of Yang Tzu-jung, a proletarian hero ture who will be tossed on to the garbage heap of history, in this model revolutionary Peking opera, is inseparably the opera exposes with hatred and contempt their paper- great era they are outwardly strong but inwardly I linked with the penetrating deseription of the tiger nature: putting death-bed struggle' I in rnhich he is brought up. It is a new era r,vith Mao weak and are only up a t Tsetung Thought as its great banner. The brillianf sun- Viewed solely from the development of the plot, shine of Mao Tsetung Thought lights up these heroes, the scene the Mountain" is only a simple episode Chairman Mao's revolutionary line guides them forward "Up in which Yang Tzu-jung replies to the bandits' question- t and the great storm of people's lvar steels them. It is a ing and is Ied up the Tiger Mountain. But ho.w brilliant- great 'which has no parallel in history. Only such era iy and powerfully this model revolutionary Peking an era can raise such great heroes as Yang Tzu-jung. I opera hqndles this scene! Carrying the hopes of the Taking Tiger Mountain bg Strategg created under people, Yang Tzu-jung gallops into a snowy forest and the personal guidance of our respected and beloved expresses a revolutionary fighter's lofty aspiration to I Comrade Chiang Ching has, by its profound ideological the surrounding mountains: "Let the red flag fly ail content and its high artistic attainment, established the over the world, be there seas of fire and a forest of heroic image whidl reflects the great struggle in this knives, I'Il chargc ahead. How I rvish I could order the t great era and opened up vast new vistas for the devel- snow to melt, and welcome in spring to change the t opme of proletarian Iiterature and art. rvorld of men." His aria as well as his accompanying i acrobatic. dance fully convey the hero's lofty spirit be- , Cleor-Cut Principte of Proletorion Porty Spirit fore battle to the audience. "Killing the tiger" which I follows immediately further highlights Yang Tzu-jung's Chairman Mao teaches us: "In the world today all dauntlessness, auguring well for his penetration into I culture, all literature and art belong to definite classes When the bandits enter into the I the bandits' lair. and are geated to definite political lines. There is in scene, the expression of fright on their faces at the I fact no such thing as art for art's sake, art that stands dead tiger and their silly and disgusting manner in above classes, art that is detached from or independent questioning Yang Tzu-jung stand in sharp contrast I of polities." The Summary oJ the Forum on the Work with the courage Yang shows even after liilling the ll in Literature anil Art in the Armed Forces With Whieh tiger. Comraile Lin Piao Entrusteil Comrade Chia,ng Ching we look at a also points out: "Ours is the literature and art of the Chairman Mao teaches us: "IVhen essence and treat its ap- I proletariat, the literature and art of the Party. The thing, we must examine its at the thresho!d."-. principle of proletarian Party spirit is the outstanding pearance merely as an usher ,_To unite and educate the people and to encourage the fight- ll feature distinguishing us from other classes." il il ing will of the revolutionary people, proletarian litera- U must I Taking Tiger Mountain bg Strategy eulogizes the ture and art, the literature and art of the Party, proletarian hero Yang Tzu-jung by its clear-cut pro- take Marxism-Leninism-Mao Tsetung Thought as its prirbe ap- I Ietarian stand and with profound proletarian feeling; guide to obseive and assess life, and through

H 20 Peking Reoi,ew, No. 3 il il il.t pearance to reveal the essence of things which is not of characters from two antagonistic classes. and embodies irnmediately visible to people. The scenes in which the hope and demand of the proletariat. Yang Tzu-jung fights the enemy face to face enable us to be strongly aware of the clear-cut principle of the In creating this model revolutionary opera, every proletarian Party spirit that went into creating this idea and every design is based strictly on actual life. model revolutionary opera and the creative method of But what it reflects is not just ordinary daily life. "Life combining revolutionary realism with revolutionary ro- as reflected'in works of literature dnd art can and ought manticism developed to the fullest extent, to be on a higher plane, more intense, more concentrat- ed, more typical, nearer the ideal, and therefore more In the scene "Into the Bandits' Lair," the bandits universal than actual everyday life." In accordance are many againsf a solitary Yang Tzu-jung who comes with Chairman Mao's rel'olutionary line in literature to "take shelter" as a bandit called Hu Piao. The enemy and art, the Taking Tiger Mountain bE StrategE Group appears "strong" and Yang is "alone." Yet the essence uses the creative method ot combining revolutionary behind this phenomenon is: Vulture and his gang, who realism with revolutionary romanticism to create the are absorbed in their lust for gain, are o.,iy u swarm of brilliant image of the proletarian hero Yang Tzu-jung. flies dashing themselves against the wall of a blind altey, By its entirely new protagonist, its entirely new theme while Yang Tzu-jung is a revolutionary proletarian and subject matter, and also its entirely ne',^/ method of fighter armed with Mao Tsetung Thought who has be- creation, the opera has shown itself to be totally dif- hind him the support of the broad masses. To describe ferent from the literature and art of all the exploiting a superficial phenomenon from a bourgeois viewpoint classes. or to bring to-light the essence of the struggle from the The model revolutionary opera Taking Tiger Moun,- proletarian viewpoint - these are two diametrically tain by Strategy has establishcd an outstanding example opposed lines in creation of literature and art. In trying for us in the portrayal of the heroic images of the proie- to undermine 'this model revolutionary opera, the tariat and in carrying on the struggle-criticism-transfor- counter-revolutionary revisionists did their best to ex- mation on the literary and art front. It is an important aggerate Vufture's "anrogance" and emphasize Yang landmark which indicates the entering of a new stage Tzu-jung's "bandit-like airs." Their attempt suffered a by the revolution in China's literature and art. The bril- shameful defeat. In describing the superficial phenom- liant image of the hero Yang Tzu-jung is certain to en- enon of the "offering of the Contacts Map'' by Yang courage us in our great earth-shaking struggle against Tzu-jung disguised as bandit Elu Piao, the opera never imperialism and modern revisionism. A powerful spiri- fails to tell the audience that Yang is a proletarian hero, tual force is sure to turn into a po*'erful material force. and to let them know that the-enemy is weak, little and "To find men truly great and noble-heatted nothing at ail. The excellent characterization deeply. " reflects the essence of things, reveals the mental outlook ri..We must look here in'the present.f!

(Continued. from p. 76.) the people and using people's rvar. Today we still rely on this unity and use the magic weapon of people's ideas books), and vigorously promoting the in "three- war in dealing with aggression by U.S. imperialism and (i.e.. phrases meaning eight" working style the three social-imperialism. While carrying out the work of firm' and correct political orientation, an industrious "a "three supports and two militaries," the commanders and simple style of work, and flexible strategy and and fi[hters, together with the revolutionary masses, 'tactics," and the eight characters meaning united, "Be have denounced the crimes of aggression by'U.S. im- alert, earnest and lively"). Thus revolutionary political periali,srn and social-imperialism, recognized the reac- power fundamentally consolidated, and the has be€n tionary natuie'of U.S. imperialism and social-imperial- proletariat consolidated and dictatorship o{ the ism, increased their deep hatred .for the enemy, and strengthened. This is an important development by promoted the. task of putting militia rvork on a solid Mao the Marxist-Leninist theory on the Chairman of basis, orgaqizationally, politically and militarily. If of political building Power. imperialism, revisionism and all reaction should dare In taking part in.the work of "three supports and to impose a war of aggression on us, then every -factory, two militaries," the cadres and fighters have forged d commune, school and every."basic unit in our great profound friendship with the revolutionary. masses in motherland will be turned into a strong fortress and their common struggles, thereby further strengthening everyone will be a brave fighter. The whole country the unity between the army and the people. During will be turned into a mighty bastion, all 700 million the pcriod of 1.he dcmocratic revolution, we defeated the Chinese people will be soldiers, and every inch of our Japanese invaders,. wiped , out eight ' million Chiang motherland will become an impregnable iion wall, arrd Kai-shek bandit.troops and were-victorious .in' the rev-- the enerny will be drowned in the ocean'- of people's olution by-relying-on the unity between the army and war.

Januarg 16, 1970 2L People of the whole world, unite still more closely and launch I 'a sustained and vigorous offensive against our comrnon enemy, il U.S. irnperlalism, and against its aecomplices! ll I MAO TSETT'NG l'

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I

Upsurge of U.S. Revolution sry Moss Movement in I960s

HE 1960s rvas a decade of fieroe struggie behreen and "reformism" and rapidly embarked on the road T the American people and the U-S. reactionary rul- of using revolutionary violence to oppose counter- ing circles and a decade of vigorous development of revoluiionary violence. This was an important indication the U.S. revolutionary mass movement. of their nerv awakening in the 1960s. The development of the Afro-American violent struggle against re- During ten years, successive large-scale rnass these pression was particularly swift and vigorous. Since struggles broke out in the United States, whieh were our great leader Chairman Mao issued his "Statement momentum, rnagnitude and develop- unprecedented in Supporting the Afro-Americans in Their Just Strug- ment in U.S. history. Rising wave upon wave on a big- gle Against Racial Discrimination by U.S. Impelialism" ger and bigger scaie and occurring successively and in in 1963, the Afro-Americans have becor,ne further co-ordination, the Afro-"4.merican struggle against awakened. Time and again they launched heroic .violent repression, the workers' movement, the student struggles against racial discrimination. In August movement and the struggle by different strata of the 1965, the Afro-Americans in the Watts District of Los American peopie against \,vars of aggression harre Angeles rose in struggle against unjustified arrests of sent the reactionary U.S. ruling circles reeling and young Afro-Americans by the reactionary police. DeIy- left them at a loss as to w-hat to do. ing brute force, they seized guns to fight back at some Starting with the 1964 struggle in Harlem, New 20,000 armed police in a battle lasting about ten days York City, the Afro-American violent struggle against and nights. In late July 1967, Afro-Americans in De- repression roared on year after year like a hurricane. troit launched a massive struggle against violent re- By 1968, it had spread to more than 300 large pression. Thousands upon thousands of them took up and smal1 U-S. cities. The Black people's struggle arms to courageously fight nearly 20,000 policemen sounded a new clarion call for the expioited and op- and troops called out by the reactionary authorities pressed American people to oppose the cruel rule of and set fire to more than 1,300 places throughout the monopoly capital" With the widening of the war, of ag- city, paralysing all of Detroit. In April 1968, the gression in Viet Nam by U.S. imperialism, the Ameri- Afro-American violent struggle against repression can people's mass movement against the rvar also rap- swept well over 100 cities in a week, throwing idly gained momenturn. Two mammoth nationwide many major U.S. cities into disorder. In Washington, demonstrations against the war of aggression in Viet the nerve centre of U.S. imperialism, the valiant Afro- Nam, each with more than a million people partici- Americans also rebelled against U.S- monopoly capi- pating, 1969. IJ broke out in October and November talist class reactionary rule. Many show-windows of progressive i! Meanwhile, the U.S. student movement stores owned by white exploiters were smashed and followed suit, sweeping the main universities and fires broke out in some 100 to 200 places.'The Afro- m"rry high schools throughout the United States. American masses' flames of relenge even spread to Strikes, demonstratioos, occupation of schocl buildings the vicinity of the heavily guarded White House and and other forms of struggle occurred everywhere. It the Capito}. The struggle dealt a severe blow to U.S. was reported that student moyement broke out in 524 reactionary rule at home and its policy of aggression U.S. colleges and universities in -the 1969 academic abroad. Forner U.S. imperialist chieftain Johnson year. In addition, the American ,y,rorkers' strike strug- was so shaken up that hc spent several sleepless nights gle also steadily mounted- and was compelled to postpone his trip to Honolulrt In their struggle, the American people gradually to attend a meeting eoncerning the aggression in Viet freed themselves from the fetters .of "non-viclence" Nam. The U.S. Department of Delence was alsg forced

,, Peki,ng Reoiero, No. 3 to announce a temporary suspension in its plan to send only more fully expose the vulnerabiliti- of reaction- reinforcements to south Viet Nam. ary U.S. ruling circles and their desperate struggle. Influenced by the Afro-American violerit struggle Marxism-Leninism-Mao Tsetung Thought qyss dis- against repression, the student movement . and the seminated more and rnore widely among the American rvorkers' movement in the United States became people in the 1960s. Some advanced people in the more and more militant In April 1969, gun-earrying Afro-Arnerican struggle began applyrng Marxism- Afro-American students at Cornell University in New Leninism-1\,{ao Tsetung Thought to repudiate the York State and Voorhees College in South Carolina, "Black capitalism" advocated by the new U.S. im- supported by large numbers of white students, occupied periali.st chieftain Nixon. They pointed out that what school buildings. Students set fire to "ROTC" ("Re- the Black people really have to do is to smash Capi- serve Officers Training Corps") buildings in some talist rule and end the system of exploitation of man schools. In their struggle, striking workers again and by man. The idea of the merging of the Afro-Ameri- again fought fiercely against fascist police and scab can movement with the workers' movement was being union bosses. accepted by advanced Black and white workers. During the big strike' at the Newport News Ship- More and more, the spearhead of the American building and Drydock Company in July 1967 in which revolutionary mass movement was pointed specifically Afro-American rvorkers took the lead, 20,000 Black at the U.S. social system and the domestic and foreign and white workers fiercely fought shoulder to shoul- policies of the reactionary U.S. ruling circles. This der against fascist police. The number of times Black was another striking sign of the American people's and white Americans fight shoulder to shoulder in com- new awakening. A series of faets in recent years have mon str-uggle is increasing daily. Meanwhile, more and enabled advanced Afro-Americans, Arnerican workers more advanced youth have accepted the idea that and students gradually realize that U.S. aggression educated young people must integrate with the masses abroad and ruthless oppression and exploitation of the of workers and farm workers. They have actively people at home stem from the saine root cause, and joined the American workers' movement and tried that only by destroling the imperialist s,l,slgrn can they to apply Marxism-Leninism-Mao Tsetung Thought in win complete emancipation. Consequently, they have their struggle. begun to combine the slruggie for ttreir orvn eman- cipation w"ith the struggle against U.S. imperielism's The vigorous upsurge of the American people's rcactionary policy and social system. In their struggle, rncvement in the 1960s was the inevitable result of Afro-Americans raised such slogans as "Black power," more ruthless erpioitation and oppression at home by "Afro-Americans should fight white racists, not Viei- the reactionary U.S- ruling eirdes, the latter's irten- namese freedom-fighters" and "Our battlefield is sifi-cation of wars of aggression, and the sharpening Becawe here." American students also advanced such slogans of elass contradictions in the Ul;tea Shtes. the frarrtic U.S. ruling cir- as "Power to the people," "Revolution by the yollng," of squeezing by reactionary cles, the American people's burden will have and "Organize and smash the state." In November tax reaehed an average of 1,500 dollars per capita in fiscal 1968, thousands upon thousands of American stuCents 1970, rnore than double the figure ten years ago. U.S. demonstrated in Washington, New York, Chicago. San commodity prices have increased by over 30 per cent Francisco U.S. cities, and other calling on the Ameri- compared with ten years ago. Real wages of the Ameri- can people to boycott the "presidential election" farce can working people dropped steadily, while the num- staged by the reactionary U.S. ruiing circles. In Januar;r ber of the unemployed has increased steadily. The high 1969, when new U.S. imperialist chieftain Nixon was rate of unemployment among Afro-Americans is even about to take office, some 10,000 people went into the more shocking. In the lVatts District of Los Angeles, streets of Washington for a massive demonstration. the unemployment rate among Afro-American youth They carried placards reading: "Nixon's the one - reached 42.9 per cent. This aroused strong dissatisfac- No. 1 war criminal" atrd "Billi6paires ruLe-Niwon's tion and resistance on the part of the American peo- their tool" Beside himself with fear, Nixon had to p1e. Confronted with a bigger wave of the approaching take refuge behind a bullet-proof "glass cage" to deliver revolutionary mass movement, the fear-stricken U.S. his "inaugural address." This was unprecedented in imperialist chieftain Nixon has to admit that there is U.S. history. "a harvest of dissatisfaction, frustration, and bitter and the American peo- In the face of the rapidly mounting American peo- division" in the United States p1e o'Iess and less believe in government." He added ple's movement, reactionary U.S. ruling eircles have that U.S. imperialism is in a troubled and pro- stepped up the use of their counter-revolutionary dual "deeply foundly unsettled time" and expressed his fear by tactics in a vain attempt to extinguish the flame of the that the U.S. imperialists will be unable "to revolutionary mass movement. However, neither polit- saying control our o\trn destinY." ical deeeption nor violent suppression can prevent the American revolutionary mass movement from rolling As early as 1946 our great leader Chairman Mao ahead. Kennedy's "civil rights plair," Johnson's "war pointed out that "it will bo proved that the U.S. reac- on poverty" and Nixon's "new humanism" all these tionaries, tike all the reacti,onades ia history' do not lies have been discredited. Fascist suppression- car have mueh str€ngth, In thc Unitcd States there aro

J.anuary 16, 1970 ?3 others who are really strong : the American_ people." at the saine time, it has -won lto'arm sympathy and firm The upsurge. of the American revolutionary mass support from revolutionary people aII over the globe. movement in the 1960s has vividly borne out Chair- Undoubtedty, the American people will launch a mcre man Mao's brilliant thesis. The American revolu- po-,veriul revolutionary mtlss movement and will merge tionary mass movement is part of the world revolu- with the anti-U.S. struggle of the n'orld's pecple to ticn of our era. It. supports and encourages the strug- form a mighty torrent that wilt cornpleteiy submerge gle of the world's people against U.S. imperialism and, monstrous U.S. imperialism.

Potriotic Anti-U.S. StrugEle of the Jspanese People Surges Forward

on October 21, TIURING 1969 the heroic Japanese people waged a Shinjuku state-olvned railway station lJ sustained, courageous struggle against the policies fighting side by side u,ith the students to deal telling of aggression and war pursued by the U.S. and Japanese blow's at the reactionary police. All this shows that reactionaries in Asia. While dealing hammer blows at Japan's young rvorkers have become a powerful detach- the enemy, they further tempered themselves in the ment playing a vanguard rol.e in the people's struggle struggle. against U.S. imperialism. The tempestuous waves of this just patriotic strug- With worker and student support, the peasants' gle against U.S. imperiaiism have swept through the struggle against the expansion of military bases by Japanese islands from Hokkaido in the north to OLinawa the U.S. and Japanese reactionaries to push their pclicy in the south. At the beginning of 1969, the progressive of war in Asia has made great strides forward, winning students of Tokyo University put up a valiant fight preliminary victories. The struggle of the peasants of against some 10,000 fascistic policemen sent by the Sanrizuka, Chiba Prefecture, which has been going on Sato reactionary government to suppress them. It was for more than three years, to oppose the building of the prelude to the vigorous anti-U.S. struggle of the the "New Tokyo International Airport" by the reac- Japanese peqple in 1969. The mammoth demonstra- tionary Sato government has effectively frustrated the tions in November against the new conspiracy of ag- plan of the U.S. and Japanese reactionaries. The peas- gression in Asia hatched by Eisaku Sato and U.S. ants oi Naganuma, Hokkaido, are carrying on their imperialist chieftain Nixon pushed the Japanese people's struggle against the construction of missile bases by struggle a new high. anti-U.S. to the "Defence Agency" of the reactionary Sato govern- Last year saw the '"vorkers' struggle against the ment. Last year, after waging an arduous struggle for U.S. and Japanese reactionaries' ruthless exploitation, 14 years, the peasants of Sunagawa, Tokyo-to, finally the peasants' struggle against the occupation of their forced th-^ U.S. army to give up its plan to expand the land for expanding military bases and the university Tachikawa air base. Risking their lives, the peasants and middle school students' struggle against the reac- of Kitafuji, Yamanashi Prefecture, planted themselves tionary decadent bourgeois educational system eonverg- on the U.S. exercise ground to prevent the U.S. troops mighty ing into a anti-U.S. torrent, with the pariicipants from holciing military manoeuvres. The peasants and supporting each other and one struggle up rvith linking fishermen of NIito in Ibaragi Prefecture and Niijima another. in Tokyo put up a strong fight to prevent the U.S. army The working class has enhanced its class conscious- from setling up bcmbing ranges in their midst. More ness and temperecl its ranks in the course of struggie. than 1,000 citizens, mostly women, in Yamato city, This is particularly true of the yo:-rng rvorkers. On Kanagalva Prefecture, held a sit-down demonstration October 10, more than 10,000 yollng workers held a on the runway of the Atsugi U.S. air base for three rally in Hibiya Park in Tokyo and solemnly proclaimed: straight days last August to demand the dismantling "We, workers, should stand forefront in the of the of the U.S. air base. struggle to smash the Japan-U.S. 'security treaty., We are determined to fulfil the historic mission of the Advancing wave upon wave, the students of Japan ploletariat." ' Young workers took their place in the showed great courage in waging struggles during 1969. front ranks of ' marching columns in a series of anti- The struggle against the reactionary'debadeht bourgeois U.S. stfuggles; ineluding thC demonstration at the educational system started in Tokyo University and

24 Peking Reuieu, No. 3 Nihon Urriversity develqped into a struggle against the tyranny of the U.S. and Japanese. reactionaries and the decaying capitalist system. Stu- dent strikes swept nearly alt the uni- versities and colleges in Japan, with close to 100 universities and school buildings coming under student oc- cupation. Academic life at many universities came to a standstill be- cause the students fought tenaciously. ln Tokyo, Osaka, Kyoto and other cities, university students fought the poiice of the reactionary Sato govern- ment rvith stones and incendiary bottles. Large numbers of students made common cause with the work- ers and peasants in the struggle against the U.S. and Japanese reac- tionaries by taking to the streets to Angry demonstrators in Tokyo shout anti-U.S. slogans. join forces rvith the workers or going to the countryside to fight alongside the peasants. Inspired by the university students' This mounting patriotic anti-U.S. struggle has struggle, senior middle sehocl students have aiso risen thrown the U.S. and Japanese reactionaries into a panic. to fight. The reactionary Sato government has frenziedly taken In the high tide of the Japanese people's just pa- fascist measures in its attempt to stamp out the flames triotic struggle against U.S. imperialism, the peopie of of the Japanese peopic's anti-U.S. struggle. However, Okinawa who find themselves under dAect U-S. impe- the atrocities of the Japanese reactionarles can only rialist rule have displayed dauntlss rnili[61qr. Defiing arouse greater resistance from the people. U.S. bayonets, on many occasions they encircled and ij: In waging their'patriotic anti-U.S. struggle in 1969, 4ttacked the U.S. military bases, greatly heightening the people of Japan have quickly raised political the morale of the people and deflating the arrogance thet grown polverful of the enemy. Co-ordinating with the people's struggle consciousness and steadily more through in Japan proper, the people of Okinawa have held repeated tests of strength with the U.S. and Japanese powerful rallies and demonstrations since February last reaciionaries. The number of revoluiionary people year to articulate thi:ir strong demand that Okinawa stuclying Marxism-Leninism-Nlao Tsetung Thought is be restored to Japan. Their struggle has dealt a heavy inereasing in Japan, and they are giving attention to blow to the "reversion of Okinawa" hoax dished up appiication in practical struggle. The ranks of the by the U.S. and Japanese reactionaries. Japanese revolutionary Left are swelling.

Po[estiniqn People's Armed Struggle Forges Aheed Yictoriously

THE Palestinian people's armed struggle against people's struggie against the U.S.-I"qraeli aggres- r U.S. imperialism and its lackey, the Israeli aggressor, SOTS. is forging ahead victoriously. The Palestinian people's armed forces have fought many hard battles and won Splendid Victosies enormous victories in the past year. They are hitting In the past year the Palestinian people's guerrilla the Israeli aggressor and its U.S. masters with hehvier forces were active over a much '*'ider area. The blou's and givihg powerful encouragement.to the-,{.rab flameS of armed struggle in Israeli-occupied territory

January 16, 197.0 25 raged iroin Syria's Golan ttdigtrts in the norttr to"the pf" fr""9...ume to a deeper understanding of Chair- great power oiit port of Eilat on .the Aqaba Gulf in the south, and man Mao's truth that "political Btow$ from the Beisan Valley on the west bank of .the Jordan of the barel of a gun." The broad masses".of Fales- River and the mountainous parts of Nablus in the tinian workers, peasants and youth and students and west to Jerusalem and other cities. Even the territory those of other Arab countries, running the blockade and under Israeli rule and Tel Aviv, the nerve centre of the overcoming numerous difficulties, travel long distances Israeli regime, were subjected to guerrilla attacks. to get to the Palestinian guerrilla training camps and actively join the guerrilla forces. Thus. the Palestinian Three times in one year the U.S. Trans-Arabian people's revolutionaly armed forces are growing in Pipe Line Company, which battens on the blood and strength from day to day. sweat of the Arab people, had its pipelines blown up Commanders and fighters in many Palestinian by the guerillas, resulting in heavy losses for U.S. guerrilla bases and training camps are often organized monopoly capital. to study Chairman Mao's works to acquire wisdom and li Material published by the Palestinian people's strength for revolutionary struggle. The fighters' l,i armed forces reveals that, from January to November political consciousness has thus been steadily raised and 1969, the guerrillas launched well over 2,000 attacks on they larow what they are fighting for. Whenever a the enemy, .more than twiee the number launched in battle mission comes up, everyone eagerly volunteers 1968. The guerrillas set off 35 attacks in the first ten to fight and is not afraid of sacrilice in carrying out days of January last year, while more than 180 were the mission. Iaunched by them in one week last December. The "The revolutionary war is a war of the masses; it Palestinian guerrillas today operate throughout the can be waged only by mobilizing the rnasses and relying length and breadth of Palestine. As an Fatah Al on thern." The Palestinian guerrillas have struck deep said: "There is no place in Israeli-occupied communique roots among the Palestinian people who are suffering guerrillas." territory beyond the reach of the Palestinian national oppression. They often go among the masses The Israeli "Minister of Defence" groaned: "The to do political propaganda work, help the peasants in Israeli forces have not seen a calm there [Israeli-occupied production and organize the masses for military train- land] since the June war [in 1967]." ing. Although the Israeli aggressors have tightened their fascist suppression and tried by every means to The Palestinian armed forces who are "learning sever the ties between the people and the guerrillas, warfare through warfare" show great combat flexibiiity the people in Israeli-occupied land defy brute force in battles with the Israeli aggressors. They use close and risk their lives to help the guerrillas in every fighting and night fighting tactics to launch fierce surprise attacks on enemy military headquarters, barracks and out- posts. They cut enemy railways and highways, ambush his patrols and patrol cars, blow up his military instal- lations and wipe out large numbers of effectives. According to incomplete statistics, the Palestinian guerrillas last year destroyed over 170 Israeli artillery positions. In February 1969 alone, the "Al Assifa" commandos under Al Fatah completely wiped out 11 Israeli patrols. AII this fully shows the power'of guer- rilla warfare waged by tlie people. til Wor Tempers the People ' War has taught and tempered the it people. By actually taking part in Palestinian tuerlllas o'oss Jerd*n Eivet into enemy- ll armed struggle, the Palestinian peo- oceupied area to attaek fsraeli aggtressors. l1 fr ziJ Peking Reoiew, No. 3 l1 i1 L possible way, .thereby enabling the guerrillas to seize imperialist an{,,so,ciaJ-imperialist trap. Exposure and ev

Jmtuary 16, 7g?0 27 Fighters Armed With Moo Tsetung Thought Are lnvincible m IIE "Voice of Malayan Revolution" radio recently fidence in victory and found more and more ways of I broadcast an article warmly praising the brilliant overcoming their difficulties. On the basis of their victory by a detachment of the Malayan National Lib- heightened political consciousness, the fighters were eration Army in an ambush near Kroh urider eitreme- unafraid of hardship or fatigue and engaged in a vigor- ly difficult conditions. Analysing the causes of the ous military training movement on rubber plantations. victory, the article pointed'out: "There may be thou- 'The article said that the first shot of thd Kroh sands of experiences, but the most important one is to battle was fired at 5:45 p.m. on June 17. Following study and apply Mao Tsetung Thought in a living way." closely behind their commanders, both men and women fighters su'ooped down on the enemy from the hill like ambush by a detachment of the he- The successfui tigers, charging fiercely and striking hard and roic Malayan National Liberation Army took place on quickly silencing an enemy machine-gun. The crafty June 17, 196B. It resulted in an important victory in enemy tried to counter-attack, but, armed with Mao enemy platoon was wiped out near which an entire Thought and bringing their spirit of revolu- Kroh, important military post of the British im- Tsetung an tionar5r heroism and fearlessness of sacrifice into full perialist-Rahman clique in northern Perak State. play, the fighters swiftly dGsed in on the enemy troops Badly The article said: On the eve of the glorious festival and 1rcin1sd their guns straight at th-eir chests. of the 20th anniversary of the l\{alayan People's Na- fuightened, the enemy troops put up their hands and tional Liberation War Against British Imperialism (June surendered. Ttre M.N.L.A. fighters who were wounded back from the 20, 1968), the enemy launctred frenzied attacks on the in the engagement all refused to fall until the Malayan National Liberation Army base arehs' All the frontline. They persisted in the fighting commanders and fighters in the detachment who were battle ended victoriously. doing mass work at the time in the rural areas were The article pointed out that the victory of the Kroh determined to r:epulse the enemy's wild onslaughtr ambush most vividly showed that so long as they give and greet the 20th anniversary with victory in battle. prominence to politics and conscientiously study and apply Mao Tsetung Thought in a living way, armed fighters detachment were re- Most of the in the forces with inferior weapons and equipment can defeat many them women. They had had no regular cruits, of an enemy equipped with modern weapons, and that new and no battle experience. Moreover, military training fighters without battle experience can fight magnifi- their weapons and equipment rvere rather. inadequate. cently. The living study and application of Mao To overcome these difficulties and defeat the Tsetung Thought enables the fighters to display. the enemy, the detachment's command, carrying out the thoroughgoing revolutionary spirit of "fearing neither and instructions from above, took firm hold on the study of hardship nor death" and to fight bravely in battle Chairman Mao's works before the battle so as to arm batter the enemy. the fighters with Mao Tsetung Thought and strengthen The victory of the Kroh ambush was won by rely- their confidence in overcoming difficulties and seizing ing on Mao Tsetung Thought. It not only dealt the victory. The command conscientiously organized the enemy a heavy blow militarily, it also provided ex- fighters to study Chairman Mao's three brilliant works: tremely valuable experience for the Malayan National Serue the Peoyie, In Memorg of Normon Bethune and Liberation Army in its building, training and combat, The Foolish Old Man Who Remot:ed the Mountains,'and the article said. quotations from Chairman Mao on people's war, the General Headquarters of the Malayan National people's army, revolutionary heroism and other subjects The the cornmanders and over and over. Sometimes they held discussions and Liberation Army has called on learn from this detach- foruins and set up wall newspapers to carry the fighters' fighters of the whole army to experience in putting politics in writihgs on what they had Iearnt from their study. All ment and study its with concrete practice and this helped them firmly imbue themSelves with the rev- command, combining theory Thought in a living olutionary heroic spirit of "fearing neither hardship nor studying and applying Mao Tsetung -way. more and more death" and cultivate the lofty quality of serving the Guided bf Mao Tsetung Thought, to the fore wholly and entirely detachments like this one will certainly come .people in the heroic Malayan National Liberation Army and - Through their study, the fighters greatty strength- carry the. armed -struggle forward and win new ened their deterrn-matioh to-fight, irrcreased their con- dncl greater victories, the article concluded.

28 Peking Reuieu, No. 3 Chairman Mao's Works Printed in Large Quantities in Malayan Revolutienary Bases

THE Malayan Communist Party and the National stantly read articles'have been reproduced specially for t Liberation Army under its leadership have trans- distribution among the Liberation Army fighters and Iated. printed and published large quantities of Chair- the masses." man Mao's rvritings after surmounting difficulties publication have peo- brought about by the rigours of battle and have "The departments organized ple to listen in to Radio Peking and jot down quotations Iaunched a mass movement for the living study and from Chairman Mao since 1966. A pocket edition application of Mao Tsetung Thought, said an article July of From Chairman Mao Tsetung was pub- broadcast by the "Voice of Malayan Revolution" radio Quotati,ons lished a{ter 100 quotations were collected." on December 26. ?he a-rt!c-!e said; propagate Mao Tsetung It saici: The army received in April 196? its first "To copy Thought widely, the publication departments of the of Quotations Frorn Chairm.an Mao Tsetung urith a Foreword Comrade Malayan Communist Party and the National Liberation to the Second Ed.ition written by Lin Piao. Tlie comrades overjoyed and immediate- Army under its leadership have in recent years made were threw mission the translation, printing and publication of the brilliant ly themselves into'the intense combat to reproduce published China. works of Chairman Mao, the great teacher of the revo- this copy which was in Despite the fact that the enemy was mounting more lutionary people the world over, their most important and more franti'c attacks at the time and the situation and glorious combat mission. The broad masses of the was most grave, all the comrades throughout the army army and people in the base areas and guerrilla areas overcame every difficuliy to reproduce this treasured have enthusiastically responded to the Communist red book. Party of Malaya's call for active contributions to the publication of Chairman l\l[ao's works." The article continued: The epoch-making docu- ments of the Ninth National Congress of the great Com- "To publish Chairman Mao's works," it continue4 munist Party of China and important documents of "the broad ma&ses of people of various ,nqqo.u4itigs China's Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution have been used every means to overcome all kinds of difficulties reptinted in large quantities in several languages and caused'by the tight enemy blockade, and even risked distributed among ,the f,ighters in the army and the their lives in long and arduous journeys across moun- masses in the countryside. tains to transport the best quality paper, printing ink publication Chairman Mao's w-orks," it and stencils from enemy-occupied areas to the base "Ihe of pointed out, played an.exl,remely important role areas." "has in the building of our Party and the National Liberation The article said: Whenever they encountered Army under its leadership and in promoting the ideolo- hardship in transporting these materials for printing gical revolutionization of the masses. Our whole Party Chairman Mao's works to the base areas, they encour- and army and all the revolutionary mass organizations aged each other by reciting this quotation from in the base areas and guerrilla areas have unfolded a Chairman Mao: "Be resolute, fear no sacrifice and sur- widespread mass movement for the study of Mao mount every difficulty to win victory." When they Tsetung Thought. Study systems for this have been could not continue the trip in daytime, they travelled drawn up by Party organizations and army units." at night. When enemy troops appeared on the high- It said: "The experience of past years has proved ways; they took out-of-the-way paths. When it rained, that thanks to the study of Chairman Mao's works, the they covered the paper u,ith waterproof cloth and spiritual outlook of the broad masses of the Liberation gladly let tn-emselves be soaked. Whenever they unex- Army fighters and people has undergone a tremendous pectedly ran into enemy troops, they did not hesitate change. Everyone has profoundly realized that armed to protect with their own lives the materials needed v',ith Mao Tsetung fhought, one can surmount all dif- for producing Chairman Mao's red treasured books. ficulties and smash the enemy's counter-revolutionary Every army It said: "At present, Volumes I-IV of the Setected 'encirclement and. suppression' operations. people base areas and guerrilla Works of Mao Tsetung heve been printed and published member and the in the areas are determined to carry out their living study and in full. In addition, speclal editions of Chairman Mao's application Mao Tsetung Thought in a still beiter writings according to subjects also have been published, of way, end strive, together with the people of lhe whole for example, Chairman Mao's philosophical lvritings, Chairman Mao's writings on people's war, Chairman Mao's writings on Party and army buiJ.ding, and so on. The article concluded with the slogan: "Long live Moreover, several thousand copies of the 'thr.ee con- invincible Mao Tsetung Thought!"

Januarg 16, 1970 29 tr:' [,

$r l,l ll Jopsr?ese Reactromsntes Heading far Destructiom

by Kung Nung

flS the 1960s drew to an errd, chieftain of the Japa- imperialism. These are the "international responsibilities -L r nese reactionaries Eisaku Sato went to Washington and role" the Japanese reactionaries have long been last November and made a deal with U.S. imperiali.st drcarning of. chieftain Richard Nixon. Under the "Nixon-Sato ioint But the smug calculations of the U.S.-Japanese cornnruhique" issued- after the talks, U.S. imperialism reactionaries are merely wishful thlnking. The "new and Japanese reaction are conspiring to bring about the Asian policy" of U.S. imperialism is sirnply an indiea- of Japan proper under the cloai< oI "Okinawanization" tion of its death-roed str-uggle, a refleetion of its in- return of Gkinawa" to Japan, and strengthen their "the creasing weakness and decline. How can a handiul of collusion new war aggres- military in ergineering a of Japanese reaetionaries save U.S- inperialism from its sion. In the more than orre month since then, Sato has doom and how can they play.their "role1'? '![ flunkey been very activg busily engaged in holding press con- who allows himself to be led by the nose by US. im- ferences, delivering speeches and send-ing cables. Swol- perialism will on\y end up in the same grave as his len with arrogance, he did a trot of militarist clamouring, master." This is certaialy the u,ay they will end up. No wondel the Japanese bourgeois press was apprehen- sive of the grave "consequences" which might arise While talking glibly about the "new relationship" from Sato's most "undisguised" per{ormance, between Japan and the United States, Sato, on the pretext of Security of,Japan," raised a hullabaloo The smallest favour from the master makes the "the which revealed his rabid designs sn Chinds sacred flunkey think highly of himseH. Sato and his Like are territory Taiwan and called for a 'change of attitudsl exactly such kind of flunkeys. nonsense What sort of on the part oI China. Far from intirnidating the Chi- did Sato utter after he was received by his master in nese people, this raving has frightened the jittery Jap- the United States? "New relationshipn'; "neur determi- anese reactionaries themselves. A clear example is the nation," and age" are the rvords he continually "new complaint by the Japanese bourgeois press about Sato's harped words being too "provoking," Uuder the wiug sf U.S. imperialism, the Japanese Mixed feelings of hatred and fear have .overtaken miliiarist forces are getting reaciy to strike again after the U.S. and Japanese reactionaries in the face of the a prolonged accumuiation of strength since World War surging tide of the Japanese people's patriotic struggle II. They have.grown more andr-nore.anxious to expand against U.S. imperialism. To safeguard the interests of their "oVerseas marketsnl a1-rd. evinced an even ^hage the Japanese monopoly capitalist class, Sato, while stronger desire to car$ outt er.flailsion and"qggression yelling for "firmer measures" against the Japanese peo- abroad with U,S. imperialist ticking. This was the plds strug.gle, erigaged in empty talk about his "new background to Sato's visit to Nixon. Again and again, determination"' to *sake furth€r dfarts in building a he boasted that he was laying foundatlon for the new "a free aad abundant (Japanese) soeiety,' thus overtly Japanese-U.S. relations of the lg70s," when Japan and resorting to munter-revelutionary soft and hard tactis. the United States will further their to "co-operation" This reflects-the comruon trick all moribund reaetionary "maintain peace in Asia." elasses fa}l back on- I{owever, the Jepanese people ean What does this 'oners relationrhipn' between Japan neither be cowed nor deceived. The sanguinary rule of and the United States signify? It signifies closer colla- the U.S.-Japanese reactionaries in Japan canr.ot be boration between the U.S.' and Japanese reactionaries covered up by Sato rvith words like "freedom" or in their criminal activities of opposing communism, op- o'abund.ance." There caa be no freedom for the Japa- posing China and opposing the people in a vain attcmpt nese proletariat and the m.asses of the people so long as to utiledstr a !1,-ar of aggression in Asia. Ttre relar- there is "freedom". for the Japanese reactionaries; and tionship between the U.S. and Japanese reactionaries poverty is the inevitable lot of the Japanese proletariat represents a relationship between two bandits, each and other working people so long as there is "abun- working hand iu glove with the other r,vhile each has dance" for the Japanese monopoly capitalist class. This his own axe to grind. "'Ni*on is anxious to set Japanese is a life-and-death class struggle. If Sato proceecls u,tth militarism loose because he is vriinly trying to set trp a his "new,deterrtlnation," he can only w'ind up with new new military ailiance with the United States as the faiiures eulrninating in destruction. On the other hand, behind-the-scenes boss and Japan the backbone to push the Japanese people will camy on their struggle w'ith ahead the "new Asian policy" of using Asians to fight new determination in the 19?0s and the outcorne will Asians. The Japanese reactionariei, on their part, are inevitably be the total collapse of Japanese'reactionary hoping to take the beaten back of Hidehi Tojo and ride rule and the great victory of the Japanese people's roughshod over the Asian people by relying on U.S; patriotic struggle,against U.S. imperialism,

30 Peking Reutew, No. 3 It is especially worth noting that more than once nolhing but synonyms for expansion and aggression in Sato has been building eastles in the air for Japanese 19?0s. Intoxicated with self-aggrandize- reaction in the The present era..is "an ere in whir-h capitalism is ment, he boasted that the 1970s wili be a decade in unquestionably dying and soeialism is unquestionably which the Japanese reactionaries enter a so-called "new prospering." The struggle of the oppressed nations and era in the Pacific," an era for them to "make contribu- peopie all over the world against imperialism and revi- tions" in the Asian and Pacific region. The mouthpieces sionism is like a voleano belching forth roaring flames. of the Japanese monopoly eapitalist class also shouted Sitting on this volcano, U.S- imperialism and social-irn- themsetrves hoarse abaut "Jatrran's defence strengt'h in perialism are- bewailing their approaching doom. By the 19?0s" and flagrantly pre*ched.'te-estahliehiug the d.epentling on'U.S. imperialism and teaming up with national targets lost in World War II" and "enhancing sociai-imperialism in opposing the Asian people and i;he Japan's defence responsibilities," and so forth. Bes':de great socialist China, the Japanese reactionaries are themselves with joy, the Japanese reactionaries forget only heading for their own destruction. It is the heroic where they really tr*d, ', : ,,, Japa.nese people tsrho can realLy-make contrib!.riions and are capable of giving a good account of themselves in Such feverish political bambast by the Japanese Japan in the 1970s. They wili surely deal still heavier reaetionaries not only reveals their vicious srbme! to blows to the U.S.-Japanese reactionary forces that are fan up nationalistic sentiments among the Japanese peo- trampiing on them and will thus write a new glorious ple so as to induce them to serve Japanese militarism, page in the annals of the great struggle of the r,vorld's but also shows their anxiety tr: play an active role as people to completelSr bury imperialisrn, revisionism and gendarme in Asia for U.S- imperialism and to be the all reaction. fugleman in its aggression. What thel' called "making eontributions," the iost national targets" "re-€stablishing COEEECTTON: On Bage 29 sf onr first issue this year, right- anrl "enhancing Japan's defence responsibiiities" are hand column, line 33, for 'l}:odly" read. "boldly."

PEKING REVIE'W...,

Vol. 13, No. 3 Published in English, trtench, Spanish, January 16, 1970 Japanese and. German editions

THE WEEK To Find Men Truly Greot ond Noble-Heorted We Must Look Here in the Present-Hung Cheng 17 Centrol Committee of Communist Pqrty-People of Chino Sends Telegrom of Sympothy to in Yunnon Eorthquoke Areo Upsurge of U.S, Revolutionory Moss Movement in 1960s Chinese Embossy in Soviet Union Lodges Stern Protest With Soviet Foreign Ministry Potriotic Anti-U.S, Struggle of the .loponese People Surges Forword Air Force Commcnder Wu Fo-hsien Receir,es Huong Tien-ming ond Chu Ching-jung Polestinion People's Armed Struggle Forges Aheod ARTICTES AND DOCUMENTS Victoriously 25 Proise for Self-Relionce ond Hord Struggle in Build- Fighters Armed With Moo Tsetung Thought Are ln- ing. o Plont vincible 28 Porty Bronch A Mointqining Close Tles With the Moo's Works Printed Lorge Quontities Mosses 10 Choirmon in in Molayon Revoluticnory Boses 29 "Three Supports ond Two Militories" Moke for the Best Army Building Chong Yuon-ho ond Sun Joponese Reoctionories Heoding for Destruction Hoo-chen - 13 Kung Nung - 30

Publishcd alr.ry Fridoy by PEKINO REVlEtrt/ Pekins (37L Chioo Pon Offic. Registrotlon No. 2-?2. Coble Address Pcllog l9l0 Prlded in the People'g Republic of Chino

Januarg 16,7970 31 New Eooklet ia' E$glish ,c .?. H {r. & I. fr. jr, z China?s Renminhi s )t" + oI fr One of the Few Most Stable Cu,rrencies + a :,, ,, in the World dr fr- qt ,k rt This booklet contains two articles: "Victory for Chairman T and Keeping = Maoii Great Principle of Maintaining Independence "I ,. the Initiative in Our Own Hands and Relying on Our Own Efforts :.: - Hail China, a Sociatst Country Without Internal or External Dsbts" and l'Great Victory for Mao Tsetung Thought on'the Finan- it'Ctina's Renmirrbh-0ne of the -rvith Few'Most Stable Currencies in ttle World." They shorv concrete facts China's tremendous achievements on the financial and monetary front and expose the reality that most of the coun- tries ruled by irnperialism, revisionistn and reaction are heavily in debt, their deficits piling up, their curuencies being devalued and prices skyrocketing. They are confronted with ever grow- ing political and economic crises. Ail this vividly demonstrates the incomparable superiority of the socialist system and the enor- mous vitality of New,China illuminated by Mao Tsetung Thought.

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