Congressional Record-House

3404 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. MARCH 29, favoring an extension of the Chinese-exclusion law-to the Com hood of the Union, in favor of a National park at Valley Forge mittee on Foreign Affairs. to the Committee on Military Affairs. By Mr. STEVENS of Minnesota: Petition of Polish National ~Y Mr.. WARN09K: Petition of .Union No. 43, of Urbana, Association of St. Paul, Minn., favoring House bill16, for the erec Ohio, agamst reduction of duty on cigars-to the Committee on tion of an equestrian statue of the late General Pulaski at Wash Ways and Means. ington, D. C.-to the Committee on the Library. Also, petition of Amos Wilson for increase of pension-to the Also, resolution of Olmsted (Minn.) Good Roads Association, Committee on Invalid Pensions. in favor of liberal appropriations for the Good Roads Bureau-to By Mr. WOODS: Report to accompany House bill13026-to the the Committee on Agriculture. Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. SULZER: Petition of the Iroquois Club, of San Fran By Mr. WRI~HT: Petition of Swats Post, No. 72, Grand Army cisco, Cal., favoring the construction of war vessels in the United of the Republic, of New Albany, Pa., favoring an investigation State navy-yards-to the Committee on Naval Affairs. of the administration of the Commissioner of Pensions-to the By Mr. TAYLER of Ohio: Sundry petitions of American Fed Committee on Rules. , eration of Labor in the State of Ohio, favoring the construction By Mr. YOUNG: Petition of W. Polhlmann, in relation to the of war vessels at the Government navy-yards-to the Committee pure-food bill-to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Com on Naval Affairs. merce. Also, sundry petitions of citizens of the State of Ohio, favoring an amendment to the Constitution making polygamy a crime to the Committee on the Judiciary. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. Also, remonstrance of the Burford Brothers' Pottery Company, SATURDAY, March 29, 1902. East Liverpool, Ohio, against any change in the present tariff law-to the Committee on Ways and Mean. The House met at 12 o'clock m. Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. Also, resolutions of the Commercial Club of Omaha, Nebr., in HENRY N. COUDEN, D. D. relation to the irrigation of arid lands-to the Committee on Irri The Journal of yesterday's proceedings was read and approved. gation of Arid Lands. MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES. Also, petition of Ohio State Grange, Patrons of Husbandry, of A message from the President of the United States was com Tippecanoe City, Ohio, favoring the election of United States municated to the House by Mr. PRUDEN, one of his secretaries. Senators by direct vote of the people-to the Committee on Election of Pre ident, Vice-President, and Representatives in CHINESE-EXCLUSION BILL. Congress. Mr. IDTT. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that House Also, petition of Indiana Yearly Meeting of Friends, Richmond, bill13031, known as the Chinese-exclusion bill, be taken up as a Ind. , and J. F. Hill, Hot Springs, Ark., favoring the pa sage of continuing order at the conclusion of the consideration of the bill Gillett-Lodge bill-to the Committee on Alcoholic Liquor Traffic. that is by order now pending in the House-the Revenue-Cutter Also, petition of Canton Lodge, No. 407, Association of Ma Service bill-this not to interfere with appropriation bills or con chinists, asking that the desert-land laws be repealed-to the Com ference reports. mittee on the Public Lands. Th~ SPEAKER. The gentlema~ from illino~s [Mr. HITT] asks Also, petition of Typographical Union No. 6, of New York, unammous consent that House bill 1303J, bemg the Chinese favoring increase of compensation to letter carriers-to the Com exclusion bill, be made the continuing order after the disposition of mittee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. the Revenue-Cutter Service bill until disposed of, not to interfere Also, petitions of sundry citizens of the State of Ohio, for the with bills affecting the revenue and appropriation bills. reclas ification of railway clerks-to the Committee on the Post Mr. SHERMAN. Under the same provisions as now apply to Office and Post-R.oads. the Revenue-Cutter Service bill? Also, petitions of sundry labor organizations in the State of The SPEAKER. Under the same conditions exactly as apply Ohio, for .the exclusion of Chinese laborers-to the Committee on to the present continuing order. Is there objection to the re- Foreign Affairs. · quest? . Also, petitions of various labor societies in the State of Ohio, Mr. RICHARDSON of Tennessee. I should like to know favoring an educational qualification for immigrants-to the Com whether this comes as a unanimous request from the Committee mittee on Immigration and Naturalization. on Foreign Affairs. Also, petitions of citizens of the Eighteenth Congressional dis Mr. IDTT. The bill itself is one to which we have all substan trict of Ohio, favoring a bill to increase the compensation of rural tially agreed, and perhaps the gentleman from Tennessee is aware mail service-to the Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. that this is a measure of peculiar urgency, as it is to take the Also, letter of Charles S. Howe, Cleveland, Ohio, favoring the place of legislation speedily to expire. We have all agreed to reorganization of the Naval Observatory-to the Committee on have the measure taken up as soon as possible, and we think it Naval Affairs. will take only a brief time. Also remonstrance of citizens of Ohio, against changing the Mr. RICHARDSON of Tennesseee. I understand that all the pre ent law respecting second-class mail matter-to the Commit members of the committee may be in favor of the mea.sw·e; but tee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. whether the minority members would favor making it a special Also, petition of John A. Bliss, Canton, Ohio, in favor of the order or not is another question. suppression of anarchy-to the Committee on the Judiciary. Mr. CLARK. Mr. Speaker, I do not know that I can speak for Also, resolution of East Liverpool Retail Grocers' Association, all the members of the minority; but it is absolutely necessary in favor of the pure-food bill-to the Committee on Interstate and that this bill be taken up an~ disposed of at an early date, be Foreign Commerce. cause, as the chairman has stated, the old law will expire by limi Also, petition of the National Guard Association of Ohio, for tation on the 5th of May next.· I am going to file a minority re the pa sage of Honse bill11654-to the Committee on Militia. port, with the consent of the House. By Mr. TOMPKINS of New York: Petition of citizens of Orange The SPEAKER. Is there objection? The Chair hears none: County, N.Y.. for increase of pay of letter carriers-to the Com and it is so ordered. mittee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. G:EJ.~. NELSON A. MILES. By Mr. W A.DSWORTH: Resolution of Polish-American citi The SPEAKER laid before the House the following message from zens of Niagara Falls, N.Y., favoring the erection of a statue to the President of the United States; which was read, and with the late Brigadier-General Count Pulaski at Washington-to the the accompanying papers, referred to the Committee on Insular Committee on the Library. Affairs, and ordered to be printed: · Also petition of the Union-Sun Company, of Lockport, N.Y., To the House of Representatives: favoring passage of bill placing wood pulp on the free list-to the In response to the following r esolution of the House of Representatives of March 28, 1902, " Resolved, That the President of the United States be, and Committee on Ways and Means. he is hereby, respectfully requested, if not incompatible with the public Also, petition of J. B. Gilmore and 28 other citizens of New interest, to transmit to the House copies of all correspondence r elatmg to, and papers bearing on, the matter of the reported request of Lieut . Gen. York and vicinity, asking amendments or radical modification of Nelson A. Miles United States Army, to be assigned todutyin the Philippine the Chinese-exclusion law-to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. Archipelago and to be allowed to put into effect there a plan outlined by By Mr. WANGER: Petition of GeneralS. K. Zook Circle, No. him to bring about a cessation of hostilities," I transmit herewith copies ot all the papers upon which final action in the matter was taken. 143, Ladies of Grand Army of the Republic, Norristown, Pa., Since such final action and sinc-e the introduction of said resolution, a favoring House bill No. 3067, relatfug to pensions-to the Com further memorandum has been added to the papers by Lieutenant-General mittee on Invalid Pensions. Miles, and I transmit also a copy thereof, together with the action thereon. Also, petitions of Branch No. 543, Pottstown, Pa., Polish THEODORE ROOSEVELT. National Alliance, favoring the erection of a statue to the late WHITE HouSE, March ~9. 11JOB. Brigadier-General Count Pula-ski at Washington-to the Com CHANGE OF REFERENCE. mittee on the Library. By unanimous consent, the Committee on War Claims was dis .Also, resolutions of Hagersville (Pa.) Circle, No. 37, Brother- charged from the further consideration of the bill (8. 475) to 1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE. 3405 , refer the claim of Joseph W. Parish to the Secretary of the Mr. SHERMAN. Mr. Chairman, I think the first reading of Treasury for examination and payment of any balance found the bill was dispensed with the other day. The bill contains 10 due; and the same was referred to the Committee on Claims. sections and it does substantially this, and this only: It increases SF..NATE AMENDMENTS CONCURRED IN. the rank and the pay of revenue-cutter officers, it regulat-es their relation of command with that of naval officers when the two The SPEAKER laid before the House the amendments of the Sen services are thrown together, and it provides a retired list for the ate to bills of the following titles; and the same were, on motion officers of the Revenue-Cutter Service. That, in substance, is all of Mr. BROMWELL, respectively concurred in: that the bill does. The committee have agreed upon an amend A bill (H. R. 12215) granting an increase of pension to James ment which at the proper time will be offered to section 2, and Cobb; and which is as follows, at the close of that section: A bill (H. R. 2273) granting a pension to Martha A. De La Provided further, That such assimil.a.ted rank shall not be construed to mater. place any officers of the Revenue-Cutter Service in charge of any naval ves- · EFFICIENCY OF JtEVENUE-CUTTER SERVICE. sel, nor shall any naval officer be placed in charge of a revenue cutter except by direct order of the President. Mr. SHERMAN. I move that the House resolve itself into the Mr. MANN. May I ask the gentleman a question about the Committee of the Whole on the state of the Union for the further amendment? consideration of the bill (S. 1025) to promote the efficiency of the M1·. SHERMAN. Certainly. Revenue-Cutter Service; and pending, that motion I would like to Mr. MANN. I did not catch the exact wording of the sug see whether we can not arrange with the gentleman from illinois gested amendment, nor do I know whether I understand it quite [Mr. MANN] as to the time to be allowed for general debate in fully without consideration, but I would like to ask the gentleman Committee of the Whole. what is the purpose of the amendment. Is it to provide that in Mr. MANN. Mr. Speaker, the demand for time in opposition case a revenue cutter and a naval vessel are together under no of the bill considerably exceeds the amount of time which I am circumstances shall the revenue-cutter officer have command? about to request be allowed; but I ask that we have at least five Mr. SHERMAN. He shall not have command of the naval ves hours on a side. sel. He will have command of his own vessel, but not of the naval :Mr. SHERMAN. Itappearstome,Mr.Speaker, thatweought vessel. to dispose of this bill in less than ten hours' general debate. Let Mr. MANN. I assume that one of the two would have com me suggest three hours on a side. mand of the two vessels, and I ask to know whether the purport Mr. MANN. Suppose I suggest to the gentlem!l.n that we run of that was simply to say that the revenue-cutter captain should to-day. I think w~ will have no trouble in coming to some un not be placed on board of the naval vessel in command or whether derstanding about it. he should not be in command of the naval vessel. Mr. SHERMAN. As far as I am personally concerned, that Mr. HEPBURN. Permit me to read the language again: would meet my views entirely, but there are a number of gentle Provided f twthe:r, That such assimilated rank shall not be construed to men whose epinions differ and whose votes will differ when we place any officer of the Revenue-Cutter Service in charge of any naval vessel, come to a vote on this bill, who desire to be here~ and it is with nor shall any naval officer be placed in charge of a revenue cutter except by the hope of getting some definite time fixed for their guidance direct order of the President. that I make the suggestion. Mr. MANN. May I ask the gentleman further-he has con Mr. :MANN. If the gentleman will permit me, I suppose that sidered the language undoubtedly-whether that language is, in under no circumstances could a vote be had upon the bill to-day. his judgment, intended to say that if the two vessels are side by Mr. SHERMAN. Well. so far as this side of the question is side, by themselves, where one would ord-inarily be under the con concerned, I think we might. I have not had numerous applica trol of the officer of the other, the revenue-cutter officer in that tions for time. case shall not command, or simply that he shall not be placed in Mr. MANN. Well, I hardly think it would be possible on any charge of the naval vessel? · division of time-- Mr. HEPBURN. It means, I think, that he shall not com Mr. SHERMAN. We could debate four hours and a half to mand in any way the naval vessel. For instance, he would not day, surely. Suppose we agree upon six hours; that would leave in any way be a commander of a squadron made up of revenue an hour and a half on another day. I assume that we can not go cutters- and naval vessels. on with the bill on Monday, as my understanding is that the sun Mr. MANN. Is that the intention? dry civil bill is to be considered on Monday. Mr. HEPBURN. That is the intention of the amendment. Mr. MANN. That is what I supposed. Suppose we proceed Mr. MANN. Then I invite the gentleman to carefully consider to-day without limitation. I think we will have no trouble in the language, because on a casual reading-of course I have not coming to an agreement, as the bill will not come up Monday any given it the-thought the gentleman has-it seems tome as though way. The demand has been much greater than five hours for that intention was not clearly stated. time, I will say to the gentleman. 1\Ir. HEPBURN. I have no objection to the gentleman perfect Mr. SHERMAN. I do not want to be strenuous about it, but ing the language to suit himself. I do think we can get along better if we agree upon some time, 1\Ir. :MANN. I have a great deal more faith in the gentleman's even though that time be somewhat lengthy. I think I would ability to perfect the language than I would have in my own. sooner agree to the five hours than have no agreement at all. Mr. HEPBURN. It has been submitted to members of the Mr. MANN. Suppose the gentleman agrees to four hours' gen Naval Committee, and, as I understand, it is entirely satisfac eral de bate to-day and four thereafter on some other day, the time t.ory to them. We will modify the language, if it is necessary, so to be equally divided. as to carry out that purpose. Mr. SHERMAN. That is satisfactory as far as I am concerned. Mr. SHERMAN. Mr. Chairman, my understanding is that in The SPEAKER. The gentleman from illinois asks unanimous practice, in fact, there never has occurred a time when the two consent that the general debate on this bill be limited to eight vessels of the service have been thrown together so as to clash in hours-four hours on a side-four hours to be used to-day and four this matter in any way. at some subsequent day. Is there objection? [After a pause.] lli. HEPBURN. No cutter officer has ever attempted to com The Chair hears none. mand a naval officer. lli. SHERMAN. Mr. Speaker, I assume it is understood that Mr. SHERMAN. No cutter officer has ever yet been placed in the gentleman fi·om illinois and myself will control the time? a position where he has claimed the command or attempted to The SPEAKER. That will have to be agreed to. exercise the command of a naval ;vessel. The intention of this Mr. SHERMAN. Then I ask unanimous consent that that amendment, as the chairman of the committee [Mr. HEPBURN] agreement be made. has stated, is, as I understand it, definitely t'J determine by statute The SPEAKER. The gentleman from New York asks unani that no revenue-cutter officer shall command a naval ves el. mous consent that the time that has just been allotted for this Mr. MANN. Is not that the case as the statute now r e3.ds? bill in general debate be controlled by himself and by the gen Mr. SHERMAN. What harm, then: in inserting it here? That tleman from illinois. Is there objection to this request? [After is the intention of the amendment, as I understand it, as stated a pause.] The Chair hears none, and it is so ordered. by the chairman. The question now is on the motion of the gentleman from New Mr. MANN. But the statute as it now reads would be changed York, that the House resolve itself into the Committee of the by this bill if enacted into law. · Whole House on the state of the Union for the consideration of Mr. SHERMAN. As intimated by the gentleman from Iowa the bill (S. 1025) to promote the efficiency of the Revenue-Cutter [Mr. HEPBURN], if the amendment as proposed does not cover Service. what is intended, I should be glad to receive a suggestion from The motion was agreed to. the gentleman from illinois to change it so that it will a-ccom-· The House accordingly resolved itself into the Committee of plish that purpose. the Whole House on the state of the Union for the consideration Now, Mr. Chairman, I assume that this House is fair!y familiar of the bill (S. 1025) to promote the efficiency of the Revenue with what the Revenue-Cutter Service is. I assume that the gen Cutter Service, with Mr. OLMSTED in the chair. eral duties of the service are understood 1>y the House and that 3406 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE .. MARCH 2.9, gentlemen lrnow that they are semimilitaTy, certablly at times. judgment,. more strenuous, more exacting, more difficult, and The service at present has about 200 officers-202-or 207, I think, to more. dangerous than are the duties. of the naval officer in time of be exact-and ba& about 1,000 enlisted menp The commissioned peace. officers all receive their appointments from the President,. sub The statute provides that the President shan at any time, either ject to eonfurmation by the Senate. The officers are a1:1pointed in peace or war, transfer the Revenue-Cutter Service, which in from the-noncommissioned men. They are all appointed by pro ordinary times is' under the TreastJ:I:yDepartment, to the Navy motion. The lowest. grade, the noncommissioned officers, are Department and to service under the orders of the Secretary of obliged to have a course of two years upon the training ship~ the Navy, and in every war in which this country has been en which course is in many1:1articulars very similar to that provided gaged the Revenue-CUtter Service has1 in fact been transferred at the Naval Academy. 1 have a statement here in parallel col to the Navy Department, and has, in fact, rendered valiant, heroic umns showing the course of instruction at the Naval Academy service·, quite as much so·, admittedly so even by the report of and on the training ship of the Revenue-Cutter Service. I will the minodty in opposition to this bill, as have the officers and not read it in full, but with the pm"Inission of the committee will men of the Navy. . print it in full in my remarks. The Revenue-Cutter Service is older by many years than.. the Tne length of the course at the Naval Academy is fonr years, Navy~ It was the naval war arm of the Government for ten while that on the training ship is two years; but the cadets in years befo:ra any Navy Department was provided by lawL It is the Revenue-Cutter Service are admitted into that service at a unnecessary to cite the instances of the specially heroic and spe greater age than are the cadets at Annapolis admitted. · cially valiant and parli.cu1a.rly valnable services given by revenue At Annapolis during two years the cadets are instructed in cutter officers and crews and boats during the times that this seamanship. Dnrfugtwo years they are instructed in seamanship country has been at war. It will not be forgotten-it has not upon the training ship of the Revenue-Cutter Service. At the· been forgotten--:-by members of this committee and by citizens of Academy th'Cy are· instructed for three and a half years in navi this country that a revenue-cutter boat was the first upon which gation and an the training ship for two years they are instructed the guns of the enemy were directed at Manila. It will not be in navigation. In ordnance and gunnery thfry are instructed forgotten that the Hudson at Oardenasperformed specially heroic during the third and fonrth years at the Academy, and during and particularly valuable service in :rescuing the Winslow, a naval both years upon the training ship of the Revenue-Cutter Service. vessel, when in the I;llOst perilous position. It performed this They are instructed also in both places in international law. Of service at tlie utmost risk to the vessel and to the lives of all the course, in revenue law they are instructed in the Revenue-Cutter revenue. officers and crew upon it. Service and not in the Naval Academy. They have compass in In a magazine article which! have beforeme-CasSleTe's Maga struction in both schools. They have surveying in both, and in. zine, of March, 1899-is an article upon the Revenue-Cutter both they have hygiene~ m:uine engineering, mathematics, and Service, in which are set out in detail the services ren-dered by so forth. In dn11 the exercises are praet:ically identical at both office1·s and by vessels dudng the various wars. I will not go institutions, and the hours for instruction in these va1-ious sub into this in particular. It refers to the uprising of tl;le Seminole jects are very similar in botll services. Indians in 1836, and to the services of the-revenue cutters during A comparative statement showing the similarity in scope of the cowrse.s·of in the civil war, and also during the war with Spain, recently stJ"'ll£tioTirat the United States Naval Academy and on the U. 8. practice sh~p closed. · "Chase~" with refe·rence to tke preparation of young men to serve as line ojJL Mr. Chairman, I may print a few paragraphs from this maga ct:rs in a military ana nautical service, zine arlfcle in connection with my remarks, but I will not occupy U. S. NAVAL ACADEMY. U. S. 8'. CHASE. the time of the committee in now reading theEe:matters-in detail. Length ofcow-seT four years. Length. of course, two years. (Cadets are admitt-ed eta more ad That this sel'vice is not treated as the naval service, side by side vanced age than at the Academy, and with which it serves, is unquestioned. The officers of this serv are required to pass an eYamination in in purely academic subjects covering ice do not receive the compensation, either times of war or of much taught at the Academy.) peace, that naval officers do. True it is that in times of war they Periods per week: Periods per week; are. put upon the pension rolls for any injury they may receive at Seamanship- Seamanship- that time,. but at no other time is there any pension provided for Third YEl31"------1 First year_------2 Fourth year------2 Second year------2 any officer of the Revenue-Cutter Service. The highest raklk in (Instruction m . handling shlp at sea. the Revenue-Cutter Service is that of cnptain. There. is no more thorough than is possible with longevity pay provided for any one in the Revenue-Cutter Service. large cla es on Chesapeake.) N avigation,fourth year_--- ____ 3t Nav:i~tion- So that the highest compensation received by any Revem.1e-Cutter Firstyear ______: ______2 officer- is $2,500, a compensation no greater, 1\fr. Chairman, than is Second year ______-____ 2 received by many officers in the Navy who were yet unborn when. Ord'nance and gunnery- Ordnance and gunnery- Third year------t F"ll"St year------2 most valiant and heroic service was rendered by fellow-officers of Fourth-year------31- Second year------2 the Revenue-Cutter Service who are to-day only receiving that English: First two years, and includes English: Two years, one period per compensation. history. week. (Official documents. Thorough There are many instances of this kind in the two services. knowledge of English supposed upon This bill provides that the captains of the Revenue-Cutter Servfce entrance.) shall hereafter rank with and receive the compensation, in Internationallaw: Nottaught other International law: One year, two pe wise than poss1"bly by lectures. riods. cluding longevity pay, of majors in the Almy and lieutenant Revenue law. Revenue law: Two periods, two years. commanders in the Navy. That would increase then· pay from Compass compensation (inclu.ded in Comp:1ss compen....c:ation; A distinct 2,500 to ~,500 a year. That the first lieutenants in the Revenue navigation). course. one·:yea1·, two periods. Su:rve:ying (inclnded with navigar Surveying: D1stinct course. Fully as Cutter Service shall .rank with and receive the compensation of tion). much pra{)tical work done. captains in the Army and first lieutenants of the Navy,or $2,500; Astronomy. .Astronomy. that second lieutenants of the Revenue-Cutter Service shall rank Hygiene! One year, one period. Hygiene! One year, one period. Marine engineering, naval construc- Steam engineering: Two years, one with and receive the compensation of first lieutenants in the tion, mechanical drawing, etc., me period per week. Army and lieutenants of the junior grade of the Navy, or $2,140 chanics. Mechanical drawing: Two years, one a year; and that third lieutenants of the Revenue-Cutter Service (Com·se very thorough and exten period per week. sive, n ces3ary to train men for eon (The U.S. R. C. S. hr.s an engineer shall rank with and receive th~ pay of second lieutenants of the struetion corps, engineer duty, etc.) ~orp , graduates of technicals chools.) Army and ensigns of the Navy, or $2,000 a year. Academic subjects which four-year Now, no longevity pay is given to any Revenue-Cu.tte1L officer. com· renders po3Sible: • Physics and chemistry. I ass-ume it is known by the members of this House that longevity Mathematic . Trigonometry: One year. pay is an increase of 10 per cent for each five years of service after Modern languages. One modern language requrred (at commission during the first twenty years, so that at most tho least formerly for entrance). compensation may be increased by 40 per cent and no more. Now, DRILLS. the offices of captain of engineers, Chief of Engineers, and assist Infantry. Infantry. ant engineers conespond with those of captains, first lieu.tenantsy Arti11E.Iry. Artillery. and second lieutenants of the Revenue Cutter, and these officers of Fencing, etc. Fencing, etc. Boot drill. Boat drill the Revenue-Cutter Service receive the compensation and rank aml Signals. Signals (thorough). pay as do captains and second lieutenants under this bill. Bayonet ·exercise. Bn.yonet exerciSe. Target practice. Target Jll>actice. Substantially this same measure, the same relief fo1· the Revenue G~stics, dancing, etc. --(No facilities.) Cutter Service, has been repeatedly recommended by Presidents of R1gging ship, etc. Rigging ship, et.c. (Very thorough the United States ove1· and over again, and it has been recom ,and practical.) mended by every Secretary of the Treasury of t:lvery party from The men of the Revenue-Cutter Service are enlisted for three 1 71 down to the present time; and over a.nd a.gnin, in making years and receive the c:ompen ation which is prevalent in the ordi this recommendation, has the Secretary of the Treasury called nary merchant service on. the Atlantic and Pacific oceana. The attention to the value of the Service and to the jnstice of increas duties of thB- Revenue-Gutter Se1:vice in time O'f peace are, in my ing the rank and compensation.- to be receiv-ed. 1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 3407

The duties of the Service in times of peace are set forth in de liable to be- driven upon the rocks at any moment when Uil tail in the regul~tions relating thereto, and are found upon pages donbtedly the1·e would have been very great loss of life. 26t and so on, in the book of regulations. I will not read them Hel'e is the o:ffice:r's full and detailed statement of exactly what in full; but, to summarize these duties, in time of peace they con was done by his vessel and crew, and wi1J:L that report before us, sist in the enforcement of all laws of the United States affecting Mr. Chcri.rnumr can we draw any other conclusion than that had the maritime interest of the nation; the arrest and prevention of it not been for the presence of the revenue-cutter-G1·e&ham at illicit b·affic by sea~ the navigation laws, compelling all kinds of that time many lives would have been lost? craft navigating the waters of the United States to comply with A life-saving crew was stationed near the point, and the life legal requirements in regard to documents, lights, steamboat in saving crew were unable to reach the vessel; and as Captain spection, and passenger laws~ the quarantine-laws; the rescue and Walker said, but for the fortunate anival of the Gresham in all succor of distressed vessel and crews; the drill and discipline of human probability a very large number of persons on that vessel the life-saving 01·ews; the supervision of construction of life at that time would have lost their lives. Does the gentleman saving stations, and the entire inspection work of that service, from Illinois desire to ask me something further? the supervision of anchorage grounds established by law, etc. Mr~ MANN. No. I wish to say that I understand the vessel The duty performed in this service when rescuing crews of dis that was rescued in this ease-and I have no doubt whateve1· that tressed vessels has been most important. It has been the saving good service was rendered, and I never intimated anything to the of innumerable lives and of va t values in property. In their contrary-the vessel rescued in this case was at anchor, and they minority report upon this bill attention is called to the fact that were afraid that the anchor chain would break. Thereupon the these reports are not submitted in detail to Congress. They a1·e G'resham pulled the vessel away, and did not take anybody off from submitted, Mr. Chairman, in detail by the service to the Sem·e the vessel at all. They pulled the vessel away and put her at some tary of the Tre:;t.SUry, and are on file in the Bureau subject to the other place, and yet they claim to have actually rescued from inspection at any time of anybody who de ires to see them. In drowning each of the parsons on the vessel who were never taken that connection, Mr. Chairman, I desire to refer to the statements off from the vessel. made by the gentleman from lllinois [Mr. MANN] on the day be :Mr. SHERMAN. I made no such statem~nt. The gentleman foxe yesterday in discussing the rule under which \Ve are now op makes a direct statement that the captain says he saved nobody. erating. He challenge~ the statement that the revenue-cutter The gentleman the other day made the direct statement that the Gresham saved any lives on August 13 in rescuing the Fraterni report was false in stating that anybody was rescued, and yet dade. The gentleman from illinois made the statement that a here is the repo:rt stating in detail what was done, and the only false report had been made in that case, because, as he said, Cap possible conclusion that could be drawn is that the services there tain Walker, in making his detailed report of that service, stated rendered in all hmnan probability did save the lives of many that no lives whatever had been rescued. I think the gentleman people. from lllin.ois either never saw the report of Captain Walker or Mr. MANN. I hope the gentleman will not say that I said the else he has mistmde1·stood Captain Walker's statement in that in vessel rescued no lives-. I made no such statement. I said the stance, because I have here and I will read the full report of Cap report of the captain in charge of the vessel stated that they tain Walker of that service. He says: rescued no life. I Letter of Capt. T. D. Walker, R. 0. 8., commanding the Gresham, to the hon Mr. SHERMAN. That is what said you stated. orable the Secretary of tke Treasu1-y. Mr. MANN. I have here the report transcribed and sent by the Revenue-Cutter Office, saying the same thing. I have tile honor to transmit herewith, for information of the Depart ment, a. report on Form 2015, of assistance rendered b-y the Gresham to the Mr. SHERMAN. Saying that he saved nobody from drowning; Portuguese ba.rkentine Fratemidade, of Brava, Cape Verde Islands,. on the in other words,. picked np no human beings out of th.e water. I 13th instant, near Narragansett Pier, Rhode Island. We were cruising from Newport to New London when we sigllted the bark anchored danger do not know that the gentleman had that report, but I do know ously near to the rocks with a. clistress signal flying, and we at once pro that that is one of the reports he could have had. I do know that ceeded to extricate her. As we approached a second flag (ensign) was placed every facility was offered him in the Revenue-Cutter Office tc in the mizzen rigging, as though to emphasize the aJ)pool of the unfortunate I people for aid. Owing to the sea the bark was riding heavily, and the- cap find out all the fa-cta he could wish. do know that the chief tain momentarily expected that his only remaining cable would break. In· of that Bureau has furnished him a copy of every document he that event the bark would have been dashed on!(} the rocks, a.nd there is no has asked for. I do know that it was possible for him to have telling what the consequences might have been. It is reasonably certain seen that report. . that serious loss of life would have resulted, as the people, especially the women, seemed badly demoralized. The safety of the bark and the large Mr. MANN. Of course the gentleman does not know that, number of people on board hlll!-~,. as it were, upon a very slender thread, and and in order that he may be sure of it, I will say that it is true:. I feel thankful that our good liru.e ship happened along at the right time and was able to do the right thing. No othervessel capable of sending assistance Mr. SHERMAN. I have here the gentleman's letter to the was in sight, and this made Olll" presence the more opportune. Crowds of Department and the Department's reply; and on those I state that summer cottagers from Narragansett Pier lined the rocks, but, under the I know it. circumstances, they were powerless to rende~d. The officers and crew of the ship did their duty well. · Mr. MANN. I have no qnestion. a.bont that. I have received * "' • .. * • * from the officers of the Revenue-Cutter Service great courtesy. Respectfully, yom's, THOMAS D. WALKER They have endeavored, as far a.s possible, to furnish me with all Captain,, R. 0. 8., Oom~ing. infonna.tion I requested, except they have told me that certain Now, Mr. Chairman, I can not believe that the gentleman from informati-on not in print was altogether too volumino-us to he Dlinois bad seen that report when he made the assertion that transcribed, and I have made no complaint about that, because Captain Walker had stated that he saved no lives. it is undoubtedly true. I have contended hexe that the informa :Mr. MANN. Will the gentleman allow an interruption? tion ought ·to be published so that we might know what the facts in the case are. That. was the point. But I say now that the let Mr. SHERMAN. Certainly. ter to which the gentleman refers does not show that any lives Mr. MANN. I want to say that I have not only seen that re were actually rescued from drowning, which is the report of the port but I had a copy of it from the Department. At first th.e Secretary of the Treasn.ry. copy did not seem to be a full report, and hence I asked the De Mr. SHERMAN. I do not know that it is necessary to- thrash partment again to send me the report in full, and I have h.el·e the that straw aver again. The report does show just exactly what report of the assistance rendered by the United States steamer was done. It does not show that anybody was actually taken Gresham to this vessel _on August 13r 1900, in full, tabulated out of the water, and such is not the fact. Bnt it does show that form. It is No~ 30. It gives number, name, residence of per all of the cables save one were broken, that a storm was raging,. sons actually rescued from drowning; and in answer to that that a high wind was blowing, and th~t probably this ves el question, the answer is given " none.n This was nunished to would have been dashed against the rocks and destroyed, with me by the Revenue-Cutter Office itself, and is a complete tabulated many of those on board, had not the 1·evenue cutter como to the report of the officer in charge of the revenue-cutter Gl·esham, rescue. and he says "none " in answer to the number of persons rescued Mr. LITTLEFIELD. If the gentleman from New York [Mr. from drowning. SII:EB.MAN] will allow me, I will call the attention of the gentle Mr. SHERMAN. In other wordsr Mr. Chairman, the officer man from Illinois [Mr. ~--rn] to what he did say. It having of that vessel found none of the crew in. the water liable to sink been stated that the report showed that 178 lives weTe actually out of sight in a moment. I suppose that is what that means. I rescued from drowning, he said that if we had had a printed re assume that the tabulated report, where specific questions are port of the operations of this service it would have shown, not put to be answered in the affirmative or negative, simply means that they were actually rescueli from drowning·, but that the cut that where the officers of the Revenue-Cutter Service find per ter saved no lives at that time. That was the assertiBn of the sons actually in the water they have rescued them from drown gentleman from illinois. He said that the report would show in~. And yet, 1\fr. Chairman, whlle that condition. did not that. eXl.St at that time, here is the specific and detailed report of what Mr. SHERMAN. In my judgment it sh-Qws that many lives wa.c; done by this officer and vessel. Here is a report stating that were saved. The report is here, and members of the House can he found the FTaternidade in a very perilous po.sition, found it draw their own conclusions. 3408 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE. MARcH 29,

Mr. Chairman, that is only one of the scores and scores of re- Why, Mr. Chairman, in the first place, that query might be ports showing service rendered under very much more difficult answered with another. Why not put the enlisted men of the and hazardous conditions than this; some of them showing, of Army and Navy on a retired list? If it applies in the one case it com·se, as all such roports must show, that at times the service ought in the other; but there is another answer if any answer is was trivial, and that often had the service not been rendered prob- needed, and it is this: That those enlisted men are enlisted for ably no disaster to life and property would have ensued. But three years only. They can leave at the end of that time of en those reports do show this fact, and the hearings before the com- listment and usually do. Reenlistments are not numerous. En mittee disclose it, that for years and years the vessels of this serv- listed men are not required to have a technical education, they ice, in season and out of season-generally in storm, but sometimes are not required to pass an examination, and their whole life is in calm-have been patrolling our coast, have extended the hand not devoted to this one service. The minority report states in of succor to vessels and mariners in distress, have done so at the substance that the passage of this bill would result in very rapid, risk of their own ve sels and their own lives over and over again. unduly rapid, promotions in the Revenue-Cutter Service. That Now, in the minority report-! think I will not go further into statement is based upon the fact that there are more captains those details Mr. Chairman. The reports in the Department, if and first lieutenants than there are minor officers in that service. they were all published, would make volumes and volumes; they The statement is not well founded, Mr. Chairman, because I are very, very numerous; and as I say some show very serious and think we are all familiar enough with current events to know very valuable service and others show service less hazardous and that the promotions in the Army have recently been most rapid, less valuable. for reasons that are well known, and also that the promotions in Now the gentleman from Illinois, or whoever prepared the mi- the Navy have been very rapid. What are the facts about the nority report-I assume it was drawn by the gentleman from ll- rapidity of promotions in the Revenue-Cutter Service? There is linois-asks why we do not put the Marine-Hospital Service, the no captain in that service to-day, not one, who enlisted later than Fish-Commission service, the Life-Saving Service under the same 1871. There is no captain who now receives more than $2,500 regulations, the same statutes that are provided in this bill for per year. Ev~ry officer now on the active list of the Navy who the Revenue-Cutter Service. Why, Mr. Chairman, we do not do enlisted in that service as early as 1871 receives at least $3,500, or it because the law already does it, because the vessels of all those a thousand dollars more than the Revenue-Cutter Service officer services are now commanded by naval officers who have the pay of highest rank who entered the service at the same time. we are proposing to provide for revenue-cutter officers and the The average age of the Revenue Service officer when he reaches longevity pay as well. If this bill looked to the relief of the ves- a captaincy is 50 years. The average of the Naval officer when sel and not to the officer commanding it, the suggestion of the he reaches a grade at which he would draw 82,500 a year is 38 gentleman made in the minority report would be well taken, but years. There are several officers of the Revenue-Cutter Service when you cons.ider the fact that the officers commanding all those who are now only captains-and that is the highest grade-who vessels in the other services are naval officers who now enjoy not are now 58 years old. There are those above 60 who are on the only all but more privilege and more emoluments than are pro- waiting-order list. vided by this bill to the Revenue-Cutter Service officers, then we Mr. Chairman, I think that covers substantially, in as brief a see how misleading is the statement in the minority report. time and in as few words as I could confine it, the reasons which Mr. WATSON. I would like to a k the gentleman a question. impelled the majority of the Committee on Interstate Commerce The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentleman yield? to report this bill favorably; the reasons which have impelled Mr. SHERMAN. Certainly. Secretaries· of the Treasury, for thirty years, to advocate the pas- Mr. WATSON. I wolh..! like to ask whether or not the gentle- sage of substantially this same measure; the reasons which have man is satisfied that the amendment suggested, and which is sup- impelled the present occupant of the White House and his pred posed in the future to prevent conflict between Revenue-Cutter ecessors for many years to call the especial attention of Congress Service and Navy service, will work that result? to this service and its needs; the reason why we are here now Mr. SHERMAN. I am perfectly satisfied it will; but if there earnestly advocating that at this late day officers in the Revenue is any possibility of its not doing so, we will change it so that it Cutter Service shall be put upon something near an equality with does. That is the desire of the committee who report this bill, officers of another service, under a different title, who perform no and I believe it is the desire of the House, and I believe that re- I more arduous, serious, or valuable services in time of peace than do sult will be accomplished. Now, Mr. Chairman, the opponents therevenue-cutterofficers,andwhointimeofwarperformservices of this measure object to it, amongst other things, as indicated just as valuable, just as ·hazardous, just as brilliant as do the offi by the minority report, because it gives a preference, as they say, cers of the Navy. to officers of the Revenue-Cutter Service over officers of the Navy. The history of our country, Mr. Chairman, has been made The gentleman is in error in making that statement, as can be more glorious by the service of the revenue-cutter officers. There shown by two or three illustrations. For instance, Lieutenant- is not one blot upon their record that I have been able to dis Commander Fullen, of the Navy, entered that service in 1873. cover, in any spot or place. And for the e reasons, Mr. Chair Six years of the intervening service was spent at the Naval man, we earnestly urge the members of this committee favorably Academy. He is now a lieutenant-commander and drawing to recommend to the House the passage of this bill. $3,500 a year. First Lieutenant Newcome, of the Revenue-Cutter I reserve the balance of my time, Mr. Chairman. [Applause.] Service, entered that service the same year. He had previously Mr. MANN. I yield one hour to the gentleman from Alabama served two years, from 1863 to 1865, in the naval establishment [Mr. RICHARDSON]. of this Government in the civil war. He served also during the The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Alabama [Mr. RICH- Spanish war in the naval armament of the country, being in the ARDSON] is recognized for one hour. Revenue-Cutter Service, and being transferred to the Navy De- Mr. RICHARDSON of Alabama. Mr. Chairman, it would partment by order of the President. Yet to-day he, as a first have been a great deal more pleasant to me from a personal s~nd lieutenant of the Revenue-Cutter Service, receives but $1,800 a point, to have been able to agree with the majority of the Com year. There are 25 captains in the Marine Corps who outrank mittee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce in the report they Lieutenant Newcome who were not boi-n at the time Lieutenant have made on this bill. In doing so I should have answei·ed the Newcome served his country in the volunteer navy during the kind requests of a great many friends outside of Congre s who civil war. have importuned me, honestly and sincerely to support this bill; Of the seven first lieutenants-mark you, Mr. Chairman, first but with the convictions that I have as to the general policy, the lieutenants-at the head of the list of the Revenue-Cutter Service, objects and purposes of this bill, I could not consistently do so. five of them served in the naval establishment during the civil I heard the distinguished gentleman from illinois [Mr. MANN] war. Five officers serving to-day for $1,800 a year, forced t

1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE. 3409

was then placed in the keeping and under the care of the Treasury Now, I read that, Mr. Chairman, from these two Secretaries, Department, the most powerful civil department in this Govern one the ex-Secretary of the Navy and the other the present in ment. I know that the majority in their report say that since cumbent, to show that the Navy Department did not favor the 1872, to date, every Secretary of the Treasury has indorsed and creation of a separate branch of the Navy as this bill proposes to recommended a bill of a character similar to this. I am not here create. either to affirm or deny that fact, but I propound this question to Now, there is another singular fact. These bills relating to the day: If this bill in its objects and in its purposes, as is confessed, Revenue-Cutter Service have been before Congress for years. is intended to put the Revenue-Cutter Service officers on "an The present bill, as will be seen, changes the bill that Mr. Long equal footing" with the officers of the Navy and the Army, why was referring to in some respects. What are those changes? is it that no Secretary of the Navy has been found to indorse a Section 7 of the old bill, before the Fifty-sixth Congress, pro bill of this character? There must be some reason for this. There vided that the officers of the Revenue-Cutter Service shall have is something behind it. I know that this bill has been before served thirty years as commissioned officers in said service, and Congre sin different shapes and forms for years past. M1·. Chair then may be retired from active service by the President. This man, I will read from a letter of ex-Secretary of the Navy, Mr. bill we are discussing makes it sixty-four years. It is apparent Tracy written in 1892. Remember that the title of this bill is to what objection would be made to the thirty-year clause. · A young promote the efficiency of the Revenue-Cutter Service. man 18 years old in the Revenue-Cutter Service would be retired at Mr. Tracy says: 48-in the prime of life. In reply to your letter of January 26, inclosing for my consideration Sen Another feature is changed, and that is section 24, which ac ate bill No. 67. corded the Revenue-Cutter Service some'' special honors.'' These To do what was that bill? Was it to promote the efficiency of special honors that these gentleman at one time intended to con the Revenue-Cutter Service? No; to transfer the Revenue-Cutter fer upon this Revenue-Cutter Service I am glad has been stricken Service from the Treasury Department "to the Navy," and he out from the bill. Secretary Long! in discussing the" special gave his reasons why he would indorse it.- Is that the purpose official honor" paragraph of the old bill, said: . . of this bill? Is it not in effect, as every gentleman will admit, Section 24 of the bill contains inflexible requirements upon the subject of does not it intend to create a separate and distinct naval branch, official honor and courtesies which would put the Revenue-Cutter Service in an anomalous position, but particularly in the presence of representatives different from the Navy, without incurring any of the respon of foreign military and naval service. _ sibilities, duties, or obligations of the Navy; and ex-Secretary Tracy said another thing about it. Why, his reason was, Mr. That section has been eliminated from the present bill. Now, Chairman, that he did not want a separate branch of the Navy; there is another one that has gone out, and I will not discuss that, and another was that by making this transfer, by making this because I understand the amendment has been made in reference consolidation, it would save $603 ,895. I read from his letter. to the present provisions of the bill that fully regulates and pro Does this bill that is for the consideration of this House to-day vides that a Revenue-Cutter Service officer, even though he has propose to make any reduction or a saving of any amount to the equal rank and receives equal pay as a corresponding-naval offi Government? I will show you by the figures that this bill will cer, the Revenue-Cutter officer shall never take command over a largely increase expenses. naval officer. It seems to me this amendment would smart in I read now, Mr. Chairman, on that subject from the present the pride of the revenue officer. That is not my concern. __ occupant of the Department of the Navy, and I call especial at Now, the question is a natural one. Why is it that for so long tention to this. It is not a question here of the efficiency of the such a great number of years after this Revenue-Cutter Service officers of the Revenue-Cutter Service. There is no question of was organized-m01·e than one hundred and ten years ago, and it their having discharged in full the duties that devolve upon them has remained constantly in t.he Treasury Department, through in their line of duty. No question is properly raised as to their all the vicissitudes of wars and rumors of wars in this country, courage. All these instances referred to by the distinguished through all the changes, through all the magnificent growth and gentleman from New York [Mr. SHERMAN] do not touch, in my splendid achievements of our great country, why is it that Con judgment, what is the real question in this case. The question gress has refused to pass this character of bill? There is some here, the real question, is: "Will this Congress put its sanction answer to this. There is some reason for it. Why, what is it? upon a bill that creates a civil pension list? That is the real ques Let us look, now, Mr. Chairman, for a moment at the titls to this tion-nothing more nor less. Listen to what Secretary Long says bill. It reads: "An act to promote the efficiency of the Revenue . in a letter written at Washington, March 3, 1900: Cutter Service." A careful examination of the bill in question shows- Now, Mr. Chairman, I propound this question, and I would like to hear it answered: In what way and in what manner does I call especial attention- this bill "promote the efficiency of the Revenue-Cutter Serv-. shows that it is a step, and one covering considerable ground, in the direc tion of creating a separate naval establishment, with its corps of line officers, ice?" Does it impose additional duties; does it require addi-. engineers, and a constructor, it~ rank and rates of pay, its system of exami tional obligations; does it make more rigid discipline? Nothing nations for r etirement and promotion, and its military honors. of that kind is proposed in it; nothing of that kind is contem It is important to note that the broad question raised by Secre plated. The sole object of this bill, stripped of all glamour and ·tary Long to the nature of that bill applies to the bill now under pyrotechnics and "gush" about the gallantry of the officers of consideration with equal force. the revenue cutters, their feats of unexcelled and unparalleled This bill does not differ from the one that Secretary Long was daring all of which has no bearing whatever on the consideration talking about, except in Eome immaterial feattll'es. The great of this bill-the sole object of the bill, I repeat, is to make the object and purpose and spirit of this bill is exactly the same as Revenue-Cutter officers equal to the Navy or Army officers. That the one about which Secretary Long was talking, and the same is the only proposition. It proposes to do this by increasing their objectionable features are in this bill. Secretary Long says: pay, and provides at the same time for the retirement of the offi It is important to note that the broad question raised by the form in which cer with the increase of his pay. It seeks to establish, as I said this bill is drawn and by the provisions which it contains is whether or not before, a separate branch of the Navy, incompatible, independent as a. matter of policy, this Government should have more than one naval or: with onr Navy, not controlled by the Secretary of the Navy but ganization, and, if more than one, how many. The arguments- by the Secretary of the Treasury. - '· What else does it do? In section 3 of this bill-and I call especial Says Secretary Long- attention tu it, for it seems to me it gives valuable information adducible in favor of conferring upon the Revenue-Cutter Service the bene fits embodied in S. 728 apply with more or less force to the officers ~md men about the purpose of the bill-section~ provides that the officers of the Coast Survey and the Fish Commission and to the newly created of the Unit-ed States Revenue-Cutter Service shall hereafter re transport service, now a part of the organization of the Army. ceive the same pay and allowances, except forage, as are now or Why, the distinguished gentleman said that the Fish Commis may hereafter be provided by law for officers of corresponding sion had nothing to do with it. It is a fact that in the Spanish rank in the Army, including longevity pay. American war there were about 123 acting as auxiliary vessels to Why, I ask this committee, is the pay of these revenue officers the Navy. How many of them were in the Revenue-Cutter Serv to ~ estimat~d by con-espon~ng officers in the Army? Why not ice? Thirteen. And the balance were the Marine Service-Fish put It according to corresponding officers in theNavy with which Commission, life-saving, light-house tenders, and other vessels. Department it is so lustily claimed they are twin brothers? You Mr. Long proceeds: know that there must be a purpose and an object , and I say that In the judgment of this Department the questions thus presented are far the bill, if it becomes a law, will accomplish that ' purpose and r eaching, and it would appear proper, before any further steps are taken in object." This bill, in fact and in truth. gives preference to the the direction of the establishment of a number of distinct organizations, p.aval in their character with their necessary staff accompaniment and auxil revenue-cutter officer over the naval officer, and increases their Iary ma-chinery, under t'he control of at least three separate departments of pay above the pay of the naval officer. the Government, that the attention of Congress should be invited to the ap I say that this bill does that. Why, it is a known fact, and I parently unnecP,ssary complications which are thereby brought about, and is to the patent advantages which a unified organization would afford in avoid will read it to you, that when a naval officer on the high seas ing duplication, in interchangeability of duties at all times, and in prompt he gets full pay; when he comes ashore there is a reduction of 15 mobilization in emergencies. per cent in his pay. Have you heard of any reduction proposed XXXV-214 - - --. -- 3410 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. MARCH 29,

in this bill for the revenue-cutter officers because he is on shore? Pay table under proposed law jor fiscal year ending June SO, 1903.-Continued. The statute says that when they are on shore the naval officers RETIRED LIST. are subject to a reduction of 15 per cent in their pay. Does any such thing apply to the army officer, the captain or the lieuten ant? Here is disclosed the " cloven foot" in this bill. Why was ~~~ Total. the army officer made the standard of pay? .Are you willing, when the bill reads ''to promote the efficiency of the Revenue 12ca~tains, at------··--- $2,625.00 $31,500.00 16 chief engineers, at .... ------______---- ____ 1, 800.00 ~. 350.00 Cutter Service,'' to put them in an advantageous position over the 4 first lieutenants, at ...•... ---·- ..••.. -----·.------·- 1, 800.00 7,560. 00 naval officers? 1 second lieutenant, at------·--·------1,4m.50 1,462.50 Now, Mr. Chairman, it does not make any difference, in refer 1 thh·d lieutenant, at .. ------_------·.----- ____ 1,470. 00 1,470. 00 6 first assistant engineers, at .. ------1, 575.00 9,450. 00 ring to the standing of a cadet, when they entered or did not 2 second assistant engineers, at.----·------·-- 1,4.70.00 2,940.00 enter, as the gentleman from Ohio [Mr. SHERMAN] did, in the 1 second assistant engineer, at------·--·---- 1,260.00 1,260. 00 Naval Academy. The law governs us all. Section 1556 of the Revised Statutes of the United States says: TotaL ... ------·------·------83,992.50

Commanders, when at sea, $3,500; on shore duty,$3,000; on leave or waiting RECAPITULATION, orders $2,000. Lieutenant-commanders during the first four years after date of commis sion, when at sea., receive $2,800; on shore duty, $2,i00; on leave or waiting ~~i:i ~:~ ~~ ~~::l~t====~======~======~====:::::::::======$4~:Wl:~ orders, $2,000; after four years from such date, when at sea, $3,000; on shore Total .. ------· ... ------.-----.------... ------556,412.50 duty, $2,600; on leave or waiting orders, $2,200. Total pay on active and retired lists under present law------400,250.00 Lieutenants, during the first 1i"ve years after date of commission, when at Total pay on active and retired lists under proposed law ...... 558,412.50 sea, get $2,400; onshore duty, $2,000; on leave or waiting orders, $1,600. After five years from such date, when at sea, $2,600; on shore duty, 2,ro3; on leave or waiting orders, $1,800. What 1s the r6sult under this bill we are talking about? Thirty seven captains of re-ven_ue cutters, at $3,500 each, on the acti-ve list. Now, what does this bill do? I call especial attention to it. It The captain in the Revenue-Cutter Service has corresponding rank not only makes a distinction, but it provides for the officer of the and pay with a lieutenant-commander in theNavy. The pay of a P- Revenue-Cutter Service larger emolument than that of the naval lieutenant-commander in the Navy dm·ing the first four years, .. officer. There is the statute. "Lex scripta est." It does not when at sea, is $2,800; on shore, $2,400; on leave or waiting orders, ' make any difference, as I said before: as to when the boys enter 2,000. Afterfom·yearshe gets, whenatsea,$3,000; onshore duty, 1 the Naval Academy; they are subject to and bound by that law. 2,600; on leave or waiting orders, $2,200. So, if this bill becomes a I now read, Mr. Chairman (and I will ask to have it published as law, a captain of the Revenue-Cutter Service on the active list and part of my remarks), a table showing the rates of pay authorized with the 'longevity pay '' will get $500 more than the highest pay under existing law for officers of the Revenue-Cutter Service on of a lieutenant-commander of the Navy, the officer that the rev the active list and on the retired list: enue captain has corresponding rank with. The longevity clause, Pay table as authorized under existing law. which we saw eliminated here the other day on the floor of the ( House from the .Army appropriation bill, is included in this bill ACTIVE LIST. not to exceed 40 per cent. Let us institute the comparison oroe what further. If the revenue-cutter captain goes on the., retired !.'J:;~ ITotal. list" under this bill his pay is $2,625, only $175 less than the lieutenant-commander gets when atseadming the fu·st four years fff captains, at .•..•.. ------·_ ..•.• ·----- $2,50J. 00 $92,500.00 after date of his commission. What is more, this retired captain fff first lieutenants, at------··-···------··------·---- 1,800. 00 66,600.00 gets $225 more than the lieutenant-commander gets when on shore fff second lieutenants, at ------·· -----· ...... ______1,50J. 00 50,500.00 fff third lieutenants at ...... ------·------·______1,200. 00 4!,400. 00 duty and $625 more than the lieutenant-commander gets if he is 1 captain of engineers, at------··--·-··------2,5')).00 2,500. 00 on " leave or waiting orders." Now, I propose to go one step 35 chief engineers at------···--·--···------1,800.00 63,00>.00 17 first assistant engineers, at. ____ ------______1,510. 00 25,500.00 further in this matter of comparison-what kind of equality this 18secondassistantengineers, at ______1200.00 21,600.00 bill establishes. The section of the law read above shows that a 1 constructor, at.--- --· ____ ------______------____ 1,800.00 1,800. 00 commander in our Navy when at sea gets 3,500; on shore duty, 3,000; on "leave or waiting orders," $2,300. The captain of the TotaL·------· · ------i~-~-~~-~= ~ ~ revenue cutter on the active list under this bill gets the same pay as the commander in the Navy, who outranks the captain of the RETIRED .A~-n WAITING ORDER LIST . revenue cutter even under the provisions of this bill. I will not carry the comparison any further. The facts are before you. In $'2,500.00 5,CW.OO my opinion there can not be any doubt about this matter. 3,600.00 ~iP. HEPBURN. The gentleman, I think, does not want to be 750.00 misleading. 600.00 8,100.00 Mr. RICHARDSON of Alabama. Certainly not, if I know it. 4,500.00 Mr. HEPBURN. Then he will allow me to say that the differ 1,800. 00 ence of which he is now speaking grows out of this peculiarity in Total. ___ __-·--- ______... ______------. ______23, ·o.oo the nav-al service: The naval officers have a tour of duty, say for three years at sea, then a tour of three years on shore, and the fesser pay applies to the latter period. Now, in the Revenue REC.APITCLATION. Total active list.------____ ------.------.. ------$373,400.00. Cutter Service the1·e is no distinction of that kind; the officers Total retired and waiting orders lb"i: • ------26,850.00 have noperiodof shore duty. Theyareconstantlywith their ves sels unless it happens that an officer is detailed for the purpose Total •. ______.... __ . __ . ______.. ____ ------.--- 400,250.00 of aiding in the construction of the machinery of ve sels or some labor of that kind. But in the Navy it is habitual for office?s to Pay table under proposed law j01· fiscal year e1uling June 80, 1908. divide their time of service between sea and land. .ACTIVE LIST. Mr. RICHARDSON of Alabama. If there is this distinction which the gentleman states, so that the e revenue-cutter officers Annual Total. do go on shore a· part of the time and the officers of the Navy salary. do, then they ought not be tl·eated as a part of the Navy, and they ought not get the compensation and emolument and dis 37 captains,at ______------· ------$3,500.00 $129,500.00 tinctions of the Navy without bearing its re ponsibilities, its 15 first lieutenants, at ____ ------2,520.00 37,800.00 7 first lieutenants, at _____ -----.------·------· ~,310. 00 16,300.00 duties, and its obligations, and they certainly ought not get higher 15 fir t lieutenants at ______------______------2, 160.00 32,400.00 pay. 13 second lieutenan ,at------1, .00 ~,400.00 10 second lieutenant3, at ______. ____ ------·------1, 650.00 16,500.00 Mr. MANN. May I make a suggestion to my friend from Ala- 14 second lieutenc.nts,at ------1,500.00 21,000.00 bama? 37 third. lieutenants, at ______... __ .----- ______------·-- 1,400. 00 51,800.00 Mr. RICHARDSON of Alabama. Cert&inly. 1 caE{ain of engineers, at .. ______------.----- 3,500. 00 3, 500.00 Mr. :MANN. Quite a number of the officers of the Revenue Cutter Service are on shore duty all the time. Mr. HEPBURN. The1·e are 13 or H officer who are engaged, 1r~~:r first o.ssistan.t:~~=::~~= enginee=~======~======~======~======r,at ------1,800.00lti:~ i;:m:~1,800.00 as I hav-e said, in the construction of the machinery of e ls. 16 first n.ssi.stn.nt engineers, at.... ------1, 650-.00 26,400.00 5 second assistant engineers, at------1,540.00 7, 700.00 Mr. MANN. Well, there are quite a number who are steam· 13 second 3.58ista.nt engineers, at ______----- ____ .... ------1, ®. 00 l8,ro3. 00 machinery inspectors traveling around the country and who un 1 constructor,at _____ ----- ...... _------_____ ---·· ------1,800. 00 1,800. 00 der this bill would receive 15 per cent more pay than a naval offi· TotaL ... ------._ .. ----. ___ ------·~-_------·- __ ... --··- 472,420.00 cer would receive for the performance of similar duty. Mr. RICHARDSON of Alabama. The figures I have stated 1902. OONGRESSIONAL REOORD-HOUSE. 3411 have been carefully prepared, .and the only answer that my dis States than there is to-day, and the future promises to make it tinguished friend from Iowa .can suggest is that these Revenue more useful and valuable than it has ever been in the whole Cutter Service officers do Lot perform shore duty at all, and in history of our great Republic. this it clearly appears that he is mistaken. The coming future holds out that promise to the Navy of our Well, now, what is the pre-tense for all of this, if yon will allow country, and the people everywhere are in hearty accord, in my me in the proper spirit to use that word, and I use it most re opinion, with all of its improvements and the assistance it will spectfully? What is it? Why, we know that under section 2757- have in extending and broadening the g~·eat commerce of this and it has been so since 1789~the President has the right to order country. Why, the history of the world shows that no people these Revenue-Cutter vessels to cooperate with the Navy at any have ever had any fear of the navy. It is not a navy that over time that he sees proper, or that the emergency requires, and it turns the liberties of the people. It is the man that wears the is for that reason that yon are asked to-day, as yon have been knapsack and the gun, and that is in the army on the land~ the asked in previous Congresses, to pass this kind of legislation. man .on horseba-ck, that the people have most cause to fear. Now, What eLse does the statute provide in that, and I call especial at I failed to read in that first instance the history of the Oocheco. tention to it? The great argument here is the inequality while The Coch~, with two men, left Charleston, December 26 bound on a J>leas they discharge the same duties, says my friend from New York ure trip in Florida waters. Heavy weather blew them to sea. When off St. Augustine, one of the men left her in quest of assistance and is supposed to IMr. SHERM.A.N]-the inequality of their pay. Why, a man in have been lost. The Boutwell came up to her ashore at the mouth of the St. this country, in my humble judgment, is not entitiled to any pay Johns River; took her in tow to Jacksonville. except that for which he labors and toils. Section4741 of theRe Let me give a more modern instance that serves ·to characterize vised Statutes is in words as follows, and I read it: the Cutter Service. The officers and seamen of the revenue cutters of the United States who havebeenormaybewoundedordisabledinthedischa.rgeoftheirdutywhile HEROIC RESCUE OF EA.'S CREW-TAKEN FROM STRANDED STEAMER WITH cooperating with the Navy, by order of the President, shall be entitled to be DIFFICULTY BY WRECKING TUG. pla.ced on the Navy pension list ·at the same rata of pension and under the NoRFOLK, VA.., March.~. same reg-ulations and restrictions as are provided by law for officers and sea~ Captain Gua.rey and crew of z:J men of the Spa.niBh steamer Ea, which men of the Navy. stranded and went to J)ieces off Cape Lookout last Saturday, reached Nor- This appears to put the Revenue-Cutter officer while he is act- folk this afternoon and left to-night on the Old Dominion Line for New York, from where they will ship for Spain. ing with the Navy on the same footing with nat"al officers. I am 'fhecreditforsavingthe liveso:f thecapt.aina.ndcrewisdue Captain Coley, not prepared to say how many have received the fruits of this of the wrecking tug Merritt, of this city. In order to get at the men, the benevolent provision of the law. Merntt towed the members of the life-saving crew to the windward of the . ·man, I ask yon dunn'g the conSl'dera~on of this bill wrecked steamer and let go, the storm driving them in thewayof the vessel, Mr. Chau IJJ.I and 12 of the men were taken off and towed to the Merritt. This was done have yon heard a word said about providing for the seamen men- the second fune1 the boat being almost swamped beneath every wave, and ..: d · th ctio of the law that I have 'ust read? N bod · finally the rema.ming members were aboard the tug. Here the S;paniards. ,11.10ne m e se n · J · 0 Y 18 not having eaten or drank for four nights and three days, were g'l.Ven food provided for in this bill except the officers of the Revenue-Cutter and water and warm clothing, they being nearly frozen and half dead from Service. That, in my opinion. is a marked injustice. The man, exposure. as I understand it, in all wars and in all great emergencies that Fl·om the Met·ritt they were transferred to the revenue-cutter Algonquin, tln·eatens the life of a government is the private soldier with a · where they remained until. brought~ this city. _ knapsack on his back and a gun in his hand. He it is who does . . I naturally presume if a detailed statement had been made, as honor and glory to his country, and he it is who makes the proud m the ca~e of the Oochee, t~at the mere fact that the~e 23 men of names and reputation of generals commanding. But in this bill t~e Spamsh steamer were transferr~d from t~ wrecking tug Ma nothing is said about making provision for the seamen. I detract ntt teen nothing from the names of the great military men of our country suffiCient ground for the officers of the Algonqutn to have clauned when I say this. the 23 Spaniards among thos~ whose lives were saved actually by Now, Mr. Chairman, I read first froni the report 'Of the Chief ~he reven"?-e cutter. If ~he drrector of the Revenue-Cutter Se:v of the Division of Revenue-Cutter Service published in 1897, and ICe had given us a detailed stateiD;en~ of the examples of as:;1Bt it is the only work that I have been able to see that gives a de- anpe up to the present date, as he di~ m 189?, pro~ably some.li~ht tailed account of the expen es. If there has been another, I rmght be shed on the number of lives cla1med m t~e maJonty should have been glad to get it. I have heard it discussed here report to have been actually save?-. ~ presume that if they had about the appropriation made for the Revenue-Cutter Service- made .a report on c:ases of the kind J~t above ref~ed to, the reciting the fact that the appropriation was equivalent to giving wrecking tug Mernl!would have been sunply ~n auxiliary to the the details, but in this book the details are given, and I would ~evenne cutter, and 1t would have been advertiSed that 23 Span not subject myself to the suspicion of engaging in something !Mds had been saved from -a. watery g1·ave by th;e dauntless. hero humorous and trying to ridicule this Cutter Service if it was not ISm of the officer~ of the Revenue-Cutter Semce. Th~t 18 ~he that I read from the book gotten up by the superintendent of the character of semce they perform, except wh~n cooperating With division himself. I treat the matter with the respect and gravity the Navy. ~ read the duties that the law reqnues o! the Reven_n~ it deserves. I read now from page 52 of that book, and I call qntter ~ce .. I read from the report of the chief of the diVl- especial attention to the caption: s10n, published m 1897: FROM JULY 1, 1896, TO JUNE 30, 1897. TJ.?.e ~uties of the Revenue-Cutter Service, o~cia.lly defined under the law, conSISt m the enforcement of all laws of the Uruted States affecting the mar The following examples of assistance rendered during the fiscal year end itime interests of the nation, the arrest and prevention of illicit traffic by the ing June 30,1 \fi', ate given as illustrative of the character and value of the sea; all navigation laws, compelling all kinds of craft navigating the waters seJ.'vices performed by the Revenue-Cutter Service in one of its many fields of the United States to comply with the local requirements in regard to doc of usefulness- uments, lights, steamboat inspection, and passenger laws, the quarantine laws, the rescue and succor of distressed vessels and crews; the drill and Mr. Chairman, it is a poor, unnatural creature that does not diScipline of life-saving crews, the supervision and construction of life give the best side of his own case. Ah, we are all biased by our saving stations, and the entire inspection of the work of that service· the snn·oundings. In all the com-ts of the country and in all the rela supervision of anchorage grounds established by law, the patrol and anchor tions of life self-interest suggests that we put our own side in its age of -,essels it St. Marys River, Michigan, etc. best light. This tendency governs the best of men in this country. These are the duties, and now I will state succinctly the objec I take it for granted the1·efore that they picked out the very best tions that I have to this bill. instances of that which would give character to the duties and First, it proposes, Mr. Chairman1 to retire civil officers on a the services they performed, and I will read them. I continue: pension of over $200 per month. By the steamer Boutwell. Date, January S, 1897. Location, month of St. Seeond, its passage as a law will mark the beginning of a policy Johns River, Florida. Yawl Cocheco. Home port, Providence, R.I. Num for the retirement of our Government employees when they reach ber of persons on boa1·d, 1. Pleasure trip. Twel-,e days from Charleston, 64 years of age on full pay. S. C., for Florida waters. Third, it proposes a 40 per cent increase of the present salaries And I reckon if they had made a detailed statement of the serv of the officers of the Revenue-Cutter Service by adopting the lon ices as they did in 1897, if they had m b..le it for the intervening gevity pay and fails to make any provision for the seamen of the years, they would have something of this kind in it. Let me go service. on and read some more of them, and there are not more than a Fourth, the bill proposes to retire officers in actual service and page and a half of them. give them higher pay on the retired list than they now receive on Date,April26, 1897. Location, Maypor~ St. Johns River, Florida. Sailboat. the active list. Number of pe!SOns on board,~· From Pilottown to Mayport. _ For instance, captains now in actiYe service receive S-2,500 per Whil~ a skiff under sail, w1th 2 persons on board, was crossing the St. Johns R1ver she was struck by a squall and capsized. The dingy from the year as their salary. Under this bill they would be retired at a Boutu;elL assisted two boats from the pilot boat Meta "in rescuing the occu salary of $2,625 per year for life. pants of the skiff, righting and towing her to the Meta, whereon the men Mr. HEPBURN. Mr. Chainnan, will the gentleman allow me were cared for. to interrupt him there fm; the purposes of a question? Do you propose to pnt that character of service in connection Mr. RICHARDSON of Alabama. Certainly I will, with a great wi~ the magnificent Navy of this country? There never was a deal of pleasure. pnghter or more hopeful prospect in the Navy of the United Mr. HEPBURN. I understand that one of the objections of .

3412 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE. MARCH 29,

the gentleman to this bill is to be found in the fact that no pro Now, Mr. Chairman, I see that my time is expiring. The great vision is made in it for the retirement of the enlisted men of the objection I have to this bill, after thesemanystatements aboutit, Revenue-Cutter Service. is the far-reaching and dangerous precedent that it establishes. Mr. RICHARDSON of Alabama. I hope I am mistaken about That is what Secretary Long was talking about. It is to-day but that. If it is, I should be glad to know that those privates are a cloud not larger than my hand on the governmental horizon; provided for. but it will not be long until that cloud will cover the entire gov Mr. HEPBURN. I want to ask the gentleman if he is in favor ernmentalhorizon withitsdarkshadows, and we will see the light of applying the retired principle to the enlisted men of the Army ning's flash and hear the thunder roll when it will be too late to and the Navy? retrace our step, after we have inaugurated this policy and Mr. RICHARDSON of Alabama. No; I am not. created a civil pension list in this Government. The powers will Mr. HEPBURN. You are not? be too strong after once intrenched to dislodge them. They will 1\fr. RICHARDSON of Alabama. No. dictate legislation. Such a policy as this bill fosters belongs to a Mr. HEPBURN. Then why do you m·ge this as an objection? monarchical form of government; it has not a place in the institu 1\Ir. RICHARDSON of Alabama. You mean the Cutter Serv- tions, principles, theories, and conceptions of this great Republic ice here? of ours. It is creating a preferred civil list for civil officers. It 1\fr. HEPBURN. To any service that we have? creates a pampered, favored class, and to show the drift of public Mr. RICHARDSON of Alabama. No. opinion I will ask the Clerk to read the paper which I send to the Mr. HEPBURN. Are you in favor of applying it in that way? desk. Mr. RICHARDSON of Alabama. No; I am not in favor of ap- The Clerk read as follows: plying the retired-pay principle to officers and soldiers of the Army. [Philadelphia Inquirer, March 22, 1902.] Mr. HEPBURN. No, no; to the enlisted men; that is what I PE ~siON "FOR SUPERANNUATED WORKERS. A disposition to make some better provision than the poorhouse for men want to know. You have m·ged here-, as an objection to this bill, and women who, after working hard all their lives, find themselves in their the fact that it does not provide for the enlisted men. Now, I old a~e without any means of support is one of the most salient and encoura~ want to know from you if you are in favor of applying the re ing signs of the times. It is a disposition which has been manifested in vari ous ways and in almost every direction; but there has been a more rapid tired principle to the enlisted men of the Army and the Navy and progress along that line of development in the Old World than there has the Cutter Service? been in the United States, so far at least as regards the intervention of the Mr. RICHARDSON of Alabama. In the first place, I do not Government. There are countries where a system of pensions :paid by the state has already been established. To bring about the institution of such favor the retirement of officers in the way it has been done here a system is the aim of the Socialist party in France, an aim toward whose at for some years past. But I will say this in answer to your ques tainment the Waldeck-Rousseau ministry has :plooged its assistance, while tion: That wherever you apply the principle of retiring and pay it is a well-known fact that to soothe the declining years of the worn-out worker and to save him from the humiliation of "going on the parish" has ing the officers. I think the privates who did their duty should long been one of Mr. Joseph Chamberlain's dearest ambitions. have the same benefits. He saw taken in the House of Commons the other night a step, though not Mr. HEPBURN. Now, will you favor a proposition to insert a very long one, toward its realization. The aged pensioners' bill, which then passed its second reading, embodies the ideas upon this subject which in this bill the principle extending retirement to the enlisted Mr. Chamberlain has frequently expressed. It is framed in such a way as to men? avoid discouraging its e~ctant beneficiaries in the exercise of thrift. and it Mr. RICHARDSON of Alabama. . No; because I am opposed provides that every working man and woman who shall have passed his or her sixty-fifth year shall receive, out of the public funds, a pension for life\ which, to the entire bill, absolutely and unqualifiedly. though necessarily small, shall be sufficient to insure a decent subsistence. Mr. HEPBURN. Then why do you urge that as a reason It is proposed that the money required, which is estimated at between fifty against the bill? and sixtv millions of dollars, shall be provided in equal parts between the local autborities and the National Government. And this radical measure, Mr. RICHARDSON of Alabama. I am opposed to it iii princi involving as it does a wide departure from all precedent, a measure which ple, spirit, policy, and theory-everything connected with it. not many years ago any Br1tish Parliament would have repudiated as revo When I was interrupted by my distinguished friend from Iowa lutionary, was passed on second reading without any serious opposition from either side of the House. [Mr. HEPBURN], I was enumerating specifically my objections to It is true that its enactment at the present session is not expected. The this bill. Mr. Chairman, I am glad here in this presence to say unsatisfactory condition of the national finances consequent upon the enor that I heard with delight and pleasure a few days ago the dis mous drain of the South African war renders the imposition upon the tax-. pa~g classes of a supplementary and avoidable burden impra-cticable at tinguished gentleman from Ohio [Mr. W .A.RNOCK] when he drew this time. The significant thing about what has happened is the ready and that magnificent parallel between the com·age and bravery of the virtually unanimous acceptance of the principle which underlies the pro Federal and the Confederate soldiers. His tribute was one posed innovation. the principle, namely, that the man or the woman who after a life of useful labor is left in old age without means of support has a worthy of the transcendent courage that he so graphically de right to ask that the community shall provide him and her with something scribed. It came from a broad mind and a heart :filled with noble better than the pauper's portion, and that the existence of a need for such and patriotic impulses. provision shall not be accounted a ~·ace. This is a widely different theory from that which still prevails and which has only lately been que tioned. At I admit that it :filled me, as an old Confederate soldier, with present public assistance is given to the aged needy, not as a right, but as a pride to hear him speak of those brave men as American soldiers. ~ratuity, from whose acceptance humiliation is inseparable. The new view I heartily congratulate him, and whenever an opportunity and Is that It can be claimed as a rig:ht and accepted with no more discredit than time comes to me to reward these brave men of the Federal attaches to the receipt of a military pension. Army and their widows no man on the floor of this House will "The new view," Mr. Chairman, as declared there in that respond to it more cordially than I will. [Loud applause.] That paper, a leading newspaper in this Republic, published in one of is the feeling I have about it, but I do not believe that it is right the largest cities of the United States-'' the new view'' is con· in this revenue-cutter bill to advance these officers and give them tained, yea, the germ of it lies latent, in this bill which we are immense pay upon a civil pension list and ignore the seamen, to-day considering. Now, it is time, when these thinge are being who do their duty and do the work. manifested, when these evidences are being given, for us to order I return now to my specific objections to this bill-the fifth a halt before we go too near this precipice. Inaugm·ate this one-and I want gentlemen to listen to it, as I have examined it, policy, Mr. Chairman, and why are not the officers of the Fish Mi'. Chairman, with all the care and ability that I possess in the Commission, of the Marine Service, and the various others I could short time that I have been a member of the Committee on Inter mention, to be added to the list? What evidence have we of this state and Foreign Commerce: By act of Congress authorizing a '' new view'' here in the bills now pending in this House tending permanent" waiting-orders list" in the Revenue-Cutter Service, to creating a civil-service pension list! on which list a captain, at his own instance and request, is placed Mr. GROSVENOR. Will it interrupt the gentleman to yield and receives a salary of $1,250 per annum. On the waiting list to me for an inquiry? under this bill such captain would receive a salary of $2,625 per Mr. RICHARDSON of Alabama. Not at all. annum. He is on the waiting list by the law, and he gets $1,250. Mr. GROSVENOR. I am delight..ed at the position the gentle Under this bill he would get $2,625 per annum. Examine for man takes in opposition to a civil-pension list, and especially yom·self the figures I give you. Are you going to do that? that Mr. Secretary Long is opposed to a civil-pension list. How In other words, an officer already retired, already drawing $100 does the gentleman from Alabama stand, and how does the Sec a month and something over that, unable to perform any service, retary of the Navy stand, upon the question out of which has under this bill will get something over $.200 per month. Paying grown in this country to-day practically a larger pension list a man for service that he can not render; taking him from a than there is in England, against whom you are inveighing? "waiting list," where he is now, where he is given wi~h his Mr. RICHARDSON of Alabama. Larger civil list? Do you own consent and on his own application $1,250, and putting him mean a larger military-pension list? on a retired list at $2,625. That is the bill, and no one can deny Mr. GROSVENOR. A larger civil-pension list, grown out of it. The question is pertinent. What reason is there for this ex the operations of the so-called civil-service law. traordinary liberality? And the sixth ground of objection is an Mr. RICHARDSON of Alabama. Oh, well; I would be very important one. It organizes and creates a separate and distinct glad to answer my distinguished friend from Ohio [Mr. GRO VE arm of the Navy, without imposing the obligations, discipline, NOR] in any way that I can. I do not know much about that, and responsibilities of the Navy. but I can tell you cheerfully that I have never had much patience 1902. CONGRESSION·AL RECORD-HOUSE. 3413 with the civil-service policy, except as to the consular service and As I said before, it is against tl,le inspiration of our great Re some other duties. I believe that when the Republicans are in public, it is against the teaching and precept of all the great men power they should control the offices. I believe that they are and all the great parties in this country from the time of the able to find men in their own party that are good, honest, and organization of our Government down to date. Of all the lead straightforward enough to fill these offices, and I believe, too, ing statesmen, none of them have ever, that I know of, counte that when the Democrats are in power they ought to control nanced this idea of creating a civil-service pension list. Because the offices and fill them with Democrats. That is my idea about it. the President has the power under the statute to order the Mr. GROSVENOR. But under the administration of that law revenue-cutter vessels to cooperate with the Navy for the time 40 per cent of the cost of the administration of the civil-service being, we can not say that that takes from them the civil fea side of the Government is confessedly a civil-pension payment tm·es when they remain in the custody and under the care of the to-day. Nobody will doubt that, and yet when it comes to pen Treasury Department, where they have been for over one hun sioning the men who do the service in the Revenue-Cutter Service dred and ten years. [Applause.] of the country, Secretary Long seems to be condemning civil Mr. MINOR. Mr. Chairman, I desire to send to the desk and pensions. have read the following resolution: Mr. RICHARDSON of Alabama. I am frank to say that I am The Clerk read as follows: not acquainted with that feature. I have read what ex-Secretary Resolution adopted by the Grand Lodge of Ship Masters' Association at a of the-Navy, Mr. Tracy, and Secretary Long both said about this convention held in the city of Washington, D. C., January 23, 1902. bill, and I agree with them about it fully. I was delighted the Hon. WILLIAM P. FRYE, other day, Mr. Chairman, to hear that a distinguished gentleman Chairman Committee on Commerce, United States Senate: on this floor-and we all take pride and have pleasure in seeing Whereas there is now pending before your committee Senate billl0'25, for any member of this House promoted to higher honors and a more the promotion of the efficiency of the Revenue-Cutter Service; and responsible position-! was also delighted to hear the distin Whereas that service is universally recognized as a most import:tnt auxil iary in aid of commerce, in the enforcement of the navigation laws, and all guished gentleman from Massachusetts [Mr. MooDY], who will laws appertaining to maritime affairs; and soon take that gi'and portfolio, the Secretary of the Navy, vote on Whereas we deem it of the utmost importance that said service shall be the matter of the rule on this bill in a manner indicating his oppo maintained in the highest state of efficiency: Therefore be it R~olv e d by the Shiprnasters' Association in annual meeting assembled, sition to this bill. I say I was glad to hear him. That the Senate and House of Representatives be earnestly requested to enact Now, Mr. Chairman, look at the tendency, the trend, of the said bill into law. public mind. It behooves Congress more than it ever did on any J. A. WARD, Grand President. Attest: occasion at any period in the history of this country to use its E. G. ASHLEY, Grand Secretary. power in checking and stopping the increase and gi'owth of that civil-pension list. If it is true, as the distinguished gentleman Mr. MINOR. Mr. Chairman, I believe that completes the in from Ohio [Mr. GROSVE.."fOR] says about the civil-pension list that dorsement from every maritime organization of the United States, has already been created, then my argument is still stronger, and and they all favor this bill and every provision of this bill now be we ought not to go any further with it. Look at the different fore the House. In addition to these indorsements, numerous com bills introduced into this Congress. Here is one" to increase the mercial bodies, boards of trade, chambers of commerce, national efficiency of the public service by the retirement of superannu boards of trade, seven State legislatures, and numerous other ated employees." Here is one for "the retirement of Govern bodies, political and commercial, have indorsed this legislation. ment employees in the classified civil service and the establishment If at any time in my life I ever doubted the propriety and wisdom of a retirement bureau." Another for the "retirement of Gov of this legislation, these indorsements, coming to us as they have, ernment employees in the classified civil service without cost to would be ample justification for me to, in my feeble way, support the Government." Here is one for the appointment of a " super this bill most heartily. annuated commission.'' Another '' to prevent superannuation in I will not attempt to reply to the gentleman from Alabama at the classified civil service.'' Still another '' to classify the railway length; but I could not fail to notice a few of the observations postal clerks and prescribe their salaries." that he made while he was on the floor in reference to a letter REASONS FOR URGING SPECIAL LEGISLATION IN FAVOR OF RETIREMENT from the Secretary of the Navy, Mr. Long. Mr. Long wrote the FOR WEATHER BUREAU EMPLOYEES. letter referred to, but it applied to a bill then before Congress, (1) They work three hundred and sixty-five days in a year. Their hours and that was the Fifty-sixth Congi·ess. Mr. Long has never of duty are long. On the Pacific coast the first observation is made between written or spoken a word against the bill now pending in this 4.30 and 5.30 a. m., while on the Atlantic coast the offices can not be closed before ll p. m., and often later. They must be on the alert at all times to House. The objectionable features in that bill, if they wero ob detect the first premonitions of storm development, and remain constantly jectiona'tJe, have been stricken out, and this is a modification of on duty in order to distribute warnings that may be received at any moment. (2) 'they are subject to great _vicissitudes of climate, being required to that bill, ~ , gainst which the Secretary has urged no objection. serve, as the exigencies of the service may require, in almost any degree of Nine months after the Secretary, Long, had written that letter, latitude, from Alaska to the West Indies. · to which nference has been made, his chief, the lamented deceased (3) By reason of the pec.uliar organization of the service its employees are.~ his like officers of the Army-, in a great measure deterred from obtaining a fixea President of the United States, wrote an indorsement, in mes habitation or enjoying the privileges tha.t accrue to long residence in a com sage to tli s House, of the bill then pending; and it is admitted by munity. Changes of station generally operate to their ftria.ncial disadvantage. all that th:.s is a much more acceptable measure than that; yet the (4) It requires many years of experience in the Weather Bureau to be come thoroughly efficient in the higher duties of the service and constant President of the United States committed himself fairly and study is necessary in order to keep pace with the developments1 of meteoro squarely to the bill before the Fifty-sixth Congress. And I know logical science. The most efficient men are those who entered the service that if the Congress of the United States had passed that bill the when they were young and vigorous, and gained proficiency as a result of Presi dmr'~.r would have been more than delighted sign it. study of the weather conditions as they were daily presented. The observers to of the Weather Bureau are on guard to give warning when danger threat Nine months after the Secretary of the Navy had written that ens, so that measm·es of safety may be taken by those whose lives and prop letter refen-ed to, criticising the bill, I say, the President lent his erty are in jeopardy. indorsement to the same bill then pending before Congress; and And so it goes on, Mr. Chairman. It is already growing up in you have never heard a word of objection out of this great civil the railway service. We have various instances of it where they service reformer since that time. are regulating the retirement of their employees. Whenever you So much for that part of the case of the gentleman from Ala start that thing it is like knocking down a row of bricks-you hit bama. I was surprised, Mr. Chairman,.that a member of this the first one and they all follow after a while. It is tending to House would squander ten or fifteen minutes in talking upon a teach the public mind first to become reconciled to it and next letter written by a great Secretary pertaining to and touching a the Government will be asked to help in it. matter that is not before the House at all. · I t·ead now from the General Superintendent of the Railway He alsospokeofthedutiesof theRevenue-Cutterofficers. I say Mail Service in his annual report of 1901, in which he says that to him now that the duties performed by Revenue-Cutter officers this office has been very persistent in its efforts to secure some legislation are more valuable, more complicated, more in number, and re in the way of relief bill or superannuation act to provide for our perma quire greater experience and ability than the duties performed by nently disabled and worn-out clerks. any oth r officials of the Government of the United States. And They are all drifting that way. Now, Mr. Chairman, I see I say to him, in addition, that every officer in the Revenue-Cutter that my time has about expired, but I would like to publish, and Service knows that when the President so orders in time of war I ask leave to print some data that I have andam unable to read. it is not left to his discretion to say whether hewill go into active In conclusion I have to say that I have not one iota of partiality service in that war; but it is left to the President of the United or bias or prejudice about this matter. I am looking at it from States to issue his order, and every Revenue-Cutter and all the general broad standpoint, not whether these officers of the Revenue-Cutter officers are compelled by statute to cooperate Revenue-Cutter Service are worthy or not, not whether they dis with the Navy. That is provided for in section 2757 of theRe charge their duties efficiently according to their line of duty vised Statutes. that is not the question; but it is a far-reaching precedent that I say here and now that, notwithstanding the rema1·ks of the this bill creates; it is the far-reaching effect of it that once you gentleman from Alabama and the gentleman from Illinois, the get it started in this Government you can never stop it. Revenue-Cutter officers stand abreast of the naval officers or the

• 34J4 OONGRESSI-ON.AL .REOQRD-1I0IJBE. MARCH ·29.,

Army officer . They are as well equipped to pe1'form their du handling of :Small boats; compusition and official correspondence· ties in peace and war as the ..Army, the Navy, or the Marine lectures on.Professional subjects; na"rigation, practical tm.d theo~ Cro-ps. I say that the instructions and the duties of cadets on retica1; nautical surveying, practical and tbeoretical; magnetism board the training sb:ip, and.the·qualifi.cations required when they of 'iron ;.vessels; compensation of the compass; charts and tide are examined to enter as .cadets, are such that it can not be other tables; .Piloting; international law, if you please; arl.illery drill wise than that they must have the same requirements as Navy mark you artillery drill for these 'civilians,' so caTied; mathe and Army officers. matics; plane and spherical •trigonometry; gunne1-y (for these I make the further .assertion, and will lmdro:take to prove it "civil" employees, as we are asked to believe them so be), prac within the thirty minutes given me, that all this charge about tical and theoretical; inf;mtry tactics. the e officers being civil employees is ab olutely misleading. Who would nave thought it? Who would have supposed this They are a military branch of this Government and lmve so been was the curriculum, in view of the Temarks that .have been made characterized by every Secretary of the Treasury-since 1872; and by _gentlemen wl10 oppose this bill? Target practice, large and not only that, but some of the Secretaries of the Navy have so small guns; broads-word exercise-who would have believed that? characterized them. And reviewing :the history of this country What becomes of civilian theory? Then comes astronomy; laws from 1790 down to the present time, those statements have been relating to :navigation; signals, service and international codes· verified by the history of om· country for more than one hundred fenc1ng; pistols; hygiene; first aid to the injm·ed; resuscitatio~ years. From 1 90 down to the civil war and thewar'With Spain of the apparently drowned; mino1· surgery and the practi al use there never has been a bugle sounded or a drum tap beaten to of drugs, and 1 believe near1y eve1-ything is taught aboard the arms when the revenue-cutter officer have not responded and Chase that is taught in the Navy except danc1ng. They do teach have stood shoulder to shoulder with the Army and the Navy. dancing in the Navy. We have.nev_er _aaopted it in the Revenue Then why will.gentlemen insist here in this House that if this Cutter Service; we make tbe other fellow dance when we meet bill passes it simply provides for a civil pension list? Such are him in al'ID.ed conflict at·sea. [App1ause.] mark is absolutely misleading. Now, bere fo1lows the studies. Length of course in Naval Now, Mr. Chairman, I propose to enter into some details that Academy, iour years, and two years at sea, and at this point I have not been touched u-pon thus far and to give a history of this desire to ca11 attention to the fact that revenue-cutter cadets are .service from its inception do:wn to the ;present time. If the Rouse mucb more advanced in their studies when they ente1· the service will bear with me I will read from the record compiled from the as _cadets than naval cadets. I Temember las.t year in the ap statutes of the United ·States and orders from the Secretary of -pointment of a cadet to Annapolis. I orderea a competitive ex the TI·easury and the President of the United States. amination, and -the boy that _passed and took the .higbest prize This service was organized in 1790 by Alexander Hamilton, out of seven would have failed in an examination for cadet in the eight years prior to the organization of .the Regular Navy. It took 'Revenue-Cutter Service; but when -that boy went to Annapo1is an active part in the war of 1812. There is where this service "he -pa-ssed with .high honors. But these cadets must have a col began its military experience, in the :war of 1812; and thi-s branch lege education, or, in other words, they must be just about as far of the service covered itself with glory then as it has done on advanced when .they apply as cadets ana :have theh· examination -every occasion since that time. as the cadets that have been at Annapolis for two years at least. In the war -with Mexico a number of cutters cooperated with .And the.n,in addition to this, they must .go aboara to the train theNavy-as many .as could be spared from Jthe Revenue-Cutter ing ship Chase fol' two years. And, gentlemen, I desb.·e 'to say to Service at that -time. iin 1858 the cutter Ha1'1'iet Lane formed a this House that if I .had a son for whom I desii·ed a high educa part of the Paraguay expedition (this was in time of peace), and the tion and practical instruction to meet the tides of life, to stem services rendered by this ship were the most valuable of any in the the adverse currents that we are call-ed u_pon to stem in business fleet, as stated by the commanding officer of the squadron. Many and in other affairs of a practical nature, I would say that if he .of these vessels cooperated :with the Navy during the civil war, as could enter this service as a cadet and go aboard of the Chase far all know, and tbe revenue cutters were in acti:ve cooperation with two years and..receive this .instruction, that_he would be fitted lor the Navy during the recent Spanish war, as I will show later. any walk in life, except the great professions that .require special There are, approximately, 200 officers in this service, but by add training. · ing cadets the total number is about 220. Candidates for ap-pointment as cadets must be graduates of a Officers of the Revenue-Cutter Service are regularly commis .college o.r first-class higb school. Their examination is more se sioned and can be dismis ed in identically the same manner as vere than for entrance to -the Naval Aeademy. The following ,officers of the Army and the NayY. ·They are appointed by the subjects are enumeTated, and they must be -proficient in the e President and confirmed by the Senate~ They are .given rigid subjects: physical .and professional examination.s for entrance .to the serv Spelling, geography, history and Constitution of -the United ice, and for promotion to each of the grades above where they States, grammar, composition and -rhetoric, arithmetic, algebra, enter. The seamen are regularly enlisted for three years, uni -trigonometry, logarithms, chemistry, general information. formed the same as seamen in the Navy, drilled :with large and Now, that is the-starting point in this Service. The cadet must .small guns the same as in the Navy. Of the 229 officers who will pass a creditable examination in these studies, and then, in addi be affected by this measure, 88, or over 25 per cent, of them saw tion to this, he must take his ·two years' training aboard the active service in the civil war. Without casting any reflection training s"hip Chase. And I am told by disintere ted persons, upon the Navy, because God .knows I love ·the Navy as well as who are competent to judge, and who have boarded that ship, any man on this floor, it will be pertinent to remark in this con that there is no ship afloat -where the discipline is mo1·e strict and nection that in.the na-val service to-day there are scarcely 5 per the requirements more -severe than aboard of that training ship cent who saw service in that war. Cha.se. In view of-these studies, and in view of all othel' requil'e In glancing over the minority report upon this bill (S. 1025) my ment -proficiency in -target -practice, in the handling of rifled eye fell upon this paragraph; cannon, in pistol shooting, cutlass, rifle, and infantl'y drills-lam surprised that some of these gentlemen do not propose to disarm Under the bill as recommended by the committee, every one of these tor pedo boat s or torpedo-boat destro-rers would have been .sub-jected to the the e "civilians," so called, and take their arms from them, to coiilllllLnd of a revenue-cutter captam if the two boats had happened to meet take the big guns from off the -ships and arm them with tooth in joint operations on detached duty. It ~eems to us that it would be ex picks ana bologna sausages. [Laughter.] tremely unwise to place naval officers, specially trained by the Government fm• the purpose, who JIUI.Y be in command of naval ve els, under the com Why, it is .ridiculous to make such charges on this .floor, that mand of re-ven~utter officers, who are without training in methods of war these officers are civilian employees. It seems so strange that fare when the latter happen to be serving on auxiliary duty with the Navy this great Government of ours will put aboard of the G?·eshmn, for in time of war. instance, 100 rifles, 100 1·evolvers 100 sabers and 4 rifled cannon, I want the House to remark those words, ':who are without with these so-called " c1vilians ' to .handle them. It is stntnge, training in methods of warfru.·e.'' Now, let us e.xamine and see indeed, is it not? what the studies are. Let us see what these officers have t<> at Engineer officers of the Revenue-Cutter Service are unlike en~ tain to-what the requirem~nts are unde1· the law and under the gineers in the merchant service. It has been charged that they 01·dera of the President of the United States. The studies puT are better _paid than the engineers in the merchant service. I am -sued on board the Chase, and that, by the way, is the training here to deny that proposition, and I am ready to furnish the proofs. ship for Tevenue-cutter cadets, are of a stl'ictly technical charac The engineers in this service mustoe better equip_ped than en ter and a1·e such as to fit the cadets for their duties as l'eveiJ.ue gineers in the merchant service, inasmuch as they are required cu.tter officers. The com·se lasts two years, and it embraces the to be graduates of technical colleges when they e.n.ter the lowest following subjects, the regular officers of the service being the grades in ·this service. MoTeover, they may at any time be de instructors. We do not have to go outside to .hire professors; we tailed to design and superintend the construction or repairs of furnish om· own professors. The revenue-cutter .officer is the machinery of the revenue cutters, and they must be qualified to teacher. Now, what does it teach these cadets? respond when called. They are also detailed to inspect all the Seamanship, practical and theoretical; nomenclature, wooden materials entering into the construction of the hulls, machinery, and steel :vessels; rules of the road; law of -storms; -sailing and and equipments of .the vessels of the service. ..All machinel'y is 1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 3415

designed by officers of the service themselves, and they :receive fact, as they have frequently been put in cooperation with the no assistance from outside experts, as is the case with merchant Navy in peace times, notably in the Bering Sea patrol and in vessBls. On board ship they mus~ drill the men in their force. the joint cooperation for the suppression of filibustering along Now, think of it, in view of what has been asserted by the oppo~ the southern coasts prior to the Spanish war. During the Span~ sition, the engineer force, if you plea-se, must be drilled in the ish war such cutters as were not cooperating with theNavy were handling of large and small guns. What is the matter with these detailed to cooperate with the Army, and did very efficient wm·k civilians again! And they must be drilled in the various evolu~ in the guarding and patrolling of the submarin~mine fields which tions which are required on armed vessels of the Government. were located in all the principal harbors. It will be proper for me to say at this point, Mr. Chairman, I desire to speak just for a moment of one o.f the officers in that that the engineers of tfle Revenue~Cutter Service are just as effi~ service, as I think his name will be familiar enough, and the cient, and I have it from high sources in the Navy that some of House will agree with me that he is entitled to some considera~ them are more efficient than the average engineer in the naval tion. 1 speak of Lewis N. Stodder, who was a master in theNavy service. These men, who are drawing the magnificent sum of during the civil war, who volunteered to pilot the Monitor dur~ $1,800 a year. and some only $1,500, are able -to take the material ing her memorable fight with the Men'imac, and to Stodder's from which the engines and boile1·s are made, in its crudest state slrill a-s a pilot on this floating fighting machine much is due for pig iron, if you please-and convert it into steel, and by their the victory won that day. He is the sole surviving officer of that drafts and designs convert it into engines and boilers, air pumps, historic vessel, and is at present a captain in the Revenue-Cutter condensers, and propelle'r wheels, and they do it themselves, with~ Service, on duty in New York City as supervisor of anchorages. out calling outside assistance. They can determine its tensile And I might say right here in this connection, 1\f.r. Chairman, strength, its ductility, and everything about it. and they know that until two years ago.another officer of thi.s service (Lieutenant when it is fit to go into this machinery. They do not have to go Howard) distinguished himself in the civil war, but he died to an expert or professor to teach them that duty. two years ago, covered with glory and filled with patriotism, How often in the merchant service do you find an engineer who and always ready to meet the demands of his country in peace or is even capable of setting up an engine rn proper shape? It is not in war. I desire to say also that there is now in the Revenue~ expected of them. Even after the engine is constructed not one Cutter Service a liPutenant who was an assistant engineer on the out of ten of them can put it into the boat so as to get the best Men'imac during her conflict with the Monitor, and he is a brave results. And yet, Mr. Chairman, many of these engineers in and worthy officer. the merchant service are receiving t~day, right on the lake Now, then, Mr. Chairman, I have briefly outlined the history which is in front of the district represented by the gentleman of this service, and if I have stated it correctly, I ask any man from Illinois [Mr. MANN], greater compensation than some of how he can consistently characterize it as a. civil-service branch these officers on boat·d our cutters. of this Government? I say now and here that it is a part of the Now, gentlemen, this idea of their being inspectors of the life~ military force of this country, and so long as the Navy and the saving stations has already been exploited. We know there is Army have been given the distinguished honor and emolument no question but what the Life-Saving Service owes its efficiency th-at ac01·ne to them by reason of the retired list, I say you can to the revenue~cutter officers. I have stations in my district; not consistently deny the same honor and the same advantage to I have a station within 4 miles of my own home, and I know the revenue-cutter officers. Yon talk to me about these officers that regularly twice a year a 'first lieutenant of this service comes being civilians. They are civilians in time of peace in a way, and there to drill and practice with that crew, and I know that if he so are the naval officers, as well as the A.l"'D.y officers. Thank God did not come that service would not be as efficient as it is, though we are not always at war. We are a nation of peace.,. bu~ when I think that station has the best captain and crew I ever saw. war comes we are mighty, either in the Army or the Navy or the Now. as to the armament of revenue cutters. The vessels in Revenue~Cutter Service. the Revenue-Cutter Service and the naval vessels are the only Mr. RICHARDSON of .Alabama. Will the gentleman allow cla-sses of Government ships which are armed; and yet-I hearl!i me an interruption? the gentleman say yesterday, while opposing the rule to consider Mr. MINOR. Why, certainly. this bill, that ligh~house boats and marine-ho~pital boats were Mr. RICHARDSON of Alabama. It is a fact~ is it not, that on all fours with the Revenue~Cutter Service, and that they the nature and the character of the Revenue~Cutter Service have formed a part of the blockading fleet off Santiago and Habana. not changed since it was organized in 1790? Let me state to the gentleman that there were revenue cutters Mr. MINOR. No. I said "No." I want to qualify that. It there, and every revenue cutter was under a revenue-cutter offi has changed to meet conditions as they arose. Originally, in 1790, cer, and every light~hou e boat and hospital boat was commanded the cutters were sailing boats, small sloops, and two-masters. 100 by a naval officer detailed for that purpose. There is the dif~ or 150 tons burden. To~day they are steamship$.; some of them ference. measure 1,400 tons and are able to travel 20 miles an hour. · They never expected that a revenue cutter should be under The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman from Wisconsin any other command than arevenu~cutter officer. He is equipped has expired. at all times for peace or war. He reads the signals from the :flag~ Mr. SHERMAN. Mr. Chairman, I yield five minutes more to ship and follows the evolutions as dil·ected, and he fights like an the gentleman. American citizen for his cotmtry and its flag. Every revenue Mr. MINOR. It has been asserted here, Mr. Chahman, that cutter is provided with rapid~fire guns of the most improved type. these revenue~cutter officers are:amplypaid for services rendered. Each vessel is fitted with a magazine. In the magazine are It is said in the minority report that the duties are not laborious, modern rifles, a cutlass, and a Colt's navy revolver for each man not arduous, not· extremely dangerous. I assert that all that is in the crew, and they are taught how to use them effectually in wrong and misleailing; but granting that it may be so for the time of war. In the Spanish~ American war the revenue cutters sake of argument, I desire to say that I had occasion last night to which cooperated with the Navy carried a total of 61large guns. go through what is called the Blue Book, where all the ~mployees Now, let me stop right here to remark in the gentleman's oppo~ of the Treasury Department are listed and their salaries given. sition to the rule to consider this bill he was very careful not to Now, I do not want to reduce the salary of a single employee of· mention anything about these- boats that were cooperating with the Govm'D.IIlent. I know what it costs to live in Washington. I the Army. I find that in addition to the cutters that were coop~ have been here eight years with a family, and there is no place erating with the Navy and carrying 61large guns that 7 reyenue like it. They will beat yon by day and they will beat you by cutters were cooperating with the Army, carrying 13 guns, which night. Itisaskingame fromstarttofinish. [Laughter.] There~ the gentleman purposely, carelessly, or unintentionally omitted fore I have no desire to cut down the salary of a single person of from his statement. The larger cutters ru·e fitted with a 15~inch the Treasury Department; but this will, I think, strike the House torpedo tube, and in a very short time, on account of their great as remarkable. speed, can be fitted up as torpedo boats, and when thus fitted they I toolr up the list of female clerks in that Department, and Lord do not have to detail a naval officer to command them. These knows I love them all and have no desire to see their salaries cut, modem r·evenue cutters are the fastest ves els of their size and and theyknowit [laughter]- type in the country. They average from 5 to 7 knots an nom 1\lr. DAHLE. Even if they are 80 years old. faster than ves els of the same size in the Navy. Mr. MINOR. Yes; age makes no difference for purposes of And, further, illustJ:ating the competency of these revenue this discussion. [Laughter.] Now, I found one receiving $1,800, cutter officers, they design their vessels, they inspect the rna~ or the same as a first lieutenant or chief engineer of this service. :rials that enter into them, they supervise their construction, they A first lieutenant, wb.o takes charge of the machinery aboard one have the selection of the material that goes into the engines, they of these great cutters that is armed to the teeth, and who is re~ design them, they draft them, and supervise their construction, sponsible for the lives of these men; who goes to sea and stays and put them into the boat when completed, and not one has ever there nine~teuths of the time, and who is an able and efficient failed to meet the requirements set forth in the specifications. officer, able not only to command one ship but to command a fleet In the views of the minority it was stated that the revenue cutters of them, he receives the same pay as this one woman does, ·who cooperate with the Navy only in time of war. Such i.s not the worb in a comfortable office about six hours each day. I found ..

3416 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE. I MARCH 29,

32 women receiving 1,600, $100 more than a second lieutenant or Mr. MANN. I simply wished to know whether the gentleman a first assistant engineer. Think of it! The second lieutenant, was proceeding in his attitude toward this bill on the theory that under the rules and regulations, is required to step upon the the revenue-cutter ves els are of the same size and power as the bridge of one of these cutters and take her to any port in the_world naval vessels, because I call the gentleman's attention to the fact · where there is water enough to float her. He is responsible for that the largest vessel in the Revenue-Cutter Service is of less the property, responsible for the lives of the people aboard of his than 900 gross tons. which would har<;lly fill the spa~e of a coal ship, and yet he receives leBs pay than each of these 32 women. apartment in a naval vessel. ';rhen there are 105 of these ladies receiving $1,400 a year, or Mr. HENRY C. SMITH. Well, I have seen a number of big $200 more than a third lieutenant or a second assistant engineer. men who did not do a big amount of work, and I have seen some Think of itt A second assistant engineer or a third lieutenant, small men and some small boats that were fully ready for effect no:&.inated by the President for life, confirmed by the Senate, ive duty, as I will show farther on. adorned with shoulder straps, which I know is objectionable to Mr. MANN. I do not question that. some people, but they are an honor to their country, and they Mr. HENRY C. SMITH. It is not the size of a boat or the stay in that service and perform substantially the same duty as size of a navy or the size of a man that actually controls this the Army officers and the same as the naval officers. I find also question. It is the efficiency of the Service that I talk for, and I that 224 ladies receive 1,200 a year, or the same as a third lieu want to say that, in my judgment, this Service and the men that tenant and a second assistant engineer. I say the time has come are in it, who are as honorable men as there are in our country, when some measure of justice, so long withheld, should be meted have been shamefully overlooked, misused, and snubbed, socially out to the e men. They are patriots; they are efficient men; they and every other way, by the men of the Navy, who want them to are educated men; they deserve well at your hands. They have become and be subordinate to them. always bared their breasts to the leaden hail fn time of war; they I want to say another thing. They may not have as large boats hav~ ever been ready and willing to protect this country and its under their command, and they have not a.s large salaries, I am flag. [Applause.] sure. They may not have as much influence, and an order re Mr. HENRY C. SMITH. Mr. Chairman, the title of this bill cently went out from the' Treasury Department that they should is ' To promote the efficiency of the Revenue-Cutter Service," not even write a letter or have a conference with a Congressman and such is its purpose. I am in sympathy with the sug or any other representative of the Government looking toward gestion made by Secretary Long in his letter to this commit the betterment of their condition. But while it may be true that tee last year, where he says that this service ought to be a part they do not sail such large boats, do not stand so high socially, I of the Navy. I believe that one of the evils of this Government, want t.o say that no member of this organization ever objected to and a growing evil, is the duplication of bureaus-the duplication the promotion in the ranks of a young man who was efficient and of material and officers of aJl kinds. I never could understand, in every way qualified for the place simply and solely on the indeed it was a revelation to me to know that a service of this ground that he did not have the social culture, the social stand character, both of the magnificence and strength of the revenue ing, and the social refinement to entitle him to the place. cutter boats, armed with guns and appliances. fit to wage battle One of the evils of our Navy, and of our Army, too, is this against any fleet, was a part of the Treasury Department of this social aristocracy. [Applause.] I do not care whether a man Government. belongs to the Army or the Navy or the Revenue-Cutter Service, It seems to me to be an anomaly that this should be under the the official who says-and puts it in black and white-that a man control of the Treasury of the United States, which results and shall not be promoted because of his want of family, because of must result in a duplication of armament, in a duplication of his want of social refinement or standing, expre ses ideas that supplies, in a duplication of material, and in a duplication of men. are abhorrent to the growth and the dignity and the honor of And while I might more readily favor and support a measure American manhood. [Applause.] which joined this with the service to which it naturally belongs, While these men on this Service may not man as large boats as in my judgment, that we might have a greater, a grander, and a the gentlemen of the Navy, I want to say to you that they are larger and stronger Navy under one single and controlling head, manning boats; they are not in command of office desks. I wish and that while I believe much is lost of the efficiency and of I might embody in my remarks this cartoon that appeared in the power in the disputes and contentions as to what officer shall Post yesterday morning of your gentlemen of the Navy sailing control and what policy shall prevail, at the same time, in the the seas on office desks, seated in easy chairs, entitled the investigation I have given this subject, I have become satisfied " Squadron that Sweeps the Spoils." that this service of our Government has not received fair treat The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman has expired. ment; and I am satisfied that this bill will in a measure at least Mr. HENRY C. SMITH. May I have five or ten minutes right the wrong that has been done to those who, I believe, are more? our best educated, best trained, and most efficient men. Mr. SHERMAN. Certainly; I will yield the gentleman ten Mr. MANN. Will the gentleman allow me a question? minutes more. Mr. HENRY C. SMITH. I will. Mr. HENRY C. S~IITH . And I for one, while it is in my mind, Mr. MANN. The gentleman referred a moment ago to the was pleased that the President of the United States in his message immense size of the revenue cutters. May I ask him if he has in saw fit to call the attention of Congress to this evil of men in the formed himself of the size of the vessels of the Revenue-Cutter Navy and Army holding civil positions; men educated at Govern Service? ment expense to fight the battles of the country seated to-day in Mr. HENRY 0. SMITH. I do not pretend to have the accu Washington and other places behind mahogany desks, in easy rate and technical information that the gentleman from Chicago chairs, drawing the salaries of civilians; and I honor the President has. I have not had an opportunity to confer with the gentle for that part of his message in which he says it is their duty to man, but in a general way-- get out upon the soas and to follow the fortune or the fate of the Mr. MANN. I am giving you that opportunity now. flag. Statistics furnished me show 585 graduates of West Point 1\Ir. HENRY C. SMITH. Yes, sir; I appreciate it; and I thank and Annapolis to-day holding civil po itions. Now, my friend "the gentleman kindly for this school of information. But in a from Chicago, I ask you to name a man who was ever in the general way I have some information on the subject; and I have Revenue-Cutter Service who holds a place behind any office desk gained some from the report submitted to a~company this bill, in this world. which says that the boats of the revenue service now being con Mr. MANN. Yon do not really want it, do you? structed are of substantially the same strength, the same size, Mr. HENRY C. SMITH. I could not live if you did not give and the same efficiency as the great boats that are being built for it to me. theNavy. - Mr. MANN. Because there are quite a number of them. Mr. MANN. May I call the gentleman's attention to the fact Mr. HENRY C. SMITH. I have another argument that ap that in the Official Register- peals to me in favor of this service. Perhaps by reason of my Mr. HENRY C. SMITH. I have that "Blue Book." I have birth and early training I am a man of peace. I should be a man had sufficient influence to secure a copy, and have acquainted ·of peace, and I always hope to be a man of peace. It was the myself somewhat with the information therein contained. But I doctrine of my father and mother and for generations before them. will permit the gentleman to put that in his speech when his I may have fallen a little from the high estate of the honest time comes. Quaker, but I still cling to the old faith of peace on earth and Mr. MANN. Then the gentleman does not care to have it in good will toward men. his speech, as it might break the symmetry of his remarks. Now; the sole purpose of the Navy and the sole purpo e of the Mr. HENRY C. SMITH. Well, I expect everybody will read Army is to take life. · The purpose of this Department, except your speech and very few will read mine. Therefore the country when commanded by the Commander in Chief of the Army and will be far better served if the gentleman will embody it in his Navy to do so, is the business of saving life. They are engaged speech, where the country will see it. I appreciate the gentle in the undertaking of taking life only at such times as the perils man's kindly generosity and thank him for it, and trust that he of war warrant their being called into service. For this reason will now be content t.o let me proceed. I am able and willing and pleased to support this bill. 1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE.

Mr. SHACKLEFORD. Does the Navy take life at any other officers who_meet viC!lep.t_ deaths in line of duty is greater in the Revenue Cutter SerVIce than It ISm the Navy. The officers and men of this service time? You say these people take life only when it is necessary. have made sled journeys of hundreds of miles over the roughest kind of Does the Navy take life at any other time? country in their attempt to carry relief to the shipwrecked whalers. Mr. HENRY C. SMITH. No; I think not. I would not im Both officers and men are proud of their orgaruzation. The cleanliness of the shiJ?S and the gener~l. discipline maintained s_how t~a:t all hands are im agine they did. bued With the best traditions and customs of effiment military service. Mr. SHACKLEFORD. I thought you were arguing that it did. The work of the Revenue Marine is amoredangerousoccupation than that Mr. HENRY C. SMITH. No, sir; they do not take life except of the Navy, because the duty of the first org"anization is to police the coast while the ~avy _r~lly pollees the ocean.. It lS seldom that a ship is now lost in time of war, but I have yet to learn that they of the Navy ever at~- It Iscrmsmg along th~coast that IS dangerous, and this is the special went out into storms hunting for chances to save life. [Applause.] provmce of the Revenue Manne. Mr. SHERMAN. And they do not take their lives in their Every reason that can be given for the creation of a retired list for the !>-rmy and Navy is applicable to that of the Revenue-Cutter Service. There hands at any other time. IS not a. day when every man in all three organizations is not subject to call Mr. HENRY C. SMITH. No; it is not a perilous business. for perilo~ ~uty: The perl?Onnel of all three bodi~ is subject to military as [Laughter.] The safest business in all this world is to be a high ~ell ~ to Civil tria~ f~r yanous offe~es. In entermg all three services the civilnghts of the mdiVIdual are abridged and military responsibilities as officer in the Navy of the United States. [Laughter and ap sumed. plause.] It always has been safe, and it will be a good deal safer The pay received by the officers of the Revenue Marine is not at all com since our last brush with Spain, because, in my judgment, there me~urate with the service rendered. The uniform of these officers differs but l:ittle from that.of offi~rs of the Navy. As the work of the service is in will be no people on the face of the earth that will ever get within tropi~l as well as I?- ~rctw W!lo ters, the officers are obliged to keep on ha.nd gunshot of us again. [Applause.] clothing of a~ de~nptions_. Smce the C!nly allowance given the personnel of But what I was going to suggest was that I want to call atten the orgaruzation IS a ":r:ation" amountmg to about 30 cents a day, it is nec essary for all the marr1e~ officers to practically keep up their individual tion to some of the appropriations of Congress for these two De homes, as well as to contribute a share of the mess expenses on board ship. partments that do nothing but take life and some of the appro priations for this Department which does nothing but save life. The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman has expired. Now, the appropriation for this Department is a little over a mil Mr HENRY C. SMITH. I should like two minutes more. I lion dollars. In 1894we appropriatedsomethingovertwenty-four have just one word further that I wish to say. millions for the Army; in 1895, twenty-five millions; in 1896, Mr. SHERMAN. Certainly; I will yield five minutes to the twenty-three millions; in 1897, twenty-four millions, and so on-I gentleman if he wishes it. will supply the figures later-in 1900, eighty millions; in 1901, Mr. HENRYC. SMITH. The minority of this committee make one hundred and fourteen millions; in 1902, one hundred and no answer to the report of this Admiral. They make no dis fifteen millions. claimer of what he says, of the facts he states; but they say that Now, let us turn to the Navy: In 1894we appropriated twenty certain other services are just as much entitled to this considera two millions; in 1895, twenty-five millions; in 1896, twenty-nine tion as this service. millions; in 1897, thirty millions; in 1898, thirty-three millions; Now, in conclusion, I want to call attention to this: The first in 1899, fifty-six millions; in 1900, forty-eight millions; in 1901, cannon shot fired from any gun on any vessel in the war of the sixty-one millions, and over seventy millions by the last Congress. rebellion came from a revenue cutter; and is there any doubt of Now, I submit that it is a better policy to appropriate large the gallantry and efficient service of Capt. D. B. Hodgson, who sums for this Department that saves life. Now, what do the offi commanded the McCullough, the first boat that fired a gun in cers say? These great boats of the Navy go out onto the deep Manila Harbor? He, with the McCullough, was surveying in sea; they are out in midocean, where in reality there is little the port of Hongkong, engaged in an occupation of peace, but danger. the cable of the President of the United States warned him to They patrol and police the far-out waters. These revenue cut prepare immediately to engage in a naval battle which was to ters hug the shore, the rocky places, the shoals, and the places change the history of the world, and he steamed forward and was of danger. That is where these men are to be found, and I want the first man at Manila to fire a shot in the engagement that sunk to call attention to and make as a part of my remarks the state the Spanish fleet and sent down the Spanish flag. I believe that ment made by Admiral Melville in speaking of this service. He men of this chara.cter, who do this kind of work, should stand on says: an even plane and be entitled to the same protection, the same conditions, at equal salaries with the officers of the Navy. [Ap Although the Revenue-Cutter Service is, under existing law, under the cognizance of the Treasury Department, yet it is, always has been, and must plause.] necessarily be a military maritime organization. The service by law is made Mr. MANN. I yield fifteen minutes to the gentleman from to enforce every statute that pertains to the protection of the counb"'Y. Arkansas [Mr. LITTLE]. That is the business of this department. They patrol the coast The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Arkansas [Mr. LIT- for those who are violating the revenue laws, who are violating TLE] is recognized for fifteen minutes. . any of the laws of our country. This great Navy, for which we Mr. LITTLE. Mr. Chairman, I had not intended to engage in appropriate such large sums, is simply brought into requisition any general discussion of this measure at this time, but the argu for actual service and actual good in times of war, except that I ment of the gentleman who has just taken his seat [Mr. HENRY believe it is our duty to have a large Navy, a strong Navy, and C. Smrn] would be sufficient, so far as I am concerned, to cause a strong force, to be able to assert our rights and to maintain me to oppose this bill. the dignity of the country at all times. The fact that the Army or the Navy, or both branches of the It is strikingly significant that just as soon as war is declared the service servic~, are overpaid, if they are, is to my mind no argument and is practically drafted into the Navy and incurs every danger and peril that no satisfactory reason why the pay and privileges of the Revenue the r egular men-of-war are subjected to. Does it not seem paradoxical that Cutter Service should be increased. The truth is, Mr. Chairman, the men and ships of this organization are presumed to be in condition to be drafted at immediate call to the work of war and yet be not disciplined that I have never yet been able to find any good reason why any enough to fulfill the duties of the Navy in time of peace. class of the military or other service of the Government of the Such are the words of the man who knows what he is talking United .states should be entitled to pay after retirement. I do about. These men who are patrolling the seas, collecting the not beheve that the man who voluntarily gives his services to revenues, boarding boats, and looking after the interests of the the Army, to the Navy, or to the Revenue-Cutter Service or to Government, are expected to be sufficiently efficient on a mo the purely civil ~ranches of the Government, or to Congr'ess, if ment's notice to take charge of their boats, to man the guns, to you please, can give any good reason why he should receive pay in fight the battles of our country; and yet the minority here say the nature of a pension after he has passed the age of his useful that in times of peace they should not rank with the Navy. ness and after enjoying his salary while engaged in such service. I call the attention of the gentleman from Illinois [Mr. MANN] . T~e t:nth ~s that the high order of pay and the high order of to~: . distmction given to some branches of the public service in this coun~y has givenlife to a socialand l!lilitary class of aristocracy The ships that have been constructed during the past five years for this service will compare very favorably, in speed and armament, with the best descnbed by the gentleman who has JUSt taken his seat and we of the Navy gunboats. &hOuld rather seek to correct the evils on that line, whlch will For over forty years I have seen the ships and known the men of the Reve only be increased by this bill. The truth of the business is that nue-Cutter Service. I have watched these vessels leave port upon the ap 1 proach of a gale to patrol the coast in the hope of rendering assistance to to continue this whole system of legislation, to my mind, strongly any ships that might have been unfortunate enough to have been cast on ~n~ toward the building up of an official class, an aristocracy the beach. I have seen these revenue ships in the Arctic Ocean hanging close m this country, as contradistinguished from the American citi to the ice pack, so as to afford immediate relief in case any of the whalers should be nipped in the floe. It is because I have seen this heroic work done zen. [Applause.] tha. t I have carefully studied the work of the organization. For over fifteen The eulogies paid by the gentleman to those connected with the yru.rs I have had personal conferences with the superintendent and engineer Revenue-Cutter Service is an uncontradicted testimonial of its m chief of the service, and I know of the efforts that have been made by these executive heads to only take into the commissioned personnel young efficiency. I have heard no complaint that the service is decay men of character, professional efficiency and high integrity. ing, or that the service is becoming less efficient now than it ha.s As for the engineers of the organization, their -professional training and been. The Service has been eulogized by every gentleman who education have bc-ovn of such nature that ina shorttimeiwould have no hesi tation in intrusting to their charge the care and management of the ma has advocated this bill. If under the present laws, with the pres chinery of our best war ships. I believe that the percc1:tage of men and ~nt pay and with the present privileges, th.~y secure for this 3418 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. MARCH 29,

branch of the service thoroughly efficient service, I know of no clas of peoJ>l~, the real heroes, that in every struggle of theRe reason why it ought to be changed. This service, like the semce public from its inception down to this time, who, when danger in the Army and the Navy, is not a compulsory service. There is abroad in the land, do not wait for orders, but rush to the is no -service of the Government, -civil <>r military, that is a com rescue ofth~ir homes and their countl.'y. Do not build up these pulsory service. If it was compulsory, and a man compelled or classes while those honest, patriotic men who love their country obliged to spend his life in that service, for which he is not paid because they ho,pe their countl·y will allow them in the race of sufficient to save something for ·a rainy -day, then there might be life to enjoy equal rights and common protection-do not put some excuse for taking care of him in his old age. before th~m the picture of the injustice., and, in its ultimate In other words, if yon have compelled the service yon would be consequences, the iniquitous proposition of giving men service under obligations to protect him from want when he is too old pay or longevity pay after you have paid them ample salaries. and otherwise incapable of 1·endering that service. It is claimed It will not be calculated to make the bone and sinew of the on one side that the duties in the Revenue-Cutter Service ·are country love their Government more. .Any law that leads in the largely military, and on the other that they are purely civil. I direction tnat those in the military service or in any other serv do know that this service in time of pea-ce lies along the lines of ice of the Government are for that reason entitled to more be~ the civil duties of the country. We know that this service is neficence from this Government than the honest man who by where it <>ught to be, under the control of the Secretary <>f the his daily struggle earns his bread, but, who has never been per Treasury. The e men may be called upon to perform ·perilous mitted to enjoy the privileges of a lucrative salary, is pernicious duties at times. There is hardly a branch of the active executive and wrong. If we continue upon the com·se already begun, if duties involved in the Government that does not carry with it we take the one step by passing this bill and place these 300 some chances and some dangers. officers in this category with first an increase, as the report states, You might. as well tell me that the depu.tymarshal or the mar- averaging 40 per cent of their salaries, and not only that, we . shal who takes his gun in his hand or his pocket and goes out to give to them the service pay, which is a certain per cent addi round in the wild-catters and gets killed, that their service being tional ;for the time they have served, and beyond that retiring so perilous they ought to be pensioned after they go out of office. them at the age of ·64 or upon the certificate of an examining Ah, this is simply a growing evil. It is no answer to me that board approved by the President, carrying them to a permanent those in the .A.Tmy enjoy retired pay; it is no answer to me that waiting list, with compensation at full pay for life, I ask you, those in the Navy enjoy retirement and service pay. It is no gentlemen, where it will all ena? As was well said by the gentle argument that this service should receive it, because I do not man from Alabama [Mr. RICHA.RDSO~], who preceded me,it is to believe lt .ought to be given to anyoorvice in this country. Om· not only retil·e them, but to retil·e them on greatly increased Federal judiciary receive retirement pay. Tha;t is no rea on why pay. that evil ought to be extended any fm·ther than it is. The truth Mr. RIC.II.ARDSON of Alabama. Will the gentleman ~ow is, if I b.ad the opportunity, and if I had the -power, I would take me .a suggestion? it .away from all those who now enjoy it. [Loud applause.] Mr. LITTLE. Yes. When a man undertakes to do duty for a fixed salary I would Mr. RICHARDSON of Alabama. Not only that, but you give t>ay bim that salary, .and would pay him a alary that would be them larger pay than the corresponding officers receive in the suffi-cient compensation for the -service rendered. If it was not, Navy. · th-en the salary ought to be directly increased; but I would not Mr. LITTLE. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman fol' the say to the men who were enjoying the fat places of the land and suggestion.; that was one proposition that I had not discovered in the high .offices of the land, where exertion is in a la.rge ·measure the brief investigation I have given the bill. But it only shows-the laid aside, that because they had the pie and stood at the pie tendency -of the times. By this bill you put these men and their counter until they are 64 years old that after that time they should salaries at more than those enjoy for like offices in the nayal serv , be retired upon pay without rendering any se1'Yice. ice, TO:morrow some friend will come.an.a present a bill, saying I would rather, sir, if l had to make my choice between the that it is an injustice to the American Navy that you are paying two propositions, turn my ceyes to the real heroes of the country; these men in a civil branch of the Government more salary than I would tather go to the man who, in the fields, in the mines, and you are paying co1Tesponding officers in that great military arm in other industrial plll'suits, is striving day in and day out, through of the Government. No man will be heard to say let us reduce evil as well as good report, to earn enough to sustain himself and these salaries, for God knows that when once they take the step his family, and when he gets too <>ld to render that service to him ·upward, when :once a sa1ary is fixed at a certain amount, ~ou self when he has no protection except such as he may have been might just as well try to turn over the Rocky Mountains as to ub!e to lay up for a wet day, and bestow the gifts of the Govern rundertake to repeal a bill of that sort in the Congress of the ment upon him. Therefore, to my mind, while this man is strng United States. [Applause.] gling for his living I would rather give it to him than the man MT~ COCHRAN. Mr. Chairman, this bill brings to the tten who is enjoying the fa.t salary, and the fat place, and holding the tion of Congre s -a subject of the utmost importance. Shall we office , when there are thousands of men equally as competent e tablish a civil pension list? Undoubtedly the constabulary of who would be glad to enjoy such 'Privileges. the .revenue department, a bureau of the T1·easury Department, Mr. Chairman, the very example cited in the two instances re perlorms ~ssentially civil duties. It will not be contended that fen-ed to a moment ago, in the civil branch of the Government, United States marshals and their deputies, and other officials covering the judiciary and those in the military and naval service connected with the enforcement of the excise laws throughout · enjoying retired pay, is beginning to produce its evil results. We the war country, are not civil officers. The Revenue-Cutter hear every day clamorings for a civil pension list· claiming that Service may be called a marine constabulary, performing on the the man who sm·renders -so much to accept a sala1-y greater than seacoast substantially the duti~ performed on land by similar he ever enjoyed before, in some departm~nt of this Government, officials. It is said that they may be drafted into the naval serv and wears himself out in drawing his salary, shall be placed on a ice at any time during war. pension roll and given retirement pay.after he g-ets too old to work. That is true..t. but from 1865 until 1898 no emergency arose by It is not right, Mr. Chairman; it is not jnst. It is not jlli!t to the which these ';t:reasury officia1s were in fact drafted into the people or the Government. I care not what the service is, the naval service, and there is nothing to indicate that in the nex.t man who voluntarily engages to render this country service for a generation a single one of them will be drafted into the naval stipulated salary ought to be 1·eqnired to look to it that he saves service. On the contl·ary, we may fairly indulge the expectation a competency for himself in his old age. that no such duty will be required at their hands. If gentlemen If that is not to be the rule, it is impracticable that the other here consider tb.at temporary service in the Navy should entitle rule should be univer al. In other words, it is much more of an them to enjoy the rank of naval officers while so employed, with argument to my mind much more substantial 5ustioe would be a place on the retired list later it would have been better to accorded by helping men who did not enjoy these privileges dur bring forward a bill providing that when the e revenue officers ing the strength and vigor o'f their manhood rather than adding shall be called upon to perform the duty of naval officers they to the profits they have enjoyed during that period after they be shall stand on terms of equality with naYal officer'"' of similar come too old to render such service. rank. Assul'edly the possibility of their being required to perfOTID The proposition m this bill carries with it to my mind, an ad such service can not justify this mel! ure. -ditional evil, becau e, from the debate here, it is evident that the This brings to our attention another problem. Probably the service of these men is largely within the civil sphe1'e. They most notable of all the abu es of the monarchy- probably the one eaiTy guns, their duty requires them to drill, they may be .called which .first and last ha to a gr a er extent than any other called into military service of the Government in time of war, and if down on tbe heads of the monarchs the WT th of the people-has they do God knows that the laws -of the United States -provides been the ilistinct recognition of the government cia as uch, the ample protection for the care of those who serve in the wars of imputation being that all the people of the country must bear the Republic. bm·dens to the end that those next to the source of pow r may If you are going to base it npon that, extend it to that grea-t enjoy unearned emoluments. The civil lists of ~as have been 1902. - CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 3419 justly denounced as the meanest and most unjnsti1iable abuse Of cial swelldom a controversy is raging as to whether at an ap personal government and as inimical to the general welfare. proa{;hing function at the White House or at one of the foreign Now comes a ·proposition that sounds in the same doctrine. It is embassies this or that lady shall have precedence in the receiving undoubtedly true that recently in this country the't'e is a tend line? What a grave problem it is, to be ffilre, this question as to ency to the distinct recognition of the governing class as such. just what order shall prevail in assigning persons to posts of -dis The motive-power of legislation such ·as the measure under con tinction in social functions! Whether the wife of this dignitary sideration is the opinion-entertained not only by those in the em or the wife of that dignitary shall stand at the head of the line at ployment of the Government permanently, but by some of those a pink tea! I do not see how these questions, highly important temporarily called to the legislative halls to ena;ct laws for the though they may be to the parties to such contl·oversies, can cut Government of the country-that when one enters the Govern a figure in this discussion, except it be to emphasize the silly pre ment service the bm·den of-providing for his future support may tensions of those who imagine that here, as at the oourts of kings, be justly imposed u-pon the Government-that is, by the tax individually and collectively, those in public life are disposed to payers. take on the airs of a governing class. Snobbery is one way of in Now, under somewhat similar oonditions to those existing in dicating this feeling. Demands for peculiar immunities and the thickly populated parts of our country a similar problem arises emoluments is another. · in all the countlies of Europe at this time, but government em Meantime the- American people will continue in their every ployees are not the subjects of the benefices proposed over there to day life to assign positions of distinction in social life to those superannuated deptmdents. A generation ago the extent to which who, on democratic grounds, seem to deserve them, and will the individual throughout the German States and principalities continue to be sometimes amused and sometimes angered by the was inde-pendent from his cradle to his grave was remarked by all antics of official snobdom. writ!Ts on the subject. There were fewer almshouses, less neces If the amusing pretensions to which attention has been called sity for public charity, in the German States than in any Dther are of any value in determining the merits of the pending meas part of Em·ope. Industrial conditions have changed. Germany ure they fm"Ilish an argument against it. Probably one thing has taken on the modern indnstrial system. by which a growing that makes some of our public officials less democratic than those number depend lrom day to day and from the cradle to the grave who plaeed epaulettes on their shoulders is the fact that om· laws upon their ability to earn subsistence by performing manual labor mark them as of the elect, and they take the lawmaker at his in a manner satisfactory to a taskmaster, obedient to the new word. They are only living up to the full measure of the oppor conditions produced by the new industrial order. Germany now. tunities we give them. Each member of Congress has the right pensions aged laborers. Not only in Germany, but wherever the to appoint students at the Naval and Military Academies. modern industrial system has been fully developed, those depend In my district this honor is disposed of by a competitive exami ent solely on labor for a living find themselv-es, in old age, super nation, and the boy who wins the prize enjoys it. He may be the annuated and unable to maintain themselves. The civil pension son of a blacksmith or the son of a washerwoman. He may be a list is the result. But, mark you, it is the laborers and not classes bootblack off the street. Whoever he may be, whatever circle who. in the period in which they are capable of earning compara he may be drawn from, if he be built on the snob pattern, which tively lucrative salaries, who are eligible to this benefice. unfortunately is not unfashionable forty years hence he will strut The pending measure is based upon th-e theory that the Govern the streets of this capital enjoying half or three-quarters pay, liv ment owes .a peculiar duty to those engaged in one particular ing up on quality hill. He will have forgotten his origin as utterly branch of the Government service. Is this position tenable? If as if he had not in his boyhood days known humbler walks of life. we should undertake to provide for deserving indigents, how Fortunately this is not universal, or aven the rule, but cases like would we proceed to ascertain who would have the fairest claim that I have sketched are not infrequent. _ upon the taxpayers of the countl-y, high-salaried employees of the I do not object to three-quarters pay for military and naval Government or aged laborers who have never fed upon-the public officers. ,Whether I would sanction it as an original proposition bounty? Do you say we should pay attention first to those who 91" not is immaterial. It is an established system -and will never may be summoned to the defense of the flag? That would include be distuTbed. It rests upon reasons in no way applicable to the every healthy male citizen in the country; for in an emergency civil service. I lmow some gentlemen who are engaged in the justifying it all would be subject to that requisition. But the Revenue-Cutter Service. Doubtless they prefer it to private em friends of the bill say those employed in the Revenue-Cutter ployment or they would not be there. Probably some of them Service are more liable to be called into the service than the rest. have made life a burden to Congressmen and Senators, who, of I think I have shown that such a thing is only a remote proba course, were glad to secure first employment and then promotion. bility, and that this contingency could be dealt with more suita Now comes this bill for their promotion to the grade of naval bly by legislation dealing directly with it. Besides, of their officers. - They probably had good employment at home. Why own volition the employees enter the Revenue Service at salaries, did they seek employment here? Was it understood when they I will say, at least as large as they-could command in private em obtained employment in the Revenue Service that they were to ployment, and may quit the service at their pleasure. be secure in their positions throughout the period of their useful What good reason can be advanced in support of the proposal ness, and receive thereafter, until death, pay for services which to establish a civil pension list? Is not the salary of the aver they will not perfonn? age Government employee larger than that paid for similar serv Was it understood that when they accepted places at good sala ices in private employment? Are not Government employees ries that they might spend their salaries~ regardless paying no more secure m the term of their employment, less subject to the attention to provision for the future, leaving all that to a benefi· vicissitudes that att-end men in private life, and in every way in a cent Government? Are we to say to a young man who becomes better position to lay by something against the approach of old identified with this branch of the Government service that thereby age than those who perfo1"11l similar work in private employment? he becomes identified with the governing class and is henceforth In case of a few weeks' sickness do the salaries of high public a ward of the taxpayel"S, who until his death must SUJJport him? officials cease? If for the pm-pose of preserving his health a well I do not think so. Go to the various departments and_yon will paid public official concludes to make a brief journey or enjoy a see gray-headed men and women who have been in service a long season of recrBation, does his pay cease? No; the public servants while. These old people can not possibly maintain themselves for whom there is so much solicitude a1·e accorded privileges and much longer. Can we afford to put them on the retired list? If enjoy immunities unknown to those engaged similarly in private we are to enter upon this kind of a.n inquiry, why not pursue it life. further. If old age and indigence are to be grounds for paying Is it not true, then. that they, more easily than any other class largesses out of the1'J:easury, whynot take into acc01mt the aged of our citizens, can lay by a competence for old age? Is it not in private life, who e circumstances are no better, and probably true, also, that first and last they enjoy opportunities of every a great deal worse, than those in the Government service? kind and desCiiption-socia1 and otherwise-unknown to those in In the sunless and starless caverns of the earth, in the mines, pri-vate life? Now, if they do enjoy all these things, where can at the mouths of the blazing forge, in employments both dan we find excuse or apology for placing them on the retired list, gerous and unwholesome yon will find in private employment and during their natural lives pay them large salaries? men grizzled with age, who, in then· walk and way, have faith In the course of the debate mentioned one gentleman censured fully served their country. They have been good citizens, have the social disct·imination practiced by Army and Naval officials in suppoTted their families, educated their children, paid their their dealings with the employees of the revenue service. Why, taxes, and contn"buted their full share to the general weal. Shall sir, in this respect the revenue officials are not alone. We must ~·ou say to those, why, yon did not get Government employment. expect that those who wear epaulets will assert social exclusive Then you might have been provided for in old age. If you had ness and constitute an aristocratic group mol'e or less amusing obtained a place in the Government service, olcl age would have and certainly harmless. I may remark, in passing, however, that been pro-vided for. the wearers of epaniets enjoy no monopoly in snobdom. There Mr. Chairman, I fear the time will come when modern indus are others. How often do we read in the newE;paJ>ers that in offi.~ trial conditions will compel all governments to take notice of the - . 3420 CONGR~ ESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. MARQH 29, necessities of the superannuated laborer. Given the full devel the ~ppropriation for the Rev~nue-Cutter Service, and annually thereafter a de_ta.iled statement of expenditures under said appropriation shall be sub opment of the system which is so rapidly consigning so. large a mitted to Congress at the beginning of each regular session thereof. portio? of the people •to the estate of wage-earners, tell me what IS to become of the man who, without skill or very little That statute remains in force, unrepealed, and yet the gentle skill, performs the rough, hard, arduous labor of the world. man from New York [Mr. SHERMAN], denying that there had Singular it may ba, but it is true, that the common laborer is in been a failure of compliance, called the attention of the House an essential .respect the mainstay of society. He populates the to the letter of tJ;le .Secretary.of t~e Treasury transmitting esti world. In town or country this holds true. In the laborer's hut mates of appropnations, and m this letter, transmitting the esti and the humble h3:bitation of the tenant farmer the large families mates of a~propriations, there is no pretense of giving a statement ~re found. ~hus IS consumed from day to day his meager earn of ~xpenditures. The only items in the •estimate on page 289 mgs. What lS to become of the common laborer a little later on whiCh the gentleman from New York cited are items under~ when modern industrialism has found complete development? ' col~ whi.ch is headed, ." Estimat~ amoun't required for each Some economists have prescribed as a remedy for the difficulties detailed obJect of expenditure," which means for the ensuing and troubles of the lab9rer the limitation of the family circle. fiscal year. I leave it to the House to judge whether I accused They would solve the problem by limiting the procreation of the the Department of anything, or whether I stated anything which species. Only one great civilized nation practices this formula was not absolutely true. and its popn~ation , undepleted by extensive emigration, remain~ I~ this-column and underthishearupg there are 11 items, aggre at a standstill, and everywhere the phenomenon witnessed no gatmg the sum of $1,482,545. Even if these items related to the where else except in France is regarded as a national calamity. expenditures of the pa~t year at all, which they do not, they could In conclusion, I desire to say that I believe that Government hardly be called a detailed statement of expenditures. The gen employees, are better paid than any other class of employees in tleman from New York [Mr. SHERMAN] might have called atten the country and have a better opportunity to provide for old age tion to the fact that these 11 items of estimates were based on than any others; therefore they should not be singled out for Appendix Sin the Book of Estimates. special governmental benefices. [Applause.] . The deficiency bill app~oved March 2, 1889 (25 Stat.~ 907) pro Mr. MANN. Mr. Chairman, may I ask how much time has VIded that the annual estimates for the Revenue-Cutter Service been consumed on our side? should be given- The CHAIRMAN. One hour and thirty minutes. in _detail, showing separately the ~mount required for pay of officers rations for officers, pay of crews, rations of crews, fuel, repairs and outfits' Mr. MANN. Mr. Chairman, I would like to be recognized for ~p cha;ndlery, and for trave~ and contingent expenses. He shall a~ thirty minutes. mclude m the annual Book of ~stunates a statement showing the authorized In anything that I have to say upon this bill I wish to dis number of officers and cadets m the Revenue-Cut ter Service, their rank and tinctly disavow any intention to raise a question even concerning pay; also the number of men constituting the crews of vessels in said service. the courage, the ability, or the motives of the officers of the Notwithstanding the positive requirements of the act of Octo Revenue-Cutter Service or of those officers of the Go_vernment ber 2, 1888, the Revenue-Cutter Service does not even pretend to who have to deal with that department. I have no doubt that in furnish a detailed statement of the expenditures for any fiscal both war and peace this service is officered by men courageous year. The appropriation for the Revenue-Cutter Service has al and able. ways been made in a lump sum. The Revenue-Cutter Service It is the spirit of the American genius which permeates the makes a sort of compliance with the provisions of the act of Revenue-Cutter Se_rvice, as it permeates all classes of our people March 2, 1889, requiring a detailed estimate of the money required when they enter either the regular or the volunteer service in for that .service for the ensuing fiscal year, but in every estimate time of war or when they are engaged in time of peace. But the so submitted the Revenue-Cutter Service has insisted that it could question whicb. is presented to Congress is one which seems to me get along with less money if the appropriation were made in bulk of so much importance that we do not need to regard the present than if made in specific items, and through this means it has con personnel of the service in 'order to determine whether they are tinned to secure a bulk appropriation each year for which it right in asking additional privileges. I make no complaint in IJ?-akes no ~eport to qong1·ess, notwithstanding the statute posi reference to their conduct. In the little examination which I tively reqmres a detailed report of the expenditures. have endeavored to make of this matter I have received extreme Not only this, the act of March 2, 1889, requires that the Sec courtesy at the hands of Captain Shoemaker, the chief of the retary of the Treasury shall include in the annual Book of Esti Revenue-Cutter Service, and of the men in his office, for which mates a statement showing the authorized number of officers and I have to and do now return to him my sincere acknowledg cadets in the Revenue-Cutter Service, their 1·ank and pay, also the ments. number of men constituting the crews of vessels in said service. The gentleman from Iowa [Mr. HEPBURN], when the matter The effort to comply with this statutory provision is found in was up as to whether ~he rule should be passed·for the considera Appendix S of the last Book of Estimates. The statute says that tion of this bill, stated, referring to me: the statement shall show the authorized number of. officers and He has charged that officer of this Government, whose duty it is to make cadets in the Revenue--Cutter Service. It is admitted and known reports of facts to state trut hs, that year after year he has fied in the dis that there are cadets in the servicP, but in Appendix S there is charge of his official duty. Is it not time there should be some inquiry with no reference either to the name, rank, or class of cadets nor regard to a matter of that kind, and that the gentleman should be given an opportunity to make proof of reckless and irresponsible charges of this char any statement concerning them or referring to them what~ver. acter? I think that the House must have been satisfied when the gentleman Nor is there any statement referring to cadets anywhere in the took his seat that at least he should have an o:pportunity in a proper and a Book of Estimates. Evidently the Revenue-Cutter Service does legitimate way to make good some small modicum at least of these grave charges. not wish to call attention to the fact that there are cadets or ths favoritism shown in their selection. It is the policy of the Revenue< Mr. Chairman, more language of the same sort was indulged in Cutter Service to keep everything, so far as possible, under cover by the distinguished gentleman from Iowa, for whose ability no one and in the dark. has a greater respect than I have. But, Mr. Chairman, it was not I According to the official register of the service dated July 1, who charged that the officer of the Government lied. I made no 1900, there were 18 cadets. Each of these cadets draws a salary charge in reference to any officer of the Government. I only en from the Government, but the Book of Estimates does not show deavor to state facts. What the result of those facts may be is any cadets or ask for any appropriation for their pay. for the House to determine. The requirement in the statute that the statement shall con It is a matter of complete personal indifference to me whether tain the number of men constituting the crews of vessels in said this bill becomes a law or not, except that I construe it to be my service was evidently intended to require the number of the crew duty as a member of the committee reporting the bill to lay be of each vessel, so that Congress might know the number of men fore the House such information, which may bear upon the ques employed on each of the revenue cutters. This intention of too tion, as has come to me. law is skillfully evaded. The statement furnished in the Book of I stated on Thursday last as a reason why this matter should Estimates does not pretend to give any information concerning not be considered at all at the present time that the Revenue the number of men constituting the crew of any particular ves· Cutter Service, through the Secretary of the Treasury, or, if it sel and does not furnish information of any special value in con· pleases the gentleman better, the Secretary of the Treasury and sideration of the Revenue-Cutter Service. the R~venue-Cntter Service, together or singly, had not complied with the law, which requires them to make a detailed statement The statement furnished is, for example, in the following form: of their expenditures. The gentleman from New York [Mr. P er month. SHERMAN] endeavored to answer that proposition by saying that they did make a detailed statement of the expenditures. I called the attention of the Honse to the act itself upon this subject, in tE~~i~ ~~~~~~:jj ~~~~~~:~~!jj~~:~~~ii jjj!:!jj~: :tffjjffiiiii~iiiii~ ~ i~~:~ 1· cluded in the sundry civila.ctmaking appropriations for the fiscal 3 seamen, at.----_------_----- ____ ---·-· ----_------____ ------···-_----_ 32 year ending June 30, 1889: 39 seamen, at_----- ____ ---·-- _____ -··-- ___ __ ----- ______·-- ____ ------______·-·- 30 4D seamen, at ___ ----- ____ ------______---·--______28 That the Secretary of the Treasury shall submit to Congress at its next session a detailed statement of the expenditures for the fiscal year1888 under The theory of the requirement of the statute is wholly ignored. 1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 3421

The items relating to the Revenue-Cutter Service in the Book the Revenue-Cutter Service is a volume which contains, on page of Estimates, including Appendix S, are not by any means a 64, " Consolidation of record of vessels of the Revenue-Cutter proper compliance with the act of 1889, and they are not even a Service for the year of 1900 and 1901." One of the columns in pretended compliance with the act of 1888. this consolidated record is headed" Number of lives saved," and I hold in my hands a copy of the sundry civil bill making ap this is the only reference to life saving in the consolidated record. propriations for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1889, which is the The total under this heading is 178, and in the number to make up act of October 2, 1888. This contains the requirement about a this total the revenue cutter Gresham is credited with 104. An detailed statement of eXJlenditures annually from the Re-venue examination of the monthly consolidated record of the Gresham Cutter Service, which I have quoted before, and it also contains, shows that that vessel is credited with 103lives saved in the month in precisely the same form, a similar requirement of detailed of August, 1900, a.s entered up in thissamevolumein the Revenue statement of expenditures from the Smithsonian Institution. Cutter Service Office. For that month of August the Gresham is I:hold in my hands now House Document 31 of this session of credited with having assisted two vessels in distress,-the two ves Congress, being a detailed statement of eXJlenditures of the Smith sels having a total value for vessels and cargo of $83,000, with 111 sonian Institution for the last fiscal year. The amount appro persons on board, and 103 lives saved. priated annually for the Smithsonian Institution is only a small The two cases in which the Gresham rendered assistance to portion of the amount appropriated for the Revenue-Cutter Serv other vessels in August, 1900, were the cases of the Fraternidade, ice, and yet this detailed statement of eXJlenditures by the Smith August 13, 1900, and the White Wings, August 19, 1900. The sonian Institution covers 47 pages of finely printed matter, giving White Wings had only 8 persons on board, and none of these was in detail the eXJlenditures for the year. This is a proper compli taken off that vessel. ance with the statute. The Revenue-Cutter Service does not According to the consolidated report, therefore, the Gresham comply with the statute, makes no report of its expenditures, but saved 103 lives from the Frate'rnidade on August 13, 1900. By demands a civil pension list and other privileges. _ the time this report had gone through the monthly and yearly LIVES ACTUALLY RESCUED FROM DROWNING. consolidation and through the hands of the Secretary of the Treas ury and appeared in print in his annual report it is stated that In the debate the other day on the question whether a special these 103 persons were actually rescued from drowning, and this rule to consider this bill should be granted or not I called atten notwithstanding the report made by the captain of the revenue tion to the difficulty of obtaining information concerning what cutter Gresham, August 15, 1900, regarding the assistance fur the Revenue-Cutter Service has done or is doing, and stated that nished to the Frate'rnida.de that the "number of persons actually there was a disagreement between the report of the Secretary of rescued from drowning'' was '' none.'' the Treasury concerning the number of lives saved and the report I will ask leave to have printed in the RECORD papers which of the officers of the revenue cutters themselves. I did this at have been sent to me by the Revenue-Cutter Office in regard to the time, not for the purpose of finding fault with the Revenue this occurrence. These include a letter from Captain Walker, of Cutter Service, but for the purpose of showing the necessity of the Gresham, as well a.s his detailed report. The letter from Cap waiting for action until we could have published proper reports tain Walker, as furnished to me, is not complete. It is sufficient, of this Service, so that we might know the facts and learn whether however, to show that no lives were "actually rescued from the facts justified granting any special privileges to the officers of drowning" and that the revenue cutter and its officers incurred this service. no danger or hardship whatever in the matter. If a complete The gentleman from New York [Mr. SHERMAN] has endeavored copy of the letter had been furnished to me it would have shown this morning to answer and refute my statement in regard to the this fact in still stronger light. But the detailed report of Cap 103 lives which were credited to the revenue cutter G-resham tain Walker absolutely establishes the fact that he did not pre August 13, 1900. I called his attention at the time to the fact tend that he rescued one person from drowning, much less 103. that I had received and lield then in my hands a copy of the de I do not deny, Mr. Chairman, that this revenue cutter at that tailed report of the captain of the Gresham in reference to that time performed efficient service. It would be strange if, with 40 occurrence, and in this detailed report occurs the following: vessels in the Revenue-Cutter Service, they should never come Number, names, and residences of persons actually rescued from drown to an occasion where they might perform service to a vessel in ing? None. distress. They performed such service in this case. It is the one I stated the other day that if this report had been published it case during the last year where they performed greater service would so show, that no lives were " actually rescued from drown than any other which I have been able to discover; but I deny ing." I think even the gentleman from New York [Mr. SHER that they rescued any lives from drowning, if the report of the MAN] will admit that I was right. captain of the cutter itself is correct. I do not know what they I did not make the statement at the time for the purpose of at did. I only know what the report says, and I say that the report tacking the Revenue-Cutter Service, but si,mply for the purpose of the captain says they rescued no lives from drowning, while of urging upon the House that there was not sufficient informa the tabulated report when made up says that they at that time tion before it upon which to intelligently act upon this bill. rescued 103lives from drowning. But now that the gentleman from New York [Mr. SHERMAN] Mr. Chairman, I have nothing to conceal in this matter. All the has undertaken to show that 103 lives were "actually rescued information which I have obtained I lay before the House. from drowning" by the G-resham from the barkentine F1·aterni I found that the revenue steamer Galveston, located at Galves dade on August 13, 1900, I wish to briefly present to the House ton, Tex., was credited with saving 40 lives from drowning at the the information which I acquired in regard to this and the method time of the hurricane at that city in September, 1900, and I asked pursued by me. the Chief of the Revenue-Cutter Service to furnish me a copy of The Revenue-Cutter Service is, I believe, the only branch of the the report. I shall a.sk leave to print this in the RECORD for what Government which makes no annual report, so that I could not it is worth. acquire information in regard to the operations of the service What we want and what we ought to have some time before . from any report made by it. The only report in regard to the acting upon a bill like this is a report from the service showing Revenue-Cutter Service for the last year is found in the annual what they do. I listened to the distinguished gentleman from report of the Secretary of the Treasury, on page 54, and, so far as New York, who occupied an hour, and who stated at the begin it relates to the actual operations of the Revenue-Cutter Service, ning that he would tell what duties the service performed; but I occupies about one-fourth of a page. This portion of the report failed to hear him tell a single duty which they do perform. I of the Secretary of the Treasury was, of course, prepared by the will be very glad to hear upon this floor what the Revenue Service chief of the Revenue-Cutter Service. In this report the Secretary of the country does. I know what the law says it shall do. It includes several items, the second one of which is the following: says, among other things, they shall "protect the timber re Lives saved (actually rescued) from drowning, 178. serves;" but I apprehend it is seldom they get their boats on a Now, what was the purpose of putting this item in the report forest reserve. What they do is one of the mysteries which I of the Secretary of the Treasury? It was plainly for the purpose have been unable to fathom. We ought to have an annual report. of showing what important duties the Revenue-Cutter Service is Now, the law which requires them to submit a detailed esti performing and the great service it performs to the people on the mate of expenditures is not the only law they observe in the sea and to our country in the matter of saving lives. breach. There is also a law requiring each department of the I did not have time or opportunity to investigate all of the Government to fur'"'Dish a list of all its employees, to be pnblished claims put forward by the Revenue-Cutter Service, but I con in the Official Register, known as the Blue Book. So far as my cluded I would ascertain as to the truth of this item, and if the observation has gone, every other branch of the Government Revenue-Cutter Service had actually rescued 178lives from drown service publishes a complete list of its employees. Those branches ing for the last fiscal year, I would give them credit for efficient of the Government which have vessels publish a complete list of work in that :-espect, and if they had not performed this good the men upon them. The only branch which declines or which work I should feel t-\.-tremely sorry that anyone had reported the has neglected to comply with this provision of the law is the item as published. Revenue-Cutter Service; and it seems to me that we are entitled This is what rfound. In the office in the Treasury building of to information upon that point before we act upon a bill like this. 3422 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. MARCH 29,

There are other provisions of the law which they do not <>bserve, Mr. HEPBURN. I think the gentleman is mistaken about and which they haye not pretended to observe. 'There are some that. There is no requirement that the thousand and odd en which they have pretended oo observe, but have not succeeded in listed men should have a place in the Blue Book. observing according to the provisions of the statute. Mr. MANN. If they are not employees paid out of the Treas But, Mr. Chairman, these observations have all been addressed m·y of the United States, then it is true; but under the law if to the consideration of the merits of the bill at this time. That they are employees of the Government or are paid out of the matter has been passed upon by the Honse. Treasury of the United States, they are required to be published The bill has been ordered taken up, and we have to come to the in the Blue Book. Mr. Chairman, there is no escape from that conclusion as to whether the bill, in the light of the information propositio:p.. I do not know whether the attempt was deliberate, which we now have, ought to be passed. What is the billJ and or whether it was negligent, or whether it was lack of knowledge what is its purpose? Broadly stated, this bill proposes, first, to of the law. I make no charge against the officers of the Revenue inCI·ea e the pay of Revenue-Cutter officers by giving them 10 per Cutter Service. I have no doubt they are as competent and capa cent increase for each five years' service up to the 40 per -cent in ble as officers usually are. But I say when we are consider crease. This is based upon the provisions of the Army and Navy ing a proposition for the creation of a civil pension law which pay. It is not my purpose to enter upon any discussion concern will eventually lead to pensioning evro·y clerk in every depart ing the Army or the Navy. Some of the gentlemen who have ad ment of the civil portion of the Government, we ought to have dressed the House in favor of this bill, notably the gentleman information in every respect, where required by the law, upon from Michlga.n, seemed to think it necessary to atta-ck the Navy. the subject. I do not propose to enter upon a defense of the Navy. It requires But, Mr. Chairman, this bill p1·oposes to do more than is done no defense from attacks of that lrind. I do not know-and I am either for the Army or the Navy as to the retired list. They say frank to admit i~that I should favor, if it were a new proposi they want to pn.t the Revenue-Cu~Jr Service upon a par with the tion if I had a chance to oppose it, the proposition to put men Navy, but the bill does more than that. In the Army there are upon the retired list as now done. I think it is generally admitted two retirement lists; one is a limited retired list and the other is that the retired list, both in the Army and Navy, has become a an unlimited retired list. On the unlimited list are officers' grievous burden in many respects. names who are over 64 years of age. But when an offi-cer is re Mr. HEPBURN. Will the gentleman permit an inquiry? tired under the age of 64 for d.i ability the number· is limited. Mr. MANN. Certainly. But there is no limitation in this Revenue-Cutter bill as to retiring Mr. HEPBURN. When a new proposition of this kind was officers for disability. If this bill becomes a law, the Revenue made four years ago to put the Navy officers on the retired list Cutter board which retires officers can make places for men below with ail increased rank, with the pay and emoluments of the grade them; they can retire them ad libitum, with no control upon their above them, did yon not vote for that proposition.? number. . Mr. MANN. Well, my recollection is, Mr. Chairman, that In the Navy there is no retirement for age except above the there was no .roll call upon that matter. I was not very favorable rank of lieutenant-commander. The attempt here is to put a cap to the proposition, I may say to the gentleman; and I may Eay to tion in the Revenue-Cutter Service on a par with a lieutenant him further that in my opinion the N.avy personnel bill would commander in tb.e Navy. There is no refuement for age in the never have passed the House if the House had understood its pro Navy for a lie11tenant-commander. Here is a proposition to give visions in r-egard to increasing the rank and pay on the retired list. the Revenue-Cutter Service as to the retired list a better position Mr. HEPBURN. I think I find the name of MANN-M-A-N-N than is occupied by the Army or Navy. among the list of yeas voting on the pa sage of that bill. I do I wish I had time, Mr. Chairman, to call particularly the atten not know that there wasany<>ther gentleman of that name in the tion of the Hou.se to the increase in pay which will be caused by House except my friend from lllinois. this bill. I can the attention of the Honse to one proposition .Mr~ MANN. If there was a roll call upon the bill, Mr. Chair which has been referred to by the distinguished gentleman from man, I undoubtedly-voted for it. I was mneh younger in ex Alabama [Mr. RICHARDSON] in opposition to the bill. Now, let perience then -even than I am now in reference to such matters. us understand this bill. If I had been in the Honse as long as my distinguished friend A lieutenant-commander in the Navy, after twenty years of from Iowa has been, I should not have voted for that bill service, receives $3,500 a year, and of course, as a rule, or almost M:r . .HEPBURN. Mr. Chairman, in order that the gentleman invariably. they serve twenty years before they reach the point or may ease his oonscienee by declarations of that character, and rank of a lieutenant-commander. So under this bill a captain in with reference to his statement a moment ago that there was no the Revenue-Cutter Service would receive a salary of $3,500 a year publication of the persons employed in the Revenue-Cutte1· Seni.ce and a lieutenant-commander in the Navy would receive $3,500 per in the Blue Book, I wish to call his attention to page 252 of the year. In addition to the salary which is received under the bill first volume of the Official Register of the United states, com a certain allowance is given them for commutation of quarters monly called the " Blue Book." when not provided with quarters. That allowance is $48 per The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentleman from lliinois yield to month. The Revenue-Cutter officer also receives aNavy ration per the gentleman from Iowa? day. Here is a proposition to give the Revenue-Cutter officers at :Mr. MANN. I am very glad to yield, because I see the gentle sea or on shore-and a pretty large per cent of them at·e always on man is making a lllistake, which I will be very glad to correct. shore-$3;500 for a captain, $48 a month in addition for commu· Mr. HEPBURN. I think he will find the names of all the of tation of quarters, and a Navy ration. Now, what will a Navy ficer.s and of all the vessels .set forth on pages 252, 253., 254, 255, officer of a con·esponding grade get? If he is on shore he receives and 256. 3,500 a year, less 15 per cent, or $2,975 a year. The Navy officer Mr. MANN. And I will call the attention of the distinguished on shore will receive $2,975 a year .as a lieutenant-commander, gentleman to the law with reference to the Official Register. It while the Revenue captain under this bill· will receive $3,500 a says that there shall be included within this- year, besides the various allowances. . a. full and complete list of all officers, ag-ents, clerks and other employee of The great daim which is so strongly urged is that the Revenue said de~rtment, b1Il'eau, office comnussion, or institution connected with Cutter Service ought to be put upon at least terms of equality the legislative, executive, or judicial service of the Government or paid from with the Navy. I wish to call attention to an actual case byway the United States Treasury, including military and naval officers of the of illustration for the purpose of showing that under the pending United States, cadets, and midshlpmen. bill Revenue-Cutter officers will be paid better than in the Navy. And if the gentleman ·can find the name of any clerk, employee, According to the Navy Register issued January 1, 1902, Lieut. or any other person upon a Revenue-Cutter vessel other than a Commander James Hamilton Sears is on duty at the branch hy commi sioned officer: I will abandon my speech and quit the op drographic office, New York City. The Register shows that he position to this bill. entered the naval service September 22,1871, and wa appointed Mr. HEPBURN. All of the clerks, I am informed, are under lieutenant-commander :March 29, 1899. Having been in the service the proper heading. Not necessarily in this place. Does the for more than twenty years, his pay, with longevity increase, gentleman mean to say that the enlisted men of the Army and amounts to $3,500 per year, less 15 per oent because he i on land the Navy or the Revenue-Cutter Service should be found in the duty' or $2,975 per annum and in addition thereto s-76 for com Blue Book? mutation of quarters, making a total of $3,551. Mr. M.ANN. Not tb.e .enlisted men of the Army and Navy, ex Now, let us make a comparison of a Revenue-Cutter officer under cept warrant officers----certainly not} under the law-but the en the same ciJ:cnmstances, according to the provisions of the pend listed men {)f the Revenue-Cutter Service are required to be pub bill. lished in the Blue Book. T-he enlisted .men of the transport Acc01·ding to the last Revenue-Cutter Sernce register, July 1, service are published in the Blne Book, and the m-en on all of the 1901, Ca})t. Samuel E. Maguire is on duty at New York City as other vessels of the Government, outside of the Regular .Army superintendent of construction in the Life-Saving Service. He and Navy., are published in :the Blue Book, except the Revenue -entered the Revenue-Cutter Service March , 1 1, and was ap· Cutter Service. pointed a captain May 8, 1896. Having bzen in the ervice for 1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECOR.D-HOUSE. 3423

more than twenty years, he would, under the bill, be entitled to a coming from Newport, bound for New London. and seeing her 11ignals of dis tress went to her assistance. We anchored 100 yards ahead of the vessel in salary of 3,500 a year, and in addition thereto commutation for lit fathoms of water. The cutter wa lowered anu, in charge of an officer , quarters allowed a major in the Army, amounting to $48 a month, ran a small line to the vessel. Owing to the heavy sea she was unable to go or $576 a year, making a total of $4,0i6, or 525 more than Lieu.: alongside, but managed to get the line to the bark. tr'hey bent on a steel wire bawssr, which proved to be too short, so our 9-inch hawser was used instead. tenant-Commander Sears receives. And this although the bill They then began to heave up their anchor. purports to only put captains in the Revenue-Cutter Service on Owing to the heavy seas and short distance off the rocks, when they had an equal footing with lieutenant-commanders in: the Navy. hove into 30 fathoms it was deemed best to drag the barken tine into deeper water and farther away, so that in case anything parted we could pick her In the above illustration I have not computed Captain 1\!aguire 111> again before she was driven ashore. When an offing had been reached, as being entitled to one Navy ration per day or commutation the ..-essel was stopped, the anchor was hove up, and she was towed safely therefor, although the present statute gives him that allowance into Newport Harbor. The foregoing is a true statement. and the pending bill does not expre sly repeal it. J. HUTCHISON SCOTT, Mr. Chairman, there is con.Siderably more which I wish to say Second Lieutenant. to the House upon this subject later, but I do not desire to fur AUGUST 15, 1900. ther occupy the time of the Honse at present. I ask permission C(ri.ified to be correct, and respectfully submitted. THOMAS D. W .A.LKER, to extend my remarks in the RECORD in order that I may insert Captain, Commanding. various table , letters, memoranda, statements, etc. The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection? Vessel assisting, Gresham, There was no objection. Vessel assisted, barkentine F'mfot~,!dade 1 250 tons. Date August 13, l!nl. Mr. MANN. 1\Ir. Chairman, I do not wish to occupy the floor Number of persons on board, 100. any longer at present. I reserve the balance of my time. Value of vessel, $10,(XX). The tables, letters, etc., are as follows: Nature of casualty, tried to tack, missed staye, and got in irons. Location, Black Poillt, Rhode Island. TREASURY D1'!PARTME1\'"T1 OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY, Detailed repc-rt: DIVISION OF REVENUE-CUTTER SERVICE, Washington, Ma1·ch 18, 1902. Lette1· of Oapt. T. D. Walke1·, R. C. B., cornmanding the Gresham, to the honor Hon. J..A.MES R. M..U.'N, M. C., able the Secreta1·y of the Treasury. Ho~e of Representati1:es. I have the honor to transmit herewith, for information of the Department, SIR: Agreeably to the request contained in your letter of the 17th instant, a report on Form 2015, of assistance rendered by the Gn!sham, to the Portu I inclose * * '~ a cop¥ of the formal report of assistance rendered by the guese barken tine Fraternidade, of Bra.\a, Cape Verde Islands, on the 13th in G1·eshan~ to the ba.rkentine Fraternidade August 13, 1901. It is presumed that stant, near Narragansett Pier, R.I. We were cruising from Newport to New this will not afford any additional information to what has already been fur London, when we si&hted the bark anchored dangerously ne."'.r to the rocks nished you, as the report of Captain Walker is more complete than that con with a. distress signal flying, and we at once proceeded to extricate her. As tained ill the copy of the report inclosed. The two taken to~ether include we approached a second flag (ensign) was placed in the mizzen rigging, a.s all the information concerning that matter which is on file ill the Depart though to emphasize tho appeal of the unfortunate people for aid. ment. * * * Owing to the sea the bark was riding heaTily, and the captain momen Respectfully, C. F. SHOEMAKER, tarily expected that his only remaining cable would break. In that event Captain, Revenue-Cutter Sert:ice, Chief of Division. the bark would have been dashed onto the rocks and there is no telling what the consequences might have been. It is reasonably certain that serious loss Repm·t of assistance rendered by the U.S. S. Gresham, Capt. Thoma-s D. Walke1·, of life would have resulted, as the people, espeCially the women, seemed B. C. S., commanding, stationed at New Yol"k, N. Y., and cruising front Dela badly demoralized. The safety of the bark and the l..'l.rge number of people wal·e Breakwater, Del., to Ma1-thas Vineyard, Mass. Date of sel'Vice ren on board hung as it were upon a \ery lende1· thread, and I feel thankful that del·ed, August 13, 1900. our good little ship happened along at the ri~ht time and was able to do the ri~ht thing. No other vessel capable of sending assistance was in sight, and 1. Name of >essel, .Fraternidade. this made our presence the more opportune. Crowds of summer cottagers 2. Rig and tonnage, barkentine; 250 tons.· from Narragansett Pier lined the rocks, but, under the circumstances, tney 3. Nationality and home port, Portuguese; Brava, Cape Verde Islands. were powerless to render aid. The officers and crew of the ship did their 4. Where from Brava. · 5. Where oouna, New Bedford, Mass. duty :en. * c: 6. Number of days out, thirty-seven. Re3pectfully, yours, • • 7. Number of crew (including master), 21. THOMAS D. W .A.LKER, 8. Number of pa-ssengers, 82. Captain, Revenue-Cutter Se1·vice, Commanding. 9. Nature of cargo, goat skins and ballast. 10. Estimated value of vessel, $10,!XXl, ANALYSIS OF SENATE BILL 10'25, ENTITLED "A BILL TO PROMOTE THE EFFI 11. Estimated value of cargo, unknown. CIENCY OF THE REVENUE-CUTTER SERVICE.'' 12. Name and address of master, Braz T. Pino, No.2 Griffin street, New Bedford, Mass. The first section of the bill removes the present restriction of 13. Names and addresses of owners Joad B. Farie, Brava, Cape Verde. law upon the number of Revenue-Cutter officers and leaves the 14. Names and addresses of consignee captain. 15. Condition of vessel when found, anchored close to lee shore; very heavy number of officers to be appointed wholly in the discretion of the sea; one anchor gone; expecting the other one to part any time. President and permits him to increase them ad libitum. Section 16. Time of day or night when found, 5.15 p. m. 1 also confers upon the engineer officers the rank of captain, first, 17. State of weather, overcast; cloudy; very threatening. 18. Direction and force of wind, 7; SE. by E. second, and third lieutenant, respectively, being an entirely new 19. State of tide and sea, heavy sea running: flood tide. provision in the service. 20. Exact spot where vessel was found (locally designated, including coun- Section 2 confers upon Revenue-Cutter officers equal rank with try or State): Black Point, Rhode Island; 150 yards off rocks. 21. Latitude and longitude of same 41° 24' N., 71° Z'i' w. certain Army and Nav-y officers and changes the present provi 22. Cause and date of casualty, tried to tack; got in irons. sion of law which directs that when Revenue-Cutter officers are 23. Duration of service rendered, two and three-fourths hours. serving under the Navy they s)lall rank next after lieutenants 24. State nature of boat service, if o.ny, running lines and communica tions. commanding in the Navy and provides that whenever forces of 25. If anything occurred to interfere with favorable operations, state the Navy and Revenue-Cutter Service shall be serving in cooper a· nature and cause, heavy seas and wind. tion captains of the Revenue-Cutter Service shall rank with and 26, Was vessel saved or lost? Saved. ZT. If saved, estimated amount of damage sustained, lost port anchor and next after lieutenant-commanders} thus making them rank over 00 fathoms chain. lieutenants commanding. 28. Estimated value of cargo lost, none. Section 3 provides that Revenue-Cutter Service officers shall re 29. Number of persons cared for on cutter or afforded necessary transporta tion, none. ceive the same pay and allowances, except forage, as are now or 00. Number, names; and 1·esidences of persons a-ctually rescued from drown- may hereafter be provided by law for officers of corresponding ing none. rank in the Army, including longevity pay. Under this section 3L Number, names, and residences of persons lost, none. 32. ~antity of provisions or supplies furnished, and cost of same, none. the pay of Revenue-Cutter Service officers is graded according to 83. rumtity of fuel, etc., expended, and cost of same, immaterial. their arbitrary rank, as :fixed by section 2, corresponding with rank 34. amages sustained by cutter, and estimated cost of repairs, none. in the Army, but not acco1·ding to corresponding rank in the 85. State any accident or injury to officers or crew of cutter, none. Navy. REliARKS. Why does not the bill recite the pay? [A general statement of the casualty and the nature and extent of the Why should it refer to the pay of officers in the Army instead services rendered Will be here given.] of officers in the Navy? The Fratentidade was bound from Bra.va, Cape Verde Islands, for New Bedford with 103 persons on board. She had a favorable passage until off There are only a few classes of officers in the Revenue-Cutter Monto.uk Ppint, where unfavorable winds kept them beating for seven days. Service and the only object of putting in a section of this sort is The weather becoming verv threatening, the captain deemed it best to try to avoid calling attention to the amount of pay and allowances to and make harbor, as he was short of provisions, water, and fuel, and the ves sel was leaking. When off Black Point he tried to go abouthmissed stays, be actually obtained through it. What are the allowances? How and ~ot in irons, and as he was only about L!XXl yards from t e rocks he let much do they amount to? go hiS port anchor and 60 fathoms of chain, which parted before five minutes Does this section repeal provision of the statute granting to bad elapsed. The starboard anchor was then let go and chain paid out to bitter end. This anchor dragged also, but she finally fetched up and the Revenue-Cutter Service officers navy ration? single anchor held her about 100 yards clear of the rocks. The heavy sea Or does it propose to give Revenue-Cutter Service officers both made the vessel strain and jump ill such a manner that it was feared that Navy ration and commutation for quarters? the cable could not hold any time. Signal for assistance was set in the rig ging and preparations made by the crew to save themselves when driven Or Navy ration in addition to pay when on sea, and commuta a.shore. The sea getting larger and running heavier, the wind increasing in tion for quarters as per Army officers when on shore? force, it was not daemed possible that they could survive. The Gresham was How about mileage? 3424 CONGRESSIONAL -RECORD- HOUSE. MARCH 29,

Officers in the Revenue-Cutter Service now are paid as follows: last Congress, which proposed to advance such officer, upon being dropped for his own vicious habits, a considerable sum of money. , Co nunuta Officer. Salary. tion per . Section 8 provides that when any commissioned officer is re month. tired, the next officer in rank shall be promoted, "according to the established rules of the service." What are the established ru1es Captains ... _____ ···-._·---_- ··-· __ .--- __ ···------__ ·-·. $2,500 of the service? Who knows? First lieutenants, chief engineer .... ______--·------1,800 ~ Or is this a proposition to enact into law a ru1e which has been Second liouten;),IltB, first a istant engineer------1,500 Third lieutenants, second assistant engineer______1,200 25 promulgated or which may be hereafter promu1gated by an offi- 20 cer in the service? No one here can tell what the present rules ------'----'---- are, and no one can possibly tell what the established ru1es of the In addition, each officer gets a Navy ration. A Navy ration future may be. The latter part of the section contains a provi- equals 30 cents per day. . sion that although the next officer in rank shall be promoted Section 3 proposes to increase salary of third lieutenant and where one is retired, before this can be done he shall be sub second assistant engineer from $1,200, as now paid, to $1,400. It ject to written examination and shall have his physical qualifica also increases the pay of all Revenue-Cutter Service officers 10 tions reported upon by a medical board. The section does not per cent for each five years' service until the increase is 40 per require that the officer shall pass the written examination or that cent. the medical board shall find favorably as to his physical qualifi- The salaries paid in the Revenue-Cutter Service are already cations. And the wording of the section might require the pro higher than those paid in the merchant marine or in any of the motion of the officer even though mentally incompetent and vessel service of the United States outside of the Navy. This physically incapacitated. The section is loosely drawn and does section wou1d pn.y to Revenue-Cutter Service officers a higher not require what it was intended to require. salary than is now received for corresponding rank in the Navy. Section 9 proposes to pay all officers hereafter placed upon the The bill selects Army officers as the basis of fixing salary for the retired list 75 per cent of the duty pay, salary, and increase of Revenue-Cutter Service officers because there is no reduction the rank upon which they may be retired. given in the pay of Army officers when on shore. Salaries of What does duty pay, salary, and increase of the rank mean? Navy officers are reduced 15 per cent when on shore. The bill Is there any difference between duty pay and salary; and if so, therefore as to salaries discriminates in favor of the Revenue- what is it? Cutter Service and against the Navy and grants to the Revenue- Apparently the section is designed to give to the officers on the Cutter Service higher rates of pay than are now paid even in the retired list 75 per cent of the increased pay provided for in sec Navy tion 3. This section also applies to officers already upon the per- Section 4 proposes a retired list in the Revenue-Cutter Service manent waiting-orders list. Congress passed an act in 1895 at and proposes to retire all Revenue-Cutter Service officers who reach the urgent solicitation of the Revenue-Cutter Service, providing the age of 64 years. There is now no regular retired list in any for placing a number of officers on a permanent waiting-orders of the civil branches of the Government service. Congress is list at half pay. This was then satisfactory to the Revenue-Cutter being urged by every branch of the civil service to enact legisla- Service and to these officers. This section would more than double tion providing for the retirement on pay of persons incapacitated the pay these officers are now receiving. When the Navy per -through malady or age all through the civil service. At least sonnel bill was passed granting certain special benefits to officers one-tenth of the employees in the classified service of the depart- who might be retired in the Navy, those special benefits were not ments in Washington are above the age of retirement fixed in this conferred upon officers already upon the retired list. But this section. To a certain degree this is true of the Government serv- section proposes not only to create a retired list in the future at ice throughout the land. The question as to what disposition high pay, but to apply that high pay to officers who, on their own shou1d be made of superannuated clerks is a pressing one. solicitation, have heretofore been retired at half pay. Whatever precedent is set in One CaSe will likely be followed in BILLS FOR INCREASE OF SALARIES PENDING MARCH 1, 1902, IN THE SENATE the others. The Life-Saving Service, the Light-House Service, AND HousE oF REPRESENTATIVEs oF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH co:NGRES . the Marine-Hospital Service, as well as the purely clerical service S. 943. To reclassify railway postal clerks and to increase their salaries. Of the Government are all asking for the same thing, or making H. R. 27. To reclassify railwar postal clerks and divide them into ten classes and to increase their sala.nes. requests which will be toward the same thing. If a lil).e can not s. 1345. To classify post-office clerks and to grant them an annual increase be drawn by Congress between the Navy on one side and the in salary of $lOOper annum. Revenue-Cutter Service on the other, it is idle to suppose that H. R. 5286. To provide for the classification of salaries of clerks employed Congress will draw a fixed line between the military establish- inclerks. first and second class post-offices and to increase the salaries of such ment and the Revenue-Cutter Service on one side and the Life- H. R. 5597. To increase the compensation of fourth-class postmasters. · S · d th b h f th 'vil · th th S. 237. To increase the pay of letter can-iers. Saving erviCe an o er. ranc es o e C1 sel'Vl.ce on e 0 er. H. R. 2575. To increase the pay of letter carriers. The only place where a fixed line can be drawn in regard to the H. R. 6279. To increase the pay of letter carriers. creation of retired lists is where it now is-between the military H. R. 654.8. To increase the pay of letter carriers in cities to $1,200 per an· ivil branches of the Government. If this line be crossed num and to increase the pay of rural carriers to $1,000 per annum. and C H. R. 7213. To increase the pay of letter carriers. once, there will never be any line drawn which can not be crossed s. 3287. To increase the pay of judges of the Supreme Court and othet• at all. . courts of the United States. n 5 provides for the appointment of .a medica.l board .of H. R. 205. To increase the salaries of judges of the Supreme Court and Sectio other courts of the United States. five commissioned officers, two from the Marme-Hosp1tal SerVIce H. R. 5816. To increase the salaries of the Vice-President, judges of the and two from the Revenue-Cutter Service, to pass upon the dis- Supreme Court, and members of Congress. ability of officers who appear to be incapacitated for active serv- H. R. 6284.. To increase the salary of the Vice-President to $25,000 and Cabi- net officers to $15,000 per annum. ice prior to reaching the age of 64. This retiring board ought to S.lO'.Mi. To increase the compensation of district superintendents in the consist wholly of medical officers and wholly of officers outside of Life-Saving Service. · nue-Cutter Service. The Revenue-Cutter Service offi- H. R. 76. To increase the compensation of dist1·ict superintendents in the the Reve Life-Saving Service. cers ought not to have the opportunity to retire ea.ch other either H. R. 197. To increase the compensation of district superintendents in the as a matter of favor or of enmity. The question whether an offi- Life-Saving Service. cer is incapacitated for the service, either mentally or physically, H. R. -. To grant an increase of 10 per cent for each five years' service to all persons in the classified service. is a matter Which OUght to be determined by medical experts. BILLS FOR RETIRED LISTS AND PENSIO~S IN THE OIVIL SERVICE PENDING The provision of section 5 in this respect is very objectionable. IN THE FIFTY-SEVENTH coNGREss MARCH 1,1002. Section 6 provides that when a retiring board finds. an officer s. 1992. A bill granting pensions to employees in the ;Life-Saving Service incapacitated for active service, etc., he shall be retired. The disabled by disease or injury, and to the widows and mmor children of em- " ti " ht to b tri k t b f the word " serv ployees in the service who die from injmy or disease contracted in the serv- word ac ve oug e s c en ou e ore - me and for the purpose of the act to rank a superintendent in the Life-Saving ice." If the officer is capable of perfonr~.. ing service, ~e mi~~t se 1~vice with a captain in the Navy, etc. Properly' be designated for so_me of the duties of.the serVI_ce wh1_ch H. R. 163. Granting pensions to certain offic~rs and. enlisted men of ~he +... ti f thi ti Life-Saving Service and to their widows and mmor children and declarmg do not require active sea serviCe. The consLlUC on o s sec on the rank of superintendent in the Life-Saving Service for the purposes of undoubetedly wou1d be that if the officer were incapacitated for the act to be equivalent to that of captain in the NavyJ etc. active service in command of a revenue cutter at sea, then he must H. R. 4377. To retire on full pay certain class of disaoled persons from the full be retire· d w h ereas sue h offi cer m1g· ht b e Y fit f or d u t Y as m-· UnitedH. R .States 7476. To Light-House provide for Service. the retirement of all Government e?Jlployees m. spector in'the Life-Saving Service or in the office in Washington the classified civil service on pay, and fixing the pay to be received by per or on construction or repair work. The whole design of these sons on the retired list, no person to receive over $1,500 per annum. 'dl 'bl · H. R. 8741. To create a commission to provide for the r~tirement of e:m- retirement sections is to retire the o ffi cers as rap1 Y as posSI e m ployees in the classified ci~ servic~ because of s~p~rannuatwn and to reqmre order to make more rapid promotions in the service. persons entering the classified serVIce to ~ffect life msurance for the payment Section 7 provides that where an officer is incapacitated by of i~R.ir0i5t.f~~· ~~~JJ.~1;~th'!~·~f~:~~t~\mp~oyees in the c~assified reason of his own vicious habits and not due to any incident of civil ..service on certain rates of pay and for the establishment of a retrrement the service, he shall be dropped from the s~rvi?e. Th~ p~esent bureau. . f th bli . section is quite a commentary upon the section m the bill m the H. R.l0156. Entitled "A bill to increase the effimency o e pu c sm'Vle& 1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 3425 by r etirement c: disabled and superannuated employees" and providing for mentally, for the pel'formance of manual labor in whole or in part, I have retirement of ciVil "mployees for disability, or after thirty years' service, on the honor to reply as follows: annual pay equal to 15 per cent of the average for the five years preceding Between the ages of- retirement. 14-an

~:::~ rJ ~~g ~ ~=~======--======--======~======1,m DEPART~T OF JuSTICE, Washington, D. C., April12, 1900. SIR: In reply to Senate resolution dated March 16, 1900, directing me to ~Between:::~ ~65 :~~and ~69 years~=~~===:::======.... ------·-----··--·--·-----======160~ communicate to the Senate statement showing the number of parsons em Betwee.n 70 and 74 years ....•...... ••.•.••..•.•..•.• ····-····-·------· 56 ployed in this Department as clerks, messengers, etc., together with their Between 75 and 79 years ....•••... -·--..•... ----...... •.••.. -·--·...... 24 ages, I have the honor to submit herewith the following statement, viz: Over 80 years ------•..... ------·-·· -----•..... -····------10 United Total ...... 4,338 Depart- States pen- . I menta.l itentiary Miscella- (nonex- Kansas' neous (~:x:- Total WAR DEPARTMENT, Washington, April 5, 1900. cepted). (nonex- cepted, . I Sm.: In response to Senate resolution of March 16,1900, I have the honor to cepted). transmit herewith a statement showing by specified ages the number of reg ------1 ular employees in the War Department, and to report that 29 employees have Between the ages- n physical disability, as will be noted from the inclosed statement, which 24 probably renders them unable for the performance of some kinds of manual ~ :~~ ~ =~:::::::::::::::::::::::: M J 1~ 66 labor; but that no employee of the Department is permanently incapacitated-? 4D and 4-9 ••.... -----· •••..•••••••.. 21 22 10 53 either physically or mentally, for the performance of manual labor involvea 4{) in the duties to which assigned. 50 and 59 ...... ···--·-···-·-·-·---- 22 13 5 60 and 64 ········-·········-····--- 3 3 3 9 Very respectfully, G. D. MEIKLEJOHN, 65 and 69 ------······---- 4 ...••••••...••••••••.••. 4 Assistant BecretartJ of War. 70 and 74 •••.•• ··········------2 •••..•••....••...••..... 2 The PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE UNITED STATES SENATE. 75 and 79 ···············------1 ------··---- -·-·---··--- 1 Total ••..•••...... •••..•...•...... __ .•...... __ --1--·- ______-- 1 199 Number of re{!Ular employees in the War Department between specified ages.

ai rti ai ai ai ai ai ai ai rr:here ar~ none on t:tte rolls of this Department who arefermanently inca ai paCitated, either phySlcally or mentally, for the purpose o manual labor, in CIS CIS ce te CIS Q)"" ""Q) ~ $"" Q)"" $"" $"" Q)"" 0"" CIS whole or m part. ~ I» I» I» I» I» I» I» I» Q)"" Very respectfully, JOHN W. GRIGGS, o:> o:> I» ·Bureau or office. ri &i ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Attorney-Gene-ral. tt:! tt:! tt:! tt:! rC rC rC rC rC ~ l=l l=l l=l l=l l=l l=l l=l CIS c:il te ~ te te c:il c:il "" 30 ~ g g >0 Sm: In compliance with the requirements of a resolution of the Senate of ri ~ ~ ~ ~ f2 ~ 0 8 1------March 16, 1900, I have the honor to report the number of employees within - - - the several age periods ~ecified. The total number of persons belonging to Secretary of War.•...•••••.•• ---- 15 15 10 19 5 4 ------68 this Department (excluding the Census Office) may be stated, in round num Record and Pensio.n .....••... 27 100 88 150 60 32 ·io· 2 1 4:70 bers, as H,§Q_). Of these the de~rtmental employees in this city are, approx Adjutant-General-··--···------11 19 19 45 21 16 3 1 ---- 135 imately, 3,ouu. Excludin~ Presidential appointees and laborers, there remain Insc£ecror-General ------1 3 4 1 2 -T ------11 3,255 to whom the resolution seems to apply, as follows: Ju ge-Advocate-GeneraL .... --i- 2 5 3 1 ------12 Between- Quartermaster-General .... __ 8 25 15 42 15 'I ··s· 1 117 33 Commissary-General of Sub- • 003 mtence.------·------1 7 9 7 5 6 1 --3- ---- 36 833 Surgeon-General .•...... ---- 9 25 18 38 12 12 1 ---- 118 718 Paymaster-GeneraL .... _.. _.. 1 15 7 1 1 25 815 Chief of Engineers ...... 6 22 19 19 4: ""5" -T ...... 76 001 Chief of Ordnance .•....••.. '" 5 7 13 8 5 4 1 ...... ---- 43 162 Chief Signal Officer~ ...... ____ ------1 3 ---- 1 -·-- ...... ---- ...... 5 58 ------~~~~~ ~~~~\!_1:\~.:~=-::.~---=-!-_:~!!!i!!\!~~:~:-::;------75 and 79 years, inclusive •••••.••..••••.••••••••••.•.• ---········· •••••• 28 Total ••••.•••••.•.•...•.. 1 86 229 001 344 138 87 m 'I 3 •1,116 Over SO years •.•..••.••••...••••••••••••• ····-······-· .••••••••••••••...• 4

- a Of this number 39 are 1l.borers. Total.----· ...... •..••••.••.•••.••••••..•••.••.•••••••••..•....• 3, 255 From the estimates furnished by the different bureaus and offices of the Department it may be stated that something

XXXV-215 3426 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HO-USE. MARCH 29,

U~"TrED STATES DEPA.RTME.t~ OF AGRICULTURE, places at the boat wagon or the apparatus cart for a supreme effort, with a OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY, courage and determination that has never yet quailed before any hazard, and Washington, D. C., .April9, 1900. executed prodigies of valor and endm·ance that have made them celebrated SIR: In compliance with there olution of the Senate of the United States throughout the land and added to the nation's glory. of March 16, 1900, directing the heads of the Executive Departments "to communicate to the Senate, at the earliest practicable day, statements show The* severity of* this duty* can hardly* be conceived* by peo];lle * accustomed* ing the number of persons employed in their respective departments and to remain at night indoors. Some idea may be framed from the fact that bm·eaus, as clerks, messengers, etc., of the following a~es: Number between men have perished in its discharge, while others have providentially o caped 14 and 19, inclusive; between 20 and 29, inclusive· between 30 and 39, inclusive; death through timely rescue by their comrade . It is not at all unusual between 4D and 49, inclusive; between 50 and 59, inclusive; between 60 and 64:, for the patrolmen to meet with accidents which cripple them through inclusive· between 65 and 69 inclusive; between 70 and 74, inclusive· between stumbling in the dark over driftwood and unseen obsta.cles, and a large pro 75 and 79, inclusive, and above 80; a1'30 the nmnber now on the rolls in there portion of the deaths which have occurred in the service is due to complaints spective departments and bureaus who are permanently incapacitated_, either contracted through exposure on patrol, it frequently happening during the physically or mentally, for the performance of manualL.1.bor, in wh01e or in prevalence of storms that the men are drenched by overfl.ooding seas or by part," I have the honor to h·ansmit the following statement, which is there having to wade through the beach gullies, often waist deep and sometimes sult of a very careful investigation carried out under my direction by the deeper. This duty is considered so important that it is never under any cir appointment clerk of this Department: cumstances omitted\.anq its infraction is held to be unpardonable and is Number in Washington: followed by certain aismissaL Between 14 and 19, inclusive ...... -········--·····-········· 23 In addition to the foregoing regular routine must be added their terrible Between 20and 29, inclusive ...... -·-·--·------·-·------·-· 201 and daring labors at shlpwl'eck. This, of com·se, is their crowning duty, and 220 involves efforts almost superhuman, heroism carried to the very brink of 179 deadly peril, and often death itself. ~:£::~ f6 :~a~: ~~t:i;:: ===~~~~===~~=====~==~====:======~==~===== 141 The soldier in this aze is known and is only justified as one who _profes ======:::::: ======:::::: 40 sionally stakes his life m defense of his fellow-citizens. It is because he does ~~:::~~;~a~:Between 65 and 69, inclusive---·-----·------~~l::~: 17 this that, grown veteran or infirm or falling on the battlefield, we recognize 9 his right and the ri~ht of J?s family to support at the ~xpense.of the :public Between 70 and 74, inclusive------·------he guards. These hfe-savmg crews-these storm soldiers-render a sunilar Between 75 and 79, inclusive------..... ! ...... ------· 4 Above 80 ______.•• ______•.•••. ___ ••• ____ .•••. _.• 0 service, and no less dangerous and noble, and they deserve the same sub stantial recognition. Tot91 ...... ------.------.------.... ···---. ----- In Senate Report No. 200, the present session of Congress, con Outside of Washington: · cerning a bill relating to compensation of district superintendents Between 14 and 19, inclusive ..... ------...... •• ---- ...... 62 of the Life-Saving Service, there is included a letter from the Between 20 and 29, inclusive----···------·--······ 613 General Superintendent of that service containing the following Between 00 and 39, inclusive ...... ------.....• 637 Between 40 and 49, inclusive ...... 431 statement: 252 To these considerations should be added the fact that these officers, in 63 their official routine, are exposed to hardships and dangers which do not fal! 32 to the lot of ordinary officeholders. During the active season, which em fi~j ~ ~~ i. ~i\5~i ~ ~ ~~: =~ ~ ~::~~ ~ ~~: :~~: :~:::: ;;::~: ~ ~:~:~ ~ ~~~ 18 braces the most inclement portions of the year, they have to make frequent Between 75 and 79, inclusive ...... ------...... --·····------8 visits to the several stations in their respective districts, in most instances Above 80 _....• ------.....•.. ------••.•.... _... ______•.•..• ____ ..•• 4 extending hundreds of miles along desolate and inhospitable coasts and dis tant from railroad facilities, often through storms and drifting snows, some Total .... __ .... ______...... ---... ------2,120 times camping out and subsisting on rude and scanty fare, frequently mak ing their way in small boats upon dangerous waters. and always under cir cumstances as widely at variance as is conceivable with the comforts and To~e~~~:1!;?uBjf9,~~n;si~~~~~-~~~~-f--~~~~~~~ ~~-~:: ______~ luxuries of ordinary travel. They are, moreover, frequently smnmoned by the keepers to trying scenes of shipwreck, where all efforts at rescue have proved fruitless and certain failure seems imminent, and on these occasions ~:i~~~~ ~:~a~: ~~i:~;:======~======~======:=====:==== ~i they assume command. In several such instances successful issues have r e t£:::~ t&:~a~~: ~~!~;:======::::::=====:::::::::::::=:::======::: ~g sulted, when otherwise failure must have been inevitable. But their heroic 1 struggles are not always so r ewarded, nor are the hardship3 and perils of their calling always encountered with immunity. * * * The assertion is ventured that no other class of officers in the whole Gov EEE~ ~ Et ~ e~;~i~~~~~~ :~:: =~: ~~~ ~~:~~ ~~:~~ ~: ~:~: :~~~::: ~ ~~~~ ~ ernment is so poorly paid. Above 80 ...... -···------·------·· 4 THE WEATHER BUREAU. Total .. ____ ·------... --- .... ------·------· ...... ------.... 2. 954 The Committee on Agricultttre in the Fifty-sixth Congress re The number now on the rolls in the Department of Agriculture who ported favorably a bill creating a retired list or civil pension list are permanently incapacitated, either physically or mentally, for the per for Weather Bureau employees, and the following were some of formance of manual labor, in whole or in part, is 10, and these are rendered so by reason of a loss of an arm or a limb while in the military service of the the reasons urged in behalf of such employees: United States. (1) They work three hundred and sixty-five days in a year. Their hours Very respectfully, JAMES WILSON, of duty are long. On the Pacific coast the first observat-ion is made between Secretary of Agriculture. 4.00 and 5.00 a. m.\ while on the Atlantic coast the offices can not be closed The PRESIDEl\"T OF THE ENA.TE. before 11 p.m., ana often later. They must be on the alert at all times to detect the first premonitions of storm development and remain constantly on THE LIFE-SA. VING SERVICE. duty in order to distribute warnings that may be received at any moment. The special claim made in behalf of a retired or ~nsion list for (2) They are subject to great vicissitudes of climate, being required to serve, as the exigencies of the service may require, in almost any degree of the Revenue-Cutter Service is that that service 1s particularly latitude, from Alaska to the West Indies. dangerous. Even if we admit this to be true for the sake of argu (3) By reason of the peculiar organization of the service its em:ployees ment, we must further admit that the specially dangerous serv are, like officers of the Army, in a s-reat measure deterred from obtaining a. fixed habitation or enjoying the privileges that accrue to long residence in a ice in behalf of the Government does not end with the Army, eommunity. Changes of station generally operate to their financial disad Navy and Revenue-Cutter Service. An equally strong claim vantage. can be made in behalf of the Life-Saving Service. Indeed, there THE MA.RTh'"E-HOSPITA.L SERVICE. have been pending befor~ Congress for years various propositions The Marine-Hospital Service is probably fully as dangerous, if to create a pension list for the Life-Saving Service. The General not more so, than the Revenue-Cutter Service. I called the at Superintendent of the Life-Saving Service has reported to Con tention of the House, in February, 1901, on the discussion of the gress that between March 1, 1876, and December 31, 1887, 57 per revenue~utter bill then pending, to the fact that three assistant sons died by reason of injury received or disease contracted in surgeons of the Marine-Hospital Service had contracted yellow line of duty in that service and the records of his department fever during the fiscal year then preceding, and to the further show that between January 1, 1888, and December 31, 1900, 105 fact that one surgeon had died of this disease October 12, 18!)9, persons have died by reason of injury received or disease con while engaged in the work of preventing its spread in Key West. tracted in line of duty in the service. In the case of a death like this in that service, there is no pro And the following statements have been made as among the vision of law authorizing the payment of any sum to the family reasons for increasing the compensation to employees in the Life of the deceased or permitting any of those dependent upon the Saving Service and for providing a pension list for them (see deceased to be placed upon the pension rolls. Senate Report No. 87, first session, Fifty-second Congress): But that the Marine-Hospital Service lives in expectation of When the severe toils, bitter privations, and appalling dangers incident to eventually having all the benefits of a retired list and other their calling are considered, and when it is remembered that the spirit with special favors enjoyed by the Army and Navy is readily shown by which these hardships have been met has resulted in the saving of thousands of lives and an amount of property many times exceeding in value the cost the bill (H. R. 7189) intoduced into the Fifty-seventh Congres by of maintaining the service, while the history of their achievements has added the gentleman from Iowa [Mr. HEPBURN] to increase the efficiency luster to the national honor, it would seem that the higher rates would not and change the name of the United States Marine-Hospital Serv be too great a. reward to bestow on these faithful and heroic men. At all events, a substantial increase should be made. ice. That bill proposes to change the name so as to designate the service as the United States health service. It proposes that the * .,. * * * * - * As a consequence of theb' exposure many of the men have fallen victims surgeon-general of the United States health service shall receive to chronic ailments, some have been maimed for life by accidents, and others the same salary and allowances as are now allowed to be paid to have perished on their beats. It is probably safe to say that there is no other class of men engaged in duties at once so tedious and perilous as those the Surgeon-General of the Army. which these faithful guardians of the coast perform in maintaining the un And section 4 of the bill provides that the President may remitting night patrol throughout the rigorous season of the year. But in time of war transfer the officers of this health service to the their labors are not confined to this routine of watch patrol and aaily drill. Summoned in the dead of night or by day in the midst of their ordinary toil Army, as he can now transfer the Revenue-Cutter Servic-c to the to a duty higl:er e:n.n thE~!.', yen alarm that a vesselisa.shore, they take their Navy. 1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE.

pensation on e.ccount of officers who may be killed or may be so injmed. as · The Revenue-Cutter Service now demands a retired list like the to be unable to continue in the performance of their duties. In reply you Navy, because the President is authorized in time of emergency are advised that this office regrets to state that no provision of law has been to transfer revenue cutters to theNavy; If this bill for the Marine made for compensation in these cases. * * * Hospital Service or United States health service becomes a law, I am, respectfully, yours, J. W. YERKES, Commissioner. then that service will demand a retired list, because the President is authorized in times of emergency to use the officers of the serv DEPUTY MARSHALS. DEP A.RTME~'"T OF JUSTICE, ice in connection with the Army. Washington, D. C., February 7, 1902. RAILWAY M.A.Th SERVICE. Hon. JAMES R. M.A:r."'N, House of Representatives. The General Superintendent of the Railway Mail Service, in his Sm: Referring to your letter dated the 24th instant, you are informed that annual report for 1901, furnishes the following statement of casual it would be very difficult (if possible) to ascertain from the records of this ties in that service from 1875 1901: Department the number of deputy United States marshals who have been to injured while in tlie performance of duty during the past year or for several years back. tal 1 Cl k Clerks Clerks Year ended June 30- T ° Ca~ua · .er s seriously slightly There is no provision made for the payment of compensation where dep clerks. ties. killed. injured. injm·ed. uty marshals have been killed or so injured as to be unable to continue in the performance of their duties. The killing of deputy marshals in some ------1 ---~------districts is of frequent occmTenae. This is especially true in the mountain 1875------· ••••••• -·-··. ··--·------2,238 1 ----·· ·--- ···--· ---- districts of the South. 1876------2,415 1 --·--·-io· ·········4 · Respectfully, P. C. KNOX, Attorn,ey-General. 1877 ------· --·------2,500 Z7 2 1878------·----···------·-- 2,608 36 2 15 3 TWO REVENUE OFFICERS KILLED BY MOONSHINERS-BLOODY BATTLE 1879 ----- •••• --·· ------· ------· ---- 2,609 35 3 14 13 FO~GHT IN THE MOUNTAINS OF KENUTCKY. 2,946 1880 ------·------.--·- 26 14 15 LEXIXGTON, Ky., January 27, 1901. 1881 ..... ---· -----·------·- 3,177 62 7 15 22 1882- ---·--. -·-·· •.•• --·------•. -- 3,570 83 3 16 20 The bloodiest battle in the history of the State between moonshiners and 1883------3855 114 1 35 42 revenue officers occm-red January 25 on Elkhorn Creek, on the line between 1884-- --···. ---·· ·------·------3:963 154 7 28 60 Pike and Knott counties. Deputy . Marshal James Hollifield and Simon 1885------••.•.. ------4,387 102 2 35 65 Combs, of the revenue party were killed. Rufus Wooton and Ambrose Am 1886 ------4,573 211 56 60 burgy, of the posse, received flesh wounds, and Blaine Combs was captured. 1887------4,851 244 5 41) 72 As none of the revenue party escaped, reports received haTe been meager. 5,094 248 4- 63 45 Elkhorn Creek is 00 miles from the nearest railroad station and in a rough 1888------will be 1 9 ------···------5,443 193 10 95 40 mountain country. A strong force of revenue officers sent after the 1 90------5,836 261 4 41 53 'shiners. 1891.------6,032 219 13 68 84 189-Z .. ----- •...•... ----•• -- •...••.... 6,417 341) 5 60 ll2 UNITED STATES CIVIL SERVICE RETIREMEJ~i"T ASSOCIATION, 1893------6645 403 10 66 115 Washington, D. C., Februm·y t8, 1902. 1894------6'856 362 4 48 99 Hon. JAMES R. M..U."'N, 1895------7'045 497 7 50 L'>S United States House of Representatives. 1896------7:408 495 5 47 65 DEAR Srn: Your favor of tne 24th instant requesting to be informed 1897- ---· ~------7,573 589 H 33 75 whether any bill has been introduced into the House or Senate designed to 1 ------7,999 597 7 34 146 carry out the wishes of our association has been received. 1899------8,388 799 6 50 162 I regret to state that we have been unable as yet to present our measure. 1\XlO------·------8695 697 4 57 187 The delay has been caused by a number of ~cumstance s, chief among which 1901 ..... -·- --- ••. ------••.• ---- 8;978 825 7 63 229 has been the difficulty in obtaining accurate and reliable data from which to base the measure. We hcpe, however, to have a bill inb·oduced in the near This statement shows that during the fiscal year of 1901 7 rail futm·e, and we will promptly notify you of the fact and send you an advanced way mail clerks were killed, 63 seriously injured, and 229 slightly copy of the proposed ·measure. injured while on duty. This is stated to be the largest number Secretary United States Civil Service Retirement Association. killed and injured during any fiscal year since the service was organized, notwithstanding the fact that great improvements CLERKS' PENSION PROJECT-BILL BEING DR.AliTED TO RETIRE AGED GOV have been effected in railroad operations. ERNMENT EMPLOYEE8-PROPOSED · SYSTEM OF CARING FOR LIFELONG Superintendent White most earnestly urges legislation which WORKERS BEING FOR.Ml;LATED BY COMMITTEE IN CHARGE. For several weeks the rooms of the executive committee of the United will provide for the retirement of injured or superannuated States Civil £ervice Retirement Association, in the Evans Building, 1424 New clerks on pension, and he calls attention to the fact that that York avenue, have been the scene of great activity. This committee is com service has been for some time urging a pension list, just as the posed of the president of the association, Jacob W. Starr, Vice-Presidents Pickens Neagle and Solomon E. Faunce, Secretary John E. Brooks, Treas Revenue-Cutter Service has, in the following language: urer Henry C. Swan, and RQbert Armour, W. W. Rite, Raymond Loranz That this office has been very persistent in its efforts to secure some legisla: George W. Harsch, E. A. Edifford, C. H. Campbell, Joseph Stewart, David tion, in the way of a relief bill or superannuatien act, to provide for our per A. Caldwell, George A. Bacon, Danus A . Green, A. F. McMillan, C. E. Bald manently disabled and worn-out clerks has been shown in the recommenda ~. and Israel W. Stop.e, r~pre.senting f!oll the Executive Depar~m.ents and tions it has made in its annual r eports for the last ten years. mdependent bureaus m thiS City, and IS charged by the assomation with formulating and presenting a bill to Congress which shall have for its object And, referring to the bill which was introduced in Congress for the retirement of the superannuated employees not only of the civil service the purpose of granting a pension to railway mail clerks, Super in Washington, but also of the force in the United States at large, such as the post-offices, custom-houses, subtreasuries\ etc. intendent White says: To that end its labor has been unrenntting and laborious. The regular In its favor is the admission of everyone who ~ves the nature of the occu meetings of the committee are held on Saturday evening, at which much is pation consideration that the service very 'hazardous. The work of a ~~ess of a _routine natur~ is ac~d on and conferences are held over propo ·postal clerk is performed under a high tension, drawing largely on his mental Sitions subnntted for cons1deration. A large amount of correspondence is and physical make-up, and after years of this constant strain he is completely had with somewhat similar organizations throughout the country-from worn out. It seems, therefore, evident that some provision should be made Boston to San Francisco and from Detroit toNew Orleans-aJld the secretary for his retirement, which now involves the relinquishment of all means of is kept busy in answering the scores of inquiries coming in from all quarters. support. The labors of the committee, while pleasurable, have been somewhat oner [From the Evening Star, January 10, 1902.) ous. AB early as the second session of the last Congress it succeeded in hav The railway mail clerks hope for favorable action at this session of Con ing a resolution pass the Senate calling u_pon the Executive Departments fo:r gress upon their bill to enable them to secure retirement upon disability and such detailed information as would enable it tQ forrimlate a bill to present to other measures of relief, and in discussing the bill this morning with a Star the present Congress. Information was so furnished by the Executive De representative, J. H. BROMWELL, of Ohio, an active member of the Commit partments, but owing to the difference of interpretation as to the details tee on Post-Offices and Post-Roads, who has ably championed the cause of desired much of it could not be used. Therefore at its own expense it had the clerks, said: some 00,000 cards printed, which, by the kindness of the heads of depart "I sincerely hope that Congress will give heed to the request of these faith ments, were placed on the desk of each employee, and collected and sent to ful men, who are of in>aluable ser.vice to the public, yetwho,shut up in their the committee rooms. The card required of each employee his or her age on postal cars, are seldom seen. The letter carrier is a familiar sight, but the birthday preceding July 1, 1901, present salary per annum, total years of railway-mail clerk wo::l;:s at his hazardous occupation with a zeal and in GQvernment service, exclusive of military or naval, and the name of the de dustry which only those who have been brought mto close contact with him partment where now employed. can appreciate." There have been more than 20 000 of these cards received, and the commit tee have them nearly all assorted. This has taken much time and labor, the members often working until a late hour in the evening. In making this as REVIDanies which make a 1 $92,500.00 specialty of writin~ pension policies. One of the leading msurance companies ~ ~~J:t!~niB:at-: :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ~:~: ~ 66,600.00 in this class of busmess is the Wilhelma-Magdeburg, which issues policies to 37 second lieutenants, at_------.------·-- 1, 500.00 55,500.00 employees between the ages of 21 and 40 years, inclusive. The annual pre 37 third lieutenants, at------·------1,200. 00 44,400.00 miums equal10 per cent of the yearly salary of the insured employee at the 1 captain of engineers,at ____ ---·------·------2,500. 00 2,500.00 time of effecting the insurance, and, in addition, 4.per cent of each increase 35 chief en~ears,a~ ------·------1,800.00 63,000.00 of salary, which is, however, only to be paid once. Pensions are paid when 17 first assiStant engmeers,at------1,500.00 25,500.00 an employee is injured so as to be unable to work, after five years' service, 18 se0ond assistant engineers, at------'------1,200.00 21,600.00 or when he becomes 65 years of age. Pensions are also paid to widows and 1 constructor,at ----- ______------·----·------______1,800. 00 1,800.00 minor children up to the age of 18 years. The amount of the pension _paid is -----!------equal to ten-sixtieths of the average yearly salary drawn and, in addition, Total.------··-·------_------373,400.00 one-sixtieth of such average yearly salary for each year of service above five years, but the whole pension is not to exceed forty-five sixtieths of such average yearly salary. RETIRED AND W .A.ITING-ORDERS LISTS. THE MITTEL-DEUTSCH CREDIT BANK. Each employee pays an initiation fee of 5 per cent of his yearly salary when he enters the service and 5 per cent of each increase of his salary and 1 !~t~~~~; ~,;:: :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: I ~~:~ 1:!: ~ then ;pays as yearly dues 3 per cent of his salary up to 3 000 marks and 4 per 1 second lieutenant, at------750.00 1o0.00 cent m excess of 3,000 marks up to 41000 marks. An employee who has served twenty-five years and has passed his sixty_-fifth year is entitled to a pension. 1 third lieutenant, at------600.00 600.00 The amount of the :{>ension is based upon~ per cent of the last-drawn salary 9 chief engineers, at_------900.00 8, 100.00 for ten years' serVIce; 1 per cent additional for each year of the second 6 first assistant engineers,at------·------750.00 4,500,00 t.en-years' service and 2 per cent additional for each year of service above 3 second assistant engineers, at ______------600.00 1,800. 00 twenty years' service; provided that the total J?ension shall not exceed 2,400 i------:------ marks per year. There are various other proVl.Sions and details concermng TotaL ------· ------·· ·------~ ---- -·----1 26,850.00 this pension scheme. THE GERl!AN GOVER..~""T. RECAPITULATION. Total active $373,400.00 In general, the German Government grants pension for each em:{>loyee of Total retiredlist_------and waiting-orders 26,850.00 the Government if, .&fter a service of at least ten years, he becom,es mcapaci- lists ______------• tated. Or if he is mjured while on duty, he is entitled to a pension even if the service is less than ten years. The rate of ~nsion is twenty-eightieths of Total_------.• ----.------.------· 400,250.00 the salary for ten years' service, and an additional one-eightieth for each ensuing year of service, but shall not exceed sixty-eightieths. ·Pay table under proposed law for fiscal year ending June SO, 189.... RETIRED LIST IN THE ARMY. ACTIVE LIST. In the Army there are two retired lists-one the ·limited re Annual tired list, and the other the unlimited retired list. The limited salary. Total. list is limited by act of Congress to 350, and on it are placed of ficers who are retired prior to the age of 64 years, such as those $129' 500. 00 retired for physical disability or for length of service. When of fs ~~li~t!!a~ts~ at-==~==:==~=====~=====~====::::::::::::~:~:~ 37,800.00 7 first lieutenants, at------____ 2,340. 00 16,380.00 ficers on the limited list become 64 years of age they are trans 15 first lieutenants, at------·------··---- 2,160. 00 32,400.00 ferred to the unlimited list. 13 second lieutenants, at ______------·------1,800. 00 23,400.00 The unlimited list consists of officers who are retired on ac 10 second lieutenants, at------·----_------1, 650.00 16,500.00 14 second lieutenants, at------1,500. 00 2l,OOJ.OO count of reaching the age of 64 years. 37 third lieutenants, at------1,400. 00 51,800.00 RETIRED LIST IN THE NAVY. 1 captain of engineers, at------3,500.00 3,500.00 21 chief en~Pneers, at------2,520.00 52,920.00 In the Navy, under sections1443, 1444, and 1445 of the Revised 6 chief engllleers, at ____ -----.------·------.----- 2, 340.00 14,0i0.00 Statutes, officers above the grade of lieutenant, commander and 8 chief en~eers, at------·----·----.-·-··------2, 160.00 17,280.00 1 first assistant engineer, a.t----·-----·-·------·------·-- 1,800.00 1,800.00 below the rank of vice-admiral shall be retired on reaching the age 16 first assistant engineers, at ______------1,650.00 26,400.00 of 62 and may be retired upon their own application after forty 5 second assistant engineers, at ______. ______------1, 540.00 7,700.00 years' service. Under the personnel bill, approved March 3, 1899, 13 second assistant engineers, at ____ ------1,400. 00 18,200.00 1 constructor, at ____ ------1,800. 00 1,800.00 a limited number of officers of the grades of captain, commander, r------1------and lieutenant-commander may be retired upon their own appli Total __ . ___ ---- ______--·--_. ------. __ -----. _-- 4i2, 420.00 cation under section 8, and under the provisions named in section 9 there may, under certain circumstances, be compulsorily retired RETIRED LIST. not more than 5 captains, 4 commanders, 4lieutenant-commanders, and 2lieutenants in any one year. 12 ta' t S2 625 oo $31,500.00 Officers may also be retired for incapacity resulting from inci- 15ga.Jef=~eei-"s;at~~::::_·:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1:890:00 28,350.00 dental service under act of August 3,1861, and under certain coh- 4 fl.rstlien.tenants, at---····------·---·------1,890.00 7,560.00 ditionsfu for physicalrtf · disabilityth underf otherthis bill acts. th . t te t 1se

'. 1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 3429

REC.APITUL..A.TION • In other words, they receive 15 per cent less than the full pay . Total pay on active list ••...•••...• ------.••....••· .••••••••.•.• $472,420.00 of their rank when on shore in this country. Total pay on retired list . -·····--_------····-·-· 83,992.50 In addition to the above amounts, they receive 10 per cent in Total ____ ------··...... 556,412.50 crease for each period of five years' service up to an increase of · Total pay on active and retired lists under presentlaw...... • 400,250.00 Total pay on active and retired lists under proposed law...... 556,41.2. 50 40 per cent. Ensigns and lieutenants (junior grade) in the Navy receive $24 WASHINGTON, D. C., February £6, 1902. per month for commutation of quarters when not furnished pub Sm: The Bureau is in receipt of your letter of me 24th instant, requesting lic quarters, lieutenants receive $36 per month, and lieutenant the rate of pay of a lieutenant-commander in the Navy who has a service of commanders $48 per month. By reason of the longevity pay, the twenty years, both for sea duty and shore duty; and in reply thereto begs to inform you that an officer of this rank and service receives while at sea, salary of a lieutenant-commander is practically $3,500 per year, $3,500, without any allowances, and on shore, in the United States, $2,9'75 besides allowances. and quarters. If quarters are not furnished in kind, he is entitled to com Pay in the Arrny. mutation thereof at the rate of $48 per month. Respectfully, A. S. KENNY, Commuta- Paym,aster-General United States Navy. . tion of Hon. JAMEs R. MANN, Officers. sa larles. quarters House of Representatives, Washington, D. C. per month. PAY IN THE NAVY. Officers on the active list in the Navy receive the following Majors ...... $2,500 Captains_ ...... 1,800 ~ rates of pay: First lieutenants ...... 1,500 24 Lieutenant-commandeFS on sea duty...... ••..••....•..•...... •..••••••.. $2; 500 Second lieutenants ...... 1,400 24 Lieutenant-commanders on shore duty...... 2,125 Lieutenants on sea duty __ -···-·-•..... ---·······...... 1,800 Lieutenants on shore duty---·······-·························~...... 1,500 In addition to the above salaries they receive 10 per cent in Lieuterumts (junior grade) on sea duty ...... 1,500 crease for each five years' service up to an increase of 40 per Lieutenants (Junior gra{].e) on shore duty...... 1,275 cent, so that practically the salary of a major is $3,500 a year, =~ g~ =~ugty·~~: ::::~:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: i:~ besides allowances. ·

VARIOUS STATEMENTS .A.ND LETTERS SHOWING COMPARISONS BETWEEN S.A..L.A.RIES P.A..ID TO REVRN'UE-CUTTER OFll'ICERS .A.ND S~IES P.A..ID ON OTHER VESSELS BELONGING TO THE CIVIL BRANCH OF THE GOVERNMENT AND SALARIES P.A..ID IN THE MERCHA...'q'T M.A.RTh"'E, A'l'\TD SHOWING TIJAT REVENUE CUTTER OFFICERS NOW RECEIVE FAR HIGHER S.A.L.A.RIES THAN ARE P.A..ID FOR CORRESPONDING SERVICE IN THE MERCHANT MARTh'E. Yearly or ·monthly pay.

Lieutenants, officers, or mates. Engineers and assistants. Captain Vessels. Ton nage. Firf!t or Second m~:ier. chief. · Third. Fourth. Chief. First. Second. Third. Fourth. Eighth. ------1------t----1----1------Revenue cutters. Seminole, at Boston .... _...... 588 $2,500.00 $1,800.00 ...... $1,200.00 ------$1,800.00 •$1,500.00 ...... ------...... Chandler, Boston Harbor------95 ...... 1,800.00 ...... 1,8(X).00 Calumet, at New York Harbor duty .... 123 ------1,800.00 ------...... 1,800.00 Windom, at Baltimore ...... 398 2,500.00 l,S(X).OO $:!,500.00 ------...... 1,800.00 ;i:500:oo· ======:::: 1\Iorrill, at Milwaukee ...... 288 ~.500.00 1,800.00 •1,500.00 1,200.00 ------1,800.00 ------Sl-,200. 00 ------...... ----··---· Rush, at Sitka, .Alaska ...... ------000 2,500.00 ------•1,500.00 •1,200.00 ------1,800.00 1,500.00 1,200.00 ------...... ------· United States transports. Viking...... 141 165.oo ___ ioo:oo· .... _. . ______oo.oo --::.::·------...... 75 00 ------= ___ &r~l-trooP'siiii>::::::===::::::::::::::::: g;~ 3,~:~ 1,500.oo 900.oo ---7so:oo· --im:oo -2,1oo:oo· ·i.~:oo· ·i:~ .-oo- ··sooo:o,i' :::::::::: :::::::::: . Atlantic coast transports...... 200.00 100.00 75.00 65.00 60.00 150.00 100.00 75.00 65.00 ...... Coast Survey steamers. Pathfinder, in Alaska...... 469 125.00 100.00 60 ...... 140.00 McArthur, in Alaska _...... 100 100.00 115.00 Marine Hospital.

Steamer Welch Gulf ...... · ~--- .. .. 90.00 Light-House Seroice. 165.00 90.00 115.00 90.00 :f:~~d~~Cferiiiiimn.: :::::: ::::::::::~::::::: ~ 150.00 80.00 80.00 75.00 Tender Mayflower...... 572 150.00 80.00 ---·ro:oo· ::: ~ =~ ~~-= :::::::::: 80.00 75.00 Tender Azalea...... 423 150.00 80.00 50.00 -···· ------100.00 75.00 Steamer America...... 1,002 :m.oo 100.00 70.00 50.00 ...... 125.00 80.00 Tender Amal-a.nthon lakes...... 743 150.00 80.00 50.00 ------...... 90.00 ' 65.00 Atlantic coast light vessels generally...... 1,00).00 780.00 960.00 780.00 Merchant-marine steamers. American mail: St. Louis ...... ll,629 IID.OO 70.00 60.00 40.00 150.00 100.00 85.00 70.00 $65.00 $50.00 Mexico (New York to Habana) ...... 5,567 00.00 45.00 ------150.00 00.00 75.00 60.00 ------...... ---- Admiral Sampson ...... 2,104 70.00 40.00 125.00 90.00 70.00 55.00 ___ ,.. __ ---- Oceanic (British) ...... 17,274 97.ro 63.18 '""53.'ia' """38.'88' 170.10 87.48 82.62 72.00 ----63:i8' 48.68 Kaiser Wilhelm (German) ...... 14, M9 ul66.64 38.08 00.94 ~.80 119.00 71.4{) 60.69 51.17 41.65 26.18

a2 each. Great Lakes stearners, yearly or monthly wages.

Officers or mates. Engineers. Tonnage. Captain or l ----...,.----- l ----~---...... ,.----l Months master. First. Second. Chief. Second. Third. peryear.

Goodrich Transportation Co.: $1,500 $1,500 3 ~~=~- ::::::::: ~: ::::: t ~ 1,800 ~ ~g l,flJ ~ :::::::::::: 4 150 65 45 90 ------4 ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1,177 150 65 45 125 00 f:Jf:~_::::::: :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: Williams Transportation Line, 4 steamers (each) ...... 700 • 115 65 --··-- ...... 114: ------:::::::::::: ...... ij . South Haven Line (say average is about) ------·---- ...... 1,lm 800 •...... 75" 1,lm Manitou Steamship Co., steamship :Manitou------·---- 3,00> 2,00> 100 1,500 ...... ioo- ...... Sfs· ------·--·s· Lake Michigan and Lake Shore Transportation Co., passenger steamship City of Traverse------ 1,153 165 85 125 ...... 7! Average wages on British >essels in foreign trade of 2,00> tons ------or over in 19(X). ___ .... __ .... ____ ..... ----- ...... --·--···---- 57 {() 89 62 47 ...... Average wages on German steamships in foreign trade in 1900...... 82 47 81. 82 49 ------. 3430 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE . MARCH 29,

[From Report of Commissioner of Navigation.] Average mo-nthly wages paid to first engineers, etc.-Continued. Ave1·age rcd cs of monthly wages p aid in the American merchant marine for fiscal yem· ended June SO, 1901. Steam. ATLANTIC Al\"D GULF . ' ~ ~ ~ ui "0 -~ ~- COASTING T RADE Port. 0 ..... Q) $ l=l • • ~ • Q) rn continued. rn~ aS ..., d rn l=l 0 oo 1-< Q) o ~ § a o.s ~ ..., s rg Over 1,500 tons...... a .S P. ~ 0 ~ § r.o ~ o.E ,;::l d ...... Q)(;l ...... C) boO New Orleans . •...... ---~- - -- ~~~----- $125.00 l$~.00 ------$125.00 $125.00 S C5 1£: rn 1£: ~ r15 New York~~------·-- $105.00 $125.00 ------125.00 ~.00 125. 00 125.00 Norfolk·------~~ ------~- ~~~-- -~ -- -- -~-~------TO GREAT BRITAIN. I------Philadelphia------125.00 120. 00 125. 00 ~ --- -~------15-1. 16 Prondence ..... ~------______1il0.00 ______

From {j()() to 1,500 tons. Av&rage r.wnthly wages paid to fi rst mates on American steamers, 18[)4 to 1901. New Y::,~~~~~=--- •..... 825. 00 $00.00 $40.00 360.00$45.00 $00.00 $115. OOr .OO Port. 1894:. 1895. 1897. 1898. 1899. 1900. 190L ------·1------New York------1 25.001 37.50 50.00120.001 '70.001 40.00 1 150.001100.00 TO WEST INDIES, MEX I CO AND CE]).'"TRAL TO OUTH AMERICA. I AMERICA. F-rom 500 to 1,500 tons. Over 1,500 to-ns. Norfolk ...... •••.•.•...•.... 25.00 ••••.. 00.00 60.00 45.00 00.00 100.00 70.00 ======:::::::: :::::::: Philadelphia ....•..•...... 25.00------75.00 50:00 30.00 125.00 75.00 t~~~:~~===~::;:::::Boston ______------·=~======------~~~---- -~~~-70.00 $60. 00 S'i'O.OO --~~~70.00 New Orleans ....•..... ~~------75.00 75.00 ------·- 75.00 75.00 Ot:er 1,fj()() ton-S. New York ...... •.•... $80.00 $80. 00 -----~-~ 50.00 65. 00 75.00 75.00 Norfolk------~----~-~--~ ------~~~------~~--~~ --- ~-~ 70.00 New York------25.00 00.00 40.00 80.00 60.00 40.00 125.00 75.00 Philadelphia------75.00 75.00 65. 00 ------60.00 70.00 69.53 Norfolk ------!----- 25.00------35.00 65.00------35.00 llO.OO 75.00 Port Townsend,------~------Providence ______------·~------TO WEST INDIES, MEXICO, San Francisco ...... ------100.00 ------100.00 AND CE]).-,.RAL AMERICA. ATLANTIC AND GULF F-rom 500 to 1,500 tons. COASTING TRADE. Over 1,500 tons. Baltimore ...... ••...... 25.00 30.00 35.00 55.00 45.~ 00.00 100.00 70.00 Boston ....•..•.•..•••...... 25.00 00.00 00.00 70.00 40.~ 1 40.00 125.00 90.00 Bal imore ...... ------65.00 ------70.00 75.00 New York------25.00 00.00 35.00 65.00 45.w 35.00 115.00 75.00 Bath--~------______Boston ______------·------70.00 70.00 Ol:er 1,500 tons. Mobile ...... •..... ------ New Bedford~------Baltimore .....•••••••...... 00.00 35.00 35.00 60.00 45.00 35.00 115.00 70.00 NewOrleaus ....••.... ------75.00 75.00 ------75.00 75.00 Boston------25.00 00.00 35.00 70.00 40.00 40.00 125.00 90.00 NewportNews ...... ------~ ---~---- ...... ------NewOrle~ms -----·------00.00 35.00 60.00 75.00 50.00 50.00 125.00 75.00 NewYork ...... 65.00 80.00 -----·-- 65.00 65.00 75.00 70.00 New York------25.00 30.00 40.00 75.00 55.00 35.00 125.00 80.00 Norfolk------·------Norfolk __ .....• ---·------25.00 ...... _____ 70.00 45.00 35.00 100.00 70.00 Philadelphia------75.00 llO. OO 70.00 ------75.00 Philadelphia ______25.38 30.17 31.00 69.53 40.81 34.89 122.19 86.41 Portland------____ .____ ------Providence ______------75.00 ------ATLANTIC AND GULF COAST IXG TRADE. GOODRICH TRANSPORTATION COMPANY, SUPERINTENDENT'S OFFICE, Under 500 tons. Chicago, February 6, 1902. DEAR Srn: Your letter of February 1 addressed to this company has been Baltimore ...... •••••...... 25.00 00.00 •..... 75.00 45.00 35.00 110.00 75.00 handed to me for attention, and I gladly attach hereto the information Philadelphia ...... •..•.... 25.00------30.00 65.41 ...... 35.00 102.67 65.~ called for. · You will note that the captains and engineers of the steamship ColurnbttS From WO to 1,500 to-ns. and steamship Virginia get a yearly salary, but the officers of the other boats do not draw pay during the winter lay-up season. Baltimore...... ••••.•..... 25.00 &1.00 ...... 75.00 45.00 35.00 125.00 75.00 Trusting that this fully covers what you desire, I am JOUrs, respectfully, Boston------25.00 30.00 ~-00 65.00 40.00 35.00 115.00 85.00 New Orleans------·------00.00 35.00 60.00 75.00 50.00 50.00 125.00 75.00 D. M.. COCHRANE, Superintendent. New York ...... 25.00 00.00 35.00 65.00 45.00 35.00 115.00 75.00 Mr. JAMES R. MANN', House of Rep1·ese1~tatives, Washingto-n, D. C. Average monthly wages paid to first engineers o-n American steam vessels, 1894 Salaries of officm·s. to 1901. ~ Chief S8x>nd Gross Mas- engi- engi- First Second In com- Port. Boat. tons. ter. officer. officer. mission. 1895. 1897. 1898. neer. neer. 4899.i~ ~ ------TO WEST INDIES, MEX C

LAKE MICHIGAN AND LAKE SUPERIOR ~:!~!~~~==:::::======:==== ~:~ m:~ m:~ lli:~ TRANSPORTATION COMPANY, ======--i25:oo Chicago, Februa1-y 7, 1902. ~=~~~~-======Providence ______------~~~-125.00 ------115.00 ~~~~-115.00 ll5.00 Hon. JAMES R. MANN, M. C., Washington, D. C. Waldoboro ______------125.00 ------DEAR Srn: In reply to your letter of the 1st instant, the rate of wages paid Wilmington...... 75.00 ------by u.s to masters, mates, and engineers on our passenger steamers is as follows: Ove-1· 1,500 to-ns. . Per month. Masters _------••••••• ------__ ...• ------_----- $1!>5 Baltimore.------·-··· ------ll5. 00 ------110.00 125.00 Mates ___ . _•••••.••• _------__ .•.. ------•••. ____ ----••. ..• 85 Boston .•.•••••••••••••• ------·-····------···---- 110.00 125.00 Eng~eers .••• ______-··------•••.•• ------··----••...••••••••• ----•••• ---- JJ..5 1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 3431

The time they are employed is about seven and one-half months which is 1 assistant navigating officer, at $900 per annum ______-·------S900 the ext-ent of our season of navigation. The engineers usually put in a little 1 watch officer, at $150 per month·------l,SO:J longer time than masters or mates, and their time would probably extend 4 watch officers, at $].35 per month ...... ------!l,OO over eight months. It depends on the work there is to do in their depart 2 watch officers, at $130 per month ...... ------3 120 ment. The gross tonnage of our passenger steamers is as follows: Steamer 3 watch officers, at 8125 per month ______---·------4:500 City of Traverse, 1,153 tons; steamer Peerless, 1,199 tons. There are no wages 2 watch officers, a.t $120 per month ...... ------·------2,880 paid during the lay-up season in winter except for ship keepers. .Any other 2 watch officers, at Sll5 per month.------2,'i60 information required will be pleased to furnish. 1 w~tch o~cer, at SUO per month _____ ------1,~ Yours, truly, 1 chief engmeer, at SHO per month------1,680 C. F. A. SPENCER, Secreta1'1J. 2 chief engineers, at :3130 per month------·--- 3 120 4 chief engineers, at Sll5 per month------·-- 5,520 9 deck officers a.t $100 per month------10, 800 TIIE H. W. WILLIAMS TRANSPORTATION LTh-r:E, 1 deck officer, at SBO per month---·------7al South Haven, Mich., Februa1'1J 7, 1902. 5 surgeons, at $1.25 per month ______------·------...... ----·------7, 500 Hon. JAMES R. M..U."N, 2 assistant surgeons, at $110 per month._------.-----_------2,640 House of Rep1·esentatives, Washington, D. C. 2 captains' clerks, at SilO per month ______------·------2,640 DEAR SIR: In reply to yours, 1st instant, below find information asked: 2 captains' clerks, at $75 per month ...... ------;,---- 1,800 Masters, S115; mates, $65; engineers, Sll4 per month, during season naviga Respectfully, tion only, which commences about March 15 and closes about December 1; 0. H. TITTMANN, Superintendent. average gross tonnage our four steamers, 700 tons. Y 0 urs, truly, PAY OF REVENUE-CUTTER OFFICERS ON GREAT LAKES. THE H. W. WILLIAMS TRANSPORTATION LINE, PerM. E. PEARMAN. The present statute fixing the pay of officers of the Revenue Cutter Service provides for a substantial reduction of the pay SOUTH HAVEN LTh"E STEAMERS, DID\KLEY COMPANY, while the officers are on leave of absence or while waiting orders: Chicago, Februa1'1J 6, 1902. The Revenue-Cutter Service calculates the Revenue-Cutter ves Hon. JAMES R. M.ANN, sels on the Great Lakes as in commission eight months in the House of Representatives, Washington, D. C. year. (See Appendix S, last Book of Estimates.) DEAR Srn: Replying to your esteemed favor of the 1st instant, relative to scale of wages which we pay to the masters, mates, and engineers on our pas The cutter .Mm"rill, for instance, has 7 commissioned officers. senger steamers, would say: She is stationed at Milwaukee, Wis. During the fiscal year end We are a new line, just having opened up the business last year, hence ap ing June 30, 1901, she traveled a total distance of 9,092 miles and pointed no annual men, with one exception. However, during our short sea son the chief engineer drew about Sl,OOOj the captain approximately the same. was steaming a total of thirty-six days twelve hours and forty We had·several chan~es in mates, which averaged 65 per month for first minutes for the entire year. During the months of January, mate; Eecond mate, $55 per month. February, and March, 1901, she did not travel a mile .nor have I understand the line men were mostly employed by the year this past sea son, and $1,200 for the captains and chief engineers is a very fair estimate; the steam up. During the months of December, 1900, and April, mates about SSOO per year. 1901, together, she was under steam less than a total of four We will be very glad to furnish you any information in our power at any days. Her seamen were discharged, her officers had nothing to time. We appreciate many of these subjects are for the good of the service. Yours, very truly, do, but they continued to draw fuJI pay. G.P.CORY, General Manager, Statement showing tonnage, number of officers and men, and monthly salaries paid on various vessels. :MANITOU STEAMSHIP COMP..U."Y, GENERAL PASSENGER DEPARTMENT, Number of Total Chicago, Februa1'1J 5, 1902. Gross officers Vessel. tonnage. and men monthly Bon. JAMES R. MANN, employed. pay. House of Representatives, Washington, D. C. DEAR Sm: In reply to your favor of the 1st-instant I have the pleasure to state that this company owns and operates the steamship Manitou, 3,000 gross Revenue-cutter Windom ..... -----·------398 44 $1,975 tonna&'e. This ship is an exclusively passenger carrier, and is therefore in Revenue-cutter Rush ...... ----····----...... 300 41 2,227 comnussion only about three months in the year, and for that reason the Re\enue-cutter Morrill------ 288 43 1,916 wages which we pay to our employees may not be a proper criterion for the Revenue-cutter Seminole ----...... ------ 588 56 2,a'O pm·poses for which you desire the information. Reyenue-cutter Calumet_------··--- 123 12 800 Our captain receives a salary of g2,0C0 for the season, but we have his serv Revenue-cutter Chandler------ 95 12 79i) ices for the entire year in case we require it. The same holds &"OOd as to our Mail steamer Mexico, New York to Haba.na. 5,567 92 2,940 chief engineer, who receives a Ealar~ of $1500. Our second engmeer receives l\lail steamer Admiral Sampson------2,104 51 1, 92i) $100 per month and the third Si5 per month. · Our fu·st mate receives S100per American steame1· St. Louis_ ...... ·----- ___ _ 11,629 380 11,006 month and the second mate S75 per month, but it must be borne in mind that German steamer Kaiser Wilhelm----...... _ 14,349 500 7 715 the four latter officers are probably employed from four to five months dur British steamer Oceanic ______17,274 427 9:891 ing the year, as it will take the additional time over the actual running sea son to fit out and lay up the ship. Trusting that thiS information may be of some service to you, I am, CALUMET. Very truly, yours, JOS. BEROLZHEIM, [123 tons.] General Passenger Agent. Rate of Total Crew. pay. pay. UNITED STATES COMMISSION OF FISH AND FISHERIES, Washington, D. C., Feln-ua1y 4, 1902. Hon. JAMES R. M.ANN, 1 pilot------········------·······------$100 $100 House ofRepresentaUves, Washington, D. C. 4 seamen,each. ------45 180 DEAR Srn: Replying to your inquiry of February 3, I have the honor to 3 fu•emen,each______50~ 150 say that the vessels of this Commission, with the exception of a sea- wing 1 wardroom steward.------·------35 35 'schooner and several launches, are officered and manned by the Navy.~1 The ~ cook ______---·------·------35 35 master of the schooner receives $1,500 per annum, the first mate Sl,Uu"(), and , ----f--- the second mate g840. The launches are not specially provided with crews ~ 0 ------·------500 but when used are placed in char~e of other employees competent to operate them. There are several machinists appropriated lor in the Commission who are competent to act as engineel'S of the small vessels, whose pay is S960 per annum. Very respectfully, GEO. M. BOWERS, Commissioner. 12.------· --···· ...... ------·-· ------·-· ------800 TREASURY DEPARTMENT, CHANDLER. OFFICE Oll' THE COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY, [95 tons.] Washington, D. C., Felm.La1'1J 5, 1902. Hon. J. R. M.ANN, House of Representatives. Rate of Total Crew. pay. pay. Sm: In response to your request of the 3d instant, I give below a list of the officers attached to the vessels of the Coast and Geodetic Survey. All ------·------officers on these vessels are either su...ryeyors or under instructions as sur- 1 pilot $100 $100 veyors, and all take an active part in the navigation and management of the 1 boa.tswaiii::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 45 45 vessels; consequently the service makes no such classification as is indi- 4 seamen each 45 180 cated in your note, the officers being indiscriminately assigned to the deck, 2 fil'eme:d, each·::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 50 100 to boat and landing parties to meet the varying conditions, the existence of 1 wardroom steward.------35 35 certain designations which are more purely nautical than others being sim- 1 cook .... ______. ______------____ ------35 35 ply the result of the form in which the appropriation is made. ------495 1 commanding officer,at ~~,400 per annum_----...... ------...... $2,400 10.------·------·- ---- 2 commanding officers, at ~.200 per annum...... 4,400 4 commanding officers, at $1,600 per annum------·---·- 6,400 • Per month. ~ ~~~tin~~ffi~~~~~ sf.l&~f:~~~: ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: t ~ 1g~m~~alar:::::::::::::::: ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ~ 1 assistant nav!gat!ng officer, at $1,00> per annum...... 1,200 - ~ asslstant nangating officers, at $720 per annum...... l,W 12 ...... -----·-----·····---·--·-- 791 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-.HOUSE. MARCH 29,

.Statement showing tonnage, number of officers and men, etc.-Continued. Staternent shou·ing tonnage, num.ber of officers and 1nen, etc.-Continued.

SEMINOLE. Wll.T})OM. [Gross tonnage, 588.] [Gross tonnage, 398.]

Rate of Total Rate of 'i"otal Crew. pay. pay. Crew. pay. bay.

1 boatswain_------$50 $50 1 gunner ___ ------;------45 45 i ~{swain·==~~=~~=~======:::::::::: s~g s~ I carpenter------~------45 45 1 gunner------•. ---·------.-----_~------45 45 1 chief oiler ______---- ______~-- ____ ----- ______----· -----· 50 50 1 carpenter ___ ------.----·----.-----.------45 45 1 master-at-arms------40 40 1 chief oiler ______------.------.------50 50 1 second oiler ______------~------_-----.-----______40 40 1 master-at-arms .. ------_------~------•....• ---- 35 35 3 quartermasters, each ______------30 00 1 second oiler ______------.-----.------37 37 2 co~kswains, each ------____ 28 56 1 third oiler __ -----_------·------____ 40 40 12 seamen, each ...... ------25 300 ~6 seamen,~~~~~~~h~~~======each __ -----_------.------rJ25 150gg 6 firemen, each ______------···------30 180 l ~:ili:~.y ~~~en,"ea<:ii: ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ~ ~ I~~tr:v::~l~~~=~~==:::::=::~=::::~=~:::::======:::::: ~ ~ l g~Ji1~~ve-I:s:eacli::::::·_:::::: · :::::::::::::::::::::::: :::: ~ 1~ 1 cabin steward·------•------35 35 1 cabin gteward ------' 35 35 1 wardroom steward------35 35 1 wardroom steward- --~------35 35 1 cook ______------______------30 30 1cook ------;·------30 30 4 first-<:lass boys, each ...... •.•. ~ ------15 60 3 second-class boys, each_------··-----...... 12 36 ~ ~~~;~~~y~~cii::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ~ ~ 5() ______=== , ~ 38 ------===!--:t:092

' Per month. Per month. 81 50 men's salaries ______------$1,347 ~ ~ffi~~~~!::r!~~es:::: ==== :::::::::::::::::: ==== :::::::::::::::::::::::::: ': 6 officers' salaries.---- __ ---- •.. ------.------~------858 56 ______------.. ---- ••••••••••.• ------2,205 44------~------·--·' 1, 975

WASHINGTON, February 25, 1DQ3, MORRILL. Hon. JAMES R. MANN, M. C., House of Representatives, Washington, D. C. [Gross tonnage, 288.] MY DEAR Sm: I beg to acknowledge your two communications of the 24th instant. In reply to one I beg to say that I have no accurate information as to the Rateof Total performance of duty analogous to that executed by the Revenue-Cutter Crew. pay. pay. Service in this country in England, France, and Germany. I believe, bow I ever, that the duty is performed in England and France by what is known there as the "coast guards," and that the officers of the vessels of that 1 boatswain.------·------$45 $45 oorvice are taken from the reserve lists of their navies. 1 gunner------40 40 ·I will be glad to serve you further if you will Inake your wishes known. 1 carpenter------40 40 Very truly, yours, 1 Inaster-at-arms _------35 35 C. F. SHOEMAKER, 1 second oiler------37 37 Captain, Revenue-Cutter Service, Chief of Divisi01t. ~ ~~:a~t:C\~~~~::::~::::::::::::. :::::::::::::::::::: rJ Jg 1 third oiler __ ------35 35 REVEXUE SERVICE AXD COAST GUARD IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES. 7 seamen ______------_.------~------25 175 England. 2 firemen. each .. ___ ------00 60 In England the revenue service and coast guard are under the direct con 4 ordinary seamen, each------20 SO trol of the Admiralty, and have been since 1856. The men are all picked men from the regular service. The coast-guard ships proper are all old ~ g!!f~~vers:ea.c-li::::::::::::::::::~:::::::::::::::==~==== ~ ~ battle ships and ironclads, and are officoced by regular nava officers. The 1 cabin steward _____ ------·· 35 85 coast is divided into districts, and each district bas a naval officer as an 1 wardroom steward------·------35 35 inspector. There are gunboats for pati·olling attached to each district and 1 f'..OOk------30 30 these also a..re officered by naval officers either on the active or retired li"'t.1 0 In addition to the ships there are coast-guard stations all around the coast, ~~~;;~~~ ~y~~ii:::::::::::::::::::~::::::::::::::: ~ ~ and the entire coast is patrolled day and. night. The coast guard not only are a preventive to smuggling, but they are so closely allied to the life-saving 36.------~ ~ ~ service that the two are practically one. Lifeboats' crews always have some coast-guard men in them, and frequently are Inanned entirely by the coast guard. . Per month. The service being entirely under the Admiralty, the pay of officers is the 59 same as in the Regular Navy. , ~ffi~~:-~~~re-;:====~=:=~~===~======~:::::::::::::: :::::: ======~:~ France. The French Government bas no service which corresponds directly to our 43-. ········----·-·. ------·-. ------···· 1, 916.33 revenue Inarirui. The duties which we confide to that branch of the Govern~ ment s~rvice are performed partly by the customs authorities and partly by RUSH. the navy. The customs service more nearly corresponds to our revenue marine than anythinB" else. The central administration of the customs is confided, under· [Gross tonnage, 300.] the ministry of finance, to a director-general, who is the sole medium. of com munication between the service arid the minister. Rate of Total The following is the strength 'of the force for the whole frontier: Crew. pay. pay. Directors.------·-----·------26 7 1 boatswain------$60 $60 ~~~u;r5-:: ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ::~::::::::: :::: ~ 55 55 Captains _. ------...... 230 l =~tar:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::~::::::::::::::::::: 55 55 Lieutenants __ ------·------.----·------249 1 master-at-arms.... ------45 45 Men of various ratings .... ------19,511 1 second oiler----·------45 45 The directors are divided into four classes, and receive 12,000, 10,000, 9,()()(), 40 80 and 8,000 francs a year. They have also allowances for quarters and office ~~~:=.~~he~~-:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::~::: 37 74 expenses. I third oiler_------.------.----·------45 45 The inspectors are divided into thl·ee classes, and receive 6,000, 5,000, and · 35 140 4,500 francs a year. • 45 90 Subinspectors receive 3,500 and 3,000 francs a year. !~:=~~~~~.=~~~::=:=::::::::::::::::::::::~:::::::: 30 180 Captains are divided into three classes, and receive 3,200, 2,800, and 2,400 1 25 25 francs a year. . ~ ~1 ~~vers:eacii::~:::::::::: :::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 35 70 Lieutenants are divided into three classes, and receive 2,200, 2,000, and 1,800 2 stewards, each.------45 90 francs a year. 1 cook ___ ---- ______.------.------40 40 The other grades receive from 1,300 to 900 francs a year. 5 first-class boys, each ------:.---- 20 100 Captains and lieutenants receive an allowance for quarters of 400 and 200 francs a year, respectively. 33 ------1,194 The revenue boats are usually under the direct charge of the captains. The employment of parties afloat in boats or vessels outside of the ports is so unusual that very little provision is made for that contingency. Per month. The duties which we are accustomed to associate with the idea of a rave· nue marine, namely, the repression of contraband ti-a.de, are performed by =::::: the customs authorities working on shore, while the dutiesactuallyperforme9licing of waters adjacent to the coast, . u ------~------·-. ------2, 227 are in 'France the peculi:Lr and especial duty of the navy• 1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. .3433

Germany. None of the claims for invalid pension has been allowed. One has been re There is no armed revenue marine in Germany. There are a number of jected for the reason that the disability existed prior to enlistment. The very Emali vessels employed for putting customs officers on board shipping, others are in process of adjudication. but there is no military force acting in connection with the customs officers The two claims on account of death of enlisted men are pending, awaiting or treasury. the claimants' response to calls for evidence. One of the claims on account" of death of a commissioned officer, of a dependent mother, was rejected VESSELS IN THE REVENUE-CUTTER SERVICE. the officer having left a child who had prior right and who was pensioned; The register of July 1, 1901, gives the number of vessels, launches, etc., of but pension was subsequently allowed the mother by special act of Congress. all c1asses in the serviCe as 41. Of these 1 is a receiving ship, 1 a practice ship, The other two were allowed under the gene1-allaw. 1 a sloop connected with the Life-Saving Service; 14 are assigned to mere Very respectfully, harbor or anchorage duty in various harbors; 6 are on duty in Alaskan or H. CLAY EVANS, Commissioner. Arctic waters; 2 are on the Great Lakes. - The largest revenue cutter is the McCulloch, which has a gross tonnage of BUREAU OF PENSIONS, 869 tons. Of the 42 vessels, only 8 have a gross tonnage of more than 500 tons. Wa.shington, D. C., March 6, 190$. Only 11 have a draft of 10 feet or more. Srn: In reply to your letter of the 24th ultimo in which you reque that In the ~DJ?.ual repo~ of the Revenue-Cutter Servi~ for 1897 the following 1 t ves.::els, still m the semce, were then reported as practically worthless, to wit: the information furnished you February 1,1901, m regard to claims filed on Mc.ume, Boutwell, Wa.shington Chandler, Forward, Winona, Galm!sfon. These account of disability and death resulting from service on the revenue cutters vessels are now on duty as follows: Chandler, on harbor duty at Boston· during the war witli Spain, be brought to date, you are advised that no claims Washington, on harbor duty at Philadelphia; Boutwell, on duty at Newbern: of this class have been filed since the former report was made to you. The N. C.; Fp1"Ward, at Charleston, S. C.; McLane, at Key West; Winona at following statement shows the present condition of the claims on file at that Mobile; Gdvestcn, at Galveston. • ' time: In the repox:t of 1897 the chief of the Service stated, referring to the 27 ves Claims for invalid pension: sels in tn.e service in 1895, that "There are but two of these vessels (the cruis Pending __ ------_-----_-----_-----_------·------3 ers Botttwell !\nC.•1alveston) o~ ov~r 400tons burden * * * and not a single Admitted ------·-- _____ ----- ____ ------____ ------_____ : ------1 one hr.ir motive power to dr1ve 1t, under the most favorable conditions of Rejected_-----_----- ______-----______4 weather anc.l sea, at top 5p(:'ed more that 10 or 11 knots an hour while the av- 8 erage speed of the best of them will not exceed 8 or 9." ' Widows and dependents: • - In the last annual report of the Secretary of the Treasury (p. 55) the Sec Pending __ ----- ______----_----- __ ----_------_---··------____ 1 retary states that" Attention is again invited to the absolute necessitv for Admitted ------_------_--- __ ------__ ---- ___ ------____ 4 providing a number of new vessels to replace old ones of the fleet. The old Rejected __ _----- ______---- ______------______0 obsolete, and in other respects inefficient vessels in the Revenue-Cutter Serv: 5 ice are a source of co:r:stan~ anxiety, not only because they are not adapted to the work of the Semce and can not be depended npon in emergencies " etc Total_-----_-----_-----_------______13 ".These_vessels are anything rather than efficient revenue cutters; th~y ar~ Very respectfully, discrediteble to the Department, and furnish subject for criticism. Of this H. CLAY EVANS, Commissioner. class are the following:" • The W_oodbm-y (now at Portland Me.); the McLane (now at Key West); the Hamilton (now at Savannah, Ga.); the Boutwell) now at Newbern N C) MEMORANDUM SHOWING THAT THE WORK OF THE REVENUE-GUTTER "~t is I> lain that furth~r e~penditures on these old vessels should 'not be • SERVICE H.AS NOT INCREASED IN RECENT YE.ARS. continued longer than 1t will take to provide new ones to supply their places. It is there~ore recommended that new vessels be constructed to re For fiscal year 1873 this service boarded 00,543 vessels. place th<:>se. above named at a.cost for each of S175,. This will require an For fiscal year 1878 this service boarded 31,096 veseels. appropr1ation of S700,." For fiscal year 1879 this service boarded 32,853 vessels. For fiscal year 1880 this service boarded 36,318 vessels. For fiscal year 1 99 this service boarded 18,039 vessels. There is no vessel in the Revenue-Cutter Service of 1,000 tons For fiscal year 1900 this service boarded 20,089 vessels. burden. For fiscal year 1901 this service b::>arded 22,563 vessels. The Light-Honse Board has 36 steam tenders, 11 steam launches and 2 sailing tenders. ' VESSELS IN DISTRESS .ASSISTED. The new steam tenders of the Light-House Board cost over In the report submitted by Mr. SHERMAN for the committee $100,000 each, and a new one has been authorized for the Pacific favoring this bill it is stated that during the fiscal year of 1901 coast to cost $120,000 (Thirteenth district). the number. of "vessels in distress assisted" by the Revenue· In the Second light-house district (Boston) there are 4 steam Cutter SerVIce was 107, and that the "value of vessels assisted tenders including the Mayflower, a steel screw steamer of 572 tons' and their cargoes" was $5,197,825, and that the number of" per· gross burden built in 1897. sons on board vessels assisted " was 1 ,581. Under the Hepburn bill on July 1, 1902 seven captains would Great stress is laid in the committee report upon this showinO' be retired on account of age. On the 1st day of July, 1907 there and the plain intention is to give the impression that the vessel~ would have been retired 31 captains on account of age by feason of ~he Revenue-Cutter Ser~ce, through its arduous and gallant . of retirement for age only. There would be promoted several actions, saved from destruction a large number of lives and a persons as captain by July 1, 1907. who had been commissioned large amount of property. The intimation is that the "-vessels in the service at that time less than twenty years and one of in distress '' were in danger of shipwreck in time of storm or whom would be only 40 years of age. something of that sort, and that through the bravery of the Through retirement only there would be uromoted by July 1 Revenue-Cutter officers these " vessels in distress " were rescued 1!307, to first lieutenant several persons of the age of only 32 year~ Herewith is submitted statements taken from the records of th~ and one of whom would have been commissioned in the service Revenue-Cutter Service office in all cases of assistance rendered only nine years. to "vessels in distress" during the fiscal year of 1901 where the By retirement only on July 1, 1902, there would be promoted value of the vessel and cargo together equaled $75,000. The cases to first lieutenant several persons who would then be commis set forth cover the amount of $4,441,345 out of the total of · - sioned in the service only eleven years. $5,197,825 which the Revenue-eutter Service claims to have as· As illustrating the age and length of service of the engineers. sisted during the year. I submit one of the present chief engineers is only 37 years of An examination of these reports shows that in no case was any age May 3, 1902, and o~ly entere~ the service February 18,1888. danger incurred by the Revenue-Cutter Service officers or vessels· Not any of the first assistant engmeers entered the servic-e prior that in no case was assistance rendered in time of storm or dan: to May 12, 1888, and three only entered the service in July 1895. ger and in no case was any very substantial assistance rendered Of the second assistant engineers, not any entered the s~rvice at all. One instance of assistance rendered to a boat of the Navy prior to July 13, 1895, and several entered the service in Febru is also given as an example: ary, 1901. Statement showing all cases ul~e1·e assistance to "t•essels in distress" wc.~S ren There is to-day 1 retired officer, Captain Hodgsdon, who com dered by 9·evenue cutters dunng the fi.scal year ending June so 1901 wherein the value of the vessel assisted, together with its cargo, amounted t~ the sum manded the McCulloch at the battle of Manila Bay. 0/$75,()()(). On the permanent waiting-orders list there are 4 captains 4 ·first lieutenants, 1 second lieutenant, 1 third lieutenant, 9 chief Value of engineers, 6 first assistant engineers, 3 second assistant engineers. Revenue cutter. Vessels assisted. vessel as These were all placed on the permanent waiting-orders list in ~ sisted and 1895, shortly following the passage of the act approved March cargo. 2, 1895, authorizjng such action. : ------~------BUREAU OF P:&..'ISIONS, McCulloch------July 11, 1001 Nome CitY------·- $150,(XX) Washington, D. C., Febrtta1y 1, 1901. Rush------Do ______JulyAng.21 17,1900 1000 Jabez Howes------ 105,(XX) !Ion. J.A.MJ:s R. MAN~, Rufus E. Wood----·---- 98,000 Home of Representatives. Bear ------Oct. 2, 1000 RobertDollar ------··- 95,(XX) Onondaga ______Dec. 15,1900 I. F. Chapman------ 155,(XX) SIR: In _compliance with your pe!"SOD:&~ request of yesterday for the num Windom------···Gresham ______Feb..Jan. 13,19016,1901 Inch Ke1th. _------002,(XXJ ber of clarms filed on account of disability and death resulting from service Astral ______------285,000 on the revenue cutters during the war with Spain, you are furnished the fol McLane ______Mar.l4,1901 MarJlaret ------ 85,800 lowing statement: Golden Gate------June 4 1901 Cal· ·ganshire. ------90,545 Cla'ms for invalid pension by enlisted men ______------8 Nunivak _... _------··- __ June 22,1901 2,~,(XX) Ciaia:.s for invalid pension by commis.sioned officers______0 Do ______June25,1901 ia, Claims on acc::J untof death of enlisted men-·------2 Algonquin------_----- .June 29,1001 400,(XX) Claims on account of death of commissioned officers _____ ._·--______3 ~~~~~~======~~== TotaL---_----_---- _. _----- _------__ ---- ______----· ------4,441,345 Total ______---- ______----_----- ___ ------______------______----- 13 3434 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. MARCH 29,

TREASURY DEPARTMENT, OFFICE OF CTHE SECRETARY, Rufus E. Wood. Apprehended him, placed him in irons, and delivered him lVashi;tgton, Februm'y 15, 1~. to the master of the Wood. Hon. JAMEs R. MANN, M. C., Vessel assisting, Bear. House of Rep1·esentatives, Washington, D. C. Vessel assisted, Robert Dollar, 1,389 tons. Srn: In reply to your letter of the 13th instant, aslting to be furnished Date, October 2,1900. with the . was submitted, as it is in the one inclosed. Number of persons on board, 28. Assistance rendered to Government vessels is not usually included in our Value of vessel with cargo, $155,000. tabular statements. The launch of the U.S. S. Michigan, however, was in Nature of casualty, ashore. cluded because her position was regarded as one of peril. Location, off North Jetty, Christiana Creek, Wilmington, Del. Respectfully, State of weather, clear and cold. Direction and force of wind, NE. 2. C. F. SHOEMAKER, State of tide and sea, smooth sea, half flood. Captain, Revenue-Cutter Service, Chief of Division, Detailed report: At 5 p. m. December 15 came up with ship L F. Chap man a~ound Inside black buoy at southerly entrance to Cherry Island Chan nel off .North Jetty~ Christiana Creek, Wilmington, Del., she ha~~ grounded Vessel assisting, Fessenden. in attempting to pass out of the channel in tow of tugs 0. L. Hauenbeck and Vessel assisted, steam launch, U.S. S. Michigan. Juno. The ocean tug Navigator had parted 9-inch hawser the day before Date, July 4, 1900. • in attempting to haul her afloat and had given up the a ttemft. 5.15 anchored Number of persons on board, 7. ahead of ship; 6.30, at request of master, took hold o his 9-inch line. Value of vessel (no cargo), $2,500. Started vessel, but line parted. Nature of casuality, engine broke down. Tide having fallen, gave up attempt for that tide and anchored for the Location, Detroit, Mich. · night. At 6.30 a. m. of the 16th took hold of Chapman's 11-inch line. By 9 Detailed report: The vessel being anchored off the foot of Bates street had hauled him onto ranges, but tide having fallen anchored to wait next Detroit, Mich., about 9.00 p. m., on July 4, 1900, was hailed by the stea~ tide. No work done, at request of master of ship, that1 evening tide. At 7 launch of the U.S. S. Michigan, requesting assistance, as she was drifting a.m. of 17th took hold of 11-inch line, hauled him off west bank, but he downstream into the path of the ferry and excursion boats, with her engine grounded on east bank; 8 had to:;J,et go hawser to straighten our vessel down disabled. Sent the dingey to her assistance and towed her upstream to the river, and in attempting to bring it again tug Juno fouled it in her wheel. Michigan, which was anchored above us. Tide was lost for that morning. 9.30 anchored. At 9.15, after master had Vessel assisting, McCulloch. s~mt word that no attempt to float the vessel would be :rp.ade on that night Vessel assisted, steamer Nome City, 1,660 tons. tide, the Chapman floated off by the efforts of her two tugs alone and without Date, July 11, 1900. further assistance from this vessel. Number of persons on board, 60. Vessel as.sistinE, Windom. Value of vessel, $150 (XX), · Vessel ass:i.s1;ed, steamship Inch Keith, 2,419 tons. Nature of casualty, lost three blades of her propeller. Date, January 13, 1001. Location, 255 miles W. t N. of Cape Flattery. Number of persons on board 39. State of weather, clear and pleasant. Value of vessel with cargo, ~,(XX). Direction and force of wind, light west breeze. Nature of casualtv .J.... ashore. State of tide and sea, smooth sea, gentle southerly swell. Location, Holland:t-oint, Md. Detailed report: July 11 l!XXl at 4.15 p. m., en route Dutch Harbor to Seattle; State of weather, clear. 270W. t;.N. of Ca-ve Flattery, sighted the steam schooner Nome Oitystanding Direction and force of wind, NW; force 3. across f>ow of this vessel making little headway, although under steam and State of tide and sea, three-quarter flood, sea smooth. sail with a fair wind. At 6.15 p.m., when she was a breast, a signal was hoisted Detailed report: At 9.55 sighted a steamer ashore off Holland Point,, Md.; which we could not read. Standing toward the Norne City, her master stated stood for her; 10.00, stopped and boarded her, and found her to be the British he had lost three blades of his propeller July 4; was bound for Portland steamer Inch Keith, of Liverpool; had gotten ashore at 7 p.m., 9th instant, Oreg. and asked to be towed to Astoria. The commanding officer of th~ and was lightering.cargo .. Tug Sandow ran our line to steamer and held us McCuZzoch offered to tow him to Port Townsend; steam was ordered on all up and assiSted while pulling on her; 11.{(), steamer floated, apparently with· boilers in order to get in :with the disabled vessel before bad weather set in. out damage. Both master and agents expressed greatest appreciation of The Nome City sent an 8-mch hawser by one of her boats, and at 7.10 p.m. services rendered. took her in tow. At 8 a.m., July 13, cast her off at Port Townsend, having Vessel assisting, G·resham. towed her 3!0 miles in thirty-seven hours. Vessel assisted, -ship Astral, 2,995 tons. Vessel assisting, Rush. Date~, February 6, 7, 8, and 9, 1001. Vessel assisted, ship Jabez Howes, 1,&18 tons. Numoer of persons on board, 32. Date, July 17, 10CXl. Value of vessels with cargo, $285,000. Number of persons on board, 17. • Nature of casualty, mutiny. · Value of vessel with cargo, S105,(XX), Location, off Sandy look light-ship. Nature of casualty, coal given out. Detailed report: On th~ 6th ~tant, while stana;ng down through the Swash Location. Dutch Harbor, Alaska. Channel to sea on a crmse, Sighted Standard Oil Company's ship AstJ·al at Detailed report: At the req_uest of the master of the ship Jabez Howes and anchor, 2 miles N. by E. of Sandy Hook light-ship, both anchors down, sails the agent of the North Amencan Commercial Company, steamed alongside roughly furled, and yards cockbilled. Stood for her and at 3.10 hailed the that ship and towed her alongside wharf to discharge her cargo. The coal master and ascertained that his crew had refused to work. A 50-mile gale had given out at the company's station, and this was the only coal in Dutch blowing, with high-running sea, and the crew not violent, it was deemed not Harbor, and there were no other means at hand to put her alongside wharf. safe to lower a boat, and boarding her was therefore postponed until the gale Vessel assisting Gresharn. · abated. Vessel assisted, barkentine White Wings. At 6 the following morning weighed anchor and sto::ld out for the Astt·al. Date, August 19, 1900. At 8.15 anchored off her starbog.rd quarter. Although the wind was still Number of persons on board, 8. blowing strong from the northwest and a high sea running the whaleboat Value of vessel, with cargo, S73,(XX). with an armed crew was lowered ana sent to the Astral, and after a hard pull Nature of casualty: Sea smooth; in trying to sail from anchorage carried to windward reached the ship. The mutinous crew was mustered and the down by tide. law relating to mutiny read to them. After consulting amon&' themselves

Location: Off Stapleton, Staten Island, N.Y. c they were again mustered and each man was asked what he decided to do. Detailed report: At 6.30 a. m., obsei:ving that the barkentine White Wings E.leven of the number returned to duty, two desired medical attention, in sailing from anchorage toward channel was carried across the bow of the and nine refused to go in tb.e ship. Three ringleaders were -put in single ship Clav~rdon, we got under way and proceeded to her assistance. The tug irons and brought £>,board the cutter UJ.>On the request of the master, where Unity of New York arriving and making a bargain, ran her.hawsera and tried they were held until the ci'lil authorities could ·t!l.ke measures for their in· to pull her clear. Being unable to do so owing to the strong tide she re carceration. . quested our assistance. We gave her our 11-inch hawser and held the Unity On the 8th instant the place made. vacant by the removal of the three ring in IJ9Sition and also helped her tow. The tug had the White TiTings on a leaders was filled by new men and a.s the remaining men who had held out bridle, and just as she was going clear the forward leg of bridle parted, the on the 7th instant turned to, the ship with her proper complement was able White Wings slewed, her mizzenmast fetched up against the bowsprit of to sail on her voyage. For the suppression of this mutiny the master of the the Claverdon, and threatened to carry it away at the deck. Some running ship and the representative of the Standard Oil Comp1.ny were very grateful gear was parted, also the forward swifter and .one stay. The next attempt and expressed their appreciation of the assistance rendered by the Gresham, She came clear and proceeded to sea. On the 9th instant at 3.00 p. m. two deputy United States marshals came on Vessel assisting, Rush. board the Gresham with a warrant for the arrest of the three men, and they Vessel assisted, bark Rufus E. Wood, 1,477 tons. were thereup

S(;ate of '\leather, overcast and raining. captains and it was decided very sensibly that we should do all the pulling Direction and force of wind, calm. and b:>th tugs endeavor to hold her head up. On morning of 30th we again Stato of tide and sea, flood, smooth. went to steamer and worked on the high water from 4 a.m. until 7 a.m., but Detn.iled report: The f>teamer Marga1·et left Port Tampal... Fla., on the unavailingly. Succeeded in tru·ning her on her heel, but not floating her. morning of March 13, 1901, with 150 excursionists, bound for J:!jgmont Key, We then layoff and anchored to wait for afternoon tide, which was the fuller Florida. About 9 p.m., in a dense fog, theMargm·etranagroundinanalmost tide. inacce£Sible place on Point Pinelos. On learning of accident, McLane got During the morning watch the wrecking tug Wm,, Coley_, of New York, under way and steamed from St. Petersburg to within a mile of the Margaret. arrived on the scene. At this time we had swung steamer around several All passengers had been transferred from the Ma1·garet to Caloosa, which ran points, so that she headed east, but she still remained fast aft. Cole?.J planted aground w bile trying to assist. The tug Catherine could not reach her be a big WI'ecking anchor off starboard bow and hove the cable hut on bow of cause of shoal water, n.nd the Margaret would have been uncomfortably steamer, then made fast alongside of her just b3fore high water. We ran situated had it not been for the McLane. The latter sent out a boat to sound out our 9t-inch hawser to steamers bow, she having no line strong: enough to ahead, and by extremely careful work ~ot within 200 yards of the Ma1·garet stand the strain, and with two tugs to nold her head up to wind, and with and seut a 4-mch line on board. This line proved inadequate, and a 6-inch Cole11 working alongside stranded steamer, we finally floated her at 6 p.m. line w11.s substituted. It was very difficult to maneuver on ac ount of shoal The tugs were small and of little power and experienced difficulty in even water all around, but the McLane succeeded in floating the Ma1·garet after holding her head to wind ward. Twice our line was let go from steamer after we three 1.ours' work. had started her,and when at last we did give her the final pull, which started Vessel assisting, Golden Gate. her, we not only brought the steamer, but the three tugs as well, and also the Vessel assisted, BritiEh ship Cardiganshire, 1,400 tons. big anchor planted by the wrecker. After we had floated her she let go our Date. June 4, 1001. line and wo hauled it in on board at once, so as to give the tugs a. batter op Number of persons on board, 23. portunity to handle her. After seeing her engines started and ascertaining Value of vessel with cargo, $90,545. by a boarding officer, sent for the purpose, that she was uninjured, as far as Nature of casualty, loss of anchor, etc., so that she was drifting helplessly could be told at the time by her not leaking and everything working on an island. smoothly~ we saw her started for Newport News under her own steam, and Loco. tion, San Francisco Harbor, California. then heaaed back for Wilmington to renew our coal supply. Detailed report: The British ship Cardiganshire coming into harbor under It was conceded by the tug captains and also by the steamer's master tmt sail with licensed pilot aboard was taking in sail preparatory to rounding they never could have floated her alone, and when one compares our 2.600 to, when the starboard anchor was let go, the chain snapped, and the port horsepower with their combined 400, the concession seems at least tenable. chain got fouled so as to be useless. · .AB a matter of fact, the next day a bad swell was rolling in from the south· Ship was rapidly drifting on weather side of Alcatraz Island, a strong east, and the steamer would not have lasted long if she had been there. flood tide of about 61.."'lots running, and a fresh breeze from southwest. See Respectfully submitted. ing her helpless condition, Golden Gate steamed out to her, ran under her ·0. S. WILLEY, bow 1md got a line to her. She was not 50 feet from the rocks when the Captain, United States Revenue-Cutter Service, Commanding. Golden Gate started ahead, and, with a strong flood tide_, it looked as if she must go ashore, but in a few minute3 she was started anead, and after she The claim of the Revenue-Cutter Service, as has been set forth was clear of the rocks about half a mile out ou;- line carried away. Came in various reports concerning the pending bill or similar bills, is alongride and made fast to her starboard quarter; brought her to anchor that it is the ocean police, and that its vessels a e constantly cruis the people on board having succeeded in clearin~ . the port chain. The quar~ a.ntine boatStentberg was alon!?Side but was unaole to do anything with her ing on the lookout for disasters to other ve"'sels. What the Owing to her lack Of power 1 ana both VeSSels were drifting On the l'OCks Whe~ Revenue-Cutter vessels actually do in the way of rendering assist the Golden Gate took hold of her. If the latter vessel had not taken hold of ance is shown by the preceding statements. What the Revenue her so promptly there is no doubt she would have gone on the rocks, stove a hole in her, and probably lost the ship. Cutter Service does not do in the way of rendering assistance is Detailed statements of the casualty and the nature and extent of service shown by the following statement of facts taken from the report rend~red by .ve.ssels of tJ;le Revenue-Cutter Service in the following instances: of the Life-Saving Service for the last fiscal year: Vessel assistmg, Nunwak. Vessel assisted, steamer Leon, 692 tons. For the fiscal year ending June 30,1901, as shown by the annual Date, June '22, 1001. report of the Life-Saving Service, there were on the Atlantic, Number of persons on board, 205. Gulf, and Pacific coasts and on the Great Lakes 937 casualties to Value of vessel, with cargo, $2,600,000. Nature of casualty, out of provisions. vessels. · Location, mouth of Yukon River, Alaska. On the Atlantic and Gulf coasts there were 162 disasters result Detailed report: Arriving at Aphoon, mouth of Yukon River, June22 1901, ing in total loss to vessels and 329 disasters resulting in partial found steamer Leon short of provisions for passengers and crew-~..;;he bliving been detained here a week by ice and her supplies exhausted . .No prospect damage to vessels. On the same coasts 51 vessels foundered, 182 of ice clearing up for several days. None of tile other vessels could assist her vessels stranded, 213 vessels collided, 35 vessels were on fire. as they, too, were running short, and no supplies within reach on the river' Other vessels suffered from other disasters. Loaned her from ship's rations 800 pounds flour, 50 pounds coffee, 72 poundS butter, to be replaced in kind at St. Michael. On the Pacific coast there were 51 disasters resulting in total Vessel assisting, Nunivak. loss to vessels and 48 disasters resulting in partial loss to vessels. Vessel assisted, steamer Louise. Of these, 4 foundered, 63 stranded, 20 collided, 9 were on fire. Date, June 25,1001. Number of persons on board, 48. On the Great Lakes there were . 44 disasters resulting in total Value of vessel, S75,!XX). loss to vessels and 212 disasters resulting in partial loss to vessels. Nature of casualty, delay on account of ice. Of these, 19 foundered, 80 stranded, 99 collided, 32 were on fire. Location, Aphoon, mouth Yukon River, Alaska. Detailed report: On June 25,1001, while waiting for ice to clear atAphoon Of the above vessels, 12 foundered with loss of life, 15 stranded mouth Yukon River, Alaska, master of steamer Louise came on board and with loss of life, and 9 collided with loss of life. stated that his supplies were almost exhausted by the long delay. None Where were the revenue cutters when these disasters were being obtainable elsewhere, loaned him from ship's rations 200 pounds flour to be replaced in St. Michael, this being all that the cutter could then safely happening? , spare. The report of the committee in favor of the pending bill quotes a Vessel assisting Algonquin. statement which is said to have been made by Admiral :Melville Vessel assisted, British steamer Starcross, 1,822 tons. Date June 29 and 00,1001. before the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. In Number of persons on board, 24. this report Admiral Melville is credited with using the following Estimated value of vessel with cargo, S400,000. language relating to the Revenue-Cutter Service: Nature of casualty, run aground. Location, Cape Lookout, North Carolina. I have watched these ve3sels lt>ave port upon the approach of a gale to Detailed report: At 10.45 p.m., June 28, Algonquin at anchor off Southport patrol the coast in the hope of rendering a.ssistanc3 to any ships that might Information brought alongside by tug that a steamer was ashore on Lookout have been unfortunate enough to have been cast on the beach. * * * Shoal. At 11.45 officers and crew on liberty having been recalled, ship was The work of the revenue maxine is a more dang~rous occupation than that under way and steaming out of harbor under three boilers and fires started of the Navy, because the duty of the first organization is to police the coast under fourth. Allpossiblespeedmade. At9a.. m.,29th, arrived on scene but while the ~avy !~lly polices the ocean. ~tis seldom that a ship is now lost as steamer was ashorewell up onshoalgreatcare had to be usedinapprooch at sea. It 1s cl'lllSlng along the coast that IS dangerous, and this IS the special ing her and the way sounded in. province of the revenue marine. It was 10 a. m. before we were close enough to send an officer in a boat to sound out around her and board her. Found she was the British steamship This is the strongest claim put forward in behalf of the Revenue- • Starcross, of Cardiff, Milburni master, from Brunswick, Ga., for Bremen via Cutter Service. It is a claim that has been persistently made. Newport News, with heavy aden cargo of cotton, phosphate, and lumber. ~dmiral :Melville has not been in a position where he could pos She had taken ground on outer shoal at 5 p. m ., 27th, weather being clear and bright, daylight, sea smooth. Soundings taken by us showed she was draw Slbly have personal knowledge of the facts stated by him. He ing 2'2 feet 2 inches and was ashore on 20-foot lumJ?. The boarding officer's has been imposed upon by some one. The statements submitted questions could not develop any re!lson for her gomg ashore. Light-house above of actual cases of assistance rendered to '' vessels in dis in plain sight, sea smooth, "SOundings increase gradually to southward of shoal. It seemed a miracle that she had baen two days on shoal and no sea tress," as claimed by the Revenue-Cutter Service, will show had rolled in and no wind had developed. whether they were rendered during or following a gale. But the Before our arrival the master had floated her (so he said) with his engine intimation in the statement by Admiral Melville, as well as in but through ignorance of locality, had again grounded at top of high water: Low water when we arrived, so nothing could be done in way of pulling. the persistent claim of this service, is that its vessels are ·con Thorough examination of soundings made, however, and vicinity well sounded stantly cruising in time of storm as well as in quiet along the out. 11.00 a. m. tugs Blanche and Ma1'ion, of Wilmington, N. C., arrived. coast for the purpose of aiding any vessels in distress. The inti and entered into some agreement with master for floating steamer. We stood by ready to take hold. We had offered our services on arrival, but master mation is made that the Revenue-Cutter vessels are out at sea wished first to talk with tugs regarding matter. After making a thorough cruising along the coast nearly all of the time. According to examination of her situation the tug captains approached us With a proposi Admiral Melville, that is their chief occupation. tion that as she was too big for them to think of handling alone, we should take the steamer's line and pull on the high water and one of them would en But in the Revenue-Cutter Office are monthly statements from deavor to hold her head up to the wind while the other pulled also. each Revenue-Cutter vessel showing the time during the month Accordingly, at 3 p. m. we got om· anchor and steamed up alongside and such vessel has been at anchor and the time under way, both ex took her line. After pulling unti16 p.m. and parting her line twice without starting the vessel, we discontinued operations for that tide, it havin~fallen pressed in days, hours, and minutes. Such statements also ehow too much for further work. During night consultations were held With tug the number of miles traveled or cruised each month. 3436 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. MARcH 29,.

Herewith submitted are compiled statements as to about half Staternent relating to various revenue cutters, shou"ing nurnber of days, hours, the ves els in the Revenue-Cutter Service; also a statement show and minutes under way and the distance traveled under steam for each ing the number of miles cruised by each vessel in the service month of the fi$cal year ending June SO, 1901-Continued. during the last fiscal year, and the location of each vessel: Steamer Hudson. Steamer Manhattan. Steamer McCulloch. Statement showing time of various revenue cutters at anchor and under way, respectively, during the fiscal year ending June SO, 1901, expressed in days, hours, and minutes. Month. tri J Dis- ai ~ Dis- · J Dis- ai ~ ::1 tance in ai ;.., ~ ta.nce in ai ~ P tance in ~"" ... mil P> ::l0 ... mil P..Pd t anchor. Under way. A ~ ~ es. ~ :rl ~ es. ~ ~ ~ miles. Name of vessel. -----1--1------1- Min Min 100l. ------! Hours. utes~ Days. Hours. utes~ November... 3 9 0 74Q 4 13 25 1,100 8 17 0 1,863 E December... 3 2 00 697 2 20 15 680 6 20 25 1, 368.15 Algonquin (Wilmington) .... . 312 11 15 \'52 12 45 Calumet (New York) ...... 325 13 20 39 10 1001. Chandler (Boston)------339 3 0 25 21 ~ January..... 2 22 0 661 4 9 15 1,055 0 0 45 1 Galveston (Galveston) ...... 356 17 0 8 7 0 February.... 3 15 0 805 2 17 0 650 3 7 15 374.8 Gresham (New York) ...... ~ 9 10 36_ 14 50 March ...... 4 0 0 897 4 7 0 1,:l tancein WinF (Mobile) .... : ...... 324: ID 40 40 3 20 P> o .S miles. ~ 5 .E miles. ~ 5 miles. • ~ IIl ~ A IIl ~ A IIl ~ -----1--__ _L______--1--1--1--- statement relating to\a1·io us revenue cutters, sh01oing number of days, hou1·s, and minutes under way and the distance traveled under steam for ea{;h 100l. month of the fiscal year ending June SO, 1901. July------3 19 4 599 5 7 10 1, 2.'51. 5 5 22 50 1,403.'8 August...... 5 13 50 912 6 4 15 1,433.5 2 6 15 647.5 [Compiled from the monthly reports of the officers in charge of such revenue September.. . 3 23 5 606 3 17 55 900. 5 11 15 20 2, 773.3 cutters.] October ...... 1 14 55 240 4 17 15 1 351 9 19 48 2,370. 9 November .. . 5 20 00 800.3 3 10 35 '755 1 1 25 2!6.9 Steamer Algonquin. Steamer Calumet. Steamer Ch.."'.ndler. December .. . 4 12 39 ~.5 1 11 0 329 5 014 1,153.3 w m m 1901. Month., .S Dis- m .S Dis- ...; .,....ai .S Dis- January..... 6 22 40 1,083.6 0 0 0 0 4 1.6 40 1,111.1 P tance in m ;.., ::1 tance in ~ P tance in February .... 4 22 18 842.6 0 0 0 0 6 18 10 1,460.9 ~ ~ op '"' '1 ~ op .E March...... 4 20 10 932.7 0 0 0 0 5 4 52 1,203.4 "" miles. ei IIl ~ rm es. A. IIl ~ miles. April...... 3 2 15 479 2 7 55 524.6 0 1 40 10 -----1------May...... 4 17 45 774.1 3 11 25 957 2 16 40 007 June...... 5 0 55 805.4 5 21 10 1,584 2 19 23 714.1 100). _L______------1---1--1---1---- July...... 2 6 25 553.6 3 23 10 856.5 2 .6 00 438 Total... 54 22 6 8,737.2 36 12 40 9,092.1 58 23 17 13,752.2 August ...... 3 5 17 855.9 3 17 10 802.5 2 8 0 448 September... 10 11 20 2, 734.6 3 12 35 761.25 2 16 0 512 October...... 8 5 40 1,969.8 3 0 55 656.25 2 16 0 512 Steamer Seminole. Steamer Seward. Steamer Smith. November... 1 21 35 468.6 3 1 0 657 1 6 0 240 December... 3 20 0 955.1 3 22 5 846.75 2 6 0 432 1901. Month. January..... 3 17 25 822.1 3 11 00 751.5 1 21 0 405 February.... 4 5 5 922,8 2 22 55 638.25 1 19 0 387 March...... 3 15 20 934.8 3 ll 25 750.75 2 4 0 468 April______3 13 23 948.9 3 11 0 747 2 0 00 437 -----1------May______2 3 10 52S.1 3 8 10 702.5 2 13 0 549 1900. June...... 5 8 5 1,3ID.9 3 14 45 780.75 2 1 0 441 July------Not in commission. 2 3 0 345 0 0 00 2 August ...... Not in commission. 5 3 0 812 0 20 50 184 TotaL. 52 12145 i3.0i4.7 i 391o~~~21op September... 3 21 59 897.8 2 9 0 380 1 20 55 284 October...... 2 15 25 560.2 2 2 0 317 2 4 50 335 November... 1 21 40 462.7 1 1 0 164 2 6 2D 366 Steamer Galveston. Steamer Gresham. Steamer Guthrie. December... 4 8 10 987.4 0 17 0 95 1 10 25 187

ai 1901. Month. • Dis- ~ ~ Dis- ai _! Dis- January..... 5 15 15 1,367 1 13 0 237 2 7 30 334 ai tancein ~ g m :::! :: tancein ai ~ g tancein February----~~~ 40 1,394 0 20 0 126 1 6 50 163 miles. March...... 5 5 5 1,340 0 20 0 124 2 0 10 293 § ~ ~ § ~ ~ miles. § ~ ~ miles. April...... 1 18 0 425 1 12 0 229 1 2 40 171 -----1--1--·1--1------1----- May ...... 2 0 0 526 1 7 0 223 0 11 20 76 June...... 3 2 45 780 0 0 0 0 0 5 00 7 100). July...... 0 0 0 0 4 4 35 1,040 7 20 45 1,349 Total... 3G 3 59 8, 740.1 19 'u'Q 3, 052 16 1 55 2, 402 August ------0 0 0 0 4 5 45 1,080 6 13 15 1,102 September... 3 0 0 567.9 3 15 50 938 6 7 25 1,000 October...... 0 0 0 0 2 8 0 448 4 10 10 685 Steamer Washing- Steamer Windom. Steamer Winona. November... 0 1 0 1.2 1 0 45 - 179 5 21 15 974 ton. • December... 0 3 0 7 4 14 40 1,248 6 3 15 896 :Month. 1901. · $ DIS- · IS· • .25 Dis- January ----- 0 0 0 0 4 13 5 1,219 5 21 10 854 ai • D' ai February.... 0' 0 0 0 4 8 45 1,270 5 5 20 753 ai ~ g tan~e in ~ ~ ~ tan_ce in ~ ~ ::3 tan~e in March...... 0 0 0 0 4 17 0 1,268 5 15 -50 855 ~ o ..... miles. aJ o miles. a! o .S miles. A IIl ~ A IIl A IIl ~ t&~======~ R 8 ~-5 ~ 1{ ~ 35

Statement of total number of miles cruised by revenue cutters for the fiscal year Captains, per month $40. ending June SO, 1901. First lieutenants and chief engineers, per month, S30. Second lieutenants and first assistant engineers, per month, $25 Third lieutenants and second assistant engineers, per month, $20. Number Where located. Steamer. of miles. Paragraph 870 provides: Ea<:h officer of the Revenue-Cutter Service is entitled to one navy ration Algonquin _____ ------__ ------13,014.7 Wilmington, N.C. or to commutation therefor while on duty. Bear------8,583.1 Arctic cruise. Boutwell ______3,598.5 Newbern, N.C. .APPOINTMID\'TS TO REVE~'UE-CUTTER SERVICE. 8 951 NewYork,N.Y. Calumet------1 Paragraph 6 of the regulations provides that no person shall be Chandler------5 267 Boston, Mass. Chase ______2:445.3 On practice cruise. originally appointed in the service to a higher grade than cadet Dallas------______------___ _ 10,443.8 New London,. Conn. or second assistant engineer. Dexter----·------9,420. 9 New Bedfora, Mass. Paragraph 7, that no candidate for appointment of cadet shall Fessenden------5,393 Detroit, Mich. Forvm.rd _------4,903. 7 Charleston, S. C. be less than 18 nor more than 23 years of age. Galveston ______1,372.6 Galveston, Tex. Paragraph 8; that no candidate for position of second assistant Golderl Gate ______7,412.5 San Francisco, Cal. Grant ______------18, 488.5 Port Townsend, Wash, engineer shall be less than 21 nor more than 28 years old. Gresham.------_------9,400 New York Cit:y, N.Y. NO PUNISHME...""{T FOR DESERTION. Guard------288 Port Townsend, Wash. Guthrie_------_____ ----- ll,467 Baltimore, Md. In a letter from Secretary Gage to Senator FRYE, chairman of Hamilton------7,374 Savannah, Ga. the Committee· on Commerce in the Senate, dated February 26, 5,131 Harbor duty, San Francisco. ~~~~K :::::::::::::::::::::: 9,800 New York, N.Y. 1898, relating to the Revenue-Cutter Service, Secretary Gage said: Manhattan ------12,595 Do. There is now no authority for the apprehension of deserters from the 16, 793.9 Alaskan cruise. Re\enue-Cutter Service; no mode or method by which the crime of mutiny San Fpncisco and Alaskan cruise. McLane~~CuW!cii::::::::::::::::::: ______:. ______10,664.35 or desertion can be punished. Under existing conditions a. man may sign 8,737.2 KeyWe1t, Fla. articles of enlistment one day and desert the Service the next and defy arrest MorrilL ______------_----- ___ _ 9. 092.1 Milwaukee, Wis. Onondaga .. ______for his crime, a condition unknown to any other organized service under Gov· 13,752.2 Philadelphia, Pa. ernment or even the merchant marine. Penrose------2,780.03 P ensacola Fla. 10,904.9 Port Townsend, Wash. ~~V-:::::: :::::::::::::::::: ll,064.1 Sitka, Alaska. TREASURY DEPARTME..."'fl, OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY, Scout------'j'Q6 Port Townsend, Wash. Washington, March 28, 1[)(}3, Seward ------_----- 3,052 Mobile, Ala., harbor duty. Hon. JAMES R. MilTN, M. C., Smith ... _____ ------__ ------2,4.02 New Orleans, La. House of Rep1·esentatives, Washington, D. C. . Sperry------2,527 Patchogue, N. Y. Sm: Agreeably t::> the request contained in your note of the 26th instant, 3356 Savannah, Ga. I I inclose copies of the detailed reports of the operations of the revenue sten.mer s:623 Philadelphia, Pa. Galt·eston during and subsequent to the hurricane which swept over the city 12,~.6 Baltimore, Md. of that name September 8, 1\lOO. ;~~~~::::=:::::::=====Winona ____ ------6,688 Mobile, Ala. You will observe that only 38 persons are referred in the detailed reports 8, 777.7 Portland1 Me. as having been reooued. The abstract journal of the vessel, however, which -:~~~~::::::::::::::::::: . 2,050 Yukon R1ver, Alaska . is a consolidated monthly repcirt of the operations of the vessel for the month, Seminole.------Thetis ______------_ 8, 74.0.1 Boston, Mass. shows 4.0 lives to have been saved. 109.8 Alaskan cruise. Respectfully, C. F. SHOEMAKER, Captain, Revenue-Cutter Service, Chief of Division. TotaL_------297,810.58 U.S. S. GALVESTON, Galveston, Tex., September 11, 1900. In addition there was total cruising of 3,554.7 miles in Life-Saving Service. C. T. BRIAN, ASSIG!\"'ME~T OF DUTY OF REV:&~·CUTTER OFFICERS. First Lieutenant, R. C. S., Camrnanding U. S. S. Galveston. SIR: I have the honor to respectfully report that, at 12 o'clock on the 9th By the register of the Revenue-Cutter Service issued July 1, instant, on receiving the information that there were still peo;Ple in the 1901, the following is shown: western part of the city who had not bean rescued, and after obtaming your Of the 37 captains, 20 captains are on board revenue cutters, 1 permission to take the cutter and go to their assistance I took a boat's crew is on practice ship Chase, 6 are on duty with the Life-Saving from the ship comp::>sed of the folfowing men: Charles Lincoln, boatswain; T. Olsen, coxswain; U. ld~tro!!l., tlD·d oiler; C. Wichelhaus, seaman; H. Service, 4 are on waiting orders, and 6 are on other shore duty. Gosch, ordinary seaman.; W. Miether, bugler and one man from shore who Of the 37 first lieutenants, 25 are on board revenue cutters, 4 went with us to show us the way. Would state that every man in the crew performed his duty in e\ery way highly sati fadory. are with the Life-Saving Service, 8 are on other special duty. I rowed up the bay about 4 miles t>.nd then started acr.oss the flooded pol'· Of the second lieutenants, 6 are on special duty, not on board tion of the c1ty, and after dragging the boat o-ver the shoal places I at last revenue cutters. succeeded in reaching a freight car, where two women and two children had taken r efuge. I took them into the boat, and after rowing and dragging tho On the practice ship Chase, on practice cruise, there are 1 cap boat about, and finding no more people in trouble, I started back to the ship. tain, 2 second lieutenants, 2 third lieutenants, 12 ca-dets. On the way I picked up three dead bodies and towed them in and reported The joint duties of the Revenue-Cutter Service, as set forth in them to the proper authorities. I brought the people aboard ship and gavo them food and shelter. One of the women being injured, I made a stretchel' the published regulations (paragraph 98) are, as fixed by law, the for her and carried her to the hospital with the help of the crew. following: · Would also state that on the morning of the lOth mstant, at your direction 1. The protection of the customs revenue. I took cutter and a crew from the ship and picked up eight dead bodies and towed them in to the wharf. 2. The assistance of vessels in distress. Would aLso inform you that I have issued 300 rations to the people we have 3. The enforcement of the laws pertaining to the quarantine. taken care of, and would request you to ask the Department to authorize 4. The enforcement of the neutrality laws. the purchasing of 300 extra rations from the contractor, to replenish thoso issued. 5. The enforcement of the navigation and other laws covering Respectfully submitted. merchant vessels. F. W. SMITH, 6. The protection of merchant vessels from piratical attacks Third Lieutenant, Revenue-Cutter Service, Acting Executive OifU;er, and the suppression of piracy. Respectfully submitted. CHAS. T. BRIAN, 7. The protection of the seal fisheries and seal-otter hunting First Lieutenant, Revenue-Cutter Service. Comnuznding. grounds in Alaska. 8. The protection of wrecked property. 9. The protection of the timber reserves of the United States U.S. S. GALVESTO~, Galveston, Tex., September,1900. Hon. SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY, against depredations. Washington, D. C. 10. The suppression of illegal traffic in firearms, ammunition, Sm: I have to report that on the 8th instant a hurricane of great violence and spirits in Alaska. visited this place, doing untold damage, great loss of life, and causing great 11. The suppression of the slave trade. distress. 12. The suppression of mutinies on board merchant vessels. At *4 the water* commenced* to rise over* the wharves* so rapidly• that *it was 13. The superintendence of the construction of life-saving sta- impossible for the people to leave the house on the bay shore. Sent the cut· tions. ter and crew in charge of Second Asst. Engineer C. S. Root (as it was 14. The inspection and drilling of crews of life-saving stations. impossible to spare Lieutenant Smith, as it took our attention to look out fOl' ·· the vessel) to render what assistance he could. He brought three families 15. The assisting of the Commission of Fish and Fisheries. on board, and moved the rest to places of safety. 16. The enforcement of the provision of law in regard to the The boa.t returned at 1 a. m. September 9. Lieutenant Smith volunteered anchorage of vessels in the ports of New York and Chicago. t:> take boat and rescue 2 women and 2 children in a box car up the ba¥. The boat returned with rescue party. We fed and gave shelter to 4 families, and 17. The cooperation with the Navy when di1·ected by the Presi- issued 300 rations and water to those that asked for assistance, as it was im dent. . possible to buy any provisions as nearly 70 per cent of the residences were 18. The establishment and mainten!l.nce of a refuge station at washed and blown down. The waterworks were damaged. The cistern water was ruined by rnlt water. In consequence fresh water is very scarce. Ol' near Point Barrow, Alaska. Up to date the city authorities estimate the deaths nearly 5,

U. S. S. GALVESTON, Galveston, Tex., September 11, 1900. the Clerk of the House of Representatives, the head of each executi\e de First Lieut. CHARLES T. BRIAN, R. C. S., partment of the Government, and the chief of each and every bureau, office, Commanding U. S. S. Galveston. commission, or institution not embraced in an executive depa.rtmen~, in Sm: I have the honor to submit the following report of the part taken by connection with which salaries are paid from the Treasury of the United eight men from this veSEel in rescuing -some of the inhabitants of this city States, shall, on the 1st day of July in each ye!l.r in which a new Congress is from drowning during the hurricane that was raging here on the afternoon to assemble, cause to be filed with the Secretary of the Interior a fUll and and evening of the 8th instant: complete list of all officers, a~ents, clerks, and other employees of said de.:;>art I left the ship with your permission at ·4 p.m. in charge of the cutter, ment, bureau, office, comllllSSion, or institution connected with the legis manned by the following volunteer crew: G. Jeffas, gunner; J. Anderson, lative, executive, or judicial service of the Government, or paid from the carpenter; N. Cormack, master at arms; T. Olsen, coxswain; W. Gardiner, United States Treasury, including military and naval officers of the United oiler (third class); W. Idstrom, oiler (third class); B. Rafailovich, fireman; States, cadets, and midshipmen. J. Bierman, ordinary seaman. Said list shall exhibit the salary, compensation, and emoluments allowed I drag-ged the boat from the ship across the railway tracks and launched to each of said officers, agents, clerks, and other employees, the State or her on Fourteenth street. Being informed that there were women and chil county in which he was born\ the St!l.te or Territory and Congressional dis IS dren to the east of Fourteenth street in da.n~er of drowning, I turned to the trict and countv of which he a resident and from which he was apnointed oo.st on avenue A and succeeded in embarking 13 persons from two houses to office, and where employed. - on that street between Thirteenth and Fourteenth streets. These houses A list of the names, force, and condition of all ships and vessels belooging were afterwards destroyed by the wind and sea. The boat being loaded as to the United States, and wnen and where built, shall also be filed with the dee_p as I deemed adtisable under the circumstances, I returned to the ship Secretary of the Interior by the heads of the departments h!l.ving supervi and placed these people aboard, arriving alongside at 4.50 p. m. sion of such ships and vessels for incorporation in the Official Register. I left at 5 p.m. t.o render further assistance. On arriving at the corner of It will be noticed that the foregoing requirements regarding the Fourteenth street and A venue A, I found a current had commenced running Blue Book require all the employees of the Government to be in from east to west with a s~eed of from 5 to 6 knots per hour, and this cur rent, together with the high wind, made the boat almost unmanageable, serted therein, including military and naval officers. By legal pulling 6 oars. construction the words'' including military and naval officers'' I endeavored to pull to the eastward, butwasunabletomake headway. All hands jumped overboard and tried to tow the boat to windward by means of would exclude the enlisted men of the Army and Navy, but even the painter, but finding the water up to our necks, and being unable to make then the Navy reports as officers the names, etc., of its warrant way against the current, the oars were again manned, and I gradually officers, such as boatswains, gunners, carpenters, warrant machin drifted to the westward along avenue A. At a point midway between Four teenth and Fifteenth streets\ I picked up four women and two men from a ists, etc., and both Army and Navy report all of the civil em skiff which had foundered aoout 3m feet to the eastward and were being ployees, including the employees in the Engineering Department rapidly swept into the bay. . of the Army and at the naval yards and naval stations of the About this time the roof of the grain elevator at the foot of Fourteenth street blew off, and the boat narrowly escape-d being crushed by flying debris. Navy. At the corner of Fifteenth street and avenue A, I caught a turn with boat's While other branches of the Government which have control painter around a telegraph po:e, thus preventing- the boat from being driven of vessels, such as the Light-House Service, the Fish Commis farther to the westward. By this time the wind had so increased that oars were of no use and no further attempt wa-s made to use them. By running sion, the Army Transport Service, etc., furnished a complete list lines the boat was warped to a small frame house been avenuE's A and Bon of all the employees in such services for publication in the Blue Fifteenth street, and I took aboard four aged people (two women and two Book, the Revenue-Cutter Service is the one branch of the Govern men). I then warped the boat to the corner of avenue B and Fifteenth street, dropped down to the westward along avenue Bas far as Seventeenth ment service which refuses or neglects to furnish such informa street, but saw no one who needed assistance. . tion, although there are now more than 1,000 employees of that I then warped the boat to a brick building on the northeast corner of Ave service besides the commissioned officers, and although there are nue C and Seventeenth street and landed the passengers, this being the safest place I was able to reach. The lower floor of this two-story building was oc several hundi·ed officers similar to the warrant officers reported cupied by a grocer, and was crowded by refugees. I was there informed that by the Navy in the Blue Book, such as boatswains, gunners, car there were several people in great dan~er on A venue C between Fifteenth penters, etc. and Seventeenth streets. I took possesswn of a coil of 60 fathoms of 1!-inch sisal rope (which was part of the grocer's stock) to assist in working the boat Mr. HEPBURN. I move that the committee do now rise. to the eastward and gave a receipt of the same. Avenue Cat this time was The motion was agreed to. full of floating debris and swimming cattle. The wind was blowing so hard The committee a-ccordingly rose; and Mr. DALZELL having taken it was impossible to look to windward. Ordinary Seaman J. Bierman took the end of the new coil of line in his teeth, the chair as Speaker pro tempore, Mr. OLMSTED reported that the swam as far to the eastward as he could draw the line, and made it fast to a Committee of the Whole House on the state of the Union had had telegraph pole which was about midway between Sixteenth and Seventeenth under consideration the bill to promote the efficiency of the streets on A venue C. Making fast to the pole I attempted t.o run a line farther to the eastward, but the wind, current, and wreckage prevented, so Revenue-Cutter Service, and had come to no resolution thereon. was reluctantly compelled to give it up. I took aboard the occupants of LEAVE OF ABSENCE. threeframehousesatthispoint (llpersons in all). It was now so dark that it was impossible to see, and I was compelled to desist from the work of rescue. Mr. RANSDELL of Louisiana, by unanimous consent, obtained The boat being full. I dropped back to the before-mentioned brick store leave of absence for two weeks, on account of important business. and landed our passengers. It being impossible to return to the ship, and HEPBURN not knowing how long we should have to remain in the boat, I took posses And then, on motion of Mr. (at 4 o'clock and 15 min sion of a box of soda biscuit. There being no fresh water to be had. and as utes p. m.), the House adjourned. all the men were thirsty, I took a large bottle of pickles, thinking the vine gar would help to quench their thirst. The crew of the boat took nothing without my order. I gave receipts for EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS. the articles just mentioned. I had previously noticed a one-story brick ware house on the east side of Seventeenth street, between Avenues Band C, quite Under clause 2 of Rule XXIV, the following executive commu isola ted from other buildings, and thinking it mi~ht be possible to get through nication was taken from the Speaker's table and referred as fol the large double front door with the bOat, mth great difficulty the boat was warped alongside the buildings, only to find that the door was partly lows: blocked with wreckage. I made the boat fast outside the building; all handS A letter from the Secretary of War, transmitting, with a letter went overboard, swam inside, and found a place of refuge on top of some to the Chief of Engineers, draft of a resolution authorizing cer · cases of merchandise. The water inside this building was about 10 feet deep at the time we entered, the surface being about 4 feet below the top of the tain payments to employees on the Government Printing Office door and rising slowly. A close watch was kept on the water, the idea being building- to the Committee on Claims, and ordered to be printed. to take to the boat again in case we were in danger of being imprisoned by the rise of the water. Beina in this building undoubtedlr saved us from being badly injured, if CHANGE OF REFERENCE. not killed, as the hurricane was at Its height a.t 9.30 p, m., the boat being struck by numerous pieces of brick, shale, etc. At 10.30 the water began to Under clause 2 of Rule XXII, the Committee on Pensions was fall rapidly1 going down about 3 feet in half an hour. The wind and current havin~ diminished so that I was able to handle the boat with the oars, I again discharged from the consideration of the bill (H. R. 13084) grant startea out at 11.15 p.m. No one could be seen who needed assistance, so I ing an increase of pension to John Middleton, and the same was pulled for the ship. Our way was blocked when we arrived within 100 yards referred to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. of the ship by wrecked freight cars and houses. I moored the boat securely, head and stern, took all movable equipment with me, and arrived on board, all members of the boat's crew being present and unhurt at 12.20 a.m. on the · 9th instant. PUBLIC BILLS, RESOLUTIONS, AND MEMORIALS. I took possession of the rope and food heretofore mentioned only because they were urgently needed and because I felt sure, under the circumstances, Under clause 3 of Rule XXIT, bills, resolutions, and memorials yon would approve of my action. I inclose a bill for the above articles. (See of the following titles were introduced, and severally referred as mclosure No.1). The men composing the boat's crew behaved with the greatest bravery follows: and in a manner highly creditable to the Revenue-Cutter Service of the By Mr. MOSS: A bill (H. R. 13165) for the erection of a public United States. I feel that I must make special mention of the conspicuous building at Bowling Green, Ky.-to the Committee on Public bravery of Ordinary Seaman J. Bierman\~ho, at the great risk of his life, re Buildings and Grounds. peatedly swam for long distances with lines, t:b.us enabling me to move the boat after oars became useless. By Mr. KAHN: A bill (H. R. 13166) to amend section 9 of the Respectfully submitted. act of February 2, 1901, entitled "An act to increase the effi CHAS. S. ROOT, ciency of the permanent military establishment of the United Second .Assistant Engineer, Revenue-Cutter Service. Respectfully submitted. States "- to the Committee on Military Affairs. · CHAS. T. BRIAN, By Mr. JONES of Washington (by request): A bill (H. R. Fi1·st ;Lieutenant, Revenue-Cutter Service, Commanding. 13167) to prevent grazing on the public lands of the United States STATUTORY PROVISIONS RELATING TO THE OFFICIAL REGISTER, in the State of Washington east of the summit of the Cascade [Act of Congress approved January 12, 1895.] Moup.tains between the 1st day of December of any year and the To enable the officer charged with the duty of preparing the Official Reg 31st day of March following- to the Committee on the Public ister of the United States to publish the same, tlie Secretary of the Senate1 ~~ . 1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 3439

By Mr. GREENE of Massachusetts: A bill (H. R. 13168) toes By Mr. WARNER: A bill (H. R. 13197) granting an increase tablish an additional life-saving station on Monomoy Island, of pension to William Nichol-to the Committee on Invalid Pen Massachusetts-to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Com sions. merce. Also, a bill (H. R. 13198) granting an increase of pension to By :M:r. RYAN: A bill (H. R. 13169) relating to third and George Gaylord-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. fourth class mail matter-to the Committee on the Post-Office and By Mr. WATSON: A bill (H. R. 13199) grantinganincreaseof Post-Roads. pension to Hem-y Clark-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. MEYER of Louisiana: A bill (H. R. 13170) to amend By Mr. WEEKS: A bill (H. R. 13200) granting an increase of section 941 of the Revised Statutes, as amended by act approved pension to Charles B. Greely-to the Committee on Invalid Pen March 3, 1899-to the Committee on the Judiciary. sions. By Mr. CURTIS: A bill (H. R. 13171) to ratify and confirm an Also, a bill (H. R. 13201) granting an increase of pension to agreement with the Creek tribe of Indians, and for other pur- George Thompson-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. poses-to the Committee on Indian Affairs. . By Mr. ZENOR: A bill (H. R. 13202) granting a pension to Also, a bill (H. R. 13172) to ratify and confirm an agreement Albert T. Weathers-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. with the Choctaw and Chickasaw tribes of Indians, and for other By Mr. CANDLER: A bill (H. R. 13203) for the relief of Jere purposes-to the Committee on Indian Affah·s. miah Walton-to the Committee on Military Affairs. By Mr. CONRY: A bill (H. R. 13173) to provide for the erec By Mr. VREELAND: A resolution (H. Res. 184) concerning tion of a public building at Boston, Mass.-to the Committee on the payment to Mrs. Jessie A. Glenn, widow of Hon. W. J. Public Buildings and Grounds. Glenn, late Doorkeeper of the House of Representatives, certain By Mr. McCALL: A bill (H. R. 13204) to provide for refunding moneys out of the contingent fund-to the Committee on Ac taxes paid upon legacies and bequests for uses of a religious, counts. charitable, or educational character, for the encouragement of art, and so forth, under the act of June 13, 1898-to the Committee PETITIONS, ETC. on Ways and Means. Under clause 1 of Rule XXII, the following petitions and papers were laid on the Clerk's desk and referred as follows: PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS. By Mr. ACHESON: Resolution of Polish-American citizens of Under clause 1 of Rule XXII, private bills and resolutions of the Homestead, favoring the erection of a statue to the late Brigadier following titles were introduced and severally referred as follows: General Count Pulaski at Washington-to the Committee on the By Mr. BALL of Texas: A bill (H. R. 13174) granting·an in Library. crea e of pension to Ransford T. Chase-to the Committee on By Mr. BELL: Resolutions of Denver Branch Society of En· Invalid Pensions. · gineers, favoring an educational qualification for ilnmigrants By Mr. CONRY: A bill (H. R.13175) to providemedalsforthe to the Committee on Immigration and Naturalization. Port Hudson volunteer forlorn-hope storming column of June 15, By Mr. CROMER: Petition of the National Hay Association, 1863-to the Committee on Military Affairs. Winchester, Ind., favoring House bill8337 and Senate bill3575, By Mr. HENRY of Mississippi: A bill (H. R. 13176) for there amending the interstate-commerce act-to the Committee on lief of the heirs of the late Thomas H. Brierly, deceased-to the Interstate and Foreign Commerce. Committee on Clailns. By Mr. CUMMINGS: Protest of the Manufacturers' Associa By Mr. HULL: A bill (H. R. 13177) granting an increase of tion of New York against the passage of Senate bill1118-to the pension to John W. Worley-to the Committee on Invalid Pen Committee on the Judiciary. sions. Also resolution of same body, favoring House bill9056, known By Mr. LASSITER: A bill (H. R. 13178) granting a pension to as the Babcock bill-tQ the Commit_tee on Ways and Means. William F. Bowden-to the Committee on Pensions. Also, resolution of same body, favoring the construction of naval By Mr. LOUDENSLAGER: A bill (H. R. 13179) granting an vessels at Government navy-yards-to the Committee on Naval increase of pension to Smith Bilderback-to the Committee on Affairs. Invalid Pensions. Also, resolutions of the Wholesale Grocers' Association of New By Mr. NEVIN: A bill (H. R. 13180) granting a pension to York and vicinity, regarding the Indian warehouse in New Adam Maurer-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. York-to the Committee on Indian Affairs. ~ Also, a bill (H. R. 13181) granting an increase of pension to By Mr. DALZELL: Petitions of Polish societies of Wilmer J ohh J. Reeder-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. ding, Braddock, Claridge, and West Pittsburg, Pa., favoring Also, a bill (H. R. 13182) granting an increase of pension to House bill16; for the erection of an equestrian statue of the late Joseph W. Nichols-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. General Pulaski at Washington, D. C.-to the Committee on the Also, a bill (H. R. 13183) granting an increase of pension to Library. George R. Myers-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also, resolutions of Order of Railway Conductors of C0lum Also, a bill (H. R. 13184) granting an increase of pension to bia, Pa., and Order of Railway Trainmen of Philadelphia, Pa., Philip Gavin-to the Committee on Pensions. favoring the passage of the Hoar-Grosvenor anti-injunction bill Also, a bill (H. R. 13185) granting an increase of pension to to the Committee of the Judiciary. · David Peters-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. DRAPER: Resolutions of Building Trades Council of Also, a bill . (H. R. 13186) granting an increase of pension to New York, urging legislation to increase the pay of letter car Samuel B. White-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. riers-to the Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. Also, a bill (H. R. 13187) granting an increase of pension to By Mr. EDWARDS: Petition of the Basin Miners' Union, of Benjamin F. Shoe-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Basin, Mont., for the further restriction of immigration-to the By Mr. POWERS of Maine: A bill (H. R. 13188) to remove the Committee on Immigration and Naturalization. charge of desertion from the military record of Edwin C. Win By Mr. EMERSON: Letter from Gas Engine and Power Com chester, alias Willis E. Jackson-to the Committee . on Military pany, New York City, protesting against the passage of House Affairs. bill 3076, known as the eight-hour bill-to the Committee on Also. a bill (H. R.13189) granting a pension to Henry C. Cowan Labor. to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. FLEMING: Resolutions of Augusta Division, No. 202, By Mr. ROBB: A bill (H. R. 13190) to remove the charge of Order of Railway Conductors, of Augusta, and Division No. 368, desertion from the military record of James Jacobs-to the Com of Atlanta, Ga., Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers, favoring mittee on Military Affairs. the passage of the Hoar-Grosvenor anti-injunction bill-to the By Mr. HENRY C. SMITH: A bill (H. R. 13191) gra~ting an Committee on the Judiciary. increase of pension to Harvey L. Rose-to the Committee on In By Mr. IDTT: Petition·of the Congregational Church of Peca valid Pensions. t<>nica, m.' for legislation against the liquor traffic-to the Com· By Mr. SNOOK: A bill (H. R. 13192) granting an increase of mittee on Alcoholic Liquor Traffic. pension to Lionel 0. Coleman-to the Committee on Invalid Pen By Mr. ~LL: Communication of William H. Van Name, sions. Port Richmond, Staten Island, in relation to Senate bill2172- Also, a bill (H. R. 13193) granting an increase of pension to to the Committee on War Claims. George N. Rice-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. LONG: Paper to accompany House bill11445, granting Also, a bill (H. R. 13194) granting increase of pension to Lewis a pension to James Gray-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. F. Ro s-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also, paper to accompany House bill 8560, to amend the mili By Mr. SOUTHARD: A bill (H. R. 13195) granting an increase tary record of James A. Gregg-to the Committee on Military of pension to David R. Hunt-to the Committee on Invalid Pen Affairs. ::;ions. Also, petition of J. S. Wyckoff and many other citizens of Also. a bill (H. R. 13196) to correct the record of Wilson W. Wichita, Kans., favoring extension of the Chinese-exclusion act Brcnvn-to-the Committee on Military Affairs. to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. 3440 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. MARCH 31,

Also, letter of Justin M. Cooper, to accompany House bill1068, SENATE. for his relief-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. MARTIN: Petition of Lead City Miners' Union, of .1\Io~-rnAY, March 31, 1902. Lead, S.Dak., favoring an educational qualification for immi grants-to the Committee on Immigration and Naturalization. Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. W. H. MILBURN, D. D. By Mr. MAYNARD: Petition of the Il'Oquois Club, of San The Secretary proceeded to read the Journal of the proceedings Francisco, Cal., favoring the construction of war vessels in the of T~ursday last, when, on request. of :Mr. G;ALL:lliGER, and by United States navy-yards-to the Committee on Naval Affairs. unammous consent, the further reading was dispensed with. Also resolution of the Virginia State Good Roads Convention, The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Journal, without objec Richmond, Va., in favor of liberal appropriations for the Good tion, will stand approved. Roads Bureau-to the Committee on Agriculture. PACIFIC RAILROADS. Also, resolution of Massachusetts State Board of Trade favor The PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate a com ing the appointment of a commission to study and report upon the munication from the Secretary of the Interior, transmitting in industrial and commercial conditions in China-to the Commit 1·esponse to a resolution of the 18th instant, a statement of the tee on Fereign Affairs. traffic relations between the railroads that connect the waters of Mr. McCLEARY: ResolutionsofMinnesotaStateEncampment, the Pa-cific Ocean and the Government of the United States with Grand Army of the Republic, favoring a more liberal interpre a reference to the statutes upon which such relations hav~ been tation of the pension laws-to the Committee on Invalid Pen conducted, etc.; which, with the accompanying papers was re sions. ferred to the Committee on Pacific Railroads, and orde~ed to be Also, resolution of Olmsted (Minn.) Good Roads Asssociation, printed. in favor of liberal appropriations for the Good Roads Bureau-to LOTS :rn THE CITY OF WASHINGTON, the Committee on Agriculture. Also, resolution of the St. Paul (Minn.) Chamber of Commerce, The PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate a com~ favoring liberal appropriations for the Department of Agricul munication from the Secretary of War, transmitting a letter from tm·e-to the Committee on Agriculture. the Chief of Engineers, United States Army, in relation to Sen.: By Mr. MOON: Papers to accompany House bill11449, grant ate bill 4496, to confirm title to lots 3, 4, and n, in square 979 in ing an increase of pension to Otto Holtnorth-to the Committee Washington, D. C., and also a copy of a letter from Col. Theo on Pensions. dore A. Bingham, the officer in charge of public buildings and By Mr. PALMER: Petitions of Branches Polish National Alli grounds in the city of Washington, relative to a bill of the House ance at Nanticoke and Glenlyon, Pa, favoring the erection of of Representatives on the same subject; which, with the accom a statue to the late Brigadier-General Count Pulaski at Washing panying papers, was refe1Ted to the Committee on the District ton-to the Committee on the Library. of Columbia, and ordered to be printed. By Mr. Powers of Maine: Papers to accompany House bill re MESSAGE FROll THE HOUSE, lating to the correction of the military record of Edwin C. Win A message from the House of Representatives by Mr. W. J. chester, alias Willis E. Jackson-to the Committee on Military BROWNING, its Chief Clerk, announced that the House had agreed Affairs. to the amendments of the Senate to the following bills: Also, papers to accompany Honse bill 13189, for the relief of A bill (H. R. 2273) granting a pension to Martha A. DeLama. Henry R. Cowan-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. ter; By :Mr. RUCKER: Protest of merchants of Meadville, Mo., A bill (H. R. 10486) granting a pension to Alida Payne; against Honse bill 6578, known as the parcels-post bill-to the A bill (H. R.11418) granting an increase of pension to Hannah Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. T. Knowles; and By Mr. RYAN: Resolutions of a mass meeting of the Utah A bill (H. R. 12315) granting an increase of pension to James volunteers, favoring bill to allow travel pay from Manila, P. I., T~~ . to San Francisco to those who enlisted on call for volunteers-to The message also announced that the House had passed with the Committee on Military Affairs. amendments the following bills; in which it requested the con By Mr. SHATTUC: Papers to accompany bill to restore David currence of the Senate: B. Jeffers to the Army of the United States and place him on the A bill (S. 1172) granting an increase of pension to Catharine F. retired list-to the Committee on Military Affairs. Edmunds; By Mr. HENRY C. SMITH: Resolutions of Michigan State A bill (S. 2371)' granting a pension to Andrew J. Felt; · Grange against the ship subsidy bill-to the Committee on Inter A bill (S. 2976) granting an increase of pension to Edward state and Foreign Commerce. Thompson; By Mr. SNOOK: Papers to accompany Honse bill13192, grant A bill (S. 3143) granting an increase of pension to Frances Gur ing a pension to Lionel 0. Coleman-to the Committee on Invalid ley Elderkin; and Pensions. A bill (S. 4071) granting an increase of pension to George C. Also, papers to accompany House bill13194, granting a pension Tillman. to Lewis F. Ross-to the Committee on Pensions. The message further announced that the House had passed the Also, paper to a~ompany House bill 13193, granting an in following bills: crease of pension to George N. Rice-to the Committee on In A bill (S. 6) granting an increase of pension to Charles H. valid Pensions. Stone; By Mr. SPERRY: Petition of Piano and Organ Workers' A bill (S. 13) granting an increase of pension to George Union of Derby, Conn., to exclude Chinese laborers-to the Com Daniels; mittee on Foreign Affairs. A bill (S. 880) granting an increase of pension to Emory S. By Mr. SOUTHARD: Resolutions of Safety Lodge, No. 142, Foster; Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen, for the passage of House A bill (S. 965) granting a pension to Eliza B. Gamble; bill 9330, for a further restliction of Chinese immigration-to the A bill (S. 1039) -granting an increase of pension to Nathaniel C. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Goodwin; · Also, resolutions of Safety Lodge, No. 142, Locomotive Fire A bill (S. 1095) granting an increase of pension to 1\fary men; Division No. 26, Order of Railway Conductors; Machinists' Morgan; Lodge No. 105; Journeymen Tailors' Union, all of Toledo, Ohio, A bill (S. 1264) granting an increase of pension to Torgus and Retail Clerks' Union No. 239, of Bowling Green, Ohio, favor Haraldson; - ing more restrictive immigration laws-to the Committee on Im A bill (S. 1289) gTanting an increase of pension to Julius W. migration and Naturalization. Clark; By Mr. WANGER: Petitions of Branch No, 543, Pottstown, Pa., A bill (S. 1630) granting an increase of pension to Ella R. Polish National Alliance, favoring the erection of a statue to the Graham; · late Brigadier-Genera]. Count Pulaski at Washington-to the A bill (S. 1681) granting an increase of pension to Maria Louisa Committee on the Library. Michie; Also, resolutions of Hagerstown (Pa.) Circle, No. 37, Brother A bill (S. 1872) granting an increase of pension to Abbie hood of the Union, in favor of a national park at Valley Forge George; to the Committee on Military Affairs. A bill (S. 1924) granting an increase of pension to Thomas By Mr. WOODS: Petition of the State Council of California, Feneran; Junior Order United American Mechanics, favoring restrictive A bill (S. 1942) granting an increase of pension to Kate H. immigration laws-to the Committee on Immigration and Natu Clements; ralization. A bill (S. 1967) granting an increase of pension to Andrew J. Also, petition of Order of Railroad Conductors No. 195, Sacra Freeman; mento, Cal., favoring a further restriction of Chinese immigra A bill (S. 1979) granting an increase of pension to Samuel M. tion-to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. Howard; · \