Musical Instruments in Western European Art an Iconographical

Musical Instruments in Western European Art

An Iconographical Guide

The Tambourine -- 17th Century

Status of July 2004

PLEASE DO NOT SEND ADDITIONAL ENTRIES. The entries published here are only the ones for which I have somewhat respectable bibliographic entries at this time. I have much more information for these and for additional entries which will be added as I get around to it. I didn't set out to compile a bibliography -- or, more properly, an iconography. This list is just what happens to be lying about the house. It is very much a work in progress, but if I waited until everything was perfect, it would never appear.

However, I would appreciate corrections -- wrong page references, for example. Send corrections to

Mary Rasmussen Music Department University of New Hampshire Durham NH 03824 (USA)

I am singularly error-prone, alas, and I am sure that there are numerous mistakes in this list. I am quit capable of looking at page 257 and writing down 277, and I seem to have difficulty telling right from left. Sorry.

The purpose of this iconography is to answer the question "Where can I find an illustration of ...?" I have included only works of art for which there is a published reproduction (plus some that are in the Visual Collection, Fine Arts Library, Harvard University and a few in the Bild-Archiv Photo Marburg).

Many thanks to Isabel Gray and the UHN Music Department for putting this index on their web page.

[GB] BRITISH ARTISTS -- 17th CENTURY

VI: Literary and Historical Subjects/Figures

[Barlow Dr] Barlow, Francis (1626?-1704). Aesop welcomed on his return to Samos, from Aesop's Fables. London BM. drawing. A triumphal welcome with musicians playing six fanciful brass instruments and a tambourine. (1960 catalog of British Drawings, vol. I, pl. 57)

[NL] DUTCH ARTISTS -- 17th CENTURY

I: Old Testament

Triumph of David: [Steen Pa] Steen, Jan (1626-1679). Triumph of David (1671). Copenhagen SMK. One of the male figures plays a tambourine. (exh Washington DC, NGA, 1996: Jan Steen, Painter and Storyteller. p. 79 [not exh]; Vis. Coll. 374.St.3.12D)

Other: [Mehus Pa] Mehus, Livio (1630-1691). The Fall of Manna. private collection. Includes an infant holding a tambourine. (exh Detroit, 1974: The Twilight of the Medici ... cat. no. 165, p. 281)

[Steen Pa] Steen, Jan (1626-1679). The Adoration of the Golden Calf. Raleigh NC, NCMA. One of the musical figures is a black woman (?) with a tambourine. (M. Westermann. The Amusements of Jan Steen ... Zwolle 1997. p. 289, as ca.1673-76; Vis. Coll. 374.St3.11G)

II: New Testament

Cana, Wedding at: [Steen Pa] Steen, Jan (1626-1679). The Wedding at Cana (1676). Pasadena, Norton Simon Foundation. With several musicians, including a man playing a tambourine. (Haak. p. 430; exh Washington DC, NGA, 1996: Jan Steen, Painter and Storyteller. p. 239 [not exh]; Sedelmeyer sale, 1907, IIe Vente, no. 176)

V: Mythology

Bacchanals: See also Portraits and Conversation Pieces.

[Couwenbergh Pa] Couwenbergh, Christian van (1604-1667). Bacchanal (1626). private collection. Includes a bacchante playing a tambourine. unimp. (Haak. p. 326)

[Couwenbergh Pa] ______. Sine Baccho et Caerere friget Venus. Monaco art market (1986). Includes a bacchante playing a tambourine. (Nicolson Caravaggism. pl. 1220)

[Couwenbergh Pa] ______. Bacchus and Ceres (1626). location unknown. Includes, in the background, a bacchante dancing and playing a tambourine. (Nicolson Caravaggism. pl. 1218 [poor reproduction])

[Hoet Pa] Hoet, Gerard (1648-1733). Sacrificial Feast Among Antique Ruins. Munich art market. A male figure plays a shawm and female figures play lyre and tambourine. unimp. The figures are more seventeenth century than mythological. (Bernt II, pl. 530 [poor reproduction])

[Lairesse Dr] Lairesse, Gerard de (1641-1711). Bacchanal. Darmstadt HLM. drawing. Figures play wind instruments and tambourine. (Kettering Dutch Arcadia. fig. 185, as "Procession with Silvio carrying the Head of the Erimanthian Boar (?)"; Vis. Coll. 374d.L145.90[b])

[Lairesse Pa] ______. Bacchanal. Kassel, Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister. A male figure plays a double woodwind and a woman plays a tambourine (JJ). (Bernt II, pl. 656).

Muses: See also Still Life.

[Bisschop Pr] Bisschop, Jan de (called Episcopius) (1646-1686). Four Muses. etching. They play lira da braccio, lute, double woodwind (pausing) and tambourine (held). They are based on four of the Muses of an engraving by Hendrik Hondius (1573-1648) after Taddeo Zuccaro (1529-1566). The lira and double woodwind players are close copies, the lute player is totally botched, and the tambourine player is based on Zuccaro's flute player. (Musica calendar 1987: 26 July-8 August [fine reproduction])

VI: Literary and Historical Subjects/Figures

See also Allegory, Vanitas.

[Boel Pa] Boel, Pieter (1622-1674). Vanitas Still Life/Allegory of Vanity (1663). Lille MBA. Includes a pochette, tromba marina, viol, violin, lute and tambourine (J -- very loose jingle). (Leppert Theme. no. 47, pl. III [fair reproduction]; Mirimonde IMRB vol. I, fig. 94 [detail]; Lille MBA. 100 Chefs d'oeuvre. Lille 1970. no. 41; exh Boston 1993- 94: The Age of Rubens. p. 83 [minuscule reproduction, not exhibited]; exh Brussels MRBA, 1965: Le siècle de Rubens. cat. no. 13, pl. 16 [poor reproduction]; Antwerp KMsK Jaarboek 1964, p. 118 [poor reproduction], 120 [detail])

[Boel Pa] ______, attr. Still Life. Vienna, Akademie der bildenden Künste, Gemäldegalerie. Includes a small cello, a lute and a tambourine (J -- very loose jingle, perhaps with some BB). (Bernt I, pl. 132 [fair reproduction]; Antwerp KMsK Jaarboek 1964, p. 118 [poor reproduction], 127 [fair reproduction])

XII: Decorative Elements

[Kessel-Teniers Pa] Kessel, Jan I van (1626-1679) and David II Teniers (1610-1690). Scene from the History of the Family of Moncade, Count of Aytona. private collection. The decorative border trophies include two tambourines among the many musical instruments. (Leppert Theme. no. 386, pl. XXVI)

XIII: Scenes of Everyday Life -- Outdoor

Garden Parties: [Geffels Pa] Geffels, Frans (1635-1699). Dance. London art market (1963). A couple dances, accompanied by a woman playing a guitar and a man playing a lute. There is also a comedian with a tambourine. (Apollo 78 [1963] Dec. ad p. liv [fair color])

Pastorales: [Neve Pr] Neve, Frans de (b.1606-doc. to 1668). Pastorale with a Shepherdess Playing a Tambourine. etching. (IB vol. 5, no. 13, p. 150)

Street Scenes: [Pa Anon.] [Flemish, 17th century] Itinerant Musicians. London art market (1972). Men play harp and lute (seated on a donkey). A woman plays a tambourine. A child plays a tiny woodwind and another child may sing. (sale, Christie's, London, 7.VII.1972, lot 50, as Jan Miel; G. Briganti et al. The Bamboccianti ... Rome 1983. p. 246 [fair reproduction])

XIV: Scenes of Everyday Life -- Indoor

Interiors (not Church, Inn): [Baellieur Pa] Baellieur, Cornelius de (1607-1671), attr. The Cabinet d'amateur of Peter Paul Rubens. Florence, Palazzo Pitti. There is a pile of musical instruments, including a tambourine. (S. Speth-Holterhoff. Les peintres flamands de cabinets d'amateurs au XVIIe siècle. Brussels 1957. fig. 49 [fair reproduction])

Operatic/Theatrical Scenes: [Ta location unknown] Flemish (Brussels), second third, 17th century. Theatrical Scene, with Comedians. location unknown. tapestry. The comedians play lute, tambourine and triangle. (Göbel I/2, no. 179 [fair reproduction], as Berlin art market)

XV: Miscellaneous Figures

Angels: [Garibaldi Pa] Garibaldi, Marc Antonio (1620-a.1678). Glorification of the Virgin. Antwerp, Church of St. Lawrence. Several musical angels, including one playing a tambourine. (Leppert Theme. no. 235, pl. XII [fair reproduction])

Comedians: See also Scenes of Every Day Life -- Outoor, Garden Parties.

Musicians (amateur and professional): [Sweerts Pa] Sweerts, Michael (1624-1664). The Tambourine Player. Los Angeles County Museum. Street musicians in Italian costume play a little recorder (a child plays it and dances) and tambourine. (1954 Catalog of Paintings, no. 66)

Putti: See also Mythology, Other.

[F] FRENCH ARTISTS -- 17th CENTURY

I: Old Testament

Triumph of David: [Claude Dr] Claude Lorrain (Gelée) (1600-1682). Landscape with the Triumph of David. Cambridge MA, The Harvard University Art Museums. drawing. The Welcoming Women play tambourine and clappers (?). Two boys play looped trumpets. (Gazette des Beaux-Arts 123 [March 1994] La chronique des arts no. 1502, p. 53)

IV: Saints St. Cecilia: See also Allegory, Music/Poetry/Liberal Arts.

[Mignard Pa] Mignard, Pierre (1612-1695). St. Cecilia (1691). Paris Louvre. She plays a double harp. Not played: viol, recorder, oboe and tambourine (J/B/B). (1974 catalog: Peintures. École française, 17-18 siècle. no. 572; (Mirimonde Iconographie musicale. vol. 1, no. 91; Mirimonde Sainte Cécile. pl. 139, p. 179; Early Music 16 [1988] 332 [useful detail]; Musique-Images-Instruments 3 [1997] 202 [small reproduction]; Vis. Coll. 375.M585.38C)

V: Mythology

Bacchanals: See also Allegory, Seasons.

[Blanchard Pa] Blanchard, Jacques (1600-1638). Bacchanal. Nancy, Musée. Bacchantes play cymbals, tambourine and triangle. (Art de France 1 [1961] 93 [minuscule reproduction])

[Corneille Dr] Corneille, Michel (1642-1708). Bacchanal. New York art market (1999). drawing. Includes dancing figures playing cymbals and tambourine. unimp. (Burlington 141 [1999] October ad p. xvi [minuscule reproduction])

[Dorigny Pr] Dorigny, Michel (1617-1665). Bacchanal. engraving. A bacchante dances to her jingle ring and satyrs play double woodwind and panpipes. (G. Brucher. Die barocke Deckenmalerei in der Steiermark. Graz 1973. Abb. 104)

[La Fosse Pa] La Fosse, Charles de (1636-1716), attr. Bacchanal. Karlsruhe, Staatliche Kunsthalle. Includes a bacchante dancing and playing a tambourine. (Gazette des Beaux-Arts 64 [1964] 114)

[F de Troy Pa] Troy, François de (1645-1730). Bacchus and Ariadne. Dublin NGI. Includes a bacchante playing a vaguely depicted tambourine. unimp. (B. Boydell. Music and Paintings in the National Gallery of Ireland. Dublin 1985. p. 59 [fair reproduction])

Muses (unidentified): [Pr Anon.] Anon. "Le Consert Royal des Muses," from an Almanach of 1671. Paris, le veuve Moncornet, 1671. engraving. The Muses (there are only seven) sing and play double bass, lute, recorder and tambourine (JJ/BB). (Mirimonde Iconographie musicale, vol. 1, no. 63)

[Chastillon-La Fosse Pr] Chastillon [Louis de Châtillon (1639-1734]?) after Charles de La Fosse (1636-1716). Apollo and the Muses. engraving. Apollo holds a lyre. Muses hold a straight trumpet and play a tambourine. (Gazette des Beaux-Arts 64 [1964] July- August cover [detail])

Muses (Terpsichore): [Sc Versailles Château] Houzeau, Jacques (1624-1691). Terpsichore. Versailles, Château, facade. sculpture. She plays a tambourine. (Gazette des Beaux-Arts 79 [1972] 82)

Muses (Thalia): [Toutain Pa] Toutain, Pierre (1645-1686). Thalia and Erato. Fontainebleau, musée national du château. Erato holds a lyre. Beside Thalia there is a partly visible woodwind instrument (oboe?) beneath a tambourine. (Musique-Images- Instruments 4 [1999] 179)

Other: See also Allegory, Times of Day; Scenes of Everyday Life -- Outdoor, Landscapes.

[Le Brun-Valck Pr] Gerard Valck (1626-1720) after Charles Le Brun (1619-1690). Sleeping Venus and a Faun. engraving. There is a tambourine on the ground beside Venus. (Hollstein [Dutch] XXXI, no. 20, p. 258, as probably a copy after a print by or after Charles Le Brun)

[Le Pautre Pr] Le Pautre, Jean (1618-1682). "Vue de la face extérieure de la Grotte de Versailles (1673)." engraving. On the facade (by Jean Goujon [ca.1510-1565]), in low relief, a Triton blows a reverse-curve horn. In another relief a Triton blows a shell horn (?) and women play a tambourine and a reverse-curve horn. There are also at least two putti riding dolphins and blowing reverse-curve horns. (Gazette des Beaux-Arts 117 [1991] 2; Zeitschrift für Kunstgeschichte 47 [1984] 446)

VII: Allegory

Elements: [Krauss-Le Brun Pr] Johanna Sybilla Krauss, after Charles Le Brun (1619- 1690). The Four Elements: Air, from Johann Ulrich Kraus, Tapisseries du Roy ... Augsburg 1619. engraving. Mostly wind instruments, but for some reason there is a tambourine. (exh Münster, Baden Baden: 1979-80: Stilleben in Europa. no. 90c)

Music/Poetry/Liberal Arts: [Corneille Dr] Corneille, Jean-Baptiste (1649-1695). Allegory of Music, with St. Cecilia. Paris Louvre CdD, inv. gen III.2314, cat. no. 25281. drawing. Numerous musical instruments, including an unplayed jingle ring (JJ/B). unimp. (Mirimonde Sainte Cécile. pl. 93)

Seasons: [Ta Paris Mobilier National] French (Gobelins) (Cartoon by Pierre Mignard). Summer (Sacrifice to Ceres), from a Four Seasons series. Paris, Mobilier National. tapestry. Dancing women play sistrum and tambourine. (Gazette des Beaux-Arts 121 [1993] 17 [ok reproduction]) Drawing (Mignard Workshop) (Paris Louvre CdD). (Gazette des Beaux-Arts 121 [1993] 16 [small reproduction]) Engraving by Jean- Baptiste Poilly (1669-1728) after Mignard. (Gazette des Beaux-Arts 121 [1993] 16 [small reproduction])

[Ta Paris Mobilier National] French (Gobelins) (Cartoon by Pierre Mignard). Autumn (Bacchus and Ariadne), from a Four Seasons series. Paris, Mobilier National. tapestry. A bacchante dances to her tambourine. Two men blow ribbed horns (one with a rusticated bell). There is a tambourine hanging on a tree and another lying on the ground. (Gazette des Beaux-Arts 121 [1993] 19 [ok reproduction]) Drawing (Mignard Workshop) (Paris Louvre CdD). (Gazette des Beaux-Arts 121 [1993] 18 [small reproduction]) Engraving by Jean-Baptiste Poilly (1669-1728) after Mignard. (Gazette des Beaux-Arts 121 [1993] 18 [small reproduction])

[Ta Paris Mobilier National] French (Gobelins, Atelier H. Laurent) (cartoon by Charles Le Brun [1664]), 17th century (before 1680). Winter, from a Four Seasons series. Paris, Mobilier National. tapestry. A pile of objects includes a violin, a woodwind instrument and a tambourine. very unimp. (Göbel II/2, pl. 80, with location Garde- Meuble National)

Times of Day: [Le Brun Dr] Le Brun, Charles (1619-1690). Cybele Rejoicing at the Arrival of Dawn. Paris Louvre CdD. drawing. Rejoicing figures play a wind instrument (?), a curved horn, cymbals and tambourine. A nude child plays a 1-1/4 circle coiled horn. (Gazette des Beaux-Arts 121 [1993] 35 [ok reproduction])

Vice/Virtue: [Dr Anon.] French, 17th century. The Choice of Hercules. private collection. drawing. There is an unplayed tambourine. (E. Panofsky. Hercules am Scheidewege ... Berlin 1930. Taf. LIII, Abb. 79, suggests artist may be Hilaire Pader [1607-1677])

[La Fosse Pa] La Fosse, Charles de (1636-1716). The Choice of Hercules. Nevers MBA (painted for the billiard room [!] of the Château de Meudon). Includes a prominent tambourine on the ground beside Voluptas. (Gazette des Beaux-Arts 64 [1964] 109 [usless reproduction], as 1700)

XII: Decorative Elements

[BI Paris 1660] Richer, Pierre (op.1630-1670). Title page of Michel Lambert, Les Airs ... Paris, Charles de Sercy, 1660. engraving. Among the many musical instruments is a tambourine. (Fraenkel no. 110)

[Ta Paris Mobilier National] French (Gobelins, cartoon by Charles Le Brun [1619- 1690]). Acis and Galatea. Paris, Mobilier National. tapestry. There is a border trophy with many musical instruments, including a tambourine. unimp. (Mirimonde Iconographie musicale, vol. I, fig. 100)

[Vivot Pr] Vivot, Alexandre (doc.1623-m.1633). Decorative Panel (Paris 1623). etching. includes a woman playing a tambourine. (Gazette des Beaux-Arts 139 [2002] 184 [small reproduction])

XIII: Scenes of Everyday Life -- Outdoor

Landscapes: [Claude Pa] Claude Lorrain (Gelée) (1600-1682). Landscape with Rural Dance. Florence Uffizi. Icludes rustic figures dancing and playing bagpipe and tambourine (one of the dancers). (L. Mannocci. The Etchings of Claude Lorrain. New Haven 1988. p. 163 [useless reproduction]; M. Roethlisberger. Claude Lorrain: the Paintings. New Haven 1961. cat. 208, fig. 52 [poor reproduction], as ca.1637. Notes that the painting is "thoroughly damaged." "The present condition of the picture is such that no conclusive statement about its authenticity is possible [but thinks it probable]." Variant (Collection Duke of Westminster) in far better condition. (M. Roethlisberger. Claude Lorrain: the Paintings. New Haven 1961. cat. 208, fig. 53, as ca.1637) Related etching (Mannocci cat. 20 [several states], pp. 158-162]; exh Washington NG 1982-83: Claude Lorrain. Ed. H. D. Russell. cat. E20 [several states] pp. 332-336)

[Claude Dr] ______. Landscape with Rural Dance. Haarlem Teyler. drawing. There are four dancers, one of whom (a man) seems to have a tambourine. (exh Washington NG 1982-83: Claude Lorrain. Ed. H. D. Russell. cat. D10, p. 210 [ok reproduction] A study for LV 13)

[Claude Dr] ______. Landscape with Rural Dance (Lib. ver. 13). London BM. drawing. A couple dances, men play bagipe and shawm, and a woman plays tambourine. (M. Roethlisberger. Claude Lorrain: the Drawings. Berkeley 1968. no. 130, as 1637)

[Claude Dr] ______. Pastoral Landscape (1637) (Lib. ver 25). London BM. drawing. Includes a little impromptu trio of goatherds: a man plays a flute, and women play woodwind (flute or recorder?) and tambourine. (M. Roethlisberger. Claude Lorrain: the Drawings. Berkeley 1968. no.164, as 1637)

[Claude Dr] ______. Landscape with Dancers (Lib. ver 53). London BM. drawing. A couple dances, men play two woodwind instruments (one or both flutes?) and a woman plays a tambourine. unimp. (M. Roethlisberger. Claude Lorrain: the Drawings. Berkeley 1968. no. 402)

[Claude Dr] ______. Landscape with Dancing Satyrs and Nymphs (Lib. ver. 108). London BM. drawing. includes dancers (one may brandish a tambourine), three woodwinds (one double) and a woman playing a tambourine. unimp. (M. Roethlisberger. Claude Lorrain: the Drawings. Berkeley 1968. no. 630, as 1646/47; M. Roethlisberger. Claude Lorrain: the Paintings. New Haven 1961. fig. 192 [ok reproduction])

[Claude Dr] ______. Landscape with Dancing Peasants (1648) (Lib. ver. 113). London BM. drawing. Includes a woman playing a tambourine. very unimp. (M. Roethlisberger. Claude Lorrain: the Drawings. Berkeley 1968. no. 650; M. Roethlisberger. Claude Lorrain: the Paintings. New Haven 1961. fig. 199 [ok reproduction])

[Claude Pa] ______. Landscape with a Mill/Landscape with the Marriage of Isaac and Rebecca (Lib. ver. 113) (1648). London NG. A couple dances, she playing a tambourine. There are also one or two players of woodwind instruments. (M. Roethlisberger. Claude Lorrain: the Paintings. New Haven 1961. cat. LV113, fig. 196 [poor reproduction]; exh Washington NG 1982-83: Claude Lorrain. Ed. H. D. Russell. p. 164 [utterly useless reproduction, not exhibited]; Burlington 115 [1973] 782 [useless for details])

[Claude Pa] ______. Pastoral Landscape (Lib. ver 176). Munich AP. Includes a woman playing a woodwnd instrument and a man playing a tambourine (?). (M. Roethlisberger. Claude Lorrain: the Paintings. New Haven 1961. no. LV176, fig. 286 [poor reproduction], as 1670)

[Claude Pa] ______. Pastoral Landscape with the Flight to Egypt (Lib. ver. 104). Nivaagaard (Denmark), Hage Gallery. Includes men playing a double woodwind (?) and a flute and a woman waving two tambourines at once. (M. Roethlisberger. Claude Lorrain: the Paintings. New Haven 1961. no. LV104, fig. 185 [poor reproduction], as 1646/47)

[Claude Dr] ______. Landscape with a Dance. Oxford Ashmolean. drawing. Includes a man playing a bagpipe and a female dancer with a tambourine. (L. Mannocci. The Etchings of Claude Lorrain. New Haven 1988. p. 157; M. Roethlisberger. Claude Lorrain: the Drawings. Berkeley 1968. no. 131, as ca.1637; exh Washington NG 1982-83: Claude Lorrain. Ed. H. D. Russell. cat. D13, p. 213 [ok reproduction])

[Claude Pa] ______. Landscape with Rural Dance/La Fête vallageoise (Lib. ver. 36). Paris Louvre. Includes men playing bagpipe and flute(?) and a woman playing a tambourine. (M. Roethlisberger. Claude Lorrain: the Paintings. New Haven 1961. cat. LV36, fig. 92 [poor reproduction], as 1639; exh Washington NG 1982-83: Claude Lorrain. Ed. H. D. Russell. cat. P24, p. 135 [useless reproduction]; Burlington 101 [1959] 330 [poor reproduction]) The Liber veritatis drawing (London BM) includes only the lower right hand portion (no tambourine?). (Burlington 101 [1959] 330 [fair reproduction])

[Claude Dr] ______. Landscape with Dance. Paris Louvre CdD RF 4583. drawing. The dancers (ca.8) are led by a girl playing a tambourine. (M. Roethlisberger. Claude Lorrain: the Drawings. Berkeley 1968. no. 65, as ca.1630-35)

[Claude Dr] ______. Figure Group with Dance. Paris Louvre CdD RF 4595. drawing. The dancer plays a one-hand pipe with one hand and a tambourine with the other. (M. Roethlisberger. Claude Lorrain: the Drawings. Berkeley 1968. no. 652, as ca.1645- 50)

[Claude Pa] ______. Landscape with Dancing Figures (Lib. ver. 113). Rome, Galleria Doria. Female figures play tiny flute, cornett (?) and tambourine (dancing). (M. Roethlisberger. Claude Lorrain: the Paintings. New Haven 1961. cat. LV113, fig. 197 [poor reproduction], as 2648/49; ; exh Washington NG 1982-83: Claude Lorrain. Ed. H. D. Russell. p. 65 [useless reproduction, not exhibited]; F. Bonsignori. La pittura nel '600. Milan 1974. tav. 3 [ok color]; G. Torselli. La Galleria Doria. Rome 1969. p. 223, 240-41 [splendid color detail]; Arte illustrata 3 [March-May 1970] 8 [ample reproduction, but not good for details]; Burlington 111 [1969] 730 [useless reproduction])

[Claude Pa] ______. Landscape with Dancing Figures (Lib. ver. 213). St. Petersburg Hermitage. Includes a female dancer playing a small tambourine. very unimp. (M. Roethlisberger. Claude Lorrain: the Paintings. New Haven 1961. cat. LV213, fig. 281, as 1669)

[Claude Pa] ______. Landscape with Nymph and Satyr Dancing (Lib. ver. 55). Toledo, Ohio, Museum of Art. A man plays a flute and a woman plays a tambourine. The dancing satyr may have a jingle ring. (M. Roethlisberger. Claude Lorrain: the Paintings. New Haven 1961. cat. LV55, fig. 123 [poor reproduction]; exh Washington NG 1982-83: Claude Lorrain. Ed. H. D. Russell. cat. P28, pp. 142 [useless reproduction], 143 [ok detail]; The Toledo Museum of Art. European Paintings. Toledo 1976. p. 292)

[Claude Pa] ______. Landscape with Dancing Nymphs and Satyrs. Tokyo, National Museum of Western Art. A man plays a flute and a woman plays a tambourine. A satyr may play a woodwind instrument. (Gazette des Beaux-Arts 89 [March 1977] CdA no. 1298, p. 80)

[Claude Pa] ______. Pastoral Landscape. private collection (ex Coll. Earl of Halifax). A man plays an tiny woodwind and a woman holds a tambourine. (M. Roethlisberger. Claude Lorrain: the Paintings. New Haven 1961. cat. LV23, fig. 68, as 1637/38) Lib. ver 23 has no tambourine and is rather different.

[Claude Pa] ______. Landscape with Rural Dance. private collection. A man plays a bagpipe. A female dancer has a tambourine. (Witt) (=? Burlington 121 [1979] 22 [large reproduction but not very clear] [bagpiper is in the left center foreground])

[Claude Pa] ______. Landscape with Rural Dance (Lib. ver. 13). private collection. Men play bagpipe and shawm (generic woodwind with slight flare). A woman plays a tambourine. (M. Roethlisberger. Claude Lorrain: the Paintings. New Haven 1961. cat. LV13, fig. 50, as 1637; Burlington 101 [1959] 330 [poor reproduction]). The Liber veritas drawing (London BM) (Burlington 101 [1959] 330 [poor reproduction])

[Claude Pa] ______. Music by the Running Water (Lib. ver. 25). location unknown (ex. Holford Coll., Dorchester House). A man plays a tiny flute, and women play a little woodwind (generic, no bell flare) and tambourine. (M. Roethlisberger. Claude Lorrain: the Paintings. New Haven 1961. cat. LV25, fig. 71 [poor reproduction], as 1637/38; The Holford Collection, Dorchester House. Oxford 1927. vol. II, pl. CXX [ok illustration]; sale, Christie's, 17-18.V.1928)

[Claude Pa] ______. Landscape with Rural Dance (Lib. ver. 53). private collection (). Men play flute and generic flared woodwind (shawm?), and a woman plays a tambourine. (M. Roethlisberger. Claude Lorrain: the Paintings. New Haven 1961. cat. LV53, fig. 122 [fair reproduction], as 1640/41)

[Claude Pa] ______. Landscape with the Metamorphosis of the Apulean Shepherd (Lib. ver. 142). private collection. Two groups of dancers: at the left women play woodwind (mute cornett shape and tambourine; at the left women play double woodwind, flute and tambourine. (M. Roethlisberger. Claude Lorrain: the Paintings. New Haven 1961. cat. LV142, fig. 237 [fair reproduction]) Related drawing (Royal Coll., Windsor Castle). (M. Roethlisberger. Claude Lorrain: the Drawings. Berkeley 1968. no. 804r, as an elaborate preliminary drawing to Lib. ver. 142 [1657]. The Lib. ver. drawing (London BM) (M. Roethlisberger. Claude Lorrain: the Drawings. Berkeley 1968. no. 805

[Claude Pr] ______. The Country Dance, Small Plate. etching. Includes a man sitting on a log, playing a bagpipe, and a female dancer playing a tambourine. (L. Mannocci. The Etchings of Claude Lorrain. New Haven 1988. cat. no. 19, pp. 149-156 [various states]; Claude Lorrain. Ed. H. D. Russell. cat. E28, pp. 358-361 [various states]; Hirth no. 2435)

[Claude Pr] ______. The Dance on the River-Bank. etching. A couple dances, accompanied by a bagpiper. (L. Mannocci. The Etchings of Claude Lorrain. New Haven 1988. cat. no. 13, pp. 95-102 [various states]; Burlington 144 [2002] March ad p. xxi [ok reproduction, state vi A)

Operas/Ballets/Theatrical Scenes: [Bérain Dr] Bérain, Jean (1639?-1711). Annotated design for Act IV, scene iii of Carnaval et la Folle. Paris, Archives nationales. Includes a little orchestra, including a lute. There is also a statuary figure of a dancing comedian playing a tambourine. (Early Music 15 [1987] 437 [ok reproduction])

XV: Miscellaneous Figures

Costume/Character Series: [New York NYPL Dr] [French, 17th century?] A Costume for a Bacchante. New York Public Library at Lincoln Center, Dance Collection. drawing. A court dancer (a man dressed as a woman?) plays a tambourine. (Early Music 14 [1986] 57)

Garden Figures: See also Scenes of Everyday Life --Outdoor, Operas.

Putti: [Massé-Le Brun Pr] Massé [Jean-Baptiste, 1687-1767?] after Charles Le Brun (1619-1690). "Le Roi gouverne par lui-même," (detail of the ceiling of La Galerie des Glaces, Versailles) (1661). engraving. Putti play lute, small 1-1/2 circle coiled horn and tambourine. (P. Pradel. L'art au siècle de Louis XIV. Lausanne 1949. pl. 65)

[Mignard Pa] Mignard, Pierre (1612-1695). Nymph and Satyr [Faun]. Arras, Musée. They dance, accompanied by a bacchant with a double woodwind and a putto with a tambourine. (Revue du Louvre 15 [1965] 196)

[Sève Pa] Sève, Pierre de (1623-1695). Putti. Paris Louvre. Putti play tenor viol (? -- four? pegs, frets, plucked) and tambourine. There is another tambourine on the ground. (Musique-Images-Instruments 3 [1997] 207 [small reproduction])

Village/Rustic Musicians: [Claude Dr] Claude Lorrain (Gelée) (1600-1682). Two Peasants. London art market (1982). drawing. He plays bagpipe. She dances to her tambourine. unimp. (M. Roethlisberger. Claude Lorrain: the Drawings. Berkeley 1968. no. 651, as 1645-50; M. Roethlisberger. The Claude Lorrain Album ... Los Angeles 1971. no. 29, pl. 29 [fine color reproduction; Die Weltkunst 52 [1982] 3044)

Dancers: [Claude Dr] Lorrain (Gellée), Claude (1600-1682). Dance (academic study from the Wildenstein album). private collection. Peasants dance accompanied by a bagpiper. A dancing woman plays a tambourine. (M. Roethlisberger. Claude Lorrain: the Drawings. Berkeley 1968. no. 651, as 1645-50; M. Roethlisberger. The Claude Lorraine Album ... 1971. no. 29, pl. 29 [fine color reproduction]))

Other: [Larmessin Pr] Larmessin, Nicolas de (1645-1725). Musician, from a series of Grotesque Costumes. engraving. The musician is completely covered with musical instruments, including a tambourine (JJ/BB). (Pincherle p. 94 [ok reproduction])

[DACH] GERMAN ARTISTS -- 17th CENTURY

I: Old Testament

David Dancing Before the Ark/The Transporting of the Ark of the Covenant: [BI Strasbourg 1630] Merian, Matthaeus I (1593-1650). The transporting of the Ark of the Covenant, from the "Merian Bible." Strasbourg, Lazarus Zetzner, 1630. etching. Included in the retinue of David are players of an undulating horn with an animal head bell, an undulating, looped horn with a rusticated bell, and other partly visible horns and/or trumpets. There are also musicians playing lute, lyre, kettledrums and tambourine. David plays a harp. (Meinhold p. 113)

Triumph of David: [BI Strasbourg 1630] Merian, Matthaeus I (1593-1650). The Entry of David with the Head of Goliath, from the "Merian Bible." Strasbourg, Lazarus Zetzner, 1630. etching. Two military figures blow cornui with rusticated bells. There is also visible a portion of a sharply curved horn. (The Daughters of Jerusalem play pipe and tabor, tambourine and triangle.) (Meinhold p. 107)

[Schonfeld Pa] Schonfeld, Johann Heinrich (1609-1683). The Triumph of David. Karlsruhe, Staatliche Kunsthalle. One of the Welcoming Women plays a tambourine. Two other figures play straight trumpets. (J. Lauts. Die Staatliche Kunsthalle Karlsruhe. Hanau 1968. p. 17 [color detail], pl. 39; exh Berlin, Schloss Charlottenburg, Orangerie, 1966: Deutsche Maler und Zeichner des 17. Jahrhunderts. cat. no. 86, fig. 87)

V: Mythology

Muses: See also Scenes of Everyday Life -- Outdoor, Processions.

[BI Dresden 1657] Peter Paul Troschel (ca.1620-p.1667). Title page illustration of Constantin Christian Dedekind, Albianischer Musenlust. Dresden, W. Seyfert, 1657. engraving. Apollo and the Muses face a group of writers on cliffs opposite the Elbe. Calliope plays a tambourine. (R. M. Haas. Die Musik des Barocks. Potsdam 1928, R/1949, p. 167 [poor reproduction])

[BI Dresden 1676] Conrad, David (1604-p.1681). The Organ of the Schlosskirche, Dresden, title-page illustration of Christoph Bernhard, Geistreiches Gesang-Buch. Dresden 1676. engraving. A female figure (Muse?) in the choir loft, right, seems to play a tambourine or jingle ring. unimp. (Lesure [German] pl. 71, [English] pl. 63 [ok reproduction]; Beschreibende Darstellung der älteren Bau- und Kunstdenkmäler des Königreichs Sachsen, 21: Dresden I. Dresden 1900. p. 146 [ok reproduction]; MGG VII, Taf. 28; The New Grove VII, p. 291)

VI: Literary and Historical Subjects/Figures

[Knüpfer Pa] Knüpfer, Nicolaus (ca.1603-1660?). Amarillis Crowning Mirtillo. Augsburg, Städtische Kunstsammlungen. A rustic youth plays a recorder, and a bare- bosomed woman plays a tambourine (JJJ). (Kettering Dutch Arcadia. fig. 173)

VII: Allegory

Months/Zodiac: [Umbach Dr] Umbach, Jonas (1624-1700). June. New York, Metropolitan Museum of Art. drawing. A man (?) plays a lute and a woman plays a tambourine. (Vis. Coll. 373d.Um 13.4M2)

XIII: Scenes of Everyday Life -- Outdoor

Pastorales: See also Literary and Historical Subjects/Figures.

Processions/Cavalcades/Entrees/Parades: [CI Munich 1658] Johann Schinagl after Kaspar Amort, the Elder (1612-1675). Pageant wagon of the Sun, with Apollo and the Muses, during a tournament celebrating the visit to Munich of Emperor Leopold I, 28 August 1658, from Giovanni Battista Maccioni, Applausi festivi ... Munich 1658. engraving. One of the "Muses" plays a tambourine (B). (Bowles Musical Ensembles, fig. 132, and drawing for this [no location] fig. 133)

Village/Rustic Scenes: [Skellinks Pr] Skellinks, Willem (op. mid-17th century). Pizzica tarantata. print. Italian locale. Men play violin and guitar. Women play a tambourine and two dance a tarantella, one with a sword between her teeth. (Imago Musicae 7 [1990] 101, as Apulia, 1664-65)

XV: Miscellaneous Figures

Angels: [Elbing 1642] Anon. Title-page of Johann Eccard and Johann Stobaeus, Erster Theil Der Preussischen Fest-Lieder ... Elbing 1642. engraving. Angels play numerous musical instruments, including two luter. very unimp. (Kinsky, p. 168; MGG III, cols. 1073-74 [poor reproduction])

[BI Guben 1674] Conrad, David (1604-p.1681) Geistliches Sion und Irdischer Helicon, title picture from Johann Franck, Geistliches Sion ... Guben, Gruber, 1674. engraving. The musicians in Geistliches Sion are angels (plus David), one of whom plays a tambourine. The musicians in Irdischer Helicon are Muses. unimp. (MGG IV, col. 655 [poor reproduction])

[BI Mainz 1671] Anon. Title-page of Johann Kilian Heller, Graduale. Mainz 1671. engraving. Angels play lute and tambourine (left) and violin (right). very unimp. (MGG VI, Taf. 7)

[BI Nuremberg 1670] Anon. Title-page illustration of Johann Löhner, Geistliche Sing- Stunde. Nuremberg, Wolf Eberhard Felsseckern, 1670. engraving. Numerous musicians, including an angel, above, playing a tambourine (B/B). (MGG VIII, col. 1098 [poor reproduction])

[EP] IBERIAN ARTISTS -- 17th CENTURY

IV: Saints

St. Jerome: [Valdes Leal Pa] Valdes Leal, Juan de (1622-1690/91). The Temptation of St. Jerome (1657). Seville, Museo Provincial de Bellas Artes. Women play harp, lute and tambourine. (R. Cogniat. Seventeenth-Century Painting. New York 1964. pl. 46 [fair color reproduction]; F. Jiménez. Historia del arte español, II. Barcelona 1955. p. 761; E. du G. Trapier. Valdes Leal. Spanish Baroque Painter. New York 1960. fig. 20; 1967 catalog. cat. no. 58, unnumbered pl. [poor reproduction])

[I] ITALIAN ARTISTS -- 17th CENTURY I: Old Testament

David and Musicians: [Celesti Pa] Celesti, Andrea (1637-1712). David and Musicians. private collection. One of the musicians plays a tambourine (with pellet bells). (A. M. Mucchi and C. della Croce. Il pittore Andrea Celesti. Milan 1954. pl. 19 [poor reproduction])

Triumph of David: [Beltrano Pa] Beltrano, Agostino (1605-1656). Triumph of David. Vienna KH. Welcoming Women play aulos, pipe and string drum, castanets, tambourine and jingle ring. (exh Vienna, Palais Harrach, 2001: Dipingere la musica ... no. III.4, p. 219 [ok color reproduction], as ca.1650)

[Giordano Pa] Giordano, Luca (1632-1705). Triumph of David. Dresden, Gemäldegalerie. Only three figures (plus the head of Goliath): David, a child, and a woman with a tambourine. (O. Ferrari and G. Scavizzi. Luca Giordano. Naples 1966. vol. III. fig. 493, 494 [detail])

[Giordano Pa] ______. Triumph of David. Leeds, Temple Newsam House. Includes women playing a tambourine and a tambourine with two rows of pellet bells strung across the head. (O. Ferrari and G. Scavizzi. Luca Giordano. Naples 1966. vol. III, fig. 295) The bozzetto in the Wellesley College Art Gallery is reproduced in Ferrari and Scavizzi, vol. III, fig. 633)

[L Lippi Pa] Lippi, Lorenzo (1606-1664). Triumph of David. Florence, Galleria Antica e Moderna. One or two of the Welcoming Women plays a tambourine (BJB). (F. Bonsignori. La pittura nel '600. Milan 1974. tav. 23 [awful reproduction], with location as Galleria Palatina; Vis. Coll. 372.L666.12D} There is another version in a private collection (Connoisseur 147 [1969] 31 [miserable reproduction])

[San Martino Pr] San Martino, Marco (op. second half, 17th century). Triumph of David. etching. The Welcoming Women sing and play a tambourine (B). (IB vol. 47, no. 7)

[G B Spinelli Pa] Spinelli, Giovanni Battista (m. ca. 1647). Triumph of David. Florence, Gallerie degli Uffizi. The Welcoming Women play woodwind, jingle ring and tambourine (played by a single player), jingle ring, and shallow, tambourine-like frame drum. The percussionists are very prominent. (exh Florence, Palazzo Pitti, 1970: Caravaggio e Caravaggeschi nelle Gallerie di Firenze. Ed. E. Borea. no. not recorded, pl. 74; Gazette des Beaux-Arts 77 [February 1971] La chronique des arts no. 1225, p. 139 [small reproduction])

Jephthah: [Romanelli Pa] Romanelli, Giovanni Francesco (1610-1662). Jephthah Recognizes his Daughter. Vienna KH. The daughter plays a tambourine. (Die Sekundärgalerien des Kunsthistorischen Museums, II. Vienna 1971. no. 14 [ok reproduction]) Miriam/Crossing the Red Sea: [Giordano Pa] Giordano, Luca (1632-1705). The Story of Moses. El Escorial, Monastery, Church of San Lorenzo. Includes a dancing woman (Miriam?) playing a tambourine. (O. Ferrari and G. Scavizzi. Luca Giordano. Naples 1966. vol. III, fig. 358)

[Giordano Pa] ______. The Israelites Rejoicing after the Crossing of the Red Sea. Greenville, S. C., Bob Jones University. oil sketch/bozzetto. Among the several musicians, there is a female figure playing a tambourine. Others play a woodwind instrument, pipe and string drum, looped horn and triangle. Miriam sings and beats on a single small kettledrum. (O. Ferrari and G. Scavizzi. Luca Giordiano. Naples 1966. vol. III, fig. 308. suggests is bozzetto for a canvas of 1687 for the Chiesa dell'Annunziata in Naples; exh Memphis, TN, Brooks Memorial Art Gallery, 1964: Luca Giordano in America. pl. 22, with dates between 1692-1702, perhaps preparatory study for the large fresco in the Church of San Lorenzo, Escorial; exh. Detroit, Institute of Arts, 1965: Art in Italy, 1600-1700. no. 164, p. 147; Burlington 107 [1965] 373)

[Giordano Pa] ______. Miriam's Song. Madrid Prado. Miriam plays a single small kettledrum, and there are several other female musicians, including one playing a tambourine. (O. Ferrari and G. Scavizzi. Luca Giordano. Naples 1966. vol. III, fig. 369, as ca. 1694)

[Maratti-Ferroni Pr] Girolamo Ferroni (1687-1730) after Carlo Maratti (1625-1713). Cantemus Domino/Miriam Dancing after the Crossing of the Red Sea. engraving. She dances and plays a tambourine. (IB vol. 21, no. 1, p. 480)

Other: [Ruschi Pa] Ruschi, Francesco (fl. 1634-56). The Expulsion of Hagar. Greenville SC, Bob Jones University. Includes a child making a banishing gesture (?) with a tambourine (JJJ). (A. Moir. The Italian Followers of Caravaggio. Cambridge MA 1967. fig. 399; Catalog supplement no. 260; Burlington 103 [1961] adv. p. l [fine reproduction]) Replica of the painting listed below.

[Ruschi Pa] ______. The Expulsion of Hagar. Treviso MC. As above. (L. Memegazzi. Il Museo Civico di Torino. Turin 1964. p. 221, as ca. 1630; 1959 Guida, pl. 32)

V: Mythology

Apollo and Pan/Marsyas: [Castiglione Pa] Castiglione, Giovanni Benedetto (1616- 1670). Apollo and Marsyas. private collection. oil sketch. Each plays a little treble shawm. There are also unplayed musical instruments, including a tambourine. unimp. (Vis. Coll. 372d.C278.4Ap.5)

Bacchanals: See also Scenes of Everyday Life -- Outdoor, Other.

[Pa Dublin NGI] Neapolitan, 17th century. Bacchanalian Boys. Dublin NGI. Includes an unplayed tiny woodwind (shawm) and an unplayed tambourine (JJ/off-center clusters of four tiny pellet bells). (B. Boydell. Music and Paintings in the National Gallery of Ireland. Dublin 1985. p. 59)

[Brandi Pa] Brandi, Giacinto (1623-1691). Bacchus and Ariadne. Rome, Palazzo Doria Pamphilij. Several musical figures, including a bacchante playing a tambourine. (V. Golzio. Palazzi Romani ... Bologna 1971. fig. 142 [small reproduction])

[Carpioni Pa] Carpioni, Giulio (1611-1674). Bacchanal. Fredriksborg, Slot. A faun plays cymbals, a bacchante plays tambourine, and there is an unplayed tambourine. unimp. (H. Olsen. Italian Paintings and Sculpture in Denmark. Copenhagen 1961. pl.CXVa)

[Carpioni Pa] ______. Bacchanal. Odessa, Museum of Western Art. A satyr (?) child plays double woodwind. A satyr plays a tambourine (held with a handle?) (B/B/J/J?). (Arte Veneta 15 [1961] 138)

[Carpioni Pa] ______. Bacchanal. private collection. Includes a satyr with a tambourine (large, bells around the edge) and bacchantes playing cymbals and tambourine (even larger, with bells around the edge). There is also an unplayed tambourine. (Apollo 110 [1979] 409 [fair reproduction], as ca. 1665)

[Carpioni Pa] ______. Bacchus and Ariadne on Naxos. private collection. A faun child plays cymbals, and a bacchante has a large tambourine. unimp. (Arte veneta 32 [1978] 323)

[Castiglione Pa] Castiglione, Giovanni Benedetto (1616-1670). Bacchanal. Turin, Galleria Sabauda. Includes a female figure playing a tambourine. (A. Bovero. Immagini dell'arte italiana attraverso i secoli, V. Turin 1966. p. 274 [color reproduction]; Vis. Coll. 372.C278.4B)

[Castiglione Pa] ______. The Dance. private collection. There is a faun with a tambourine. (There is also an enormous looped horn or trumpet [not played].) unimp. (J. Magnin. Un cabinet d'amateur parisien en 1922. Collection Maurice Magnin. n.p., n.d. vol. I, no. 65, opp. p. 110)

[Galestruzzi Pr] Galestruzzi, Giovanni Battista (1618-p.1661). Two Satyrs and Two Women Playing Cymbals. etching. One of the satyrs plays a shallow frame drum (?). (IB vol. 46, no. 13, p. 84)

[Giordano Dr] Giordano, Luca (1632-1705). Bacchanalian Scene. location not recorded. drawing. Includes a female figure playing a tambourine. (Vis. Coll. 372d.G434.4B[b])

[Giordano Pa] Giordano, Luca (1632-1705). The Trumph of Bacchus and the Triumph of Neptune and Amphitrite. New York art market (1998). Modello for the ceiling fresco of the Palazzo Medici-Riccardi. Includes a woman playing a jingle ring (? -- no visible jingles). (Burlington 140 [1998] January ad p. iii [color reproduction])

[Lione Pa] Lione, Andrea de (1610-ca.1675), attr. Bacchanal. private collection (ex London Museum). Includes an unplayed jingle ring. (exh Rome 2000-01: Colori della musica ... no. II.32, p. 212 [fine color reproduction]; Master Drawings 16 [1978] 167 [fair reproduction])

Muses: [Brandi Pa] Brandi, Giacinto (1623-1691). Minerva and the Muses. Rome, Palazzo Taverna. One of the Muses has a tambourine. (R. Enggass and M. Stohstad. Hortus imaginum. Essays in Western Art. Lawrence KA 1974. pl. 110 [poor reproduction])

Nymphs: [Castiglione Pa] Castiglione, Giovanni Benedetto (1616-1670). Nymph and a Satyr. Ponce AM. The nymph plays a tambourine. (Gazette des Beaux-Arts 123 [1994] 259 [small reproduction])

[Castiglione Pr] ______. The Feast of Pan (1642). etching. Pan holds a tiny shawm and a nymph plays a small tambourine. Another tiny shwam and a jingle ring are on the ground in the foreground. (IB vol. 46, no. 16, p. 30)

Satyrs: [Galestruzzi Pr] Galestruzzi, Giovanni Battista (1618-p.1661). Two Satyrs and Two Draped Women. etching. One of the satyrs plays a tambourine. (IB vol. 46, no. 13, p. 84)

[Carpioni Pr] Carpioni, Giulio (1611-1674). Dancing Putto, Infant Satyrs and Other Figures. etching. One of the satyr children blows a reverse-curve horn. Another has a jingle ring, played with a beater. (IB vol. 45, no. 20, p. 87)

Other: [Carpioni Pa] Carpioni, Giulio (1613-1679). Pan Giving a Music Lesson. Paris Louvre. Pan plays a shawm. Men hold a little woodwind and a tambourine. Two nymphs have tambourines. Putti have a little woodwind and cymbals. (Musique- Images-Instruments 2 [1996] 238)

[Castiglione Pa] Castiglione, Giovanni Benedetto (1616-1670). Circe. private collection. Includes a girl playing a tambourine. unimp. (Arte illlustrata 17-19 [July- Sept. 1969] [vol. II] 29)

[Cavallino Pa] Cavallino, Bernardo (1616-1656). Hercules and Omphale. London art market (1986). It may include a figure with a tambourine. (Burlington 128 [1986] 617)

[Mitelli Pr] Mitelli, Giuseppe Maria (1634-1718). The Wooden Horse Entering Troy, from L'Enea vagante. engraving. Includes several women playing tambourines. (IB vol. 42, no. 48, p. 323) VI: Literary and Historical Subjects/Figures

[Gimignani Pa] Gimignani, Giacinto (1611-1681). The Meeting of Rinaldo and Armida. Musée de Bouxwiller et du Pays de Hanau. A bare-bosomed woman plays a tambourine and a dancing woman plays a jingle ring. Other figures play violin and lute. (Burlington 130 [1988] 954)

VII: Allegory

Ages of Man: [Mitelli Pr] Mitelli, Giuseppe Maria (1634-1718). Puerizia -- scherzi, e trastelli, from La vita humana. engraving. Includes a tambourine. (D. Briesemeister. Bilder des Todes. Unterscheidheim 1970. Abb. Et 82)

Playing Cards: See also Miscellaneous Figures, Musicians.

Vanitas: [Castiglione Pa] Castiglione, Giovanni Benedetto (1616-1670). Omnia vanitas. Kansas City, Nelson-Adkins Museum of Art. Includes a dancing figure with a jingle ring. (Vis. Coll. 372.C278.40[a])

Vice/Virtue: [Cerquozzi Pa] Cerquozzi, Michelangelo (1602-1660). The Choice of Hercules. Rome, Galleria Pallavicini. Includes an unplayed tambourine. (G. Briganti. The Bamboccianti ... Rome 1983. pl. 189 [fair reproduction])

[Roullet-Gimignani Pr] Jean Louis Roullet (1645-1699) after Lodovico Gimignani (1643- 1697). The Choice of Hercules. engraving. Includes an unplayed violin/viola and a tambourine. Derived from Annibale Carracci (Naples). (E. Panofsky. Hercules am Scheidewege ... Berlin 1930. pl. LVII)

War and Peace: [Giordano Pa] Giordano, Luca (1632-1705). Rubens Painting an Allegory of Peace. Madrid Prado. Includes a female figure with a tambourine. (O. Ferrari and G. Scavizzi. Luca Giordano. Naples 1966. vol. III, fig. 62, as from the 1660's?)

Other: [Giordano Pa] Giordano, Luca (1632-1705). The Triumph of Virginal Purity (1692). El Escorial, Monastery, Chiesa di S. Lorenzo. Draped women sing and play lute and two or three tambourines. The Triumph of Virginal Purity with tambourines? Hmmm. (O. Ferrari and G. Scavizzi. Luca Giordano. Naples 1966. vol. III, fig. 355 [detail])

[Giordano Pa] ______. Allegory of Syphillis (1664). Frankfurt am Main SKI. Includes a satyr (?) playing a jingle ring. (Nederlands Kunsthistorisch Jaarboek 12 [1961] 18)

XI: Still Life

[Recco Pa] Recco, Giuseppe (1634-1695). Still Life with Masks. Rotterdam BvB. Includes a trumpet and a tambourine. (M. Rosci. Baschenis, Bettera & Co. Milan 1971. p. 23; exh Münster, Baden Baden, 1979/80: Stilleben in Europa. no. 237, p. 460; Gazette des Beaux-Arts 63 [Jan. 1964] La chronique des arts no. 1140, p. 95 [fair reproduction])

XIII: Scenes of Everyday Life -- Outdoor

Carnival: [CI Rome] Falda, Giovanni Battista (1648-1678). "Prospetto et apparato del'palco dove la maesta della regina di Svetia ne giorni del carnevale/si trattiene a vedere il corso ... su la piazza di San Marco in Roma." etching. Includes a reveller with a tambourine. (P. Bjurström. Feast and Theatre in Queen Christina's Rome. Stockholm 1966. [Analecta reginensia, 3] p. 75)

[Cerquozzi Pa] Cerquozzi, Michelangelo (1601-1660). Carnival. Schleissheim, Neues Schloss. Figures play colascione and tambourine. (Vis. Coll. 372.C337.90[g])

Garden Parties: [Passeri Pa] Passeri, Giovanni Battista (1610/16-1679). Musical Party in a Garden. Austin, Univ. of Texas, Jack S. Blanton Museum of Art. Includes a dark-skinned youth playing a jingle ring. (Burlington 141 [1999] 451 [color reproduction], as 1640's. Notes "it's exact significance remains elusive.")

[Passeri Pa] ______. Party Dining in a Garden ("They fall and they remain"). Dublin NGI. Includes a youth playing a guitar and a girl palying a tambourine. (B. Boydell. Music and Paintings in the National Gallery of Ireland. Dublin 1985. p. 19; R. Levi Pisetzky. Storia del costume in Italia, III. Milan 1966. p. 448, as 1620-30; Burlington 106 [1964] 181)

Landscapes: [Ghisolfi Pa] Ghisolfi, Giovanni (ca.1623-1683). Ruins of an Imaginary Ionic Temple. location unknown. Includes a woman playing a tambourine. (Burlington 138 [1996] 686)

Pastorales: [Franceschini Pa] Franceschini, Marcantonio (1648-1729). Pastoral Scene. private collection. A pastoral youth plays a tambourine (JJ/B) as two nude children (boy and girl) dance. (Musica calendar 1964: 9-22 Aug [ok reproduction]; Vis. Coll. 372.F8453.40[a])

Views: [Ossenbeeck Pr] Ossenbeeck, Jan van (1627?-1678). "Prospetto e veduto a Cafarelle fuoro di porte S. Sebastiano, a Roma." etching. Includes a woman playing a tambourine. (IB vol. 7, no. 25, p. 96; Hirth no. 2398)

Village/Rustic Scenes: See also German, Austrian and Swiss.

[Pa Munich Deutches Museum] Italian, 17th century. Rustic Scene. Munich, Deutsches Museum. painting on the lid of a spinet. Rustic figures play colascione, shawm, tambourine and tricca-ballacca. (Harrison and Rimmer no. 126 [fair reproduction])

[Cerquozzi Pa] Cerquozzi, Michelangelo (1601-1660). Dance in an Inn. Vienna, Akademie der bildenden Künste, Gemäldegalerie. Comedians play guitar (male) and tambourine (female). (M. Poch-Kalous. Die Gemäldegalerie der Akademie der bildenden Künste. Vienna 1968. p. 103 [ok reproduction]; L. Münz. ed. Katalog und Führer der Gemäldegalerie. Vienna 1954. vol. 2, cat. no. 40; exh 1953: Kunstwerke des XV. bis XVIII. Jahrhunderts. no. not recorded, fig. 3

XV: Miscellaneous Figures

Angels: [CI Rome 1634] Jean-Baptiste (dit François) Collignon (1610-1657) after Gian Lorenzo Bernini (1598-1680). Scene from Stefano Landi's San Alessio, Rome, 1634. engraving. Many musical angels on clouds, including one playing a tambourine. (K. Meyer Baer. Music of the Spheres ... Princeton 1970. p. 208 [cropped]; Mirimonde Iconographie musicale. vol. I, fig. 87; MGG VII, Taf. 1/2, as Rome, 1663)

[Baciccia Pa] Baciccia (G. B. Gaulli) (1639-1709). Bozzetto for the cupola fresco, Rome, S. Agnese. Düsseldorf, Kunstmuseum. Numerous musical angels, including one playing a tambourine (J/J?). unimp. (Pantheon 31 [1973] 173 [color, unhelpful for details], 178 [black and white detail, no better]) Study for the group with the tambourine: New York, Metropolitan Museum of Art. (Pantheon 31 [1973] 177) Two studies (including the tambourine): Düsseldort, Kunstmuseum. (Pantheon 31 [1973] 179)

[Baciccia Pa] ______. St. Ignatius in Glory. Rome, Il Gesù. fresco. An angel holds a short straight trumpet, others play viola da braccio/violin and tambourine. unimp. (M. Monteverdi, ed. Italian Art to 1850. New York 1965. p. 24, as after 1679; Vis. Coll. 372.G235.38 Ig[a])

[Baciccia Pa] ______. Angel Concert. Rome, Pinacoteca Vaticana. oil sketch. Angels sing and play harp, lute/colascione?, panpipes (held) and tambourine. (exh Vienna, Palais Harrach, 2001: Dipingere la musica ... no. III.10, p. 224 [ok color reproduction]. The fresco as 1672-74; Burlington 99 [1957] 49 [fair reproduction]. Suggests as study for the dome fresco of Il Gesù, Rome.)

[Courtois Fr] Courtois, Guillaume (Guglielmo Cortese) (1628-1679). Assumption of the Virgin. Arccia, Santa Maria dell'Assunzione. fresco. Several musical angels, including one with a tambourine. (Burlington 115 [1973] 26 [useless reproduction], 33 [detail]) Modello drawing for this in Vienna, Albertina (no. 14229). (Burlington 115 [1973] 30 [poor reproduction])

[Cozza Fr] Cozza, Francesco (1605-1682). Glory of S. Francesca Romana. Rome, S. Agnese in Agone, Capella di S. Francesca Romana. fresco. Several musical angels, including one with a tambourine. They all look either like poor copies or badly restored. very unimp. (Arte illustrata IV, 43/44 [Sept. Oct. 1971] 13)

[Preti Fr] Preti, Mattia (1613-1699). Angels. Modena, S. Biagio, Apse. fresco. Many musical angels, including one with a tambourine. unimp. (A. Ghidiglia Quintavalle. Arte in Emilia terza: Gli affreschi del Duomo di Modena ... Modena 1967. fig. 95; C. Refice Taschetta. Mattia Preti. Brindisi [195-?] pl. 4)

[Sirani Dr] Sirani, Giovanni Andrea (1610-1670), attr. St. Francis in Glory. private collection. drawing. Many musical angels, including one playing a tambourine. (Vis. Coll. 372d.Si793.38Fr)

[Torri Dr] Torri, Flaminio (1621-1661), attr. The Virgin and Child Appearing to St. Francis. Venice, Gabinetto Disegni e Stampe della Fondazione G. Cini. drawing. One of the angels plays a tambourine. (R. Roli. I disegni italiani del seicento ... Treviso 1969. no. 50 [ok reproduction])

Children: [Gimignani Pr] Gimignani, Giacinto (1611-1681). Dancing Children, from Children's Games. etching. Two of them play woodwind (recorder) and tambourine. (IB vol. 45, no. 12, p. 105; Gazette des Beaux-Arts 125 [1995] 307)

[Gimignani Pr] ______. Children's Bacchanal, from Children's Games. etching. One plays a tambourine. (IB vol. 45, no. 16, p. 109)

Musicians (amateur and professional): [BI Venice 1672] Piccini, Isabella (1644- 1734). Delli Dervis, from Paul Rycaut. Istoria delle Stato presente dell'Imperio Ottomano ... Venice, Combi e La Noù, 1672. vol. II, Ch.XIII, p. 188. engraving. Two figures play a long, end-blown woodwind and a tambourine. (Hamburg Jahrbuch für Musikwissenschaft 12 [1994] 182 [small reproduction]. Considers the illustration unrealistic.)

[Bracelli Pr] Bracelli, Giovanni Battista (doc. 1624-1649). Two figures from Figure con instrumenti musicali e boscarecci. Rome ca. 1630. etching. Musicians in rather cavalier-like costume play bagpipe and tambourine. (M. Preaud. Bracelli, gravures. Paris 1975. p. 78)

[Mitelli Pr] Mitelli, Giuseppe Maria (1634-1718). One of ten tarot cards from Giuoca di Carte con nuova forma di Tarocchini. engraving. Includes a tambourine played by a man with a dancing dog. (IB vol. 42, no. 160, p. 435)