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Camalandaan Agroforestry Farmers' Association

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Camalandaan Agroforestry Farmers' Association Empowered lives. Resilient nations. CAMALANDAAN AGROFORESTRY FARMERS’ ASSOCIATION Philippines Equator Initiative Case Studies Local sustainable development solutions for people, nature, and resilient communities UNDP EQUATOR INITIATIVE CASE STUDY SERIES Local and indigenous communities across the world are advancing innovative sustainable development solutions that work for people and for nature. Few publications or case studies tell the full story of how such initiatives evolve, the breadth of their impacts, or how they change over time. Fewer still have undertaken to tell these stories with community practitioners themselves guiding the narrative. To mark its 10-year anniversary, the Equator Initiative aims to fill this gap. The following case study is one in a growing series that details the work of Equator Prize winners – vetted and peer-reviewed best practices in community-based environmental conservation and sustainable livelihoods. These cases are intended to inspire the policy dialogue needed to take local success to scale, to improve the global knowledge base on local environment and development solutions, and to serve as models for replication. Case studies are best viewed and understood with reference to ‘The Power of Local Action: Lessons from 10 Years of the Equator Prize’, a compendium of lessons learned and policy guidance that draws from the case material. Click on the map to visit the Equator Initiative’s searchable case study database. Editors Editor-in-Chief: Joseph Corcoran Managing Editor: Oliver Hughes Contributing Editors: Dearbhla Keegan, Matthew Konsa, Erin Lewis, Whitney Wilding Contributing Writers Edayatu Abieodun Lamptey, Erin Atwell, Toni Blackman, Jonathan Clay, Joseph Corcoran, Larissa Currado, Sarah Gordon, Oliver Hughes, Wen-Juan Jiang, Sonal Kanabar, Dearbhla Keegan, Matthew Konsa, Rachael Lader, Patrick Lee, Erin Lewis, Jona Liebl, Mengning Ma, Mary McGraw, Gabriele Orlandi, Brandon Payne, Juliana Quaresma, Peter Schecter, Martin Sommerschuh, Whitney Wilding, Luna Wu Design Oliver Hughes, Dearbhla Keegan, Matthew Konsa, Amy Korngiebel, Kimberly Koserowski, Erin Lewis, John Mulqueen, Lorena de la Parra, Brandon Payne, Mariajosé Satizábal G. Acknowledgements The Equator Initiative acknowledges with gratitude the Camalandaan Agroforest Farmers Association, and in particular the guidance and inputs of Dr. Ely Alcala. All photo credits courtesy of Dr. Ely Alcala. Maps courtesy of CIA World Factbook and Wikipedia. Suggested Citation United Nations Development Programme. 2012. Camalandaan Agroforestry Farmers’ Association, Philippines. Equator Initiative Case Study Series. New York, NY. CAMALANDAAN AGROFORESTRY FARMERS’ ASSOCIATION Philippines PROJECT SUMMARY KEY FACTS The Camalandaan Agroforestry Farmers’ Association works to conserve fragments of lowland limestone forest EQUATOR PRIZE WINNER: 2008 on the Philippines island of Negros through on-farm tree conservation in the Southern Cauayan Municipal Forest FOUNDED: 1983 and Watershed Reserve. The association is made up of local farmers who have been allocated rights to plots of land LOCATION: Cauayan, southwest Negros Occidental by the government as part of a community-based forest management agreement. BENEFICIARIES: Farming households of Camalandaan Through a participatory land management plan, the group BIODIVERSITY: Southern Cauayan Municipal Reserve has divided community land into strict protection zones, publicly-owned multiple-use zones, special management zones, agricultural zones, and built-up areas. In addition to adopting agroforestry practices that improve agricultural productivity and help to actively regenerate the landscape, some members have been deputized as forest wardens – known as the “Bantay Lasang” – to regulate access to forest areas, as well as assisting researchers from Silliman University in biological monitoring. TABLE OF CONTENTS Background and Context 4 Key Activities and Innovations 5 Biodiversity Impacts 6 Socioeconomic Impacts 8 Policy Impacts 8 Sustainability 9 Partners 9 3 Background and Context Founded in 1983, Camalandaan Agroforestry Farmers’ Association farms. The second was that local farmers were ill-equipped to (CAFA) is made up of second- and third-generation farmers growing confront armed poachers and understandably unwilling to assume rice and corn on small farm lots allocated by the government as part the risk of doing so. And lastly, there was a strong temptation for of a recent community-based forest management agreement. farmers with few other income-generation options to cut down trees for commercial sale. CAFA members persevered, however, and Ecological context earned the community of Camalandaan a reputation as responsible stewards of local biodiversity and forests. Pinamayan and Inayawan are forest villages situated in the local government unit, or barangay, of Camalandaan, in Cauayan In 2001, biologists from Silliman University’s Angelo King Center municipality, located in the south-western tip of the province of for Research and Environmental Management (SUAKCREM) began Negros Occidental, Philippines. The province’s landscape is generally working in the area. In collaboration with local farmers and CAFA hilly, dominated by karst and coralline topography, contrasting with members, biological monitoring was undertaken. As a direct result the largely flat and volcanic landscapes of eastern Negros Island. of this participatory monitoring, and the resulting documentation of The area contains some of the last remaining lowland limestone the rich biological diversity in the forests of Cauayan, the Southern forest on the island of Negros. The forest is composed of several Cauayan Municipal Forest and Watershed Reserve was established fragments that have survived large-scale logging operations, but are in 2003. This sparked a second phase of research and conservation still threatened by occasional illegal logging. The forest fragments which would be carried out from 2004 to 2007 and which actively are dominated by “molave” (Vitex parviflora) trees interspersed with engaged community members in forest protection. Members of species in the Dipterocarpaceae family. These forest patches form CAFA were selectively deputized as forest wardens and given the task part of the Greater Calatong Watershed, which supplies water to of protecting the forest. As forest wardens – known as the “Bantay some 4,000 farmers in the areas of Cauayan municipality and Sipalay Lasang” – members of CAFA now conduct biological monitoring, City. forest protection, and environmental education campaigns, as well as assisting academic partners in field research and resource Evolution of a community-based agroforestry initiative assessment. These activities are undertaken voluntarily, with some assistance from the local government and NGO partners. Even before CAFA was established, there was a long history of rural worker organization and forest protection in the region. The farmers The main objective of CAFA is to improve the socio-political and that would become the core members of CAFA held responsibilities economic conditions of member farmers through the protection conferred through ‘contract stewardship certificates’ which granted and conservation of natural resources using agroforestry techniques. access and use of forested areas. As part of this locally-developed Alongside agroforestry, the initiative and its partners are engaged scheme, farmers were responsible for maintaining forest cover in women’s empowerment, political advocacy, reproductive health on their farmland. This combined the twin tasks of farming under programmes, developing sustainable alternative livelihood options difficult karst limestone conditions and monitoring their forest plots for local farmers, and a fledgling ecotourism enterprise. CAFA has to protect the forest ecosystem from decline and degradation and twice been named the Most Outstanding People’s Organization in to protect endemic wildlife against hunters and poachers. This was the Environment Programmes Category of the Negros Occidental a challenging situation for local farmers for a number of reasons. Province. The first were the constraints of working unproductive, small-hold 4 Key Activities and Innovations Camalandaan Agroforest Farmers Association has divided is a natural watershed; it is a headwater of 48 creeks which form four community land into various zones according to a participatory land major river systems. The watershed and its tributaries support the management plan. Strict protection zones include forested areas, agricultural communities downstream. The area also hosts nine buffer zones, and riparian reserves. Publicly-owned multiple-use forest patches – including karst, dipterocarp hardwood, and molave zones include parks and other tourism areas. Special management forest types – that are home to endemic flora and fauna, many of zones have been delineated for agricultural lands with unique which are threatened or endangered. ecological values. General agricultural zones are awarded under stewardship to individual farmers. Lastly, built-up areas are set aside Protection of the Pinamayan forest was initially carried out by a for housing, school buildings, health centres and other constructions. group of local farmers who relied on this ecosystem for water used in agricultural irrigation and domestic use, and supplanted their The goal of the participatory land management plan is to equitably incomes with the sale of forest resources. From a small group of less balance the
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