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Liliana Filipa Vale Costa Os Jogos Como Estratégia De

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Liliana Filipa Vale Costa Os Jogos Como Estratégia De Universidade de Aveiro Departamento de Comunicação e Arte Universidade do Porto Faculdade de Letras 2017 LILIANA FILIPA VALE OS JOGOS COMO ESTRATÉGIA DE COSTA APRENDIZAGEM PARA UM ENVELHECIMENTO ATIVO GAME-BASED LEARNING FOR ACTIVE AGEING this page is left intentionally blank Universidade de Aveiro Departamento de Comunicação e Arte Universidade do Porto Faculdade de Letras 2017 LILIANA FILIPA VALE OS JOGOS COMO ESTRATÉGIA DE COSTA APRENDIZAGEM PARA UM ENVELHECIMENTO ATIVO Co-designing, desenvolvimento e avaliação de um jogo GAME-BASED LEARNING FOR ACTIVE AGEING Co-designing, developing and assessing a game-based tool Tese apresentada à Universidade de Aveiro para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Doutoramento Europeu em Informação e Comunicação em Plataformas Digitais, realizada sob a orientação científica da Doutora Ana Isabel Veloso, Professora Auxiliar do Departamento de Comunicação e Arte da Universidade de Aveiro, e sob a coorientação do Doutor Michael Loizou, Investigador Associado do Disruptive Media Learning Lab da Universidade de Coventry. Apoio financeiro da FCT e do FSE (SFRH/BD/101042/20014) no âmbito do III Quadro Comunitário de Apoio. this page is left intentionally blank To my dearly beloved grandmother Rosa. À minha querida avó Rosa. this page is left intentionally blank o júri presidente Prof. Doutor Fernando Manuel dos Santos Ramos Professor Catedrático do Departamento de Comunicação e Arte da Universidade de Aveiro Prof. Doutor Sylvester Arnab Anak Lucas Sadin Full Professor do Disruptive Media Learning Lab da Universidade de Coventry Prof. Doutor Licínio Gomes Roque Professor Auxiliar do Departamento de Engenharia Informática da Universidade de Coimbra Prof. Doutora Cândida Fernanda Antunes Ribeiro Professora Catedrática da Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto Prof. Doutora Ana Isabel Furtado Franco de Albuquerque Veloso Professora Auxiliar do Departamento de Comunicação e Arte da Universidade Aveiro this page is left intentionally blank agradecimentos Agradeço aos meus pais que sempre me encorajaram a seguir os meus sonhos e apoiaram–me incondicionalmente em momentos cruciais em que a minha convicção e teimosia desafiavam a incerteza das minhas escolhas e as dificuldades que se advinham. À orientadora Ana Isabel Veloso. Qualquer palavra é insuficiente para agradecer a sua orientação, amizade e confiança. Considero que tive muita sorte em me cruzar com a professora Ana que sempre me apoiou em todos os momentos, deu-me liberdade para pensar e produzir pensamento crítico, ajudou a alavancar ideias, orientou-me para além da redação e defesa da tese e, acima de tudo, acreditou em mim. Obrigada. À Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia pela oportunidade de concretizar a investigação e permitir que as ideias se tornem realidade. Agradeço também aos professores do Programa Doutoral em Informação e Comunicação em Plataformas Digitais que proporcionaram momentos de discussão e que me estimularam na procura de respostas que vão para além da minha área científica. O meu agradecimento estende-se ao grupo de professores especialistas que validaram o conteúdo dos materiais utilizados nas sessões de co-design com os participantes, Prof. Fernanda Martins, Prof. Maria Piedade Brandão, Prof. Liliana Sousa e Prof. Rui Neves. Um agradecimento ao Prof. Hélder Caixinha não só pelo apoio no desenvolvimento da plataforma eLearning mas por acreditar na capacidade dos alunos em desenvolver soluções técnicas para os problemas encontrados. À Alex Angélico pela ajuda com as permissões dos servidores da UA. Aos investigadores e colaboradores do Digimedia pela amizade e partilha de experiências. Em especial, à Carolina, Daniel e Joana. À equipa do Disruptive Media Learning Lab. Ao meu co-orientador Prof. Michael e ao ‘Chef’ pelo apoio, amizade e oportunidades em colaborar nas mais diversas iniciativas da Universidade de Coventry. Estou muito grata à Deb que foi incansável no apoio quer no centro de investigação quer no dia-a- dia em Coventry. Obrigada. Para além do Prof. Michael, do ‘Chef’ e Deb, queria deixar o meu apreço a Alan, Alex, Daniel, Esmé, Jacqueline, Jayne, Jonathan, Katherine, Lauren, Luca, Mark, Olly, Sam, Sarah K-Andrews, Sarah Merry e aos bibliotecários. À Daniela, Bruno e Catarina pela ajuda e acolhimento em Leicester. Muito obrigada! Ao Troy Lonergan, Paul Coleman, Mark Russel, Simone Hausknecht, Prof. Fernando Loizides, Prof. Eugène Loos, Prof. Kristina Curtis, Prof. Ernest Adams e Prof. Thomas Hartley pela colaboração neste estudo. A toda a equipa da A3Es que também teve um papel importante na minha formação e compreensão sobre o funcionamento das Instituições de Ensino Superior. Aos alunos e membros da organização das Universidades Sénior Gafanha da Nazaré, Universidade Sénior de Águeda, Universidade Sénior de Oliveira de Azeméis e Academia de Saberes de Aveiro. Aos alunos de Novas Tecnologias da Comunicação (NTC) – Grupo JUMP, André Pereira, Delymar Monteiro, José Reis e Mário Jader e aluna de Mestrado Marina Leitão por terem embarcado nesta aventura comigo. Aos meus colegas do Programa Doutoral em Informação e Comunicação (ICPD) e em especial às minhas amigas Marta Brandão e Teresa Silveira pelas discussões e partilha de experiências. Aos meus amigos e ex-colegas do CETAC e Mestrado. Ao Fábio pela enorme paciência, compreensão e apoio. this page is left intentionally blank acknowledgments My gratitude is addressed to my parents, who have always encouraged me to follow my dreams and unconditionally supported me at crucial moments when my conviction and stubbornness challenged the uncertainty of my choices and inherent difficulties. To my supervisor Ana Isabel Veloso. Any word is not sufficient to thank for her guidance, friendship and trust. I think that I was very lucky to meet Prof. Ana, who encouraged me all the time, giving me the necessary freedom to critically think.She has also helped me to leverage ideas, guided me beyond the process of writing and defending the thesis. Above all, she believed in me. Thanks. To the Foundation for Science and Technology for giving me the opportunity to turn ideas into reality. I also want to thank to the professors of the Doctoral Program in Information and Communication in Digital Platforms as they fostered important moments of discussions and encouraged me to search for answers that are beyond my scientific area. My gratitude extends to the group of experts who validated the content of the materials used during the co-design sessions, Prof. Fernanda Martins, Prof. Maria Piedade Brandão, Prof. Liliana Sousa and Prof. Rui Neves. A special thanks to Prof. Hélder Caixinha not only for his help in the development of the eLearning platform but for believing in his students’ capacity to develop technical solutions to the problems encountered. To Alex Angelico for helping me with the permissions of the UA servers. To Digimedia researchers and collaborators for sharing their experiences and friendship. To Carolina, Daniel and Joana. To the team of Disruptive Media Learning Lab. To my co-supervisor Prof. Michael Loizou and to the ‘Chef’ for their encouragement, friendship and opportunities to collaborate in the most diverse initiatives at the Coventry University. I am grateful to Deb, who has been relentless in giving me support at both the Research Centre and daily life at Coventry. To Alan, Alex, Daniel, Esmé, Jacqueline, Jayne, Jonathan, Katherine, Lauren, Luca, Mark, Olly, Sam, Sarah K-Andrews, Sarah Merry and the librarians. To Daniela, Bruno and Catarina for helping me out and their warmly welcoming in Leicester. Thank you very much! To Troy Lonergan, Paul Coleman, Mark Russel, Simone Hausknecht, Prof. Fernando Loizides, Prof. Eugène Loos, Prof. Kristina Curtis, Prof. Ernest Adams and Prof. Thomas Hartley for their collaboration in this study. To the A3Es team that also played an important role in my training and, thus, understanding and debating such important topics as the Quality Assurance in Higher Education Institutions. To the learners at the Universities of Third Age. To the undergraduate students in New Technologies of Communication (NTC), André Pereira, Delymar Monteiro, José Reis and Mário Jader and to the Master student, Marina Leitão, for embarking on this adventure with me. To my colleagues in the Doctoral Programme in Information and Communication in Digital Platforms (ICPD) - specially to my friends Marta Brandão and Teresa Silveira for sharing their experiences with me. To my friends and former colleagues at CETAC and Master in Multimedia. To Fabio for his enormous patience, understanding and support. this page is left intentionally blank palavras-chave jogos digitais, envelhecimento ativo, bem-estar, qualidade de vida, aprendizagem resumo As exigências atuais que decorrem da Sociedade da Informação e Comunicação, por vezes, excluem certos grupos, quer pela idade, quer por não fazerem parte da população ativa, quer pelo estado de saúde ou dificuldades de aprendizagem. De facto, o envelhecimento ativo e a aprendizagem ao longo da vida têm sido temas centrais da Declaração Política de Ação Internacional para o Envelhecimento de Madrid e da Organização Mundial de Saúde. Apesar de, recentemente, se ter verificado um interesse crescente na utilização de estratégias que visem responder aos desafios de uma sociedade envelhecida, grande parte dos estudos parece não considerar os jogos como estratégia de aprendizagem para motivar hábitos saudáveis, segurança e participação na sociedade. Trinta e três alunos de uma Universidade
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