DOCSLIB.ORG

Impact of the Darkling Beetle Alphitobius Diaperinus (Panzer) On

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Impact of the Darkling Beetle Alphitobius Diaperinus (Panzer) On BiologicalControl20,000–000(2000) doi:10.1006/bcon.2000.0874,availableonlineathttp://www.idealibrary.comon ImpactoftheDarklingBeetleAlphitobiusdiaperinus(Panzer)on EstablishmentofthePredaceousBeetleCarcinopspumilio(Erichson) forMuscadomesticaControlinCaged-LayerPoultryHouses DavidW.Watson,1 PhillipE.Kaufman,DonaldA.Rutz,andCarolS.Glenister* DepartmentofEntomology,CornellUniversity,Ithaca,NewYork14853;and*IPMLaboratories,Inc.,Locke,NewYork13092-0099 ReceivedNovember4,1999;acceptedAugust5,2000 supportsnumerousbeneficialspeciessuchasparasi- Understandingtheinsectnaturalhistoryinacaged- toids,predatorymites,andthepredaceoushisterbee- layerpoultryhouseisessentialtodevelopingInte- tle,Carcinopspumilio(Erichson)(RuedaandAxtell, gratedPestManagementstrategies.Inthisstudywe 1997;GedenandStoffolano,1987;RuedaandAxtell, observedtheinteractionofthreeinsectscommonly 1985). foundinpoultrymanure:afilthflypredator,Carci- Poultryandlivestockintegratedpestmanagement nopspumilio(Erichson)(Histeridae),andtwopoultry pests,thehousefly,MuscadomesticaL.(Muscidae), programsoftenincludeparasitoidstoaugmentflycon- andthedarklingbeetle,Alphitobiusdiaperinus(Pan- trolefforts(RutzandAxtell,1979;AxtellandRutz, zer)(Tenebrionidae).Manuresampleswerecollected 1986;Milleretal.,1993;Petersenetal.,1995).Given weeklyandtheinsectswereextractedusingBerlese– theproperconditions,naturallyoccurringpredators Tullgrenfunnels.Collectedinsectswereidentifiedto suchasadultandlarvalC.pumiliomayalsoimpose speciesandlifestage.WhenC.pumiliopopulations significantnaturalmortalityonnumerousmiteand equaledorexceededthoseofthelarvalhousefly,sub- dipteranprey,includinghouseflies(Axtell,1981;Ge- sequentadulthouseflypopulationswerenotconsid- denetal.,1988;Geden,1990).Bothadultandlarval eredpestiferous.C.pumilioadultandlarvalcohorts stagesofthebeetlefeedonhouseflyeggsandfirst variedsignificantlyamongpoultryhouses.FewC.pu- instars,andpoultryhouseswithabundantpredaceous miliolarvaewerefoundinhouseswithabundantdark- beetlepopulationsgenerallyexperiencefewflyprob- lingbeetlepopulations,suggestinganegativeimpact lems(Geden,1984;Gedenetal.,1988). ontheestablishmentofC.pumilio.Laboratorystudies Unlikethehisterbeetle,thedarklingbeetle,A.dia- confirmedthatlarvaldarklingbeetlessignificantlyre- perinus,isacommonpestofchickenandturkey ducethesurvivalofC.pumilioeggsandlarvae.Adult houses.Alllifestagesarefoundinpoultrylitterand darklingbeetlesdidnotreduceC.pumilioeggorlar- manurewheretheyfeedonmanure,litter,meal,dead valsurvival.©2000AcademicPress KeyWords:housefly;litterbeetle;darklingbeetle; birds,andotherinsects(LeschenandSteelman,1988). histerbeetle;poultry;biologicalcontrol;Integrated Darklingbeetlesharborandtransmitnumerousdis- PestManagement. eases:Newcastledisease,avianinfluenza,infectious bursaldisease,Marek’sdisease,andfowlpox(Dela Casaetal.,1973,1976).Furthermore,darklingbeetles INTRODUCTION havebeenshowntotransmitseveralotherinfectious agentsincludingSalmonella,Aspergillusspp.,Esche- Biologicalcontrolplaysanimportantroleinafully richiacoli,Bacillusspp.,Streptococcusspp.,Reovirus, integratedflymanagementprogram.Enclosedpoultry Rotavirus, Eimeria (coccidiosis), and tapeworms housesarewellsuitedtothedevelopmentofthebio- (McAllisteretal.,1994,1995;Despinsetal.,1994).In logicalcontrolcomponentbecausetheyofferastable additiontotheirpotentialtospreaddisease,darkling environmentsupportingpopulationsofpestspecies, beetlesalsocauseseverestructuraldamageandcanbe includingthehousefly,MuscadomesticaL.,andthe theobjectofnuisancecomplaints(Vaughanetal., darklingbeetle,Alphitobiusdiaperinus(Panzer)(Ax- 1984;Miller,1997). tellandArends,1990).Inaddition,thisenvironment Ourgoalwastoexplorethepotentialforimproving flysuppressionusingC.pumilio.EstablishmentofC. 1 Currentaddress:DepartmentofEntomology,NorthCarolina pumilioverylikelydependsonseveralabioticandbi- StateUniversity,Raleigh,NC27695. oticfactorsincludingavailableprey(Gedenetal., 1 1049-9644/00$35.00 Copyright©2000byAcademicPress Allrightsofreproductioninanyformreserved. 2 WATSON ET AL. 1987). To establish an optimal beetle to fly population densities were used to estimate the impact on the ratio for fly management, we chose to monitor hister house fly and hister beetles populations. beetle and house fly populations in poultry houses and Adult house fly densities were monitored using to observe darkling beetle interaction. Laboratory sticky cards (76 by 127 mm). Ten sticky cards were studies were conducted to evaluate the impact of the placed on the support structures in the manure pit of darkling beetle on the survival of C. pumilio. each house and removed after 12–18 h. Data collected from these surveys were used to compare house fly and hister beetle populations so that the number of beetles MATERIALS AND METHODS required to hold the fly population at tolerable levels (i.e., as determined by the producer) could be estab- Five high-rise caged-layer poultry houses, numbered lished. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 were selected for field study. Houses 1 Laboratory experiments were conducted to test the and 2 were negative-flow turbo houses in which the air hypothesis that darkling beetle adults or larvae could exhaust was fan-driven from the manure storage area. negatively impact C. pumilio egg and larval survival. Fans in the pit forced air out of the house and fresh air Fresh chicken manure was collected and frozen to kill was drawn from intake vents located on the roof soffit. any arthropods within. Thawed chicken manure (180 Manure dropping through narrow slots in the floor cc) was placed in 1.5-liter plastic containers. C. pumilio beneath the birds produced tall, sharply peaked ma- egg numbers were kept constant at 10 eggs per 180 cc nure mounds. Houses 3 and 4 were conventionally of thawed chicken manure. Zero, 10, 20, and 50 adult ventilated high-rise poultry houses. Exhaust air was darkling beetles were added to each container. Exper- forced from the pit by pit-fans and the manure, which iments to evaluate the effect of A. diaperinus adult on dropped through wide slots in the floor generally, pro- C. pumilio larvae and eggs were replicated 8 and 7 duced wide and flat manure mounds. House 5 was a times, respectively. Similarly, experiments on the ef- positive-flow turbo house in which air was pulled into fects of A. diaperinus larvae on C. pumilio larvae and the house by fans located in the roof ridge and ex- eggs were replicated 10 and 15 times. Cold-killed fly hausted passively from the pit area. Like Houses 1 and eggs were added to each container to supplement larval 2, the manure drops were narrow. feeding. Containers were covered with organdy cloth Our study was limited to poultry houses in various and held under constant light at 28 Ϯ 1.5°C. To reduce stages of production, resulting in diverse insect popu- excessive manure drying, 5–10 ml of water was added lations. Houses 1 and 4 were cleaned during the sur- every 1–2 days. Following a 14-day holding period the veillance period. Houses 2, 3, and 5 had been cleaned manure containing the beetles was placed in Berlese– before the surveillance began. During clean-out, all Tullgren funnels to extract the insects. The numbers of manure was removed, and no pad was retained. All surviving C. pumilio larvae were counted and recorded houses had naturally occurring house fly, darkling bee- and percentage mortality was calculated. Three addi- tle, and hister beetle populations. Augmenting C. pu- tional experiments were conducted to evaluate the ef- milio populations in some houses was encouraged by fects of adult darkling beetle on C. pumilio larval sur- the producer through deliberate transfers of an un- vival and the effect of darkling beetle larvae on sur- specified number of adult beetles captured from houses vival of hister beetle eggs and larvae. Beetle ratios and with abundant beetle populations. experimental design were as described above. House fly larvae, and adult and larval life stages of The ratio of fly larvae to hister beetles was calculated both hister beetle and darkling beetle, were surveyed by dividing the number of fly larvae by the number of using the corer technique developed by Geden and beetles. The differences between hister beetle, house Stoffolano, (1988). Ten samples of manure were ran- fly, and darkling beetle densities within poultry houses domly taken from the manure surface with a 400-cc were analyzed using one-way ANOVA (Minitab, 1997). bulb planter when manure levels were shallow or as The impact of the darkling beetle on the hister beetle in the manure pack deepened from the mid-lateral sur- the laboratory was analyzed using GLM, ANOVA (SAS face (Geden and Stoffolano, 1988). Samples were taken Institute, 1992) following correction of control mortal- to the laboratory and placed in Berlese–Tullgren fun- ity and a log (x ϩ 1.1) transformation (Abbott, 1925). nels to extract the insects. Houses were sampled weekly for a minimum of 18 weeks from 1 June RESULTS AND DISCUSSION through 30 November, 1995. Egg and pupal densities were not determined. Larval life stages were not dif- Production in House 1 had been underway for nearly ferentiated to instar. From these manure samples we 10 months and manure depth was near 1 m when the estimated the hister beetle, darkling beetle, and larval project began on June 1 (Table 1). Surveillance contin- house fly densities for each house. The impacts of ued for 13 weeks when House 1 was depopulated and hister beetles were estimated from changes in house fly cleaned. Larval house fly and C. pumilio populations larval densities. Similarly, darkling beetle population were well established
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Beetle Appreciation Diversity and Classification of Common Beetle Families Christopher E
    Beetle Appreciation Diversity and Classification of Common Beetle Families Christopher E. Carlton Louisiana State Arthropod Museum Coleoptera Families Everyone Should Know (Checklist) Suborder Adephaga Suborder Polyphaga, cont. •Carabidae Superfamily Scarabaeoidea •Dytiscidae •Lucanidae •Gyrinidae •Passalidae Suborder Polyphaga •Scarabaeidae Superfamily Staphylinoidea Superfamily Buprestoidea •Ptiliidae •Buprestidae •Silphidae Superfamily Byrroidea •Staphylinidae •Heteroceridae Superfamily Hydrophiloidea •Dryopidae •Hydrophilidae •Elmidae •Histeridae Superfamily Elateroidea •Elateridae Coleoptera Families Everyone Should Know (Checklist, cont.) Suborder Polyphaga, cont. Suborder Polyphaga, cont. Superfamily Cantharoidea Superfamily Cucujoidea •Lycidae •Nitidulidae •Cantharidae •Silvanidae •Lampyridae •Cucujidae Superfamily Bostrichoidea •Erotylidae •Dermestidae •Coccinellidae Bostrichidae Superfamily Tenebrionoidea •Anobiidae •Tenebrionidae Superfamily Cleroidea •Mordellidae •Cleridae •Meloidae •Anthicidae Coleoptera Families Everyone Should Know (Checklist, cont.) Suborder Polyphaga, cont. Superfamily Chrysomeloidea •Chrysomelidae •Cerambycidae Superfamily Curculionoidea •Brentidae •Curculionidae Total: 35 families of 131 in the U.S. Suborder Adephaga Family Carabidae “Ground and Tiger Beetles” Terrestrial predators or herbivores (few). 2600 N. A. spp. Suborder Adephaga Family Dytiscidae “Predacious diving beetles” Adults and larvae aquatic predators. 500 N. A. spp. Suborder Adephaga Family Gyrindae “Whirligig beetles” Aquatic, on water
    [Show full text]
  • Lesser Mealworm, Litter Beetle, Alphitobius Diaperinus (Panzer) (Insecta: Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)1 James C
    EENY-367 Lesser Mealworm, Litter Beetle, Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer) (Insecta: Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)1 James C. Dunford and Phillip E. Kaufman2 Introduction encountered in stored products (Green 1980). The other known species in the United States, A. laevigatus (Fabricius) The lesser mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer), is or black fungus beetle, is less commonly encountered and a cosmopolitan general stored products pest of particular may also vector pathogens and parasites and occasionally importance as a vector and competent reservoir of several cause damage to poultry housing. poultry pathogens and parasites. It can also cause damage to poultry housing and is suspected to be a health risk to humans in close contact with larvae and adults. Adults can become a nuisance when they move en masse toward artificial lights generated by residences near fields where beetle-infested manure has been spread (Axtell 1999). Alphitobius diaperinus inhabits poultry droppings and litter and is considered a significant pest in the poultry industry. Numerous studies have been conducted on lesser meal- worm biology, physiology, and management. Lambkin (2001) conducted a thorough review of relevant scientific literature in reference to A. diaperinus and provides a good understanding of the biology, ecology and bionomics of the pest. Bruvo et al. (1995) conducted molecular work to determine satellite DNA variants on the chromosomes of A. diaperinus. Alphitobius diaperinus is a member of the tenebrionid tribe Alphitobiini (Doyen 1989), which comprises four genera worldwide (Aalbu et al. 2002). Two genera occur Figure 1. Adult male lesser mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer). in the United States, of which there are two species in the This specimen taken from Henderson County, North Carolina.
    [Show full text]
  • Integrated Pest Management: Current and Future Strategies
    Integrated Pest Management: Current and Future Strategies Council for Agricultural Science and Technology, Ames, Iowa, USA Printed in the United States of America Cover design by Lynn Ekblad, Different Angles, Ames, Iowa Graphics and layout by Richard Beachler, Instructional Technology Center, Iowa State University, Ames ISBN 1-887383-23-9 ISSN 0194-4088 06 05 04 03 4 3 2 1 Library of Congress Cataloging–in–Publication Data Integrated Pest Management: Current and Future Strategies. p. cm. -- (Task force report, ISSN 0194-4088 ; no. 140) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 1-887383-23-9 (alk. paper) 1. Pests--Integrated control. I. Council for Agricultural Science and Technology. II. Series: Task force report (Council for Agricultural Science and Technology) ; no. 140. SB950.I4573 2003 632'.9--dc21 2003006389 Task Force Report No. 140 June 2003 Council for Agricultural Science and Technology Ames, Iowa, USA Task Force Members Kenneth R. Barker (Chair), Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh Esther Day, American Farmland Trust, DeKalb, Illinois Timothy J. Gibb, Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana Maud A. Hinchee, ArborGen, Summerville, South Carolina Nancy C. Hinkle, Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens Barry J. Jacobsen, Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman James Knight, Department of Animal and Range Science, Montana State University, Bozeman Kenneth A. Langeland, Department of Agronomy, University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Gainesville Evan Nebeker, Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State David A. Rosenberger, Plant Pathology Department, Cornell University–Hudson Valley Laboratory, High- land, New York Donald P.
    [Show full text]
  • The Evolution and Genomic Basis of Beetle Diversity
    The evolution and genomic basis of beetle diversity Duane D. McKennaa,b,1,2, Seunggwan Shina,b,2, Dirk Ahrensc, Michael Balked, Cristian Beza-Bezaa,b, Dave J. Clarkea,b, Alexander Donathe, Hermes E. Escalonae,f,g, Frank Friedrichh, Harald Letschi, Shanlin Liuj, David Maddisonk, Christoph Mayere, Bernhard Misofe, Peyton J. Murina, Oliver Niehuisg, Ralph S. Petersc, Lars Podsiadlowskie, l m l,n o f l Hans Pohl , Erin D. Scully , Evgeny V. Yan , Xin Zhou , Adam Slipinski , and Rolf G. Beutel aDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152; bCenter for Biodiversity Research, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152; cCenter for Taxonomy and Evolutionary Research, Arthropoda Department, Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, 53113 Bonn, Germany; dBavarian State Collection of Zoology, Bavarian Natural History Collections, 81247 Munich, Germany; eCenter for Molecular Biodiversity Research, Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, 53113 Bonn, Germany; fAustralian National Insect Collection, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; gDepartment of Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Institute for Biology I (Zoology), University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; hInstitute of Zoology, University of Hamburg, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany; iDepartment of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Wien, Wien 1030, Austria; jChina National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, 518083 Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; kDepartment of Integrative Biology, Oregon State
    [Show full text]
  • An Annotated Bibliography of Archaeoentomology
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Distance Master of Science in Entomology Projects Entomology, Department of 4-2020 An Annotated Bibliography of Archaeoentomology Diana Gallagher Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/entodistmasters Part of the Entomology Commons This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Entomology, Department of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Distance Master of Science in Entomology Projects by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Diana Gallagher Master’s Project for the M.S. in Entomology An Annotated Bibliography of Archaeoentomology April 2020 Introduction For my Master’s Degree Project, I have undertaken to compile an annotated bibliography of a selection of the current literature on archaeoentomology. While not exhaustive by any means, it is designed to cover the main topics of interest to entomologists and archaeologists working in this odd, dark corner at the intersection of these two disciplines. I have found many obscure works but some publications are not available without a trip to the Royal Society’s library in London or the expenditure of far more funds than I can justify. Still, the goal is to provide in one place, a list, as comprehensive as possible, of the scholarly literature available to a researcher in this area. The main categories are broad but cover the most important subareas of the discipline. Full books are far out-numbered by book chapters and journal articles, although Harry Kenward, well represented here, will be publishing a book in June of 2020 on archaeoentomology.
    [Show full text]
  • Oregon Invasive Species Action Plan
    Oregon Invasive Species Action Plan June 2005 Martin Nugent, Chair Wildlife Diversity Coordinator Oregon Department of Fish & Wildlife PO Box 59 Portland, OR 97207 (503) 872-5260 x5346 FAX: (503) 872-5269 [email protected] Kev Alexanian Dan Hilburn Sam Chan Bill Reynolds Suzanne Cudd Eric Schwamberger Risa Demasi Mark Systma Chris Guntermann Mandy Tu Randy Henry 7/15/05 Table of Contents Chapter 1........................................................................................................................3 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 3 What’s Going On?........................................................................................................................................ 3 Oregon Examples......................................................................................................................................... 5 Goal............................................................................................................................................................... 6 Invasive Species Council................................................................................................................. 6 Statute ........................................................................................................................................................... 6 Functions .....................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Current Classification of the Families of Coleoptera
    The Great Lakes Entomologist Volume 8 Number 3 - Fall 1975 Number 3 - Fall 1975 Article 4 October 1975 Current Classification of the amiliesF of Coleoptera M G. de Viedma University of Madrid M L. Nelson Wayne State University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.valpo.edu/tgle Part of the Entomology Commons Recommended Citation de Viedma, M G. and Nelson, M L. 1975. "Current Classification of the amiliesF of Coleoptera," The Great Lakes Entomologist, vol 8 (3) Available at: https://scholar.valpo.edu/tgle/vol8/iss3/4 This Peer-Review Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Biology at ValpoScholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Great Lakes Entomologist by an authorized administrator of ValpoScholar. For more information, please contact a ValpoScholar staff member at [email protected]. de Viedma and Nelson: Current Classification of the Families of Coleoptera THE GREAT LAKES ENTOMOLOGIST CURRENT CLASSIFICATION OF THE FAMILIES OF COLEOPTERA M. G. de viedmal and M. L. els son' Several works on the order Coleoptera have appeared in recent years, some of them creating new superfamilies, others modifying the constitution of these or creating new families, finally others are genera1 revisions of the order. The authors believe that the current classification of this order, incorporating these changes would prove useful. The following outline is based mainly on Crowson (1960, 1964, 1966, 1967, 1971, 1972, 1973) and Crowson and Viedma (1964). For characters used on classification see Viedma (1972) and for family synonyms Abdullah (1969). Major features of this conspectus are the rejection of the two sections of Adephaga (Geadephaga and Hydradephaga), based on Bell (1966) and the new sequence of Heteromera, based mainly on Crowson (1966), with adaptations.
    [Show full text]
  • Development of Synanthropic Beetle Faunas Over the Last 9000 Years in the British Isles Smith, David; Hill, Geoff; Kenward, Harry; Allison, Enid
    University of Birmingham Development of synanthropic beetle faunas over the last 9000 years in the British Isles Smith, David; Hill, Geoff; Kenward, Harry; Allison, Enid DOI: 10.1016/j.jas.2020.105075 License: Other (please provide link to licence statement Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Citation for published version (Harvard): Smith, D, Hill, G, Kenward, H & Allison, E 2020, 'Development of synanthropic beetle faunas over the last 9000 years in the British Isles', Journal of Archaeological Science, vol. 115, 105075. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2020.105075 Link to publication on Research at Birmingham portal Publisher Rights Statement: Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open- government-licence/version/3/ General rights Unless a licence is specified above, all rights (including copyright and moral rights) in this document are retained by the authors and/or the copyright holders. The express permission of the copyright holder must be obtained for any use of this material other than for purposes permitted by law. •Users may freely distribute the URL that is used to identify this publication. •Users may download and/or print one copy of the publication from the University of Birmingham research portal for the purpose of private study or non-commercial research. •User may use extracts from the document in line with the concept of ‘fair dealing’ under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 (?) •Users may not further distribute the material nor use it for the purposes of commercial gain.
    [Show full text]
  • Control of the Alphitobius Diaperinus (Panzer) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) with Entomopathogenic Fungi
    Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science Revista Brasileira de Ciência Avícola ISSN 1516-635X Apr - Jun 2009 / v.11 / n.2 / 121 - 127 Control of the Alphitobius Diaperinus (Panzer) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) with Entomopathogenic Fungi Author(s) ABSTRACT Rezende SRF1 Curvello FA2 The beetle Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer), considered a worldwide Fraga ME3 Reis RCS2 pest in the poultry industry, is difficult to control and it is a vector for Castilho AMC4 pathogens. The objective of this study was to evaluate the biological Agostinho TSP5 control of the lesser mealworm, by strains of fungi Beauveria bassiana, 1 M.Sc. student in Animal Science of Cladosporium sp. and Trichoderma sp. Larvae and adults of the A. Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. diaperinus were inoculated with suspensions of conidia in the 2 Professor, Instituto de Zootecnia of concentration of 107 conídia.mL-1. The B. bassiana isolate caused higher Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. 3 Professor, Instituto de Veterinária of insect mortality as compared to Cladosporium sp. and Trichoderma sp. Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro; isolates, with the larvae being more susceptible than adults. The 4 Biologist MS. Agrobio - Alternative pesticides. entomopathogenicity of B. bassiana was further evaluated with 200 5 M.Sc student in Zootecnia of Universidade larvae and 200 adults of A. diaperinus inoculated with suspensions 106, Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. 107, and 108 conidia.mL-1, and observed for ten days. Larvae mortality started at the fourth day at the lowest concentration, and the adult mortality was only observed on the sixth day at the concentration of 108 conidia.mL-1.
    [Show full text]
  • Description of Two Clown Beetles (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia: Hydrophiloidea: Histeridae) from Baltic Amber (Cenozoic, Paleogene, Eocene)
    Baltic J. Coleopterol. 16(1) 2016 ISSN 1407 - 8619 Description of two clown beetles (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia: Hydrophiloidea: Histeridae) from Baltic amber (Cenozoic, Paleogene, Eocene) Vitalii I. Alekseev Alekseev V.I. 2016. Description of two clown beetles (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia: Hydrophiloidea: Histeridae) from Baltic amber (Cenozoic, Paleogene, Eocene). Baltic J. Coleopterol., 16(1): 27 - 35. The first representatives of the tribe Paromalini within the subfamily Dendrophilinae from Eocene Baltic amber are presented, with description of two new species Carcinops donelaitisi sp. nov. and Xestipyge ikanti sp. nov. placed in the recent genera Carcinops Marseul, 1855 and Xestipyge Marseul, 1862, respectively. The importance of humidity for the surviving of several Eocene European beetles in other geographical territories is pointed out. Key words: taxonomy, Paleogene, fossil resin, new species, Carcinops donelaitisi, Xestipyge ikanti Vitalii I. Alekseev. Department of Zootechny, FGBOU VPO “Kaliningrad State Technical University”, Sovetsky av. 1. 236000 Kaliningrad, Russia; e-mail: [email protected] INTRODUCTION mushrooms and forest litter, under loose bark of woody plants, in galleries of wood-boring The family Histeridae Gyllenhal, 1808 insects, vertebrate nests, and in nests of social comprises 4252 species and 391 genera insects (ants and termites). Several specialized worldwide (Mazur 2011), grouped in 11 soil and cave dwelling species also exist subfamilies: Niponiinae, Abraeinae, (Kryzhanovkij & Reichardt, 1976). Trypeticinae, Trypanaeinae, Saprininae, Dendrophilinae, Onthophilinae, Tribalinae, The fossil history of Histeridae is sparse and Histerinae, Haeteriinae, and Chlamydopsinae. few species have been described. The oldest Histerids are small to medium-sized beetles definitive histerids are Mesozoic records, (0.7-25 mm) and occur in many habitats, from Pantostictus burmanicus Poinar et Brown, dense forests to deserts and dunes.
    [Show full text]
  • Redalyc.Evaluation of Beauveria Bassiana (986) As a Biological
    Acta Scientiae Veterinariae ISSN: 1678-0345 [email protected] Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Brasil Gazoni, Fábio Luiz; Flores, Fernanda; Silveira, Flávio; Steffen, Renata; Reginatto, Andressa; Soares, Cláudia; Lovato, Maristela Evaluation of Beauveria bassiana (986) as a Biological Control of Alphitobius diaperinus in Poultry Bed of Wood Shavings Acta Scientiae Veterinariae, vol. 40, núm. 1, 2012, pp. 1-4 Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre, Brasil Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=289021814007 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative F.L. Gazoni, F. Flores, F. Silveira, et al. 2012. Evaluation of Beauveria bassiana (986) as a Biological Control of Alphitobius diaperinus in Poultry Bed of Wood Shavings. Acta Scientiae Veterinariae. 40(1): 1016. Acta Scientiae Veterinariae, 2012. 40(1): 1016. SHORT COMMUNICATION ISSN 1679-9216 (Online) Pub. 1016 Evaluation of Beauveria bassiana (986) as a Biological Control of Alphitobius diaperinus in Poultry Bed of Wood Shavings Fábio Luiz Gazoni1, Fernanda Flores1, Flávio Silveira1, Renata Steffen2, Andressa Reginatto2, Cláudia Soares2 & Maristela Lovato1 ABSTRACT Background: Alphitobius diaperinus, lesser mealworm, represents one of the most important pests in the poultry farming industry worldwide. This insect serves as a mechanical host of pathogenic micro-organisms to birds and causes injuries in their digestive tract affecting the feed conversion. Both larvae and adult insects grow in the avian bed, over the soil of sheds and especially near the feeders, where there is a greater availability of food and water.
    [Show full text]
  • Comparison of Two Acetylcholinesterase Gene Cdnas of the Lesser Mealworm, Alphitobius Diaperinus, in Insecticide Susceptible and Resistant Strains
    130 Kozaki et al. Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 67:130–138 (2008) Comparison of Two Acetylcholinesterase Gene cDNAs of the Lesser Mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus, in Insecticide Susceptible and Resistant Strains Toshinori Kozaki, Brian A. Kimmelblatt, Ronda L. Hamm, and Jeffrey G. Scott* Two cDNAs encoding different acetylcholinesterase (AChE) genes (AdAce1 and AdAce2) were sequenced and analyzed from the lesser mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus. Both AdAce1 and AdAce2 were highly similar (95 and 93% amino acid identity, respectively) with the Ace genes of Tribolium castaneum. Both AdAce1 and AdAce2 have the conserved residues characteristic of AChE (catalytic triad, intra-disulfide bonds, and so on). Partial cDNA sequences of the Alphitobius Ace genes were compared between two tetrachlorvinphos resistant (Kennebec and Waycross) and one susceptible strain of beetles. Several single nucle- otide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected, but only one non-synonymous mutation was found (A271S in AdAce2). No SNPs were exclusively found in the resistant strains, the A271S mutation does not correspond to any mutations previously reported to alter sensitivity of AChE to organophosphates or carbamates, and the A271S was found only as a heterozygote in one individual from one of the resistant A. diaperinus strains. This suggests that tetrachlorvinphos resistance in the Kennebec and Waycross strains of A. diaperinus is not due to mutations in either AChE gene. The sequences of AdAce1 and AdAce2 provide new information about the evolution of these important genes in insects. Arch Insect Biochem Physiol. 67:130–138, 2008. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc. KEYWORDS: acetylcholinesterase; Tribolium castaneum; lesser mealworm; genotyping; AdAce1; AdAce2; Insecta INTRODUCTION at night.
    [Show full text]