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(AHP)-Based Assessment of the Value of Non-World Heritage Tulou
Tourism Management Perspectives 26 (2018) 67–77 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Tourism Management Perspectives journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/tmp Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)-based assessment of the value of non- T World Heritage Tulou: A case study of Pinghe County, Fujian Province ⁎ Hang Maa, Shanting Lib, Chung-Shing Chanc, a Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518050, China b Shanghai W&R Group, Shanghai 200052, China c Department of Geography and Resource Management, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, N.T, Hong Kong ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: China's Fujian Tulou (earthen buildings constructed dating to the 12th century) represent a valuable source of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) human cultural heritage. As the Tulou have not been classified as World Heritage Sites by UNESCO, they lack Conservation and reuse financial support, receive minimal attention and face structural deterioration. The purpose of this study is to Cultural heritage explore a methodological approach to assess the value of non-World Heritage Tulou (NWHT) and provide Evaluation system grounds for the reuse of Tulou accordingly. First, building-type, planar layout and other characteristics of Pinghe Tulou NWHTs in Pinghe are reviewed. Next, an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is applied to the value evaluation of Pinghe Tulou. Then, policy recommendations for reuse and redevelopment are put forward. The findings suggest that focusing on the reuse of Tulou alone is not justifiable. Rather, funding, public participation and the con- tinuity of community life are important factors relating to the reuse of NWHTs. 1. Introduction Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in 2008 (and are thus referred to here as ‘World Heritage Tulous’ (Fig. -
Filed By: [email protected], Filed Date: 1/7/20 11:04 PM, Submission Status: Approved Page 47 of 123 Barcode:3927422-02 A-351-853 INV - Investigation
Barcode:3927422-02 A-351-853 INV - Investigation - Company Name Address E-mail Phone Website Estrada Municipal - CDR 455, S / N | km 1 Castilian 55 49 3561-3248 and 55- Adami S/A Madeiras Caçador (SC) | Postal Code 89514-899 B [email protected] 49-9184-1887 http://www.adami.com.br/ Rua Distrito Industrial - Quadra 06 - lote 03 - Setor D, Advantage Florestal Ananindeua - PA, 67035-330, Brazil [email protected] 55(91) 3017-5565 https://advantageflorestal.com.br/contact-us/ São Josafat, 1850 Street - Clover - Prudentópolis AFFONSO DITZEL & CIA LTDA Paraná - Brazil - ZIP Code 84400-000 [email protected] 55 42 3446-1440 https://www.affonsoditzel.com/index.php AG Intertrade [email protected] 55 41 3015-5002 http://www.agintertrade.com.br/en/home-2/ General Câmara Street, 243/601 55-51-2217-7344 and Araupel SA 90010-230 - Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil [email protected] 55-51-3254-8900 http://www.araupel.com.br/ Rua Félix da Cunha, 1009 – 8º andar CEP: 90570-001 [email protected] and 55 43 3535-8300 and 55- Braspine Madeiras Ltda. Porto Alegre – RS [email protected] 42-3271-3000 http://www.braspine.com.br/en/home/ R. Mal. Floriano Peixoto, 1811 - 12° andar, Sala 124 - Brazil South Lumber Centro, Guarapuava - PR, 85010-250, Brazil [email protected] 55 42 3622-9185 http://brazilsouthlumber.com.br/?lang=en Curupaitis Street, 701 - Curitiba - Paraná - Brazil - ZIP COMERCIAL EXPORTADORA WK LTDA Code 80.310-180 [email protected] http://wktrading.com.br/ 24 de Outubro Street, -
The Paradigm of Hakka Women in History
DOI: 10.4312/as.2021.9.1.31-64 31 The Paradigm of Hakka Women in History Sabrina ARDIZZONI* Abstract Hakka studies rely strongly on history and historiography. However, despite the fact that in rural Hakka communities women play a central role, in the main historical sources women are almost absent. They do not appear in genealogy books, if not for their being mothers or wives, although they do appear in some legends, as founders of villages or heroines who distinguished themselves in defending the villages in the absence of men. They appear in modern Hakka historiography—Hakka historiography is a very recent discipline, beginning at the end of the 19th century—for their moral value, not only for adhering to Confucian traditional values, but also for their endorsement of specifically Hakka cultural values. In this paper we will analyse the cultural paradigm that allows women to become part of Hakka history. We will show how ethical values are reflected in Hakka historiography through the reading of the earliest Hakka historians as they depict- ed Hakka women. Grounded on these sources, we will see how the narration of women in Hakka history has developed until the present day. In doing so, it is necessary to deal with some relevant historical features in the construc- tion of Hakka group awareness, namely migration, education, and women narratives, as a pivotal foundation of Hakka collective social and individual consciousness. Keywords: Hakka studies, Hakka woman, women practices, West Fujian Paradigma žensk Hakka v zgodovini Izvleček Študije skupnosti Hakka se močno opirajo na zgodovino in zgodovinopisje. -
Appendix Bibliography
Cover Page The handle http://hdl.handle.net/1887/45981 holds various files of this Leiden University dissertation Author: Wang, R. Title: A place of placelessness: Hekeng people’s heritage Issue Date: 2017-02-16 APPENDIX Appendix THE RISE OF FUJIAN EARTHEN FORTS even came three times in a single year. The rich IN THE SIXTEENTH AND SEVENTEENTH people sought refuge in the better fortified county CENTURY, CHENG, BAO, LOU AND ZHAI town. With no such shelter available, the poor had to hide deep in the mountain forests. Without 1. Eastern Fujian: the Mingshenzong shilu, the shelter, the refugees were forced to suffer the bad Wanli sanshinian, or the Chronicles of the Ming weather in mountain ranges. Many of the poor Dynasty, Shenzong Emperor, the thirty-first were finally captured and killed by the bandits. Year of the Wanli reign (1603): ‘When Xu Kui The ones who had luckily survived their knives administrated Leling county, an intensification and swords could also eventually succumb to the of the social chaos resulted in an official decree atrocious weather, especially the noxious mists that ordered the moat be deepened and that the in the mountains. The elder brother of Great- walled enclosures in the county be strengthened. grandfather Sanfeng felt deep sympathy for these Moreover, the county magistrate also required poor clansmen… Therefore he led the clansmen the peasants who lived in the rural areas of in search of the foundation site of the old fort the county to prepare against pillaging by at the Lotus Peak. He raised funds to support constructing strong walls around their dwellings. -
Fujian Tulous, China an Exemplar of a Unique Chinese Architectural Style
Interior view of Shengwu lou. Photo by © Global Heritage Fund Fujian Tulous, China An Exemplar of a Unique Chinese Architectural Style Site Significance Dalou, the largest known Fujian tulou, and Juening lou, the largest known circular Fujian Fujian Tulou is a unique Chinese multi-story tulou, was one that was not included in the rammed earth architectural form of the UNESCO inscription. Hakka and Minnan people in Fujian Province, China, built for communal living and defense. Polychrome paintings, clay sculptures, and The literal translation of the term “tulou” is woodcarvings can be seen inside the building, “earthen building,” and there are about 3000 door and window panels, and walls and roof tulou located in southwestern Fujian province. tiles. The building contains more than 600 These are mostly located in the mountainous pieces of carved wood elements, each featuring regions of Longyan City and Zhangzhou City a unique design, and more than 100 pieces of precincts and were built between the 12th and clay sculpture and wall paintings. Shengwu the 20th centuries. lou has been described as “the most exquisite Threats tulou for its decorative arts” by Chinese tulou Pollution The Chinese State Administration of Cultural scholar Mr. Huang Hanmin. Neglect Heritage (SACH) has identified many of the Encroachment Fujian tulous as a National Cultural Heritage Protection Unit. Six tulou clusters and four Start Date tulou structures, comprising 46 tulou structures 2009 were inscribed in 2008 by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site. Shengwu lou, located in Pinghe County, which also houses Zhuangshang Project Goals Community Preservation by Design® As an effort to encourage tourism to the area, the addition of Shengwu lou to the other Planning two popular tulou clusters can form a more The building already has a structural interesting and diverse tour circuit: visitors conservation plan underway. -
Factory Address Country
Factory Address Country Durable Plastic Ltd. Mulgaon, Kaligonj, Gazipur, Dhaka Bangladesh Lhotse (BD) Ltd. Plot No. 60&61, Sector -3, Karnaphuli Export Processing Zone, North Potenga, Chittagong Bangladesh Bengal Plastics Ltd. Yearpur, Zirabo Bazar, Savar, Dhaka Bangladesh ASF Sporting Goods Co., Ltd. Km 38.5, National Road No. 3, Thlork Village, Chonrok Commune, Korng Pisey District, Konrrg Pisey, Kampong Speu Cambodia Ningbo Zhongyuan Alljoy Fishing Tackle Co., Ltd. No. 416 Binhai Road, Hangzhou Bay New Zone, Ningbo, Zhejiang China Ningbo Energy Power Tools Co., Ltd. No. 50 Dongbei Road, Dongqiao Industrial Zone, Haishu District, Ningbo, Zhejiang China Junhe Pumps Holding Co., Ltd. Wanzhong Villiage, Jishigang Town, Haishu District, Ningbo, Zhejiang China Skybest Electric Appliance (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. No. 18 Hua Hong Street, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu China Zhejiang Safun Industrial Co., Ltd. No. 7 Mingyuannan Road, Economic Development Zone, Yongkang, Zhejiang China Zhejiang Dingxin Arts&Crafts Co., Ltd. No. 21 Linxian Road, Baishuiyang Town, Linhai, Zhejiang China Zhejiang Natural Outdoor Goods Inc. Xiacao Village, Pingqiao Town, Tiantai County, Taizhou, Zhejiang China Guangdong Xinbao Electrical Appliances Holdings Co., Ltd. South Zhenghe Road, Leliu Town, Shunde District, Foshan, Guangdong China Yangzhou Juli Sports Articles Co., Ltd. Fudong Village, Xiaoji Town, Jiangdu District, Yangzhou, Jiangsu China Eyarn Lighting Ltd. Yaying Gang, Shixi Village, Shishan Town, Nanhai District, Foshan, Guangdong China Lipan Gift & Lighting Co., Ltd. No. 2 Guliao Road 3, Science Industrial Zone, Tangxia Town, Dongguan, Guangdong China Zhan Jiang Kang Nian Rubber Product Co., Ltd. No. 85 Middle Shen Chuan Road, Zhanjiang, Guangdong China Ansen Electronics Co. Ning Tau Administrative District, Qiao Tau Zhen, Dongguan, Guangdong China Changshu Tongrun Auto Accessory Co., Ltd. -
Federal Register/Vol. 85, No. 156/Wednesday, August 12, 2020
Federal Register / Vol. 85, No. 156 / Wednesday, August 12, 2020 / Notices 48669 does not apply to screen/‘‘surfaced on 4 U.S. Department of Commerce, 1401 investigation as it appeared in the sides’’ (S4S) and/or ‘‘surface 1 side, 2 edges’’ Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, Initiation Notice, as well as additional (SlS2E) stock (also called boards) that are DC 20230; telephone: (202) 482–0768 or language proposed by Commerce. For a finger-jointed, edge-glued mouldings, or (202) 482–1766, respectively. millwork blanks (whether or not resawn). summary of the product coverage Imports of wood mouldings and millwork SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: comments and rebuttal responses products are primarily entered under the Background submitted to the record for this following Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the investigation, and accompanying United States (HTSUS) numbers: This preliminary determination is discussion and analysis of all comments 4409.10.4010, 4409.10.4090, 4409.10.4500, made in accordance with section 733(b) timely received, see the Preliminary 4409.10.5000, 4409.22.4000, 4409.22.5000, of the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended Scope Decision Memorandum.6 4409.29.4100, and 4409.29.5100. Imports of (the Act). Commerce published the wood mouldings and millwork products may notice of initiation of this investigation Commerce is preliminarily modifying also enter under HTSUS numbers: on February 5, 2020.1 On May 26, 2020, the scope language as it appeared in the 4409.10.6000, 4409.10.6500, 4409.22.6000, Commerce postponed the preliminary Initiation Notice. See the revised scope 4409.22.6500, 4409.29.6100, 4409.29.6600, in Appendix I to this notice. -
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
Study on Monitoring and Control Technology of Citrus Huanglongbing in C... http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-ZNTB201204054.htm Home | Journal Papers | About CNKI | User Service | FAQ | Contact Us | 中文 Full-Text Search: 《Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin》 2012-04 Add to Favorite Get Latest Update Similar Journals > Chinese Journal of Veterinary Medicine > Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine > Plant Quarantine > Gansu Animal and Veterinary Sciences Wang Enguo,Li Dalin (Plant Protection and Quarantine Station of Linhai City of Zhejiang Province,Linhai Zhejiang 317000) > Jilin Animal Husbandry and In order to explore the epidemics of Huanglongbing and the regulation of its vector Citrus psyllid,and improve monitoring Veterinary Medicine and control techniques,data of general investigation of disease epidemic of Huanglongbing from October to November in the Ci trus orchard all over communities of Linhai County from 2003 to 2010 and the annual population dynamics of vector Citrus ps > Animal Husbandry & Veterinary yllid was collected by applyed specific citrus tree timing method in 2 systemic monitoring points in Gucheng and Datian early- Medicine maturing Citrus orchard during 2008-2010.The results showed that the seasonal population dynamics of Citrus psyllid could be > Poultry Husbandry and Disease described by trimodal curve,its peaks mainly appeared at late June to late July,mid-August to mid-September and early October to early November.The tend between different years and orchards were identical,but the peeks -
Form Function and Key Elements of Fujian Tulou ——A Case Study of Nanjing Tulou
5th International Conference on Civil, Architectural and Hydraulic Engineering (ICCAHE 2016) Form function and key elements of Fujian Tulou ——A Case Study of Nanjing Tulou Xiaohui Zheng South China University of technology, Guangzhou,China KEYWORD: Architectural forms, functional layout, key elements ABSTRACT: Tulou, the earthen building, is the world cultural heritage. It is famous for its various shapes and structures. However, opinions are different about its concept and classification. Tulou in Najing of Fujian Province will be divided into three types in the thesis, that is, round, square and deviant forms, according to the study of architectural forms, functional layout and elements of the construction. INTRODUCTION Tulou, the earthen building, has been in the list of the world cultural heritage. However, people from different areas and academic fields didn’t reach an agreement on its concept, let alone media reports. Some regarded the buildings made of rammed-earth wall as Tulou; some insisted that Hakka earthen building was equal to Fujian Tulou, while some even believed that Tulou was con- structed by the Hakka people. However, none is the exactly right one. Professor Huang Hanmin pointed out that Tulou should be one of the categories of Fujian Tulou, referring to those storied houses distributed in the western and southern areas of Fujian province and the northeastern areas of Guangdong province, which are of the defensive functions owing to the rammed-earth wall and wooden beam column, and the living areas there are set along the periphery to accommodate large families. CLASSIFICATION AND FUNCTIONAL LAYOUT OF TULOU Tulou can be divided into round, square (including mansion-style) and deviant forms according to its floor plan, while it can be divided into unit-typed buildings, gallery apartment buildings and spe- cial forms. -
Fujian Farmland Sustainable Utilization and Demonstration Project
External Social Monitoring Report # 4 Semiannual Report March 2021 People’s Republic of China: Fujian Farmland Sustainable Utilization and Demonstration Project Prepared by Sichuan Fontal Strategic Consulting Co., Ltd. for the Fujian Provincial Government and the Asian Development Bank. NOTE (i) In this report, "$" refers to United States dollars. This external social monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Loan No.: 3450-PRC Fujian Farmland Sustainable Utilization and Demonstration Project External Social Monitoring Report No. 4 Sichuan Fontal Strategic Consulting Co., Ltd. March 2021 ABBREVIATIONS ADB - Asian Development Bank AP - Affected Person FGD - Focus Group Discussion GAP - Gender Action Plan IA - Implementing Agency M&E - Monitoring and Evaluation NCB - National Competitive Bidding PMO - Project Management Office PPMO Provincial PMO RP - Resettlement Plan SDAP - Social Development Action Plan Units Currency unit = Yuan (RMB) RMB1.00 = US$0.15 1 hectare = 15 mu 1. Project Overview 1.1 Project Introduction 1 The Fujian Farmland Sustainable Utilization and Demonstration Project (hereinafter, -
Minimum Wage Standards in China August 11, 2020
Minimum Wage Standards in China August 11, 2020 Contents Heilongjiang ................................................................................................................................................. 3 Jilin ............................................................................................................................................................... 3 Liaoning ........................................................................................................................................................ 4 Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region ........................................................................................................... 7 Beijing......................................................................................................................................................... 10 Hebei ........................................................................................................................................................... 11 Henan .......................................................................................................................................................... 13 Shandong .................................................................................................................................................... 14 Shanxi ......................................................................................................................................................... 16 Shaanxi ...................................................................................................................................................... -
Unary Non-Structural Fertilizer Response Model for Rice Crops
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Unary Non-Structural Fertilizer Response Model for Rice Crops and Its Field Experimental Verifcation Received: 6 September 2017 Mingqing Zhang1, Juan Li1, Fang Chen2,3 & Qingbo Kong1 Accepted: 29 January 2018 The quadratic polynomial fertilizer response model (QPFM) is the primary method for implementing Published: xx xx xxxx quantitative fertilization in crop production, but the success rate of this model’s recommended fertilization rates in China is low because the model contains a high setting bias. This paper discusses a new modelling method for expanding the applicability of QPFM. The results of feld experiments with 8 levels of N, P, or K fertilization showed that the dynamic trend between rice yield increases and fertilizer application rate exhibited a typical exponential relationship. Therefore, we propose a unary non-structural fertilizer response model (NSFM). The responses of 18 rice feld experiments to N, P, or K fertilization indicated that the new models could signifcantly predict rice yields, while two experimental ftting results using the unary QPFM did not pass statistical signifcance tests. The residual standard deviations of 13 new models were signifcantly lower than that of the unary QPFM. The linear correlation coefcient of the recommended application rates between the new model and the unary QPFM reached a signifcant level. Theoretical analysis showed that the unary QPFM was a simplifed version of the new model, and it had a higher ftting precision and better applicability. At present, fertilizer response models can be divided into mechanistic and experiential models1, and between them, with “semi-mechanistic and semi-experiential” qualities, is the so-called non-structural fertilizer response model2.