Ko-so-a

ko-so-a

ko- a- So-

so- ko- a-

deixis anaphora demonstrative ko-so-a

deixis anaphora demonstrative Deixis exophora

deictic center ko- so-

Anaphora endophora a- Territory Model territory antecedent anaphor antecedent anaphor

Okaasan, itai yo.

Near her, Joan found a snake cataphora Doko ga? Demonstratives

pronominal I *Koko/Soko/*Asoko da yo. bought this adnominal I bought this laptop

so- ko- so- a-

ko- kore kono so- sore

, sono a- are , ano ko-so-a triplet double binary ko- so- ko- so- a-

ko so a ko- so- Distance Model

Kono kado o magatte kudasai. a-

Sono kado o magatte kudasai. ko- a- ko- so- ko- a- so- a- ko- Ano kado o magatte kudasai. so- ko- a-

Kinoo Yamada-san ni aimashita. Ano (#Sono) hito itsumo a- ko- so- ko- so- a- genki desu ne.

a- + ko- a re-kore areka-koreka achira-kochira atchi-kotchi so- + ko- s oko-koko sonna-konna de to iu hito sore to kore to wa hanashi ga chigau sono soo-koo suru uchi ni ano to iu a- + so- to iu hito ano a- so- sono

a- so- Soko desu ka, asoko desu ka

so- a-

ko- so- a- omae ko-

so- a-

so- indirect Omae wa nanto bakana koto o shitan da. direct

a- Jibun wa hatashite sonzai shite iru no daroo ka.

Kinoo Yamada to iu hito ni aimashita.

Sono (#Ano) hito, michi ni mayotte a- komatte ita node, tasukete agemashita. so-

Kyoo Yamada-san ni atta kedo, ano hito

to atta no wa ittai nannen-buri

no koto daroo. a- so- X no koto da kara

Yamada-san wa Tanaka-sensei toka iu hito no a- so- koto bakari hanashite ita keredo, sono hito wa Yamada-san o matte iru no desu. Ano/Sono hito

sonnani erai hito nano daroo ka. wa kitto okurete kuru deshoo.

Yamada-san o matte iru no desu. Ano/#Sono hito no koto da kara, kitto okurete kuru deshoo. ko- a- so- so-

Sore wa donna iro o shite iru no daroo ka. Boku wa oosaka de Yamada Taroo to iu sensei ni

osowattan da kedo, kimi mo ano sensei ni

Ittai kore wa itsu made tsuzuku no daroo. tsuku to ii yo.

so- a-

to iu sensei experiential knowledge conceptual knowledge sono ano

Ko-so-a Demo kore, tatemono no naka ni hairu to, ko-so-a kaze ga nai kara, nanka sugu atsuku

kanjiru na, kore.

ko- sono uchi so- a- ko- kono uchi ano uchi Sore de so-a soo da a, soo da

Are

ko-so-a- are kore kore Sono uchi hagaki ka nan ka kakoo kana. ko- so- a-

Ma, mainichi mizu kaeta kara nee. Sore de, Ko

ma, san-shuukan gurai motta kanaa. ko-

ko

A, kono isu choo-raku soo. A, soo da. Kishi-san ni mo, Kishi-san ni mo

nanika kakoo kanaa.

A, konna no mo arun da.

Anmari koko ni kite sabishii-tte omotta Maa, konpyuutaa wakaran de, are ya kedo.

so-

so-

koto nai kedo, koo yatte heya ni hitori de kore y hitorigoto wa ya da naa.

ko- sore

sore

ko- are ko Maa, aarudeko no ii no ga attara, hoshii

a- kedo, maa, kore wa kinagani yaroo.

kore

sore Getsuyoobi madeni shinakucha ikenai no ga, kore sore eeto, a, soo da. E o kaite morau koto Are

to, ato wa nanka atta kana. Aa, soo soo

ko- I think you’ll be interested in soo, kondo no kuizu no mondai o tsukuru this. Yesterday, our supervisor was seen …

koto. Kore o yattokanakya ikenai kana.

ko- ko-

ko-

So

ko-so-a so-

so- so- ko this emotional deixis so a- a- this that

a ano resutoran, nandak-ke kana. Deteru kanaa.

Are wa, a, jekku janai, jakku janai. Sonna Ano kakejiku wa dare ga kaita no kanaa. namae datta yoona ki ga suru kedo.

Asuko ni Momo-chan to Akane. Aa, hoka no hito ni kurabetara, sugoi Momo-chan and Akane yoochi na hitorigoto nanyaro na, kore. nanka

ko- hazukasii na. … Konnan de iin kana. Demo a- so- so- kansaiben ya kara, kakidashi nikui yaro ko-so-a ko- a- na. … Teepu kiite zenbu kakidasu nante mendokusai so- so- na. Soo iu kikai mada nain kana. a- so- a- so-

so Sankanbi ja nakute, bunkasai ja nakute, aa, Kore wa? Kore wa kirei kamo shirenai. Ee, 1,287 namae wasureta. Eeto, oyako, oyako nantoka. doru? Sore wa chotto. Ee, nande sonna kotoba wasurerun yaro.

6-nenkan mainen atta noni. so Soo da, pasokon ga kowarechatta

kara, sono shuuri mo, moshi dekitara, shitai shi.

Restoran toka ieba, itsuka itta

Nihon dato semai shi naa. Kichi-kichi shiteru shi. sono

Minna yakeni oshare dakara na, hen ni, sore so- muda ni. Un, demo, sore ga ii koto kana.

Kinoo no ima goro nani yattottaro, 1-ji A

ttettara. A, so da, omoshirokunai sono risaachi a- so- ko a- peepaa kaku kurasu yattetan ka.

a … ippai e o kaita kara, ano e Okaasan rekusasu ki ni itteru yoo datta kedo, demo o doo shiyoo kanaa. … Natsuyasumi ni chotto e are wa okkii kuruma da shi nee. no seiri o shita hoo ga ii

kamo shirenai. … demo tsukaenai e wa doo shitara

ii no kanaa. Demo suteru no wa mottainai Aa, demo ippai e o kaita kara, ano

kara, un, sore wa dokka ni sutoa suru ka. e o doo shiyoo kana.

Nee, ima wa Reeku Taho de nani shiten daro.

so- sono Tenki ii to ii ne, atchi. sore

a-

a kore are Aa, onaka suitaa. … Onaka ga guu-tto natta. zenmai

Aaa, kyoo mo hare. ashita mo hare, ashita kore are mo hare hen kana. Ashita haretara, ano sandaru hako. kore are Are, kore da Are kore a-

ko- ko- Itsu datta kana, saigo ni sazae tabeta ko- a-

no wa. Moo sootoo mukashi no hanashi ko- a- ko- a- da ne. Ne, Aoshima no umi ni itte,

uchi no okaasan to otooto to sazae tabete,

suika-wari shite. Are, nantetta kana, are.

Are, nooryoo basu da, nooryoo basu.

Kore, are da. Zenmai da.

a- active semiactive inactive

a- place in from

t1 t2 t2 t1 given t2 t1 accessible t1 new t2

t2 kore are kore are

Ashita nani shinakucha ikenain dakke. A, soo da,

gijiroku da. Kore/Are mo jikan kakaru naa.

Jennifer your back kore the kid are a- zenmai so- kore are ko Are, kore da

Ano/#Kono hito dare nan daroo, kinoo kore are

Okada-san ga hanashiteta hito.

a

a a

a a- a- ko a- a ano a a

ano ko a- ko a-

a-

a-

Kinoo Yamada to iu hito ni aimashita.

Sono (#Ano) hito, michi ni mayotte komatte-ita

node, tasukete agemashita.

Kinoo Yamada-san ni aimashita. Ano (#Sono) hito itsumo

itsumo genki desu ne. ko-so-a

ano toshi no, we cannot a- so-

ano

asocial ano her it

it

a-

a- deictically

a-

Nee, ima wa Reeku Taho de nani shiten daro.

Tenki ii to ii ne, atchi.

Aa, onaka suitaa. … Onaka ga guu-tto natta.

Aaa, kyoo mo hare. ashita mo hare, ashita

mo hare hen kana. Ashita haretara, ano sandaru hako. Le ministre de l’Education Nationale est en vacances. Elle sejournera deux semaines au bord de la mer.

Le ministre de l’Education Nationale Itsu datta kana, saigo ni sazae tabeta

no wa. Moo sootoo mukashi no hanashi

deixis anaphora da ne. Ne, Aoshima no umi ni itte,

uchi no okaasan to otooto to sazae tabete,

suika-wari shite. Are, nantetta kana, are.

Are, nooryoo basu da, nooryoo basu.

Okaasan rekusasu ki ni itteru yoo datta kedo, demo

are wa okkii kuruma da shi nee.

Kore, are da. Zenmai da.

Aa, demo ippai e o kaita kara, ano

e o doo shiyoo kana. The sandals

a-

a- kare kanojo karera kanojora

Watashi ga umareta machi de wa, dono kooen ni

mo sakura no ki ga ari, *kono/sono/*ano

iriguchi wa, torii no katachi o shiteita. Haruma wage kare

kare kano onna so- kanojo

ko- a-

a- ko-

so- ko- a- so- kare do- so-

do- + so- dare-sore doko-soko do- ko- do- a-

The New York Times so- do- ko- doitsu mo koitsu mo doo- Baraku Fusein Obama-shi wa 2009-nen 1-gatsu koo iu tsumori wa arimasen doonika-koonika hatsuka ni okonawareta shuuninshiki de sensei shi

dai-44-dai beikoku daitooryoo ni seishikini

shuuninshita. Kare wa beikoku-shijoo hatsu no I am traditionally allowed to order whatever I like for my last meal I The Founders invested me with sole afurika-kei amerika-jin daitooryoo to naru. responsibility for appointing Supreme Court justices me Every wom- an I date wants us to get married i j i,j

Yamada Taroo ni atta.

Yamada Taroo- tte dare?

Yamada Taroo wa dare?

Kare wa dare?

ano hito

Wo zuotian pengdao le Li Ming

Li Ming shi shei?

#Ta shi shei?

Yamada Toroo ni atta.

Yamada Toroo to iu hito ni atta.

sore, dare?

yudayajin no hazu dashi. Kare mo yudayajin da.

Uun yappari anime-tte ninki ga aru no

kanaa. Demo doragon booru-tte shiranai kara naa kare yappari

Who’s Who in Linguistics

Hee sheranebada-tte no wa chika nanda. Kare

-tte anime wa

-tte tte wa Murakami Haruki wa toransureetaa futari mottenda.

Sugoi ne. Kare wa nooberushoo torenno L.L. Biin -tte kagu mo utterun da. kana. ... Ima yonderu Nejimaki Kuronikuru yonderu

kare kanojo karera kedo, uun, omoshiroi ne. Kare wa ima yonderu kanojora kare kagiri ja, yappari, chotto, sayokuteki nano kana. kanojo kanojo Uun, yappa, uyoku dewa nai yone, kare no kanojo she kangaekata wa. Saikin kanojo tomo iken ga awanai shi, muzukashii yona.

The Wind-Up Bird Chronicle

kare

Konna hon toka detenno ka. … A,

yappa, yudayajin ooi, kanari. Soshuuru datte -tte Saussure

a- a-

ko-so-a

So- a- ko- so-

a- and so- a-

ko-so-a ko-so-a so- so- ko so a

Ko- a-

deictically ko- a-

a-

ko