Research Design Ethics George Connolly

L5 Interior Product Design Birmingham City University Contents Page 1 - Definitions Page Page 15 - Actual Gantt chart Page Page 4 - Locations & Activities 4 - Locations Page Page 14 - Proposed Gantt chart Page Page 3 - Factors effecting design effecting 3 - Factors Page Page 12 - Design issues diagram Page Page 2 - Areas of musical therapy 2 - Areas of musical Page Page 13 - The Product Design Brief Page Page 6 - Symptons & characteristics 6 - Symptons Page Page 10 - Dissecting the brief (W5H) Page Page 11 - Product design specification Page Page 8 - Existing products in the market 8 - Existing Page Page 7 - Areas effected by cerebral palsy 7 - Areas Page Page 9 - Anthropometric related functions 9 - Anthropometric Page Page 5 - An example of an existing musical therapy centre of an existing musical therapy 5 - An example Page

GeorgeConnolly “Inclusive design is the design of mainstream products that are accessible and useable by as many people as possible.”

“Music therapy is a technique of complimentary medicine that uses music presented in a skilled manner. Programmes are designed to help

George patients to overcome physical, emotional, intellectual and social challenges.” Connolly

1 - SOCIAL ADDICTION COMMUNICATION PHYSICAL CEREBRAL LOSS OF FEAR CHALLENGES CHALLENGES PALSY LIMBS

Use support to Lose Encourage people to yourself in the develop and PARALYSIS AUTISM experience freedom of music Calm heart rate learn

Ability to Meet new dance people SOCIAL PHYSICAL ELDERLY

Ability to Coordination SCHIZOPHRENIA associate music to calm assist down in social situations LIFE of anger. Areas of ILLNESSES Music Therapy Express emotion Develops children with STROKE MOOD non-verbally learning disabilities DISORDERS Better George productivity Creates EMOTIONAL Stress INTELLECTUAL positive relaxation ALZHEIMERS feelings BULLIED Sharpen mental Connolly Memory/learning Relax/calm acuity DEMENTIA Reduce stress enhancement

ANGER COGNITIVE STRESS/DESPRESSION ANXIETY DEVELOPMENTAL MANAGEMENT THERAPY DISABILITIES

2 - Avoid constant use of caregiver Opportunities Equal we all have Apply strength

Something that Assist Coordinating gives ability Strength Pulsating Balance beats One side of the body Factors Music Hear/feel sounds, hands effecting design & feet Sit Ability Draw

Stand takes Coordination Sports

George the weight Stand Paraplegics Gloves with magnets? Grip

Connolly - Lack of balance Pulls them up - Lack of grip e.g. mugs - Coordination Structured - Independnce strength Draw - Strength

3 - Locations & activities Locations Activities

Music therapy takes place in many Music therapists tap into those aspects of settings and locations. The great thing music that can most help people to reach about music therapy is that it is their fullest potential. something that can be created in any A music therapy session is based on the surrounding and inspires needs and strengths of clients. creativity.

Example locations Example activities

- Hospitals - Singing and playing instruments - Long term care homes - Listening to music - Schools - Moving and dancing - Group homes - Writing songs - Hospices and palliative care centres - Improvising - Community metal health centres - Discussing and analysing music - Clinics - Using imagery and/imagery techniques George Within these locations a wide range of With music it is so versatile in style, inclusive activities take place. sound and creativity it can be tailored to anybody, no matter who. Connolly

4 - An existing Music Therapy Centre

An existing facility and charity that provides services is the Music Centre, which is funded by the Canadian Music Therapy Trust. Their mission is to to promote, develop, and support music therapy services and research in order to restore, maintain, and improve the mental, physical, and emotional health of Canadians.

They are an existant and leading example of the power of music therapy and using it as a means of therapy and medicine to treat people. Below are real quotes from people on the great charity work the Canadian Music Therapy do but also on the power of music therapy and the effect it has...

I had the opportunity to see music therapy in action and was amazed to see the connection forged by music between a young girl with a brain injury, Sabrina, and her music therapist. I support the Canadian Music Therapy Trust Fund because I think all kids in need deserve a chance to be empowered like Sabrina.

-TYLER STEWART,

I have seen the impact that music therapy has on people who are often1 - in the battle of their lives. Music transcends medicine; it transcends the confusion and frustration that patients can be experiencing when suffering from diseases; and it can bring joy, inspiration and reprieve unlike any other help out there. George

-Chantal Kreviazuk

“Music therapy saved my life — physically and spiritually. It all started for me when I was Connolly in kindergarten. I went from a wheelchair to a walker to crutches and learned how to walk because of music therapy. I would not be who I am without it.”

-, singer, musician, music producer and founding member of the -winning group Bass is Base.

5 - a

Symptoms & characteristics • DYSKINETIC CEREBRAL PALSY – when muscle tone (the With music therapy two routes a patient can go down is either creating music or unconscious ability to contract or reacting to it. I want to concentrate on coordination through the limbs using the rhythm relax muscles) varies between of music, thus making a product that causes reaction. This provides an open route of stiffness and floppiness helping the disabled, paralysed, amputees and cerebral palsy. (hypotonia), causing random and uncontrolled body movements To get a better understanding of cerebral palsy, an understanding of the symptons and (choreo-athetoid cerebral palsy), or types of the illness is necessary. involuntary spasms and postures (dystonic cerebral palsy)

• SPASTIC CEREBRAL PALSY 75% of Cerebral – when the muscles are weak and Palsy cases are Spastic Cerebral stiff (hypertonia), especially if Palsy. moving them rapidly

• ATAXIC CEREBRAL PALSY – 20% of Cerebral when a person has balance and Palsy cases are Athetoid Cerebral co-ordination problems, resulting in Palsy. jerky and clumsy movements; they George may also experience tremors (involuntary shaking) in their hands

Connolly • MIXED CEREBRAL PALSY – when a person has features of % of Cerebral more than one of the types 5Palsy cases are Ataxic Cerebral Palsy. mentioned above

6 - Areas effected by Cerebral Palsy

Cerebral palsy refers to brain damage that occurs With cerebral palsy the before a child is five years intelligence of the person isn’t old. Therefore, adults effected, however other body cannot develop cerebral parts are, such as the limbs palsy. demonstrated in this diagram.

Using music therapy, the brain memorises and reacts to the sound of music so therefore using this information this could provide a tactical solution to creating an aid to help the movement of the user in the arms, legs or both.

However, cerebral palsy does not get better or worse with age,

George so when a child has the condition, he or she will continue to have the condition into adulthood. Connolly

Relating to research on movement difficulties, I can therefore depict how to design a product that can support and encourage coordination with the user’s limbs, through assistance with music. Coordination could be engaged with perhaps mobility, of course with support being built into the product.

7 - Existing products in the market

Feel the beat by Aydan Design is an existing product that is made for people with cerebral palsy. The device is placed on the elbow and synchronizes with music being played, and pulsates the beat to the elbow via pneumatic air pump system, assisting the user to clap along in time.

This product represents both assistant and comfort for the user while having a very sleek and elegant style, with a flowing, calm shape. This product truly inspires my ideas as it covers a lot of areas I would love to include in my designing process.

This product is also interesting The function of the product below resembles reaction as it follows along the lines of and coordination to a beat/instruction. Using the drum smart materials and is kit format, it can be help the user’s coordination and customisable to the user. So in reaction by keeping some form of rhythmic beat while this case it can be morphed to being fun as it has a range of sounds of a drum kit. the users closed hand shape. Then the grip can be attached Applying some form of interactive coordination while to some form of utensil or as a making it as fun as possible would be a huge factor in George means of a handle. designing something that could be very inclusive.

Applying something such as this to a product would give a more personal feel to it but also Connolly provide more support and strength to those who may need it.

8 - Anthropometric related functions For anthropometry in deciding what measurements the product should be, I’ve concluded to design my product for children from the first independent age of 3/4 with my thought process Factors that influence: being that if they can develop and learn early, it will be develop their ability better as they grow up.

- Cerebral Palsy causes Therefore the product can help develop the child early on while creating the product with a fun muscle deterioration so the adaption, so that the child can both learn to coordinate at an early age so they develop, but also have length/strength will differ. a lot of fun while doing so. Vertical grip - - Cerebral Palsy develops before the age of 5 years old. It does not develop in Height - adults later in life. 2 - 3.5 YEARS Vertical grip reach - 107.3 - Cerebral Palsy differs in Frontal grip - terms of seriousness so Height - 93.4 whereas some children Frontal grip - 39.7 can stretch their limbs fully Foot length - 14.7 and retain strength, some Foot length - however may not have this ability. 3.5 - 4.5 YEARS 4.5 - 5.5 YEARS

George Vertical grip reach - 116.6 Vertical grip reach - 126.1 Height - 101.4 Height - 108.3 Frontal grip - 43.1 Frontal grip - 45.4 Foot length - 16.1 Foot length - 17 Connolly

9 - Dissecting the brief Why - To assist and improve the coordination in the movement in limbs where a disability, temporary or permanant, could Where - It can be possibly effect. used in practical What - A device that surroundings such pulsates the beat of the as a hospital or music through platforms and even in private use. grips to assist in movement of the feet and hands, therefore encouraging coordination with the W5H music. The device itself will also provide independent Coordinative support for the user to be in Who - Primarily control themselves. users with a disability that effects the use of music device their limbs. George How - Through the use of music synchronization and the vibrations of the When - Any time beat through a platform when music is on Connolly and grips for the arms, and the user has therefore encouraging the strength. clapping, stomping and movement.

10 - Product design specification

Using the product design specification I can depict areas that I must include, and therefore help determine a final design, in order to provide the best functions for the user. Remembering however that the design needs to be as inclusive as possible.

Product Design Specification:

- Needs to be supportive and comfortable for the user to access.

- Needs to be supportive and comfortable to use for a duration of time.

- Needs to aesthetically look therapeutic, therefore no sharp corners, edges or shapes.

- Must be independent so that the user feels at one with the product rather than needing help with it via a carer.

George - Must aid with development in coordination with limbs.

- Must be a welcoming design, rather than something that looks daunting.

Connolly - Needs to be easy to get on/off.

- Must be safe to use and prevent harm to the user, for example falling off or sharp corners.

11 - Design Issues Diagram

Cerebral palsy/ Hospitals, clinics, Dance paralysis/learn to etc walk/limb loss/ Hold user Move problems Accessible? Patterns of use Portable? Clap/Stomp Will it be easy to Vibration must pack up & move? be felt Stand & Enough room? Must take weight move comfortbaly with Easy to use no strain Not too heavy/light Function is Safe to be on & MOST important Location Issues Not too big? use Hold & support Use function Organisational user issues Issues No sharp edges Aesthetics to calm/ Human No sharp corners welcome user Looks therapeutic? factors Healthy & Safety Prevent falling Issues Not claustrophobic off - supports Visual Assistive Doesn’t damage Environmental Calming/welcoming Aspects floor coordination Issues Use much Fashion Modern with up Material energy to power? Issues MUST insulate to date therapy possibilities electricity products? Market Design appealing & Issues Economic Process Plastic such as aesthetic Issues possibilities HIPs/PVC/PP Rubber for Take the shock? strength

George A possible NHS Could it work as part machine? Depending on Wood? of Sustainable? Power to use ratio, material used developmental will there be good programme? CNC for large power input to use scale of size? output? Connolly Excessive amount of energy nedded? Fabrication? Secondary product in series could be Hand made? to learn to walk

12 - tt

The Project Design Brief

“To design an assistive device that aims to help young children with cerebral palsy, loss of limbs and paralysis with coordination in their limbs through the use of musical therapy.

This product needs to use the rhythm of music to pulsate a beat to the arms and legs, while providing support for the user so they can use it independently and develop early as a child

George for later in life.” Connolly

13 - Proposed Gantt chart George Connolly

14 - Actual Gantt chart George Connolly

15 - PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT PRODUCED BYANAUTODESKEDUCATIONAL PRODUCT PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCED

With this I created my model by building it up in layers of MDF. Then created the frame With this I created my model by building it up in layers of MDF. Then an application of other features such as the using metal tubing for the horizontal parts. harness or speakers is optional. PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT EDUCATIONAL AUTODESK AN BY PRODUCED

Connolly

George Working model makers diagram makers model Working joints and filler. joints and filler. AutoCad. After sticking AutoCad. After sticking it together with dowel precise part cut, which precise part on was originally drawn shape. The CNC shape. The accurate and allows an display the shape and display the of the the functions a 1:2 scale to a 1:2 scale I created my model to my model I created