ETHIOPIA’S Gambela Region
Maternal and child be reduced through maternal undernutrition in Ethiopia nutrition interventions. contribute to both preventable The Government’s Second mortality and reduced National Nutrition Programme economic outcomes. For (NNP ) has set specic targets example, in , undernutrition DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE1 to achieve by the year for was associated with improving the nutrition status percent of child mortality. of both children and women of , Undernutrition also resulted in reproductive age. Meeting these Total population a loss that year of about challenges will require changes percent of gross domestic in family practices, as well 34% Urban 66% Rural product in the country. The improvements in facility and Adolescents leading causes of maternal community services. This brief (10-19 years) mortality in Ethiopia are highlights the status of critical Participation in PSNP eclampsia/pre-eclampsia and nutrition-related indicators in N/A (social safety net) hemorrhage—both of which can Gambela region.
STATUS OF NUTRITION AND HEALTH INDICATORS
REGIONAL PROGRESS AGAINST <5 STUNTING6 CHILD NUTRITION INDICATORS
38% 50 40 24% 24% 30 19%
20 14% 10% 10
2000 2005 2011 2016 Underweight Stunted Wasted
Gambela National
CHILD AND MATERNAL MATERNAL NUTRITION INDICATORS HEALTH INDICATORS
Women of reproductive age, anemia Infant mortality
Women of reproductive age, thinness Maternal mortality ratio N/A
GAMBELA NATIONAL GAMBELA NATIONAL NUTRITION PROFILE : GAMBELA REGION, ETHIOPIA 2018
CAUSES OF UNDERNUTRITION
FOOD INSECURITY7 CHILDREN < 5 WITH DIARRHEA (LAST 2 WEEKS)
13% 15 23% 12
Gambela National Gambela National
WATER AND SANITATION INDICATORS INFANT AND YOUNG CHILD FEEDING PRACTICES 83%
Early initiation of breastfeeding 65%
Exclusive breastfeeding (infants < 6 months) Gambela Breastfeeding at 1 year National 8% 6% Minimum meal frequency (6-23 months) Improved Improved Minimum dietary diversity (6-23 months) drinking water sanitation
GAMBELA NATIONAL ! WOMEN’S AGE AT FIRST MARRIAGE AREAS FOR IMMEDIATE ACTION 74% • Focus on improving dietary diversity 58% among children - months • Focus on improving meal frequency among children - months 17 17 Gambela • Advocate for increased male support years years National in household chores • Support programs to delay early Age at first Median age at marriage for young women marriage below 18 first marriage
WOMEN’S EDUCATION (Regional) GENDER EMPOWERMENT No education 73% 63% Gambela National Beyond secondary 34% Primary 24% Secondary
Women, ages 15-49 Husband rarely participates Woman never experienced in household chores violence by husband/partner NUTRITION PROFILE : GAMBELA REGION, ETHIOPIA 2018
CAUSES OF UNDERNUTRITION continued
CONTRACEPTIVE PREVALENCE RATE
35% 35%
Gambela National
PLATFORMS TO ADDRESS NUTRITION
USE OF HEALTH SERVICES—MOTHERS 45% 45% ! 39% AREAS FOR IMMEDIATE ACTION 32% • Increase the number of pregnant women 26% who have an ANC visit in their rst trimester 20% 19% • Increase the number of pregnant women 13% who receive and take IFA tablets 5% 3% • Increase the number of new mothers/ newborns who receive a postnatal visit 3+ ANC Early ANC 90+ IFA Facility Newborn visits delivery PNC within two days
Gambela National
ANC is the primary delivery platform for nutrition interventions for pregnant women in Gambela region.
of women in Gambela received ANC from a skilled provider during their last pregnancy.
USE OF HEALTH SERVICES—CHILDREN MEDIA USE (Regional) 55% 57% 53% 41% 37% 45% Women Men 26%
20% 14% 14% 13% Percent use in last week 4%
Pentavalent 3 vaccine Vitamin A De-worming TV Radio Newspapers (children 12-23 mos) (last 6 mos) (last 6 mos)
Gambela National NUTRITION PROFILE : GAMBELA REGION, ETHIOPIA 2018
DEFINITIONS Exclusive breastfeeding: child under Maternal mortality ratio: maternal age months who was given nothing deaths per , live births for Age at rst marriage below but breastmilk during the rst the years before the survey years: among women - years months of life Median age at rst marriage: among Anemia: non-pregnant women - Experience of violence by women - years years with hemoglobin level . husband/partner: report by g/dl; pregnant women with Minimum dietary diversity: children ever-married women age - hemoglobin level . g/dl age - months who received foods Food insecurity: in the last months, from food groups Breastfeeding at one year: children households ever faced with not having - months who received Minimum meal frequency: breastfed enough food to feed the family breastmilk child age - months—receive at Husband participation in household least times a day solid, semi-solid Child stunting: height-for-age chores: report by currently married or soft foods. Child age - receive below - SD women age - at least times a day; non-breastfed Child underweight: weight-for-age Improved sources of drinking child age - months—receive at below - SD water: include piped water, public least times a day solid, semi-solid, Child wasting: weight-for-height taps, standpipes, tube wells, or soft foods below - SD boreholes, protected dug wells and Newborn PNC: rst post-natal Contraceptive prevalence rate: use springs, and rainwater care visit for newborn within two of a modern method (currently Improved toilet facilities: include days of birth married women age - ) any non-shared toilet of the Thinness: (non-pregnant) women Deworming: children - months following types: ush/pour ush age - years with body mass (in last months) toilets to piped sewer systems, index (BMI) . septic tanks, and pit latrines; Early ANC: rst antenatal care visit Vaccinated: children - months ventilated improved pit (VIP) latrines; received pentavalent within the rst trimester of pit latrines with slabs; and pregnancy composting toilets Vitamin A: children - months (in last months) Early initiation of breastfeeding: Infant mortality: number of within hour of birth deaths before age one per live births (for the years preceding the survey)
Source for total regional population and urban/rural populations: Federal National Nutrition Program 2016-2020. (2016) Federal Democratic Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Central Statistical Agency Population Government of Ethiopia. Projection of Ethiopia for All Regions at Woreda Level from 2014–2017. Unless otherwise notes, sources for all data are the Ethiopia Demographic and (August 2013) Gambela, Ethiopia. Health Survey Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2016. (2017) Central Productive Safety Net Programs (PSNP 4) Annual Work Plan and Budget for Statistical Agency and ICF International, 2017/18 (2010 EFY). Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resource, Rural Job Demographic and Health Surveys stat compiler, (re)calculating all years Opportunity Creation and Food Security Sector, Food Security Coordination according to WHO Child Growth Standards. (Accessed March 1, 2018). Directorate. (2017) Gambela. Integrated Surveys on Agriculture Ethiopia Socioeconomic Survey (LSMS). Cost of Hunger in Africa: Implication for the Growth and Transformation of (2017) Central Statistical Agency of Ethiopia in Collaboration with the Ethiopia. (2013) African Union Commission, World Food Programme, and National Bank of Ethiopia and the World Bank. United Nations Economic Commission for Africa.
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